The Staten Island Stapletons
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Valuation of NFL Franchises
Valuation of NFL Franchises Author: Sam Hill Advisor: Connel Fullenkamp Acknowledgement: Samuel Veraldi Honors thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Graduation with Distinction in Economics in Trinity College of Duke University Duke University Durham, North Carolina April 2010 1 Abstract This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). Its first goal is to analyze the growth rates in the prices paid for NFL teams throughout the history of the league. Second, it will analyze the determinants of franchise value, as represented by transactions involving NFL teams, using a simple ordinary-least-squares regression. It also creates a substantial data set that can provide a basis for future research. 2 Introduction This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). The finances of the NFL are unparalleled in all of professional sports. According to popular annual rankings published by Forbes Magazine (http://www.Forbes.com/2009/01/13/nfl-cowboys-yankees-biz-media- cx_tvr_0113values.html), NFL teams account for six of the world’s ten most valuable sports franchises, and the NFL is the only league in the world with an average team enterprise value of over $1 billion. In 2008, the combined revenue of the league’s 32 teams was approximately $7.6 billion, the majority of which came from the league’s television deals. Its other primary revenue sources include ticket sales, merchandise sales, and corporate sponsorships. The NFL is also known as the most popular professional sports league in the United States, and it has been at the forefront of innovation in the business of sports. -
The Hidden Career of Ken Strong
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 10, No. 3 (1988) THE HIDDEN CAREER OF KEN STRONG by Bob Gill The more we find out about minor league football in the 1930s and '40s, the more top-level players we discover who put in time with pro teams outside the NFL. Among others, the list includes stars like Frankie Albert, Ed Danowski, Jack Ferrante, Augie Lio, Harry Newman, Hank Soar, Tommy Thompson and Kenny Washington, plus Hall of Famers Red Badgro, Johnny Blood, Sid Gillman, Vince Lombardi and Ace Parker. But without a doubt, among the famous names of football, the one with the most extensive non-NFL career was Ken Strong. The initial phase of Strong's pro career lasted from 1929-35. In four years ('29-32) with the Staten Island Stapletons and three ('33-35) with the New York Giants, he was a consensus all-pro selection in 1930-31 and '33-34, finishing among the NFL's top four scorers in each of those seasons. Then, after an injury- plagued 1935 season and a contract dispute with the Giants, he jumped in 1936 to the New York Yankees of the newly formed AFL. Though it didn't last, the AFL was definitely a major league in '36. The Yankees contended for the title before ultimately finishing third. With no passer, the team relied almost exclusively on its ground game, led by Strong's powerful running and crunching blocks. In addition, Strong finished third in the league in scoring – in fact, he would have led the league easily if not for the fact that he made only 5 of 20 field-goal attempts. -
Nagurski's Debut and Rockne's Lesson
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 20, No. 3 (1998) NAGURSKI’S DEBUT AND ROCKNE’S LESSON Pro Football in 1930 By Bob Carroll For years it was said that George Halas and Dutch Sternaman, the Chicago Bears’ co-owners and co- coaches, always took opposite sides in every minor argument at league meetings but presented a united front whenever anything major was on the table. But, by 1929, their bickering had spread from league politics to how their own team was to be directed. The absence of a united front between its leaders split the team. The result was the worst year in the Bears’ short history -- 4-9-2, underscored by a humiliating 40-6 loss to the crosstown Cardinals. A change was necessary. Neither Halas nor Sternaman was willing to let the other take charge, and so, in the best tradition of Solomon, they resolved their differences by agreeing that neither would coach the team. In effect, they fired themselves, vowing to attend to their front office knitting. A few years later, Sternaman would sell his interest to Halas and leave pro football for good. Halas would go on and on. Halas and Sternaman chose Ralph Jones, the head man at Lake Forest (IL) Academy, as the Bears’ new coach. Jones had faith in the T-formation, the attack mode the Bears had used since they began as the Decatur Staleys. While other pro teams lined up in more modern formations like the single wing, double wing, or Notre Dame box, the Bears under Jones continued to use their basic T. -
Milwaukee's Bid for a 2Nd NFL Franchise
