1988—2013

Annual Report picture kate Nordens Ark gabor Nordens Ark lies on Åby manor beside the Åby fjord, 20 km from Smögen and Kungshamn on route 171, about 120 km north of Gothenburg. The manor was mentioned as early as the 1300s, but rock carvings and ancient remains show that the farm has roots much further back. The present buildings date mainly from the 1700s and 1800s. Nordens Ark Foundation is a non-profit foundation which is responsible for Nordens Ark. Nordens Ark Foundation owns Åby manor, which covers 400 hectares. Through its activities, Nordens Ark Foundation seeks to promote biological diversity principally by: •• contributing to the conservation of endangered species by controlled breeding, and supporting wild animal populations in their natural habitats through various support measures. •• conducting research and studies of the animals at the park, contributing to an increased understanding of animals and promoting animal survival in the wild. •• acting as an educational resource at all levels from pre-school to colleges and universities. For the past 25 years, Nordens Ark •• being accessible to the public, thereby increasing public interest has worked wisely and determinedly in and knowledge of conservation work. for the good of animals and has “achieved astonishing results. I am proud that, as the Ark’s patron, I have been able to follow this valuable work with endangered animals, and I look forward to continuing to do so.” H.R.H. CROWN PRINCESS VICTORIA is Nordens Ark’s patron.

Nordens Ark’s lands extend over 400 hectares. Aerial photo of Åby manor.

Wetlands

Zoological Park

Åby fjord

Care centre The Ecopark

Rock carvings

Åby Manor The Farm Nordens Ark Hotel 25 years with NORDENS ARK

Contents View of the entrance to Åby manor 1988. Anniversary: Twenty-five years with Nordens Ark •• 1 Highlights 1988–2012 •• 4 The year that’s gone – a review •• 28 Development of Wolverine EEP 2013 •• 33

Annual Report 2013 Administration Report •• 36 Income Statement •• 39 Balance Sheet •• 40 Cash Flow Analysis •• 41 Accounting and Valuation Principles •• 42 Audit Report •• 46 Board of Directors, Auditors and Staff 2013 •• 48

Purchase of Åby manor 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Our Annual Reports have over the years become much appreciated and informative publications.

1992 2000 2007 2010 2012 An armful of newly hatched peregrine falcons. Research college in the newly built auditorium at Annedal, An Amur leopard is examined in the new veterinary 2003. clinic, 2005.

Nordens Ark Hotel Annedal is for staff, Construction of the Farm opens veterinarians and training 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Animal keepers cut up meat for Inauguration of the Wetlands, Unveiling of the standing stone Group guided tours are an important part the predators in the feed kitchen. 2008. at the entrance, 2009. of our activities.

55 Turnover Million kronor 50 Staff Number of employees

93,175 Visitors Annual total

How Nordens Ark developed — in numbers The business has expanded in every way since it began in 1988 — except in the number of visitors, which has remained at about 100,000 a year. Our activities are 50 per cent funded through donations, gifts, funds, sponsors, bequests and Tiger house adoptions. Twenty-five per cent of the remaining funding comes from admission charges, education, forestry and agriculture, and 25 per cent from the hotel’s shop and restaurant.

Wetlands The standing stone Acquisitions and construction house at the roundabout 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Animal collection, number of species 17 Mammals

