September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30211 system for the allocation of crude oll and tional Morgan Horse Week"; to the Commit· ginia, Mr. SCBERLE, Mr. SCHNEEBELI, Mr. SIKES, Mr. SNYDER, Mr. TAYLOR refined petroleum products, and for other tee on the Judiciary. By Mr. RARICK (for himself, Mr. of North Carolina, Mr. TREEN, Mr. purposes; to the Committee on Interstate WARE, Mr. WHITTEN, Mr. BOB WILSON, and Foreign Commerce. VIGORITO, Mr. MELCHER, Mrs. HANSBN of Washington, Mr. FOLEY, Mr. BAK­ Mr. WINN, Mr. WRIGHT, Mr. YATRON, By Mr. BOB WILSON: Mr. YOUNG of Florida, Mr. ZABLOCKI, H.R. 10345. A blll to amend title 10, United ER, and Mr. SIKES): States Code, to realine naval districts, and H.J. Res. 729. Joint resolution to prohibit and Mr. ZION): any reduction in the number of employees of H.J. Res. 733. Joint resolution proposing for other purposes; to the Committee on an amendment to the Constitution of the Armed Services. the Forest Service during the current fl.seal year; to the Committee on Agriculture. United States with respect to the offering By Mr. WOLFF: of prayer in public bulldings; to the Com­ H.R. 10346. A bill to amend the Internal By Mr. WHITEHURST: Revenue Code of 1954 to permit an exemp­ H.J. Res. 730. Joint resolution asking the mittee on the Judiciary. President of the United States to declare By Mr. BRADEMAS: tion of the first $5,000 of retirement income H. Con. Res. 300. Concurrent resolution ex­ received by a taxpayer under a public retire­ the 13th day of October 1973, and the 13th day of October of each succeeding year "Ani­ pressing the sense of the Congress regarding ment system or any other system if the tax­ the free emigration and expression of ideas payer is at least 66 years of age; to the Com­ mal Welfare Day"; to the Committee on the Judiciary. by citizens of the Soviet Union; to the Com­ mittee on Ways and Means. mittee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. WYATT: By Mr. WYLIE (for himself, Mr. ARCH­ H.R. 10347. A bill to authorize the Secre­ ER, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. BLACKBURN, Mr. By Mr. EVINS of Tennessee: tary of Agriculture to permit the use of DDT BRAY, Mr. BURGENER, Mr. BURKE of H. Con. Res 301. Concurrent resolution to control and protect against insect infesta­ Massachusetts, Mr. CAMP, Mr. providing for the printing as a House docu­ tion on forest and other agricultural lands; CLANCY, Mr. COLLIER, Mr. COLLINS ment, "A History and Accomplishments of to the Committee on Agriculture. of Texas, Mr. CONLAN, Mr. DAN the permanent Select Committee on Small H.R. 10348. A blll to provide for the con­ DANIEL, Mr. DENT, Mr. DEVINE, Mr. Business of the House of Representatives"; tinued operation of the Public Health Serv­ DUNCAN, Mr. ESHLEMAN, Mr. FisHER, to the Committee on House Administration. ice hospitals; to the Committee on Inter­ Mr. FLOOD, Mr. GETl'YS, Mr. GOOD­ By Mr. RANGEL (for himself and Miss state and Foreign Commerce. LING, Mr. GROSS, Mr. HALEY, Mr. JORDAN): By Mr. WYLIE (for himself and Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT, and Mr. HARSHA): H. Con. Res. 302. Concurrent resolution DEVINE): H.J. Res. 731. Joint resolution proposing expressing the sense of Congress that cer­ H.R. 10349. A bill amending section 203 of an amendment to the Constitution of the tain economizing and tax reform measures the Economic Stabilization Act of 1970; to United States with respect to the offering of shall be taken to assure through a fiscally the Committee on Banking and Currency. prayer in public buildings; to the Committee responsible Federal budget for fl.seal 1974 By Mr. COLLINS of Texas: on the Judiciary. effective action to promote national security, H.J. Res. 726. Joint resolution authorizing By Mr. WYLIE (for himself, Mr. HAYS, stable prices, tax justice, full employment, the President to proclaim the first Saturday Mr. HENDERSON, :Mr. HINSHAW, Mr. quality education and health care, environ­ in October of each year as "Children's Day"; HOGAN, Mrs. HOLT, Mr. HUDNUT, Mr. mental protection, safe and improved living to the Committee on the Judiciary. HUNT, Mr. !CHORD, Mr. JOHNSON of conditions in urban and rural areas, and By Mr. DIGGS (for himself, Mr. Pennsylvania, Mr. JONES of North equal opportunity for all Americans; to the HOWARD, Mr. MOSHER, Mr. PODELL, Carolina, Mr. KEATING, Mr. KEMP, Committee on Government Operations. and Mr. ROYBAL) : Mr. KETCHUM, Mr. LATTA-, Mr. LOTT, By Mr. HARRINGTON (for himself and H.J. Res. 726. Joint resolution to protect Mr. MCCOLLISTER, Mr. McEWEN, Mr. Mr. MOAK.LEY): U.S. domestic and foreign policy interests by MATHIS of Georgia, Mr. Mn.FORD, Mr. H. Res. 550. Resolution to investigate the making fair employment practices in the MILLER, Mr. MIZELL, Mr. MOLLOHAN, involvement, if any, of the U.S. Government South African enterprises of U.S. firms a Mr. MONTGOMERY, and Mr. MOR­ in the overthrow of the Allende Government criteria for eligibility for Government con­ GAN): of Chile; to the Committee on Rules. tracts; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.J. Res. 732. Joint resolution proposing By Mr. MAHON: an amendment to the Constitution of the H.J. Res. 727. Joint resolution making fur­ United States with respect to the offering of PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS ther continuing appropriations for the fl.seal prayer in public buildings; to the Commit­ year 1974, and for other purposes; to the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, Committee on Appropriations. tee on the Judiciary. Mr. SMITH of New York introduced a bill By Mr. MALLARY: JJy Mr. WYLIE (for himself, Mr. MUR­ H.J. Res. 728. Joint resolution requesting PHY of New York, Mr. PARIUS, Mr. (H.R. 10360) for the relief of John H. Ryan, the President to issue a proclamation desig­ PERKINS, Mr. POAGE, Mr. RANDALL, which was referred to the Committee on the nating the week of October 8, 1973, as "Na- Mr. RARICK, Mr. ROBINSON of Vir- Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

STATEMENT BY SENATOR LLOYD to appropriate adequate funds to provide for the location of the project in Central Texas. BENTSEN BEFORE THE DEFENSE National security while at the same time The opposition to Project Sanguine in my keeping a. lid on Federal expenditures so as State stems from three principal sources. APPROPRIATIONS SUBCOMMIT· not to wreck our National economy. First, there is considerable controversy TEE This is a delicate balance to strike and I over the possible effects Project Sanguine feel that these hearings are a definite sign might have on the environment and economy that defense expenditures are being carefully of the Texas Hill County. As you may know, HON. LLOYD BENTSEN scrutinized and that no Federal agency, in­ this Project would involve a buried grid of OF TEXAS cluding the Department of Defense, has carte radio antennas over a 1,600 square mile area IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES blanche access to the Federal Treasury as of the Llano uplift in Central Texas. (Refer to map J Transmitters would be buried at a Tuesday, September 18, 1973 some have suggested. Today, however, I am here to speak to you depth of thirty fe~t a.long the grid and the Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. President, I ask about a specific program that concerns me cable for the antenna would be buried at a. unanimous consent to have printed in and many Texans, which is Project Sanguine. depth of six feet. This grid, grounded upon Project Sanguine is a Navy communications the dry non-conductive rock of the Llano the Exten....ions of Remarks the statement uplift, would then form an electromagnetic I made before the Defense Appropria­ program which is contained in the Research and Development portion of the Defense field for the purpose of transmitting ex­ tions Subcommittee on September 12, budget. The Navy is requesting $16.7 million tremely low frequency (ELF) radio signals. 1973. this year to continue the validation phase for Texas citizens are rightly concerned about The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Project Sanguine which was approved by the what effects such a mammoth system blight objection, it is so ordered. Secretary of Defense in January 1973. have on the local environment and what ef­ My concern here a.rises from the fa.et that fects any such system would have on the use STATEMENT BY SENATOR LLOYD BENTSEN of this land .for ranching and development Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to have this the State of Texas has been mentioned as a purposes. opportunity to appear before the Senate Ap­ prime site for the looation of Project San­ On a second point, the consideration of a propriations Committee to discuss the de­ guine. News of the possible location of this Texas site was prompted by a decision 1n fense budget with you. As a former member project in the Hill Country of Central Texas January of 1973 by Secretary of Defense Laird of the Armed Services Committee, I know has caused an unprecedented public furor that the project should be located at a site what a difficult task you face 1n attempting and has raised serious questions concerning elsewhere than the present test site 1n north- 30212 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 · ern Wisconsin. Quite frankly, considering the for alarm is most unfortunate. Rather. opposition I have heard from many Texas AN ''ERA OF GOOD HOPE" DAWNS residents to the program, I am not surprised it should be viewed as an indication that IN PUERTO RICO that Secretary Laird preferred to have it these young men and women are recog­ somewhere else than in his own home area nizing the opportunities provided by a of Wisconsin. My point is that the same military career. HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT characteristics that made Sanguine ex­ As the volunteer Army has been imple­ OF CALZFORNIA. tremely unpopular in Wisconsin have also mented, salary levels have been raised IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stirred the citizens of Texas as well. If Wis­ to comparability with the civilian sector, consin is the preferred site for the program. reforms have been made in daily mili­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 as Navy tests have clearly indicated, then Mr. LEGGET!'. Mr. Wisconsin should be the site chosen-not tary life. 'and emphasis has been put on Speaker, on July Texas as a second choice on political grounds. educational and other benefits. The mili­ 25 Puerto Rico observed the 21st anni­ Finally, I would say a word about the re­ tary-to put it simply-has been doing versary of Commonwealth. This was gion in my State being considered for this a better job than its civilian counter­ truly an occasion to celebrate, both for project. The Texas Hill Country was settled parts in showing these potential "em­ Puerto Rico and for the United States, early in the history of our State and has been ployees" the advantages of becoming for Commonwealth has proven to be an held with special regard and tenacity by members of its workforce. honorable and enormously beneficial re­ those who claimed this land from nature lationship between our two countries. and who have passed it from generation to The Philadelphia Inquirer, in an Au­ generation for over a century. Land is more gust 16 editorial, presented an excellent Over the past 21 years, Puerto Rico than Just a means of income here, it is a discussion of why young blacks are en­ has achieved a development that is re­ bedrock and a heritage which the owner listing in greater numbers. The editorial markable. Political awareness and con­ cherishes and which one who has not shared follows: structive activism are flourishing where a similar experience often falls to compre­ EQUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR ALL: SERVICEMEN once passivity predominated. Economi­ hend. The Texas Hill Country has been the AND CIVn.IANS cally. Puerto Rico has developed. Tre­ site of some of Texas' most historic moments Washington officials both in and out of mendous strides have also been made to­ and the home of some c,f her most distin­ guished sons. It has a unique topography the Pentagon are Justifiably worried-but ward securing the rights and benefits of which has attracted thousands of tourists perhaps for the wrong reasons-about the a developed society for all Puerto Ricans. to its lakes and scenic routes. high rate of black enlistments in the Army Yet the work has only just begun. A Many of you recall the fondness which since the Vietnam truce la.st January complex set of problems still remain to President Johnson had for this area of Texas brought an end to the draft and a. test of be dealt with and resolved. In an address and his ranch, by the way, is near the pro­ the all-volunteer concept. delivered on the Commonwealth of posed site. I would only suggest to this Com­ Latest statistics, for the end of July, show that blacks comprise 18.6 percent of Army Puerto Rico's anniversary. the Honorable mittee that many serious questions must be Rafael Hemandez-Col6n cited these answered and a great many doubts allayed enlisted men but only 13.5 percent of Ameri­ before a spa.de of Hill Country dirt will be can males of enlistment age. More signifi­ problems and expressed his confidence turned on this Project. I and the citizens of cant ls the trend, which shows rapidly in­ that they could be overcome. He chris­ this region do not intend to see it marred creasing black enlistment. More than 25 tened the coming years as an "Era of and perhaps irrepairably damaged by an un­ percent of Army enlistees in the four months Good Hope" and stated the intention of proven, high risk, program which may very ending June 30 were blacks. In July the num­ creating a "new Puerto Rico." well go the way of so many other such ber Jumped to 34 percent. The Governor's address particularly schemes that have emanated from the De­ There is a parallel trend in re-enlistments. concentrated on the subject of futw·e partment of Defense in the past. La.test figures show a 62-percent re-enlist­ I would hope that this Committee, in its ment rate for blacks compared to 47 percent political development. Reiterating the report language would restrict the Navy from for whites. central principles of Commonwealth- any new developments at the Central Texas Less than !our percent of Army officers Llberty to govern our own life and our own site until all the many serious questions con­ are black, however-raising the prospect of a destiny in association with the United States cerning this program have been fully an­ predominantly black Army led by an over­ in such a way that we may grow, develop, swered. In addition, I would hope that this whelmingly white officer corps. Unlike en­ and mature to the limit of our ability as in­ Committee will seek independent research listed men. the officers have no drama.tic dividuals and as a people. and analysis concerning the possible effects trend toward more blacks. A decade ago of this Project before approving its con­ He announced his country's firm de­ nearly 3.5 percent of Army officers were black. sire. enunciated in an electoral man­ struction. A "remedial" step reportedly under dis­ As with too many such programs, it ap­ cussion in the Pentagon is to intensify re­ date, that the political development of pears that much 01' the data available from cruiting programs for enlisted men in pre­ the Puerto Rican people be fulfilled with­ the Department 01' the Navy is aimed at sell­ domina.ntly white sections of the country in the scope of the permanent union ing the Congress rather than objectively in­ while quietly reducing recruitment efforts with the United States which is estab­ forming us. in black communities. That would be an lished by common narket, common cur­ Mr. Chairman, I appreciate this opportu­ outrageously discriminatory tactic. Equal rency, common defense, and common nity to discuss this matter with you. I know opportunity !or enlistment in the mllitary that Project Sanguine ls a small portion of citizenship. service regardless of race ls a right that Specifically, the Puerto Rican people the total budget you must consider this year must be scrupulously upheld in practice but lt ls the single most controversial item as well a.s principle. have mandated that the Commonwealth to the people of Texas that has been before More to the point would be a re-examina­ be carried to the maximum of self­ you in many years. Any assistance you might tion of opportunities for blacks to become government. offer would be greatly appreciated. Army officers. A fully integrated Army should To achieve this purpose, Governor be precisely that at all levels of command. Col6n has proposed to President Nixon Promotions, a.s enlistments, should be color that an ad hoc committee be formed. blind-not by quota. but by equality of op­ The functions and duties of this com­ EQUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR ALL portunity based on merit irrespective of mittee, the Governor outlined as follows: race. In defining how the development o! the Despite the low ratio of black officers, Commonwealth will achieve a maximum of HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER blacks are enlisting in the Army in dispro­ self-government, the Ad Hoc Committee will OF WISCONSIN portionately large numbers that reflect eco­ be able to address itself to a series of imme­ nomic realities. Opportunities to acquire IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES diate problems which create difficulties with­ vocational skills, to earn promotion in the in the present relationship, such as the prob­ Tuesday. September 18. 1973 enlisted. ranks, to acquire ellgiblltty for edu­ lem of Air and Maritime freight rates; the cational benefits under the G.I. bill after Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. regulation on income allocation for tax pur- return to civilian life-all of these !actors poses by the Internal Revenue Service; the Speaker, those trying to prove the new may be a more compelling motivation than minimum wage problem; the application of All-Volunteer Army concept is not work­ a love for military life. the regulations of the federal Environment ing have pointed as one indication of this To put lt bluntly, 1f there were more edu­ Protection Agency to Puerto Rico as well as to the high rate of black enlistees in the cational and vocational opportunities for other limitations on our self-government. Army since the end of the draft. blacks in civilian Ufe maybe not so many The committee may also study alternate would be joining the Army. A need !or un1- forms of participation which the people of The statistics which have been cited versal equal opportunity, outside the mili­ Puerto Rico ought to consider together with are. indeed. accurate. Increasing num­ tary service as well as in. is the crux of the the Presidential Vote, to determine how they bers of young blacks have joined the mill­ matter-and the Pentagon can't be blamed wish to take pa.rt in federal affairs, in har­ tary. That this should be seen as cause !or that problem. mony with Commonwealth status. Septe11iber 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30213 The ad hoc committee promises to be real new weapons systems will be mini­ considered in some quarters that the trucks mal. can do anything the railroads can and faster one of the primary tools for continuing and better. So far this is correct. However the overall progress which has marked It is interesting to note, Mr. Speaker, they cannot do it cheaper than the ra.llroad. Puerto Rico's past 21 years and for deal­ that the Navy has refused to estimate The raw materials which we bring into ing with the many problems which pres­ the cost of a fully equipped surface effect Waterbury are relatively inexpensive powders ently confront the country. Formation of ship. I am calling upon the Navy to come largely from the eastern part of the country this vitally important committee should clean on the total cost of the program. and the Middlewest as far as Missouri and in · be undertaken with all possible speed. Rather than tell Congress in a piece­ most instances the carload/railroad ra.te is I meal fashion what the cost would be, the virtually one-half of what the truck rate congratulate Puerto Rico on the an­ would be. Hence, we cannot use trucks with niversary of its Commonwealth. I share whole truth should come out now so that this volume of incoming shipments, or we the pride its people take 1n their progress a full and complete judgment can be could not compete and since our market is and the confidence they feel for the fu­ made on the cost of this program. highly competitive, this is a crltical factor. ture. Let all Members of Congress urge Our products are sold extensively through­ the President to implement this progress out the continental United States. by forming the Ad Hoc Committee on In writing you, we do so in the belief that Puerto Rican Redevelopment. NECESSITY OF RAIL SERVICE we are not alone. Obviously, many, manJ small industries in Connecticut depend on the railroad !or incoming and probably out­ HON. ROBERT H. STEELE going · shipments and would feel the pinch OF CONNECTICUT severely, a.nd in many cases probably could PROBLEMS OF U.S. NAVY ON FAST not be competitive should the railroad be SURFACE SHIPS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES discontinued. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 HON. LES ASPIN Mr. STEELE. Mr. Speaker, in remarks OF WISCONS:IN inserted in the August 3 CONGRESSIONAL HOBOKEN, A GOOD PLACE TO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES RECORD, I made the point that many busi­ LIVE nesses, both in my State of C-Onnecticut Tuesday, September 18, 1973 and throughout the Northeast, would Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, cost increases suffer substantial and sometimes irrep­ HON. DOMINICK V. DANIELS and technical problems are plaguing the arable damage should the railroad serv­ OF NEW JERSEY Navy's efforts to build super-speedy ships ices they utilize shut down. Without the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that may someday skim across the wa­ rails to ship in bulk items-which would ter on a cushion of air at speeds up to be too costly to ship by truck-many Tuesday, September 18, 1973 100 knots. I have publicly released docu­ Connecticut manufacturers would be un­ Mr. DOMINICK V. DANIELS. Mr. ments which show that the cost of the able to obtain necessary raw materials. Speaker. my mother was a. native of Ho­ program has increased considerably and And in reverse, many finished projects boken, N.J., and much of my childhood the two 100-ton test prototype ships which normally move out of Connecticut was spent in that fine old community have both encountered serious technical by ran either would not be shipped or known locally as "the mile square city." difficulties. would be forced onto the State's already I have many happy memories of that It is interesting to note that the cost of over-congested highways, inc::.-easing not time. Unfortunately, in recent years the research and development for the so­ only congestion but also fuel consump­ city fell upon hard tim.~s and much of called surface eff'ects ships has increased tion, pollution, and shipping costs. the city became blighted. The trend how­ from $210.6 million to nearly half a bil­ Today, I am placing in the RECORD the ever, has been reversed and today Ho­ lion dollars. While some of the increase text of a letter I received recently from boken seems to be on the verge of a is the result of building two 100-ton Earl W. Couch, chairman of the board of great renaissance. P1·operty values in prototype ships instead of one, there is the LEA Manufacturing Co. This letter Hoboken are rising and suddenly the old clearly a problem of cost overruns and vividly describes the ways in which one city has become fashionable again. Peo­ mismanagement in the program. At Connecticut business depends on the con­ ple are beginning to learn that living in least $69 million of the cost increase had tinued operation of the railroads. The Hoboken has many chanru, as well as nothing to do with building the extra LEA Co., however, is only one of the many conveniences. With its unrivaled location prototype and raised serious questions interests that could not absorb the loss at the entrance of New York Harbor and about the management of the program. of rail ser·• ::es without sever hardship. its easy a"°cessibility to midtown Man­ The $69 million increase is a result of I believe that it is incumbent on this hattan, Hoboken is a good place to live. contract cost overruns, cost of correct­ Congress to insure that rail services. such Elizabeth Parks of the Dispatch, Sep­ ing technical problems, and inflation. as those described in this letter, be main­ tember 12, 1973, has written a most in­ The documents which I have released tained. teresting account of the revival of inter­ indicate that the engines of one of the est in brownstone townhouses which has ships has, in the Navy's words, "suffered The text of the letter follows: caused once depressed neighborhoods to repeated failures." Our business is a small one compared with many industrial giants in this v!cinity. How­ take on a new look. New Yorkers looking The Navy says that the failures has ever the matter of the Pennsylvania Railroad for a better place to live might well give "seriously impeded the ongoing test pro­ and Its poor circumstances has al~ys both­ :Hoboken a glance. gram on this craft!' ered us. We understand now that there ls a Mr. Speaker. at this Pomt in the Naturally, the Navy claims that "cor­ deadline of October 1, which is the critical RECORD I include Ms. Parks• excellent rective measures are being taken." date as to whether the Pennsylvania Rail­ article: The second test boa.t has also encoun­ road will continue operatin_g or not. BROWNSTONE BR:rNGS FAMILY BAcK TO tered difficulties in its electrical and hY­ The tonnage wluch we bruig into our plant CITY draulic system and "mechanical defects from our private railroad siding ts relatively small (approximately 8,000,000 lbs. per year). (By Elizabeth Parks) in the propulsion transmission." However it is a fact that without the rail­ The old romantic townhouse lQOk in the The next step in the Navy's $500 mil­ road we could not do business in Oonneetl­ 1800's is now Ulldergoing a revival in lion program will be the building of two cut. We bring in a good many raw materials Hoboken. larger-2,200 tons-ships. via truck but this is 18.l"gely due to the tact Hoboken has been called, by an enchanted Frankly, Mr. Speaker, I am fearful that that many of our raw materials are pur­ resident, a city of variety a.nd charm a.nd a the Navy was pushing forward with the chased at a price which includes delivery to good deal o! her charm see~ to emanate building of larger boats in the program our plant; hence the vendor may choose the from a large number of old-fashioned brown­ carrier. Sometimes the vendor uses his own stones built a.round the turn of the 19th cen­ even though all of the technical difficul­ trucks; otherwise a common ca1Tier truck. tury. ties had not been coITected. While I favor However, wherever we can specify to our Brownstones are $ttached rows of city t.11.e development of these super-speedy vendors from whom we buy in carload lots, houses built generally between 1780 and 1820 ships the cost must be kept within rea­ we always specify rail beoa.~e the ra.ll rate Is to replace farmhouses. One recent proud son. At a certain point it is simply foolish so much less than tmck rate. We have our buyer of a. Hoboken brownstone, Mrs. Mau­ to continue to spend money on high risk own two car private siding to accom.m.odate reen Singleton of 928 BlQOmfleld av., calls technology when the payoff in terms of incoming rail car shipments. It is popularly them "the forerunner.;; of traot developl:llent." 30214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 19i3 QUALITY BUILDING rapidly becoming an endangered species Horsing and leaping and rolling through Brownstones were built, however, as Mrs. thanks to the vigor of the coyotes who the waves, the blackflsh spurted puffs of Singleton points out, before mass production graze on our sheep I thought the fol­ vaporous breath as they closed, fascinated, did away with the concept of "quality crafts­ lowing article regarding a heated argu­ on the yellow nylon 1ure of the cod end of manship." Tremont's drag net. They snapped vainly They were also built before such items as ment between two sides of the coyote at this trailing end as it was hauled up the mahogany and marble became an ecological coin. stern ramp, to be ~mptied of its 1000-pound scarcity. The article follows: catch of mixed cod and pollock. "Houses today," says Mrs. Singleton, "aren't SHE MISSED THE POINT ABOUT COYOTE On the bridge, Wilson Spinney, the mat e, built with the kind of care that was lavished PROBLEM watched them through a web of steel cable. on brownstones. A typical brownstone has (By Sam Kindrick) "The poor devils are desperate," he said. floors of oak, teak, or rosewood. "They have John Ross clipped an item from the Sierra '•All the herring's gone. 12-foot corniced ceilings, mantles of deli-· Club Newsletter following a big and heated "They expect to find the herring here when cately carved marble and slate; banisters and meeting in El Paso between ranchmen who they migrate down from the north. But the woodwork of mahogany and walnut and want to exterminate all coyotes, and con­ big seiners, the Russians, the Poles, the Ger­ cherry and chestnut. There are built-in fire­ servationists who want to preserve the small mans, everybody, have taken it all. They·re places and mahogany shutters. The materials wolves. starving." that they used then simply aren't available It's too good to keep. The blackfish followed Tremont all after­ today." One ecology-minded woman at the meet­ noon, sometimes astern, at other times cir­ CHARM OF COMMUNITY ing stood up and suggested that all male cling the boat and later leading the way In addition to the charm of the house it­ coyotes trapped be castrated and then re­ through the long r:wells, following a big bull self, Mrs. Singleton also likes the charm of leased. whale who was tl1e leader. There were sev­ the community the house is situated in. She was answered by a grizzled, old ranch­ eral small calves, not much bigger than por­ "Hoboken," she said, "is a very underrated man who stood up and said: "Lady, you're poises. city." missing the point. Them thar coyotes ain't At sunset, around 7:30 they veered off to According to l\'Irs. Singleton, Hoboken has rapin' our sheep. They're eatin' 'em!" the south, making a pattern of black cres­ the best of two worlds. Only a square mile in This is reminiscent of an Oliphant car­ cents across the red-gold path that led to toon-this one didn't run in the Express­ where the sun met the edge of sea and area, it has all the advantages of a small sky. town with a small town atmosphere plus all which dealt with the fight in Wyoming to the best features of city living combined with preserve the eagle. All around that horizon stood the Russian what Mrs. Singleton calls "urban charm." It showed a dude, rifle in hand, emerging ships, two 7000-ton motherships, tankers, In addition to all that, Hoboken is only a from a helicopter which bore this huge sign: supply ships, seiners and stern trawlers. More "Operation Eagle Kill." than a dozen could be seen easily and 25 mere 10 minutes to midtown Manhattan. appeared on the Tremont's ra-0.ar screen. Before moving to Hoboken three years ago, Standing nearby was a panic-stricken ranchman, for, as he emerged from the chop­ It is imperfectly understood that they have the Singletons and their three children lived every right to be there. In international law, in the suburbs of Lake Shawnee. per, the gunman said: "We finally solved the eagle problem. I shot all the sheep." the waters at the edge of the Continental TmED OF COMMUTING Shelf of North America are open ocean. The Tired of commuting and of what they de­ United States traditionally asserts the prin­ scribe as "the suburban rut," the Singleton ciple of freedom of the seas. European vessels, decided to try city living. legally, have as good a claim to the haddock After looking at brownstones in New York THE NEW ENGLAND FISHERY: AN on Georges Bank, what's left of them, as City and Brooklyn, the Singletons decided on INDUSTRY THAT'S RUNNING OUT boats from Gloucester, New Bedford and Bos­ Hoboken because they found the environ­ OF RAW MATERIALS ton. ment less threatening and more congenial. But unless something is done to curb the Mrs. Singleton considers Hoboken's diver­ relentless fishing pressure imposed mostly sity one of its most winning features. She by the vast, subsidized and magnificently points out that Hoboken is racially and eth­ HON. JAMES A. BURKE equipped fleets of the Soviet Union and nically mixed. Its population includes Puerto OF MASSACHUSETTS other European countries, it is predicted Ricans, Irish, Italians, Yugoslavians, and East · IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with confidence by those who study these Indians. matters that a food resource which has nour­ Hoboken also bas a growing artists and Monday, September 17, 1973 ished the world since before Columbus sailed writers colony which has already produced Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts. Mr. will be destroyed. one hit Broadway musical, "Hair," written Speaker, I wish to commend the follow­ With world demand for protein outracing by two men while they were tenants in a ing article, "The New England Fishery: supply, this is no abstract or theoretical is­ local brownstone. sue. For New England, it bears a dishearten­ In the basement is the kitchen, playroom An Industry That's Running Out of Raw ing message for the long term. and an extra room which the Singletons rent Materials" to the attention of my col­ For seafood, fresh fish, is as integral a part out. leagues. This extremely valuable and of the quality of life here as Concord Bridge "In a brownstone," says Mrs. Singleton, "a worthwhile article, written by one of or the White Mountains. Returning to Sko­ family has room to live without its members the Nation's most outstanding journal­ kie, Pasadena and Shaker Heights, the inhab­ tripping all over each other." ists, David B. Wilson, clearly outlines the itants regale their less fortunate relatives When the Singletons bought their house with tales of the quantities and qualities of severe problems which the New England seafood they have consumed hereabouts. three years ago, they got it for less than fishing industry faces. The problem is $30,000 and invested another $10,000 in New Englanders, no longer required by renovating. easily identified-it is the result of direct habit or conviction to eat fish on Fridays, "If we had done the work ourselves," says and wholesale incursions into our tracli­ are generally unaware that most of the fish Mrs. Singleton, "it would have been less." tional fishing territory by foreign fish­ they eat--one estimate is 95 percent--is im­ Mrs. Singleton still thinks brownstones, ing fleets. The situation has reached crisis ported, the larger proportion of the imports even at today's prices, are one of the best proportions. being from Canada. They also are slow to buys on the market and points out that half recognize that fresh ocean fish, untreated Mr. Wilson, who has thoroughly re­ and unfrozen, is a delicacy, a luxury food. of Hoboken, from Hudson to Willow av., is searched the situation, is firm in his attached brick and stone buildings. The scrod haddock bought from the Tre­ praise for our colleague, GERRY E. STunns. mont at the Fish Pier auction at 20 cents a "As things stand now, though," she adds, "we're reaching the point where there are Representative STUDDs' initiative in in­ pound turns up in supermarkets (if the going to be more buyers than brownstones." troducing forceful and vitally needed chains make the effort to get it) at $2.29 a legislation to save our fishing industry pound. And a piece of codfish worth about It seems the past has more than just a nickel on the dock fetches $3.85 broiled nostalgia in its favor; it has value. clearly demonstrates why he is being con­ downtown as "Boston scrod." sidered as one of the outstanding fresh­ The margins in addition to profit represent man Congressman of the 93d Congress. jobs. capital 11tilization, land values, tax rev­ SHE MISSED THE POINT ABOUT The article follows: enues-in a word, wealth-and many im­ COYOTE PROBLEM THE NEW ENGLAND FISHERY: AN INDUSTRY partial analysts believe that the American THAT'S RUNN:tNG OUT OF RAW MATERIALS fishery, with the exception of small, inshore (By David B. Wilson) boats, is dying for one reason or another. HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS There is virtually unanimous agreement, OF IDAHO Early in the afternoon of last July 24, Eddie however, that unless preciptious trends of Fleming, fisherman, noticed a school of 10 fish depletion are reversed, discussion of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES blackfish, small whales, following the Boston other industry problems will soon become Tuesday, September 18, 1973 stern trawler MV Tremont as the ship moved academic. through the open ocean on the northern edge Carl E. Spinney of Lynnfield, a rangy, ath­ Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, in view of of Georges Bank about 200 miles due east of letic, dectptively mild-mannered man in his the fact that the sheep in Idaho a.re Boston. late 40s, is captain of the Tremont. The mate, September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30215

Wilson Spinney. ls his brother. Their father Hauled a.board after a run, thiS bag, secured Marine biologists fear accelerating declines was a fishing captain. and his father before by a knot like a hangman's noose, can be as the capacities of species to recover are de­ him. In fact, their father chartered his boat opened to release the catch, which pours stroyed by overfishing. to the film company that made the classic through a hydraulically operated deck hatch The haddock story deserves sepa.rate men­ Spencer Tracy-Freddie Bartholomew picture into the holding bins below. tion. Haddock's peak year was 1965. a.s So­ "Captains Courageous" out of Gloucester in There ls an endless fascination to the viet and other European pressure reached its the 1930s. catch. a repetitive climax to the steady fullest expression. The figure was 249,000 tons Sippmg a mug of fresh-brewed coffee on rhythm of setting the drag. slow cruising, in that year and only 49,000 in 1971. the Tremont's bridge, he estimates that 10 hauling back the net and dressing the fish, In Massachusetts' tradition.al fishing years ago, before the Russians and others a. continuous process in summer interrupted grounds of Georges Bank, Brown's Bank and arrived, he could have gotten four times the only by hangups (in Maine, they call them Nantucket Shoals, the story is even worse, fish the boat catches tod2.y, given the same hang-downs) of gear on rocks, pinnaeles and with the haddock catch down from 56,988 vessel and gear. wreckage on the bank 40 fathoms or so be­ tons in 1967 to a mere 6,648, or almost 90 "There a.re whole areas here," he says, low. percent dropoff, in 1972. pointing on a. chart to waters around The Leg In addition to the cod, haddock and pol­ Figures can get tedious. But they are nec­ and Cultivator Shoal on Georges, "where we lack which form the bulk of the catch, there essary convincingly to document the concern could always count on getting haddock. It are squid, mackerel, monkfi.sh, hake. lobsters, of the experts. The numbers must be read was the traditional fishing ground for Boston ocean catfish or wolffish. skate, dogfish, sand in the context of escalating effort-more vessels. Now it's a desert. just an underwater dollars, crabs, flounders and even an occa­ boats, more and more sophisticated gear and desert." sional stray halibut. more men seeking fish. Ten years ago, he says, a captain would not A haul can be worth $1000. Or it can be The concept of maximum sustainable yield consider returning to port with less than worthless, like the 3000 pounds of wriggling, or MYS is crucial here. Richard Hennemuth 100,000 pounds of fish in his holds for an off­ ugly dogfish. (Oddly, dogfish are an esteemed of the National Marine Fisheries Service at shore trip. Now, a 60,000-pound trip is about eating fish in many countries and once Woods Hole defines MYS as "the greatest good-average, and only a scarcity-supported formed 40 percent of the fish in English fish weight of fish on average per species that price makes the voyage worthwhile. and chips. But US vessels discard them.) can be ta.ken annually without depletion of Ashore, this means less fish of poorer qual­ How bad, in fact, is the fish resource ex­ the resource. He finds most disturbing the ity at higher prices and an expanding market haustion off New England? Even allowing estimate that between 1971 and 1972, when for fish trucked in from the Maritime Prov­ for the traditional overtones of "fish story," the fishery experienced a. 25 percent increase inces of Canada, where costs are lower. the answer seems to be: very bad, indeed. in effort, total landed tonnage was almost Landings at Boston's decaying Fish Pier potentially worse than the angry fishermen a. constant. are so sparse these days that it is the supply say it is, and much, much worse than most United States representatives, in ICNAF of Canadian fish rather than the volume of landsmen believe it to be. meetings in Copenhagen and Rome earlier landings from Boston boats that ultimately And the quota agreements of the Interna­ this year, proposed to curtail overfishing determines price. Virtually all of the Boston tional Commission for the Northwest Atlantic either a.lloting ea.ch nation a certain number catch goes to the hotel, restaurant and spe­ Fisheries, the 19-natlon consortium which of vessel-days or a. certain set of species cialty fish market trades. has been attempting to control catch, are quotas. The Europeans balked, and the Amer­ The Tremont, a Federally subsidized vessel due to expire at the end of this year, with icans walked out. built as an experiment three yea.rs a.go, is no alternative regulation clearly in view. There will be an effort in Ottawa in October anything but characteristic of New England's New England fishermen are virtually unan­ to revive the now a.I.most moribund ICNAF weary fishing fleet, an armada of rust and imous in support of the Studds-Magnuson quotas, but United States interests are pes­ rot demoralized and outclassed by the Bill, filed by US Rep. Gerry Studds (D-Mass.) simistic. Russians. and US Sen. Warren G. Magnuson (D-Wash.). The anticipated breakdown could bring in Tremont is big for an American trawler, which would have the United States declare 1974 what the marine biologists fear most-­ 130 feet long, 811 tons, drawing 15 feet, with unilaterally a 200-mlle limit and take over an accelerated, unmonitored a.nd unrestricted capacity-never yet utilized-to store 360,000 and manage the fishery for maxim.um sus­ free-for-all among fishing nations to grab off as much fish as they can before the other pounds of fresh iced fish in her holds. A tainable yield. 1200-horsepower General Motors diesel drives This radical departure from traditional boats do. her at a cruising speed of 12 knots. policy might severely damage the climate And in such a scram.ble, everybody would Galley and mess are separate rooms, which of detente between the United States and lose in the long run. In the short run, the makes extra steps for Cook Arthur Doyle of the Soviet Union. It also would collide with United States, which has the greatest na­ Milton, but which will be recognized as Great Britain's interest in the Icelandic cod tional interest at stake. would be the most severe loser, for this country simply does luxury by anybody familiar with the ameni­ fishery and the interests o! United States ties of the average dragger, where a half­ tuna and shrimp boats which ply coastal not have the men or the boats or the gear to dozen berths, dining table, stove, lee chest waters off Latin America. compete. and food and gear lockers are all jammed But. given the official ICNAF figure (which Not a. bitter man, John N. Fulham, Jr.• who together in a foc's'l head smaller than the American fishermen damn as wholly unre­ with his brother Thomas owns the Tremont a.nd her sister ship, the Old Colony, is bitter average onshore kitchen. liable). the alternative seems to be no fish Bunks forward are in staterooms and two for anybody within a few years. about ICNAF's performance to date, calling deep instead of the usual four, a.nd there a.re In 1954, when the fishery from Greenland the com.mission "a cynical mask !or the Eu­ ropeans to wear while they are beating the flush toilets and hot, fresh-water showers. south to New Jersey was dominated by Can­ The tanks and tubs in the after compart­ ada and the United States. the catch totaled bell out of us." ments, where fish a.re eviscerated and rough­ 1,846,000 metric tons. "The Romanians, Poles and Russians took dressed. as soon as they a.re caught, a.re By 1968, the peak year, this figure had 400,000 tons of :mackerel last yea.r among gleaming stainless steel, with pressurized risen to 3,906,000 metric tons, or more than them and expect to do the same in 1973 and fresh and salt-water plumbing. A motorized 100 percent. But the United States share. for 1974. and they insist the resource is not endless belt moves the cleaned fish to holds a variety of reasons, had declined from 513,- being depleted," he rela.t.es. "This. in the amidships for ice-down. 000 tons to 307,000 tons, a factoi· of about opinion of American fisherm~ is the bunk." Tremont's bridge is more like that of a 40 percent. Three years later, the US catch At 3 o'clock in the morning, Tremont -yacht or Nava.I vessel than the bridge of a wa.s down to 259,000 tons, less than a third moves through thick, swirling fog which al­ fishing boat. She carries two radars, digitally of the Soviet Union's 902,000 tons. most obscures the floodlighted deck below expressed loran, two pen-track fish-finder More significant than national compari­ the wheelhouse. The ship's contact with the sonars a.nd electronic equipment to guide sons, from the point of view of the resource, rest of the world is the electronic radar pulse a new $20,000 mid-water trawl net with which however, 1s the decline in total catch in the that spots some 25 other vessels. Russians she hopes to catch herring-if the Russians north west Atlantic since 1968, despite con­ from the pattern, spread out across the sea ha.ve left any out there. tinually intenstifying fishing pressure. This dead ahead, and the sonar pen which traces She also carries two conventional dragnets figure dropped almost 25 percent, from the the outline of the bottom 40 fathoms down. of synthetic fiber, towed over the stern on above-mentioned 3,906,000 to 3,280.000 metric At the wheel, Wilson Spinney follows the inch-thick steel cables called "wires." While tons. curve of the northern edge of Georges Bank one is being fished, the other is constantly This news is as bad or worse !or the hungry as traced by the flying pen on the sonar pap­ being repaired. and inflation-plagued people of Europe as it er. When black dots a.ppea..r above the outline The dragnet is the classic weapon of the is for the fishermen of New Bedford. of the bottom, schools o:f fish are indicated. trade, 160 feet long, almost half as wide at The statistics by species are perhaps even A mental calculation relating time spent its mouth, towed at low speed over the ocean more disturbing. The peak catch of cod.fish trawling to density of fish sign on the sonar floor, its bottom held down by heavy rollei.'S, ca.me in 1968 with 1,861,000 metric tons, determines when the trawl net ls hauled. its top held up by galvanized. meta.I fl.oats along with 922,000 of herring, particularly But on this dog watch, there is time for and its edges stretched Wide by steel-bound, prized in Russia and Scandinavia. Three reminiscence and re:flection, and Wilson re­ oaken "doors." yea.rs later, the cod fishery was virtually calls Depression days of fishing under sail As the net moves along the bottom, every­ cut in half, down to 1,055,000 tons and the out of Rockland, Me.• Lunenberg. N.S. and thing in its path is swept in and back into her.ring catch was off 22 percent, down to St. John's Nfld. Fishermen have a kind of the bag In its tall, called the "cod end." 705,000. dual cltizenship--one on land and one at 30216 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 sea. Arthur Doyle, the .cook, start ed out 50 cal turn of mind, a. taste for reading or an is $490.55, but that is before deductions, years ago as a sealer in Newfoundland and interest in natural phenomena can find a. withholding and social security. has put four children through college with comfortable place on board. It doesn't sound bad for a week's work, un, the money he earned as a fisherman. The Peak of Georges Bank is too far out tll you realize that the week is 84 hours, In a job for which there are no educational for harbor gulls. The cloud of seafowl that straight time, so to speak, for seven days un..: requirements, fishermen make good money, followed Tremont was mostly shearwa.ters, interrupted by a weekend or the sight of a but they make it the hard way. Tremont's which the fishermen call "hags," and Wilson's woman's face. A man can do better at con­ 10-man crew is divided into two watches. petrels, which they call Cary (Mother Carey's) struction with less risk, and his children get Each works six hours on, six off, for a 12-hour chickens. a chance to see him once in a while. day. At sea, there are no weekends or holi­ These latter are a small blackish bird with And yet they keep going back, drawn by days. a white spot at the base of the tail and something older than civilization itself, A fisherman gets no medical insurance tiny webbed feet, about the size of a fat something mysteriously insusceptible to de­ worth the name and no paid vacation. More English sparrow. They spend their entire scription in words. And the food, the good important, he must live apart from the com­ lives after hatch at sea, and when they are food, keeps coming in from the sea. forts of home, the company of women, the blown aboard a trawler, they literally do not The question now is: How long ls it going color television, the local barroom, the shops know how to take off from a hard surface. to be there? And the answer, tragically, is and games and pleasantries of onshore life. The fishermen pick them up and free them that unless the United States acts soon to And the job is hard and dangerous. A flying with a toss toward the sky. protect it, which ls unlikely, there will be no 30-pound steel hook a.t the end of a line can A haddock is a silversided fish with a dark New England offshore fishery for anybody. fracture a skull, a loop of line can break lateral stripe and a small mark, the size of a leg or carry a man overboard. Dressing the a thumbprint, just behind the gills. fish is hard muscular, doublehanded physical "The devil caught the haddock once long labor in stl~ing oilskins and gloves-grab ago," says Francis Ryan, who almost believes a 20-pound codfish from the pile, one stroke it, "and left his mark, the thumbprint. But FUEL OIL EXPORTS of the knife across the throat. out with the the haddock got away." gills, then down the belly to spill out the There is a grave question whether the had­ innards, hundreds and hundreds of times un­ dock can wriggle free from the devil of her­ HON. LES ASPIN til a ton of fish is dressed. ring seines and whiting nets and floating OF WISCONSIN Nick Cucuru, whose family name in Glou­ canneries and fishmeal factories and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cester is to fishing what Adams ls to states­ pulse fishing that sends a couple of dozen manship and Lowell to banking in Boston, Russian boats across the water to decimate an Tuesday, September 18, 1973 is a master at this. entire school of fish. Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, despite an Built like a baby bull, he carries aboard John Fulham says the Tremont lost $55,- approaching major fuel crisis, some u.s·. memories of lugging a 4.2 mortar tube around 000 last year and the sister ship Old Colony oil companies are exporting hundreds of Hue for the 82nd Airborne in 1968, and he lost $75,000. Each cost about $1 million handles the fish and the knife the way some to build and flt out, and ought to earn $100,- thousands of barrels of refined fuel oil to people handle a typewriter. Busy purposeful 000 a year to justify the investment in this Europe. strokes and the job ls neatly done. high-risk business. These exports are an incredible dis­ The worst hazard on deck in decent weath­ But the demand for fish is rising, powered service to the average American con­ er ls the possibility of a cable break. The by the shortage of fish itself, the meat scar­ sumer and must be halted immediately: weight of the boat lunging against the drag city and an increasingly sophisticated public The American consumers are sick and of the net puts incredible tension on the taste. And there is hope for new fisheries, the tired ·of being the oil companies' sucker steel cables that haul in the fish. And when herring, mackerel and redfish are becoming while oil profits soar. · a cable lets go, it lashes across a deck like increasingly desirable, and even dogfish, skate a murderous whip with a force to take a and squid present marketing opportunities. News of the large exports is contained man's head or arm off. All, however, depend on preservation of those in the Oil Buyer's Guide dated Septem­ Working the cod end, the fisherman stands delicate balances of nature which have for ber i7, 1973. The industry trade news7 at the edge of the stern ramp, which pitches centuries been producing a no-longer-inex­ letter calls the exports "a most 1U1usual at a 35-degree angle down to the sea. Tre­ haustible supply of good food off New Eng­ move." . . mont was built to fl.sh the year around, in land. · "At least four or five cargoes of do.:. any weather short of a hurricane, and the In the pre-dawn darkness of Thursday, mestically produced No. 2 fuel oil have fisherman must combine the grace and July 26, Tremont, with 65,200 pounds of agility of a ballet dancer with the nerve been sold to European markets for ship­ fl.sh in her holds, headed into the Boston ment from the United States to North­ of a high-wire aerialist to survive. Fish Pier. Why do they do it? It ls impossible really There was a waning moon, just a silver, west European ports," according to ·the to know, from a week on board in fine ducking among the spars and cranes over her Oil Buyer's Guide. weather. The money ls a part of it, and the wake, and a blush of dawn above and below These oil companies are receiving freedom to work or not work or change boats. the horizon to the southeast. higher prices by shipping their fuel to Nobody pushes a fisherman around. There Coming into Boston at such a time, the Europe which amount to nothing less are few forms to fill out and nobody to first landward signs are the lights, Boston, than windfall profits. · placate. The Graves, Deer· Island and Minot's off I am calling today upon the Federal "We are a family," Nick said once, looking Scituate, each with a characteristic signal, Trade Commission to investigate these around the mess at Frank Ryan and Ken beckoning and warning. Bradbury of Dorchester and Engineer Ord­ Then there are the low outlines of the exports which are occurring while a crit­ way Duncan of Gloucester. harbor islands, lonely and wasted, and finally, ical shortage approaches. It is true. A fishing boat has community beyond, the towers of Boston, seeming to It is my understanding that most of of interest, and those aboard her get to know rise over the horizon out of the sea itself, a these exporters are independent refiners: each other pretty well. If you don't fit in, great and exciting city asserting its profile at They claim that the cWTent phase 4 you move on, to another boat or to a job on the margin of land. rules for gasoline and fuel oil forced them land. In seven days on Georges, The Tremont to begin exporting their products. The food, which the crew pays for, is had seen only four other American boats. merely great. One trawler breakfast during According to the regulations, fuel oil In one over flight earlier this year, the Coast prices are frozen at the May 15 level with -(fu.e week this writer was aboard offered Guard counted 312 foreign vessels from 17 orange juice, choice of cantaloupe or honey­ nations. In the seven days, Tremont had sel­ an allowance for increases because of dew melon, dry cereal and oatmeal, blue­ dom been out of visual range of a Russian higher crude oil prices. Obviously th~ berry muffins, toast, bacon, sausage and fried boat. phase 4 rules do not apply to export bologna, eggs and pancakes with syrup. Un­ There are few young men around the Fish products. . less you are working hard, a trawler is a poor Pier. At 6:30 a.m. there a.re few young men I am calling today upon the Cost of place to lose weight. . around anywhere ·in the United States. The Living Council to rebut the inde.. But above all these things in the continu­ fish is sold on landing at auction in the old ing interest of the fishing itself. It is not pendent's charges that the rules are unlike golf, where even the duffer has a Fish Exchange building on the end of the forcing them to export fuel oil. If they dock, and the haddock, the key price, goes for chance at a hole-in-one, and the hope of one cannot refute these charges, then the good iron shot keeps him marching along 40 cents a pound, down from the 70 cents rules should be changed to prevent the past blown three-foot putts, divots, hooks pa.id two weeks before, the crew's hope of export of' fuel ·oil during a crisis. · and slices. striking it rich. The seven days fishing grosses-the trade As some of my colleagues may know, I Some trips are useless, get ting little or no have sponsored legislation which would fish. But there is always the chance of a word is "stocks"-a.total of $12,229, and the good catch coincident with a favorable price, "lay," the split, is $6400 for the crew and prohibit all petroleum exports, including which means a bundle of cash on the pier. $4900 for the boat and owners, after deduct­ fuel oil exports, during the c1u-rent short­ And a man with a reflect ive or philosophi- ing certain expenses. Each fisherman's share age. But the passage of this bill is not September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30217 necessary. President Nixon has the to distribute them and to prey on the misery encounter with police over drugs or crimes authority today to clamp down export. and degradation of others, many times result­ against property. The vast majority of those ing in utter tragedy for the victim. We have arrested abused either heroin, cocaine, or I hope that President Nixon will pro­ testimony that estimates conservatively marijuana. Most drug rings were comprised hibit the export of fuel oils until the cur­ thirty-six milUon dollars as the annual ex­ of individuals of the same race or who rent crisis ceases. Exporting during the penditure by addicts for heroin in Atlanta. sh~red a similar background or life style. shortage only increases p1ices, hurts the It may cost an addict between $40 and $200 The notion of a "family" organization popu­ economy, and ultimately gouges the con­ a da.y to support his habit. While addicted larized by current literature on the "Mafia" sumer. or under the influence of drugs, few are able is emulated to some degree by many drug to hold down a job; therefore, he has to re­ rings here. sort to crime to pay for his habit. This At the vresent time it is estimated that SPECIAL GRAND JURY REPORT ON basically is the reason for the increased there are from five to seven people in Atlanta HEROIN TRAFFICKING AND DRUG crime rate we are and have been experienc­ who regularly tra.ffick in heroin who might be ADDICTION ing. Among the crimes most often cited is able to obtain, pay for, and efficiently dis­ that selling drugs; however, robbery, bur­ tribute heroin in kilo quantities. (A kilo is glary, and other crimes against property are 2.2 pounds. In 50% purity, it might sell for HON. JOHN J. FLYNT, JR. committed when the addict needs his money. $20,000-$25,000.) Evidence indicated that The problem of addicts selling heroin to sup­ these five to seven traffickers seldom partici­ OF GEORGIA port their need creates the dilemma. of ad­ pate in such a large transaction. When they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES diction breeding addiction a.nd the resulting do, often they are purchasing the amount Tuesday, September 18, 1973 pyramiding of crime and drug abuse. This the for themselves and for others. community cannot withstand; inevitably we More typically the Atlanta trafficker pur­ Mr. FLYNT. Mr. Speaker, on June 8, will become a nation dominated by criminals chases heroin in multi-ounce quantities. The 1972, the U.S. District Court for the and addicts if this spirial ls allowed to con­ larger dealers will then retain all or most Northern District of Georgia empaneled tinue. to be cut and bagged for sale by his pusher a special Federal grand jury to investi­ It is obvious from the testimony that some organization but will sometimes sell off the gate organized heroin trafficking in At­ youth in our schools are using hard drugs remainder in packages typically weighing and that it is readily available to them. They from one to two ounces. Generally, however, lanta and North Georgia. After serving a.re confronted with some type of abusable even the larger dealers in the area do not continuously for a period of 1 year, re­ drug on almost a daily basis. We do not go so resell heroin in bulk form but instead sell turning more than 90 indictments on far as to say that all schools in northern it already packaged for the street. more than 200 defendants and hearing Georgia have a. drug·problem; however, we do The person with the connection cuts the from some 242 witnesses regarding the say that the extent of the use in schools at purity of the heroin by adding quinine, drug epidemic and treatment of addicts, both the lower and high school levels is lactose, and procaine. He and/or others then the special grand jury rendered its re­ alarming and should be dealt with by re­ package the heroin for the street by putting sponsible school officials, firstly by realizing a very small amount into a glassine bag and port to the court on June 26, 1973. that drug problems do exist in their insti­ then, the bags are bundled into lots of 15 As we seek to find solutions to the tutions, followed by the implementation of called "half-loads." The dealer then begins drug problem, wisdom dictates that we realistic approaches to the problem, instead to supply his street pushers by dropping seek and carefully consider the advice of of the present "lip service" treatment that is off two to twenty "half-loads." The pusher those who have studied the problem and being given. Secondly, the initiation of an will sell these for about $65 ea.ch or at the are most intimately aware of all of its effective liaison with local police, school de­ rate of about $7 per bag. In turn, he repays ramifications. The conclusions and rec­ tectives, and in particular, narcotic agents, the dealer at from $45-$55 per "half-load" ommendations of the men and women is needed to effectively cope with this prob­ and is then resupplied. Often half-loads sold lem. If the epidemic of drugs in our schools on the street are broken into bags by the who served on this grand jury are most continues unchecked, then almost surely the user who sells a portion to finance his habit. interesting and informative and, I be­ foundation of our society, the youth, will The risk in the drug business is high. lieve, are worthy of careful attention crumble altogether. Seizures by law enforcement officials, rob­ from all Members of Congress. There­ There are estimates of from 10 to 12 large bery of dealers by addicts, uncollectible fore, I submit the following special grand suppliers of heroin in Atlanta, ea.ch with his debts, and the purchase of bogus drugs jury report to my colleagues for their lieutenants and his innumerable street ("turkey" or "rip-off") change the fortunes consideration: pushers. These drug merchants do not seem of dope peddlers quickly. Also many, in­ to be controlled by any single organization cluding some of the major ones, will sell GRAND JURY REPORT but rather the control comes with a. loosely small as well as large quantities. For thes<; The Special United States Federal Grand configura.ted nexus of people seeking mone­ reasons, no one can determine the scope of a Jury was empanelled by order of the United tary gain. dealer's pa.st or present operations or future States District Court for the Northern Dis­ No evidence was received which indicated potential based solely on the amount of trict of Georgia. on June 8, 1972, and has the presence of a.ny traditional organized heroin he sold or possessed on one given served continuously for a. period of one year. crime "family" opera.ting drug rings in At­ occasion. The purpose of this Grand Jury, with the lanta. Evidence showed that at lea.st two At­ In addition to the infrequent kilo transac­ assistance of the Office for Drug Abuse Law lanta. drug dealers contacted individuals who tions involving Atlanta. dealers cited above, Enforcement, U.S. Department of Justice, are believed to be associated with one of the evidence showed that a number of other was to investigate organized heroin traffic in "families" in New York on several occasions. transactions involving substantial quantities the Northern District ot Georgia.. During our More typically, however, the out-of-town of heroin were consummated in Atlanta for tenure, we have returned more than 90 in­ source tended to be ethnically Afro-Ameri­ distribution in other cities. Further, the evi­ dictments for sale or possession of heroin or can or, occasionally, Spanish American. dence showed that suspected members of two ether ha.rd drugs on more than 200 defend­ Further, the major Atlanta. dealers appeared of the country's largest black drug rings reg­ ants. We have indicted the higher echelon to have and use a number of out-of-town ularly come to Atlanta. Several own . expen­ traffickers for Federal tax violations, per­ connections depending on who was "up" at sive homes, other property, or legitimate bus­ jury, and other unlawful acts we found that the time drugs were needed. Usually the con­ inesses here. they committed. In conjunction with our de­ nections were located in New York, Los An­ The attraction of Atlanta to the black cisions on these indictments, we also had geles, Detroit, or Miami. racketeer from the large Northeastern cities the function of being an investigatory body Many popular conceptions of drug sellers is an interesting phenomenom. Many of this and heard from some 242 witnesses regard­ were found not applicable a"= least to Atlanta. set of underworld figures come to the city ing heroin traffic and treatment of addicts. traffickers. The age and racial composition of regularly either for pleasure or to "lay-low." In our efforts to understand the drug mar­ individuals arrested by DALE Agents is Some felt that many of these individuals' ket and traffic in northern Georgia, we have shown below: first introductions to the social life of At­ heard testimony from many police, medical lanta came at the time of the Clay-Quarry and legal professionals, as well as individuals fight in 1970. Others, while products of Percent of Northern ghettos, have Southern roots and related via criminal activity, taken tours of those Average age treatment facilities, and become what we arrested (years) thus family and friends in the area. consider a well-informed body with regard While most of the heroin traffic in Atlanta to the drug problem. From the testimony of was controlled by confederations of blacks, Negro males ______53 28.3 these witnesses and our observations, we White males ______29 23.4 some substantial white dealers were found. formed the basis for this, our Grand Jury Negro females ______11 27.0 These usually have connections either in the Report. White females ______7 23.5 Cuban community of Miami or in Southeast ' Evidence seen and heard has clearly dem­ Asia. onstrated that heroin and other ha.rd drugs Most had at lea.st high school degrees and Access to cocaine connections by local are readily available to our community. The many, including several of the major dealers, dealers is about evenly divided among the illegal drug business, being a lucrative ven­ had no previous criminal record. Those with races. This area is considered to be one of ture, spurs greedy and ruthless individuals ~rrest records usually had their previous the nation's supply points for amphetamines 30218 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 and hallucinogens and ls on a major supply tive to "stay straight., while receiving the rehabilitation of the addicted individual route !or marijuana. The traffic in these treatment. Some addicts were heard to com­ which hopefully would lead to his eventual drugs is dominated by whites of either the plain of the lack of effectiveness of coun­ restoration as a self-sustaining member of "hippie" or "bootlegger" life styles. selors. The combined programs did not seem society, a virtually unattainable goal as long A considerable body of evidence existed to be able to attract and retain more than as he is drug-dependent, (2) to remove the to the effect that many lottery men in the 15-25 percent of the estimated addict popu­ addict from the community where his pres­ area were financing a pa.rt of the heroin lation in Atlanta. ence is a menace to society as a source of traffic and that some with a record or repu­ We heard from a number of witnesses from contamination to others, (3) to halt 'the tation !or bootlegging were directing their the treatment area both a year ago and re­ criminal acts of addicts against innocent energies and resources toward heroin and/or cently ~egarding success rates and projected members of the community, and (4) to halt mariiuana and amphetamines. success rates. The most optimistic projection the profitable drug traffic by eliminating the The obvious insult to law enforcement which we heard for addicts remaining drug narcotics consumer. personnel and to the general population i& free after being out of treatment for five. To implement tbe registration and com­ the dispensing of drugs by street peddlers. years was one in three. One program stated mitment programs recommended by this This ls often seen by the ordinary citizen that of 300 addicts they had seen in the past Jury would require extensive expansion of who cannot understand why or how these in­ two years, only 36 completed or remained in the already established treatment centers. A dlviuuals can operate. We have found in the the last stage of their program. Their high­ coordinated treatment program for use by vast majority of cases that this availability est success rate has been with drug users all agencies, whether city, county, state, or of drugs ls not due to the lack of diligence who are under court order to detoxify, a fact Federal, is what is envisioned. Referral for or integrity of law enforcement officers but which reenforces this Jury's belief that man­ treatment of all known addicts should be more often to the lack of sufficient numbers datory commitment is the most effective mandatory for all agencies, whether govern­ of unrecognizable narcotic und~cover means to overcome the overwhelming drug ment or private. agents and the extensive block communica­ problem. Whenever possible the program should be tion system of the street pusher. We have With virtually every witness from the carried out in cooperation with the addict's observed that when a new, experienced un­ treatment area, the statement was made that personal physician. Also, parents and other dercover agent, unknown in the community, the largest source of treatable patients was family members should be involved in the attempts to obtain drugs on the street, while diversions from the criminal justice system. program, particularly as regard to the fol­ making his case he finds virtually no barriers Only these patients, it was said, have suf­ low-up counseling, which is an integral and and can move among drug traffickers with ficient motivation or compulsion to fully take most important aspect of the overall treat­ relative ease. Therefore, it is highly recom­ advantage of the treatment program. ment. The objective of the counseling would mended that new and additional funds be We are persuaded that addiction ls spread be to help the former addict reorient his made available to recruit and support these by those already addicted. We do not believe goals and life style toward worthwhile recrea­ undercover agents who have proven the most that the success of present treatment meth­ tional, cultural, religious, and service op­ effective means of apprehending street push­ ods is at all acceptable. These do not per­ portunities. He must establish a sense of ers. We feel that the city and county govern­ ceivably reduce the number of addicts within worth. Once the treatment program has been ments have not funded their narcotic squads the population at large. For this reason we successfully completed and the individual adequately in the past. feel that more direct measures should be is found to have remained drug free for an Recent testimony before our Grand Jury taken at every level of government, either to extended perlOd of time, the individual's by former addict inmates revealed that nar­ furnish sufficient motivation for the addict record should be classified so that it will not cotic drugs are as available in the city and to detoxify and remain drug free or, in the jeopardize his future opportunities and wel­ county jails and sts.te prisons as on our alternative, to remove the unreclaimed ad­ fare. streets. This fact seems almost inconceivable dicts from the society which he preys upon Treatment faclllt,ies (both inpatient and since prisoners live and work in somewhat of and contaminates. outpatient) should be established geographi­ a. closed and controlled environment. These It is to this end that we propose the follow­ cally in such a pattern that no community witnosses explained that sophisticated supply ing system. This suggested approach is felt would be at too great a. distance to make channels exist between visitors, prison per­ to be sufficiently stringent to greatly reduce use of a center for follow-up treatment. sonnel, and ultimately the inmates them­ the demand for drugs and proportionately Statistics indicate that qetween 50-80 per­ selves. The Grand Jury, therefore, implores the addict-associated criminal activity. cent of persons arrested on felony charges penal authorities to implement new and more We would require registration of narcotic show drugs in their systems when given a stringent screening methods of its own per­ addicts. We have categorized registration as urine test. Therefore, the programs to identi­ sonnel, prison supply contractors, and visit­ either voluntary or involuntary and have fy and treat addicts in jails and prisons must ors to prevent further abuse. affixed different approaches to each. Under be accelerated. This Jury recommends that Because the drug traffic exists only where voluntary registration. all felon arrestees be given urine analysis there ls a demand by addicts, we directed in­ (a) All registrants would be given a 90- tests to detect possible drug use and, when quiry into what was being done to treat those day opportunity to withdraw from addiction results are positive, immediate withdrawal with a habit. in a supervised environment via methadone should take place. When the heroin epidemic became nation­ detoxification, or if he chooses, without med­ This Jury does not advocate heroin main­ wide, the State of Georgia. was in the fore­ ication; tenance by distribution of free heroin on any front in adopting and rapidly making avail­ (b) The withdrawal, whether it be with or basis. Such a. program ( 1) does not alleviate able accepted forms of treatment for addicts without medication. would begin immedi­ the problem of addiction, (2) offers no re­ here. These included the dispensing of ately; habilitation or hope for the addict to become methadone to maintain but stabilize the (c) Jointly funded, State operated treat­ free from the slavery of drug dependency, habit of the addict e.nd methadone detoxlfl.­ ment programs would be responsible for fol­ (3) does not give promise of fewer addicts cation, a gradual medicated withdrawal. low-up counseling and examination of each in the future, since addicts breed addicts, Methadone, a synthetic narcotic, is admin­ registrant over a two-year period; and (4) has met with very limited success in istered daily on an outpatient basis. Also, (d) Entire voluntary withdrawal might be other countries where the addiction problem therapeutic communities were supported on an outpatient basis unless the registrant is less widespread and the number of addicts where addicts who have been quickly detoxi­ desires or needs inpatient treatment. much smaller than in the United States, and fied live for many months as they try to The involuntary aspect ls for those users ( 5) is impossible to administer without abuse. change their life style. or addicts who do not abide by the registra­ This Jury believes that the most humane ap­ These programs have helped many people tion requirement or who after having volun­ proach to the problem, commensurate with considerably. Further, while many of the tarily registered continue to use heroin. protection of society, is withdrawal. The dan­ patients have not cea.soo to use heroin while (a) Heroin users who fail to register would ger to the addict is minimal, and certainly receiving methadone, the availability of the be forced to withdraw without medication not nearly as great as the danger of death "legal fix" has no doubt k~pt some from com­ within a thirty-day period of time to be fol­ from overdosage or from disease contracted mitting a crime when heroin became scarce lowed by not less than 11 months confine­ by drug use related causes. In addition, the or expensive. ment to an institution having treatment fa­ menace to society from the free movement With some reservation we feel that the cilities. of addicts among others, especially our commitment of state, local, and Federal funds (b) Heroin users who voluntarily regis­ youth, make it essential that he be either for the bric.ks, mortar, and hardware of treat­ tered were treated and subsequently became isolated or withdrawn from his habit. ment facilities was sufficient and that the addicted after detoxification would be treat­ In conjunction with our concept of regis­ performance o! the staff was acceptable, con­ ed as a first offender non-registrant as in tration, we are of the opinion that the only sidering the treatment methods which were above. effective deterrent for drug offenders who adopted. Some problems were noted. (c) Second offender non-registrants would possess or distribute heroin is to deal with The treatment centers seemed to become be subjected to a thirty-day non-medicated them as harshly and sternly as good con­ meeting points for ms.ny who wish to ex­ withdrawal to be followed by imprisonment science allows. If the penalties we recommend change information about the source of for at least three years but not more than are enacted into law by our €ongress on a drugs. Many participants seemed to continue five; non-parolable basis, we feel that individuals to abuse heroin a.nd other drugs and were ( d) All involuntary class violators would will think twice before they attempt to as­ either not dropped from the rolls or easily be treated on an inpatient basis. sociate with the drug culture. Therefore, we and quickly readmitted after a "binge." Sanc­ The objectives of the foregoing recom­ urge our elected officials to adopt the follow­ tions were not effectively used to give incen- mendation are principally (1) to attempt ing recommendations: September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30219 (a) Heroin possession for first offenders ants serve at least one-third of their sen­ by and enforcing the laws we have caused to will result in imprisonment for at least two tence before they were eligible to apply for be put on the books. We must report all years but no more than 15 years; parole. The Vietnam veteran did serve the evidence we have of the commission of crimes (b) Heroin possession for second offenders mandatory one-third requirement. However, and stand willing to publicly accuse the law­ will result in imprisonment for at least 10 the twenty year old youth was granted a.n breaker. We must make certain that all have years but no more than 25 years; exception and given an early release some six the facts about drugs and the consequences ( c) Heroin distribution for first offenders months prior to his normal eligib111ty date. of their abuse. There is in short much that will result in imprisonment for at least five The basic reason given for this release was individual citizens and religious and service years but no more than 25 years plus a fine that the sentence handed down by the Court groups in the private sector can do to achieve of at least $1,000 but no more than $100,000. was excessive although it did not appear to the goal of a drug-free society. ( d) Heroin distribution for second offend­ us to be. The exception was granted in the We urge all in the public sector, whether ers will result in imprisonment for life and a face of opposition by the Fulton County Dis­ part of executive, legislative, or the judicial fine of at least $5,000 but no more than trict Attorney and without full Board con­ branches of government, to take a firm, no­ $1,000,000. sideration or vote on the matter. nonsense approach to wiping out drug abuse. Distribution violations will include manu­ Testimony by the Board member who ini­ We have heard much from social theorists facturing, dispensing, or possession with the tiated the procedures which led to the early about rehabilitation of criminals, treatment intent to distribute, manufacture, or dis­ release action indicated that prior to voting of addicts, and the necessity of many social pense. The business of dealing drugs does not on the early release, he had conversations programs to improve the quality of life. To deserve to be lightly treated. It is the opinion with the youth's father regarding property effect these programs the taxpayers have of this Grand Jury that they be held in non­ in which the Board member owned an inter­ spent billions of dollars. We are largely un­ parolable status. est. The Board member indicated that he impressed with what has been accomplished We, the Grand Jury, have chosen a wide wanted the father, a real estate broker, to by all of this. The failure has not come range of imprisonment in order to give the buy or develop the property. The Board mem­ from the lack of commitment by those in court great latitude in penalizing individuals ber even sent the father a plat of the land rehabilitation, treatment, and other social so that matters such as previous criminal prior to the vote. The Board member stated agencies. The shortcoming is in the state of record, amount of drugs involved, and a per­ that he had not solicited this from other the art of social planning. son's stability may be taken into account. brokers. When asked if he considered this a Until the theorist can show better results, The mandatory minimum insures that all conflict of interest when considering the the nation, if it wants to do away with drug violators will obtain similar penalties regard­ grant of an early release on the youth, the abuse absolutely, must deal in absolutes. less of their social standing or variance in Board member replied in the negative. The People who sell drugs must absolutely go to philosophies within the judiciary. We have Grand Jury disagrees with that sort of action jail for a long time. People who a.re unre­ also recommended a very harsh punishment by public officials, especially those having claimed addicts or chronic abusers must be for second offender crimes since obviously power commensurate with that of the State absolutely removed from society. This ap­ that person has not learned by his past mis­ Board of Pardons and Parole. We feel it nec­ proach, we believe, will end the drug epi­ takes. Likewise, we included a wide range of essary that they conduct themselves in a. demic in this country. fines for violators so that individuals who are manner so as to not compromise their de­ wealthy as a result of their drug involvement cisions. wlll be forced to return their wealth to so­ A Constitutional referendum in November ciety. of 1972 granted the Georgia General Assem­ RESULTS OF QUESTIONN... \ffiE PUB­ Presently the sentences handed out seem bly the power to enact new procedures for LISHED IN SPECIAL REPORT too short to us. Of the 59 defendants we have the State Board of Pardons and Parole. This indicted, who have been sentenced for in­ the General Assembly did in March of this volvement with heroin and cocaine, the aver­ year resulting in the present rules and regu­ HON. H. JOHN HEINZ III age has received a sentence of approximately lations of the State Board of Pardons and three years. Today, the criminal knows that Paroles calling for a five-member Board and OF PENNSYLVANIA he has the possibility of receiving a very light the vote of all Board members on all early IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES sentence. Therefore, the deterrent effect of releases. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 law enforcement is diminished greatly. We are encouraged to believe that the In our investigatory capacity and pursuant drug epidemic in this country can be Mr. HEINZ. Mr. Speaker, I recently to our authority to investigate the activities brought under control and that drug abuse mailed my second annual questionnaire of appointed public officials, a matter con­ can be largely eliminated. To accomplish to my constituents in the 18th District cerning the Georgia State Board of Pardons this does require a multipronged attack, and Paroles' grant of an early release of a. however. of PeIU1Sylvania. Over 22,000 responses drug offender from the sentence handed At the heart of the matter lies the ignor­ have been received and tabulated, and down by the Fulton County Superior Court ance, apathy, and morality of the general these results have been published this was considered. The case involved the dis­ public. The strong fundamental creeds have month in a special report to my con­ tribution of $18,000.00 worth of heroin by largely been forgotten, abandoned, or made stituents. two individuals who were convicted. One de­ unpopular. One generation trades off pills In the hopes that this information fendant, a Vietnam veteran, came from a for principle and the Almighty for alcohol, might be of value to my colleagues, this relatively modest background and the other, and another follows the lead and simply en­ a twenty year old youth, was the son of a deavors to find other drugs to give them special report is herewith reprinted: successful Atlanta. real estate broker. Both tranquility or excitement. Older people DEAR FRIEND: I recently asked constituents were sentenced to five years' imprisonment. "don't want to get involved" and even de­ to share their opinions on the vital issues In Georgia, persons serving felony sen­ cent young people will not reveal the iden­ facing us by answering my second annual tences of less than twenty-one years are tity of drug sellers among them. questionnaire which was malled to every normally eligible for parole consideration We must a.gain have a country where men household in the 18th District. The results after nine months service or at the expira­ live by the principles they preach and thus have been tabulated and the breakdown of tion of one-third of their sentence, whichever validate these guidelines to the young by responses to the questions printed here for is greater. The five year sentence in the above their own example. we, as citizens, must your information. Figures represent percent­ case would have required that both defend• again accept our responsibillty for abiding ages.

Un­ Un- Yes No decided Yes No decided

5. Would you pay more for products and services if they could be 1. Whici)ernf,~ di~!rne~l!~f!aa~~~~~~~I~ n3:~- ~~i~~~?------7 ------made virtually pollution free?_------55 31 14 (b) Let fuel prices rise or fall by lessening government 6. Do you favor funding for programs providing day care for chil- regulations ___ ------· ___ ------18 ------dren of working mothers? ____ ------42 48 10 (c) Government should enforce conservation even if auto 7. Which reflects your feelings on no-fault insurance? and air travel is restricted or use of electricity is curbed 75 ------Federal Government should require States to act ______51 2. Do you favor Presidential Amnesty Commission to grant amnes­ States should decide for themselves ______ty, order alternate service, or recommend prosecution Opposed to no-fault auto insurance ______34 ------for those who refused military induction? ______53 39 8. Do you approve of the President's program returning more 15 ------3. Do you favor legislation preventing the President from commit­ responsibility to State, local governments? ______78 18 ting troops to hostilities for more than 30 days without con- 9. If a family qualifies for food stamps, should it be denied stamps 81 16 36 57 7 4. Dog:~:l~~g~ re~~%Waxcreiifts-to-reirnbursep-a-reiitsforpartof- 10. oob:~iu,~~iat;;n:f;~~f;~~sa8~ i~r;,~':Jing_a_tiortfo-nC::::::::: :: 38 55 7 the cost of parochial school tuition? ______52 44 11. Do you approve of proposed budget cuts by President to hold spending to $269,000,000,000? ______52 28 20

Note: Responses were tabulated from the following samples: Age: (18 to 34) 24 percent; (35 to other 4 f.lercent. Religion: Protestant 39 percent; Catholic 58 percent; other 3 percent. Union 54) 42 percent; (55 and over) 36 percent. Party: Republican 44 percent; Democrat 52 percent; member m household: Yes 36 percent; No 64 percent. 30220 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 The statistical sample was drawn from concerned that these stamps might be a honesty in government and tax reform, re­ the 11,000 questionnaires returned, reflect­ subsidy that could prolong a strike at tax­ spectively. I agree wholeheartedly. ing some 20,000 responses since "his" and payers' expenses. It is true the food stamp To wind up, the results of my job per­ "her" answers were requested. I am tempted program has suffered from abuses, but the formance question indicate a majority of my to say such answers give me a clear indica­ Agriculture Department has ma.de real prog­ constituents (84% were more or less compli­ tion of how to vote, but that isn't true. The ress to clean it up in the last six months. mentary) a.re pleased with my efforts to act bills that come before me and my colleagues The single largest agreement (81 % ) on any in their behalf. Most seemed interested in in the House of Representatives are rarely question dealt with granting war powers. receiving my new Special Reports in addi­ if ever the one-sentence statements I asked Such a bill passed the House July 18 with my tion to quarterly Newsletters. to be answered in the questionnaire. Most strong support. My concern is that the Presi­ Many thanks to those who took the time bills are complex, going far beyond any of dent may veto it. However, I have brought to and effort to return the questionnaire. Your my questions in language, purpose and the attention of President Nixon and the help and advice ls highly valued by me and intent. However, replies are helpful in that Congressional leadership the large, bi­ my staff. they give me an understanding of my con­ partisan feelings of my constituents. JOHN HEINZ, stituents' basic feelings and sometimes re­ NO-FAULT RESPONSES REVEAL DRIVERS' Your Congressman. veal my need for additional information on FRUSTRATION an issue. On occasion, answers also signal the need to share with you relevant information Some form of no-fa.ult auto insurance 1s clearly favored, with 61 % wanting Federal that has come to my attention. requirement for states to adopt a. no-fa.ult VETO NOT ALL CRUEL DEDICATION TO CLEANER ENvmONMENT plan and 34 % saying states should decide CLEARLY STATED for themselves. There ls obviously tremen­ Two questions and part of a third dealt dous interest in no-fa.ult and I interpret the HON. JOHN M. ZWACH with the energy crisis and/or the environ­ 85 % total as representing a high level of OF MINNESOTA ment. A total of 75% said the government frustration over lack of action by states, in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES should enforce conservation measures, even cluding my own Pennsylvania. if it meant limiting travel. 55% said they A high 74 % approved of President Nixon's Tuesday, September 18, 1973 are willing to pay more if products can be program to return more responsibility to made and used virtually pollution-free. state and local governments. I am pleased Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, the people These answers, plus the 65% who felt the that interest in local government is this of our Minnesota Sixth Congressional government should spend more on environ­ high, but I wonder if this also reflects lack District are deeply concerned about the mental protect-ion, clearly reveal a dedica­ of confidence in Congress and other Federal minimum wage bill. tion to a cleaner environment. It also reveals, branches in the wake of Watergate and Con­ In reading the editorials on this sub­ at least on paper, that most people are gressional inaction on a spending ceiling and ject in our rural press, I find the editors willing to put their money where their other legislation. 52 % approved of the Presi­ in quite general agreement that the min­ mouth is to achieve it. I must comment, how­ dent's proposed budget cuts to hold spending imum wage bill passed by Congress is not ever, that as reassuring as these figures to $269 blllion. It's obvious the President and might be, we arc all guilty of underestimat­ those of us who believe spending must be the best for our people. ing the true cost to us as individuals in held down are on the right track. I suspect Typical of this editorial comment ls achieving a cleaner environment. It will be the high undecided response shows uncer­ the following from the Redwood Gazette, tough to deal with the crunch of a job loss, tainty a.bout the speclflcs of the proposed published by one of our State's most out­ restrictions on where and when we drive, curtailments. I, too, agree with some, have standing weekly newspapermen, Scott especially to work, and, if you're a business­ alternatives for others. Schoen, which, with your permission. man, to cope with a drop in sales because My information was provided to the ques­ and for the information of my colleagues, new traffic patt-erns take away potential tion on where the government should be customers. We must :find a way to make spending more, less or the same. Space I would like to insert into the RECORD: progress in cleaning up our environment, doesn't permit full comment, except to say VETO NOT ALL "CRUEL" but in a way that no one bears burdens I believe we generally have the same priori­ President Nixon "wa.s cruel" in vetoing leg­ less fairly than others. Policies must not dis­ ties, agreeing that our tax dollars should be islation which would have raised the mini­ criminate ..• or indiscriminately ca.use spent on human needs, here at home, with mum wage from $1.60 to $2.20 per hour, some hardship. greater attention paid to trimming wasteful politicians contend, and they have a case AMNESTY QUESTION CAUSES SOME CONFUSION military and overseas expenditures without where persons drawing $1.60, the present sacrlflcing a strong national defense. The minimum, might merit and get the 60 cents It's ha.rd to read what the responses mean breakdown: per hour boost. to the question on amnesty. Some scratched [In percent) They ignore, however, those employees who out "grant amnesty" and answered "yes". I barely qualify, if that, !or the present mini­ feel most favor a commission to order alter­ mum figure and would be replaced or their native service or recommend prosecution, but More Less Same job would be eliminated if the bill were to not grant amnesty. Perhaps the establish­ becomela.w. ment of such a body would encourage some Agriculture/farmers ______25 53 22 They disregard, too, the beginning worker who fled to return and take their chances. Weapons systems ______15 59 26 Education ______------seeking to fill ln between semesters or be­ It is surprising, what with the large 59 20 21 tween high school and college, with no inten­ number of Catholic respondents ( 58 % ) , that EnvironmenLForeign aid ______------_ 65 13 22 2 89 9 tion of becoming permanent and no interest 55 % of all those responding said "no" to a Health ______75 7 18 in the job, other than the weekend paycheck. Constitutional amendment outlawing abor­ JobHousing training __ ------______42 29 29 They could be accused of cruelty them­ tion. Would those who said "yes" change 51 24 25 selves in that seven to eight mllllon workers their answer if the question were to "totally Military pay/benefits_------28 34 38 Public works ______35 28 not presently covered by minimum wage ban therauptic abortions in rape, incest 37 SocialWelfare securitY------reform ______63 9 28 legislation would have been included, to face or irnrntueut threat to mother's life"? Taken 36 33 31 an uncharted future since their employers as a whole, I believe the 18th District feels have not yet had occasion to react to this life must be respected but we should avoid No question, inflation ls the No. 1 concern particular form of coercion. A million, and adding any simplistic words to the Consti­ when constituents are asked to list what perhaps several million, might benefit, but tution. should be Congress' top priorities. Phase m certainly a guess that half would continue I felt, and continue to feel that despite and the following freeze were dismal fail­ in their jobs at the higher figure is hazardous. enormous State subsidies, urban school dis­ ures for the Administration. Food prices a.re No one quarrels very much with a mini­ tricts like Pittsburgh and Philadelphia are higher than ever and supplies of beef and mum wage law which gets deserving employ­ in too many cases !ailing to educate our other items tighter than even during the ees their Just deserts where circumstances children. In answering the 48 % who said rationing days of the 40's. High interest rates have been a deterent. This is, however, a hazy "no" to tuncllng day care programs for chil­ make it impossible to build or buy a home field where the overklll ts more than likely dren of working mothers, I believe we must or anything else needing financing. We in to be a net loss of employment and income. re-direct our efforts to reach potential drop­ Congress must put a lid on government A truly concerned congress might have outs at a much earlier age. The hidden costs spending and just recently, I acted in your hesitated because any increase in the price of welfare. drugs and crime are enormous, behalf to amend the anti-impoundment bill of anything feeds the inflation flame. No one to make sure the spending ceiling is always will put more fuel an that fire than congre~s­ which is why I supported last yea.r's Child men and other public offlc1als when 1.hey Development Act as a strong, preventative in force at the sa.Ine time as anti-impound-. accept more remuneration tor jobs on which measure. ment requirements. As a result, our spend­ the price tags were wholly adequate when It 1s obvious my constituency supports food ing celllng-impo_undment bill passed by a they were candidates or appointees. Increas­ stamps tor strikers if the famlly qualifies. sufficient margin that may guarantee enact:. ing the minimum wage was the sort of sop Those who voted "yes" to deny such stamps ment of badly-needed legislation. Second a.nd needed to make a boost in congressmen's when the blll was before us, were probably third ranking priorities were striving for pay a trifle less unacceptable. September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30221 CONGRESSMAN SHRIVER REPORTS Mr. Speaker, I wish to include the defendants is whittled down to three FINAL TABULATIONS IN 1973 KAN­ following tabulations of the 1973 Kansas counts of simple robbery. SAS FOURTH DISTRICT OPINION Fourth District opinion poll. Plea-bargaining, at one time may have POLL CONGRESSMAN SHRIVER'S ANNUAL FOURTH had a place in our judicial system. as a DISTRICT OPINION POLL temporary means of speeding up trials l.. Do you think wage-price controls should for minor crimes; but its continuing HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER be: abuse by prosecuters cries out for the OF KANSAS a. More strict, 65 % • abolition of the practice. Better courts, b. Less strict, 3%. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES better judges, and better law enforce­ c. Kept as they are, 17 % • will Tuesday, September 18, 1973 d. Removed, 14%. ment reduce the case load and speed 2. With regard to balancing the budget, up the administration of justice. Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, it has should the government: I sincerely hope that the recommen­ been my practice since coming to the a. Maintain the deficit at the level pro­ dations of the Commission in this respect Congress in 1961 to seek the views of posed by the President, 15 % . will be adopted by all Federal, State and my Kansas constituents on several b. Increase federal spending and increase local government. The result can only be issues involving domestic and foreign the deficit, 2 % . a better and more efficient judicial sys­ policy. Early this spring approximately c. Bring the budget into balance by increas­ ing truces, 7 % . tem in the United States. 140,000 questionnaires were mailed to d. Reduce spending, 76%. each household in the Kansas Fourth 3. Current farm support programs expire District. this year. Which alternative do you prefer? More than 15,000 questionnaires have a. Extend and make present programs per­ COMBINE HENRY FORD AND now been returned and tabulated. Today manent, 14%. THOMAS EDISON AND YOU GET­ I wish to include in the RECORD the final b. Enact 3-year phase-out of farm pro- LEO SCHATZL tabulations of this 1973 opinion poll. grams, 50%. c. More rigid controls, 9 %. It is very helpful and reassuring to d. More flexible controls, 27%. get this response and to note the sincere HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. 4. The United States should consider funds OF CALIFORNXA interest of the people in such vital issues to help rebuild North Vietnam: as inflation, economic controls, farm a. Under no circumstances, 65 % • IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES programs, education, and health. Repre­ b. If other nations help in reconstruction, Tuesday, September 18, 1973 sentative government is dependent upon 22%. a two-way communication between the c. As an investment in peace, 13 % . Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. people and their Congressman. The ques­ Please respond Yes or No to the following: Speaker, it is a recognized fact that the tionnaire provides an opportunity for 5. Do you think the President should be automobile is the primary cause of smog compelled to spend all funds appropriated in this country. Many people, both in and many who otherwise might not do so to by Congress? out of Government, are working to solve register their opinions. Yes, 29%. No, 71 %. Many people took the time to write this problem, and I would like to tell you 6. Do you tavor a. constitutional amend­ of one such case. additional comments and further outline ment which would reinstate the death pen­ Leo Schatzl, a resident of Ontario, their thinking on some of the problems alty for certain major crimes? affecting them. My evaluation of the Yes, 77% . No, 23%. Calif., has designed and built his own many comments and responses to this 7. Do you favor tax credits to reimburse electrical car, which he uses every day to year's questionnaire reveals that my parents for part of the cost of private school drive to and from his job in the electrical constitutents are greatly concerned tuition? shops at Kaiser Steel in Fontana. The Yes, 38%. No, 62 %. Ingott, a Kaiser in-house publication, about inflation and high prices. They 8. Do you feel that a national health in­ favor strict economic controls and reported the details in their September surance program is needed? in I reduced Federal spending. They gen­ Yes, 61%. No, 49%. issue, an article which will enter in erally are satisfied with the manner in 9. In view of the President's recent speech the RECORD at this time: which the Watergate investigations are to the nation, action by the Grand Jury, the GAS SHORTAGES Do NOT WORRY HIM being conducted. They are strongly Senate investigation and appointment of a Leo Schatz! gets the worst gas mileage in special prosecutor, a.re you satisfied that the town-and he wouldn't have it any other opposed to aid to North Vietnam under Watergate matter is now being handled prop­ way. any circumstances. erly? The repairman in Montana's electric shops There also is strong sentiment for reg­ Yes, 66%. No, 34%. and field department is fighting pollution in ulation of small handguns and restora­ 10. Should the Federal Government enact his own personal way, by designing and driv­ tion of the death penalty for certain legislation regulating "Saturday-night spe­ ing an electric car from Ontario to work. major crimes. A majority indicated their cial" small handguns? Powered by five batteries and driven by a support for some form of national health Yes, 65%. No, 35%. IO-horsepower jet starter/ generator, Schat­ insurance but were oppposed to a pro­ 11. Do you believe the Federal Govern­ zl's auto whirrs to a maximum speed of 36 gram of tax credits for private school ment should yield more responsibility to local mph, which he claims is perfect for a. com­ and state governments in the area of spend­ muter vehicle. "I designed this car ex­ tuition. ing? pressly for driving back and forth to work," As an indication of the differing views Yes, 80 %. No, 20%. he said. of constituents on the same issues, I "Everyone was talking about automobile would call your att~ntion to a random pollution, but not many were doing anything sample of a few of the comments in­ about it," Schatz! added. cluded with the questionnaires. ABOLITION OF PLEA-BARGAINING Schatz! began developing plans for his On Watergate, there were calls for project more than six months ago by pur­ Presidential impeachment or resignation chasing a 1960 NSU Prinz which, at 1,200 while at the same time others indicted HON. MARIO BIAGGI pounds, is the lightest car on the market. OF NEW YORK After installing four six-volt and one twelve­ the press for "blowing the whole affair volt heavy-duty golf cart batteries, he ex­ out of proportion to try to get back at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES perimented with various types of motors the President." Tuesday, September 18, 1973 which would operate in the 24-volt system. Although one might assume expense in On defense spending, one said: Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, a special America. needs to keep up her defense, building an auto would be considerable, build all the la.test arms she can, so that we Commission set up by the Justice De­ Schatz! was able to complete construction are not caught again like we were at Pearl partment to study our judicial system for approximately $500. Of that amount, $400 was spent on batteries, which he be­ Harbor. has urged the abolition of plea-bargain­ ing. lieves will p erform for three to four years. - Another one said defense spending Dw·ing the summer, I addressed this Operating costs are minimal, and Schatz! should be reduced. body urging precisely the same thing, claims the car can be driven for just 1.5 cents per mile. Plugged into a regular house out­ On the matter of gun control, one pointing out the terrible distortion of let, the car can be fully charged overnight constituent wrote: justice this practice causes. I cited at the f or a round-trip to the plant. Toy guns are a bad influence on children time, a New York City case in which 187 Schatz! earned his master's degree from and should be outlawed. counts of rape and robbery against three an electrical college in Linz, Austrla, and has CXIX--1904-Part 23 30222 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 studied transistor theory and computer tech­ Twenty-four hours earlier, and almost in reapportioned districts with long Demo­ niques at the Solar Electronics School in 1,000 miles away, another group of Rotarians - cratic voting histories. Pasadena. He has been an employee at had gathered at Dominic's El Dorado in Dan­ Sara.sin took on a seven-term veteran in Kaiser Steel for 15 yea.rs. In that time he bury, Conn., to hear Rep. Rona.Id A. Sara.sin, Connecticut's Fifth District, which ranges has submitted 32 idea proposals which have another freshman Republican. from the industrial towns of the Naugatuck been implemented. Sarasin, too, announced that his new job valley down to the suburban affluence of was "the most exciting thing I've ever done New Cana.an. Mr. Speaker, I will be offering legis­ in my life." Then, giving no formal speech, Beard ran against a four-term incumbent lation within a few days in the field of he asked the Rotarians what was on their in Tennessee's Sixth District, a huge, largely pollution-free or 1·educed-pollution auto­ minds. rural territory, with most of its population mobiles. Many of us here in Congress The questions ca.me. On revenue-sharing at opposite ends of a 220-mile line stretching have introduced legislation in this area allotments, highway fund diversions to mass from the outskirts of Nashville to the sub­ before, but I hope that my approach will transit, the status of urban renewal, the urbs of Memphis. prospects for pension reforms, the danger of Both applied miles of shoeleather and meet with more success than previous a fuel-oil shortage and even the likelihood of thousands of handshakes to dislodging older efforts. I will have more to say on this conversion to the metric system. men they accused of "forgetting" the con­ subject later. Finally, with time running out, Sara.sin stituents who had sent them to Capitol Hill. brought up Watergate himself. "No one can Both strapped the weight of George Mc­ be very proud of what the Watergate hear­ Govern to the shoulders of their uncom­ ing shows. But we are learning a lesson from fortable opponents. Both joined hands firmly ISSUES OF PUBLIC CONCERN i~tha.t our system of law works, and that with the popular President. no one ls above the law, not those involved Sara.sin handed out "at lea.st 70,000" cards in Watergate and not those on the other side with a color picture of him shaking hands HON. WILLIAMS. COHEN of the political spectrum who break into with Mr. Nixon. Bea.rd recalls that "in almost draft boards or steal papers from the Pen­ every speech, I said I thank the good Lord OF MAINE tagon," he said. everyd~y that I am running with Richard IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "I'm not crazy about these hearings. As a Nixon and not George McGovern." lawyer, I'd prefer to see these questions set­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 And both saw their efforts pay off-thanks, tled in court. But I'm glad the story's come in no small part, to the Nixon coattails. The Mr. COHEN. Mr. Speaker, during the out, it's become clear that this j.s not a Re­ President carried Beard's district by 65,000 August recess most Members spent a publican operation; that it was done by votes, and Bea.rd won by one-fourth that great deal of time in their districts find­ some of these clowns in the Re-election margin. In Connecticut's Fifth, Mr. Nixon's Committee and apparently the White House. majority was 56,400; Sara.sin's, 5,400-Just ing out what is on the minds of constit­ "I consider myself a professional politician one-tenth as much. uents. and I'm proud of both words. And as a. pro­ Both men know they are high on the Washington Post reporter David Bro­ fessional political, I'm offended by what took Democrats' target list for 1974. But if the im­ der covered the recess activities of two place. pressions gathered in their districts last week of our colleagues, Congressmen RON "But I want to say this to you. I'm not are accurate, the Watergate scandals will not SARASIN and ROBIN BEARD. His article pro­ willing to condemn the President at this sink them. vides a great deal of insight into the point. I think he's entitled to the presump­ A far greater danger to their chances lies issues that most concern the public at tion of innocence that everyone's entitled to. in the rampant inflation and the fear of And anybody seems to give him that. We growing fuel and food shortages. this particular time. It also illustrated keep waiting for him to prove his innocence. There ls little they can do to protect them­ the dedication of these two hard-work­ Well, that burden isn't on anyone in this selves directly against that economic back­ ing Members of Congress. Because many country. And it isn't on him." lash, so their best hope is the old salesman's of our colleagues were out of town when Sara.sin sat down to loud applause, and remedy: Get out and hustle. That is exactly the article appeared, I include it in the later told aides: "I think maybe Watergate what Sara.sin, Bea.rd and dozens of other RECORJ): has run its course. Just a couple weeks a.go, Republicans were doing la.st week. you wouldn't have gone anywhere without ISSUES OF PUBLIC CONCERN Topic A for their constituents, for weeks, getting a Watergate question. I brought it has been the worry over rising prices and (By David S. Broder) up myself today, because I don't want any­ threatened scarcity, both men say. And on FRANKLIN, TENN.-The members of the one to think I'm afraid to talk a.bout it. this topic, neither man offers a word to Rotary Club had enjoyed their roast pork Frankly, I don't think there's any reason to justify past policies or to promise future and beans at the Holiday Restaurant. They be." relief. had heard their congressman, freshman Re­ August has become the pulse-taking month Sarasin spent Wednesday in Danbury, publican Robin Bea.rd, tell them a.bout his for American politicians. The annual con­ where Sen. Abra.ham A. Ribcoff (D-Conn.), "exciting" new Job 1n Washington, his as­ gressional recess sends the members rush­ himself facing re-election next year, had signment to the Armed Services Committee, ing home to check the mood of their con­ come the previous day to spread the word his doubts about the volunteer army, his stituents. that the administration's energy policies fear that "Phase IV will not work in any This August, many Republicans faced that would ca.use a serious heating oil shortage in way, shape or form to reduce prices," and his prospect fearfully. The euphoria. of the 1972 New England next winter. own determination to cut government spend­ Nixon landslide had been battered by a As Sara.sin toured the same radio stations ing--even by ca.sting "protest votes" against barrage of bad news-inflation, Watergate and newspaper offices Ribicoff had visited, highway beautification, the Peace Corps and and spreading commodity and food short­ he agreed with the forecast, if not the laying the Bicentennial Commission. ages. of blame. "Now," said Bea.rd, "you'll want to know Washington troubles seemed to dog their A member of the "energy task force" of what I think about this Watergate situation. trials at home. Sara.sin was doing a radio the House Republican Conference, Sara.sin Sure, I'm concerned. The worst of it ts that call-in show on Wednesday morning, when said he saw no short-term solution, but has it damages what little credibility people felt the station joined its network for five min­ cosponsored a bill for a "crash program" to toward their officials. Most of the elected offi­ utes of news. The opening news item said develop new energy sources. cials in both parties are honest. the Justice Department was refusing com­ As for Phase 4 and prices, he told a cable "But I think we have here a situation in ment .on payoff charges reportedly facing television interviewer: "When we remove which some people, through total naivete or Vice President Agnew. The closing item said the freeze, there's no question we'll see higher stupidity or whatever, made some Just un­ the Agriculture Department was predicting prices, but over the longer haul, the only believable decisions. There were some bad that increases following Monday's start of way t-0 bring prices down is to increase the. mistakes made. Phase IV would send the food price index supply." "But I'll tell you right now, I believe in for the year up 20 per cent over the January "Are you just telling the harried house­ standing behind the President. I believe in level. wife to. bide her time?" asked interviewer giving him the same rights we give the "Terriffi.c," said Sarasin. Chris Silva. Ellsbergs and Angela Davises of this world. Of all those on t.he fl.ring line, none would "I wish I ha.d better advice, but there isn't "And I think when this case ts all through seem to have more cause for apprehension a practical solution in sight," Sarasin said. the system will be stronger. This little can­ than the 44 freshman Republicans, many of "Price freezes don't solve problems. We have cerous growth will be removed. We'll sur­ whom were ca,rried lnto office la.st November tinkered w1 th the economy and every time vive." on President Nixon's coat.tans. we have, we've loused it up a little bit more." As the members filed pa.st Beard to shake No pa.ir of freshmen a.re "typical," but Down in Franklin, Bea.rd took almost the his hand after the speech, one said: "Tell 'em 38-year-old Ron Saraf:in and 33-year-old same line. "I wish I could say I see some to get off old Soiro. now." Robin Beard share many of the character­ relief in sight,'' he said on station WAGG, Another: "Tell 'em it's time to close up istics of the group. "but my fear ts prices a.re going up even that damned Watergate, Robin." Both a.re energetic, ambitious young prod­ higher. I wish I knew what the answer is, but And a. third: "Watch yourself up there, ucts of state government who decided in I think we're going to have to rely on supply Robin, you don't get wet in that Watergate." 