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 14, No. 5 (1992) Requiem for the Nighthawks Milwaukee’s bid for a 2nd NFL franchise lays an egg in 1930 By Bob GIll As the NFL moved into its second decade, commissioner Joe Carr’s long-range plans for the league were beginning to take shape. In the latter part of the 1920s, most of the league’s small-town teams had dropped out, replaced by teams from bigger cities. Gone were the likes of Hammond, Kenosha, Evansville, Pottsville, Dayton, and even Canton. Instead, newer teams in New York and Philadelphia (Frankford) had staked out potentially more lucrative territory – though in the latter case, the Frankford Yellowjackets didn’t survive the curse of the Depression. Only three “small towns” were left: Staten Island, Portsmouth and Green Bay. Of the three, Staten Island had the best prospects for long-term success, able to draw from New York’s huge population base. Doopite that advantage, the Stapletons dropped out of the league after the 1932 season. Portsmouth was probably the worst bet; the Spartans admitted defeat in 1934 when they moved to Detroit. Somewhere in between was Green Bay. The Packers’ population base wasn’t much different from Portsmouth’s, but the team had established a following since joining the NFL in 1921, and winning the title in 1929 hadn’t hurt, either. Still, Carr couldn’t have had very high hopes for the team, considering the economic climate and the poor track record of teams from much bigger towns. Partly for these reasons, Carr had always looked favorably on the idea of putting a team in Milwaukee, which would provide a natural rival for the Packers. -
Hinkey Haines: the Giants' First Superstar
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 4, No. 2 (1982) HINKEY HAINES: THE GIANTS' FIRST SUPERSTAR By C.C. Staph Oh Hinkey Haines, oh Hinkey Haines! The New York Giants' football brains. He never loses, always gains. Oh Hinkey Haines, oh Hinkey Haines! -- anonymous New York sportswriter, 1926 Hinkey Haines was one of those running backs who blaze across the NFL sky for only a short time, yet burn so brightly that they are honored long after their last touchdown. Gale Sayers is a recent example; George McAfee was another. Haines completed his playing career before the league began keeping statistics. As a consequence, he is remembered not for huge yardage totals but for brilliant individual performances. During his short but spectacular career, he put together enough outstanding plays to be ranked with Grange, Driscoll, and Nevers as one of the great runners of his time. He was a phenomenal breakaway runner, famous for his speed. Bob Folwell, the New York Giants' first coach, insisted that in his twenty years of coaching he had never seen a faster man on the gridiron than Haines. If he were playing today, he would almost surely be turned into a wide receiver. Even in those rather pass-sparse days, Hinkey scored several of his most spectacular touchdowns on passes. On punt and kickoff returns, he was deadly. He joined the Giants in 1925 at the comparatively ripe age of 26. For four years, he was the toast of New York. He put in one more season with the Staten Island Stapletons and then retired. He was lured back in 1931 as player-coach of the Stapes, but, at 32, he played only sparingly. -
Statistical Leaders of the ‘20S
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 14, No. 2 (1992) Statistical Leaders of the ‘20s By Bob GIll Probably the most ambitious undertaking in football research was David Neft’s effort to re-create statistics from contemporary newspaper accounts for 1920-31, the years before the NFL started to keep its own records. Though in a sense the attempt had to fail, since complete and official stats are impossible, the results of his tireless work provide the best picture yet of the NFL’s formative years. Since the stats Neft obtained are far from complete, except for scoring records, he refrained from printing yearly leaders for 1920-31. But it seems a shame not to have such a list, incomplete though it may be. Of course, it’s tough to pinpoint a single leader each year; so what follows is my tabulation of the top five, or thereabouts, in passing, rushing and receiving for each season, based on the best information available – the stats printed in Pro Football: The Early Years and Neft’s new hardback edition, The Football Encyclopedia. These stats can be misleading, because one man’s yardage total will be based on, say, five complete games and four incomplete, while another’s might cover just 10 incomplete games (i.e., games for which no play-by-play accounts were found). And then some teams, like Rock Island, Green Bay, Pottsville and Staten Island, often have complete stats, based on play-by-plays for every game of a season. I’ll try to mention variations like that in discussing each year’s leaders – for one thing, “complete” totals will be printed in boldface. -