22 Native breeds

14 Birds

12 Reptiles

23 Amphibians

1 Fish 2 Insects 1 Nordens Ark − a part of Åby manor’s long 25 years history with 1683 Margareta Hvitfeldt bequeaths the manor for the benefit of young boys wishing to study at Gothenburg Nordens Ark grammar school. The foundations were laid for Hvitfeldtska scholarship On an autumn evening in 1996, I was institution which would later become sitting in a van heading south from Hvitfeldtska upper secondary school. Gdansk on Poland’s Baltic coast. We were on our way to Kampinoski National Park 1729 Åby manor house is built. just outside Warsaw. In the back of the 1975 Åby manor is sold to van were three lynxes in transport cages. Gothenburg and Bohus County They were the first mammals to leave Agricultural Society, which re-equips the Nordens Ark for a life of freedom – a farm and demolishes some of the older major event for me. buildings such as a pigsty and a barn Over the years we have delivered more near the entrance. The farm is listed as of historical interest. The Agricultural lynxes to Kampinoski, and today they Society takes on a foreman and a tenant have a small but viable population of Lena M Lindén, MD farmer to look after the grounds. On lynxes in Kampinoski. Even Lithuania has leopard, was so invisible that I became a parts of the land, so-called ‘experimental received lynxes from Nordens Ark. We little anxious. “King attacked by escaped gardens’ are established. have also released 24 European wildcats leopard” wasn’t exactly the headline I in Germany, more than 100 lesser white- 1986 The Agricultural Society looks had in mind for the big day! That didn’t fronted geese in Norway and Sweden, into ways of expanding the manor’s happen, of course. But the early years activities. Pege Schelander, from Bosam 170 peregrine falcons in central Sweden were to prove challenging. We didn’t municipal association, and Hans-Ove and almost 15,000 green toads in various call ourselves a zoo, because we didn’t Larsson from Skansen propose setting parts of southern Sweden. Among others. want to disappoint our visitors. We were up a facility to save and preserve When it comes to summing up endangered animals, modelled on aware that we couldn’t offer the same Nordens Ark’s first quarter-century, there Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. experiences as the great zoos elsewhere. are no figures that are more important Still, many visitors were disappointed. 1987 A working group is formed than these. There were far fewer than we hoped with representatives from the I remember every minute of that for, and that, of course, led to financial Agricultural Society, Bosam and Sotenäs June day in 1989 when King Carl XVI troubles. municipality, as well as Hans-Ove Gustaf flew in by helicopter to inaugurate Larsson. Lena M Lindén is engaged by I’m happy and proud that, despite all the park. We could have done with the Bosam, funded by Bohus county council, the difficulties, we kept steadfastly to the helicopter when we went off into the park to investigate the feasibility of the Foundation’s guiding principle – working project. to look for the animals, because on foot to save and protect endangered animals. we saw almost nothing. The enclosures The breakthrough did eventually come. were huge and full of lush foliage, and the Today, I believe that everyone who animals hadn’t yet settled into their new visits Nordens Ark is rewarded with environments. They stayed out of sight. thrilling animal encounters. Yet things To be honest, there weren’t that many are pretty much as they were on that of them. Our main feature, the snow inauguration day. The best of what we do is not something you can see. It happens away from the enclosures, often far from Nordens Ark. Offspring from our lynxes roam free in Poland. In Mongolia’s Gobi Desert, we finance fieldwork that is providing a unique insight into the life of the snow leopard – knowledge that is vital if we are to halt the species’ decline. In the Russian Far East, we are working with the WWF to improve conditions for the world’s Åby manor house contains many treasures, largest feline, the Amur tiger (also known such as this wallpaper with a Chinese theme as the Siberian tiger). By training and from 1779. Above a bottle of medicine from equipping rangers, we have helped to the drugstore of Håby. pictures tom svensson reduce poaching of tiger prey in the region, which in just a few years has resulted in tiger numbers increasing. Out on the Sotenäs peninsula, not so far from Nordens Ark, we’re working to re- establish rock pools where the threatened This intension to keep only Åbyhällen at Nordens Ark lies on a sloping natterjack toad spawns. We don’t breed endangered species in need for help has rock face and encompasses more than 100 rock carvings depicting animals, boats, natterjack toads at Nordens Ark, and if led us to phase out some of our species. people and cup marks, as well as animal our efforts in the field prove successful, One example is the Rocky Mountain tracks thought to be the paw prints of perhaps that will never be necessary. If so, goat, which has a thriving population wolves. that would be another step in the right in the mountains of North America and picture tom svensson direction. therefore doesn’t need to be kept captive for breeding purposes. More importantly, we have an enthusiastic crew and we’re Nordens Ark has a vision our vision has guided our work with holding fast to our course! This was set out clearly for the first time other species. We are committing more As I near the end of my tenure as in 1989 and has three objectives. and more of our energy and resources captain of Nordens Ark, I find there are Firstly, our animal husbandry must be to what is happening, and what must countless people I must thank: for all the of the highest possible standard and an happen, away from our enclosures, out joyous acclamations, for all the purses example to others. in nature. Our animal collection will that have generously been opened, for Secondly, our aim is to make a continue to develop, with an ever stronger Nordens Ark’s crew and directors who significant contribution to a species’ focus on species whose future we can help have placed such faith in me. Without conservation. Thirdly, we will work to safeguard in some way. your magnificent efforts and selfless actively to create conditions to enable Much remains to be done before this dedication, Nordens Ark would have had species to survive in their natural vision can come fully to fruition. Yet far less wind in its sails, far fewer animals habitat. Only if we can meet these three when I look back on the journey we on its decks. I owe you all my warm, imperatives will we work with a particular have made since 1989, I can claim with heartfelt thanks. species. The third objective is probably confidence that we have chosen the right the toughest, because we are at the mercy way to proceed. Nordens Ark is sailing of inflexible political factors. in the right direction. We’re shipshape,