1972 to ta.ck.le well-entrenched incumbents and demand." September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30223 Beard and Sarasin both believe that Con­ men ask one man the same question twelve To judge by their comments, the problem gress has shucked its own resppnsibilities for times in one day. What's the sense of that? of being in the same party as Richard Nixon economic management, and both try to re­ Don't they have anything else to do up is less worrisome than that of sharing a mind the voters that the President should there?" party label and a state with Sens. Lowell P. not carry the whole burden of blame. Although their districts and personal po­ Weicker Jr. or Howard H. Baker Jr. Sarasin drew a good response from the litical stances differ, with Beard and his con­ Publicly, Sarasin told the Rotarians that Rotarians when he recounted the "ridiculous" stituents more conservative than Sara.sin he is "proud of our own Senator Weicker, amendments offered on the House floor by and his, the two freshmen have hit on the who has pointed out that this was not a grandstanding Congressmen, when the Eco­ same way of dealing with the Watergate Republican Party operation at all." Privately, nomic Stabilization Act was up for renewal situation. he says that Weicker's stance has helped the last spring. Both say they will not condone the "mis­ Senator with independents and Democrats, "Someone said we should roll back prices takes" or the "stupid things" that occurred. "but it's aggravated a lot of Republicans." to last year," he said. "Someone said we Both say that the Watergate crimes are not Beard says the attitude toward Baker "is should go back to 1929. Somebody said we part of politics as they understand it. fairly rough. People feel like he's been a little should amend the law to reduce the gesta­ But both come down clearly on the Presi­ bit too rough, that he's overacting in some tion period of cows by half. So we ended up dent's side of the issue-without demanding of his questioning." · just handing the problem to the President." any further explanation from him. Publicly, however, he defends the senator, "Why doesn't Congress set a budget and On the question of the tapes, Sarasin told saying, "He's handled himself well in a very live with it?" a Rotarian asked. a Danbury interviewer: "The lawyer in me difficult situation." Beard compares it to the "I don't know," Sarasln said. "They don't says he doesn't have to give them up. The time he had his brother in his own Marine want the responsibility. It's much easier to inquisitive part of me says I'd like to bear platoon and "I had to give him the roughest demagogue." him. I don't know what the answer is, but treatment of all, to show I wasn't partisan Beard, too, told his Rotarians that "Con­ the President has an obligation that goes to him." gress talks fiscal responslbllity, but they don't beyond himself, to protect the prerogatives "I think Howard Baker has tried to do an vote it." But in interviews, neither man sees of the presidency. I think that's what he's objective job, and compared to other mem­ much political hope in Mr. Nixon's pre-Wa­ doing. bers, has handled himself extremely well." tergate tactic of focusing public anger at "My own feeling is he did not know about As they tour their districts this August, the "big spenders" in Congress. Watergate or the coverup, that he was lied these freshmen Republicans, of course, are "I don't think it will work any more," says to by the people around him. I see a lot of thinking about 1974 and what it may bring. Beard. "The Democrats will talk about hos­ people who shouldn't have been in those They may be wrong, but they do not see any pitals and schools and say, 'We're for the positions, who decided they were above the great peril in Watergate. . things that are good for the people.'" law. And the good thing about this is that When a friendly journalist told Sarasln.his In fact, though both men are generally we're demonstrating that no one is above likely Democratic opponent "is going w run found in the President's corner on House the law... .'' on Watergate," Sarasin said flatly: · "That votes, both have broken away to vote for On a similar interview program in Frank­ won't be the issue," and let the matter drop." spending for their districts on airport devel­ lin, Beard said, "I believe in standing behind Beard told a radio interviewer: "Without opment, vocational rehabllitation, impacted the President. He's still popular down here. any question, anyone who tries to use Water­ schools aid and public works, which Mr. The majority of the people I've talked with gate as an issue against me, a congressman Nixon has opposed. say if they had it to do all over again today, representing a district in Tennessee, is going Both have fought their battles with the they'd vote for Mr. Nixon again, 'cause the to be a pretty weak candidate." Office of Management and Budget. And when man has done a good job for us--made fan­ "He can take my voting record and tear it local editors last week congratulated Sarasin tastic inroads in our foreign policy." up as much as he wants to; that will be a for springing $700,000 for the Stlll River proj­ Both seized on the impeachment move legitimate campaign. But for anyone to have ect and Beard for restorinl? funds for the of Rep. Robert Drinan (D-Mass.) as device the gall to run against me on the basis of Columbia, Tenn., dam, neither refused to for disassociating themselves from the Presi­ Watergate, well, the people are just better take crec\it. dent's more rabid critics. Sara.sin hurried informed than that. They won't put up with Above ~11 else, Robin Beard and Ron Sara­ out a press release opposing the move. Beard it. It will backfire on him." A Democratic sin see their political salvation in being told a radio interviewer, "I cannot tolerate editor Beard met later in the day told the visible, accessible and accommodating serv­ such people as Father Drinan having the gall congressman he agreed completely on that ants of their districts. When news director to say, 'Let's impeach the President.' This is proposition. Charles Dibrell of WIZO told Beard on the the same type of guy who screamed on be­ Both men were asked if they would want air, "Your constituents are more aware of half of the constitutional rights and civil President Nixon or Vice President Agnew to what Robin Beard is doing than any Con­ llberties of bums like Ellsberg, Angela Davis campaign for them now. Sara.sin· said, "I gressman we've ever had," Beard replied, and people like that. I say it's a two-way think it would be a help. People want -to "You've made my day." street... .'' come out and see them. They.. re certainly .a Neither man has ever stopped campaign­ While backing the President, both men drawing ca.rd. But I am trying to do the job I ing. Beard has been home all but five week­ are taking steps to avoid being caught in the was elected to do, and if I can get that point ends since January; Sarasin, whose family Watergate backlash they see demeaning all across, hopefully I can be re-elected on my still lives in Connecticut, has not missed a politicians in the public's eye. own." one. Mindful of the unfavorable impression Beard replied: "I'd. like to think that Sarasin has converted his campaign bus many of the lawyer-witnesses have made through good, hard work I can win on- my into a "mobile district office," and ls now during the hearings, Sara.sin makes a point own. I'm realist enough to know this ls a completing his second circuit of his 26 towns, of noting in every speech or interview that Democratic district, and I have to sell my­ holding office hours in each. "I gave up my practice, partnership, associa­ self." Beard has been holding office hours in the tion and income" when elec;ted to Congress. Are there any pluses in being a Nixon courthouse of each of his counties, and both "My full-time job is to represent this dis­ man? Sarasin said, "Well, yes. This being a say that compared to the urgency of the trict." Republican administration, there are people personal problems the constituents bring to Beard has gone much further, developing I can deal with in the executive branch who these sessions, Watergate and its ramlflca­ a long monologue about his fears of becom­ might perhaps be a little more kind to me tions seem remote and abstract. ing the victim of "Potomac fever," which he than they might be to a Democrat. I don't Beard sat for two hours at the William­ says develops in Congressmen who have look on being a Republican as a disadvan­ son County courthouse Thursday, listening served in Washington so long they have been tage." to a stream of problems and requests: an forgotten by their constituents. Beard said, "I don't know. Personally, I oil man angry a.bout the independents' prop­ "So, I'm putting the monkey on your think he's done a good job, but I don't con­ aganda against his company, a naval acad­ back," he told the Rotarians, "to see I don't sider myself totally a Nixon man. Whether emy applicant; two families whose homes become one of these great world statesmen there are pluses now, I don't know. I'm just a.re in the route of a parkway; a committee who you see up there. I'll be back here, look­ looking for Robin Beard pluses, trying to let seeking a levee for the town creek; several in' you in the eye, and tellin' you how I cast 'em know what I'm doing." social security and disability claimants; two the only vote you got on the floor of the Beard and Sara.sin may not be typical. But men seeking help on getting jobs with the House. But I can't read your minds. You got if you were to generalize from their expe­ state; the wife of a government employee to tell me what you think and what you riences at home this past week, their atti­ being "harassed" by his supervisor; a young want me to do, and if you help me that tudes, you would say: man seeking to have his "undesirable" dis­ way, I'll stay the most hustlin', hard-workin' There's little likelihood today that the charge reviewed; even some rural residents, Congressman you've ever had." Republican congressmen will come back to who thought the Congressman could get the Ironically, ,vhlle both Beard and Sarasln Washington on Labor Day ready to raise hell phone company to stop charging long dis­ feel it is politically safe in their districts with the President about Watergate. They tance rates for calls to the county seat. to speak up unequivocally for Mr. Nixon, will want--but don't really expect to get-­ Of the 60 to 60 people who came by, ex­ they must thread their way carefully around reassurances from him about the economy. actly one, a woman, wanted to -talk about the controversies surrounding the Repub­ Some of them may well tell their Senate Watergate. "What I want to ask you," she lican Senators from their states who serve colleagues it's time to shut down the Water­ said, "ls what's the sense of having twelve on the Watergate committee. gate hearings. 30224 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 They will come strengthened in their belief where women who are "too smart for their velop~entally. As Florence Howe, noted that they are on their own for 1974. That sex" are socially ostracized, while women feminist educator, has observed, girls can may well be reflected in more deviations who "play dumb" are readily accepted by ~asily please their teachers, since their from the administration line on coming their male classmates. mothers have taught them to be neat and votes. Faced with a choice of voting their "We asked Phil, a bright sophomore, to tell quiet, to follow directions. They have had district or helping the President, most will us a story based on one clue: After first­ practice in watching and waiting-typical vote their district. tenn finals, John finds himself at the top classroom activities-rather than bouncing Unless these men and the constituents, of his medical school class. Phil wrote: John around, questioning. being curious or aggres­ editors and broadcasters they met are all is a conscientious young man who worked sive in the manner of boys. As the years roll mistaken, Watergate itself will not put their hard. Be is pleased with himself. John has by girls grades remain better than boys' with Democratic opponents in office next year. always wanted to go into medicine and is very the exception of sex-typed subjects like math And if most of the Republican freshmen are dedicated. • •. John continues working hard and science. The problem that begins to working for re-election as hard and as early and eventually graduates at the top of his plague the girls is not achievement at a.11, as Ron Sarasin and Robin Beard are, any class. but motivation and aspiration. Democrats who beat them will know they "Now consider Monica, another honor stu­ Aspiration is remarkably low throughout have been in a fight. dent. She, too, has always done well, and she, a girl's lifetime compared to a boy's. When too, has visions of a flourishing career. We 700 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders we:re give her the same clue, but with 'Anne' as asked what they wanted to be when they the successful student.••• Instead of iden­ grew up, girls' responses fell mainly into four THE WOMEN'S EDUCATIONAL tifying with Anne's triumph, Monica tells a categories: teacher, nurse, secretary, mother. bizarre tale: Anne starts proclaiming her Significantly, there was no fantasy; they are EQUALITY ACT surprise and joy. Her fellow classmates are the roles prescribed in the literature and so disgusted with her behavior that they curriculum of schools and in their immediate jump on her in a. body and beat her. She is surroundings at school. ·on the other hand, HON. BELLA S. ABZUG maimed for life. i5% of the boys' responses are pure fantasy, OF NEW YORK "The glaring contrast between the two the rest a. broad selection of vocational pos­ stories illustrates important differences be­ sibilities. In high school, girls' commitments IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tween men and women in reacting to to careers decline, and in college, women ·be­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 achievement. . . . In response to the suc­ come increasingly interested-between their cessful-male cue, more than 90 per cent of freshman and senior yea.rs-in becoming Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, today I had the men in the study showed strong positive housewives and mothers. By now we all know the privilege of o1f ering testimony on the feelings, indicated increased striving, con­ the statistics that report the discrepancy Women's Educational Equity Act before fidence in the future and a belief that this between the proportions of women going to the Equal Opportunity Subcommittee of success would be instrumental to fulfilling college (42%) and those who complete grad­ the Committee on Education and Labor. other goals such as providing a secure and uate degrees ( 13 % ) or enter a profession like I am inserting my remarks in suppart of happy home for some girl. . . . Fewer than law or medicine or engineering ( 1 %-7 % ) . this excellent and much needed legisla­ 10 per cent of the men responded at all Despite both intelligence and achievement, negatively. . .. On the other hand, in re­ one can only conclude from the literature tion into the RECORD at this point along sponse to the successful-female cue, 65 per and the statistics that girls and women are with three relevant newspaper articles cent of the girls were disconcerted, troubled programmed, for attrition. appearing in today's press: or confused by the cue. Unusual excellence The Women's Educational ·Equity Act In.an TESTIMONY OF CONGRESSWOMAN BELLA S. AB­ in women was clearly associated for them attempt to destroy the programming of chil­ ZUG IN SUPPORT OF R.R. 208-THE WOMEN'S with the loss of femininity, social rejection, dren from preschool through graduate educa­ EDUCATIONAL EQUITY ACT personal or societal destruction, or some com­ tion and professional schools. Every human I am delighted to testify in support of H.R. bination of the above. Their responses were being deserves a chance to become whatever 208, the Women's Educational Equity Act in­ filled with negative consequences and affect, he or she desires. Girls must be encouraged troduced by my friend and distinguished col­ righteous indignation, withdrawal rather ~o seek professions, business, sports, indus­ league from Hawaii, Patsy Mink. My only than enhanced striving, concern, or even an trial arts, auto mechanics. Boys must be freed regret is that this legislation, like other legis­ inability to accept the information presented to le~n and enjoy cooking, sewing, home lation designed to give women equal oppor­ in the cue. For example: management and elementary teaching. As tunity to succeed in our male-dominated "Anne will deliberately lower her academic society confines women to the home, men are society, is so long overdue. It is a tragedy to standing the next term, wh.ile she does all confined to the job. Though the barriers to consider the millions of wasted woman-hours she subtly can to help Carl. . . . His grades a woman seeking a profession are great, the throughout the history of our country­ come up and Anne soon drops out of medical barriers to a man desiring to stay home and hours, days and years in the lives of bright school. They marry and he goes on in school care for the children are doubtlessly greater. and creative women who were channeled ex­ While she raises their family. These changes will take time and effort; non­ clus,ively into the domestic sphere by a so­ "Anne is a code name for a nonexistent sexist textbooks showing youngsters how ciety that considered women as fit only for person created by a group of med students. mommy, a doctor, goes to her office, while home and hearth. They take turns tak~g exams and writing daddy, a writer, stays home to look after his The Women's Educational Equity Act is a papers for Anne. baby; sensitive guidance counselors to make recognition that women's traditional roles as "Aggressive, unmarried, wearing Oxford all options available to students; athletic ac­ mother, wife, nurse, elementary teacher, do­ shoes and hair pulled back in a bun, she tivities where girls' sports is given equal mestic worker will remain limited and con­ wears glasses and is terribly bright." treatment with boys' sports; and reeduca­ fined as long as society's attitudes toward The fear of success so common to women tion of parents as to the need for and ra­ women and girls limits them to these roles. undergraduates is the result of a life-long tionale behind these programs. It is critic".l that the attitudes be chal­ education aimed at shaping women according My main criticism of the act is that 1t does lenged, broken-down, and that new attitudes to society's expectations-marriage, mother­ not go far enough. $80 million over a 3 year replace them. The only effective method of hood and ideally no career, but if a career period can only make a dent in the educa­ changing attitudes is to reach individuals at is necessary let it be as a secretary, nurse, tional system as we know it. In addition, I an early age both at home and at school. seamstress or teacher. would like to see certain programs carried out The Women's Educational Equity Act pro­ In a survey of college seniors released on a national level. For example a National vides federal funding to encourage the de­ September 7 by Educational Testing Service Board to review and rate all textbooks, ed­ velopment of new techniques in curricula, it was disclosed that 44.6 percent of the men ucational materials and standard curricu­ educational texts and materials, personnel, but only 29.4 percent of the women planned lums according to their treatment of sex guidance counselors, parents, conferences to go to graduate and professional schools­ roles . .These ratings could then be distributed and workshops, physical education for wom­ even though the .women generally had better throughout the country as a means of keep­ en and non-sexist counseling. Through the grades. The study indicated that a major ing school boards up to date on available promotion of these projects and activities, factor behind these statistics was that the materials, programs and new ideas. the federal government will be playing a role women had a lower level of self-confidence I also object to the grant limitation of in bringing a.bout a major social revolution- than the men and received less encourage­ $15,000 a year per grant for innovative ap­ the equal!ty of women. _ ment from their friends and relatives to pur­ proaches to womens' educational programs. Dr. Matina Horner, noted psychologist and sue advanced work. The differences in aspira­ This sum would hardly be adequate for an President of Radcliffe College, has done out­ tions between men and women were found extended full time project that necessitates standing work in the field of attitudes affect­ to be so compelling that almost as many m.en a professional director and office help. I ing the academic success of women. Through with C plus or lower grade averages planned would like to see a mechanism established her studies she has discovered a deep-seated to pursue doctorates as women with B plus whereby larger grants would be made avail­ tear of success prevalent in women, which or A avers,ges. able on a showing of need. results in "the motive to a.void success." This Attitudes develop early. Little girls enter . Aside from these minor criticisms, The motive to a.void success ls instilled in girls school eager to learn and more capable than Women's Educational Equity Act is a :fine at an early age, but becomes most noticeable boys their age, since they are as much a,S a piece of legislation, and I commend Rep­ during the high school and college years, year to eighteen months ahead of boys de- resentative Mink, the Subcommittee on Equal September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30225 Opportunity, and the Committee on Educa­ for girls and even mothers. Girls, on the the faculty in higher education, the commis­ tion and Labor for an excellent job in antic­ other hand, walk, read or dream and univer­ sion said. ipating the great need for such an act. It sally admire the prowess of boys. Seldom are At each level of advancement within the is crucial that woman power be encouraged, girls seen doing anything athletic, not even American educational system, the commis­ not stifled; that women learn to welcomt riding a bicycle. sion noted, the percentage of women declines. success, not run from it; and that women In still another report, the author re­ They are 50.4 per cent of high school gradu­ gain confidence in their diverse ablli ties. The marked that she could not find a single ates, 43.1 per cent of college graduates, 24 Women's Educational Equity Act opens the description or picture of a. woman driving a per cent of faculty, 13.4 per cent of these door to a vast source of untapped talent. I car, and she found only one picture book holding doctors degrees and 8.6 per cent of eagerly aw.alt its prompt passage by the 93d about working mothers, Eve Merriam's the full professors. Congress as a. vital force in bringing educa­ "Mommies at Work." But even that book At the graduate school level, the commis­ tional equity to a new generation of women has a cop-out ending. It says sweetly, "All sion argued, many faculty members display negative attitudes toward women. For many and girls. mommies love the best of all to be your very own Mommy and coming home to you." of their students, this serves to increase emo­ Why, asks the author of the report, do we tional stress and decrease their commit­ UNLEARNING "DICK AND JANE" not feel the need to say about Daddy that ment to remain in school. (By Geri Joseph) he loves his children more than his work? To help correct the inequalities, the com­ Sugar and spice and everything nice-is "Couldn't Mommy matter-of-factly like mission urged stepped up effort to locate tal­ that what little girls are made of? Not lately. working and baby, too?" ented women and improve their training. It Maybe not ever, although a lot of little girls It is possible that Rep. Mink's bill, if noted that women are now on college and grew up trying. It was a. phony image any­ passed, might provide the financial incentive university faculties at about half their extent how, full of "you can't" and "you shouldn't" to push text-book publishers a. little faster of participation in the general labor force. and limiting a. girl's horizon from babyhood. into the modern world. They have com­ At the pre-college level, the commission Just how girls came to be seen in this un­ plained in the past that it takes half a mil­ urged more mathematical training for women real and restrictive light is one of those "lt's­ lion dollars to launch a new series and a few to enable them to enter fields, such a.s engi­ always-been-thls-way" stories. But impor­ millions mor'! before the publisher makes a neering, often thought to be reserved for tant chapters undoubtedly were supplied by profit. men. It also called for career counseling free the free, public education system that most In testimony before the subcommittee, of outmoded concepts of male and female American boys and girls enter at age 5 and Arvonne Fraser, national president of the careers. leave at 18, taking with them some basic ideas Women's Equity Action League (and mother It also suggested efforts at the college level about themselves and each other. As a matter of six, four of them girls), summed up what to increase the pool of women who hold of fa.ct, some experts claim that by age 8 there this rebellion is all about: Ph. D's and to increase opportunities for is 99 per cent agreement among children of "Our educational system has given boys women to return to college for advanced both sexes as to which sex does which job, and men first place long enough," she said. training after they have started families. what kind of person a girl or boy should be "Traditionally, we have looked at education A reduction in the severity of nepotism and wh.at the limitations and expectations of girls as a kind of life insurance-some­ rules that bar a husband and wife from serv­ a.re. thing they need 'just in case'-just in case ing on the same facility, increased child care Eight years old-that seems ridiculously their husband can't support them, in case facilities and allowing more pa.rt-time ap­ young for either a boy or girl to be settling they can't find a husband or in case they pointments for women with children would neatly into a. rut, even if it is hallowed by need to support themselves while looking for also increase women's participation in higher tradition. In the last few years, a rebellion a husband. We want children to be educated education at the faculty level, the commis­ sparked by the women's-rights movement as individuals, not as assigned members of sion said. has been trying to break the old, imprison­ a group." ing mold, trying to bring the real world into Rep. Mink's bill will not achieve a per­ STUDY FINDS WOMEN ACADEMICIANS' SALARIES the educational process. fect world of educational equality. But it LAG The rebellion finally reached the halls of can provide some small beginnings. Here's (By Iver Peterson) Congress last year. Rep. Patsy Mink (D­ hoping it makes it through the Congress. And the White House. More women graduate from American high Hawaii), a. tough-minded lawyer, introduced schools than men, they receive better grades a bill to provide $80 million over a. three­ STUDY CITES SCHOOL BARS TO WOME N in college, and they apply themselves as dil­ year period for special programs and mate­ igently to their work, but they do not achieve rials to improve education for women. Called (By Bart Barnes) anything near parity with men in academic the Women's Education Act (H.R. 208), it Women account for the largest untapped rank and salary, according to the latest report nevertheless treats men as equals. "Nothing supply of superior intelligence in the nation, by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Edu­ in this Act," it reads right there at the be­ the Carnegie Commission on Higher Educa­ cation. ginning, "shall be construed as prohibiting tion said yesterday. Because women are under-represented in men from participating in any of the a.c­ In an exhaustive· study of opportunities for the labor force generally and in the upper tivities funded." women in higher education, the commission reaches of academic life in particular, · the At hearings in July, the House subcom­ said women face a host of barriers along the commission, in a summary of the report, mittee on equal opportunities got a gen­ educational ladder. These range from female called them "the largest unused supply of erous sample of ways in which public educa­ stereotyping in grade school to deliberate superior intelligence in the United States." tion short-changes girl children. exclusions from some college faculties. · The report, entitled "Opportunities for There were documented charges that vo­ Among faculty at the level of post-second­ Women in Higher Education," will be pub­ cational education for girls provides far ary education, the commission said, women lished in book form in October. fewer job-training opportunities than for are both underrepresented and underpaid, The central theme of the study holds that boys, although women now number 40 per earning on the average between $1,500 and in the academic world, the percentage of cent of the U.S. labor force. All too often, $2,000 less than men in comparable situa­ women declined at successively higher levels. girls are channeled into "acceptable" if lim­ tions. It cites Government figures showing that iting courses in typing, cooking, sewing. And, it added, it ls unlikely that a reversal women comprise 50.4 per cent of the country's Sports and physical-education programs of inequalities in the addition of women to high school graduates, 43.1 per cent of those also were raked over the coals at the July college and university faculties can be who receive bachelor's degrees, 36.5 per cent hearings. One study denounced school ath­ achieved soon. of those · with advanced degrees. However, letics as "pervasively discriminatory." Swim­ Despite pressure from the federal govern­ only 24 per cent of campus faculties are ming pools, tennis and basketball courts are ment, the number of women faculty members women and just 8.6 per cent of the country's generally far less available to girls, meas­ is still low and the pool of qualified appli­ full professors are women. ured on dollar, per-capita basis of inter­ cants limited, the commission said. In addi­ ested participants. tion, enrollment growth in higher education LOWER WAGE SCALE But among the many charges of sex dis­ has been declining for the last few years, The report also cites evidence that women crimination in schools, none was more ca.using a subsequent decrease in the number faculty members earn, on average, $1,500 to thoroughly aired than complaints against of new appointments each year. $2,000 less a. year than do men in comparable elementary-school textbooks. What? Even "The situation is not entirely unlike that jobs. . It asserts that ·this comes to between Dick and Jane? Yes,· and a plethora of of trying to add to the number of women $150-million to $200-million in wage differ­ studies unanimously says so. The National railroad conductors . . . it will take until entials a year for the whole country. Organization of Women (NOW) has had the year 2000, under reasonable assumptions, The commission found that the barriers to task forces around the country pouring over before women are likely to be included in women's unhindererl advancement a.rise from children's readers, and numerous reports the national professoriate in approximately several subtle and largely traditional cultural have come from university professors. They the same proportions as they are in the total preconceptions about the role of women in show that more than two-thirds of a.11 stories labor force." this country. rt· notes· the argument that as studied are about boys or men or male Even if colleges and universities put a young girls, women have tended to be steered animals, and most deal exclusively with male freeze on hiring of all men and hired only toward domestic, or, a.t best part-time oc­ adventures.· Boys are shown as active and women to their faculties, it would be the cupations; that they have lacked strong creative, using their wits, solving ·problems mid-1980s before women constituted half female _success models on whom to pin their 30226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 ambitions, and that the country as a whole­ years. The bill that is before us today, save and provide a type of tax break for and more markedly than European coun­ H.R. 37, provides another opportunity. individuals in lower tax brackets. Persons tries--has a strong ha.bit of seeing careers in terms of their suitability for men or for I believe it is significant, and to modern in higher brackets generally are the ones women. man's benefit, that he has awakened to who benefit from capital gains invest­ The Carnegie study also reported, however, the need to preserve and protect other ments and I feel there should be greater that changing social attitudes and legal pres­ forms of life. incentives for savings by those in the sure from the Government and from feminist I intend no minimization of the im­ lower brackets. groups had reduced the gap between ma.le ports.nee of this legislation, but it is not This legislation would also serve the a.nd female opportunities for career attain­ the final definitive answer to the prob­ purpose of attracting more money into ment. lem of endangered species. I make that the market for use in home loans, thereby IMPROPER BARRIERS statement to bring to the forefront of helping to ease the present credit crunch In order to speed this progress, the com­ our attention the fact that so very much in this area at a time when many Amer­ mission urges the removal of "all improper barriers to the advancement of women, an more needs to be done. This bill is most icans are having tremendous difficulty active search for their talents, and special certainly a move in the right direction. securing home mortgages, due to high consideration of their problems and for their I have 15 bills, and have cosponsored interest rates and lack of funds available contributions." 2 others, which would take action for long-term lending, a bill like this For example, the panel recommends more against factors threatening endangered seems very much in order. Also, it would generous maternity and child rearing rules, animals, expand protection to such ani­ be helpful in curbing inflation by en­ particularly in academic work. It cited mals, or determine the status of certain couraging individuals to put money into evidence that such on-and-off employment of species so that Congress can legislate savings accounts rather than spending it. women does not impair a woman faculty from a position of knowledge. member's job performance. It is my hope that this bill will receive The commission also urged more training There is much to be accomplished, and early and favorable consideration. in ma.thematics for pre-college girls as a way in many cases so little time in which we of opening up their access to the "hard" must act if we are to provide protection sciences, engineering and design. at all. The public has the attention of It noted that one reason for the under­ Congress regarding animal legislation. I MOST-FAVORED-NATION STATUS representation of women in advanced cam­ urge those supporting such activity to pus positions ls the relatively small number renew their efforts, use the momentum of women holding the necessary advanced de­ generated by H.R. 37 to encourage Con­ grees. A solution, the report suggested, would HON. FRANK A NUNZIO be to expand efforts to increase the number gress to act further, and to create in this OF ll.LINOIS of women with Ph.D.'s. country an animal protection legislative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES package that will lead the way in foster­ A GENERATION OF EFFORT ing an attitude of respect for the rights Tuesday, September 18, 1973 The panel also ca.me out in favor of con­ tinuing the existence of colleges for women of animals. For if man learns to revere Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, I would only--despite a recent trend toward co-edu­ animal life, how much more the life of like to call to the attention of my col­ cation-because the single-sex colleges offer a fellow human being? leagues an article by my constituent, "diversity" and "an additional option" for I am today introducing a joint reso­ Tedis Zierins, that appeared !n the Com­ women. lution asking the President to declare munity Publication of Chicago on Sep­ The report predicts that, given the small the 13th day of October 1973, and the tember 12, 1973. number of women qualified by training for 13th day of October of each succeeding In view of the fact that very soon the high campus positions, and the slowing of year a-s Animal Welfare Day. The reso­ trade bill from the Ways and Means enrollments in ttgher education, "it will take until about the year 2000, under reasonable lution recognizes that nonhumans are Committee will reach the House floor for assumptions, before women are likely to be deserving of respect and love. It em­ consideration, that for many months we included in the national professoria.te In ap­ phasizes the obligations of man to guar­ have been deliberating on "Most Favored proximately the same proportions as they are antee that no undue harm shall be in­ Nation" status for Russia, and that 285 in the total labor force-this ls a task for a flicted upon nonhumans by humans. It Members of this body, including myself, generation of effort." encourages preservation of the individual have cosponsored the Jackson-Vanik The study added that the time needed to wild animal, and prevention of cruelty proposal opposing "Most Favored Na­ achieve "a. satisfactory level of absorption cf to all animals, wild or domestic. And it tion" status for Russia, I am greatly con­ women into faculties" will be lengthened by calls upon all citizens to refrain from cerned over reports indicating that our the concurrent need to bring more minority participating in activities which lead to position is going to be compromised by group members into campus careers as well. such cruelty. including an amendment in the Trade RACIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FACULTY MEMBERS AND Mr. Speaker, I support H.R. 37, the Bill conferring modified most-favored­ COLLEGES IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES, 1969 Endangered and Threatened Species nation status on Russia. Conservation Act of 1973. The legislation This, of course, would be a means of Percent expands Federal protection to fish and circumventing the original Jackson­ wildlife threatened with extinction. The Vanik proposal, and as one of the co­ Total White Black Other 89th and 91st Congresses enacted bills sponsors of the Jackson-Vanik proposal, supporting protection of endangered spe­ I feel that the fallowing article reempha­ Public: Men ______30, 700 94.3 3.8 1. 8 cies. I urge my colleagues to vote for ap­ sizes the continuing inhumane treatment Women______7,000 90. 7 7.1 2. 2 proval of H.R. 37. of human beings behind the Iron Curtain Private: Men ______19, 000 95.0 3.5 1. 5 on the part of Soviet Russia. We should Women ______4,900 90.2 9.0 .8 not--indeed we cannot--confer most­ favored-nation status until Russia as­ Source: Carnegie Commission. A BILL TO ENCOURAGE INCREASED sumes her rightful place in the world by SAVINGS BY INDIVIDUALS recognizing human needs and human dignity. The article by Mr. Zierins, which HON. WILLIAM H. HUDNUT III follows, underscores the harassment, EXTENDING THE PROTECTION OF persecution and deprivations which ANIMALS OF INDIANA continue unabated behind the Iron IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Curtain: HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST Tuesday, September 18, 1973 SOVIET RELATIONS (By Tedls Zierins) OF vmGINIA Mr. HUDNUT. Mr. Speaker, today I am introducing a bill to encourage savings It sounds very nice that lately many So­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deposits by way of providing an income viet delegations are visiting our country a.nd Tuesday, September 18, 1973 we are told that these visits are promoting tax exemption on the first $750 of inter­ better understanding, friendship and peace Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, it is est earned on savings accounts in all between Soviets and our nation. only in recent years that Congress has thrift institutions. It sounds very nice that re<:ently 88 Soviet enacted animal protection legislation. In my view, this is melitol'ious legisla­ youth (of age up to 30 years) could visit Much' has been done over the past 7 tion since it would give an incentive to America. to see our country and discuss prob- September is, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30227 lems with American students in order to transportation. It is the aim of United Cere­ Thoughts on such a misadventure can be build better understanding between nations. bral Palsy Associations, Inc., to assure that divided into three categories-Prevention of But when I met them in front of YMCA all persons with cerebral palsy and other the mishap in the first place; increasing the hotel in Chicago Saturday morning, Aug. 25 handicaps have the opportunity to enjoy life rapidity of rescue secondly; and insuring and reminded them about another young as normally and as fully as possible. The survival in the meantime. man Daniels Bruveris, a musician and piano availability and accessibility of transporta­ PREVENTION tuner (age 26) who has been on a hunger tion suitable for use by the handicapped is This boat missed her landfall because a strike for more than four weeks because he essential to this pursuit. portable radio receiver was occasionally put is not permitted to leave Soviet-ruled Latvia Therefore we urge that: down too near the boat's magnetic compass. and join his wife Rudite, I got a strange an Existing transportation systems be modi­ This is a common occurrence in many boats swer and reaction. fied to meet the needs of persons with lim­ in clear weather when the compass is not Rudite is a young student (age 22) living ited mobility. being used, and the habit can become dan­ in West Germany. Two years ago she visited Future public transportation systems be gerous in fog. Ferrous metals (those con­ Riga, capital of Soviet occupied Latvia and designed, constructed and operated to be ac­ taining iron or nickel) and electric circuits met Daniels. Last January she had a.n op­ cessible to, and to accommodate handicapped affects a compass, and the closer they are portunity to return for another short visit persons, including those who use wheelchairs. within six feet, the greater the error they and she married Daniels there. Both are de­ Special transportation services be made cause. The compass can be compensated for vout Christians. available to persons whose disabilities are so When later Daniels asked Soviet officials wiring and metal which is a permanent part severe that they cannot use any public trans­ of the boat. Nonpermanent equipment of this for permission to join his wife in West Ger­ portation system or who l,ive or work in lo­ kind should be kept at least six feet from many he was told to forget her or be thrown calities where there is no public transporta­ in jail. Letters by Daniels and Rudite and the compass if possible. If it must be stowed tion or where appropriate modifications to closer, the compass card should be checked their relatives and friends to Soviet officials accommodate the handicapped have not been have brought no results. On July 21, in great for movement when the equipment is stowed made. The principle of subsidization which or taken out to see if the card moves. If despair, Daniels started a hunger strike. but obtains for public transportation must also Moscow ignores that also. the card reacts to the equipment, it is too A telephove call to Riga informed me that apply to those special services. close. after four WPeks he is so weak that he could Handicapped drivers and drivers for the Proper charts are essential to identify not get up from his bed. But Daniels has handicapped be given due consideration in buoys which are sighted in fog. The Mako faith in God and he has decided to co:ir,inue such matters as parking privileges, driver carried a No. 265 chart of Nantucket and his hunger strike until he gets permission to education programs, licensing, insurance reg­ surrounding waters, a favorite of local fisher­ join his wife or until he meets death. ulations, safety standards for adaptive equip­ men because it gives the best detail of in­ When I met the Soviet youth at YMCA ment and highway rest areas. shore fishing spots. However, the only buoy hotel, I carried a sign saying: "Show your All public and private agencies providing they sighted was Bell No. 2 in Muskeget love. In the name of God and humanity ask and/or funding programs for the handi­ Channel, which is outside the scope of a Soviets: Let Daniels Bruveris join his wife capped, including United Cerebral Palsy affil­ 265 chart. Had they carried a No. 1209 Rudite." My sign also showed two hearts iates, include appropriate transporation as a chart of Nantucket Sound and Approaches, separated by hammer and sickle. generic component of the implementation extending from Nobska to Rose and Crown I told them that they are welcome here of such services. Shoal, they could have quickly identified the and asked them to bring the problem of buoy and made the beach on Chappaquiddick Daniels and Rudite to their officials. with their remaining fuel. If a Nantucket Despite all my explanations a Soviet youth boat carries any charts at all, a 1209 should be leader answered: "If the Soviet government SURVIVAL AT SEA included. does not give him permission to lea7e, that Anchors and line. The Mako was unusually means that he maybe does not want to well equipped, as small boats go, with two leave." HON. GERRY E. STUDDS anchors and about 125 feet of line, including spare line, and was able to anchor in forty Knowing the facts one could laugh about OF MASSACHUSETTS such an illogical answer, if the situation was feet of water when fuel ran out. Proper not so tragic. After that I was told that they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ground tackle enables a boat without power didn't want to discuss this, because they had Tuesday, September 18, 1973 ( either through fuel exhaustion or engine come to discuss p.roblems concerning ~uild­ trouble) to anchor in a known place and ing better understanding among people. Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, during fis­ avoid drifting to unknown areas, and per­ How can we build better understanding cal year 1972 the U.S. Coast Guard re­ haps more important, it can keep a boat safe and true peace if Soviet officials are so cruel sponded to 60,328 calls for help from both uptide of a dangerous rip. A drifting boat that they don't want even to let two young commercial and private boaters saving can be carried, sooner or later into a tiderip people who are very much in love and mar­ more than 4,200 lives. But almost 1,400 or other sea condition which can swamp or ried to Join each other? Is it too big a de­ capsize the boat. mand to ask for this most basic human right lives were lost in Coast Guard reported An anchor is absolutely essential, and it or has the world changed so much that no­ incidents pointing out the need for con­ must be adequate to hold the boat. The body cares. tinued education of our boating public normal "working" anchor rope is often kept to the dangers of the sea. Last week a short for convenience, to avoid handling ex­ boat with six persons aboard was lost for cessive lengths of line. In this case enough UNITED CEREBRAL PALSY 3 days off the island of Nantucket in my spare line should be carried to bend on to ASSOCIATIONS, INC. district before being rescued by the Coast the regular rope to give at least thret: times the depth of water one might encounter. It Guard. is more important for an anchor rope to be HON. CLAIR W. BURGENER Mr. Thomas Giffin, editor of the Nan­ long enough than for it to be overly heavy, tucket Inquirer and Mirror, has inter­ and extra. length gives it more "give" to ab­ OF CALIFORNIA viewed the captain of this pleasure boat sorb the shock of a pitching boat. One of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and has come up with a number of sound types of plastic rope which fl.oat, don't dete- · Tuesday, September 18, 1973 suggestions for safer boating and sur­ riorate in storage and resist abrasion are vival at sea. In the interest of boating especially good for spare line. Mr. BURGENER. Mr. Speaker, the safety I now offer Mr. Giffin's exception­ RESCUE United Cerebral Palsy Associations, Inc., al article in the hope that my colleagues The Mako lay to an anchor for nearly three adopted a policy statement on "Trans­ will pass it on to their local boating days, usually but not always in fog, at times portation for the Handicapped," which clubs and organizations: with unknown land just barely visible to the deserves the attention of every Mem­ north through the heavy haze. During this ber of this House. It sets forth an ap­ BOATING MISHAP PROVIDES SAFETY LESSONS time a number of boats passed within hear­ proach which would be in our minds as (By Tom Giffin) ing, and once they thought they heard a boat we consider the various proposals that Last week a 19-ft Mako outboard fishing following the usual search procedure of run­ bear on transportation policy or services boat with six people aboard got lost in the ning, then stopping engines and listening­ fog offshore and was the object of an inten­ but they were not detected. Their C02-pow­ for the handicapped. sive air-sea search before being found three ered foghorn was apparently not heard above For this reason, I would like to enter days later, all occupants alive and reason­ the sound of the other boats' engines. Their the policy statement in the RECORD at ably well. One of the fishermen was William kit of small fl.ares was inadequate and in any this time. E. Carlton, a patrolman on the Nantucket event was useless in the fog. (Carlton recom­ POLICY STATEMENT ON TRANSPORTATION FOR police force. An interview with Carlton Tues­ mended that fl.ares carried should be of the THE HANDICAPPED day provided some insights into the safety type fired aloft by a flare pistol). In our mobile society, the achievement aspects of the episode which can be of value If the Mako had carried a working radio ot human rights is heavily dependent upon to other boatmen. transmitter with the appropriate !requen- 30228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 cies, she could have summoned help in short box or two of cookies or whatever to the reg­ bring native-born Taiwanese into the order. Larger boa.ts genera.Uy carry proper ular lunch. Anything might cause a delay, government. radio--but even so, radios do not always work and the food will be welcome. and are subject to all sorts of damage, a.s Exposure to sun by da.y and cold by night The Premier should be commended for well as needing electric power and a.n an­ must be guarded against, by proper clothing these eff'orts. I fervently hope that the tenna. A backup is necessary, and on boats and, in an open boat by weather cloths and people of Taiwan will now begin to enjoy too small to carry duplicate radio gear, and awnings. Carlton said their party improvised a boom in the growth of freedom equal especially on boats too small to be a good this protection by slitting open the boat's to the impressive boom in the economy. radar target, the backup is clearly a radar buoyant cushions and sewing the covers to­ I hope it will become the kind of free reflector. gether with a straightened fish hook and fish country that America can welcome into Had the Mako carried even a small radar line, and he emphasized the desirability of the all too slim ranks of democratically reflector hung up on an oar or fishing rod, having some spare canvas (or a.n old sail) elected governments. they probably would have been picked up at aboard for this. In a di.sabled powerboat, can­ least one day sooner, perhaps two. vas can also be used to juryrig a small sail so I would like to insert an article in the Collapsible radar reflectors are available the boat can sail to leeward 'if desired, with RECORD for the benefit of my colleagues from both Hardy's and Grey Lady of the Sea some command over her course. A ditty bag which aptly describes Taiwan's rapidly for about $7. They stow in a space 12 inches with a leather palm (you can use a block of growing economy. square and an inch deep. They should be wood), a couple o! sail needles, a ball o! sail The article follows: on any small wood or fiberglass boat, power twine and some wax is handy in working [From the New York Times, July 2, 1973] or sail, which ventures beyond the jetties. canvas. Radar reflectors can be homemade, or Suntan lotion should be carried, although TAIWAN ls BUOYED BY A BOOMING ECONOMY sometimes improvised on the spot. You need passengers often bring it with them. A prop­ IN AN UNCERTAIN WORLD three metal or metal foil surfaces at right erly maintained first aid kit ought to be in (By Tillman Durdin) angles, like the corner of a box, open toward any boat, and doubly so if she's going off­ TAIPEI, TAIWAN.-The stable and flourish­ the radar source. Screen or mesh will do shore at all. Motion-sickness pills of some ing domestic situation on Taiwan ts in nicely and lets the wind through. Two rules: standard sort should also be carried, as they marked contrast with the uncertain inter­ any mesh must be smaller than the smallest are in the lifera!ts on modern merchant national future facing this subtropical island radar wavelength-3 centimeters, or about ships, to minimize dehydration. 