Dodgers and Giants Move to the West: Causes and Effects an Honors Thesis (HONRS 499) by Nick Tabacca Dr. Tony Edmonds Ball State
Dodgers and Giants Move to the West: Causes and Effects An Honors Thesis (HONRS 499) By Nick Tabacca Dr. Tony Edmonds Ball State University Muncie, Indiana May 2004 May 8, 2004 Abstract The history of baseball in the United States during the twentieth century in many ways mirrors the history of our nation in general. When the Brooklyn Dodgers and New York Giants left New York for California in 1957, it had very interesting repercussions for New York. The vacancy left by these two storied baseball franchises only spurred on the reason why they left. Urban decay and an exodus of middle class baseball fans from the city, along with the increasing popularity of television, were the underlying causes of the Giants' and Dodgers' departure. In the end, especially in the case of Brooklyn, which was very attached to its team, these processes of urban decay and exodus were only sped up when professional baseball was no longer a uniting force in a very diverse area. New York's urban demographic could no longer support three baseball teams, and California was an excellent option for the Dodger and Giant owners. It offered large cities that were hungry for major league baseball, so hungry that they would meet the requirements that Giants' and Dodgers' owners Horace Stoneham and Walter O'Malley had asked for in New York. These included condemnation of land for new stadium sites and some city government subsidization for the Giants in actually building the stadium. Overall, this research shows the very real impact that sports has on its city and the impact a city has on its sports. -
The Ursinus Weekly, May 22, 1950
Ursinus College Digital Commons @ Ursinus College Ursinus Weekly Newspaper Newspapers 5-22-1950 The Ursinus Weekly, May 22, 1950 Willard Wetzel Ursinus College Douglas MacMullan Ursinus College Dick Hector Ursinus College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly Part of the Cultural History Commons, Higher Education Commons, Liberal Studies Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Wetzel, Willard; MacMullan, Douglas; and Hector, Dick, "The Ursinus Weekly, May 22, 1950" (1950). Ursinus Weekly Newspaper. 594. https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/594 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Newspapers at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ursinus Weekly Newspaper by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BACCALAUREATE COMMENCEMENT SERVICE, SUNDAY EXERCISES, MONDAY JUNE4 JUNE 5 Vol 49, No. 24 MONDAY, MAY 22, 1950 Price, Ten Cents Ursinus Institutes Chapter ATTENTION SENIORS ! This Wednesday at 7 :00 p.m. iTitus and Mutch to Address in rm. 6, a i·ep1·esentative of the North America Companies will Of Social Science Society talk . to all seniors who are in terested in a straight salary job. 'Large_st Graduating Cla~s Thirty-seven students and mem state officer of the organization, These jobs will not consist of bers of the faculty became charter wa$ instrumental in organizing a I selling and do not concern life membel'S of Pi Gamma Mu, nation chapter at Ursinus, along with Rus- j insurance. -
National Football League Franchise Transactions
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 4 (1982) The following article was originally published in PFRA's 1982 Annual and has long been out of print. Because of numerous requests, we reprint it here. Some small changes in wording have been made to reflect new information discovered since this article's original publication. NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE FRANCHISE TRANSACTIONS By Joe Horrigan The following is a chronological presentation of the franchise transactions of the National Football League from 1920 until 1949. The study begins with the first league organizational meeting held on August 20, 1920 and ends at the January 21, 1949 league meeting. The purpose of the study is to present the date when each N.F.L. franchise was granted, the various transactions that took place during its membership years, and the date at which it was no longer considered a league member. The study is presented in a yearly format with three sections for each year. The sections are: the Franchise and Team lists section, the Transaction Date section, and the Transaction Notes section. The Franchise and Team lists section lists the franchises and teams that were at some point during that year operating as league members. A comparison of the two lists will show that not all N.F.L. franchises fielded N.F.L. teams at all times. The Transaction Dates section provides the appropriate date at which a franchise transaction took place. Only those transactions that can be date-verified will be listed in this section. An asterisk preceding a franchise name in the Franchise list refers the reader to the Transaction Dates section for the appropriate information. -