Nordens Ark on the world stage With its worldwide network of contacts, Nordens Ark is involved in projects for reinforcement, conservation, breeding, rearing and releasing into the wild, with the aim of protecting or strengthening biological diversity both in Sweden and overseas. In short, we champion biodiversity. Some of the species we are helping are shown here. Eurasian eagle-owl Longhorn Lesser white-fronted goose beetle Green toad Greater capricorn Peregrine falcon White-backed beetle woodpecker

White stork

Amur tiger European Otter Euopean Lynx

European catfish

Snow leopard Fire-bellied toad Milos viper

Taurus frog European wildcat 3 l

1988 •• Bohus Breeding Centre Foundation was created by 49 private individuals, mostly friends and relatives of the working group. Founding capital amounted to 24,500 kronor. This newly created foundation borrowed 13 million kronor to set up a facility on the 126 hectares covered by the 25-year lease. Construction comprised a closed breeding section of 30 hectares and a public area of about the same size. Building began in August. •• Offices were opened in one of •• Park closes for the season at the the wings in November. The staff end of August (the only year we were Lena M Lindén as MD, have been closed for the winter). Anna Jonsell as her assistant and Christer Larsson responsible for Nordens Ark joins the Skåne stork project the animals. and collects its first white storks from 1990 Poland. •• Public area is supplemented with picture leif blomqvist activities for children. Oss djur 1989 emellan (Among the Animals) lets children compare their skills with •• A busy spring planning for an •• Nordens Ark joins restocking those of the animals. inauguration on June 14. Some projects for the lesser white- 20 species were procured and •• Otters and mountain goats join the fronted goose, Eurasian eagle-owl Leif Blomqvist was taken on as animal collection. and white stork. zoologist and head of the animal •• Nordens Ark is named Sweden’s collection. •• Visit by Prime Minister Ingvar best zoo by Land (Country) Carlsson during his nationwide •• Construction of a café in the manor magazine. tour. house and a shop in the other wing. •• Formal inauguration by King 1991 1992 Carl XVI Gustaf on June 14, with Crown Princess Victoria appointed •• Maned wolf cubs and two snow •• In a collaboration with Stockholm Nordens Ark’s patron. leopard cubs. Dalls sheep and University and the Swedish Tadjik markhor arrive as new Environmental Protection Agency, species in the public area. Arctic foxes are captured in an attempt to save and secure the wild population. A pair of wild- caught Arctic fox cubs are housed in the public enclosures at Nordens Ark. •• 153 school classes and 11 teacher colleges visit the park. •• Native Breeds Weekend is arranged under the leadership of Nils Dahlbeck. •• Agriculture Committee study visit. •• Nordens Ark wins Centre Party’s Major Environmental Award. •• MD takes part in the first MD Lena M Lindén with project leader international conference, held in Christer Larsson (standing on the rock) Jersey. Nordens Ark joins EAZA. and zoologist Leif Blomqvist. For many years, the puffin by the park entrance was the symbol of Nordens Ark, but it was replaced by a standing stone in 2009. 4 1993 •• Nordiska Vargskogen (Nordic Wolf Forest) inaugurated with a visit by the WWF’s board of directors and trustees under His Majesty the King’s leadership. •• The snow leopards have quadruplets and the park welcomes a record number of visitors. TV programme Hur gör djur (How Animals Do It) makes a donation to Nordens Ark. •• First school camps. •• Nordens Ark receives a one-off government grant of six million kronor under the Rio Convention for our work in preserving biodiversity.

Snow leopard quadruplets born in 1995.