120 miles off the China coast. an inch and an eighth; and the three metal­ Lastly, Carlton referred to the morale prob­ A cheerfulness, even euphoria, bred of a covered or mesh surfaces must each be longer lem as time stretches out without rescue. steadily rising standard o! living pervades than the longest radar wavelength-9.4 cm., During the war it was recommended that sail­ the predominantly youthful population 9f or about 3 Vz inches. This larger figure ls the ors' "abandon ship kits" carry a pack of cards more than 15 million. radar frequency of the Coast Guard HH-3 to help pass the endless hours. Many did. Expanding private and public construction rescue helicopters and is therefore especially Even in the shorter periods, hours instead is renovating cities, adding new factories important. Most yachts and fishermen use of days, which might be spent nowadays every month and creating an impressive new 3-centimeter radar, as do the Coast Guard a.waiting discovery, a congenial and unobtru­ array of highway, conventional and nuclear 44-footers. sive means of passing the time would be of power stations, railways. ports and other Radar reflectors also constitute good value. utilities across the island. health insurance against being run down by Modern boats are generally well designed With foreign trade regularly soaring to large boats in fog. and built, and in the hands of a competent new heights, the whole economy is expand­ Over and above the basics of a radio if boatman they are generally quite safe. How­ ing by annual leaps of more than 11 per cent. practicable, and a radar reflector in any ever, the unexpected can happen to anyone, Despite heavy defense expenditures and a event, are emergency lights and a flare pistol and the waters of Nantucket Sound and the yearly population growth rate of almost 2 with flares. Portable spotlights which are nearby Atlantic can be dangerous under the per cent, per ca.pita inco:iµe climbs steadily. waterproof and buoyant and float with the wrong circumstances and on very short no­ It has doubled to $400 annually in the last beam up are both good tools and potential tice. Therefore the prudent boatman equips six years and should reach $1,000 in the next lifesavers. However, any light which is used himself and his boat to handle the unex­ five. often should have a fresh battery tightly pected and come through it with minimum POLITICAL TENSIONS REMAIN sealed in a plastic bag somewhere on board. harm to passengers, crew .and boat. Domestic conditions are not without polit­ Pairs of flashlight batteries can be bought ical tensions and sectors of poverty but with this way and should be carried. Premier Chiang Chlng-kuo now in the lead­ SURVIVAL ership role formerly exercised by his sick, In considering survival, the boat comes TAIWAN ECONOMY incapacitated father, President Chiang Kai­ first, the people second, because without the shek. the Nationalist Government is today boat the people won't la.st long, if that. functioning more effectively and is more Getting and keeping water out of the highly regarded by the people than at any boat independently of a dead engine is pri­ HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) ST ARK time since it retreated from the China ma.in­ mary. Hand pumps are good. Sometimes a OF CALIFORNIA land in 1949. good bailer is better, either a bucket or one IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Yet the Government is without member­ cut from a two-qua.rt plastic bottle. And ship in the United Nations or any other ma­ again, a good anchor with enough spare Thursday, September 13, 1973 jor international political grouping and ls line. Protection against heavy spray a.nd the Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker. I too am recognized by only one big power, the United tops of seas coming aboard is afforded by a impressed witL. the economic progress of States, and 36 countries in Latin America and canvas weather cloth building up the gun­ the Republic of China. This tiny country Africa, slightly more than a quarter of the wales. These were carried ( after bitter ex­ has experienced a phenomenally high United Nations members. United States rec­ perience) in all U.S. World War II lifeboats, ognition, moreover, is compromised as Wash­ and can be improvised from spare canvas growth rate over the past decade. ington has exchange liaison missions with the carried on board. I also recognize that the Republic of Peking Government, which now occupies the With the boat safe, the people must be China has been strongly pro-United United Nations seat formerly held by Taipei, kept alive in the face of exposure, thirst States. However, I must hasten to point and ls gaining increasing acceptance and and, eventually, hunger. All, repeat all, out to my colleagues that this nation is prestige around the world. boats sailing the Sound or fishing the rips as totalitarian a state as the People's Re­ As long planned by his falling 86-year-old should carry some water. The heavier plas­ father, Chiang Ching-kuo has, at age 63, in­ public of China. It may be that develop­ herited his father's political power, which he tic containers of bleach or antifreeze are ing countries require a strongly con­ suitable if kept a.way from sharp metal edges yields as Premier, a position he assumed a that can cut them (and when empty they trolled economy in order to progress. But year ago. can provide emergency flotation). One quart once the standard of living reaches the CRAcKDOWN ON CORRUPI'ION for each two people carried seems a. reason­ high level which appears to be enjoyed It has been a smooth transfer of power. able minimum. A note here: Seasickness by the people of Taiwan, one should ex­ The younger Mr. Chiang, who over the years takes a person well down the road to dehy­ pect a loosening of such tight controls a.s chief of security, defense minister and dration, and once victims have their sea.legs over the lives of the people. There is no deputy premier carefully saw to the appoint­ back they will need additional amounts of room for secret police tactics and mili­ ment of reliable men in key Government, water. tary dictatorship. military and party posts, has now taken Permanent emergency rations present more I am pleased to note that Premier firm hold of affairs. Younger men have been of a problem, but boats which go offshore favored and oldsters who formed a clique regularly might consider carrying them. Chiang Ching-Kuo has eased some of the around the President eased aside. So far Short of official rations, a few cans of pre­ restrictions imposed by his father, Presi­ officers of the armed forces have accepted cooked meats in a plastic bag (to deter rust) dent ':!hiang Kai-shek. Premier Chiang his leadership with good grace despite a 10 don't take up much space. Day-sailors cer­ has also reduced the ranks of the quite per cent cut ordered in the oversized 600,000- tainly shouldn't hesitate to add an extra large military force and has begun to man defense forces. September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30229 Premier Chiang has improved the structure and other manufactures, and more ts on the I became ill four years and a few months of the Government, cracked down on corrup­ way. Americans are the biggest foreign in­ ago and as a result of the illness I am now tion, fostered measures facilitating domestic vestors in Taiwan, but the Japanese are not paralyzed-confined to a wheelchair, mobile and foreign investment, encouraged private far behind and Europeans a.re becoming in­ by car and in good health with no complica­ enterprise and given stronger emphasis than creasingly interested. tions which would keep me from performing before to social welfare. With armament and equipment being up­ a job. Many of his new appointees are graduates graded, the armed forces, despite manpower I have my high school diploma, a B.A. de­ of American universities. Some have been cuts, remain capable of making a strong de­ gree in Sociology and a M.S.W. degree in So­ called from professional posts in the United defense of Taiwan, suffiicient to give the cial Work, and two years of work experience States. He has also put many Taiwanese into militarily stronger Chinese Communists in that area. I have not yet been able to say important positions in the Government and pause. that all these credentials have worked in my the ruling Kuomintang, or Nationalist party, With this as the first string in the Nation­ favor. apparently in the belief that the long-range aliSt bow and economic power the second, Firstly no one felt I was able to return future of Taiwan lies mainly with the ma­ Nationalist leaders continue to regard to social work-their decision, not mine. Be­ jority, native-born Taiwanese, instead of Taiwan's potential for a separate existence cause I had those degrees I was not eligible those who came with the Government from as considerable. for training in another area although I ex­ the mainland. pressed interest to do so as a court recorder He has also raised his standing with the and transcriber, a braille reader and tran­ ordinary people by visiting farmers, laborers scriber, an interpreter for the deaf, a library and office workers and making frequent plat­ THE PLIGHT OF ONE BLACK HANDI­ archivist, or in some area of journalism. I form and television appearances. His Gov­ have had work experience as a library archi­ CAPPED PERSON WHO IS FEMALE vist and an interest in the other areas. I as­ ernment still has secret police underpin­ INSTEAD OF MALE, A VETERAN OF nings, but he has considerably softened and sumed if I could get training in some of these · liberalized it. BENIGN NEGLECT AND NOT THE areas there would be no legitinia te reason "Economically and in every other way Tai­ VIETNAM WAR for any employer to reject me as a prospec­ wan has proved its qualifications to be an tive employee. I am still interested in these independent state," said an important Tai­ ares..s. If you have any idea who I might con­ wanese, "but we are pawns in a big game. HON. ANDREW YOUNG tact to get additional information, please respond. Right now the old man and the young man OF GEORGIA (President Chiang and his son), Peking and In my struggle to become self sufficient Washington are all against it. So it's best IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES again I have gone the complete gamut; wel­ we wait and see." Tuesday, September 18, 1973 fare, social security, medicaid, etc. Employ­ ment rejections are too numerous to men­ LIVING STANDARDS RAisED Mr. YOUNG of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, tion. I am not naive to the point where I By raising living standards Taiwan's re­ seldom have I heard a more poignant would apply for Jobs which I could not per­ markable economic growth has made a major and tragic account of a human expe­ form well. I have had all of the qualifica­ contribution to defusing social and political rience than the one told by Miss Mae F. tions for the jobs for which I have applied. dissatisfactions. At the same time the expan­ The social attitude which rejects the physi­ sion ls beginning to give Taiwan, with its big Johnson, a constituent of mine. cally handicapped affects our lives socially, favorable balance of payments and a dollar In a moving letter, Miss Johnson tells emotionally, environmentally, culturally and so strong it was recently revalued upward, how she was educated through the grad­ economically. It limits our vocational poten­ real strength in international affairs. uate level, became a social worker, and tial and in a way makes it seem as if we are The gross national product this year will then was stricken by illness which left at your mercy to decide not what we are be around $8-billion and foreign trade, with her paralyzed. Today, at 28, this young capable of doing but what you decide we exports heavily exceeding imports, will rise, black woman can find no meaningful should do. Case closures, statistics, seem to on the basis of 1973 performance so far, by be more important than the preservation of around 60 per cent and total almost as much employment in her profession, and no life and integrity. Get a job, any job, it as the entire G.N.P. training for work in other areas of her need not be what you want to do, what you Trade with the United States alone reached interest. are capable of doing, it need not provide you $2-billion la.st year and this year may total Miss Johnson raises some difficult with adequate income-but because you are $3-billion, with a surplus in Taiwan's favor questions in her lette1. Sadly, our so­ doing something, we are finished with you. of $1-billion. Textiles, millions of television ciety has not yet produced satisfactory So it has been with me. There is no valid sets and other electronic products, footwear, answers to these questions. As she says: reason why I should not be working in the machinery, processed foods, plywood, fishery The social attitude which rejects the area for which I am qualified. products, bicycles, sugar, pork and other Insurance companies will not insure me items are pouring into world markets in physically handicapped affects our lives so­ cially, emotionally, environmentally, cul­ because I am considered a high risk, the Job ever-increasing volunie. I am holding now will not cover any pre­ "Taiwan is having the highest rate of turally and economically. It limits our vo­ cational potential and in a way makes it existing condition until a six month period growth in foreign trade of any significant passes. seem as if we are at your mercy to decide trading nation in the world," says W1lliam My earning power is less than % of what B. Morrell Jr., economic counselor of the not what we are capable of doing but what you decide we sh0uld do. Case closures, sta­ it would have been if L had not become para­ United States Embassy here. "In the next tistics, seem to be more important than lyzed. My living expenses have increased be­ ten years Taiwan will be among the first 16 cause I am having to pay all my medical trading nations and will move to sixth place, the preservation of life and integrity. Get a job, any job, it need not be what you want expenses. Can't find any assistance because with a $6-b1llion two-way trade, in exchange the $80.00 I take home a week niake me with the U.S." to do, what you are capable of doing, it need not provide you with adequate income-­ ineligible for assistance. I have gone without WAGES RISING STEADILY but because you are doing something, we are necessary medical attention because I have Wages are rising steadily but so far indus­ finished with you. So it has been with me. been unable to pay. I have not been able trious, low-cost labor conibined with stable to shop for groceries in months-have been government, a generally high level of educa­ Mr. Speaker, I submit for the RECORD relying on vitamins, fruits, juices, very se­ tion, attractive investment laws and reason­ Miss Johnson's letter, which I hope will lect foods which are not too expensive. If able taxation have sparked the current ex­ stimulate fresh thinking and commit­ it were not for the availability of getting pansion. Manufacturers are moving from ment to developing an enlightened, hu­ a luncn at work for 63 cents my diet would light, labor-intensive to heavy, more tech­ be even more deficient. mane and intelligent approach to the I am 28 years of age, quite capable of nologically advanced, capital-intensive in­ problems of the physically handicapped. dustries. An integrated m1llion-tons-a-year working but still unable to provide for my­ steel mill, more petrochemical plants, en­ The letter follows: self without assistance from my family. This \-arged shipbuilding fa.cilltles, automobile NATIONAL PARAPLEGIC, INC., situation is taking its toll on me physically manufacturing and nuclear power plants are Atlanta, Ga. and emotionally. If my brother did not share major new ventures already under way. Congressman ANDREW YOUNG, expenses with me I would not be able to do In its strategy for survival the Government Washington, D.O. what I am doing now. is counting heavily on Taiwan's trade and DEAR CONGRESSMAN YOUNG: I want to very I have been told that I am a very rare growing econoniic potential. Hopes are that explicitly cite a situation, my own, which case being that I have the qualifications to through building a social system, an econ­ should be given some attention and serious perform many tasks well and I am capable consideration since you are now in a position oniy and a world trade both big and success­ of thinking for myself and making decisions ful, with foreign investors and entrepreneurs where you can act as a change agent. heavily involved, world nations will ulti­ This is just one example of the plight of which are most compatible with my situa-­ mawly uphold Taiwan's right to remain out­ one Black handicapped person who, seem­ tion. side Chinese Communist control. ingly unfortunately, is female Instead of My inquires are these: So far, $350-m1111on has already been in­ male, a veteran of benign neglect and not the 1. Is there any medical assistance I am vested here by major concerns, in electronics Vietnam war. eligible for? 30230 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973

2. What ways a.re available to fight job WHERE'S THE THANKS FOR AMERICA'S Am? disorimination against the handicapped? Resolution 271 in an effort to get some­ (By Paul Harvey) thing started to resolve the one big and 3. Why a.re we asked just as ex-cons, ex­ Gordon Sinclair is a Canadian commenta­ mental patients, ex-anything to prove our­ tor. most important problem remaining in selves all over again? Who decided to set If he were a dues-paying American he'd be Southeast Asia for the United States­ that precedent and how do you get rid of it? labeled a selfish isolationist. that of our MIA's. It has taken time, but 4. Why are we rejected for coverage by But he's a Canadian who may see us even the response has been good from my insurance companies and yet are not eligible more clearly from that distance. colleagues and at the present moment I for any other medical assistance? He says: have 102 cosponsors for this measure. If 5. Why can't we get other kinds of train­ "Sixty yea.rs ago when I first started read­ ing if we find employment difficult in areas this goodly number accurately reflects ing newspapers I was reading of floods on the the concern of this body on the matter of already trained for whether it be college level Yellow River a.nd the Yangtze. And who was or graduate level? rushing in with men and money to heal the MIA's, and I have no reason to believe it 6. Are there State and Federal monies hurt and repair the damage and feed the does not, in my view, it is high time to available for further study for handicapped hungry? Americans. get the legislation moving and this is persons? "In the days before the dams, there were what I intend to concentrate on in the Please accept my sincere thanks for the devastating floods in the Nile delta. And who days ahead. assistance you are able to give. Would you went without even waiting to be asked? believe I would receive more benefits on So­ Since the Congress recessed in August, Americans. nothing further has been achieved on cial Security than I am receiving now? Why . "And when there were floods a.long the can't social security payments be adjusted Amazon or the Niger or the Ganges? Ameri­ this matter and meanwhile the anguish until work potential is at maximum capacity? cans to the rescue. and bitterness of the next-of-kin of those Sincerely, "This year, 1973, the floods came along the who sit and wait for results grows deeper MAE F. JOHNSON, Secretary. bottom lands of Middle America. Which of and deeper. Secretary of State-designate P.S. I am not just speaking for myself. I their foreign friends offered to help bail the Henry Kissinger, himself, recently con­ am a member of the Ga. Chapter of National Americans out? No .one. firmed that not an inch of progress has Paraplegic Inc. Any information you have "Germany, Japan, Britain a.nd Italy were been made. In my view, the passage of which you feel will be beneficial to us-we lifted up from the debris of wa.r by Ameri­ feel there is hope, but we need a.11 the help cans who gave billions in aid and forgave bil­ this House concurrent resolution would we can get. lions in debt. bolster his hand, focus public opinion on "When the French franc was threatened the issue again, and perhaps persuade the with collapse in 1956, American dollars raced North Vietnamese and Vietcong that they BEAUTIFUL TRIBUTE BY CANADIAN to the rescue. The only reward Americans have one small ounce of humanitarian­ COMMENTATOR TO AMERICAN ever received for that selflessness was to be ism in their Marxist bones. Almost any­ GENEROSITY WITH NO APPRE­ insulted a.nd swindled in the streets of Paris. thing would be better than what the "When the earthquakes happen elsewhere Congress is now doing about the issue, CIATION AND NO RECIPROCITY American dollars, expected, arrive. As in Managua., Nicaragua, recently. which is almost nothing at the moment. "This year, 59 communities in the United Neither the American people nor the HON. JOE L. EVINS States were devastated by tornadoes. Not one North Vietnamese and Vietcong should OF TENNESSEE peso, pound, franc or lira. ca.me back. Not one. be allowed to forget their unfulfilled ob­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "The Marshall Plan and the Truman Doc­ ligations. I, for one, do not intend to let trine pumped billions of American dollars the matter rest. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 into defeated and discouraged countries, into Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, miserable, backward, or mismanaged coun- the c~rent edition of Humanb Events tr~~;"aw the newspapers in those countries contams an excellent art~cle Y Com- · a.re making Jokes about our diluted dollar INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING mentator Paul HarVE:Y quotmg comme~ts which dissipated its strength on them. made by Gordon Smclair, a Canadian "Technocracy to Japanese means radios. commentator, with respect to the gen- . "Technocracy to the Germans means HON. JEROME R. WALDIE erosity and hospitality which the United cameras and cars. · OF CALIFORNIA States has shown other nations. "Technocracy, American-styl~, puts men IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr Sinclair points out that the United on the n_ioon. And then shares with the world Tuesday, September 18, 1973 Stat~ came. to the rescue of a number th~J~~c~~~~~::~~fs!:i:~~~g:;;e, her pub- Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, the integ­ of other nations following World War II lie scandal uglies her image on the front and following economic crises in those pages of the world. In the same nations rity, resourcefulness, and toughness of nations-with the Marshall plan and American labels were removed from gratui­ the working press has been demonstrated f oreign aid program-but that when the tous foreign aid. to us quite frequently during recent United States ran into a problem with "When Americans get themselves out of months of the Watergate investigation. the valuation of the dollar, no nation this bind-and they will-I'd not blame them I strongly feel the efforts of these pub­ lishers, reporters, and editors have con­ .stepped forwar~ to return the favor. if .!~!t~~~ebody else build foreign dams, tributed much to the understanding and The Canadian commentator also buy Israeli bonds redesign foreign buildings strengthening of press rights granted pointed out that- so they won't sh~ke apart in a quake.' under the Constitution. Germany, Japan, Brita.in a.nd Italy were "I can name 5,000 times when Americans lifted up from the debris of war by Ameri- have raced to help other people in trouble; Too often, citizens receive this re­ cans who gave billions in a.id and forgave they have to be the most generous and the awakening of understanding concerning billions in debt. least appreciated people on earth. freedom of the press through the ambi­ "And when they get their government re- tious efforts of large metropolitan daily He said further th~t when earthquakes organized and their dollar revitalized, I newspapers or network television sta­ and disasters occur m other nations, the wouldn't blame them if they just said 'To tions. Smaller media outlets are often United States provides assistance but hell with the rest of the world.'!" 0 overlooked and receive little praise for this year, 59 communities in the United But they won't. exhibiting the same type of reportorial States were devastated by tornadoes" diligence which resulted in the afore­ and "not one peso, paund, franc or lira mentioned Watergate disclosures. came back-not one." 102 MEMBERS SPONSOR MIA RESOLUTION It is a pleasure for me to bring the Mr. Sinclair adds: attention of the House to one such news­ I can name 6,000 times when Americans paper, the County Employee, a publica­ have raced to help other people in trouble; tion of the Los Angeles County Employees they have to be the most generous and the HON. ROBERT J. HUBER least appreciated people on earth. OF MICHIGAN Association. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In its August 15 issue, the Employee Because of the interest of my col­ 1973 published a story disclosing the fact that leagues and the American people in this Tuesday, September 18, electronic bugging devices had been matter, I place this article in the RECORD. Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, back in placed in a division office of the Los An­ The article follows: July, I introduced House Concurrent geles County Clerk. The story aroused September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30231 the concern not only of public employees Statute of the Council of Europe and its par­ tion and its own Rules of Procedure and that but citizens throughout the Los Angeles ticular clauses relating to Human Rights and it has not yet decided to communicate these to International Treaties, Covenants, Dec­ cases to the respondent Government (sic, County area. The story was developed by larations and Protocols on Human Rights. Governments) for observations on their ad­ Assistant Editor Zita Ginsburg. Ms. Gins­ The Commission decided- missibility and whether or not to do so when burg's article triggered followup stories . " ... to maintain its decision of 1 June 1973 it has received the detailed information by several radio and television outlets _in not to proceed with its examination of these mentioned above . . . California and brought statewide atten­ applications until you have submitted the In response to this, counsel for Applicants tion to the unethical question of eaves­ detailed information with regard to each one points out that the snail's pace justice of the dropping on employees during their of the applicants previously requested; ..." European Comxnission is further proof that working hours. In response to the above, the Applicants the existence of the Commission and the reiterate that each and every individual European Court ot Human Rights and the Her effort certainly is a tribute to in­ Power of Attorney on file adopted, in toto, passage of the Convention are despairing and dividual effort and motivation. But it the sworn allegations of Applicant Patrick endless tunnels of futility and decries every also again illustrates to me the great Brendan McDonnell and that of his mother, valid reason for its continued existence. asset the Nation has in a probing press. Brigid Toolan McDonnell and all allegations More than 99 % of all applications tiled It could most certainly be a standard of the Application filed 12 July 1972. with the Commission since its origination for all reporters, in any segment of our Applicants, individually and collectively, have been rejected. It is the consensus of vast national media, to follow. adopt all allegations and Memoranda of Law world scholars 1,hat the creation of the Com­ in all previous pleadings herein filed in the mission and the European Court are a judi­ same manner and form as 1f set out here in cial-political hoax and a grim betrayal of in haec verba. the hopeless and helpless victims of totalitar­ The Application filed 10 July 1972 repudi­ THE FIGHT FOR JUSTICE IN ian oppression. ates the position taken by the Commission. Inqmry is Justifiably made as to what real NORTHERN IRELAND All the detailed information required is purpose the European Commission of Human painstakingly itemized in the Class Action Rights can possibly serve. Based on the as­ Petition for the Writ of Habeas Corpus filed sumption that the Commission was estab­ in the City of Belfast, Northern Ireland, High lished to act for Applicant-Claimants who HON. MARIO BIAGGI Court on or about 20 September 1971, the could not find satisfaction in international OF NEW YORK Petition fl.led and served on Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth of the United Kingdom, courts as supported by the Commission's own IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Prrme Minister Edward Heath, the then Charter, it may be deduced that the Conven­ tion is a sham, that the Commission is a Tuesday, September 18, 1973 Home Secretary Reginald Maudling, and on the then Prime Minister of Northern Ireland, farce, and that the European Court of Hu­ Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the fight­ Brian Faulkner, and others in the govern­ man Rights is a mockery. Given the data ing in Northern Ireland continues with ment of Northern Ireland. that more than 6000 applications have been more killings of innocent people and de­ Patrick Brendan McDonnell's mother's filed over a period of 20 years, that action was struction of the rights of citizens. While Affidavit, specifically adopted by each an~ served upon a mere 10 before the European eve-ry Applicant in spelling out the justifiable Court and that some 50 cases were settled English troops occupy the province vir­ extralegally-it is patent that mischief, de­ tually under martial law, most countries allegations for invoking the habeas corpus function of the Commission and for compen­ ceit and immorality are afoot. of the world have taken a standoff atti­ sation for wrongful imprisonment, physical The Commission's self declared insensitive tude. It is particularly disturbing here and psychological torture, under Article 5 ( 4), apathy and disability to act can only further in America that our Government does Article 5 ( 5) , and seeking compliance with the attitude of distrust of the victims who not protest this denial of human and Article 6, Article 7, Article 8, Article 9, Ar­ are skeptical in many cases of the "political civil rights in Northern Ireland. ticle 10, Article 11, Article 13 and Article 14 judicial system of justice." Human Rights one great American, Luis Kutner, of further repudiates the position of the Com­ scholars are concerned that the Comxnission Chicago, an attorney who bas dedicated mission on the issue of specificity in detail. should be the exact opposite of its tergiver­ If the European Commission is truly con­ sating intentions and practical effects. It is his llfe to fighting for the rights of the cerned With fulfilling its voluntarily assumed clear, beyond any peradventure of doubt, that poor, the illegally convicted and incar­ obligations under the Human Rights clauses the Commission sees fit to continue the role cerated and the oppressed, has taken of the Statute of the Council of Europe, they of condoning governmental oppression. It is the case of the persecuted minority in are directed to do so under the high sounding obvious that if a judicial forum chooses not Northern Ireland to the European Com­ Preamble, wherein the High Contracting to become part of a solution then it becomes mission of Human Rights. Parties: a part of the problem. · This summer I included in . the CoN­ "Reaffirm their devotion to the spiritual The Commission fails to fulfill tbe maxim and moral values which are the common "amicus human! generis" (friend of the hu­ GRESSIONAL RECORD his brief before that heritage of their peoples and the true source man race). Commission detailing the :flagrant abuses of individual freedom, political liberty and Counsel for Applicants ls constrained to on the part of the British and the regu­ the rule of law, principles which form the observe that the Comxnission, With unerring lar denial of civil and human rights to basis of all genuine democracy.... " self serving lucidity, disobliging insight, Ulster citizens. Article 3 requires that every Member of the idiosyncratic approaches and bleak non se­ The Commission chose to ignore the Council of Europe must accept the principles quiturs, occupies the pinnacle of "Deum cole call for justice made by Attorney Kutner of the rule of law and of the enjoyment by regem serva" (worship God and save the and declined to consider his brief based all persons within its jurisdiction of Human Queen). Rights and fundamental freedoms and col­ In the past 20 years, and particularly in its on technical grounds. laborate and effectively participate in the procrastinatory approach to become involved To further enlighten my colleagues on realization of the aim of the Council as in the situation in Northern Ireland since the terrible travesty of justice and hu­ specified in the Statute. 9 August 1971, and with the allegations filed man rights occurring in Northern Ire­ ll by the Republic of Ireland on or about 10 land, I will include in the RECORD at this November 1971 and the six applications filed The Commission Indicates "that if the de­ by attorneys Kevin Boyle and Hurst Han­ point the first part of Mr. Kutner's brief tailed information requested is not furnished in rebuttal made on a motion to recon­ num on or about March 1972 and the Appli­ (which it has) they will assume the paternal cations herein, the evidence is clear and over­ sider his initial case: attitude to safeguard the interests of the whelming that the Commission gives more MOTION TO RECONSIDER RULING BY EUROPEAN Applicants to write directly to the Applicant than tacit approval for humanicide, the sys­ COMMISSION OF HUMAN RIGHTS OF JULY 25, to explain the situation regarding the sub­ tematic oppression and human rights deci­ 1973 AND BRIEF IN SUPPORT THEREOF xnission of his case ..." mations of whole xninorities. Now comes Luis Kutner, pursuant to in­ In response to that position, counsel for This evidence is found in the Commission's dividual Powers of Attorney by Applicants Applicants welcomes the initiative suggested docket record of inactivity in the light of by the Commission. The time is long overdue herein and makes this Motion to the Euro­ the serious need for multinational persuasion pean Commission to Reconsider its Rulings for the Commission to do something which the Applicants have been seeking ever since for true and substantive justice. in response to Applicants' Motion and Brief Counsel for applicants suggests that this of 21 June 1973, for the following reasons: the Black Day of August 9, 1971, when the 1) That the European Commission has Respondents subjected the Applicants to alone points out to those in the world con­ arbitrarily based its decision on procedural arbitrary arrest, physical and psychological cerned with implementation of Human grounds in derogation of the. substantive torture, inhuman and degrading treatment Rights that the Commission's true purpose grounds alleged by the Applicants, an_d .. and punishment. is that of giving retired English Lords and 2) That the Ruling of the European Com­ III Magistrates a forum to fo-ul the winds of mission 1s based on inaccuracies and in clear The Commission :further rules that it de­ change while maintaining the status quo repudiation of the relevant Articles of the rives its competence solely from the Conven- which furnishes the opportunity to discharge 30232 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 irresponsibility for the offending Govern­ Applications, when each Applicant has consideration of human rights without re­ ments of Europe. adopted specifically the Affidavit and Appli­ gard to the requirements of public safety :rv . cation of Patrick Brendan McDonnell and his and order. The search for tacit approval 1s rather mother, it would appear that this is a ploy, superfluous however, when the Commission and rather a poor one at that, so that the rules: ( regarding the eight particular re­ Commission members might excuse them­ SCRIPPS-HOWARD CALLS FOR VETO quests of counsel dated 21 June 1973) selves respectably and later voice their dis­ OVERRIDE ON MINIMUM WAGE As to 1: "the applications cannot be pro­ may at the turn of events of the Nazi con­ ceeded with as one collective application, ditions prevailing in Northern Ireland. As to 2: "the Commission has no com­ One would observe that the members of petence itself to receive any such petitions the Commission speak in no tongues of re­ HON. WILLIAMS. MOORHEAD for habeas corpus, ligious and mystic piety; but they speak a OF PENNSYLVANIA distinct Cockney. As to 3: "the Commission has no power to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES issue any directives to the respondent Gov­ The Commission should hear the tongues ernment of the kind suggested, (since) it is of the suffering men who are tortured and Tuesday, September 18, i973 not clear how the names of "all persons ar­ lllegally detained. They speak the language rested detained or interned from August 10, of human and inhumane experience. The ears Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. 1971 to the present are relevant to the al­ of the world have heard and a.re hearing Mr. Speaker, the Pittsburgh Press, a legations of the present individual appli­ their cries. Scripps-Howard newspaper, published an cants, VJ: editorial, on September 10, calling for As to 4: "that the Commission is not con­ With reference to the Commission's ruling the Congress to "summon up the courage cerned in the present cases with the condi­ that it has no habeas corpus competency, to override" the President's veto of the tions of detention in the various detention . counsel for Applicants disagrees. minimum wage bill. centres in Northern Ireland in general, ••• The rights under Articles 5 and 6 of the that most of the applicants were released Convention, pertaining to criminal proceed­ When we vote Wednesday on the mo­ from detention prior to the introduction of ings, are among those which a.re most fre­ tion, I hope we bear in mind the millions any of the present applications ... and, that quently invoked before the Strasbourg or­ of American workers who are not covered the Commissio_n cannot appoint delegates to gans. The habeas corpus function of the under any minimum wage laws and the obtain information . . . ( even though legal Convention tends to. predominate. This is millions of others that work, but for aid has been requested because counsel for confirmed by the applications declared ad­ wages that barely allow sustenance. Applicants has been acting without fee and missible by the Commission and especially by I would like to include that editorial in spending substantial sums of money on be­ the nature of the cases brought before the half of the Northern Ireland retainees as an European Court of Human Rights. Of the the RECORD at this time: obligation to world public interests), eight cases decided by the court, all, except MINIMUM-WAGE VETO As to 5: "that the Special Powers Act regu­ the case concerned with Belgium's linguistic Anyone familiar with the cost of living lations have already been repealed at the problem, have had to do with some phase must wonder how President Nixon can justify date of April 2, 1973-(a.n untrue and inac­ of criminal law and procedure: detention on his veto la.st week of a bill that would raise curate statement as will be demonstrated the remand in Ireland; forms of punish­ the $1.60 minimum hourly wage to $2 an subsequently) , ment and proceedings in cassation in Bel­ hour in November and to $2.20 an hour next As to 6 and 7: "that counsel for applicants gium; the requirements of a fair trial in July. is reminded that the cases have not been Denmark; the reasonable length of criminal The President argues that the $2.20 figure communicated to the respondent Govern­ proceedings and some aspects of the "equal­ would represent a 37% per cent raise for the ment, ity of arms" in Austria; and the reasonable lowest-paid workers in less than one year. As to 8: "that the Commission has not yet length of detention on remand in Germany But consumer prices have risen so rapidly taken any decision as to the admissibility of and Austria. that a worker who earned $1.60 an hour in these applications and therefore has not The Convention anticipates a "common 1968 (when the minimum was last raised) reached the state of adopting a. report under standard" of fair administration of justice would· need well over $2 an hour today just Articles 30 or 31 of the Convention." in the member states of the Council of Eu­ to keep pace with inflation. v rope, for in the last paragraph of the pream­ Mr. Nixon would like to spread out the ble the Convention is described as an expres­ increase by raising the minimum to $1.90 an The Commission further objects to the sion of the common European heritage. This hour now and to $2.30 an hour over the next fact that a journalist in Strasbourg has re­ demonstrates the conviction of the drafts­ three yea.rs so that marginal workers-­ ceived documents relating to the case and men of the text of the Convention that the especially young ones-won't wind up getting abjures counsel that proceedings before the different systems of criminal proceedings in fired in a job squeeze. Commission a.re confidential. The Commis­ force in the member states of the Council But this go-slow approach to helping the sion further sets up its self-exculpatory of Europe are compatible with the Conven­ lowest-paid workers ls hard to defend when position to ultimately declare the Petitions tion. Nevertheless, an examination of the the cost of living ls skyrocketing and the inadmissible by reserving the right to con­ texts of the various codes of criminal proce­ latest wholesale-price increase ls the sharpest sider them inadmissible based on the abuse dure reveal remarkable divergencies, even of since 1946. of the right of petition. provisions which are or at least should be The President contends that a. lower mini­ The Commission further objects to un­ influenced by the framework of the Conven­ mum wage for teen-agers would encourage authorized publicity which might be con­ tion. This scheme, as some sort of European employers to hire more out-of-school young sidered a. basis for procedurally dismissing basic law, opens new possibilities for com­ people, many of whom are wandering around the petitions. parative law studies in the fields directly with nothing to do. In response, counsel refers to the issue of affected by the Convention, and furthermore, An answer to that ls more temporary jobs. publicity. Applicants aver on behalf of them­ could be the beginning of new efforts on the But once a young person enters the full-time selves and all other Irish internees currently part of states in harmonizing or even unify­ job market he should be paid the same wages in prisons and those imprisoned and re­ ing their laws. The prospects and potential in for unskilled work-whether it be serving a leased, that despotic governments function thiS regard suggest that the Convention hamburger or digging a ditch-as anyone else with great success under the midnight cloak could even be regarded as a forerunner to doing the same job. of secrecy. The Commission is reminded of an international bill of procedural rights. Of course, the motives of labor leaders the maxim "alitur vitium vivitque tegendo," The Convention has contributed a great who support minimum-wage bills a.re not (the taint is nourished and lives by being deal to the humanization of criminal pro­ entirely altruistic. concealed) . ceedings, a.nd to the pl'otection of the indi­ · Some no doubt see a higher minimum as Since vice thrives by conspiracy, coun­ vidual against the exercise of arbitrary pow­ a wedge to jack up the wages of union work­ sel for Applicants takes exception to the er by police authorities and penal systems in men all a.long the line. Also, higher wages astringent comments and rambling permu­ general. The rights· of the defense under Ar­ often mean higher union dues. tational procedural techniques of the Com­ ticle 6 of the Convention, and the principle Nor ls it necessarily wise to bring easily mission. The Commission's exudation of cold that any serious doubt left in the mind of displaced workers, such as household domes­ disparagement ls chilling and abhorrent. the judge by a gap in the evidence must in­ tics, under the minimum-wage umbrella, as The Commission seems to be beating the vetoed bill would do. around the bush looking for lllusory game evitably result in an acquittal, will help to of inadmissibility when the game of truth avoid the conviction of one who ls innocent. Nevertheless, Congress should summon up stalks the hunter-and in broad daylight On the other hand, trial safeguards must be the courage to override this veto. nonetheless. One wonders what hum.an rights prevented from finally becoming wha.t has And if it doesn't, a.s now seems likely, the concern the Commission. The ages of Mani- sometimes been said to be true of codes of President should come up with a compromise fest Destiny have past, as have the days of criminal procedure in general, namely the proposal that may not satisfy all sides but Benevolent Authoritarianism. "Magna Carta. of criminals." Human rights will not deprive millions of Americans of a If the CommisSion is calling for individual scholars warn of the dangers of a.n isolated decent minimum wage. September 18, 197.3 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30233 WE MUST OVERRIDE THE PRESI­ see how this legishtlon can be called infla­ a glimpse of the last outing involving the tionary. The workers.who would benefit need Babe. . DENT'S VETO OF THE MINIMUM the extra income 1.ladly. My old Yankee roommate of other days, WAGE BILL TO PROVIDE A LIVING "We do not honor the work ethic when we Jumping Joe Dugan, was shifting his. weight WAGE FOR AMERICAN WORKERS allow the rewards of work to be less than from one foot· to the other beside me. the rewards of welfare." "Gee, it's hot," he muttered in a. stage "I F..m a. worker who needs more money not whisper. "I wish I had a cold beer." HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL less money." Just then the bronze casket moved past us at its slow measured pace. OF NEW YORK "I think it is aLsolutely inhu.-£an for Con­ gress to allow the Pr~.,ident to get a.way with "So would he," I whispered to Dugan, IN THE HOUSE.OP REPRESENTATIVES the veto ... He ha.s the audacity to say it ls nodding toward our old friend. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 inflationary, what about high prices, how In my mind, time was rushing back nearly does he expect us to live? . 30 years to the day I first met him in the Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow, "The poorest workers of our nation cannot clubhouse of Fenway Park in Boston. the House is scheduled to vote on the hope to keep pace with the increasing cost of It was July of 1919. He was 24. I was a. question of overriding. the President's living without this sorely-needed and long couple of months away from my 20th birth­ veto of H.R. 7935, the Fair Labor Stand­ overdue legislation." day. ard Amendments of 1973. "It places the onus for inflation on the very Ed Barrow, the manager of the Red Sox, This will be an historic occasion. For people who h .. ve suffered most. It blames was introducing his new, young pitcher to the victims for the crime." his teammates. I had met Sad Sa.m Jones the first time in U.S. history, a President "This nominal increase would assist these ... Stuffy Mcinnis ... Ossie Vitt ..• Harry has vetoed such a measure which was workers in coping with a. c.Jst of living in­ Hooper ... Mike McNally ••. and now we designed to increase the wages for the crease of 33 % since the last amendment in came to Ruth's locker. Nation's worst-paid workers. The Presi­ 1966." The big fellow had his back to us, pulling dent, in his veto message, st~ted that "In vetoing this long c,verdue wage increase up the heavy socks we wore in those da.ys. such a measure would cause w1despre~d for the worst-paid workers in. America, the When he turned and looked up, I sa.w a wide, President deliberatPl:,' perpetuated many swarthy, rather homely fa.ce, expectant eyes inflation and unemployment. However, and a wave of black, curly hair that dripped past experiences and reports issued from myths about tl..e work~g poor .... Fraukly, we had hoped for better leadership from the down over his forehead like a bottle of the President's Cabinet have shown that President of the United Stat s than a. presi­ spilled ink: this would not be the case. dential -ndorsement of myths which are the "This is Waite Hoyt, our new pitcher," As we all know, the minimum wage well-spring of re.clal and class prejudice. Barrow said. for most workers has not been adjusted President I,ixon ls the first presiden~ in his­ Babe cracked, "A little young to be up for 5 years. During this time, inflation tory to veto a. minimum uage increase.'' here, aren't you?" "I'm the same age you were when you got has caused prices to skyrocket. As a re­ here, Ba.be," I retorted, trying to be matter sult, even with the proposed increase, of fact about it all. minimum wage earners would gross only BABE RUTH "Good luck, keed," he said, with a. trace of $4,000 a year, $200 below the annual net ·a smile as he turned back to getting dressed·. income deemed as the poverty level. Ruth was not yet a national figure. True, Without such an increase, these same HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. he was in the process of switching from the workers will earn $1,000 below this desig­ OF OHIO pitching mound, where he had already es­ nated figure. Considering these published tablished himself by, among other things, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pitching and winning three World Series statistics, it appears to me that the Presi­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 games. But there was little indication of dent's action: in vetoing this bill was not what he was destined to do. only unnecessary but cruel, a.nd will lead, Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, that tow­ Yet as we moved on that day, I realized I inevitably to an i:r~crease in the welfare ering personality of baseball is once had experienced contact with a strange, rolls ..Therefore, I urge my colleagues to again in national prominence. The life dominant personality. There was a vivid join with me in voting to override the and times of Babe Ruth are being re­ transmission of force in the man ... un­ President's veto. called not only because Hank Aaron may polished, almost crude, yet strikingly impres­ I am taking the liberty of enclosing soon surpass the Babe's career home­ sive. In the next decade of close, almost inti­ excerpts from some of the hundreds of run record but also because last month mate contact if you will, he was always as letters I have received from constituents, marked the 25th anniversary of his much of a hero figure to his contemporaries organizations, and labor unions, urging death. as he was to the public. We never ceased be­ me to vote to override Mr. Nixon's veto. One of his former Red Sox and Yankee ing fascinated by the man. I believe that the sentiments expressed teammates, Waite Hoyt, can relate Ruth was at the same time simple and in the following paragraphs clearly rep­ stories about him with a flair and affec­ straightforward, yet ever so complex and un­ resent the attitudes of the American tion that is unequaled. Mr. Hoyt recently fathomable. In later years, Babe's detractors and even people toward the President's recent shared his reminiscences with Ritter Col­ some of his admirers who never knew him, action: let, sports editor of the Dayton Journal came to grief trying to characterize him. The "I oppose across the board sub-minimum Herald. Although Mr. Hoyt retired a truth is you couldn't characterize him. Ruth wages for students would sharply cut stu­ number of years ago as the "voice" of did not have the pipe-stem legs so many dents earning power and ability to pay for the Cincinnati Reds, his stories, as writ­ modern writers have attributed to him and the rising cost of education." ten down by Mr. Collett, retain his genius the pot belly appeared only in his last few "That veto condemns millions of American years. workers to something very close to hunger." of holding the listener spellbound by the force and complexity of the Babe's per­ Another impression ls that he was often "That veto strikes at the very heart of our out of condition, but it simply wasn't so. He educa.tiona.l achievement. A hungry boy or sonality. seldom missed a game and was a very alert girl ·can neither be taught nor learn even For the thousands of Reds fans who player. basic fundamentals." remember Mr. Hoyt's broadcasts and for There was a two-year period during our "Higher minimum wages lowers welfare baseball fans around the country who days with the Yankees during which we payments." never had the opportunity to hear him, didn't speak. It was the result of a. misun­ "Equity and decency demand an increase derstanding that eventually led to a fist fight in the minimum wage for tl:.e poorest paid." I insert several of these articles at this point in the RECORD: in the clubhouse, a not uncommon thing in "There has bee:.i no increase in the Federal those rough and ready yea.rs. minimum wage for 5¥2 years and the present HOYT'S FIRST MEETING WITH RUTH: The breach wa.s healed with typical Ruth­ minimum of $1.60 an hour for most covered "STRIKINGLY IMPRESSIVE" ian flair . . . one of unpredictable quickness workers is totaily inadequate. The present It was a humid August day in New York and without motivation. level forces thousands of American citizens City, made even more uncomfortable by the It was the Babe's habit of having 30 or onto the welfare rolls and, tragically, some crush of humanity inside St. Patrick's 40 full racks of spare-ribs plus gallons of into crime. In human and ec"nomic terms, Cathedral. · home brew delivered to the train on Sunday thesa costs a.lone a.re fa.r higher than we as a The funeral mass for Babe Ruth had just evening when the Yankees were leaving hell.. nation can afford." ended and as an honorary pallbearer, I was ishly hot St. Louis during the summer "Those who earn least and suffer most from lined up on the Cathedral steps awaiting months. inflation cannot be made to sacrifice further the procession bearing the casket toward the The Babe had his refreshments set up .in in the false name of fighting inflation." hearse. Behind us, a. throng of 75,000 or the ladies lounge of our Pullman car. Of "With the rising prices and profits, I don't more New Yorkers waited in a light rain for course there were no ladies to use it and the 30234 EXTENSIONS OF RE.a."\IARKS September 18, 1973