AFL-CIO Convention Seeks to Avert Anger of Civil-Rights Forces
Argentina Asks AFL-CIO Convention THE Fair Oil Deal; Kennedy Yelps Seeks to Avert Anger B y George Saunders NOV. 19 — The current con MILITANT troversy over Argentine annul Of Civil-Rights Forces Published in the Interests of the Working PeopU ment of U.S. oil company con tracts is a case study of U.S. fo r By Fred Halstead eign policy in the service of the Vol. 27 - No. 42 Monday, November 25, 1963 Price 10c private profits of big business. It NEW YORK — The top brass speaks volumes about the real of the AFL-CIO convention, which policy of the U.S. government opened here Nov. 14, put on a toward Latin America. And it ex show of support to the civil rights plains why the “Alliance for Pro revolution. U.S.-to-Cuba Peace Walkers gress” is bound to fail in its A t a special session on Nov. 18, avowed aims of raising the living A. Philip Randolph, president of standards of millions of Latin the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Americans. The U.S. is not con Porters and the only Negro on the Tortured, Jailed, in Georgia cerned with the poverty of those 29-man AFL-CIO executive coun peoples. It is concerned to protect cil, was given the honor of open the approximately $9 billion in ing proceedings with a speech. He U.S. private investment spread was followed by UAW President over Latin America. W alter Reuther. This session was When the newly-elected govern the only one of the week-long ment of Arturo Illia announced it convention in which time was would cancel some undesirable scheduled for discussion from the foreign oil contracts, U.S.-Argen floor. -
Goln' to the DOGS
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 20, No. 6 (1998) GOlN’ TO THE DOGS By Paul M. Bennett They're off and running excitedly and enthusiastically chasing that elusive rabbit. The long since departed and all but forgotten, All-America Football Conference was a professional football league that had "gone to the dogs." Literally! Some football fans, such as those dour National Football League diehards (you know who you are), would say that "going to the dogs" definitely had described the AAFC's level of play during the league's all too brief, four-year tenure as a fiery competitor to the established pro league. Their argument was further reinforced after the league finally called it quits following the end of the 1949 season, when three of its teams (Cleveland Browns, San Francisco 49ers and Baltimore Colts) were absorbed, or merged (if one is kind), into the NFL commencing with the 1950 season. AAFC fans would simply say "pooh" to those NFL naysayers. What did they know? Haughtiness and arrogance seemed to have been their credo. Conservative to a fault. A new idea must be a bad idea! The eight-team AAFC had played football at a level that was both entertaining to the viewing public and similar in quality to that of the older, ten-team league. The only problem the AAFC seemed to have had was its overall lack of depth, talent-wise, and, more importantly, its lack of adequate team competition. The AAFC's chief asset had been the powerful and innovative Cleveland Browns, arguably one of professional football's most dominant franchises. -
East Bawtt Nftob to P
i i{h\j.i\'.:.:i. lilt: r,..p.T II. .\q D£LtVERED BV MAIL ONLY ADDRESS OOMMXnnOATIOKS BUBSORIBB NOW East Bawtt NftoB TO P. 0. BOX 163 Combined With The Branford Review VOL. IV—NO, 51 East Hiavcn, Coim'ccticul, Tliursday, Scplcmbcv 2, 1048 Two DoIUn Per Teu Don Thomas Is E. T. Beebe Is Music As Life STRICTLY LOCAL Appointed To Laid At Rest Symbol, Rotary TOWN TOPICS A LITTLE ABOUT THIS AND THAT School Board In East Lawn Talk Subject BT PAUL H. STBTB1N8 WHAT'S GOING ON IN TOWN Donald Tliomas of 32 Bartlctt There was a very largo attendance Mr. Cornelius Johns, instructor at Road was appointed last week by on Monday atlcrnoon at the funeral Larson Junior College, gave a most the other members ot the Boai-d of services foi' Ellsworth T. Becbc, Symbol of Life" at last week's meet- Cooler days come In the center ot a very bad Polio ' THE BOOK IS NOT CLOSED Education to fill the unexp;lvcd husband of Virginia Stevens Beebe Symbol of Lite" atlaslwcck's meet cpidmnlc. term of Judge Clifford Sturges who And ihcy arc welcome after swel ot 7 Eslellc Road held In the W. S. ing of the East Haven Rotary Club. In this space thr,«e years ago \vc wrote nnder the lieiidinK "The resigned during the summer be tering heul wave. Wo are all glad to greet Frank Clancy Memorial at 43 Kirk- Mr. Johns who is a local resident, Book is Closed" these words; cause of the press- of other duties.