Pelle Karlsson takes charge at Nordens Ark’s first camp school in 1993. Today, there are camp schools for all primary and secondary school levels, as well as for children with special needs. picture christer larsson

•• Aid association presents a gift of •• MD Lena M Lindén elected to 500,000 kronor. IUDZG (International Union of Zoo Directors of Zoological Gardens) and nominated by Swedish 1994 Association of Zoos and Aquaria as representative on EAZA council. •• Fifth anniversary is celebrated as Hans Alfredsson initiates work on a new snow leopard enclosure by drilling into rock. 1995 •• A foal for Przewalski’s wild horses. •• Release of three Nordens Ark lynx cubs in Poland’s Kampinoski •• Nordens Ark zoologist Leif Blomqvist National Park. Our work with establishes an EEP programme for the green toad, together with wolverines. Today, Nordens Ark has the University of Gothenburg, seven EEP species. The yellow-headed day gecko is native intensifies. to the rainforests of Madagascar. •• Quadruplets for snow leopards It has its own European studbook (ESB), co-ordinated from Bristol Zoo. — again! picture kristofer försäter 5 White-backed woodpecker 1996 Leif Blomqvist •• The white-backed woodpecker Breeding centre inaugurated in 1996 breeding project gets off the A breeding centre for the white-backed 1. ground at Nordens Ark. woodpecker was built at Nordens Ark in •• Bingolotto Återvinsten gives the mid-1990s. The facility began work Nordens Ark three million kronor. in 1996 and has since been extended with •• Nordens Ark Foundation purchases new enclosures, several of them located in Åby manor from Gothenburg and the public area of the park. Bohus County Agricultural Society, Due to the small number of these birds gaining access to 383 hectares of in Sweden, it was decided to establish land. a breeding population with wild-born •• Collaboration with Gothenburg chicks taken from nests in Norway and and Bohus county administrative Lithuania, where the white-backed board begins. In the spring, a flock of Gotland ewes is taken to Lindö woodpecker is more common than in nature reserve to graze during the Sweden. The first youngsters arrived summer. from Norway during 1995 and 1996. To date, more than a hundred white-backed 1997 woodpecker chicks have come to Nordens •• Restockings of lesser white- Ark, where they are hand-fed until fronted geese born at Nordens Ark, fledged. Some of them have remained under the auspices of the Swedish at Nordens Ark as breeding birds, while Association for Hunting and others have been released in suitable Wildlife Management. locations in Värmland and in the Nedre •• Comprehensive Dalälven area. 2. restockings of It was eight years before the first green toads. successful hatching took place at Nordens Ark. The number has increased slowly •• Sweden’s first since then. Of 87 chicks born at Nordens denomination- Ark, 82 per cent have been released to free postage support the small population that remains stamps are in Sweden. As every individual released launched with animal motifs from Nordens Ark. from Nordens Ark was ring-marked, we know that some of them have bred in the •• Vattenfall donates an electric vehicle, and Saab provides an wild. estate car. Action plan for the white-backed 1998 woodpecker To stop the white-backed woodpecker •• First offspring for European Mating of captive white-backed wildcats and wolverines. Maned disappearing completely from Sweden’s fauna, the Swedish Society for Nature woodpeckers. The male has a red crown, wolves, otters and red pandas also the female’s is black. (1) Both parents give birth. Conservation (SSNC) established an participate in rearing the young. The •• 1,000 green toads and garlic toads Action plan for the species in 2005. The average number of chicks in the 35 reintroduced into the wild. plan includes proposals for the restoration broods born at Nordens Ark is 2.4, the of forest environments by increasing the same as for wild-born birds in Norway. (2) •• First summer camp for children. pictures tom svensson proportion of deciduous trees, and also •• Construction of the Farm begins. Swedish Road Administration for creating new forest environments builds a roundabout and a rich in deciduous trees where the pedestrian tunnel under the main woodpeckers can thrive. The programme road outside the park. is not only an Action plan for the white- •• Crafts exhibition in the granary backed woodpecker, but also a means next to the manor house. to protect a host of other threatened •• Change of name to Nordens Ark species with similar distributions and Foundation. habitat demands. It is thought that more than 200 other red-listed species

6 opö¨åp

White-backed woodpecker, 1996–2013 15 Number of births Number released 10

5

0 1996 -98 -99 -02 -04 -06 -08 -10 -12 -13

Hand-feeding woodpecker chicks is a demanding business. The young birds are fed every two hours from 7am until 8pm. picture tom svensson

are also benefitting from the plan. The programme also includes a proposal for the rearing of woodpecker chicks in captivity, followed by restockings. Nordens Ark currently has responsibility for captive breeding and rearing.