Ba.be took over. He used to share his refresh­ felt secure in Boston, and security was an were a couple of movin' picture people I met ments, charging us 50 cents for a.II we wanted. elusive thing for him through much of his on the Coast. I can't thlnlt of their names .•. the charge being his idea of a joke. life despite the fame and fortune that was they were married a while back ... I stuck. my head in the door this evening ahead. ••you don't mean Pickford and Fairbanks?" and Ruth thrust a jug o! the home brew 1n But the offer of a $20,000 contract and a asked Whitey Witt. my direction. great deal of favorable publicity eased bis "Yeah, that's them," Babe said. "They I shook my head in a negative response mind. wanted me to come down to their hotel for even though the temptation wa.s overwhelm­ No one ha.d any idea. of how decisive a dinner. But I'd go nuts trying to go out ing. year 1920 was to be !or baseball. All of a with everybody." "Ah, go on," he said. "it won'-t hurt you." sudden, the baseball itself took on a new The ice was broken and the episode that dimension. It began to :fly out of parks caused the rift. which should have long since around both leagues at an astonishing pace. RUTH FORCED SHOWDOWN been forgotten, was never mentioned again. Who created the "lively ball" is still a mat­ (By Waite Hoyt, as told to Ritter Collett) Ruth's days in Boston were numbered when ter of some argument. But there's no argu­ Although the two of them admired each I arrived. Even though he was still taking his ment a.bout the man who benefitted most by other in their own way and eventually be­ turn as a pitcher, he broke his first major the change. came friends, it was inevitable that Babe league home run record late in that 1919 Playing in the Yankee outfield, Babe hit Ruth and Miller Huggins, the smallish man­ season. 54 home runs in that season, wiping out a.ny ager of the first Yankee dynasty, were on a. The home run had never been overly prom­ former concept of power hitting and creat­ collision course. inent in baseball up to that time. The major ing a dynamic new interest in the game. After the Yankees captured their first league record was 27, stroked by a forgotten Sports writers were jousting with each pennant in 1921, it was apparent Ruth's player named Ned Williamson for the old other to sing his praises. Such names as "Sul­ stature as a performer exceeded that of Chicago National League team back in 1884. tan of Swat" began to emerge. Huggins as a manager, and the m:i.tter of The most Ty Cobb had ever hit to that To say that Ruth was unprepared for a control over the Ba.be remained a concern point was nine, and the great Cobb was well sudden surge to fa.me is stating the case for the latter until the great showdown of along in his career. mildly. 1925. On Sept. 20, 1919, the city of Boston and The big town took Ba.be to its heart, and In the drive to the pennant in 1921. dur­ the Knights of Columbus staged a "Babe the Babe tried to take the town. ing which Ruth hit an astonishing 59 home Ruth Day" which was observed via a double­ Ruth was indulgent beyond the ordinary. runs and drove in 170 runs. all went fairly header with the Chica.go White Sox, enroute He had a tremendous &.ppetite for a.11 ordi­ well. to the World Series and their date with an nary pleasures, a.nd pursued them hard. His The pennant did not come easily. At one infamous destiny for allegedly ''throwing'" la.ck of parental guidance was all too evi­ stage in August. the Yanks were short of that Series. dent. Babe ha.d to establish his own values, pitchers in a critical series against the Claude "Lefty" Williams, a top pitcher, was and they varied greatly. hardhitting Detroit club. our opponent in the first game. It was a 1-1 I ha.d met Babe's first wife in Boston. Helen In a clubhouse meeting, Huggins explained tie until the ninth when Babe powered one Ruth was not only a lively girl, but a person the situation and said he was open to sug­ of Lefty's curves over the left field fence to who could have been a source of strength gestions. win the game. and guidance for a lesser figure. "I'll pitch, Hug," Ruth spoke up, even Now this was the era of the "dead ball" and But Helen wa.s destined to fight a losing though he hadn't pitched in a Yankee uni­ it wasn't thought possible that a man could battle in attempting to keep pace with her form. But he turned in a. creditable six hit a homerun over the fence to his opposite husband. She was in effect competing against innings, striking out Ty Cobb twice. and field. The White Sox players were astounded New York and the world, and for her, the we won the game. and spent much of their time between games end meant only failure and tragedy. A ba.d elbow, caused by a painful boil, had talking with Ruth .and the rest of us about In 1922, Babe and Helen announced the the Babe under par for his first World Series the feat. adoption of a little girl. The fact found a as a Yankee. Bear in mind that an infection This wa.s Babe's 27th, tying Williamson. warm response in Babe's public. of this sort was serious a ha.If century ago. A few days later, he hit one over the right In the middle 1920's, however, there came He hit the first of his 15 Serles homers, but field roof in the Polo Grounds in New York a separation. Helen. in falling health, went couldn't start the last three games and the to break the record. It helped me win a ball back to Boston. One morning she was found Giants beat the Yankees in the first of game as I was the pitcher. But he hit that in her apartment having burned to death. many all New York World Series. one, of course, off the Yankees-a predestined She had apparently lighted a cigarette and By 1922, Ruth was indulging 1n a.11 sorts bolt of lightning. dozed off. of fancies. He had to have the biggest car­ Babe's popularity was a phenomenon in the biggest of everything. American sports. NEW YORK MOVE "MADE" RUTH He bought a 12-cylinder Packard roadster, The so-called Golden Age of Sports 1n the a huge, custom-built maroon Job. We named (By Waite Hoyt, as told to Ritter Collett) 1920s was Just forming. Red Grange ha.d not it the Ghost of Riverside Drive. New York In 1920, the New York Yankees had not yet burst upon the college football scene. didn't have traffic lights in those days and yet won their first American League pennant. Jack Dempsey was still widely disparaged as a the Babe looked upon that thoroughfare Col. Jacob Ruppert. the brewery mag­ draft dodger. as his own version of the Indianapolis nate, and Col. Tillinghast Huston ha.d pur­ But Ruth was caught up 1n an avalanche Speedway. chased the club in 1915 and were in the proc­ of hero worship. Fan mail poured into the We could bear him coming long before ess of trying to build it to championship Polo Grounds (this was before Yankee sta­ he arrived at the Polo Grounds parking lot, level. It was to be Ruppert's destiny to over­ dium) and a telephone was installed in the often with the radiator steaming. shadow his partner and eventually secure clubhouse for his use. The Yankees won the pennant in 1922, but control. In the winter of 1921-22, Babe had gone to it was a turbulent year. Huggins was battling By either a stroke of sharp Judgment or Hollywood and ma.de the first of several mo­ Ruth, and in the front office the owners, Col. pure luck, Ruppert discovered the formula tion pictures 1n which he would be involved. Jake Ruppert and Col. Tillinghast Huston, that was to launch the Yankee dynasty-the This first film, hardly an epic. was called were at each other. The latter did not have a. purchase of Babe Ruth and subsequent other "Babe Comes Home"-a baseball story in high regard for Huggins. ta.lent (including a pitcher named Hoyt a. which he pretty much played himself. The little manager. who weighed but 145 year later) from the Red Sox. The movie was less important to him than pounds, had many an argument with Ruth Harry Frazee, the man who owned the Bos­ the opportunity to sample the delights of about the Babe's nocturnal habits. Hollywood. ton fr&.nchise, was more of a theatrical man "If you don't like it. why don't you send than a baseball man. Among others who entertained him were me somewhere else?" Ruth would challenge. the most famous performers of their time, He needed money ·badly about that time, "If you don't want to play !or the Yankees, and the generally accepted report is that he Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks, who why don't you go home?" Huggins would had obtained a $350,000 loan from Ruppert. were then engaged but not yet married. retaliate. In the winter of 1920, it was announced In the spring of 1922, they were married and took off on a highly publicized wedding Ruth often threatened to get the man­ that Ruth had been sold to the Yankees for a ager's job, but never out of real ma.lice. It reported $125,000, a fabulous figure for an trip to Europe. They were in New York sev­ came up during the heat of their arguments. athlete in those days. Whether the Babe was, eral days before sailing. One afternoon, there was a call for Babe "You w:>n't be here next. year," Ruth would in fact, a sizable payment on Frazee's loan yell. "It's you or me." in the clubhouse. is immaterial. Huggins, as it turned out, managed the He picked up the receiver. We heard him. One o! the shows Frazee was seeking cash Yankees until he died in 1929, a.nd his posi­ to back was one that was to be a fabulous rattling off' the usual "Yeahs ••. yups ..• tion was fortified when Col. Ruppert bought hit ... "No, No Nanette," which had the whaddaya know . . • how about that" and great song "Tea for Two" in it. his usual expressions. "Sorry,'" he said with out his partner at the end of the 1922 season. Baseball !ans in Boston were outraged c..t a note of finality, "can't make it. Gotta meet The Teutonic brewer had the good sense to the departure of the pitcher-slugger and a party." give Huggins the full backing of his position. there was talk of a boycott. Afterwards someone asked him a.bout the Ruth's turbulent ways weren't helped by Even Ruth himself was somewhat hesitant ca.IL the problems he was having with his first about making thRJ switch to New York. He "Oh, I had to be polite.'' he said. "They wife. After the separation, his momentum 30235' September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS nounced the Babe's name that way) has increased. It must be understood that Babe we do know he died from a bullet :fired changed his mind. He wants to play for the didn't just frequent the night spots, but into his neck from a handgun. Hand­ Yankees. Isn't that right, Root? made his rounds with actors and other guns kill thousands of people every year. The Ba.be could only nod his head in agree­ celebrities and was a house guest of many These deaths can be stopped, with ment and mutter a few harmless phrases. famous people. immediate gun control legislation. It will But there was more. Barrow announced On the road, the Yankees used to provide never be too early for gun legislation, that the Babe's return was dependent on him with a hotel suite in which he enter­ Huggins. The authority of the manager wn::; tained, the j.dea being that at least they but every day we delay is a day too late for people like Earl Wise. At this time I clearly established over his superstar. knew where he was. "You can come back, Babe," the manager But the Babe had over-evaluate'\ his salary would like to include the September 13 said the next day in private, "but the fine and was spending it faster than he made it. article from the Washington Post: sticks. You have something to prove to me." He had also over-evaluated his importance, NORTHEAST MAN KILLED BY A GUNSHOT Walsh followed by arranging a banquet for and would submit to no authority. With the A 41-year-old Northwest Washington man the press at which no less a celebrity than Yankees winning and Ruth contributing, was shot and killed during an altercation Jimmy Walker, the mayor of New York, a Huggins couldn't bring himself to the ulti­ in the 1300 block of Corcoran St. NW early great sports fan and the savior of Sunday mate challenge .. yesterday, metropolitan police reported. baseball, would be the speaker. But in 1924, the Washington Senators Earl Wise, of 115 Rhode Island Ave. NW, Beau James was a superb politician and slipped by the Yankees and won the pennant was taken to Freedmen's Hospital, where interested in helping New York teams. H~ by two games. he was pronounced dead, police said. He had knew what was expected of him and turned The next season turned into a nightmare. been shot once in the neck with a hand it on in masterful style. Huggins was seeing his team fall apart, and gun at a.bout 12:30 p.m. and was found on This unique, public soul-saving of a sport3 1925 was the year Ruth was slapped with a the sidewalk in front of 1341 Corcoran St. celebrity could have been a. disaster, because dramatic $5,000 fine and suspended for the NW, according to the police report. a great many people were cynical about the rest of the season after playing in 98 games. whole matter of Ruth's sincerity at the time. The ultimate blowoff came in St. Louis, and Homicide detectives were searching for a suspect yesterday afternoon. Walker turned himself into Marc Anthony I was the only witness because I was sched­ in paying tribute to Ruth. He pictured the uled to pitch and was in the clubhouse. Babe as the nation's greatest sports head­ Ruth had missed batting practice, which liner who, because of an urge to taste life and he had done on occasion before. Huggins WAITE HOYT REMINISCES ABOUT all its wonders, bad succumbed to the temp­ was extremely agitated as it got within an tation to turn his back on the man in the hour of game time. The manager came into BABE RUTH grandstand. the locker room and sat down in a corner. I Walker called upon Babe to raise his pri­ knew that he was gunning for Ruth and bad HON. WILLIAM J. KEATING vate life to the elevation he enjoyed as the been on the whole trip. The Babe was keep­ nation's most dominant sports figure. ing wild hours even for him, in direct chal­ OF OHIO "The dirty faced kids in the street look lenge of the manager's authority. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Suddenly the Babe burst through the club­ up to you, Eabe," Walker concluded his talk. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 "Don't fall them." house door, coat over bis arm and jerking his The mayor had not only won over the necktie off. Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, one of "You don't have to dress today, Babe," said press, he had gotten through to Ruth who was, unbelievably, in tears. The Babe's speech Huggins, and I remember the conversation as my constituents is the renowned base­ ball commentator, Waite Hoyt. For many was simple and to the point--he was sin­ if it were yesterday. cerely sorry. "Yeah how come?" years Waite broadcasted the Cincinnati "Beca~se I have suspended you," con­ Reds games and delighted his listeners The best part of the whole thing is that tinued Huggins, his voice shaking in spite of with his personal stories about the great he did an about-face. This isn't to say he himself. "I am fining you $5,000 and sending became an All-American boy, but he was Babe Ruth. much more discreet thereafter, much less de­ you back to New York." On the occasion of the 25th anniver­ "What kind of crap is this?" demanded fiant of authority and Walsh made sure that Ruth. "What are you suspending me for?" sary of the Babe's death, Waite retold to the Babe's genuine regard for kids became "You know what for, Babe." the sports editor of the Dayton Journal a matter of public knowledge. In all honesty, "Why you blankety-blank little runt," Herald, Ritter Collett, many of the tales he was a man changed for the better. Ruth was bellowing by now. "You'll never get about Ruth with which he had enter­ The Yankees rebounded on the field in a. away with this." tained Reds fans. In fact, the day Ruth big way in 1926. With Lou Gehrig coming Huggins, who had already gotten the sup­ died, Waite did a 2-hour, unrehearsed into his own at first base and Tony Lazzerri port of Col. Ruppert and general manager Ed joining him at second base, the club won reminiscence of Ruth over the Reds radio three penants in a row and captured both Barrow, smiled grimly. "We'll see." network. The Babe made a menacing gesture, tower­ the 1927 and 1928 World Series without los­ ing over Huggins. "I made you, you little so­ As a longtime fan of Waite's, I am ing a game. The Yankee dynasty was estab­ and-so, and I ought to kill you," he ranted. pleased that he, with Mr. Collett, has lished. "I wish I weighed 200 pounds too," said put his recollections in writing so that all Ruth enjoyed his new role as a superstar, Huggins not adding that he might have baseball fans will be able to enjoy them. business man and good will ambassador. He made bis move earlier. "But there's nothing In t1ibute to Waite, I place examples of was still a big kid-but his habits had mod­ more to say. Your ticket is ready. You'll le.ave erated. his stories here in the RECORD: Christy Walsh was in charge of all his out­ for New York tonight." WALSH CHANGED RUTH Ruth didn't go to New York. He rushed to side interests. The Babe no longer got a Chicago demanding to see Commissioner K. (By Waite Hoyt, as told to Ritter Collett) salary check. This went into a fund under M. Landis. But the venerable judge refused to After his suspension for the remainder of Walsh's supervision. Although the Babe intervene. the 1925 season, Babe Ruth needed a helping merely drew expense money, he was still a The Babe then headed for New York and hand and real guidance in the worst way. lavish spender and Christy didn't tighten the was greeted at his apartment by a horde of It was his personal manager, ex-sports reins too much because the income-from all reporters and a process server. He nearly writer Christy Walsh, who helped put the sorts of sources-was absolutely enormous. bowled over the latter, storming through the Bambino's world back in order. Walsh had The year 1927 was to be Babe's zenith, and pack like a child in a tantrum-an .apt de­ been handling his business affairs to a de­ yet it created no sensation at the time com­ scription. gree, but now he took full charge. parable to what the Roger Maris attack on his The Yankees finished seventh without him, Christy convinced him it was time to make record generated in 1961. but wouldn't have done much better with amends, saying he would never play for Hug­ The Yankees bad been edged by the St. him. The mighty had taken an awesome gins again. Louis Cardinals in a dramatic seven-game tumble. Through it all, the Yankees hadn't changed World Series after the 1926 pennant. This their position. It was up to the Babe to swal­ was the Series in which Grover Cleveland low a little pride and make the first move, Alexander strolled out of the St. Louis bull­ which he did. pen with an awesome hangover to strike out MURDER BY HANDGUN: THE CASE As a result, he was summoned to Col. Rup­ Lazzerri with the bases ioaded. FOR GUN CONTROL-NO. 21 pert's office at the brewery where the club That was in the seventh inning of the final owner conducted all his business, including game, which I had started. baseball. The rush of reporters to the scene Old Alex was still hanging onto that 3-2 HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON resembled the start of a revolution in a ba­ lead when Ruth came up with two men out OF MASSACHUSETTS nana republic. They gathered outside of Rup­ in the ninth. Alex didn't give the Babe any­ IN TH~ HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES pert's richly-panelled office, where I nego­ thing at all to hit. Each pitch was masterfully Tuesday, September 18, 1973 tiated my salary contract a number of times. close to the strike zone, but still outside it. Finally, the Colonel emerged with the Babe Ruth walked as the pitcher made it clear he Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, Earl and general manager Ed Barrow behind him preferred to take his chances with Bob Wise is dead. No one knows why. But and annouuced, "Mr. Root (he always pro- Meusel. 30236 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 But Meusel never .finished his turn a.t ba.t. During the summer of 1928, when the B&mbino how well Johnny was doing a.nd Ruth was tmown out on a close play t.ryi.cg presidential race was shaping up between Al profusely thanked h1m for his interest. ·t;o steal second-and Dary $ Yankee second­ Smith and Herbert Hoover, the campaign After the ma.n. left, R11th aa.t down and with B"Uessed hl:1 effoTt. The big guy could run a.nd manager o! the latter arr.anged to have a puzzled expression. asked of no one in par­ he was gambling to get ~he tying run 1nto Hoover meet Ruth and have their picture ticular, "Who in the hell is Johnny scoring position. taken together. The Babe, rui admirer of Sylvester?" The 1927 pennant race was a lark and even Smith, sent word if Hoover wanted to meet though Ba.be was havtng s. great year, it didn't him, he could come to the locker room P,ppear he would break his own home run without photographers. MANAGING IN MAJOltS RUTH'S DKEAU ma:k. He had 67 with only two games to play. But he was in no real way concerned with (By Waite Hoyt, as told to Ritter Collett) But b.e hit !I. pair against the Wa.'ihlngton politics or many serious matters. Ba.be Ruth was 40 years old and in his 21st Senators in the next-to-last gnme to tie his Later on, he was a. guest a.t the White season in the majors when his playing career :record set in 1S21. House where, by this time, Franklin D. came to a somewhat low key conclusion in "I'll bet anybody ten bucks I hit one.'' he Roosevelt was installed. 1935 with the lowly Boston Braves in the challenged in the clubhouse before the final FDR was delighted at ha.ving such a not­ National League. game. Lazzerrl was the o:lly man to call bis able guest and asked him, ":t-Ir. Ruth .•• may Even then, he had enough o! the old bet. I call you Babe?" strength and magic left to hit three home Tom Zachary, a veteran wlth a lot of slow "Go right ahead, Prez,'' he responded with runs in one game in Pittsburgh a week be­ stu:ff and good control, was t.lle Washington his customary magnanimity. fore he called it quits. pitcher. H~ fooled the Babe three times. but At this point the president told a lengthy Although he enjoyed financial security and on his last try Ruth delivered. The ~istorlc story of ha.ving been on the campaign trail a happy home life with second wife Clair. Goth was a soa.r'..ng smash into the cltstant back in 1920 when Ruth's popularity was the remaining years of his life found the bleachers. taking shape. The campaign train and the big fellow mostly restless and often frus­ In the 1928 Series, the Yankees evened train bringing the Yankees into Cleveland trated. things wJ.th the Cardinals for 1.926. U was a arrived at about the same time and a large He never ma.naged to reconcile himself to !our-game sweep but a. tough tour games. I crowd was on hand. the fact there was no pla.ce for h1m 1n base­ pitched the last one and Ruth, playing left "You know, Babe," President Roosevelt ball. field 1n the old park in St. Louis, made a said laughingly, "I thought that crowd was There were numerous otrers, but none of great running ca.tch of a foul fty off the bat there to see me until one of my a.ides told me them gave the big guy what he wanted-a of Frankie Frisch for the final out. they were there to greet You." chance to manage in the big leagues. He The Babe had fa.r to come but he never "That is funny, Prez, but you know, it hap­ served a brief and ill-fated term as a coach broke stride, running dangerously para.llel to pens all the time,'' said Babe, innocently with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1938. the low grandstand railing. putting down the chief executive, who was The truth is that Ruth was too awesome I ce.n stlll see him on the run-1' ma.gnift­ by this time guffawing. a figure for most of the situations in which cent performer a.t the very peak of his powers. Much of Ruth's stability in later yea.rs was he could be fitted. provided by his second wife, Clair Hodgson The Ba.be hadn't done much in the way Ruth. of preparing himsel! for the day he could no °'NAMEs'' NEVER FAZED BABE Clair ha.d been an actress, and was a very longer pla.y and late tn his career assumed (By Waite Hoyt, as told to Ritter Collet) beautl!ul girl. She wa.s a wonderful and in­ that he would some day be given a chance to On Memorial Day ln 1930, Mark Koenig telligent person who took her time making manage-as had superstars Tris Speaker, Ty and I were traded by the Yankees t.o the De­ up her mind that she did love the big guy. Cobb and others against whom he had troit Tigers. Their marriage, which took place in 1929, played. It meant the end of a wonderful decade in endured. After the death of Miller Huggins, Babe Yankee uniform and an 11-season association I would like to pay tribute to Clair Ruth took the offensive and made known his de­ with Ba.be Ruth. !or her continued interest in baseball over sire to manage the Yankees. As I ma.de the rounds of the clubhouse the years and her eagerness to partlclpa.te But Col. Jake Ruppert, the owner, knew saying goodbye to the gang, both Mark and I in public appearances. he had a worthy successor to Huggins in Joe more or less saved the Ba.be until last. In his earlier days, Babe had been a :flashy McCarthy and rebuffed the Babe in a typi­ "SO long, Gidge," I said, thrusting my hand dresser, but after his second marriage, he was cal, blunt Ruppert way. toward his a.nd using the nickname by which always stylish a.s well as impeccable. In their discussion, Ruppert said, ''Babe, he was known in the clubhouse. Gidge was By 1930, when he signed his $80,000 two­ most of your life you haven"t been able to an odd contraction of his given name, year contra.ct, by !a.r the biggest salary ever manage yourself, how could you manage George. pa.id a sports figure to that time, his career other men?" "The best to you, keed," he said, pumping had levelled off. Connie Maek's Philadelphia Ruth was considered for the Detroit Tiger my hand, "So long, Walter." A's had dlst>la.ced the Yankees as American job wll,ich catcher Mickey Cochrane got in I departed in amazement that the man League champions. 1934, and the Yankees did offer him a chance really couldn't recall my name after all these But the Ba.be had at least one more date to manage their farm club at Newark, a big­ years. But it came as no surprise. Early in with destiny. That came in the 1932 World time operation in those days-but still the my association with him., I had become awL..-e Series (his last) when he called his home run minor leagues. The arrangement by which that this was his nature and eventually, any­ against Che.rley Root and the Chica.go Cubs. Ruth went into the National League in 1935 one who knew him, would have to accept it. Babe had gone into the Serles angry at the was "sugar coated" from all angles. Ma.ny people on meeting Ruth !or the first Cubs because they had voted Koening, his The truth ls the Yankees gave him his un­ time assumed he was totally indifferent to onetime teammate who had helped them win, conditional release to become a "playing them and a. very rude m.a.n. only a. ha.I! share of the Series pool. vice-president" with the Braves, who were Actually, he wasn't indifferent at all, but Legend has it that Ruth pointed with his not only a bad team but financially strapped even before he became occupied with the bat to the center field sea.ts in Wrigley as well. pressure of being a national hero, he never Field-with two strikes on him-a.nd pro­ But Ruth's aching legs and the discovery seemed able to concentrate. Could this have ceeded to hit his second home run of the that hfa "vice-presidency" was something of been a residue from bis early childhoOd in a game. an embarrassment to Manager Bill McKech­ Baltimore orphanage? Very likely, but· no­ I wasn't a witness to that feat, but several nie led to his retirement. body ever got close enough to Babe to per­ times before I saw Babe call his shots on Ba.be lived out his yeam with Clair in a form an accurate psychoanalysis. home runs. huge Riverside Drive a.pa.-tment that was a Stories a.bout Ruth's problems with names Once he silenced e. noisy heckler in Fenwa.y virtual museum of trophies, souvenirs and a.re legend. Many are true, as I know from Park in that manner. Another time, in Chi­ other mementoes of his fabulous career. experience. ca.go, with the game tied, he heard ros.d sec­ The success of the Yanlr.ees, who won four There was the time the great French hero retary Mark Roth complain to manager V...lller straight pennants in the 1936-39 span with of World War I, Marshal Foch, wss brought Huggins that the Yankees were a.bout to Joe DJ.Maggio as a new superstar, created an to the old Polo Grounds to be introduced to "blow a. train" and would bave to stay over­ excitement in New York of which Babe baseball. The Yankees wer.e lined up to meet night. "I'll take ca?."e of that,'' said the Babe. wasn't a part. him . • • with Ruth, as always, saved for There 1s also the story about Johnny Syl­ His impact on the scene, however, was last. vester. By tha la.te 1920's, Ruth was a. fre­ felt in 1939 when his erstwhile tea.mmate, Babe leaned over the ra.mng, stared a.t the quent visitor to hospitals to see children. Lou Gehrig, came down with his fatal ill­ rows of ribbons and medals on the stiffly Johnny Sylvester was e. boy 1n New Jersey ness. On July 4th, the Yankees staged a day erect Frenchman's chest l',nd finally said, who was so ill the doctors had given up on L.--i. Lou's honor to which all of his old team­ "Hiya, Gen • . • they tell me you were in him. The Ba.be visited the boy at his home mates were invited. the war." and promised to hit a. home run !or him that In all honesty, Ruth and Gehrig had never Later on, when Calvin Coolidge was pres­ day-and did. been close personal friends because of a ident, the great stone-faced chief executive. The episode received much pub!icity and great difference in life styles and tempera­ visited Yankee Stadium. Johnny Sylvester recovered. ment. Lou had been a. "loner" all his life. "Hot as hell, ain't It Prez?" was Babe's A year or so later, one of the boy's relatives But on this L"lstance, Babe shed genuine greeting to the taciturn Vermonter. got into the Yankee dug':lut a.nd told the tears, embracing Gehrig after Lou had made September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF R.EL\IA.RKS 30237 his a.ma.zing "I'm the luckie::.t guy in the I insert into the RECORD a letter to the meet domestic needs. In their view !ewer worl:i" speech. in American troops could stm show the Euro­ editor of Chicago Tribune, carried the peans our- genuine intentions to help defend Little did any o!' us realize rt would be onfy August 2o issue, written by Mr. Francis nin~ years tater when the cancer-ridden :E'tl:rope and unil'atera? wfthdrawa.ls- by the Berzins an active leader in the La.tvian­ United States Cffll'Id stimul'ate a isimilar Bt>.be would pla.y hfs own farewell scene fn American National Committee and in the stadium. response from the Soviets. The occa-ston was the 25th anniversary civic political organizations. While I support mu1lnru' and balanced party for Yankee Stad1ur:a on Jun~ 13', 19'48, The letter follows: force reductions, I ha~ opposed' the but lt turned t:,ut- to t.e Bab~ imrty. NAZI-So'lll:r PAC:1: unilaterar reduction of American troop levers in Europe !or several' compelling reasons: His voice reduced to a hoarse whisper and FLUSlllNGr N.Y.-The Ew:opean Security the- old Ys.nke.?- uniform unable te> conceal Cont.ere.nee and tlle R.usslan demand t£l. legal­ SEC'CRI'l'Y his shrunken frame, Rurth dragged himself ize the present boundaries in Europe remind European independence Is 'Viiul to our to home plate to. a tearful standing ovation. one of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact. security. The Unit:ed States mamtams. farees Babe' battle with eaneer had been a long On Aug. 23, 1939, this shameful document in E.urope for f:ts awn sec ii.y. not lnst the one. His ine7edible physical irtrength kept signed between Nazi Germany and the security o! Eu:ropeBinS. Tn eeGnomi~ tech­ him going fa:r a 1-ong whfle~ He. had been om. Sa'liet Union. This document, knQWlill 8llso, as nological. military and cu:l1Uiml s:tirength of hea,;py; med.tcation fOl! 11earl:w two Je.ars be­ tlae Gennan-Soviet Nonagg:resston Treaty, NATO Europe is rec"Cllld ant, tm the United f.ol'e he c:Ued.. 'Flre ame ~ that en­ opened ihe way for Hitler's invasion of Po,­ States itself in stmtegie tmpcw:ta..nce. ta the llhled.. him to 1!tii:t home ru.ns. with no trace land, followed by the So.,.iet a.ttack on Poland nan-commun.ls wo:dd. '!be- i.nde.p,e-m:le.l!Ice of at a. hangoTer or fatigue- despite his noc-­ that Sept.. 17. Western Europe is dependenf. llZP'ID. 1he main­ tu.:rnal. :lorays m bis. he~:, helpe.d prolong As soon as the Soviet invasion o! Forand tenance o~ a uem"b.le cleterrent.. and!. U ,S. his fbnal st:rogg\e. was completed, the Soviet Union demanded a !ore.es pia.y a. vita.I role m U:tat deterrent. 'Wben modeut da~ pl yer:s l'C)Q.t f01t Hank military basis in the Baltic states. Several Militarily, the effect ():f a redlucticm in NATO Aaron to break the :Babe's. reco:rcr~ I concede months later, the Soviet Union occupied an force levels would be tD require the ~e of their rig;ht, to do so a.nd jom them in paying three Baltic states and annexed 1them to the nuclear weapons. Socmei° m the- event of a 11r-n,u.te to Aa.rcm, a. truly ti!ne player aDd Soviet Union. Soviet attack. The Sws. Ruth meant to baseball. still survives unpunished and continues its POLIT.IC'4L Publle: eonfl.denct in the game waa at a fmpenaHstie policy. af :farces low ebb when Ba.be came in-to his. own. The The European Security Cbnference- must Unilateral reductions U.S .. would scandal that denloped in the 1919 World abolish this Na.zi-Sovret pact and demand jeopardize several important. a.tlid. ta.~orable Sedes. could haTe destroyed the game. the, restoration of independence far the Baltic political developments. Maintaining current American troop Ruth not only helped prevent tliat but states. Wtth the defeat, of Nazi Germany, all projected the game tu new heights by his treaties- eoneluded with llitl'er became- void. levels. in Europe will enab e iu U .S to own achievements. P. BE1tZINS. influence events in E.urQpe a.n4 a.: old ibe There is no way the moderns can appreci­ risk of undennining W~ Gennany' open­ ate what a. magnet Babe was at the gate. On ing to the Ea.st. a.nd West. E1:J!1"QPe'S eflions spnng training. baznstonning trips~ entire towud greater cohesion, if :Dot mtegratian. southern to11n1S woul'.d close down and over­ A unilateral U.S.. tnxip vtthdra,.wal ould flow parks to see Ruth play. LEE HAMILTON'S WASHINGTON lo.ave an a.dverse psych ogic&l impact on Mo:re to the point, the Bambino rarely REPORT ENTITLED "U.S. TROOP Western Europe and migh"\. a?lo.w Eun>pea.ns missed p~g or ai.ttempti.Jilg to give the LEVELS IN EUROPE'" to cll'ift towaro. neutra».sm u even ae,com­ crowd a. show. modatiQ with the: :so.re Unim!I... In those pre-television days. Ruth could A unilateral wlthdra.wal wcm cripple make a. lot more on Octobe?' barnstorming HON. LEE H. HAMIL.TON the U.S. position In three current and vital tours: than he- could playing m a. World negotiations: Mutual and Ba.lanced Force Series-unbelievable as they may be. OF INDu.NA. Reductions, the Conference on European Dming the' team meetmg to allocate shares IN THE HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES Security and Cooper~ and Stxa.tegjc ~ the 1 World Series, Ulen? was a move Tuesdag,. September 18, 19"13 Arms Limitations Talks. llmilt. a. yOlllll.g: pii.eb.el". who had helped the Just as the NATO policy of strength is Yankees win a!ller joining the. team m .Tune, Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, under succeeding is not the appropriate time to to a. half share-. the leave to extend m,Y remarks fn. the junk it. The entire atmosphse of detente "Cut him in all the way o:r ru go on a that has characterized East-West relations trip of my own,... snorted a.n angry Ruth. •rm REcoBD~ I include my :recent. Washington the- only one- ar you bums losing money by Repmt entitled, "U.S.. Troop Le-vels in in recent years eoul'd be Jeopardized. playing fn this tbing... Europe'':. Although the withdrawal of .American Tbe man literall)" was. bigger than ltfe .•• U.S. TirooP LEnI.s IN EmlOPE" troops from Europe- wo111lcl n~ result in sub­ and., m a. sense. at.ways was in a. e ot his stantial budgetary sa.vtngs. since the troops One or the distfnc:tive featl:Jffs o1 thfs 931:d presumably would be kept on actnie duty in cnm. Congress is the mere.a.sing attention the I've. known am ate.heel most o:I the. b~­ the U.S., every efrorit m111A. be- extended io O>ng,ress has shown to the size, pUl'pose and assure that. ATO's. Elllopan memhem sha:re ball greats of the 2oth century. The Balle was cost- o1 troop Ieiiets abroad. u .s. fully Ula coot af ~ "llle U.S. now always the ~ towering above- the crowd. There rs broad agreement that :rectnctions paying more than Ill& "faht shue-0 " a.eccnJ.ing can be made in the mrer tmO ,,000 Alnerican to the Secretary oi Defense.. EDIIC'.QJ..J.l'.a.getnent troops overseas. The sharpest aspect of this can be taken from Yle !a.ct iha.t our alli.es debate tocuses on the troop levels. in Rl:lrope. ANNIVERSARY OP A DAY are contributing more and' more a.nd now TRAGIC IN It costs the United States directly &bout $7 proTide- 90 peree:nt- of NATO grmmpean countrfeS' whfeb makes them ab?e- to earry lished in the Herald-News- of Passaic, So1fiet.. Nonaggres,ion Treacy ot Augmt a greater burclen and the :tessenecf 1'.ensfons N.J., an interesting editorial entitled, aa. 1939'. at,tacked. Pcmn Unable to fight resulting from the reee-nt mo i(!}Waird "'Jim Farley's Wam!ng, .. whfeb should be in fronts,, the brave Palish Army, had E'as:t-West accommodation. They al'so enpha­ brought- to the attention of ev,el"Y voter. to capitnl:ate within a. wed:. size that every dollar ls needed at Jr&nie- to The editorial reads as f'ollows: CXIX--1905-Part 23 30238 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Septembe1· 18, 1973 JIM FARLEY'S WARNING reasons for closing a meeting and then Thursday the 27th-discussion of pending James A. Farley, one of the last of the file it with the advisory committee sec­ legislation affecting the organization of oce­ giants of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt era retariat at the Office of Management and anic and atmospheric affairs and congres­ of American politics, reached the age of 85 Budget. The reasons, if any, should be sional testimony by various NACOA mem­ this week. In a birthday interview, he was published. bers. z,sked a question about the We,tergate affair. Friday the 28th--development of a com­ The query was inevitable because of Mr. Second, even if NACOA did have law­ mittee work plan for the ~oming year and Farley's stature in American politics. He was ful reasons for closing the first day's presentation of agency briefings on marine the one person most responsible for winning session, I cannot see why it should want pollution. the Democratic nomination for FDR in to do so. The announcement says the Saturday the 29th-further agency brief­ 1932. Mr. Roosevelt, the beneficiary of two agenda for Thursday, September 27, is years of work by Mr. F arley, went into the ings on marine pollution. convention with a majority of the delegates. "discussion of pending legislation af­ At open sessions, the public wm be ad­ However, he needed two-thirds for the nomi­ fecting the organization of oceanic and mitted to the extent of the very limited t:eat­ nation. Mr. Farley made the political deals atmospheric affairs and congressional ing available on a first come, first served which swung the delegates of Texas and Cali­ testimony by various NACOA members." basis. Questions from the public will be fornia to FDR and gave him the nomination. Now compare that with the following ex­ permitted during specific periods announced In 1932, he directed the Roosevelt cam­ pression of concern from NACOA's sec­ by the Chairman. Persons wishing to make paign. He predicted ~R would run 711:z mil­ formal statements must notify the Chair­ ond annual report to the President and man in advance of the meeting. The Chair­ lion votes ahead; he was only a half-million the Congress, filed just last June 29: too optimistic. In 1938, he ran the campaign man retains the prerogative to place limits again. He predicted FDR would carry every NACOA finds that national management on 1;he duration or oral statements and dis­ state but Maine and Vermont; he was exactly and organization of the Federal roles and mis­ cussions. Written statements may be sub­ right. In 1940, he opposed a. third term, and sions concerning marine and atmospheric Initted before or after each session. he and FDR came to a pa.rtiing of ways. If affairs is improving too slowly if, indeed, it Additional information concerning this there are elder statesmen in American poli­ is improving at all. There are too many ac­ meeting may be obtained through the Com­ tics, Jim Farley is in the front rank. tors, too many separate chains of command, mittee's Executive Director, Dr. Douglas L. His reply to the query about Watergate too many crosscutting policies, too many Brooks, whose mailing address is: National therefore carries weight. He said: separate budgets appropriations, and pro­ Advisory Committee on Oceans and Atmos­ "I hope nothing develops to the point grams. In this confusion, national priorities phere, Department of Commerce Building, where any consideration is given to impea~h­ have no perspective and neither the execu­ Room 5225, Washington, D.C. 20230. The ment. And if it does, I hope it won't happen. tive branch nor the Congress is in a position telephone number is 967-3343. It would divide the country in a way that, in to lead effectively, much less enforce ac­ DOUGLAS L. BROOKS, my judgment, it has never been divided be­ countability for results. Important leadtime Executive Director. has therefore already been lost and we are fore." [FR Doc.73-19943 Filed 9-17-73;8:45 am) Mr. Farley is a Democrat. He has no rea­ less able to deal with the problems of the son to be generous to a Republican. However, '70s than we should be. he has always been more than a partisan poli­ tician. His opposition to breaking the two­ That is tough talk, so it is more than a term precedent set by George Washington little difficult to understand why NACOA NEED FOR NONSMOKER PROTEC­ demonstrated that. His sober judgment that would want to retreat behind closed doors TION CONTINUES impeachment "would divide the country in on September 27 to discuss pending legis­ a way . . . it has never been divided before" lation. Why not an open meeting on prob­ should be heeded by the politicos in Wash­ lems it brought into the open in hard­ HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG ington. Because Mr. Farley ha.a voiced a fear hitting style? OF FLORIDA which haunts many other Americans. Mr. Speaker, I include the text of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NACOA meeting announcement: Tuesday, September 18, 1973 NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON OCEANS Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, NACOA'S NOTICE OF PARTIALLY AND ATMOSPHERE the mail continues to flow into my office CLOSED MEETING NOTICE OF PARTIALLY CLOSED MEETING in support of my bill, H.R. 1309, the Non­ SEPTEMBER 13, 1973. smokers Protection Act. This legislation The National Advisory Committee on requires the Secretary of Transportation HON. DAVID R. OBEY Oceans and Atmosphere (NACOA) will hold to prescribe regulations ordering certain OF WISCONSIN a 3-da.y meeting on September 27-29. The first session, Thursday the 27th, wlll be modes of transportation in interstate IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES closed to the public under authorization of commerce to reserve some seating capac­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Ad­ ity for persons who do not smoke. Many ministration, in a determination dated Sep­ of those who have written me provide ex­ Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, the National tember 7, 1973, and cosigned by the General amples of their unpleasant experiences Advisory Committee on Oceans and At­ Counsel, which finds that the session ls con­ in being forced to inhale the smoke of mosphere - NACOA- announced today cerned with matters listed in section 552 (b) others. in the Federal Register that it will hold of title 5, United States Code. The other two The Civil Aeronautics Board took a a 3-day meeting next week, September sessions will be open to the public. All ses­ sions will be held in room 6802 of the U.S. pioneering step in public protection of 27 through 29, and that the first day's nonsmokers when it issued regulations session will be closed to the public under Department of Commerce Building, 15th and Constitution NW., Washington, D.C. The requiring a certain seating area to be set authorization of the Assistant Secretary Thursday session will commence at 10 a.m., aside for nonsmokers on all domestic of Commerce for Administration. I have the others will begin at 9 a.m. airline :flights. But this was but one area two comments to make about this pro­ The Committee, consisting of 25 non-Fed­ of commerce; the Congress must act to posed closw·e: eral members appointed by the President back up the CAB and provide the impetus First, it does not appear to comply with from State and local governments industry, for similar action by the Department of the Federal Advisory Committee Act-­ science, and other appropriate areas, was es­ tablished by Congress by Public Law 92-125, Transportation. In the absence of a Public Law 92-463. While the law per­ on August 16, 1971. Its duties are to: (1) strong declaration of congressional in­ mits closure if it be determined that a Undertake a. continuing review of the prog­ tent to protect the nonsmoker L"l inter­ meeting will be concemed with matters ress of the marine and atmospheric sci­ state travel, the administrative regula­ which the Freedom of Information Act ence and service programs of the United tions may be more often honored in the exempts from mandatory disclosure, it States, (2) submit a comprehensive annual breach than the observance. also requires that "any such determina­ report to the President and to the Congress As but one example of such a breach, tion shall be in writing and shall con- setting forth an overall assessment of the sta',;us of the Nation's marine and atmos­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to draw my col­ tain the reasons for such determination." pheric activities on or before June 30 of each leagues' attention to the following letter While the announcement says such a year, and (3) advise the Secretary of Com­ of complaint against United Ah·Iines for determination was made and that it was merce with respect to the carrying out o! violation of the CAB'e regulations. This cosigned by General Counsel, the an­ the purposes of the National Oceanic and letter, from the Lung Association of Mid­ nouncement itself does not give any rea­ Atmospheric Administration. Maryland, points up the need for a strong sons. I submit that it is not enough to A genera.I agenda consists of the following statute which would motivate compliance prepare a determination containing the topics: with regulations to protect nonsmokers. Septemb-e'Jf 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30239

LuNG. AssoCI&T1-0N QF Mm-MARYUND,. possible vlohuol!S. Plea.se. k.e.ep me m.!ormed more eases. 1n the first seven months this Kockvi"Tle,. Md..,. August Z9, 1973. as to the dlsp.Q&iti.on of this. complaint. year than it did in an ot rsrza.. Off!K:E OF Co..NSUMEll AFFAIRS., 'l1la.nk. y an_ cigarette. Mrs. Reed asked the- Stewardess to his girlfriend. An at.1tops,r penormed in­ Mr. C.ameran said there we.i:e, !our reports enforce th ireg:nla.Uon. (S. 252.S) which re­ dicated th~t t~ child lr~·l been the snb­ o! alleged sexual abuse. In one case, he said, quired "no smoking" 1n that partie.ular sec­ a girl no; 15 yea.rs old' was te{X)rtecf to have ject. of numerous oeating.s. before &UC­ tion. The ste.wardess otr.ered a.n excuse. and had sexual relations with h~ mothel!' boy­ said since there was only a. few more minutes cumbing to the fatal one.. The further friend from. the. t.lme she. was 9... remaining on the fflght she didn't feel it was tragedy in this cas~ is that the child had In Brooklyn._ a 2¥z-year-oid bo:y~ a.n ap­ necessary to stop the ge-ntlemal'l from smok­ been re-ported to the New York City Wel­ parent victim of ehild abuse, was: pro­ ing. The gentreman. continued! to smoke :far fare Agency as a neglected child, yet au­ noU'l'leed dead on aITtva.! at S'li. John's Hos­ the remainder of the flight. I wish to call tho:rities had found no basis. fo.r remov­ pital late-Tuesday nigbt. two sect-tons. of' the- recent. Civil AerOill&utics ing the child firom his home. The police said 1hat. the: boy's motl!ler. Rose Boe.rd regulatiQn {ER--800} to your attention. m an attempt to combat the growing Marie Washington.. of 831 Mffin'Qe- Street- in S. 252.2-Carriers to provide specially des­ the Bed!ord-stuyvesani sec1Jon, l>Rought in ignated. "no smoking" area.s in which smak.­ numbers of ehild abuse cases, the State the child, whom she said had been. b.eaten in!J' is '[1TOhfbitect. of New York :reeently initiated a program bj her ma.le companion. Ca.rriers subject ta this part- sh31ll pr&Tide under whkh persons can report eases of The ma.n, Eiliot Dunlap, Zif years old,, was a. "no-smoking'"' area. 011 area.s fOI! each class of child abuse by simply dialing a phone. I later arrested and ehargect wf1lh b:a'V'ing as­ servlca and !or eha.rtel' serTice:. Elich car­ applaud this action by New York State saulted Mrs. Washlngtcmi. Tile porfeoe. said rier shall adopt'. pr!DcedueB'.. pursuant to this but I still feel this alone is not the an­ other eha.rges l!e:ra..timg' to Ure. ilo~s death section, which shall insure that a. sufficient swer~ What is needed is rang Pederal we:ire pending... number of seats in the "no-smoking" areas legislation, such. as: my bill, H.R. 5914. of the a.ire.raft are available to a.ccoJllllloda.te TOT BEKrEN TO DE.\TH• AcEJIJCT :El&ILEn To ACT persons who wish to be seated in such areas. The NaticnaI Chile! Abuse Prevention S. 252-.3.-C'!lrrier to insure smoking not .A.et of 1973-, whieh wi!l seek to direct the (By Bryant Mason a.nd J'esse Eroc:ley) permitted in "no-smoking" areas and to en­ full Federar resources to rid the Ameri­ A 24-year-old unemployed !aboxer was ac,.. force. its rul'Q for- tA~ segregation ot .!m.alrers can Nation of the wicke.d scourge o": cused. ot be&.ting gbl friend's 2-Jear-old andi ncm:smoke,:r.. child abuse. son to death yesterday,. Records sh'C7Wed t Each eanier shall take such actwn a.s is At. this time, Mr. Speaker I wish to in­ 1ihe boy, whose body box-e sea.rs. o1 preTious necessary t.o insure that. smoking is not. pu­ beating, had been reported to the city wel­ mitted in "no-smoking." areas a.nd to enforce clude t:wo news items. p::nni.ed in the New fare agency as a. neglected C'hITd~ but social its rules with respect. to the. segregation of York Times and the- New YoJ'k Daily v-urkers apparently fonnd l'lo basis !or re­ passengers in "smoking" and "no-smoking" News, which elaboratt on the problems moving him from the home. areas. of child abuse today:- The mother, Rosemarie W.Shingt'1n. 29, of As is evident by 11hese- two sub-sections, [From the New York Times, Sept. 6, 1973] 831 Monroe S1r., BroM!yn, que>ted! her boy is friend, Elliot Dunlap, 2; ,, as say;mg that he United Airii.nes eitfier negligenl. in not CHILD AB'IJ'.SE' C~S' TO AGENC!ES RISE providing enough seats fe>:r the IWn-snwkim.g had beat the chll beca\JSe he wet htmsel:t, sections- or gm.It?" of net en:fOl'Cing a no­ (By Grace Lfchtenstein) police said. smoking ban iD the nonsmokers se.ctlon. The city and s.ta.te are learning of many Palic.e sources- ~ tba.~ the medfcal However, sin.ce Mrs. Reed cla.ims to have more incidents. o! child abuse and neglect examiner' :report tine eaise said that. the asked !or the nonsmokers section and the since new systems !or reporting such cases child,. Rid:lard W11Sbmgton. died oi a.. rup­ stewardess by her response seemed to be eog­ went into effect, spoJltesmen for two govern­ tured spleen, amcmg m,tW!iies. and d nfuant 0! the v:iola.tiE>ll, it would appear that ment agenctes said yeste.l'd.a~, him as a. "b:uteFed dI1ld.... yet; an ether United Airlines. fs derelict. in its. resuon.sfbll- According to James S. Cameron,. director victitn o! a nationa.l! ebild-ahuse- pooblem 1ty to abide bJ,y Rgtt?atmn S. 252.3, Qf the of Chlld Pr6teetiTe Services !or the State De­ which annually brings death to 5<1,0 ehll­ Civil Aercmsuties Baud partment of Sad.al Services-, meiden11s invol'q­ dren and injuries to 3004)00.. CAB stat ed in its- "enadmen.t of Part ing 92. ebild.ren hll'l'e been caJled_ in during the Du.nlap was a.uested at 4 a..m.. in be.din 252" report, «smoking plainly ca.uses annoy­ first 'i2. hours. of a new dJ1t1d alll11Se ''-Flot the Monn>e St. &pa.rtme :ti. aJlld. c:barg.ed ith ance and discoin!ort to nonsmokers to a. de­ line!' assa.ult for a.n all'eged be:atin given the gree warranting separate placement of Under the sys.tem, which began East sa.tm­ mother last Frida11~ and later ilb homi d:e. smokers. :t certainly agree with the Board, day, anyone can report a case of" cl:lmi abuse The Welfare Deput ent. eominnect that however, r would go one step further and outstcfe- New- Yant C'tty by calling the toll­ Richailid and a. young,er bmth'er, , aged lt. were claim that not only ru:e we talking about f:ree number (800} 342-3720. Wlthin New reported as neglede61 chi.hil:ren to the Hu­ physiea.l comfort but also a ma.tteir of the Yori!:: Ci-&y, the number is 431-4600. man Resources Ad.mill.ist.rati<>l!h'S' ChilG. Pro­ protection of the> health of the nonsmokers. Mr. Ouneron sa twu-t-hirds a! the initial tective Servi'Ces Office. on July 3_ Numerous scientifi studies support this as­ cans; had been from a:v~ cftfzens. rather Social workers located 1ihe family o July 5, DD smnption that: reemJd hand tobacco smoke than police, departments or instmxtiDallas, Tex____ 5, 123, 800 vina, Vin Detore, James Droke, Anthony over the past 4 years. The Department Virginia State College, Peters­ Esposito, Roy Ferreira, Art Gigantino, of Health, Education, and Welfare, and burg------5,089,500 Donald Grassi, Anthony Guarascio, Mike especially the Office of Education, should Tennessee State University, Guiliano, John Hebert, Brian Hogan, Don be commended on the many ways in Nashv111e, Tenn______5, 060, 200 Spelman College, Atlanta, Ga__ 4, 984, 700 Damas, Keith Kawecki, Bob Kershaw, which they have demonstrated the Fed­ Alabama A & M College, NormaL 4, 839, 700 Ed Lane, Eustace Lewis, Daniel Luciano, eral Government's commitment to Thomas Lynch, Anthony Maiello, Pat strengthening these institutions. The an­ Total------76,075,100 Martin, Ron Mason, Al Mastroianr\i, nouncement on the most recent figures Source: Federal Interagency Committee on Frank Mata, Ralph Mayo, Lou Metaxa­ follows: Education. tos, Mark Metler, Keith Mol~han, Jo­ Federal aid to the Nation's predominantly seph Molinari, Mike Moran, Dave Mosser, black colleges and universities increased 124 Jim Mullen, Brian Munnelly, Carl No­ percent over the past four years, HEW Sec­ THE PURPLE KNIGHTS vak, Dennis Paldin, Richard Palmer, retary Caspar W. Weinberger announced Andrew Peluso, Don Perry, Robert Peters, today. Rich Piazza, Mitchell Sanders, Cliff The increase, Weinberger said, from $108 HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY Schwenke, Jim Tully, Harvey Wallace, million in fiscal year 1969 to $242 million in OF CONNECTICUT fiscal year 1972, "represents a clear demon­ Homer Wanamaker, and George Wil­ stration of this Administration's continuing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES liams. efforts to assure the well-being of a vital seg­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 Mr. Speaker, I know you join with ment of the Nation's postsecondary re­ me and the rest of the Members of the sources.'' Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, as I am House in congratulating the Purple The Secretary disclosed highlights of an sure my colleagues from California, Knights of the University of Bridgeport annual study of Federal program aid to black Texas, Alabama, Michigan, Nebraska, · and wishing them continued success. colleges conducted by the Federal Inter­ Ohio, and other regions will agree, pro­ agency Committee on Education (FICE), of fessional football is hard-pressed to rival which Assistant Secretary of Education Sid­ the excitement and partisan fervor gen­ ney P. Marland, Jr., is chairman. erated by American collegiate football FARM PROBLEMS, DEMANDS OFTEN According to the study, predominantly ARE NOT UNDERSTOOD black institutions enrolled 2.6 percent of all competition. Last year alone, 30 million college students in academic year 1972-73 and fans paid to attend college football games received 5.5 percent of Federal funds going across the country, while millions more HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER to higher education. watched on television. I believe that this OF WISCONSIN During the 1972-73 academic year, the year popularity is not based on the national in which the major portion of fiscal year 1972 publicity and big-time approach which IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES funds were spent, the 114 predominantly draws fans to our great professional Tuesday, September 18, 1973 black schools enrolled 246,219 of the 9,297,- teams, but rather it is caused by the dis­ Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. 787 students in all colleges and universities. cipline, sacrifice, cooperation and excel­ Speaker, I noted with interest an article Black colleges received 82 percent ot their Federal funds from HEW, according to the lence which all college sports programs, entitled "Farm Problems, Demands FICE study. In contrast, other colleges and large and small, instill. · Often Aren't Understood" which ap­ universities received only 71 percent of their At the outset, Mr. Speaker, I men­ p·eared in the July 28 Milwaukee Sen­ Federal SUJ?port from HEW. tioned the names of severai States and tinel. In all, 15 Federal depa!tments or agencies I am sure my reasoning is plain. to all High food prices are of concern_ to September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30241 Congress, consumers, and farmers alike. "Price supports do have a bad connotation have, which so often are minimal, yet. with city folks. They think they are sub­ specialized. Only recently have most American farm­ sidizing agriculture here in the US, but in ers, however, begun to receive commodity Many thousands of such senior citizens effect, price supports, in my opinion, actually receive under $100 monthly in social prices in line with the inflationary cost subsidize dairy imports," he continued. pressures they have experienced ever Consumers may think the government ts security benefits. Often apartments cost since World War II. handing farmers taxpayer dollars through between $110 and $150 monthly. Rents I am concerned over the fact we the price support program. ·But actually the have risen astronomically, and in New Americans tend to view annual wage program is a mlnlmum wage guarantee to York City, the situation is worse than hikes as necessities while refusing to farmers to assure consumers of adequate in any other city in the Nation in terms spend an equivalent portion of our ab­ supplies of wholesome food, Affeldt con- of a place for elderly people to live. solute take home pay on the real neces­ tended. · For a couple, food costs average about Price increases are cost of living adjust­ $100 monthly. The arithmetic is simple. sities of life. Even at present prices, ment&, he added. which will undoubtedly subside as we go "Certainly consumers and housewives can A number of these elderly people would back to a market supply-demand situa­ understand these terms because their hus­ not be able to survive if not for charitable tion, food is still America's best buy. bands themselves are also bargaining for organizations and some benefits provided The points raised by Gene Divine illus­ cost of living increases,'! Affeldt said. by them. trate the schism that has developed be­ "We in the dairy industry should start ex­ Hardship comes in many forms. In­ tween rural and .urban America over this plaining needs for a minimum wage for dairy numerable elderly Americans cut from farmers that includes a cost of living in­ their diets what we have considered and related issues. On the assumption it crease-an escalator clause,'' he said. is this type of misunderstanding we must necessities. Newspapers have become a Noting that the Chicago Teamsters union luxw-y to them, as many families take all work to resolve, Mr. Speaker, I submit members have a contra.ct of $6.50 an hour. this article for the information of my Affeldt asked any of the 1,200 dairy farmers them only a few times a week rather · colleagues: present who earn that sum to stand. Nobody than on a daily basis. FARM PROBLEMS, DEMANDS OFTEN AREN'T rose. Another tragic syndrome emerging is UNDERSTOOD If Affeldt keeps talking like that, the next shoplifting. What do tLese poor people (By Gene Divine) thing you know dairy farmers will be asking steal? A can of tuna fish. A bottle of Once upon a time 50 years or more ago for a 40 hour week, paid vacations, pensions, vitamins. A small package of meat. Many nine of every ten Americans were farmers medical insurance and time and a half for food chains have reported a number of and when they talked they all understood overtime. such cases. each other. Rarely have I ever beheld or been told Today one of every 20 Americans is a of a more tragic situation. How can farmer and 19 are consumers of the fruits LET THEM EAT PROMISES America allow such a state of affairs to of his labors. Most of the 19 a.re generations removed from the land. come into being? Few consumers are knowledgeable c.bout HON. FRANK J. BRASCO I remember a time when we had vast how the bounty they enjoy arrives at the OF NEW YORK agricultural surpluses and reasonably supermarket, but this year, as prices have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES priced food. No one expects an immediate esca.la. ted and shortages developed, they are return to the day of cheap food. But what suddenly ta.king a new interest in the mi­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 is transpiring today is not rational or nority group out on the land beyond the Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, in recent reasonable, and the public will not stand Hudson and Potomac Rivers. weeks, as I traveled across my congres­ for much more of it. Farmers have been talking a.bout their problems for yea.rs, but consumers haven't sional district, speaking to as many of Certainly they would not stand still for been listening. Now they a.re listening, but my constituents as possible, several phe­ another Russian grain deal. Or another they don't understand what they a.re bear­ nomena stood out again and again. soybean shortage. Or a corner on wheat ing. Anger and frustration over rising prices by the major grain companies who per­ CHARGE MONOPOLY for necessities was one reaction I got petrated the Soviet grain steal at tax­ Some consumers consider 40,000 daily from almost every citizen. In all candor, payer and consumer expense with the farmers organizing to bargain for higher the average workingman and woman is cooperation of the Agriculture Depart­ wages a monopolistic practice, but 800,000 having a difficult time feeding, clothing, ment. laborers forming the United Auto Workers and housing an average family. Without In light of what seems to be taking Union is not. two incomes, in many cases, it would be place among many of our elderly citizens, If the farmers succeed, the price of milk an impossibility. an investigation by the Social Security wlll probably be increased a penny or two a quart and consumers think that is bad. As a result many women are becom­ Administration is very much in order. If the union succeeds, the price of cars, ing, against their wills, working mothers, Certainly it is not out of line to try and tractors, trucks, buses, ambulances-and all in order to provide a second income. ascertain how many elderly Americans of the things they haul-will probably go up, Many homes contain children who return have been reduced to such draits. Surely but consumers understand, expect and ac­ after school to empty rooms instead of we can find out the true state of affairs cept that. a parent in the house. The cost of such a and do something about it. At the annual meeting this week of the syndrome in terms of social effects is If the situation is found to medt added Mid-States region of the Associated Milk presently impossible to measure. Government involvement, a surplus food Producers, Inc., in Arlington Heights, Ill., the Mid-States president, Paul Affeldt of It can and will be argued that these program should be set up to tide over Sparta, Wis., pointed out the communication people will be able to weather much of needy elderly people so that life is a bit gap. the rising economic storm. That can be easier for them. "NEW THINKING" URGED disputed. However, there is little room If we do less, we shall emerge shortly Departing from the usual, staid, presi­ for argument agains the thesis tha~ the as the shame of the developed world. dent's report format a.bout how things were elderly are being whipsawed in an un­ One thing is certain. They cannot eat la.st year, Affeldt called on his members (one heard of manner by inflation. promises. of every three Wisconsin dairy farmers) to Rising food prices have forced many "embark on a new policy that calls for retired people on fixed incomes to eat some new thinking by farmers and their co­ fewer meals. Some have had to resort DON'T COMPROMISE ON FREEDOM operatives." to infe1ior foods and cut vitamins. Again OF EMIGRATION In a nutshell, Affeldt said that consumers and again I have heard stories of person­ don't understand farmers because farmers al difficulty and degradation that stain don't talk their language. the name of our country. HON. ANGELO D. RONCALLO "When a labor union announces a wage It must be borne in mind that many settlement calling for a cost of living in­ OF NEW YORK of these people are too proud to seek IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crease, virtually little or no sensational com­ out the welfare system and take advan­ ment or prolonged howls of anguish come Tuesday, September 18, 1973 from the media or the consumer," Affeldt tage of its provisions. Many of these same said. "But let the dairy farmers announce people have just about used up their Mr. RONCALLO of New York. Mr. a milk price increase and all hell breaks meager savings in recent years. Social Speaker, I rise today in support of the loose. security simply cannot fill the needs they original language of the freedom of emi- 30242 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 gration amendment to the 1973 trade try would attempt to sustain an improved least part of which had previously been ear­ bill. economic relationship with the Soviets marked as the excluslve domain of the doctor. The Vanik amendment-of which I am at the expense of the Soviet citizen. This Instead of trying to define the separate and relative roles of public and private efforts proud to say I am a most enthusiastic kind of amoralistic U.S. foreign policy it seems apparent that we should try to cosponsor-would prohibit extending cannot be encouraged. It is for this rea­ meld the two in a cooperative partnership. most-favored-nation treatment, or any son I will continue to support the Vanik Let us examine some of tlie past, the pres­ credits, to any nonmarket economy amendment to the trade bill. ent and its problems, review our progress, country which denies to its citizens the and formulate some predictions and possible right to emigrate or which imposes more plans for the future. · than nominal fees as a condition of MEDICAID, EPSDT emigration. HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM There are several current examples of the I am steadfastly opposed to the Cor­ 19,nd of public-private partnership I have mann-Pettis so-called compromise lan­ HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE in mind. guage which would permit the President Social Security-the most common exam­ to grant most-favored-nation status to OF MASSACHUSETTS ple--is her~ to stay, and present da.y publlc­ those countries and merely require that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES private health efforts began under the pub­ lic assistance titles of the Social Security the President make an annual report to Tuesday, September 18, 1973 Act of the nineteen-thirties. Out of this Congress on how the affected nation or Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, I would like background came Medicaid. nations are making progress in human to draw my colleagues' attention to an The immediate objective of Medicaid was rights. They say that this is a compro­ excellent article written by Merritt B. to encourage individual states to establish mise and preserves the intent of our unified medical assistance programs. The Low, M.D., of Greenfield, Mass., in which long-term goal was liberalization of the eli­ original proposal. I say that the only he offers a very candid review of our things being compromised are our moral gibility standards and expansion of care to present health care delivery system. With include comprehensive services for all who values. This is a blatant attempt to com­ all of us here deeply involved in the daily meet eligibility standards. There were fed­ pletely undercut the intent of more than chores of maintaining viable legislation eral guidelines, but federal financial public a majority of the Congress. in this area, I think it good for us to assistance titles ended when a. state began It is hard to take seriously those who detach ourselves once in a while to see a program of Medicaid or in any event by argue that the Vanik amendment consti­ what we are doing and where we should December 31, 1969. tutes undue interference with the in­ be going. Dr. Low's article does much to Currently being implemented at the state ternal affairs of another nation. The level, is EPSDT-Early and Periodic Screen­ aid us in that pursuit. Though dealing ing, Diagnosis and Treatment of persons eli­ Vanik amendment is comparable to mainly with his specialty, pediatrics, gible for Medicaid under the age of 21. The FDR's proclamations against Nazi anti­ many of his remarks can be applied to program is designed to ascertain physical or semitism. The Soviet regime, or any the health professions in general. Last, mental defects, and, as may be covered in other nation contemplating similar ac­ his observations on the future role of the regulations, determine such health care, tion, would be placed on notice that un­ the physician, while being very provoca­ treatment, and other measures necessary to less it can modify one of its particularly correct or improve defects and chronic con­ tive, are also very enlightening. The ar­ ditions which are discovered through exam­ disagreeable policies it will hurt itself ticle follows: economicully. If it chooses to injure its ination. citizens, and especially its Jewish citi­ PHYSICIANS AND CONSUMERS: PARTNERSHIPS This in a way presently constitutes "a plali FOR CHILD HEALTH without a program." Anxieties a.re rising zens, rather than help its economy, there (NoTE.-The following article ls based on about of quality of care, increasing and mo­ is nothing we can do about that. But if a speech presented June 19 to the annual mentous costs, fragmentations, screens as they want to deal with the United States, meeting of the Maine Chapter of the Ameri­ sops and soothers, personnel delivery prob.;; that is another story. We can make them can Academy of Pediatrics. The speech was lems, and red tape, non-personalized reg:u.:. choose and it is our duty to do so. presented by Merritt B. Low, M.D., chairman, lations. At the heart of the Vanik amendment AAP District I, and member of the Academy's The American Academy of Pediatrics ls is an attempt to remind both the United Executive Board.) committed to help eliminate some of these States and all nation-states of their sup­ The nature and delivery of health care problems, and to improve the effectiveness ha.ve changed more in the past 40 years than of th& EPSDT program. There are unmet port of the Universal Declaration of in several centuries before. The population needs, and we must all try to cope with them. Human Rights prepared by the United explosion, the communications explosion, A manual on "How to Screen" is in prepa­ Nations Commission on Human Rights. changes in transportation, the advent of ration for ultimate utilization in EPSDT The United States after World War II antibiotics, and new medicines and tech­ programs. Other guidelines may be developed. realized that domestic laws must be niques have provided problems and oppor­ If we do not provide them, government and brought into accord with the spirit and tunities we could scarcely have dreamed of the consumer will, and lack of empathic intent of its international obligations. in the foreseeable (really unforeseeable) fu­ concerned cooperation will end in frustra­ ture of the 1920's. tion and failure. The Vanik amendment does so since it Liaison between physicians and the pro­ supports article 13 of the Universal Dec­ PROGRESS AND PROBLEMS grams at state and regional levels is pres­ laration, which states: The erstwhile doctor/patient relation­ ently in limbo. This liaison must be estab­ ( 1) Everyone has the right to freedom of ship-where comfort was the main ingredient lished if there is to be sound EPSDT imple­ movement a.nd residence within the borders of the physician's armamentarium-has come mentation. If non-medical people break of ea.ch state. to an inevitable demise. Replacing this is a loose with the ball, the touchdown may be­ sophisticated, enlightened, hopefully still (2) Everyone ha.s the right to leave any a "wrong way" one. Four points relating. to individualized evaluation and use of multiple EPSDT should be reemphasized: it is man­ country, including his own, and to return options. to his country. datory, the fees are state-established, some­ The practitioner often has to struggle with one is going to do it, and the AAP is cur­ While the Soviets are not a signatory too much, too many patients to care for, too rently preparing a manual on "How to· to the Universal Declaration. this same little time to do it. The costs of starting in Screen," along with other guidelines. private practice and providing for a young provision is included in article 5 of the HEAD START family have skyrocketed and require a. fi­ 'racial discrimination convention of nancial base much greater than in the old Head Start has been another speclflc area which they are a signatory. The Soviet days. for partnership and cooperation at the com­ Union is no less obligated to respect the We all are looking for simple solutions to munity level. There have been many criti­ Universal Declaration. complex problems and wondering if we have cisms of this program, and many compli­ By the very terms of the Universal the desire and competence to solve these· ments as well. Whatever else we may say Declaration we are morally bound to re­ problems. Illness and infant mortality have about Head Sta.rt, it ha.s been a model (for. mind ourselves, as well as all other na­ had large social and economic components. modlflcation), an experiment and a teacher. The doctor and the patient have each in It has openei;i windows for examination of tion-states, of common international ob­ his way become "fragmented out" as indi~ techniques for preventive medicine and ligations. There is one thing we should viduals, and "fragmented in" to team mosaics health education, for screening, for pro­ never do: We must never negate the in­ of cross-modalities. gram self-evaluation, for community-health tent and spirit of our international ob­ We are implored to solve educational and councils. In some areas it has given visibility ligations just because we are unwilling social problems by medical means usually not to a health appraisal which has elevated to offend a dictatorship that is a good likely or possible. The consumer and the gov­ the standards for private care. The American customer. Many individuals in this coun- ernment have entered the whole arena, at Academy of Pediatrics cari. take just~ble- September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30243 p_ride in its contribution to quality of care if we can only take enlightened approaches lies where he is advlsor· and coordinator. through its Head Start Medical Consultation which combat hostility and polarization, and There may be other family advisors too, some Service and its contributions at the local oversimplified solutions to complex prob­ families having advisors other than the pro­ medical director level. lems. The answer appears to be largely in fessional medical group; Other examples of public-private partner­ better communication, understanding, and (2) The pediatrician who is at the top of ships include the Regional Medical Pro­ teamwork. The public sector and approach a. health-maintenance team or ladder which grams (now dead) and Comprehensive have helped identify unmet needs, assisted delivers care; Health Planning. The AAP's programs of ex­ markedly in funding, aided in the concepts (3) The hospital pediatrician who will panded health services to children currenly of regionalization, demonstrations, and function in the intensive care units which being developed through a federal grant models, and have been very beneficial in will give the sophisticated treatment neces­ represent yet another pluralistic approach. identifying consumer desires and needs. sary for the acutely ill child (as in our I.C.U. So far, such programs have attempted to The so-called middle class health system neonatal set-ups now); provide access to primary health care in has had to be scrutinized. The leap from (4) The sub-specialist consultant type of areas where adequate medical care facilities "crisis orientation" to preventive medicine physician. and personnel to deliver medical care do not has so far proved to be too big for most. The solo practitioner is not there: he rests exist. The private sector, we like to think, has and remains in pieces. Such needed access to a source of pi:imary made some invaluable contributions in the CONCLUSION areas of efficiency ( open to some question in health care-the reasons for most of the We have no choice but to help work out public-private programs now in existence-­ some of its _aspects), cost control, person­ alization, economy of time, healthy compet­ an improved system of health care dellv-· is the result of a number of trends. These ery for children. This will require coopera­ Include crisis orientation, complex tech­ i~iveness, and establishment of appropriate tion with the consumer and the government. nological developments and increasing costs, fee schedules. It rejects the uncanny ability of the bureaucracy to turn human beings We cannot man the whole boat ourselves. maldistribution of physicians, and sheer Government can help most in the areas of numbers of people. into abstractions. In three of our almost overwhelming prob­ long-range planning, funding, use of na­ Pluralistic approaches to deal with these tional resources, identification and service to · trends are under way, and include special lem areas-overcoming alienation, coping with "transientism" and the changes in the areas of unmet needs, regulation, avoidance . assistance and service plans, neighborhood of duplication through enlightened region­ health centers, local programs, Public family unit--there are contributions from both the individual and institutional ap­ a.lization, and help with standards. Health Service programs, recruitment and Pediatricians can help most in insisting placement, relocations, and mobile health proaches, though commitments need much firming up in these vital aspects of our na­ on and producing quality care, improving units. Quality of care, evaluation and ac­ cost-consciousness and peer review, cooperat­ countability will be the keystone barometers tion's health. Relating to others becomes much more important than what we can do ing with complicated administration now of these services if they are to survive and difficult for physicians to understand be models for expansion. for ourselves, rationalize the )atter hew we may. thoroughly and grasp, accepting a team role LIFTING HORIZONS PARTNERSHIPS FOR HEALTH and balanced consumerism, and standing The problems and contributions of the ti.rm on the principle of one-to-one relation­ It appears that the American Academy of ships for the sick with the elasticity neces­ segments of our coming plural sector or Pediatrics and its own individual members partnership projects should now be ex­ sary in the new order of things. can have much to do with our children's . Realistically speaking, the concept of amined. If we are truly interested in quality futur_e in a partnership for health and qual­ of life, surely we should start with our chil­ "physician of choice" gets pretty stretched ity of life. Education and continuing edu­ in the new group practices where "times off" dren. The pediatrician knows this and knows cation for ourselves and our families and that he must lift his horizons from the a.re facts of life, and emergency room services patients (i.e. "the consumer") appears to be are used f_or instant care. The patient ap­ bread-and-butter area of well child check­ top priority items. Equality of care and op­ ups and antibiotic remedies for children who pears often nowadays to focus more on in­ p_ortunity for all is also primary. Helping stant care (perhaps a reflection of the value are up-to-date on all their shots, growing k_eep the abrogation of central government well, living well-but have problems none­ of "modern" medicaments) and "time of aµthority from swinging too far toward com­ choice" (for him) rather than "physician­ theless. plete default seems to be critical. Abrogation The pediatrician sees the child, and knows by the private sector of participatory policy of-choice." that the mother is involved, then the fam­ making and planning for the future must Hospitals too will have to update their ily, then the community, and soon he is in­ equally be decried. policies, prerogatives, and perspectives as volved in the interdependencies of psycho­ Pluralistic ~pproa.ches in delivery and fi­ they are quite properly examined by the social pediatrics and. community services. nancing should be encouraged as we grope consumer. They may be one of the models The quality of life for all depends on the along. Health planning councils at various for future health care at the community quality of life of the poorest members. Com­ levels and with various disciplines inv')lved, level. Education too, of ourselves and of our munity services means serving the unmet should be implemented in the interests of patients, will have to be revised. needs of the poor, but it also means en­ quality, lack of duplication, inter-agency The way the private sector responds will riching the life of every member of a com­ and inter-medical and group cooperation, ultimately determine its role in the coming munity, by taking advantage of all the re­ and economy, and a multi-faceted approach partnership. The public share in the current sources and opportunities available for all to delivery. The challenge of unmet needs 83 billion dollar health expenditure (1972) the people. Local health councils, multi­ must be faced and solved; and special groups is 40 per cent. This in itself furthers in­ disciplinary in approach, are needed to ac­ of at-risk fa.mllles and children must be extricable meshing of social and health and complish this goal, for the advocacy of "the identified and helped-including those at­ public-private efforts in these areas. whole child." risk because of poverty, race, lack of home Part of our problem is that we are in the and legal residence, chronic illness and midst of cultural change and of necessity QUALITY AND EQUALITY are faced with the individual ethical con­ How to ensure continuity of care, a.void handicaps. Techniques for the solution of the prob­ cerns which we are unable to fit into a :fragmentation, maintain "freedom of choice", value system now in flux and not yet rede­ control costs, and cater to the rising will lem of the ma.ldistribution of physicians and their more effective use have to be examined fined-sort of like judges without laws. of the consumer to dictate his own "time As we do go along, however, we must par­ of choice," are dally problems we all face. at state and local levels. A national heal,;n insurance program that will ensure compre­ ticipate in the facts and joy- of lmperfection What we must strive for-at each local level­ hensive coverage for all children, with pri.. rather than the constrictions of perfec­ is a basic standard of nutrition, accident tionism. · prevention and health care and quality of mary attention to catastrophic illness, is ad­ life for all children. We must pay attention vocated. Perhaps we should call it a ~ystem to the special needs of the handicapped, and in place of a non-system. Individual respon­ pay particular attention to those children sibility and personal relationships should be · MORE UNEMPLOYMENT whose health needs a.re conditioned by so­ built into this system. cial needs. Equality is a key to the quality. FUTURE PEDIATRICIANS HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN Private and public efforts must mutually How will the pediatrician of the future come to grips with our problems in the areas :flt into this maze or mosaic? What will he OF ILLINOIS of standards, funding, and delivery of health be? This is the "64 dollar" question which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES care. Government can help set up standards taxes the foresight of us all. I am quite Tuesday, September 18, 1973 (with the primary aid of physicians for the sure things will be for the better. Change standards themselves and the public sector even for the better, however, can be un­ Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, the for a.id in enforcement). Funding should comfortable. Who knows? pros and cons of the proposed minimum probably still be left in the areas of plural­ My own crystal ball vaguely reveals four wage law have been debated extensively istic approaches until we find out more. potential roles for the pediatrician of the Delivery of health care must be left to the future: here in Congress. We have been told professionals and paraprofessionals under (1) The pediatrician whose group delivers that higher wages are a necessity. In­ quality professional supervision. care a.round the clock, with ea.ch member deed, it is vital that we pay fair and "Consumerism" may indeed. by salutary, of the group having his own group of fam.1· reasonable wages for a job done. How- 30244 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 ever, we should also be concerned how a that Federal support should be directed believe that such speeches are made for drastic increase in the minimum wage to the most educationally disadvantaged. purely political reasons, and do not ac­ will affect our economy and unemploy­ · I do not believe, however, fair con­ tually reflect the true feelings of the ment rate. The Southwest News-Herald, sideration has been given to one group Members involved. , one of the fine papers serving Chicago's of really educationally disadvantaged I would like to take this opportunity to Southwest Side communities, has re­ children-the handicapped. stand up for the integrity of Congress by cently directed one of !ts editorials to The facts are that of nearly 7 million pointing out that I personally believe this very subject. They make the point, handicapped in this country, accord­ that the best chocolate chip cookies I and I concur in their viewpoint, that to ing to the U.S. Office of Education have ever tasted were made, not in my increase the minimum wage may in fact statistics, only 41 percent are receiving own 38th District of California, but reduce the availability of jobs, rather any form of special education services. rather in the 26th District represented than provide new ones, I submit the About 1 million children of school age by our distinguished colleague, Mr. REES. News-Herald's editorial for the informa­ are denied any opportunity for a free I first sampled these wonderful cookies tion of my colleagues : public education. Some States have rec­ last spring when Ms. Marion Silver made MORE UNEMPLOYMENT ognized the need to insure educational a batch and sent them to her son, Ron­ One of the most important decisions fac­ opportunity to all. I am proud to point ald, who was working in my office at the ing Congress this year ls to accept or reject out that my home State of Michigan time. My staff and I were so enthusiastic a new minimum wage law. From a.11 indica­ implemented a law 2 years ago guar­ in our pleasure at the taste of these cook­ tions, legislators will probably pass a law for anteeing the right of a free public edu­ ies, which Ron graciously shared with us, a. higher base wage, knowing full well that it cation to every handicapped child in the that Ms. Silver recently sent us another will create more unemployment. State. Others have followed suit, but I batch, even though her son is now back Business and industry have consistently believe it should be the policy of the proven their contention that a. higher min­ in Los Angeles with her and her husband, imum wage means more jobs lost, especia.lly Federal Government to encourage all Dr. Harry Silver. for young people without experience and States to work to bring education to all Mr. Speaker, I do not wish to Jmply handicapped persons with limited a.bllities. its handicapped children. that no one in the 38th Congressional However, legislators seem to listen more Accordingly, today in committee mark­ District makes acceptable chocolate chip to the loud demands of union labor, whose up, I offered an amendment which pro­ cookies. I have tasted some fine cookies purpose and tactics we have questioned in vides that States receiving funds under which were baked by residents of the the past. the Education of the Handicapped Act, 38th, and I have never even sampled the From our own experience and from dis­ will be required to submit to the Com­ cussion with union people, we gather that baked goods of the vast bulk of my con­ orga.ni.Zed labor is concerned only with get­ missioner of Education for approval a stituents. However, until I have found ting the most possible for its own member­ State plan to insure the education of all evidence to contradict it, my statement ship without regard for what it may do to handicapped children within its bound­ must stand: I have never tasted better the nation's economy. aries. The State plan will have to detail chocolate chip cookies than the superb The chances a.re that you have teen­ the policies and procedure for: treats baked by Ms. Marion Silver. agers in your home or you know of young First, identifyinf. and evaluating all To be fair, Mr. Speaker, I will add that people in your block who have not been able the handicapped children in the State; anyone wishing to provide me with such to find jobs this summer. The answer ls Second, insuring the confidentiality of simple-there are no jobs available. evidence may mail their cookies to my In their blind rush to satisfy union de­ this information; office, 301 Cannon Building, Washington, mands, legislators don't seem to understand Third, establishing a detailed time­ D.C. 20515, and I will report back here on that there a.re many menial tasks 1n this table for providing full educational op­ the floor with the results. country which are not worth $2 per hour portunity for all handicapped children; to get done. There are many jobs still worth and $1 to $1.50 per hour to have them done. Fourth, allowing the public to com­ When the government forces a business ment on any State plan before the sub­ THE LATE ROBERT W. SMART man to pay $2 per hour to get any job done, mission to the Commissioner. the business man simply eliminates the job or does it himself. The result is fewer jobs I believe this amendment gets to the HON. 0. C. FISHER for young people. fundamental needs of every handicap­ OF TEXAS This is unfortunate, because to deny ped child, and I am happy to report that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES young people the excitement of their first my colleagues voted unanimously to job, the dignity of being a wage-earner in adopt my amendment. I urge my col­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 society, and the pride of doing a. hard day's leagues to follow the committee's lead Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, on last Sat­ work, will only build up more frustrations and pass this legislation when it reaches urday, September 15, death claimed the within our society. the floor. We repeat what we've said here before. life of Bob Smart. He served with great We'll never come close to solving unemploy­ distinction as chief counsel of the House ment problems if we keep raising the mini­ Armed Services before retiring from that mum wage to eliminate more jobs ea.ch time A TRIBUTE TO THE CHOCOLATE position in 1963. In that position he was ... and we can't understand why legislators CHIP COOKIES OF MS. MARION one of the most respected and effective don't realize this. SILVER staff members who has ever served in the Congress. And, following that, he was tremendously successful in the private HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. sector. EDUCATION OF THE HANDICAPPED OF CALIFORNYA Through the practice of rigid integrity IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and a friendly disposition, he made last­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 ing friends and was universally revered HON. MARVIN L. ESCH by those with whom he was associated OF MICHIGAN Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, any regular reader of the CON­ and by those who knew him. I have never IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES GRESSIONAL RECORD would have to con­ known a more honorable man. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 As a retired brigadier general, a former clude that each Member of Congress vice president of North American-Rock­ Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, the House firmly believes that the best of every- well, and as a president of the Air Force Education and Labor Committee, of thing can be found in his or her home Association, Bob Smart was preeminent. which I am a member, is in the process State or district. Each Senator or Rep­ A sizable book could be written of his life of deliberating very important legisla­ resentative extols the virtues of the peo­ and his good works. tion affecting all elementary and second­ ple, the produce, the weather, the cities, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Lou Stockstill, hus­ ary schoolchildren in this country. The and the manufactured goods that are band of Mrs. Oneta Stockstill, the latter basic thrust of this legislation is to in­ found within the area in which his or her executive secretary of the House Armed sure equal educational opportunity for constituents reside. It is possible, Mr. Services Committee, prepared a release all, and I share the committee's concern Speaker, that some cynics could come to concerning the life of Bob Smart: September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30245

BRIG. GEN. RoBERT W. SMART, U.S. Am organizations from throughout the free "The Slovaks inhabit the eastern part of FORCE REsERVE, RETIREI>, FORMER Gov­ Czecho-Slovakla and a.re a separate race by worlu met in New York City to form the virtue of their language, culture, history, ERNMENT, INDUSTRY OFFrCL\L Slovak World Congress. I had the honor Brigadier General Robert smart. religion, political make-up, folklore and w. of attending the banquet that marked thinking. Their proportion to the Czech pop­ USAFR-Ret., former Vice President of North birth this Amel"ican-Rockwell, and long time Chief the of organization that speaks ulation is 5: 8, and the rest of the population Counsel of the Committee on Armed Serv­ for all the Slovaks on this side of the are minorities." ices. 'C".S. House of Representatives, died Iron CUrtain. Slovaks are mentioned in Czech sources in September 15 at the age of 66 in West Palm My good friend. Joe Trubinsky. U.S. the year 548. Their first known historically Beach, Florida. secretary of the Slovak World Congress. Christian church was built by the Slovak Widely known throughout Government with whom I have cooperated on many Prince Pribina around 830 in Nitra. On the and industry circles, General Smart had invitation of King Ratislav (under whom ethnic and heritage projects, has brought Slovaks had their own state in 863), the also served as President of the Air Force to my attention the last issue of the Press Association from 1967-1969, and a.t the time Apostles St. Cyril and Metodius came to of his death was still an a.ct.l.ve member of Service of the Slovak World Congress, Slovakia and translated the Bible into the the Board of Directors of that organization. where past and present problems of the old-Slovak language which thus became the During more than 16 years on Capitol Slovak nation are discussed in the light fourth liturgical language of Christianity. Hill, he had earned a. reputation as one of of the fifth anniversary of the occupation In another reference the historian Glase..­ the most intluential and gifted lawyers serv­ of Czechoslovakia. by Soviet and Warsaw writes: "Slovaks are a race in the heart of ing the Congress. He Joined the professional Pact armies. Europe who for centuries have been fighting sta.ff of the Armed Services Committee in for freedom, international recognition, au­ Because I follow very closely the quest tonomy and their own state." 194'1 when the Committee was first created of our various ethnic groups for freedom and was named Chief Counsel in 1951, a Around the year 1000 Slovakia became part post he held until his retirement from Gov­ and independence of their homelands, of Hungary and Bratislava was for a long ernment in 1963. He had been intimately in­ and have a particularly special feeling time its capital. Under Hungarian rule the volved in writing numerous landmark laws, for the brave and patient Slovak nation, I Slovaks were in danger of subjugation and including the Articles of War and the Uni­ would like to record the observations of national extinction especially towards the form Code of Military Justice. In the military end of the last and the beginning of the the Slovak World Congress for my col­ century. Hundreds of thousands of Slovaks field, he was the senior staff member of the leagues in the Congress to share: u .s. Congress and the friend and confidant were leaving their country and settling in of many ranking members of the House and SLOVAK WORLD CONGRESS the u .S.A.. Canada and elsewhere. Senate, a.s well as Cabinet officers, senior AUGUST 21, 1968-AUGUST 21, 1973 After 900 years of Hungarian rule the officials of the Defense Department, and top Slovaks again expressed their desire as they Five years ago during the night of 20-21 had done before to have their own state ac­ comm.anders o! the Armed Forces. August 1968 the armies of the Warsaw Pact He had served. as Chie! Counsel of the cording to the principle of self-determina­ crossed the border of CZecho-Slova.k.ia. This tion. The first real opportunity came with House Commtttee on Armed Services under was considered by all government. bodies in four different Chairmen: Walter- G. An· the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire Czecho-Slovakia as a.n a.ct of aggression after the war of 1914-1918. drews (R-N.Y.), Carl Vinson (D-Ga..), Dewey breaking not only the principles of the rela­ Short (R-Mo.), and L. Mendel Rivers (D­ tions between the socialist countries (to THE STRUGGLE FOR THE INDEPENDENCE OF S.C.). which Czecho-Slovakia. even then belonged) SLOV.4KIA After leaving Government service, he but negating even the basic norms of Inter­ The foundations for the Independence of joined the North American Rockwell Corpo­ national Law and violating the United Na­ Slovakia were prepared abroad during the ration in El Segundo, California. as Vice tions Charter. First World Waz: especially in the U.S.A., President for Governmental Relations, and The whole world then condemned this un­ Canada and France where hundreds of thou­ later returned to the Washington office of heard of crime committed against two small sands of Slovak emigrants were settled. At the firm and served as a Corporate Vice nations by the USSR and its satellites. The the head of this struggle was the Slovak President until retirement 1n October 1972. Soviet Union with its 250 million of popu­ scientist and world-renowned astronomer, Born in Crane, Mo., on May 20, 1907, Gen­ lation used 600,000 armoured troops to pre­ Dr. Milan Ra.stislav Stef"anllt. who during the eral Smart.was graduated from Missouri Uni­ vent the democratization and freedom of war lived in France. In the French army he versity. earned his LLB at CUmberland Slovakia and Bohemia. commanded special Slovak battalions and he l:nlversity, Lebanon, Tennessee, and brle:fly Until August 1968 the occupation armies became a French General. entered politics to be elected Prosecuting of the USSR stayed in Poland, Hungary and The American Slovaks, in a.n effort to ob­ Attorney of Le.wrence County, Mo. He re­ Eastern Germany. They were not in Czecho­ tain independence for their faraway home­ signed eight months after the U.S. entered Slovakia. But during the last five years they land. were prepared to cooperate with the WWII, to enlist in the Army; completed have been also there. With them came back Czech emigrants and exiles under the condi­ officer candidate training at Ft. SiD, Okla., the totalitarian system dictated by Moscow. tion that an independent Slovakia. and inde­ and served as a Field A.rt1llery platoon leader, If necessary, the Soviet occupation army ls pendent Bohemia will after the war form a battery executive. battery commander, and now ready to intervene in every city, every Federative Union in which would be recog­ eventually as a military government legal bigger town. nized the individuality of each nation and officer. Following the war, he remained active Even after five years or occupation one ea.ch would have its own parliament, its own 1n the Army Reserve until 1949 when he hears the voice from the Eastern Block: state and finance administration. The Slovaks switched to the Air Force. He was promoted to "Aggression and occupation could have and the Czechs embodied their principles in the rank of full colonel that year. and to been avoided.'• two written agreements. in the Cleveland Brigadier General 1n March 1961. He retired "Dubcek (Slovak) ts responsible." agreement of 1915 and the Pittsburgh agree­ from military service in 1967. "Slovaks have caused it all." ment of 1918. His awards and decorations include the The Pittsburgh agreement was signed Legion of Merit., the Reserve Officer Associa­ WELL, WHAT HA.VE THE SLOVAKS REALLY DONE? Who actually are the Slovaks? Where ls among others by T. G. Masaryk, later the first tion's "distinguished service" citation for President of Ozecho-Slovakia in order to ob­ Slovakia? It ls not shown separately on maps! "outstanding contributions to na..tional de­ tain recognition by the Am.erican govern­ High Tatra .•. ? Is that Slovakia.? Yes, fense", and the Air Force Association Cita­ ment. Masaryk did not honour this agree­ tion of Honor. these beautiful mountains range over the whole of northern Slovakia! ment and already in the first government General Smart is survived by his wife, the had no real position of importance for Ste­ Bratislava ... ? Is that Slovakia? Yes, :former Alice Tolerton, of the home address fanik. Although the war was over, Stefanik 134 Lake Shore Dr., Old Port .Cove, North this metropolis on the Danube, 60 kilometres from Vienna, is the capital of Slovakia. was given the post or ..Minister of Wa.r." And Palm Beach, Fla.; a daughter, Mrs. David R. when Stefanik as French General recognized Lee of Vicksburg, Miss.; a sister, Mrs. Virginia Is Dubcek Slovak? Yes, he ls a Slovak patriot of the sixties. by Slovaks as their hero, was returning home Hamilton of Clearwater, Fla.; and one grand­ by plane, it was shot down near Bratislava. daughter, Sharon Woodman Lee. And what of the present General Secretary of the Communist party or Czecho-Slovakia, After this tragedy instead of a federation of is he Slovak? Yes, Husak is also Slovak. But "Czecho-Slovakia-" a centralistic state was in Czecho-Slovakia there are two nations-­ formed with the aim to czechisize Slovaks. the Slovak's and the Czechs. And how can a During the Masaryk rule another three hun­ SLOVAK WORLD CONGRESS Slovak rule the Czechs? Husak does not really dred thousand Slovaks emigrated. The rule, either Czechs or Slovaks. They are un­ Prague government filled the offices in Slo­ der the dictate of Moscow. vakia with Czechs. In Slovak schools and at HON. WILLIAM E. MINSHALL the Slovak University in Bratislava many A FEW WORDS ABOUT SLOV£KIA Czech Professors taught. OF OHIO Slovakia is often presented falsely as "Bo­ This situation lasted a run twenty years IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES hemia" or "Czechia.." The Western historian until March 1939 when Hitler occupied Tuesday, September 18, 1973 Professor K. Glaser in his critical works Bohemia and Moravia. The Slovaks became writes "that no other country spreads such surrounded by fascist regimes and tried to Mr. MINSHALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, false information about itself throughout the save as much independence as possible for in June 1970, representatives of Slovak world as Czecho-Slovakia." He continues: their country. The Slovak Parliament elected 30246 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 constitutionally on December 18, 1938 trials, the abolition of censorship, the free­ ation. Since then there ls the Slovak Socialist unanimously declared Slovakia on March 14, dom of expression and a more democratic Republic and the Czech Socialist Republic 1939 an independent State, a Slovak Repub­ society. Thus Dubcek, Slovak, gained enor­ constituting Czecho-Slovakia. But the occu­ lic. The first president elected was Dr. Josef mous popularity among Czechs. He said: patlon of the country continues and neither Tiso. The Slovak Republic lasted during the "The government is there to govern people, Dubcek, nor the Slovaks or the Czechs have whole of the Second World War. In spite not to dictate to them. Socialism needs a caused it. of the six years of war the Slovaks were human face, otherwise it has no meaning." Based on the military occupation the making considerable economic progress. In April 1968 Dubcek spoke about the need Soviet Union achieved an important political Politically they tried to stay clear of national for equality of the two nations in Czecho­ goal-acceptance of Brezhnev's doctrine of socialism and fought against communism Slovakia: "An asymmetrical state system is limited sovereignty for (socialist) countries, (Slovak Army in Russia) as well as against the basic fa.ult. Czech government is identi­ and an important strategic success leading German fascism (Slovak National Uprising fied with the state-Slovakia. is a periphery. to the planed gradual Soviet domination in 1944). This necessitates the establishment of two Western Europe by overwhelming power. Cur­ RESTORATION OF CZECHO-SLOVAKIA state units with equal rights''. rent activity of Moscow, Brezhnev's visits Czechs realised too, that in the last twenty in the West, the trade agreements, all are After the end of the War in 1945 the years Slovaks had to suffer injustices, and only tactical steps with the aim to divert Slovaks were forced into a restored Czecho­ they accepted the federal system. During the attention of the world from the main task of Slovakia in view of the geographical situa­ rehabilitation of innocent people sentenced Communism. The main task of communism tion, international treaties concluded by the in the Stalinist and post-Stalinist period it remains the same: gradual world supremacy! Allies, through the activities of Dr. Behes has been disclosed that behind the staged SLOVAKS IN THE WORLD and his government in exile as well as trials were Soviet "advisers", that on many through new Czech promises of equality for occasions people were shot, hung and put After Soviet invasion five years ago many the two nations, the Slovaks and the Czechs. to prison on direct orders from the Kremlin. thousands of Slovaks left their country for In the new government programme Moscow did not like elther the general a free world. Most of them were educated (known as Kosice Agreement) of April 4, democratisation of society or Dubcek's new people: scientists, doctors, journalists, en­ 1945 it ls stated: model of socialism, because there is only gineers, lawyers, artists. In Slovakia today "The government will make all efforts one socialism and it can have only one face a there are four and a half million people. based on the recognition of Slovaks as a na­ Soviet one! According to the latest statistics there are tionally independent people to apply the The process of democratisation of society over two millions more Slovaks living in exile principle of equality between Czechs and in Czecho-Slovakia lasted seven months. This in the free world. They are asking the ques­ Slovaks. Thus recognising that Slovaks are short period saw many wrongs undone. Some tion: Why do we have to spend our lives in to govern their Slovak fatherland, equally of the innocent people tried and sentenced exile? Czechs are to govern their Czech homeland, were rehabilitated. The rest needed patience. The institutions of exiled Slovaks in the and that the Czecho-Slovak Republic shall It is not possible to return honour to the free world are associated in the Slovak World be recreated as a state of equal nations, the people, freedom to the nation and independ­ Congress. The Slovak World Congress met for Czech and the Slovak ..." the first time in 1970 in New York and it ence to the country overnight. was definitely constituted in 1971 in Toronto. The first general elections after the war in The public at every rally chanted: "Long 1946 were won by communists in Czech live Dubcek!" His name flew round the globe. The aims of this joint Slovak world institu­ Lands, and the Democratic Party gained an tion are: encouragement and support for cul­ AGGRESSION OF THE WARSAW PACT 'rROOPS­ tural, scientific, political, religious, social and overwhelming majority of Slovakia. Two OCCUPATION years later communists took over the govern­ economic development of the Slovak nation ment in Prague. They were headed by Klem­ The people of Czecho-Slovakia sleeping and of all people of Slovak extraction; to be a ent Gottwald, a loyal follower of Stalin. The peacefully on the night from 20th to 21st representation of Slovaks in the world and government in Prague coined the slogan: August 1968 were woken-up by great noise. to claim the rights of the Slovak nation to "The Soviet Union is our example!" While They tuned their radios and heard this re­ self-determination and national independ­ Stalin ordered the deportation of millions of port: "Yesterday on the day of August 20th, ence. The headquarters of Slovak World innocent people to Siberia, mass arrests, 1968 about 23,000, armies of Soviet Union, Congress are the headquarters of United Na­ trials and persecution started in Czecho­ German Democratic Republlk, Poland, Hun­ tions. The supreme body of the Congress is Slovakia. The situation reached a point when gary and Bulgaria crossed the borders of the General Assembly, which elects its rep­ communists murdered communists. Presi­ Czecho-Slovakia. It happened without prior resentatives. The President of Slovak World dent Gottwald himself signed the death sen­ knowledge of the President of the Republic, Congress is Mr. Stefan B. Roman of Canada, the President of Na.tionale Essembly, the a known industrialist. The latest session of tences of his former comrades, assistants Prime Minister or the First Secretary of the the Slovak World Congress has been in Chi­ and friends. The political representatives CP, and of these bodies. The Presidium of cago, USA from 29th June till 1st July 1973. from Slovakia. were branded nationalists by the Central Committee of the CP considers Among other things Slovak representatives Prague. Foreign minister Vladimir Clementis, this action contradictory to all principles from all countries of the free world insisted a Slovak, was sentenced to death and ex­ guiding relations between countries, and a. on the natural right and duty of the Slovak ecuted. Dr. Gustav Husak, present Secretary denial of all basic norms of international World Congress to represent Slovakia and General of the CP was sentenced to life law, breach of the UN. Charter.... " The the Slovak nation in all institutions and imprisonment and he spent eight yea.rs in invaders captured Dubcek and took him movements which work for European unity. jail. In the 50's sta.linism in Czecho-Slovakia forcibly to the Soviet Union together with Congress drew again attention to the 5th had been responsible for sentences on 127 several other leading politicians.••. Anniversary of the occupation of Czecho­ thousand people, many thousands from that Five years ago not only Slovaks and Czechs, Slova.kia., as well as to the problem of the number hung and shot. In this situation but also the rest of the world condemned whole subjugated Central Europe. The dele­ Slovaks were a considerable minority in all the invasion of the sovereign territory of gates of the Congress appealed to the whole governmental and party bodies, and they did Czecho-Slovakia by Warsaw Pact armies with free world it should not forget the ma.in not have a say in anything. After Gott­ the direct result of occupation and disrup­ aim of Soviet imperialism: power domination wald's death the presidents were Zapotocky tion of normal political and civil life. Blood in Europe and gradual ideological domina­ and Novotny, and neither was a wellwisher had been shed in the streets of towns and tion over the whole world as outlined in as regarding Slovaks. villages, the intruders killed innocent people the theory of ma.rxlsm-leninism! ALEXANDER DU13CEK~SLOVAK PATRIOT of Czecho-Slovakia. Responsibility and shame We consider our foremost task to remind In 1963 the Slovak party official from for this crime rests with Soviet imperialism. all nations about these facts. Sensible man Bratislava Alexander Dubcek appeared on WHAT IS THE GUILT OF ALEXANDER DUBCEK? lea.ms from other people's mistakes to avoid the scene in Prague. He criticised almost too What is it Slovaks have done?-What have them. fearlessly the Prague's centralist tendencies, they caused? the asymmetrical model of the Czechoslovak What ls Dubcek's guilt? state system, which did not give Slovaks Dubcek tried something unacceptable to NEW PACEMAKER equal rights as a nation, rights guaranteed the Soviet conception of a totalitarian sys­ by the Constitution and by what is known tem and it was therefore practically impos­ as "Government's Kosice Programme". "Slo­ sible. He wanted to give a human face to HON. GILBERT GUDE vakia," said Dubcek, "is only a Czech col­ an inhuman sta.linlst socialism. He wanted. OF MARYLAND ony." The struggle of a small group of Slo­ to replace dictatorship by democracy. To­ It~ THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vaks in Prague headed by Dubcek and sup­ gether with the democratisation of society ported from Bratislava lasted five years. It he dem.anded a just federal system for his Tuesday, September 18, 1973 was a struggle for natural rights, which in Slovak nation, he demanded the same rights, January 1968 lead to the downfall of Novot­ which the Czech nation enjoyed in the com­ Mr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, during the ny's dictatorial regime. Alexander Dubcek, mon state. congressional recess, on August 7, the a Slovak, became the Secretary General of A federal constitution succeeded in spite Johns Hopkins University announced a the Communist Party of Czecho-Slovakia, of the Soviet occupation. On 30th October, significant step forward in medical tech­ the first man in the country! He promised 1968 the leaders of Czechoslovakia signed 1n nology-an electronic heart pacer which the rehabilitation of innocent victims of Bratislava a constitutional law on the feder- is rechargeable and is thus designed to September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30247 remain in the human body for 20 years according to Dr. Lewis. but since the pacer body deteriorating" so he ..cold-turlteyed" without removal. stores enough energy !or eight weeks. the h1s way out oi it. ..It took three of my friends patient does not need to worry about skip­ to hold me down:• He was 6 ft.. 5 in. tall and This pacemaker is a product of a col­ ping a week. weighed about 270 lbs. He had learned that laborative biomedical program of the A unique feature of this system, P!schell to make it he must figb~ and fight he did. Johns Hopkins Medical Institution and said, is that it Is the first pacemaker to send He had multiple "convictions" in juvenile the Applied Physics Laboratory, in Silver out information. A green llght appears on court !or theft, assault. and battery, at­ Spring and Howard County. the charging con.sol to tell the user that the tempted murder. carrying a concealed system ls functioning properly. A flashing weapon and possession of dynamite and hand This report from the Montgomery yellow llght and buzzer give warning when grenades. Then he got. a break. A construc­ County Sentinel tells the story quite well: the pacemaker is not being properly charged. tion company hired him at. non-union wages, FROM Sn.VER SPRING COMES A RECHARGE'ABLE The charging is automatic and a blue light but better pay than usual, and promised him PACEMAKER and continuous tone come on to advise the steady work hours. After 6 weeks of steady (By Jean Alexander) patient when the process is complete. work he felt he was beginning to see a dim FischeU. who joined the Applied Physics light at the end of what had been a. very Using rpace age technology, a SI..:ver Spring Laboratory 1n 1959, is also principal staff long and dark tunnel. Then crune the bomb. resident has led a Johns Hopkins research physicist and group supervisor in Its Space Mismanagement and bad weather had re­ team 1n the development of a new, recharge­ Development Department. He has been proj­ duced his employer to bankruptcy and there able heart pacemaker which 1s being demon­ ect scientist on many Johns Hopkins satel­ wa.s no more work until a new Job could be strated publlcly this week. lites since the early days of the United found. Feeling cheated for having done his Previous pacemakers have been sucecss!ul States space program. pa.rt and yet falling because of another's in- · in returning 150,000 people to active llves, He worked on early adaptation of nickel­ eptitude he returned home early in the day but they have had several drawbacks. Their cadmium batteries !or powering experimental resolving to :find another job soon. Now that size and weight caused discomfort for many navigation satellites and engineered power he had "experience" and a letter of recom­ patients and prevented their being cosmeti­ and altitude control systems in satellites. mendation from his late boss. he felt cally hidden in his or her body. Patients have He has received many patents and awards optimistic. had to undergo additional surgery about for accomplishments in the fields of engi­ However, he was dejectedly approaching every two years for replacement of pacemak­ neering and science. the end o! the want ads with no prospects of ers, mostly due to battery failures. It was Fischell's suggestion that batteries a Job when his 8 month old son. suffering A rechargeable cardiac pacemaker has been developed by NASA for use in satellites that with one of the many revers that so com­ developed under the technical direction of go out into space where they are completely monly assault the young, began to fuss more Robert E. Fischell of Silver Spring, chief en­ out of reach for repairs be used in human and more persistently and finally began cry­ gineer of the Space Department of The Johns implants. Work on the pacemaker program ing continuously. Attempts at consoling the Hopkins University Applied Physics Labora­ he directed was done at both the Silver youngster had been met with !allure, and tory, in collaboration with Dr. Kenneth B. Spring and Howard County laborat.ories of now it became time to take some definitive Lewis, cardiologist of The Johns Hopkins Johns Hopkins. The pacemaker is being pro­ action. As everyone knows a child has to be School of Me­ of his food after I tell him to stop," or any intended to back up another group on a. solutely went bananas--crying and scream­ of a variety of other severely beaten children. search-and-destroy mission. ing-when they tried to separate us, The When William and many other parents We were waiting when suddenly the radio doctors understood and even let us go to sur­ like him come to the hospital or doctor they man from the other platoon screamed over gery together, not separating us until the are often saying "look what I have done to the horn, "My God, there's VC all over the anesthesia took over. . my child. I love my child and am afraid I place." Then we went into the main battle After· a little while in the field hospital, will lose control again. I NEED HELP." As in choppers. We landed in a mine field. We they flew us . to Saigon and we were in a big lost complete ships carrying men. It was com­ military hospital there. discussed last month, the response to that cry plete chaos. for help will help to determine whether A lieutenant colonel came in our room William can some day have his son back so I was moving cautiously from body to right after we got there to present us with he can become the father he had hoped he body, carrying my aid bag, looking !or the the Purple Heart. Passing out Purple Hear.ts would be. few who weren't beyond help. probably was his main job. He had dark I was on one side of a dirt bank in a rice glasses, just like Gen. MacArthur's, and a paddy and the first sergeant yelled to me to cigaret holder. His khakis were ~tarched so get a man lying on the other side. I told my­ much I don't think he could bend over and VIETNAM VETERANS-AMERICA'S self I would count to three and jump over, the nurses were around him like bees on UNPAID DEBT and I did. One. Two. Three. honey. Crack! I heard the one that got me. He gave us a little talk about how we had When I !ell to the other side, I was para­ served with honor, and said he was proud HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. lyzed. Already, my body was drawn up, ofus'. OF CALIFORNIA twisted, and I hurt all over. Even my lips and What disillusioned me-and it was to . be my tongue hurt. My eyebrows hurt. It was the first of many disillusionments-was that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES just one tremendous charleyhorse. they misspelled my name in the award. Al,­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 The first sergeant grabbed me and I remem­ though I always go by "Pete," my real name ber him shaking me and screaming, "Doc, is Adolphe. They spelled it "Adolfe." · Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Doc, you okay?" Then he turned, and I will r g· ess it's riot important. But it seemed Speaker, I would like to return to a mat­ never forget the words, "Oh, my God, Doc's to me that if a colonel is going to come in ter which I first raised on this floor on dead." and _tell you what a great credit you are to August 3-namely the shabby treatment I wasn't dead. I wasn't. I kept thinking, y_our country, they at least ought to go to the which we in America have accorded our I'm alive, save me." But I couldn't talk or trouble to find out how to spell your name. in move and the sergeant moved on to someone A week later we were flown to Travis AFB, veterans of military service Southeast else. I never saw him again. Calif., and psychologically we were i_n pretty Asia. I would refer those who would Charlie-that's what the Gis called the bad. shape· because we knew we were perma­ question my use of the word shabby to Viet Cong-came over and took my .45, my nently disabled. But we had adjuste_d my remarks of that day and the letter aid bag and some other equipment. He kicked enough that we could be put into different from a young veteran, Mr. James Lynch, me in the left hand to see i! I was alive. God, rooms. September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30249 1 We were to spend only one day at Travis sum, you are to accept pain because ,you are the returning -prisoners of war. But tbelr and go to Andrews AFB in Washington to be supposed to have pain. Lesson concluded. absence now goes to show, I think, that treated at Walter Reed Army Hospital. When I came to Hines, it seemed that peo• either you were killed in Vietnam, you were When I woke up, the doctors at Travis gave ple who can't get jobs digging holes on the a prisoner, or you just do.n't count. me a strong sedative. Then they told me outside come to work for the VA. Some of Most severely disabled veterans, frankly, Grayson had died during the night. them even demanded bribes from the pa­ are not overly impressed that an American It was a tremendous shock. He was the best tients in return for such services as turning prisoner spent 22 years in China or eight friend I ever had or will have and, you know, a. patient over in bed or emptying urine bags. years in Hanoi. We're glad, of course, that I don't even know his first name. It's understandable why some employes are they came back. At Andrews I was greeted by another lieu­ inclined to look for payola. Some of them But now we are the only POW's. tenant colonel. So help me, they must print have fam111es and they earn no more than Guys who are blind or crippled are going those guys. This one didn't look like he could $550 a month before deductions. They see to be POWs as long as they live. bend over either, and he repeated almost the helpless patients they're allegedly caring · There is no time llmit--not eight years, word for word the little speech I had heard for as easy marks. A totally disabled man nor 22--on that kind of imprisonment. in Vietnam. with a service-related injury gets about $1,400 But the program at Walter Reed was fan­ a month from the government, tax free. Mr. Speaker, there is little I could add tastic. They made you do things for your­ Some of the employes supplement their in­ to those words, and little that I would self. For instance, I had to feed myself from comes by acting as "rum runners" for pa­ want to add. I hope that every Member the start. The first day, I held a bowl of corn tients. Only a !ew will do this, and they'll of this body will consider the debt which :flakes with my chin on my chest and spilled do it only !or patients they trust completely. we owe to Pete Rios, and the others most of them all over my neck. But I got Otherwise, their necks would be in a noose. similarly victimized by our involvement better at eating corn :flakes as time went on. The way it works, essentially, is that if you in Southeast Asia, dw·ing our next vote By the end of the first week, I could oper­ want a half-pint that costs $2.50 in a liquor ate a wheelchair. I went to physical therapy store, a runner is at your service for a total on veterans' benefits. And I expect that for as long as I could take it, up to eight price o! $5. I will have more to say on this important hours some days. By the end of my two­ Narcotics and even prostitutes are avail­ subject at some point in the future. month stay, I could walk with leg braces and able through the same system. I admit this crutches. isn't extremely wide-spread, but I personally· Then I was discharged from the Army, regard it as a serious scandal. The hospital which ma.de me ineligible for further treat­ officials contend that, since there are about ECONOMIC STABILIZATION ACT ment at Walter Reed but qualified me for 14,000 patients at Hines, a small society, it OF 1970 veteran's benefits. I left Walter Reed on shouldn't be astonishing that you find es­ Oct. 19, 1966, to come to the Hines VA sentially the same vices and problems that Hospital near Chicago, my home town. It exist in the larger society. was another world. I stay away !rom the runners myself. Not HON. JOSHUA EILBERG Two days after I arrived at Hines, I had because I'm some kind of angel, because I'm OF PENNSYLVANIA my first physical therapy appointment and not, to say the least. And it's not that I don't I was looking forward to it because of the have any interest in some o! the things they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES progress I had ma.de a.t Walter Reed. That offer. It's Just that I don't need these Tuesday, September 18, 1973 morning, I put my braces on, put my pants bastards. Besides, I don't think the runners on and walked on my crutches down to the would trust me, because I have a renowned Mr. Eil,BERG. Mr. Speaker, the Presi­ physical therapy room. tendency to scream a lot when I think I'm dent's Cost of Living Council has placed The doctor took one look at me and said, getting screwed. an unfair burden upon thousands of in­ "I thought you were a young (recent) in­ I have been disappointed to find that the dependent gasoline retailers. jury." I told him that was right, that I had public seems cognizant only of the fact that Recently, a penny a gallon increase been wounded just a little more than three many Americans (about 47,000) were killed was granted to wholesale gasoline firms, months earlier. or missing in Vietnam and that the remain­ "Well, it's impossible for you to walk," he ing hundreds o! thousands who served there but the Council prohibited retailers from said. came home. Nobody seems to think of the passirtg this increase on to the cons unier. "What do you mean?" I demanded, "You fact that 153,000 were wounded or that 7,750 This ~qtion will force a large number: of can see I'm walking, can't you?" came back blind or with missing or useless independent service station owners to go "Young injuries," he informed me, "never legs. out of business. These gasoline retailers walk so soon." Sure. you read in the newspaper that a are the only businessmen with less th.an So I walked back to my room, took off the dozen or so were killed from time to time, 60 employees who are subject to phase leg braces, stood the crutches up in the cor­ but that doesn't convey what really hap­ IV restrictions. ner and went back to physical therapy in my pened. If you want to see the aftermath of wheelchair. Vietnam, . take a stroll through the second­ It is evident that, unlike independent That seemed to please the doctor very :floor spinal injuries section at Hines. gasoline service stations, the 32 major oil much. Few Americans, to be sure, considered companies are able to absorb this 1 cent I suppose the main thing I object to is Vietnam a noble conquest, and we certainly a gallon increase in wholesale prices as always being categorized as "a patient." didn't come back to ticker-tape parades. It their average profit increase was up 39 There is a nurse, a patient. There is a doctor, was different from World War II and Korea percent during the first 6 months of 1973. a patient. Never Pete Rios. You are in a when, so I understand, all America seemed It is also clear that the administra­ wheelchair, so you are "a spinal-cord in­ to be shouting, "Hooray for the veterans!" tion's interest lies in these big oil com­ jury"-not a person. You are 30 years old, and People not only don't give a damn today, you've had more than your share of experi­ but some of them are downright antagonistic panies at the expense of the small inde­ ences, but you are treated as if you were a toward you. pendent firms. child. Once when I was out o! the hospital, I For this reason, I am introducing legis­ For instance, an aide brings you a menu went with a young lady to a downtown lation which would roll back the 1 cent before meals. The menu has no purpose. If restaurant where there was a long line of per gallon wholesale price increase. This you don't like something, you don't mark it people waiting to be seated. would protect retailers from bankruptcy on the menu. But you get it anyway. "This is A waiter came over to us and said, "I and consumers would find prices almost good for you," the nurse says. have a table ready for you." He wheeled me exactly· the same as they were all You get a monthly allotment check _from around several couples who had been wait-. summer. . the government because of your disability. ing longer than we had. You are legally entitled to the money and The restaurant had a special section set Basically this measure: don't owe an accounting to anyone. But aside for wheelchairs-not to put you where Returns the base .price of retail gaso­ that doesn't stop a social worker from coming you wouldn't be seen, but a place where you line to the freeze price in effect this around to ask how you spent it. could be comfortable and still not feel summer; Since you are "a patient" and expected shunted aside. I thanked the waiter. But Permits retailers to pass through any . not to think, you should not ask questions then a woman who had been waiting in line increases in their actual costs; about your own body. You don't need to a long time came up to me and said some­ know why your bowels won't work, why you Wards off such increases and saves thing about respecting your elders. She be­ money for consumers. The bill would roll can't have sexual relations, why you are rated me for being disrespectful to her and spastic, why one foot is colder than the other asked, "How did you get hurt anyway?" back the 1-cent-per-gallon price increase one, why you have pain. I said I was shot in Vietnam. announced by several major oil com­ Oh, we have had classes and a nurse puts "Well," she said, "you certainly deserved panies within the past week; and an anatomical chart on the wall. "This is it." And this ls only one of many examples. Provides for notification by the Cost of your spinal cord," she says, pointing to the Where do you suppose are the people and Living Council 15 days in advance of any chart. "This 1s where you are injured." In the flags? They were greatly in evidence for future price increase in the wholesale 30250 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 cost of gasoline, diesel fuel or home heat­ thanks to the bounty of our production sys­ gard to the health effects of automotive ing oil. tem. We can do a better job of cleaning up emissions." the environment. We have already made The engineer pointed out that the yield At this time, I enter into the RECORD gla.nt steps in thts direction. But we can't let of gasoline ls less when producing unleaded a copy of the bill: over-zealous activists destroy the economy gasoline, and that cars running on thts kind H.R. 10322 and with it our ability to support the people of fuel have higher fUel consumption. "The A bill to amend the Economic Stabilization of this country. . . Office of Emergency Preparedness puts the Act of 1970 to adjust celling prices appli­ Already, there are signs that people in in· penalty in the range of 15 to 20 percent," cable to certain petroleum products and creasing numbers are getting the message. It he said. to permit retailers of such products to pass is that there are trade-offs in almost every­ We still have massive coal supplies. But­ through increased costs thing we do. A price tag is always attached. demand was shifted from sulphur-bearing Be it enacted by the Senate and House of There are undesirable waste products from coal and fuel oil to natural gas. Thts created Representatives of the United States of every production operation. This is true shortages where none had existed before. · America in Congress assembled, That section whether it is a cattle feedlot, or a giant in­ It ts also true that demand ls so great that 203 of the Economic Stabilization Act of J970 dustrial plant. We must handle these waste we have been exhausting our cheap and is amended by adding at the ·end thereof the products in an acceptable manner. But we easily-available supplies of oil and gas. One following new subsection: dare not demand such sterility that we force shortsighted policy of the federal government . "(k) (1) Not later than 30 days following the entire operation to close. was regulation of natural gas prices at the the date of enactment of thts subsection, the There is little question but what irrespon­ well head by the Federal Power Commission. President or hts delegate shall issue an sible demands of 111-informed activists were This price regulation was started in 11}5~, order- a big factor in creating the energy crisis. It held prices to artificially low levels. It' in­ "(A) stabilizing the wholesale prices of These demands slowed down development creased the demand for gas, but reduced the petroleum fUels at the September 7, 1973, and production of energy just at a time when incentive to take rtsk in drilling to explore levels; it was needed most. Now, many of the same for new supplies. The result was predictable. "(B) requiring wholesalers of such fuels critics are trying to point the accusing finger Demand now exceeds the available supply. to notify the President or ):>.is delegate of any at someone else. It is a safe bet that fuel costs must con­ increase in the wholesale price for any such An example ls Ralph Nader, the so-called tinue to rise. We have used up much of the fuel at least 15 days prior to the date on "consumer watchdog." Passing through Co­ supply which ts easiest and cheapest to reach. which such increase is put into effect; lumbus recently, he declared that the big New environmental regulations are Inaking "(C) establishing base prices for retail gasoline companies have created 'the gasoline coal mining more expensive. The same ap­ sales of each such fuel at the freeze price shortage to win concessions from Washing­ plies to off-shore drilling for gas and oil. levels; and ton. And, that their goals are to gain tax Some groups even attempt to block oil im­ "(D) permitting a passthrough of any cost breaks and win permission to build the ports because of the danger that t~ere may increase incurred by retailers of such fuels. Alaskan pipeline. be a spill at sea. And it is clear that we must "(2) As used in paragraph (1)- There is need for economic reward if we draw an increasing share of our oil supplies "(A) 'freeze price' means the highest law­ are to have adequate fuel supplies. Some of from overseas sources. Here we run into prob­ ful price charged by a retailer of petroleum this may take the form of tax incentives. lems of balance of payments and uncertainty fuel for such fuel during the period June And, the Alaskan pipeline is no doubt needed of supplies. 1, 1973, to June 8, 1973, or in the case of a to bolster our domestic fuel supplies. But, the Figures from various agencies studying-the retailer who had no transactions during energy crisis is the result of soaring demand energy situation confirm the expectation such period, during the nearest preceding which has outstripped our ability to pro­ of higher costs. The National Petroleum 7-day period in which he had a transaction; duce-at least within our present pattern of Council, for instance, predicts that oil prices and costs. Will rise from 60 to 125 percent between now "(B) 'petroleum fuel' means gasoline, die• What has happened is that we have used and 1985. This ts in terms of constant dollars. sel fuel grade number 2-D. and heating oil a large share of our cheap energy. We have It is also estimated that natural gas may go grade number 2." had abundant supplies of coal, oil, and gas~ up by 80 to more than 200 percent in price. Some of the coal has been converted into Coal and uranium are likely to increase. by electric power. These fuels powered our auto­ 25 to 30 percent. mobiles, ran our industrial plants and trans­ So it's clear that the people of this country. THE ENERGY CRISIS have some choices to make. It is a question formed farming into a power operation. whether we will do the things that are The energy crisis was no doubt triggered needed to increase supplies of oil, gas, coal by the Federal Clean Air Act of 1970 which and nuclear energy. A basic question ts called for drastic action to remove polluting whether suppliers are permitted to operate HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK substances from the atmosphere. Under OF OHIO in an economic climate which offers the standards called for in the act, much of the chance for a profit. Oil drillers react to price IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nation's soft coal was no longer suitable for controls in the same manner as cattle feed­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 generating electric power-largely because of ers. In both cases, controls result in . less the high sulphur content. This caused some production, not more. Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, an ar­ electric power companies to turn to oil and Our nation runs on purchased. energy. This ticle by Earl W. McMunn on the energy gas. is true for farming just as it ts for the rest crisis appeared in the July issue of the Car manufacturers were also required to of the economy. We can live with reasonable Ohio Farmer. I believe it presents a sen­ meet rigid emission standards. The stand­ efforts to improve the environment. We can't ards were met, but at the expense of greater tolerate the demands of those who are sible analysis of our Nation's energy fuel consumption. During the same period, needs and the environmental issue. As against every effort to increase our energy a greater number of affluent Americans were supplies. Mr. McMunn points out, we must take also adding to the number of cars on the Secretary of the Interior Rogers Morton steps to protect our environment. Our road. These and other factors all helped trig­ said it well in recent testimony on the energy. Nation cannot, however, allow "over­ ger the energy crisis. crisis: zealous activists (to) destroy the econ­ But whatever our feelings about clean air, "Give us an energy policy, they say, that omy and with it our ability to support there is good evidence that present stringent will provide the consumer with the type of the people of this country." regulations are adding to the energy crisis. fuel he wants in the amounts he needs-at The article follows: Alan G. Loofbourrow made this point when the time lie must have tt--and at the lowest he spoke recently at a symposium on the possible price. Assure us this energy will be LET'S REASON TOGETHER energy crisis at the Battelle Memorial In­ from secure and reliable source. IMPOSSIBLE "DEMANDS" AND THE FUEL CRISIS stitute in Columbus. He is vice-president for "But don't drill offshore on my coastline-­ (By Earl W. McMunn) engineering and for research of tr~ Chrysler don't build any pipelines across my land­ If we're to have a favorable environment, Corporation and.estimated that catalytic de­ don't strip any coal-don't build any refin­ we must tip the balance of nature in favor vices to control nitrogen oxides in automobile eries or storage facilities in my area-abolish of people. Thts is something the rabid en­ exhausts will add $42 billion to the U.S. oil the oil import program-but don't move oil vironmentalists have overlooked. In their import bill between 1975 and 1985. 1n by tanker for this might pollute our zeal for returning everything to the hands The question ls how much of the cost is waters. "Give us an energy policy that guarantees of nature, they ignore the most important really justified. Loofbourrow said: "If the protection of the environment and where -µse consideration of all. It is that our country health of the nation were at stake, then there of energy does not intrude upon our aes­ 1s swarming with people. would be no doubt that any control system thetic values or damage the ecology of the Mother nature, working alone, has harsh would be worth almost any cost. But as the land. Give us an energy policy that will. but effective methods of keeping popula­ National Academy of Sciences said, the stand-· maximize national security-and 'yet not im­ tions under control. But the people are here, ards have been set without any apparent re- pinge upon normal trade between nations." September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30251 the hot portion of the solar atmosphere," said ess of collecting the data provided by Skylab SCIENTISTS µET NEW LOOK AT SUN Dr. Guiseppe Vaiana, of the American Science to verify theories about the sun. and Engineering Corp., Cambridge, Mass. "There are observatories all over the world HON~ OLIN E. TEAGUE Scientists have known the sun has north that have been generating programs on a and south poles which appear different from day-to-day basis which they feel will be a OF TEXAS other solar areas, but the Skylab photos for help in analyzing the Skylab data," Under­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the first time show details of these polar wood said. "And the Skylab data will be a Tuesday, September 18, 1973 areas. help in analyzing their own programs. "There is a great dark region surrounding "We have scientists in Europe, Germany, Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker. the south pole which has been called a coro­ and England, and rocket experimenters look­ all too often we grow to accept outstand­ nal hole. It is a hole that extends down well ing at solar X-rays and solar particles, solar ing achievement as routine. Such is the into the lower atmosphhere and the temper­ gamma rays and solar ultraviolet rays. case with the performance of Skylab. ature is, say, only 50,000 degrees. "Very great advances ••. maybe the "So it's really a fundamental hole in the greatest advance will come from the joint With three outstanding astronauts now sun's outer atmosphere that goes right down analysis and study of all these sets bf data orbiting the Earth, it is easy for us to to the bottom of the outer atmosphere and jointly by all these astronomers throughout forget that new knowledge and greater perhaps to the temperature minimum." the world." benefits will be, and are being, derived The Skylab photos show that while areas from this series of pioneering :flights. The at the pole remain colder than much ~f the sun, which controls the condition of sun, there are other cold areas that in a mat­ MORE LEADERSHIP NEEDED IN, Earth, is one of the major objects of study ter of seconds can develop small flares where GOVERNMENT temperatures soar to three million degrees. of the Skylab program. Mr. Edwin G. "This is something that to my knowledge Pipp, aerospace writer of the Detroit has not been observed before," said Dr. James HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON . News, describes in the August 20, 1973 Underwood of Aerospace Corp. -OF :MASSACHUSETTS edition of that paper a number of the Big solar :flares extending hundreds of more significant facts which are being thousands of miles into the atmosphere have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. uncovered in the current Skylab mission. an effect on radio signals, sometime knocking Tuesday. September 18. 1973 them out. Scient ists have no explanation for This well written article is another ex­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, the ample of the manifold benefits being these solar eruptions. A number of small solar :flares and one big September 1973 issue of the Government derived from our national space efforts. one are shown in t he Skylab pictures taken a Executive carried an editorial by C. W. The article follows: few seconds a.part so scientists can follow the Borkland which appropriately pointed (From the Detroit News, Aug. 20, 1973] activities. out the need for greater application of SCIENTISTS GET NEW LOOK AT SUN VIA SKYLAB Underwood said a. study of the many small technology in Government. Although I TELESCOPES, CAMERAS fl.ares may lead to understanding of the big am an attorney, I agree with the editor (By Edwin G. Pipp) ones, although at this time it is not known if they are from the same cause. that more leadership and less legalistic Scientists are getting a new-and closer­ The new photos may give scientists data nicety is needed in the Government. He look at the sun via sophisticated cameras and a.bout the unusual rotation of the sun raises the legitimate point that in this telescopes aboard Skylab. around its axi.s. Observations from earth In the past few weeks they have learned it period of overwhelming national prob­ indicate that n does not rotate as a rigid lems, we need the advice and counsel of is more active than they believed. And they · body-that its rotation is faster near the have seen areas where, in seconds, temper­ equator than at the poles. more goal-oriented, not just problem­ atures jumped from 50,000 degrees to two or "We've been able to look at the limbs oriented men and women. I would en­ three million degrees. (outer edges) of the sun and the various courage each of my colleagues to read the They have defined areas at the north and parts of the sun to see rotation," said Dr. editol'ial and give it their careful con­ south poles where it is not as hot as at other Edward M. Reeves, of Harvard College Ob­ sideration. areas--0nly 50,000 degrees. servatory. They have discovered that small solar :flares The text of the editorial follows: "You can see the difference in velocity ' GOVERNMENT NEEDS LEADERS, NOT LAWYEl!,S . come and go in a matter of seconds. from one side of the limb to the other," he They have found "cool" areas where tem­ said. "This gives us great faith that the in­ · Publishing this magazine for five years has peratures are far below what they expected, strum~nt can be used to make velocity meas­ been a frustration. And, after talking la.st dubbing them_ "coronal holes" because at urements." month to Lord Corporation President Don this time they ~ave no explanation for the Reeves said preliminary studies of the Alsta.dt and after attending the 12th Annual phenomenon. photos indicate velocity shifts in large areas Conference of the National Contract Man­ This new information is coming from 17,- of the sun that have never been seen before. agement Association, we harkened back to 377 photographs of the sun taken for the first The scientists emphasize they have had Sir Charles Snow's "The Two Cultures and time by men above earth's dense atmosphere only a "peek" at the data and it will take the Scientific Revolution." We think we have which acts as a screen for earth-based tele­ months, perhaps years, to analyze all infor­ a fix on why the frustration. scopes. mation. It is that an awful lot of people in Gov­ These photos were taken by the first Sky­ "Many, many secrets hidden within the ernment and industry who m·ged us to start lab crew aboard the space station in a 270- data have to be extracted and interpreted," this magazine five years ago were urging us mile-high earth orbit. The second crew is said William C. Keathley, chief of the solar to dive into an unexplored river when they, now getting more data. experiments at the National Aeronautics and themselves hadn't decided yet whether they They are using eight telescopes specially Space Administration (NASA) Johnson were even willing to put on a bathing suit designed to probe the sun from space. Pic­ Space Center at Houston. or not. Put another way, as we sit astride this tures taken by the first crew now are being "The data has to be correlated from one communications link between governments distributed to solar experts throughout the instrument to the next. The analysis of the (Federal, state and local) and between Gov­ United States. data, the interpretation, is very time-con­ ernment and industry, we keep hearing from "I sometimes think that with these ex­ suming," he said. people who seem to have an awful lot of periments we have recorded more solar in­ Although ea~th would die without the sun, trouble talking to each other. formation and better solar information than very little is known about the sun because, That's what Snow said was happening and "everything we did before, rolled together," until recently, all observations have been what he said would be the downfall of our said Dr. Richard Tousey, of the Naval Re­ from· earth and were handicapped by the civillzation-as it regularly has been of oth­ search Laboratory. atmosphere. ers before us-if it, the communications, is The biggest surprise to the elated scientists A primary goal of the Skylab mission is to not vastly improved. who gave a preliminary report on Skylab solar study the sun to aid in solving such earth Two loosely labeled, informally congre­ data is the unexpected activity on the sun. problems as pollution, weather forecasting gated, responsibly situated groups in this "The corona (the hot outer area of the and perhaps learn enough so that solar radia­ country need to change their attitude to­ sun) is a dynamic beast," said Dr. Robert M. tion can be harnessed to ease the present ward each other-not for our parochial bene­ MacQueen, of the High Altitude Observatory energy crisis. fit, though we would profit by it, too, but be­ at Boulder, Colo. It changes much more than "There are five or six steps in applying any cause the inevitable, predictable result of we would have expected." kind of knowledge," Underwood said. "First their continued, mutual aloofness is going to To get photos of the solar atmosphere, one you define your problem, then you propose be a tragedy for this Nation. Skylab telescope photogi·aphs X-ray emis­ the theories, then you collect the data, then One of those conglomerate groups is Gov­ sions from the corona. you verify the theories and only then you ernment, at all levels. Its root affliction is "This way we're able to get essentially what apply the theories. that it has running it vastly too many law­ amounts to pictures of the sun in X-rays- He said the scientists are now in the proc- yers who fear technology and too few lead- 30252 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 ers willing to advocate what is right and far­ Yet we live in a technology age. The British a mixing o! old and new. The last minute sighted instead of what they hope is polit­ recognize it. So do the French and the Jap­ media campaign had helped but long before ically acceptable. anese. And some people even do in the U.S., that he and his wife had toured the state And the other is a crowd who claims, in which inspired this whole technological revo­ getting to know precinct captains and mem­ simplest form, that the technology promoted lution. All Qf which is why Alstadt ts encour­ bers of the county committees. His serving and propagated mostly in its original form, aging at least two universities, one in the on the State Central Committee had been of in Defense and space research programs can East and one in the West, to set up business assistance in knowing people in all parts of be exploited to help solve domestic ills. They schools that will produce managers and the state. say that, but their ailment is they say it supervisors for technology-based companies. In a year of a Presidential landslide, I mostly in bland language and largely to And, says Alstadt, if it's a five-watt prob­ queried, could the President have helped themselves. In sum, this syndrome they've lem in industry. "It's a 500,000-watt problem more in the campaign? "The President could got-that they "have to keep a low profile"­ in Government." In Sweden, they run courses have been more helpful ... no doubt about is for the birds. for parliament so it can make better deci­ that." He did write letters of endorsement They would be far better off, we think, sions in a technology age. When somebody but had he appeared in Richmond or Norfolk taking the advice of one of their best custom­ tried to organize the same thing for Congress it would have been more helpful. Senator ers. Warned Air Force Chief of Staff George recently in the U.S., nobody showed up. Scott felt that Vice-President Agnew's ap­ Brown in Government Executive some Congressional staffs mostly don't have a pearances with him at various rallies were of mqnths ago, "We (meaning Defense and its comfortable familiarity with technology, assistance in the campaign. In fact, Scott industry suppliers) spend too much time either. Upshot of it all is, our problem­ viewed the Vice-President's appearance at talking to the choir and not enough talking oriented governments tend to be reactive Rich)D.ond the night before the election ( on to the congregation." rather than provocative and concerned main­ the Senator's behalf) as "the highlight of Alstadt reports, for instance, that when ly about their public image. Technology types the campaign." It is after the fact now, but he speaks to college students, they routinely generate a "learning" attitude, are geared to the blend of approaches to the public must tell him: "Our chief criticism of Business accept and encourage change. Lawyers, to be have been successful because Scott was is that you guys don't fight for your rights good ones, are required to "know." elected in November receiving 51.5 per cent like labor unions and others. Instead, you We are not so naive as to think the coun­ of the votes in a three-way race. send your paid emissaries." Translate "paid try is suddenly going to quit electing lawyers. Election to office was nothing new to Bill emissaries" to read "Industry Associations." Lawyers seem to_be about the only ones who Scott. He admits that "over the years we've And when they don't speak up, either, can take the time to run for public office in (his wife and himself) politicked more than the facts of a public issue as a company the first place. anything else." Before his present election or an industry sees them are going to be What we do think is necessary, indeed as Senator, he had served as Congressman heard in the highest halls of Government vital, is that they actively seek the advice and from Virginia's Eighth District. And is there about as well as a whisper in a windstorm. counsel of the "learning" people, instead of a next campaign to look forward to? "We'll On the other hand, says Alstadt, "The whole apprehensively glowering at them as though wait and see" was the comment. world loves a fighter, even when they don't they were stray dogs of uncertain origin. Now sitting in a sunlit office with a large agree with what he's fighting for." Which leads us back to the first group we window (which he constantly looks out of), We applaud people like GE's Borsch, Henry mentioned. Until they start insisting on a he tries to maintain close contact with the Ford, Westinghouse's Burnham, Government fair and equitable audience, they, their pro­ constituents in his state. A periodic news­ types like Reagan, Art Sampson, Defense's grams, and in final analysis the Nation, are letter, "Your Senator Bill Scott Reports," ia Clements, and some other leaders who mount going to continue to suffer. one vehicle for this contact. In it he reports a public podium and blaze away when they on committee action and on legislation that believe somebody in or out of Government he has sponsored or co-sponsored. A second has his head screwed on wrong about things approach is the opening of a state office in like technology and the potential utilization VIRGINIA'S SENATOR SCOTT Richmond to hear from the Virginia people of it. in that area. The office located in the Fed­ We applaud the State Farm and Aetna eral Building there, is open five days a week. insurance companies, the Atlantic Richfields, HON. J. KENNETH ROBINSON Senator Scott makes periodic visits to the Weyerhausers, Alcoas, IBMs, Control Data, OF VIRGINL\ office, preceded by announcements through­ Univacs, Garretts, LTVs, Raytheons and some out the area of his up-coming visit. In con­ others who spend at least a part of their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nection with the visit, he holds a news brief­ sales promotion dollars pinpointing a na­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 ing for the media in that section of the state. tional problem or project and spelling out Further news briefings are held in the Wash­ what they are, or are capable of doing about Mr. ROBINSON of Virginia.. Mr. ington area for media in that section. it with Government guidance. Speaker, our former colleague, BILL Reaching the people directly and on their But there aren't nearly enough of these ScoTT, appears to have adjusted with own ground is important to the Sena.tor and leaders. And what there are run smack dab ease to the climate of the other body, thus he does a great deal of speaking to into another problem: Government is run where he is continuing his distinguished colleges, veterans' groups and other Virginia too much by lawyers and not enough by record of service to Virginia. population segments. News releases help to leaders. We do not refer to that parade of A view of Senator ScoTT appeared in amplify the Senator's views on current issues lawyers from high Government places in­ and bring these to the public. volved in the Watergate business. Taking care the September, 1973, issue of The Vir­ The front pages of the newspaper talk of of them simply means heeding the advice of ginia Cardinal which I believe would be constantly changing issues so in our conver­ Association of Trial Lawyers of America Pres­ of interest to his many friends in the sation we tried to discuss broad topics. I ident J. D. Lee. Says he: "We must ... pro­ House, and I include it under leave to asked what his opinion of D.C. home rule nounce them as unfit and unworthy and extend my remarks, as follows: was and why? "Well I don't know if it should initiate disbarment proceedings against A CONVERSATION WITH SENATOR Bll..L SCOTT­ come about at all ... this is a Federal Cap­ them." VIRGINIA'S FRESHMAN SENATOR PONDERS His itol ... this is a. Federal City." He further We don't even refer to the group which ELECTION, HIS JOB, AND HIS PEOPLE felt that the District should be kept as a would be affected by proposed "full disclos­ (By Phil Gafll.n) neutral territory but would have no objec­ ure" legislation now pending in at least two tion to having the commissioner and council states. (Of those laws, if passed, one observer His office was alive with action. Doors being elected rather than appointed. As to in the state of Washington said: "No lawyer opened and closed. Knots of important-look­ local matters those should be decided by local could afford to hold public office.") ing people conversed in low tones and waited. people. What we do refer to is that legislatures in A friendly staff made us comfortable. Bill The major issue facing Congress in Scott's this country are populated predominantly by Scott, Virginia's new National Senator, ls a opinion is the present economic problem. He the legal profession. By contrast, says Alstadt, busy man. Our appointment was for eleven. feels that people are greatly conc~rned about tn Britain, less than five percent of the At exactly that time the door opened. A firm the high co3t of government and the high English parliament are lawyers because "The handshake and a striking man met us. cost o! living. An erosion of power from the British don't consider legal training as an He was dressed in red, white and blue, but Congressional sector to the Executive and adequate background to conceptualize new in a very muted way. His graying hair made Judicial Branches has occurred in Senator laws." for a very distinguished looking Senator. In Scott's view, and he foresees efforts by Con­ Lawyers by training and experience are the busy day's schedule we had half an hour gress to recover this. One such action has problem-oriented, not goal-oriented, people. for our interview; so as the clock ticked we been his recent introduction of a. proposal So, says Alstadt, are most, i.f not all, of the talked. to transfer the Cffice of Management and schools today which teach business adminis­ How had Bil Scott, who readily admits Budget from the White House to Congress. tration. They turn out graduates who make that a year before his election name iden­ In this way Congress would have more con­ pretty good executives for problem-oriented tification was a problem outside his district, trol and say 1n the cost of government! Industries like the Insurance business. But ended up in his present post. "I think hard Another current interest of Senator Scott's they are poorly prepared for the goal-oriented work; we had thousands of people that ls busing. He recently testified before the industries which are based on exploiting and helped in the campaign." His campaign was Senate Judiciary Committee on a proposed advancing technology. a collage o! approaches to the voting public, constitutional amendment to bar school bus- September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30253 Ing. He further introduced a bill that would Stephen Turbyfill, son of Mr. and Mrs. the Nixon campaign, again In viola..tion of give jurisdiction over all issues and contro­ Basil Turbyfill; David Webb, son of Mr. the law. versies involving the public schools to the and Mrs. Marvin Webb; Jeff McCall, son The pattern is unmistakable: the Nixon State courts rather than the Federal courts. people deliberately set out to collect huge He feels that the State courts are more at­ of Mr. and Mrs. Smith McCall; Jerry campaign contributions from those who had tuned to local situations and to "the feelings Weir, son of Mr. and Mrs. Don Weir; the most to gain--0r lose-from specific gov­ of local citizens tha.n Federal judges." Larry Miller, ·son of Mr. and Mrs. M. C. ernment actions or policies. There is every And what of Watergate type situations in Miller; Mark Kettenbeil, son of Mr. and indication that they developed what government? Senator Scott who is a lawyer Mrs. D. H. Kettenbeil; Gerald McLendon, a.mounted to a shakedown list of firms most and had in the past been a trial attorney for son of Mr. and Mrs. Gerald McLendon; vulnerable to the pressure and subtle intimi­ the U.S. Department of Justice feels, "that Franklin Snyder, son of Mr. and Mrs. dation they subsequently employed in so­ we're wrong to try the people in the news­ licit ing large contributions. papers; that's what our courts are for. We George Snyder; and Leslie Dooley, son of Perhaps nothing was done in return for ought to exercise restraint in making alle­ Mr. and Mrs. Tom Dooley. •many large contributions. In fact, some gations against people." He further feels that large givers, expecting preferential treat­ "the whole thing was a stupid operation" and ment but never receiving it, have themselves that the media have exaggerated this out of been victimized by tlle system. But it proportion. "Confidence in our system of jus­ SENATOR MONDALE COMMENTS ON shouldn't be necessary to prove compromise tice" will bring out the truth. "Anytime there CAMPAIGN FINANCING REFORM or corruption, or even corrupt intent in is an allegation of wrong doing, it hurts the every instance. It shoulod be sufficient that image of government officials generally and the appearance of improper influence is creates distrust in the political process." enough to undermine public confidence in After a week on the "Hill", how does the HON. DONALD M. FRASER government. Senator relax? Since it is just he a.nd his wife OF MINNESOTA Despite the incredible tales of Mr. }Uxon's at home now in Fairfax County (his three IN THE HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES 1972 fund-raising activities now unfolding, children are grown), they do a lot of travel­ Tuesday, September 18. 1973 no one can pretend that they represent a ing. And where "politicking" used to be a problem unique to Republicans. My own major time consumer, he and his wife now Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, in today's party's fundraising record-while never in can look forward to five more years without Washington Post, Senator WALTER F. Mr. Nixon's league-has not always been as a campaign. He can work very hard physical­ MONDALE makes some timely observa­ open and as forthright as I would like it to have been. ly and be relaxed and does a great deal of tions about the serious defects in the yard work at his house that provides this The chief fault lies in the system itself-a type of relaxation for him. present campaign :financing system. system that puts government virtually up 11:30 by the clock and the interview end­ Senator MONDALE presents a persuasive for sale by forcing candidates to rely on ex­ ed .•• "Well it was good to see you," as if case for public :financing of election cam­ cessively large contributions if they hope to he'd known me for years. paigns. compete successfully in a modern campaign. And what had I learned of Bill Scott, Na­ The article by Senator MONDALE fol­ The single most important reform that can tional Senator from Virginia, in our short lows: result from Watergate, in my judgment, is a fundamental change of this system. This half hour of conversation. First and foremost [From the Washington Post, Sept. 18, 1973 J that he is a politician in a good sense of can be accomplished only if Congress elimi­ the ,vord. He knows who his constituents are PAYl'.NG FOR POLITICS nates the corrosive and corrupting influence and goes to them for advice on how to repre­ {By Walter F. Mondale) of big money in politics and replaces it with sent them well in Congress. Second would In 1519, Charles V, King of Spain and all a system of public financing of campaigns. be that he is a conservative (whatever that of 19 years old at the time, decided it would Public financing is not a new idea-Teddy means as of September 1973) ap.d a Republi· be a nice thing to rule the Holy Roman Em­ Roosevelt first proposed it in 1907-but it is can. Still his election would have been doubt­ pire. Emperors were elected in those days­ a far-reachinl? one. If candidates receive the ful without Democratic support in Virginia. four princes and three archbishops made bulk of their campaign funds from public And third that he is your neighbor ... the the decision-and, not surprisingly, two oth­ instead of private sources, it follows that once man next door working with the rhododen­ er kings also decided they would make good in office they are less likely to be influenced drons on the weekend who reminds you of a emperors. Charles was not to be denied, how­ by private interests. favorite uncle. ever, and he settled on a. winning strategy. For a variety of reasons, however, some As the Senator left the room quickly to He amassed a. campaign fund of $40 million people still believe that it is improper to talk with a staff member, I surveyed the and simply bribed five of the seven elec­ finance political campaigns with the tax­ office and noticed on the window sill ele· tors. Needless to say, he was elected. payer's dollar. It would cost too much, they phants of all sizes ahd materials. There were In 1972, Richard Nixon was not to be say, at a time when there are higher priori­ carved wood ones, cloth ones and even a denied either. He put together a slightly ties. But what is the cost to us, individually small brass one. They almost seemed to form larger campaign fund and, while his cam­ and as a nation of cost overruns and shoddy an orchestra on the sill, fifteen strong. It paign tactics were somewhat more subtle workmanship by Incompetent government made Blll Scott, the Senator, seem more like than Charles', he was equally successful. No contractors, of improper anti-trust settle­ Bill Scott, a friend from Fairfax County who one has accused the President's campaigners ments, of tax loopholes that refuse to close, Just happened to be selected to represent his of trying to buy votes, but some of the meth­ of regulated industries that go unregulated? friends in Congress. ods they employed were only slightly dis­ Other reservations are expressed, many of tinguishable. It was unquestionably the them legitimate and some of which I share. most outrageous use of money in the history Yet they are all overcome by one inescapable of American poli1;ics. conclusion: if we are to effectively limit the EAGLE SCOUTS Perhaps even more outrageous than the amount anyone may contribute to a candi­ way in which that money was used, however, date, at the same time permitting that was the way in which it was raised. Consider candidate to spend enough to run an intellt:­ these examples: gen t, informative and effective campaign, HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN Financier Robert Vesco, in apparent trou­ there is no real alternative to some form OF TENNESSEE ble with the Securities and Exchange Com­ of public :financing. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mission, personally delivered $200,00~in What form should it take? How would it $100 bills-to the Nixon campaign. Then At­ work? There are any number of different ap­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 torney General John Mitchell arranged for proaches, but in Congress and elsewhere Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker. I would Vesco to see the head of the SEC just two there is a growing consensus that if it is to like to take this opportunity to recognize hours later to discuss his difficulties. be fair, workable and effective, a public fi­ Herbert Kalmbach, one of Mr. Nixon's nancing system must: before my colleagues the :fine young men chief fund-raisers, approached American Limit severely the amount individuals and of Troop 116 in Athens, Tenn., who re­ Airllnes board chairman George Spater at groups may contribute to a candidate, but cently achieved the rank of Eagle Scout. a time when American had a merger plan encourage a greater number of small private In reaching the highest goal of the pending before the Civil Aeronautics Board. contributions; Scouting program. these young people Kalmbach, who was not only the President's Limit the amount candidates may spend in displayed. a dedication to our American personal counsel but also attorney for United both primary and general elections; principles and ideals which will prepare Airlines-American's principal competitor­ Provide public funds for primary as well them to take on the responsibility and indicated that a contribution of $100,000 as general elections; leadership of guiding our Nation in the was "expected." American responded to the Use as a. base for public financing the tune of $75,000, most of it in the form of already existing dollar check-off system future. My own sons were in Scouting, clearly illegal corporate funds. adopted under Sen. Russell Long's (D-La..) and I personally know of the great value At- least three major oil companies-Ash­ leadership but undermined last year by the of this organization to young Jnen. I land. Gul1' and Phillips-have each admitted administration; have listed these new Eagle Scouts below: contributing $100,000 of corporate money to Treat fairly minor, new and third-party CXIX--1906-Part 23 30254 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 candidates without encouraging obviously I would like to include in the RECORD On August 6, 1973, Roberto W. Clemente frivolous candidates; at this time information issued by the was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame Provide strict enforcement of campaign Pittsburgh chamber on the Clemente to which he was elected less than three financing regulations by an independent months after his death, becoming only the agency, preferably a federal elections com­ medal: second player ever admitted to the baseball mission. ROBERTO WALKER CLEMENTE: THE MAN, THE shrine without the customary five-year wait­ With the support of Common Cause, Sen. ATHLETE, THE HERO ing period. Richard Schweiker (R-Pa.) and I have intro­ This special, nationally legislated com­ He had become a hero in two worlds. He duced a bill that we believe will accomplish memorative medal has been struck by the was known not only as a baseball superstar, these goals for presidential elections. It pro­ United States Mint in honor of Roberto but also as a man of great compassion who vides tax incentives for a larger number ,of Walker Clemente for his outstanding contri­ devoted much of his own precious time, as small private contributions but strictly butions to, and achievements in, athletic, well as money, to help others who needed limits the amount any one person or orga­ civic, charitable and humanitarian endeavors. help. nization may give; during the pre-nomina­ Commissioned by the Chamber of Com­ Roberto Clemente did not live to see one tion period, any private contribution up to merce of Greater Pittsburgh to memorialize of his fondest dreams realized-the creat ion $100 would be matched by the government; "The Great One" and to aid his humanit arian of a sports city for Puerto Rican youth, a and for the general election it substantially causes, the Roberto Walker Clemente Com­ 600-acre site near the San Juan Interna­ strengthens the dollar check-off system by memorative Medal was designed by Virgil tional Airport. providing from public funds approximately Cantini, world-renowned Pittsburgh artist About 230 acres will be devoted to open two-thirds of the amount a candidate is per­ and sculptor. Mr. Cantini loved to watch field and indoor sports, 50 acres to water mitted to spend. If implemented in 1976, it Clemente play baseball, and had great re­ sports and 300 to passive recreation. would cost approximately $100 million for spect for his professionalism. He also admired Clemente died a hero's death on Decem­ the presidential election. him deeply for his concern for others, for ber 31, 1972 at the age of thirty-eight in an Whatever form public financing utimately his generous spirit and for his abiding sense airplane crash while on a mission of mercy takes, there is a growing bipartisan recog­ of compassion. Roberto Clemente's records as to deliver supplies from Puerto Rico to nition that now is the time to act. Water­ a baseball player and his achievements as a earthquake victims in Nicaragua. gate has provided one of those unique mo­ man are designed symbolically into the me­ His death stunned hundreds of thousands ments in history when it is actually possible dallion with sensitivity and clarity by Mr. of people who had watched his consistent ly to effect fundamental change. According to Cantini. exemplary play on the major league baseball a. recent Gallup Poll, 58 per cent of the Amer­ The lines of Clemente's handsome profile, fields. Clemente had matured into a ball ican people now favor public financing of sculpted into the obverse side of the medal­ player who could "do it all" and make it federal elections. For the first time since lion along with the incused curves of the seem so effortless-hit, run, field, and throw it was seriously proposed nearly 70 years baseball seam, represent the symmetry be­ so powerfully and unerringly that perhaps ago, the idea of meaningful public financing tween this great man and his profession. On no other outfielder ever matched his arm. is beginning to achieve a momentum of its the reverse side of the medal, multiple base­ The fatal plunge of the aircraft into the own. Whether that momentum can trans­ balls crash through a symbolic barrier, rep­ waters off the coast of Puerto Rico was re­ late the idea into law will probably be known resenting in the artist's concept the explo­ ported throughout the world and millions in the next few months. In the end, it will sive impact of the Clemente heart and arm more mourned the loss of Clemente as his turn on the determination of the American on his fellowman's conscience. quiet, private humanitarian activities came people to reclaim their government. The medallion also carries a line of a poem to light in newspapers and magazines, by written by Maria Cantini, the artist's daugh­ radio and television and from one person ter, in tribute to the beloved sports figure. to another wherever people would congregate The line-"You shared your joy with the in disbelief--overtaken by sorrow at the CLEMENTE MEDALS NOW less than joyful lot"--serves as a poignant abl'.Uptly extinguished life of this man, this remembrance of Clemente's unselfishness. athlete, this hero. AVAILABLE TO PUBLIC Up to a maximum of only 200,000 com­ Long revered by both young and old in memorative medals are authorized to be his native land of Puerto Rico, in the United minted under the special legislation enacted States and throughout the Americas, the HON. WILLIAMS. MOORHEAD by the Congress of the United States of Amer­ world will remember him long and well as a OF PENNSYLVANIA ica and signed into law by President Richard man who gave so much of himself to others. M. Nixon on May 14, 1973. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The legislation-which authorizes the mint­ ROBERTO CLEMENTE COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL: Tuesday, September 18, 1973 ing of the medallion exclusively for the MARKETING-BACKGROUND INFORMATION Chamber of Commerce of Greater Pittsburg Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. The Chamber is legislated as the exclusive also directs that profits derived from the sale distributor of the medals. Not more than Mr. Speaker, earlier this year, the Con­ of the medal shall be contributed to the 200,000 are authorized to be minted. None gress approved and tte President signed Roberto Clemente Memorial Fund. The Fund, will be minted after 31 December 1974. legislation introduced by myself and which is administered by the Pittsburgh Initially, the medal will be offered in two several of our colleagues, authorizing Baseball Club, was created to fulfill Cle­ sizes: 3" bronze and 1 5/16" gold plated the Treasury to strike a commemorative mente's envisaged Youth Sports City in bronze pendant with removable loop. Puerto Rico and to carry on his work in the The medallions will be produced by the gold medal, and 200,000 copies, in honor relief of the victims of the earthquake that of Roberto Walker Clemente, the great Philadelphia Mint and will bear its symbol devastated much of Nicaragua in 1972. "P." Purchases, reserved solely to the Cham­ Pittsburgh Pirate baseball player killed Roberto Clemente's spectacular career with ber, will be in lots of 2,000 per size or style in a New Year's eve mercy flight to the Pittsburgh Pirates began in the 1955 of medallion. earthquake ravaged Nicaragua. season after he was drafted from the Only the 3" size will be serially numbered. The Greater Pittsburgh Chamber of Triple-A Montreal Club of the Brooklyn Public sales price will be $10.50 per medal. Commerce is the official sponsor for Dodgers on November 22, 1954. Sales price is subject to 6 percent sales tax He batted over .300 in thirteen of his where applicable. The 1 5/16" pendant style sales of the Clemente medal. All proceeds eighteen Pirate years and had a lifetime .317 from medal sales will go to the Roberto medal will be sold at $10.00 per each, also batting average. subject to Pennsylvania sales tax. Clemente Memorial Fund which is ad­ He won four National League batting The engraving and die-cutting costs are ministered by the Pittsburgh Pirate titles-in 1961, 1964, 1965, and 1967. underwritten by Sears, Mellon Bank, Pitts­ baseball club and has as its major goal His back-to-back five-hit games against burgh National Bank, Gimbels, Hornes and the building of a sports city complex in Los Angeles, August 22 and 23, 1970, re­ Kaufmanns. Puerto Rico for youngsters. mains a National League record for the A descriptive folder will accompany each The sports complex for young people most hits in two consecutive games (more medal sold. Text will be in both English than eighteen innings) . was a Clemente dream which the super­ and Spanish. Costs for this are underwritten, He was awarded the Golden Glove for in part, by Gulf Oil Corporation and At­ star had just begun working on when he fielding excellence twelve times. lantic-Richfield Company. died. He was the National League's Most Valu­ The Chamber will service inquiries/orders The medal was officially presented to able Player in 1966. He played in eleven from buyers located outside the local mar­ the public today in a press conference All-Star games, with illness preventing his keting area. Local sales will be handled by at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh. play in the twelfth. Sea.rs, Pl.ttsburgh Na.tl.onal Bank, Gimbels, The medals, both a 3-inch bronze and He led his Pittsburgh Pirate teammates Hornes and Kaufmanns. a 1% -inch gold-plafied bronze pendant to victory in the 1971 World Series, in which Each sales outlet will develop and operate 6 he was named the outstanding player. its own sales procedure. Each sales outlet will with removable loop, are available H1s final regular-season hit on September conduct point of sales promotion. Ea.ch sales through the Chamber of Commerce of 80, 1972, a double, was his 3,000th-an outlet will also feature a medal order coupon Greater Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., achievement recorded by only ten others in in its newspaper advertisements to the extent 15219 at a cost of $10.50 each. major ~eague history. possible and feasible. September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30255

The sales outlets and the Chamber will EFFECTS OF A HOSPITAL FORMULA.RY ON DRUG take whatever steps are necessary to assure cooperate with respect to transferring medals PRESCRIBING BY PHYSICIANS IN PRIVATE physician cooperation with the formula.ry between and among themselves to accom­ PRACTICE chosen. modate sales demands. (By Barry A. Bunting,• BS, Brandt Rowles,•• The noted clinician Walter Modell O af­ The Chamber's Public Relations staff will Ph. D., and Albert I. Wertheimer, • • • firms the validity of a hospital based formu­ work with radio and TV stations for public Ph.D.) lary system, giving credence to its poten­ service promos. A survey of the literature of the pa.st 10 tial benefit to practitioners of medicine. Ju­ To help minimize workload for the sales years reveals an odd assortment of publica­ lien 5 discussed some disadvantages of the outlets as promotional activity begins but tions on the topic of hospital formularies. formulary system, such as sacrifice of brand before the medals are actually available for A substantial number describe methods of choice and ha.bit, but stated that the result­ sale, the Chamber will provide two of its establishing them, either by the use of elec­ ing gains in economy and drug information telephone lines for recorded information. tronic data processing or by manual modi­ were well worth the sacrifice. The numbers are 391-3409 and 391-3412. fication of the American Hospital Formula.ry In an article discussing the new Massachu­ Participating underwriters of the engraving Service or other formulary list. There is a setts law requiring physicians to include the charge will be featured as local sales outlets. chemical or generic name when writing for good deal of discussion about the role of 1 The symbolism designed into the medal the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee certain branded drugs. Allan discussed the was conceived and created by Virgil cantini, in the implementation of a hospital for­ advantage of inventory simplification. He internationally known Pittsburgh born mulary, but most authors subjectively or further stated that there would be less con­ sculptor and artist. fusion than that ca.used by multiple names anecdotally show how well the formulary for a single drug. The legislation authorizing the U.S. Treas­ system works in the hospital in which they ury to strike the commemorative medal was practice. There seems to be little doubt that DO FORMUL.!!.RIES AFFECT PRESCRIBING? A signed into law by President Nixon on May the formula.ry system is well accepted by STUDY 14, 1973. those who publish papers on the characteris­ There is evidently little, if any, controversy Exclusive right to reproduce, exhibit, fea­ tics of their particular hospital pharmacy. about the fact that a formulary can reduce ture or otherwise use the likeness of Roberto With so much subjective praise in print, drug costs within an institution. The litera­ Clemente in the uniform of the Pittsburgh it is difficult to objectively document ture provides adequate information on this Pirates in the design, production and mar­ whether or not a formulary does what it is point. However, it is difficult to show that the keting of the commemorative medal was intended. Even the term formulary can be level of patient ca.re is raised by the use of a ~ranted to the Chamber by the Pittsburgh misleading, as it has been used to describe limited choice of drugs. We believed that one Baseball Club and the Roberto Clemente anything from the simple drug list of a hos­ way to show this would be to see if physi­ Memorial Foundation on February 26, 1973. pital stocking almost every brand of nearly cians operating under a formulary system All proceeds (less expenses) generated from every drug product to the very limited and had enough faith in the drugs used in their the sales of the Medal will be remitted to strictly controlled formularies of certain hospital to prescribe them in their private the Clemente Memorial Fund, c/ o The Pitts­ large university hospitals. The ideal for­ practice. burgh Baseball Club, as soon as practicable mulary should be comprised of a select few We wished to formulate a study on this after 31 December 1974. drugs of choice for each therapeutic cate­ question and publish the results. If someone gory. in a hospital with an active Pharmacy and In this manner, those who prepare lists Therapeutics Committee, large medical staff, may minimize drug costs by avoiding exces­ and a. clinically oriented and dynamic phar­ USE OF DRUG FORMULARIES IN sive inventory duplication and by encour­ macy staff were to design a formulary base.d HMO'S AND HOSPITALS aging manufacturers to submit their lowest on the concept described, it would be logical bids for specific formulary listed drugs. to assume that the chosen drugs would rep­ Equally important, they should use formula­ resent the best clinical judgment of the staff. ries to help raise the level of patient care by Such a hospital was chosen for our study­ HON. DAVID R. OBEY assuring that quality drugs having the an approximately 350-bed general hospital OF WISCONSIN greatest rationale for use within their vari­ with a fairly open medical staff and a limited IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ous therapeutic categories a.re used. and controlled formulary. The hospital car­ STUDIES ON COST REDUCTION ries only 342 different chemical entities, in­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 cluding all dosages forms and strengths; a Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, the American It is well accepted that the formulary has total of 540 items are stocked. a definite role in the control of drugs and If the drugs in the formulary were drugs Pharmaceutical Association and the drug costs within the hospital. In a ques­ Group Health Association of America of choice for their various therapeutic cate­ tionnaire survey, Bowles a showed that of the gories in the daily medical routine of the · are sponsoring a 3-day conference in 142 largest nonfederal a.cute care hospitals hospital, it is reasonable to assume that Chicago next week-September 24-26- in each state whose representatives re­ they would also be so in the staff physicians' on pharmaceutical services in health sponded, 85% stated that the pharmacy was private practices. The question we asked in given authority to dispense "generic equiv­ maintenance organizations. our study is: "Can a formulary be effective alents." Foulkes 4 wa.s able to demonstrate The portion of the program dealing in guiding a staff physician's private prescrib­ with formularies is designed to consider a 66 % decrease in the cost of antibiotics diS­ ing habits?" pensed within a hospita.I by having physi­ Eleven hospital staff physicians were ways in which an HMO-through its cians fill out a special cost-comparison requi­ pharmaceutical services component­ chosen as the research sample. The sample sition form if they wished to prescribe ex­ included four emergency room physicians, can influence the quality and economy pensive antibotics. It was observed that the because they would be extremely familiar of health care as it relates to rational largest decrease in drug costs was allowed by the physicians• willingness to cooperate with with the formulary items inasmuch as a drug therapy. small but complete stock of them is carried Included on the program are: a pharmacy-based drug control procedure. Rosner 7 studied the financial effects of for­ in the emergency room. Table 1 shows a. Albert H. Angelini, area supervisor for mularies in hospitals and showed that re­ breakdown of the physicians studied. pharmaceutical services, Kaiser Per­ stricting the inventory of drugs in the hos­ TABLE !.- PHYSICIAN PROFILES mante Medical Care program, who will pital pharmacy definitely reduced costs. Al­ discuss the formulary concept; though he cautioned that the mere existence Age in Board Dr. Thomas Dunphy, associate clinical of a "formulary" would not guarantee this, Phys ician 1973 Type of practice certified director at the Hunter Foundation for generic equivalent dispensing consent agree­ ments were shown to be highly influential in Health Care, Lexington, Ky., who will At ______. 44- decreasing drug costs. As would be expected, 8 1______Full-time general practitioner_ No. discuss the development of more eff ec­ as hospital size increased, :financial perform­ c1______41 Occupational medicine ______Yes. tive drug prescribing and utilization; and 51 Full-time general practitioner_ No. ance improved. 0 1______42 General practitioner (second- No. Dr. David A. Knapp, professor of In hospitals using formularies, there ap­ E______ary specialty, pediatrics). pharmacy administration at the School pears to be widespread physician acceptance F ______4441 __Full-time___ do ______general___ practitioner______NNoo. of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, of the arrangement. It is a controversial G______60 _____ do ______No. point as to whether an extremely rigid for­ H______49 _____ do ______No. who will discuss manual drug utilization 52 __ ___ do ______No. review systems. mula.ry is advisable. Archambault a suggests J'-- __------______49 __ __ _do ______No. that rigid formula.ries are an annoyance and K______42 ___ __ do ______No. Because of its relevance, I should like that procedures such as utilization review to include an interesting paper, "Effects would lessen abuses of prescribing outside of a Hospital Formulary on Drug Pre­ the formula.ry. The pharmacist and the Phar­ !Emergency room physician. scribing by Physicians in Private Prac­ macy and Therapeutics Committee should It may be seen that the typical physician tice," which appeared in the August, is a general practitioner-the type of physi­ 1973, number of Hospital Pharmacy: Footnotes at end of article. cian who would generally prescribes a broader 30256 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 range of drugs because of the broader spec­ Not only are costs lowered, but physicians Department, Mr. Cook received the su­ trum of illnesses seen by him. accepted the formulary concept to the point perior honor award, citing his- FINDINGS OF THE STUDY of using it outside the confines of the in­ stitution. It may be concluded that hospital Last contributions to the breadth and depth The prescription records of two community of the educational and cultural program and pharmacies near each of the sample physi­ formula.ries can be all they a.re promoted to be, if properly administered by the pharmacy to its increasing effectiveness in meeting for­ cians' offices were audited for the months of eign policy objectives. June, July and August 1972. The results are service and the P&T committee. seen in table 2. FOOTNOTES Donald Blake Cook was a remarkable *Hospital Pharmacist, St. Lawrence Hos­ man, and his passing is a great loss to TABLE 2.-PRESCRIPTIONS WRITTEN IN PRIVATE PRACTICE pital, Lansing, Mich. BY SAMPLE PHYSICIANS DURING 3 MONTH PERIOD the programs he championed. I extend to ••Associate Professor of Pharmacy, Ferris his family my deepest sympathy. State College, Big Rapids, Mich. Total RXS Not in Percent in •••Pharmacy-Related Programs Branch, Doctor written1 ~ormulary formulary Nat'l. Center for Health Services R & D, U.S. Dept. of HEW, Rockville, Md. 1 THE AMERICAN WAY A ____ ------35 15 57.1 Allan, F. N.: Generic drug names required 8 __ ------45 0 100. 0 by Massachusetts law. N. Engl. J. Med. 285: c_ ------27 9 66. 7 405, 1971. 38 2 94. 7 D__ ------2 Archambault, G. F.: The hospital phar­ HON. GEORGE A. GOODLING [_ ------247 38 84.6 F------406 30 92.6 macy and drug utilization: Procedural real­ OF PENNSYLVANIA G_ ------323 29 91.0 ism. Hosp. Formulary Management 3:37, 49 7 85.9 (Feb.) 1968. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "------135 28 79. 3 '------3 Tuesday, September 18, 1973 J_ ------109 21 77.1 Bowles, G. C. Jr.: Pharmacist specifies K__ ------79 10 87.3 hospital's drugs. Med. Hosp. 118:108, (Jan) Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, in many TotaL ______1972. l, 493 189 87.3 4 Faulkes, R. C.: Can hospitals control drug respects an American is an imponderable costs? Hosp. Admin. (Canada) 13: 19, 24, human quantity. 1 As found in closet 2 pharmacies to physician's private prac­ (Jul) 1971. While he seeks peace, he will wage war tice location. 6 Julien, J. Y.: Pharmacopoeia (formulary) : with a fury, and after the dust of battle The drug products prescribed by the sam­ Working tool of hospital pharmacy. Hosp. is settled, he will help his former enemy ple physicians in their private practices fol­ Admin. (Canada) 13:55, 58, (Apr) 1971. 6 to get back on his feet. While he is an lowed the hospital formulary list with re­ Modell, W.: Drug equivalence and fixed markable accuracy. The prescribed · drugs combinations. Mod. Med. 39:42, (Sept) 1971. alert and adept businessman, he has a which did not coincide with the hospital 7 Rosner, M. M.: The financial effects of history of being the most generous type formulary fell into four categories. (1) com­ formularies in hospitals. Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. of individual to be found anywhere in bination products, (2) costlier brands of 23 :673, 1966. the world through the many gifts he has formulary drugs, (3) drugs for rare illnesses given to unfortunate peoples all over the and/or products not usually used by in­ globe. When he likes to criticize his Gov­ patients, and (4) nonformulary items. After THE LATE DONALD BLAKE COOK ernment and keep it on track, he will examination of the findings, we found that the hospital fonnulary has an impact upon fight to the death against anyone who medication prescribing in private practice HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE seeks to harm or destroy it. well beyond the indicated 87.3 % compliance Just recently, the Hanover Evening rate. The reasons for this statement stem OF MISSOURI Sun, a prominent daily newspaper in my from analysis of the nonformulary items en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES congressional district, carried an edito­ countered. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 rial by John MacRay Baker entitled Nearly 50% of the nonformulary products Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, this "What Americans Are." Because this prescribed were for branded antibiotics and article throws a very interesting light on antibiotic combination products, whose in­ country has recently lost a dedicated and gredients were in the formulary. Nearly 40 % valued public servant, Mr. Donald Blake the character and nature of a true Amer­ of the nonformulary products prescribed were Cook. ican, I insert it into the RECORD and com­ for combination products that appeared in­ Mr. Cook recently retired from the mend it to the attention of my colleagues. dividually in the hospital formulary. The re­ Bureau of Educational and Cultural Af­ The article follows: maining 10%- of products found in the pri­ WHAT AMERICANS ARE vate practice prescription audit were for fairs-frequently referred to as "CU"­ products that may be used for specific situa­ of the U.S. Department of State. So out­ (By John MacRay Baker) tions not routinely handled in the hospital. standing was he that he was nicknamed Americans are perhaps as confused about Such products included some long-acting "Mr. CU" by his colleagues. Having the future of their country as they have been sulfonamide preparations, muscle relaxants, joined the Department of State in 1946, in the lifetime of those living today. Many antiobesity products, and cough and cold seem to have forgotten that nations undergo he was one of the principal pioneers of growing pains and that periodic adjustments remedies. the worldwide educational and cultural The results of this study indicate that a have to be made in the best social, political fairly rigid formulary can be an accurate exchange programs initiated by the Ful­ and economic systems. This is a time for re­ predictor of private practice drug dispensing. bright Act. He had the unique distinc­ membering just what Americans are. The proof of physician acceptance of a hos­ tion of receiving two Presidential ap­ A great nation is more than a geographical pital drug formulary must be his use of pointments-one to serve as Staff Di­ location; it lives in the hearts and minds of fonnulary items in private practice and the rector of the U.S. Advisory Commission its people. Its life blood is nationalism, which study showed a very surprising adherence on International Educational and cul­ is pumped through its vein by its heart, to the hospital formulary. General prac­ tural Affairs, 1957-60; and the other to which is patriotism. titioners tend to prescribe a wide range of There are those who blame nationalism drugs; therefore, they are deluged by sales serve as executive secretary of the Board for all evils of man, this is because they do representatives and professional samples. The of Foreign Scholarship, 1956-57 and not really understand the nature of that fact that the physicians in the study showed 1962-65. phenomenon. A country, like a family, exists at least an 87.3 % private pmctice compli­ At the request of the USIA, Mr. Cook only so long as there is a consciousness, a ance rate with the hospital fonnulary is little served as special assistant to the Ambas­ deep-rooted feeling of pride, belonging and short of astounding. It might be argued sador in Yugoslavia, where he helped to uniqueness. It is this feeUng that makes a that the formulary contained only the top establish and monitor the first binational nation and sets it apart from mere grouping 342 most commonly prescribed products, so of persons. Nationalism is an evil only when the high compliance rate would be expected. Fulbright academic agreement with a it becomes extreme and one people visualize However, the formulary is far from being Communist country. Later, in his ca­ themselves as a master-race destined to rule such a list, as only certain representative pacity as an educational and cultural the world. drugs from the most popular drugs are in­ specialist on the oversea inspection staff, Patriotism is love of one's own country, cluded. An obvious benefit of such a formu­ he served in areas all over the globe. nothing more. It is not immoral to place the lary is the elimination of the considerable During his years with the exchange welfare of your own nation first anymore duplication of branded names for a single program, Donald Cook occupied virtu- than it is evil to give priority to the welfare generic drug. Evidently, the sample physi­ ally every high-level position which CU of your own family. Frustration and discour­ cians looked upon the formulary a.s an aid agem~nt a-re constant companions for Ameri­ to good patient care. If they viewed it as and its p.redecessor organization offered cans today. My evaluation of the vast ma­ a necessary evil or an impediment, one would including that of senior program adviser jority, young and old, sustains for me an op­ anticipate different drug orders to be writ­ to the Assistant Secretary of State. timism which transcends my fears. Ameri­ ten for their private patients. Upon his retirement from the State cans are unique. What are we, exactly? September 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30257 An American is a person who is often weak This is a time for calm determination to mit First Midwest to purchase a minority in his understanding of his heritage, not be­ make the system work when it is right, to stock interest at an agreed-upon price. cause he is indifferent but because he would change it only if it is wrong. It is a time for Ruvelson and Greenshields, in other words, rather look forward than back. He is im­ level-headed appraisal. The only thing that speculate on the success of the companies in patient only because he is never content with will destroy us is panic. When the chips are which they invest, as do all investors, in a things as they are. He wants something down, history reveals that Americans do not sense. What makes a venture capital com­ better. panic, they pull together and win. pany different is that it provides a sizeable An American is a person who typically Our republic will survive and become pool of capital to firms that do not have it strives to improve the lot of all mankind and greater because most of us are Americans in available elsewhere. to elevate humanity in general to the lofty the finest sense of the word. Venture capital firms serve as a source of heights his own nation has achieved. He is long term unsecured finan~ing that banks, eager to learn almost anything at almost any by law, cannot provide. Rather than compete age; he is willing to try almost anything with banks, such firms usually work closely even when the chances of success are not in MINNESOTA PROGRESS with them, supplying equity capital that his favor. strengthens the base of a growing company An American is a person who loves free­ and makes it eligible for a more favorable dom so much that he often takes it for line of commercial credit from the bank by granted. He has a strong sense of respon­ HON. BILL FRENZEL virtue of being subordinated to the bank's sibility and has little patience with those who OF MINNESOTA position. Similarly, venture capital investments sup­ want everything done for them instead of IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES seeking opportunity to do things for them­ port Municipal Industrial Revenue bonds, selves. Each day sees those who have con­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 which provide capital for the brick and mor­ trived some new way to make usefulness pay. tar while venture funds provide the neces­ A good American refuses to admit that there Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, a recent sary working capital. are no frontiers; he believes there will ever article in the magazine, Minnesota Prog­ A case in point is Crown Auto Stores, a re­ be new ones. Even while professing prag­ ress, reports the successes of a particular tailer of automotive parts, which has just matism he is the world's greatest idealist. venture capital firm in Minnesota. The financed a new headquarters building and He does not hide his country's defects, draw­ firm, First Midwest Corp., was the first warehouse facility t hrough a $1,345,000 Min­ backs and dreams turned into nightmares. Small Business Investment Co. licensed nesota Municipal Industrial Development Most Americans have an abiding faith in the Bond. by Congress in 1959. Its founder and First Midwest Capital Corporation has been wisdom of the Founding Fathers who had an president, Mr. Alan K. Ruvelson, has abiding faith in Almighty God. The system an investor in Crown since 1966, providing of government their wisdom created is so been a pioneer in the venture capital capital which has made it possible for the right that there is no need to conceal its field. He has guided his firm well and firm to expand and grow. At the time of its blemishes and imperfections. The American been a leader in improving SBIC's to the investment the young retail firm had a net has-and the system encourages-a nearly point where they are now a dynamic worth of $200,000 and liabilities of more than fanatical urge to correct that which is not member of the financial community. $500,000. perfect. This unique creature, the American, Congress intended that SBIC's func­ With the equity provided by First Mid­ has created a hard-headed, practical nation west, Crown was able to improve its bank tion as an alternative money source for credit situation and accelerate its growth but one which is generous and sentimental. growing businesses unable to secure He has been fearful but has never lacked the pattern. courage to overcome his fears. He has been funds through existing sources. During The 12-year-old firm now has 35 retail cockey but has always had a soft heart. He the present credit tightening, SBIC's stores throughout Minnesota, and employs longs for a world of nations among who there may find that they· have an expanded 320 people. is understanding, prosperity, friendliness and role to play in financing new enterprises. Crown has outgrown it s office and ware­ mutual confidenc·e. First Midwest Corp. is an example of a house facilities in the Twin Cities three Except in times when he is afraid or an­ times. Through the industrial revenue bond, firm ready to meet that demand. it has just completed construction of a 70,- gered, the American has never been one to The article follows: wear his heart on his sleeve, he is often em­ 000-square·-foot distribution center and barrassed and awkward when called upon to FIRST MIDWEST CAPITAL CORP. Is-A VENTURE headquarters in Eden Prairie. display the patriotism which is deep in his CAPITAL FmM THAT GAMBLES ON BUSINESS Such funding would have been impossible soul and sph·it. SUCCESS if Crown Auto Stores had not achieved finan­ Today, a few who call themselves Ameri­ On the 16th floor of the IDS Tower in Min- · cial strength through venture capital and cans have lost sight of their own heritage and neapolis is a supply of a commodity for supporting bank financing. Nor would in­ forgotten that every generation owes a debt which there should be an enormous demand. creased facilities have been necessary, for to the past. These few h·ave forgotten that The commodity is money. without venture capital Crown would not this is a country of freedom only because men Bud Ruvelson and Andy Greenshields are have been able to achieve the rapid rate of and women who lived in the past had the almost always busy, but they are also sur­ growth it now enjoys. courage to fight and the will to sacrifice. prised that they are not busier. . Venture capital is usually invested in Without their vision, their savings and their They are venture capitalists. Their busi­ young, emerging companies that are trying hard work; we would not have our great in­ ness is investing in small, growing companies to grow, but need additional funding. Their dustries, our unmatched standard of living, that need working capital. Over the years profits, if any, are typically not sufficient to our vast system of universal education, or they have invested in many firms, in Min­ simultaneously pay the additional costs of our leisure. We are gradually awakening to nesota, Wisconsin, Michigan and Missouri. expansion, new markets, increased inventor­ the fact that we have an obligation to pass on There are always at least half a dozen firms ies, adequate staffing, new product develop­ the freedom and opportunities we inherited. . in their portfolio. ment, R & D, quality control, etc. Most Americans are seeing, more clearly, that And even though they are highly selective These are good companies, with consider­ no generation has a right to live for itself about the firms in which they invest, they able potential, or the venture capital people alone. None has the right to squander the don't understand why there isn't a :ine at wouldn't touch them. They have good prod­ nation's resources, to live beyond its means the door, particularly in these days of tight ucts, and most important, capable manage­ and to eat up earnings of generations yet money. ment. unborn. The present must not steal from and Alan K . Ruvelson, president and founder "We look very closely at management," enslave the future. Each generation must of First Midwest Corporation, is a pioneer­ said Greenshields. "We aren't going to be pay, to the future, a debt which it owes to perhaps THE pioneer-in the small business running the company; its management is. the past. investment field. First Midwest Capital Cor­ And that management has to know where Those who refuse to see these truths may poration, now a subsidiary, was the first it's going, and how to get there." be citizens of The United States and our po­ Small Business Investment Company li­ A company can raise money by going litical system allows them to be wrong, but censed by Congress in 1959. public, of course, but that's a pretty big step they are not Americans in the philosophical Andrew J. Greenshields, vice president, all by itself. It's hard to grow and go pub­ sense. They are misguided. They want some­ now directs the activities of the venture lic at the same time. thing for nothing. They are like small chil­ capital firm. And there are days when going public dren who fret and cry when they cannot tie As high risk investors, Ruvelson and isn't a particularly attractive way to raise their shoes, they must be taught. The proc­ Greenshields are gamblers-but gamblers capital. The last few years have been replete wit h such instances. Secondary offerings ess of their education requires the patience who understand the odds, who stu1y the on the local market have also had limited of a loving parent who sees a weakness in his horses, the riders and the condition of the appeal. child but will not cater to it. track. Such venture capital firms as First Mid­ Real honest-to-goodness Americans will They take risks by making loans that banks west have, at more favorable times, rendered keep faith with our heritage and, in time, the will not make; unsecured loans; debentures considerable assistance to portfolio com­ spasm of internal strife and divisions among protected only by the general credit worthi­ panies wishing to go public, just as they've us will pass. This nation will resume its pur­ ness of t he company. Typically, there are war­ helped portfolio companies get favorable suit of greatness. That is our destiny. rants attached to the debent ures, which per- bank loans and insurance company money. 30258 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 When a venture capital firm makes an in­ deterioration of the quality of health the inflationary spiral now afflicting the en­ vestment, it helps its client in any way it care provided-points that were well doc­ tire medical care system. can, just to protect that investment. If the In addition to proposing an end to Hill­ company doesn't succeed and grow and pros­ umented in the Post articles. This morning the Post printed a letter Burton, the administration is moving on per, there will be no capital gain. other fronts to counter hospital building ex­ The venture capital company also serves from the Under Secretary of Health Ed­ cesses. as an interested third party, a sounding ucation, and Welfare, Frank C. Cariucci. . One major tool, as the articles reported, board to which management can go for ad­ Mr. Carlucci has some very pertinent is the Comprehensive Health Planning vice on financial m atters, marketing strat­ comments about the series and about (CHP) program, in which grants a.re made egy, lease or buy decisions and other that sacred cow known as the Hill­ to states and commUnities to underwrite subjects. area-wide planning of the kind and scope CSC Corporation, Maple Plain was a com­ Burton program. I think his letter speaks pany with a negative net worth when First for itself and I commend it to the atten­ necessary to assure maximum use of exist­ Midwest invested in it. With the help of tion of my colleagues. ing facilities, and to block over-construction venture capital and a local development It is time to stop taking the easy way of hospitals and other unnecessary facilities. W~ have asked for $38 million for Compre­ bond backed by the Small Business Admin­ out in the field of health care and start istration, CSC was able to expand its pre­ hensive Health Planning agencies in fiscal looking further beyond the bricks and 1974, a boost of $3 million over 1973 and $12 mium business. mortar that seem to hold such fascina­ Expansion and additions to its facilities million above the 1972 budget figure. And have meant increased employment in the tion for this body. The letter follows: under 1973 Medicare legislation, as Mr. Cohn area, and, because of the volume of mail THE HOSPITAL BUILDING FRENZY noted, state health planning agencies will the premium business generated, Maple Post reporter Victor Cohn's excellent series be empowered to recommend cut-off of, Plain now has a First Class post office. exposing the health and inflation dangers in­ Medicare and Medicaid interest and depreci­ These-and Interplastic and St. Croix Cor­ herent in this area's current hospital build­ ation reimbursements for new hospital con­ poration and many others--are the success ing frenzy illustrates, in fact, a national struction of expansion which they judge to stories, of course. There are also failures in rather than simply a local problem. be unnecessary . . this high risk business. But the venture As Mr. Cohn's articles amply documented, But we do not pretend to be satisfied with capital companies that can't pick winners the medical "edifice complex" will not result the CHP program, and far more than in­ aren't around very long. in better medical care. Rather, it will lead creased funds is needed. CHPs need to be Across the United States, Small Business inevitably to higher costs with no guarantee invigorated with a new sense of mission and Investment Companies have provided the of improved care. It, in fact, has the potential endowed with new powers and governm~ntal working capital for such diverse enterprises for generating a deterioration in the quality support at all levels. They must get in there as three major mini-computer firms, Farrell's of medical ca.re. and do a job, rather than Just write periodic ice cream parlors, Marine World, and Lion The entire nation can be the beneficiary of reports mostly for internal consumption. Country Safari. this perceptive reporting if members of the And, a bit further down the road we will In these days of unstable market condi­ Congress also read, and heed, the message report to the Congress and make recom­ tions and tight money, it should be good news in the articles. For the truth is that this mendations for reform of all the federal pro­ to a lot of companies that there is money area's experience with hospital over-con­ grams involved in health planning and re­ available in the Small Business Investment struction and its resultant cost-push is be­ source allocation. Company program-money assured by an ing duplicated in communities, large and Obviously, it is high time for the federal amendment to the Small Business Adminis­ small all across the nation. government and all segments of the health tration Act passed last year. Empty hospital beds drive up prices in two care industry to begin working together to The necessary capital is there, for the ways. First and most obvious, the price of assure quality care to all Americans-at a right venture. occupying beds must be increased to cover price they, and their country~an afford to the cost of maintaining empty beds. Second pay. and most subtly, the existence of the sur­ FRANK C. CARLUCCI, plus contributes to utilization of hospitals Washington. THE HOSPITAL BUILDING FRENZY when less costly care would suffice. This might be termed the "Mt. Everest fixation"­ doctors use hospitals, the most expensive health care facility, "because they are there." CHARTER FLIGHTS HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL Hopefully, the Post series will be remem­ OF Il.LINOIS bered as a lesson that over-construction of hospitals is not only a hospital or medical IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES care problem-it is a basic pocketbook issue. HON. MARVIN L. ESCH Tuesday, September 18, 1973 Every citizen bears the brunt of over-build­ OF MICHIGAN ing, either through higher insurance pre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I am sure miums or out-of-pocket expenses, or through most of my colleagues are aware of the higher taxes. Tuesday, September 18, 1973 series of articles entitled "Our Unplanned On a national basis, since 1966 the total ex­ Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, I know that Hospitals" which were carried by the pense per patient day in a hospital has more than doubled-from $48 to $130. And pre­ my colleagues and I want to see to it that Washington Post beginning late last the public is offered the safest, most month. liminary findings by the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission indicate dependable, and most economical air Last week, during our debate on the that $19 or 17 per cent of each patient's transportation possible. However, I rise HMO legislation I referred to that series daily hospital bill goes to support the cost today to indicate my deep concern over in making the point that "hospital" has of empty beds in that state. legislation under consideration in both been a magic word in this chamber for In far too many cases in the pa.st, I am Houses which would virtually allow sup­ too many years. No one feels he can sorry to relate, the federal government-­ through the Medical Facilities Construction plemental air carriers--charter flights­ justify an "antihospital" vote to the folks to fly the routes of scheduled airlines at back home. Program, or Hill-Burton as it is better known-has contributed to the growing na­ cutrate costs. It has been so easy to associate better tional excess in hospital beds by subsidiz­ This bill, S. 1739, introduced by Sena­ health care with new hospitals, because ing unneeded hospital construction. Presi­ tor CANNON, would lift the restrictions buildings are so highly visible. There dent Nixon's budget for the current fiscal currently imposed by the Civil Aeronau­ they are-eye-catching, concrete exam­ year proposed terminating Hill-Burton. The tics Board on supplementals by permit­ ples of how much we really care about decision was made on the basis of a nation­ wide surplus of hospital beds-a surplus we ting the nonscheduled to sell directly to our sick and our poor, and how much we the public. In addition, this bill would a,re doing for them. It is easy, but it is a estimated at about 200,000. In our view, Hill-Burton is a classic ex­ authorize the CAB to let supplementals copout. ample of the difficulty of phasing out a long­ fly what amounts to individually ticket­ I made the point then that the Post entrenched federal program even when its ed, regular service in the United States series could be written about many other praiseworthy original goals have not only and to countries abroad. parts of the country, as well as this area. been met but exceeded. Such programs over At first glance, this would appear to the years build up large constituencies and We are over-building hospitals, and in groups of supporters, within the bureauc­ be a boon to the traveling public. Why the areas that need them least. The ef­ racy, the Congress and the general public. not allow cheaper air transportation be­ fect is just exactly the opposite of what This is certainly true of Hill-Burton, which tween our major cities? Why not allow we say we want. These unneeded hospital the Congress has voted to fund for still an­ the advantages of reduced charter fares beds result in higher health costs, in­ other year despite overwhelming evidence to be available throughout the country? creased insurance costs, higher taxes and that it contributes to over-construction and The answer is that if enacted, this bill September 18, 1973· EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30259 fighter for freedom and democracy, died Carey served for 15 years as president. Dur­ would endanger the very survival of our ing this period, the IUE negotiated major scheduled airlines, and would ultimately in Silver Spring, Md. During his distin­ chain-wide contracts, scored breakthroughs cost the public plenty in both conven­ guished career in trade unions, Mr. Carey in pension, severance pay and other areas, ience and increased fares. The question founded and served as the first presi­ and demonstrated its commitment to human naturally arises as to how can this dent of the International Union of Elec­ an d civil right s. happen? trical, Radio, and Mechanical Workers, Carey also played a key role on t he com­ Today, more than one-half million and helped to build the CIO, the AFL­ m ittee that laid the groundwork for the people will fly aboard the U.S. scheduled CIO, and the International Confedera­ AFL-CIO merger. In 1955, he was elected tion of Trade Unions. James Carey also a federation vice president. airlines. Before the day has ended, the He also represented the CIO at the found­ traveling public will have used at least turned his liberal ideals into political ing of the United Nations and in the estab­ 1 of nearly 14,000 scheduled airline reality by becoming involved in elec­ lishment of the non-communist ICFTU. flights t.o more than 500 airports, serving toral politics, civil rights and government He frequently testified before Congress, thousands of cities and t.owns in the movement. James B. Carey was a great pressing for union rights and for decent United States and more than 130 points man who devoted his life to furthering treatment of working people. He served on humanitarian ideals. I insert in the REC­ numerous government commissions, includ­ abroad. ing President Truman's Committee on Civil ORD an obituary for James Carey which About the same number did so yester­ Right s. day and about the same number will do appeared in the September issue of the Carey was proud of his work on the com­ so tomorrow and every single day of the IUENews: mit tee, was proud to be a leader in the year. By the end of 1973, the scheduled The orbituary follows: h istoric March on Washington for Jobs and airlines will carry more than 200 million 1911 JAMES B. CAREY 1973 Freedom in 1963, and was proud to be at passengers. . James B. Carey, a founder, first president Selma, Ala., with Martin Luther King in This has been made possible because and giant of IUE, is dead. Carey died sud­ 1965. the Congress and the responsible Federal dently of a heart attack at his home in Sil­ It was the union democracy for which he ver Spring, Md., on Sept. 11. He was 62. stood that produced Carey's defeat for re­ agencies have carefully regulated the Less than 48 hours before, he had re­ election as IUE president. After Jennings' routes airlines can fly. The Government turned from the AFL-CIO Industrial Union victory in t he 1964 membership vote was requires that the scheduled airlines serve Dep·t. Convention in Atlanta, where he re­ affirmed by the Labor Dept. early in 1965, many cities although it is unprofitable ceived a standing ovation as the IUD's past Carey resigned the presidency. for them to do so. One large airline, for. secretary-treasurer. He lent his assistance to Jennings when­ example, loses money on 40 percent .of "Jim Carey was a giant in his devotion to ever called upon in the ensuing years. Dur­ its routes but manages to break even on the well being of workers, in his concern for ing this period, Carey served one of the the oppressed, and in his dedicat ion to free causes he loved, as labor representative of 40 percent and make a profit on the re­ and- democratic trade unionism," IUE Presi­ the United Nations Assn. He retired from maining 20 percent. The money lost in. dent Paul Jennings said. "All IUE members that post last year. the name of public service, safety, and ~eeply mourn his· death. We owe him more Speaking to the International Executive convenience, is made up in the profit than words can express." Board just prior to the 1972 IUE Conven­ made on heavily traveled routes. If these . The tart-tongued, diminutive, courageous tion, Carey urged the union to continue to profitable routes were to become un­ Carey was a major figure in the growth of. fight for the rank and file of the world in profitable, the scheduled airlines would industrial uniop.ism in the U.S. He 4elped the spirit of the CIO. And of himself, he be in serious trouble, as many already build the IUE, the CIO, the AFL-CIO and the added: "I have pleasant and happy mem­ International Confederation of Free Trade ories." are. The proposed legislation would do Unions. He helped lay the groundwork for, DEDICATION just this. By allowing reduced fare char­ and was an early leader in, the U.S. civil _ Jim Carey's sudden death brought tributes ters to compete on normally scheduled rights revolution. He was a vigorous and ef­ from many. routes would force airlines to curtail their fective fighter against union domination by AFL-CIO President George Meany said,­ unprofitable_route~ and .raise their _fares outside forces. He was an advocate of union "We are shocked and saddened at the news or be in danger of going out of business. political action and a campaigner for liberal of Jim's death. He was a staunch supporter The result would be 'less scheduled air­ candidates, from Franklin D. Roosevelt to of the rights of workers, a consistent voice line service to many communities, less Lyndon B. Johnson. for liberalism and he ma.de a unique con­ ' Born in Philadelphia into a large, uniori­ tribution to the cause of trade unionism." choice in departure times, harder to get oriented. family, Carey joined his first union Former District 1 .President Harry Block, reservations, and higher air transporta­ as a teen-aged move projectionist. As a a close associate of Carey's for many years, tion costs. · Philco employee in the early 1930s, he helped said, "There would not have been an IUE Mr. Speaker, I do not believe that Con­ lead a successful strike of 5,000 workers in if it had not been for· Jim, Mass production gress would ever intentionally ups~t the 1933, chaired the commitee that negotiated a workers in the electrical industry have lost fine balance of our air transportation first contract and became a leader of the their leader and minority groups also lost system, ·but the enactment of S. 1739 or AFL Federal· Labor Union that eventually a leader because he was in the forefront of became IUE Local 101. their fight." legislation similar to it would do just At the age of 21, Carey was elected first Secretary-Treasurer David J. Fitzmaurice this. president . of the first electrical, radio and said, "Jim Carey's dedication to working I urge the members of the Interstate machine industrial union in the U.S., the people contributed tremendously to the nuity and Foreign Commerce Committee t.o Radio and Allied Trades National Labor and advancement of organized labor. He was carefullY . review this proposal. I do not Council. In the following year, 1934, he was never afraid of the big boys, be they anti­ believe there is one among us who would named an AFL general organizer. Two years union bosses or bigots. His record eloquently wish to see the excellent service provided later, he was elected first president of a new speaks for itself." by our scheduled airlines curtaileg or industrial union, the United Electrical, Radio Msgr. George Higgins, secretary for research and Machine Workers. of the U.S. Catholic Conference, said, "Jim­ eliminated through the enactment of During this period, Carey helped promote my Carey was one of the most dedicated poorly thought out legislation. the industrial unionism that was sweeping trade unionists I have ever met. The prob­ the country. Recognition of his role was af­ lems he encountered in his later years do firmed in 1938, when he was elected sec­ not in any way minimize his many contri­ retary (later secretary-treasurer) at the butions to the cause of social justice both JAMES CAREY DIES, A DEDICATED founding convention of the Congress of In­ at home and abroad.... I am going to TRADE UNIONIST dustrial Organizations. miss him very much. May he rest in peace." As a vigorous opponent of communism Carey is survived by his wife, the former and supporter of FDR's foreign policy, Carey Margaret McCormick; a daughter, Patricia. was defeated for reelection as UE president Ann; a son, James B., Jr.; 6 sisters and 2 HON. BELLA S. ABZUG in 1941. During the next eight years, he cam­ brothers. OF NEW YORK paigned against Communist domination of unions . .He was a leader in the UE Members Carey's funeral was scheduled Sept. 13 in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for Democratic Action whose national meet­ Silver Spring, Md. Msgr. Higgins was to offi­ Tuesday, September 18, 1973 ing in Dayton May 7-8, 1949, marked the be­ ciate and the announced pallbearers in­ ginning of IUE. cluded: IUE President Paul Jennings, Block, Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, on Septem­ Later that year, the CIO ousted the UE and Fitzmaurice, Jennings' assistant and former ber 11, James B. Carey, one of the fore­ chartered the IUE-CIO. Carey was named Secretary-Treasurer George Collins, IUE most figures in the trade union movement chairman of the administrative commit tee COPE and Legislative Director John Callahan tu the United States, and a devoted and later first president. and Howard Holman of IUD. 30260 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE September 19, 1973 PHILLIP NILES-A QUADRIPLEGIC help at the Department of Rehabilita­ ployment. Such persons might include a car­ HERO tion. Here, for the past 9 years, he has penter who injured his back and can no received extensive services aimed at his longer work in his trade; a former teacher rehabilitation, including counselling, who, because of an automobile accident and HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT academic training, transportation, school brain damage cannot talk clearly; a high school student who is in special classes and OF CALIFORNIA supplies, and a van modified for driving. because of birth defects has not learned to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES With the help of his counsellor, Brid­ get Glidden, Phillip has come a long way read or write, or a person who might have Tuesday, September 18, 1973 toward achieving his goals of independ­ lost employment due to alcoholism, drug Mr. LEGGE'IT. Mr. Speaker, during ence and employment. Now 27 years old, addiction, or emotional problems. the last decade, starting with Vietnam he has an A.A. degree from Diablo Valley Last year the Department worked with and continuing through the Watergate College, drives a motor vehicle, and is persons who had every imaginable type of disaster, disillusionment and cynicism employed at Robin-aides, Inc. a medical disability, helping over 15,000 of them return have become widespread in our country. prosthetics group in Vallejo, Calif. as di­ to employment. It helped them by evaluation One of the effects of these emotions is the rector of sales promotion. of their problems and developing with them frequent claim that America no longer plans for overcoming their disabilities and Phillip Niles' 12-year struggle to over­ for gaining employment. Such plans might breeds heroes. Today I would like to draw come the handicaps imposed by quadri­ the attention of the House to one of my include: counseling, training, transportation, plegia has required an almost super­ the purchase of tools and work clothing, constituents, Phillip Niles, of Vallejo, human amount of courage, perseverance, licenses, auto repairs, and other similar serv­ Calif., whose extraordinary physical and and dedication. Without these qualities, ices, when these services are not elsewhere moral courage disproves this claim. all the help and services in the world available or cannot be afforded by the client. Phillip Niles was recently named the would have done him little good. It is The activities of the Department are paid California Department of Rehabilita­ these qualities which characterize a hero. for by a return of money to the State through tion's Pleasant Hill rehabilitant of the A person who stands above his peers. It the taxation of income gained by the persons year. In 1961, at the age of 15, Mr. Niles is the demonstration of these qualities by rehabilitated. In addition, millions of dol­ broke his neck and back in an automobile Phillip Niles which proves that heroism lars are saved in reduced welfare benefits. accident. The result of this catastrophic is not dead in America. The average cost of supporting a disabled injury is that he was doomed to live life I would like to congratulate Phillip person on Public Assistance for the rest as a quadriplegic-paralyzed in all four Niles on his being named the California of his life is over $100,000. The average cost limbs. Department of Rehabilitation's Pleasant of rehabilitation is under $3,500 per person. Quadriplegia is one of the most dis­ Hill District rehabilitant of the year, and The chief product of the Department is not, abling of all medical conditions. The express my unbounded admiration and however, a saving in money ... its primary psychological blow is sometimes even respect for the qualities he has displayed accomplishment is the restoration of disabled more severe than the tangible physical in deserving this honor. individuals to live a full and productive life. effects. In order to achieve any rehabili­ A description of the Pleasant Hill Re­ The local Pleasant Hill District of the De­ tation, the quadriplegic must maintain habilitation District follows: partment of Rehabilitation provides service morale while almost totally helpless. THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, DEPARTMENT OF to over 3,000 residents of Contra Costa, Napa For almost 3 years after his accident, REHABILITATION, PLEASANT HILL DISTRICT and Solano Counties. Offices are located in Phillip was given intensive medical The Department helps disabled persons Napa, Vallejo, Richmond, San Pablo, Pitts­ treatment. In May of 1964 he applied for who have difficulty gaining or keeping em- burg and Pleasant Hill.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, September 19, 1973 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT the American Revolution for dollars and The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, A message in writing from the Presi- half dollars. D.D., offered the following prayer: dent of the United States was communi- Wait on the Lord; be of good courage cated to the House by Mr. Marks, one of and He shall strengthen your heart.­ his secretaries. MAKING IN ORDER CONSIDERATION Psalms 27: 14. OF CONTINUING RESOLUTION Once again, our Father, we take Thy Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ holy name upon our lips; once again MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE imous consent that it may be in order we thank Thee for Thy goodness which on Monday of next week, or any day has attended us all our days; once again A message from the Senate by Mr. thereafter, to consider a joint resolution we come to Thee for the uplifting experi­ Arrington, one of its clerks, announced making further continuing appropria­ ence of Thy presence. that the Senate agrees to the amend­ tions for the fiscal year 1974 beyond Our prayer is not only that we may ment of the House to a bill of the Sen­ September 30, which is the expiration do our work, but that we may do it well; ate of the following title: date of the present continuing resolu­ not only that we do what is right, but S. 776. An act to authorize the striking of tion. that we like to do what is right; not only medals in commemoration of the lOOth an­ niversary of the cable car in San Francisco. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to that we be genuinely good, but that we the request of the gentleman from enjoy being genuinely good. The message also announced that the Texas? Help us to take this bit of Thy crea­ Senate disagrees to the amendments of Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, reserving tion we call the United States of Amer­ the House to the bill (S. 607) entitled the right to object, I should like to ask ica and mold it into a greater country, "An act to amend the Lead Based Paint the gentleman, would the continuing making life on this land a better and Poisoning Prevention Act, and for other resolution be open to amendment, and brighter experience for all our people. To purposes," agrees to the conference re­ under what parliamentary procedure this end may Thy strength support us, quested by the House on the disagree­ would debate be had on the resolution? Thy wisdom make us wise, and Thy love ing votes of the two Houses thereon, and Mr. MAHON. I will say to my friend, keep us good. Amen. appoints Mr. KENNEDY, MR. WILLIAMS, the gentleman from Iowa, it will be pro­ Mr. NELSON, Mr. EAGLETON, Mr. CRAN­ posed to consider the measure under the STON, Mr. HUGHES, Mr. PELL, Mr. MON­ 5-minute rule. There will be opportunity THE JOURNAL DALE, Mr. SCHWEIKER, Mr. JAVITS, Mr. to amend the continuing resolution. The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ DOMINICK, Mr. BEALL, and Mr. TAFT to be The principle of the continuing resolu­ ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ the conferees on the part of the Senate. tion, of course, is to enable the Govern­ ceedings and announces to the House his The message also announced that Sen­ ment to continue to operate in areas approval thereof. ator BROOKE was appointed as a conferee where appropriations have not b'een en­ Without objection, the Journal stands in the place of Senator TOWER on S. 1141, acted into law. So we would propose only approved. to provide a new coinage design and to change the date of the present con­ There was no objection. date emblematic of the bicentennial of tinuing resolution. There is nothing pro-