The cause of decline: an acute biotope shortage The white-backed woodpecker was once found in large areas of Sweden. The population has been decimated, with just a few individuals remaining, and the species is red-listed as Critically Endangered in the Swedish fauna. The white-backed woodpecker lives in large, interconnected forests where there are plenty of old and dead trees. In the past century, the species has suffered a dramatic decline as a result of a systematic depletion of Sweden’s forests, where broad-leafed and mixed woodland has all but disappeared. The SSNC has consequently declared almost all of Sweden a desert for the white-backed woodpecker. In Finland, where the species has increased in number in recent years, the proportion of deciduous forests and White-backed woodpeckers prefer old, dead wood is almost twice as great as in mixed forests with a large amount of the birds’ Swedish heartland. dead and dying broad-leafed trees. picture kristoffer stighäll

7 The Farm 1999 Mats Niklasson

The inauguration of the Farm took place in a downpour. Inauguration of the Farm breeds or groups of breeds. This may help Tenth anniversary – inauguration of The opening of the Farm in 1999 was to explain why far less research is carried the Farm. an important milestone in the Nordens out into native-breed conservation than picture Ark story. Designed by architect Tomas into preserving wild animals. Rossing with a bold, Norse-inspired william theme, it has become a landmark on one Natural selection has changed of the region’s main roads. The Farm also A major difference from wild animals harding represented a very visible expansion of is that selection pressures – the various our activities away from the original park. natural and human-driven processes that Now Nordens Ark had two distinct parts once influenced the diversification of – the Wild section and the Farm. native breeds – have all but disappeared. The essential idea behind the Farm Attributes that at one time were was and is to preserve and showcase presumably decisive, such as mobility, endangered Nordic breeds. Conservation temperament and the ability to survive of native breeds is both like and unlike harsh conditions, are now of little conservation work with wild animal significance or are totally irrelevant. These species. First and foremost it is the days, starvation and enduring severe •• Three otter litters – a record! breeds you are trying to preserve, not weather are not challenges an animal is •• 690 green toads released in Skåne the original species itself. In many cases required to face. Instead, much of today’s in collaboration with the county the number of founders is very low, as breeding efforts focus on superficial administrative board. they often come from a single remaining characteristics such as colour, body shape •• Seven European wildcats born at group of a handful of individuals. Native and horns or antlers. Exactly what impact Nordens Ark are released into the breeds can be red-listed in the same way this will have on the offspring of today’s wild in southern Germany. as other animals, and many are critically native breeds remains to be seen. •• Four lynxes are sent to Kampinoski endangered. Sadly, a lot of native breeds Furthermore, inbreeding can be a National Park in Poland to be died out long before efforts to save them significant problem with native breeds. In released. began 50 to 100 years ago. the case of the cow, many were perhaps •• Three red panda cubs. good survivors but bad milk producers •• Nordens Ark’s patron, Crown Importance of voluntary and thus suffered badly as agriculture Princess Victoria, inaugurates the organisations changed dramatically in the 1900s, when Farm with 2,000 square metres of Practical conservation work with native meagre pastureland was no longer needed new and long-awaited stalls for breeds differs from much of that with and feed production began on farmland. native breeds. wild and endangered animals in that it More productive special breeds quickly still relies heavily on volunteers, in the took over and pushed out the native form of interest groups for particular breeds.

8 Swedish mountain cattle — an endangered native breed — chew the cud in the meadow in front of the new Farm. The Farm was designed by architect Tomas Rossing, and the building is a landmark on one of the most important traffic routes in Sotenäs municipality. (1) A rooster of the endangered native breed Orust hen, which has adapted itself over time to island life in the Orust and Tjörn archipelago. (2) The Farm fulfils many important functions, not least our Djur och Skur pre-school. (3) 1. pictures tom svensson

2. 3. The Farm and Ecopark working together Animals from the Farm keep the land open in the Ecopark, where we’re striving to recreate the kind of landscape, characterised by grazing cattle, sheep, goats and horses, that existed here two centuries ago. The Farm is trying to increase the number of its old-breed native cattle so that they can help to keep these lands open.

Knowledge transfer attempts with aurochs and the forest- CONGRATULATIONS! Over the years, Nordens Ark’s work with dwelling Eurasian wild horse, also known native breeds has been more a matter as the tarpan. During twenty-five years Nordens of sharing information and skills than As well as its function in showing off Ark has become an international an active, driving force in genetically native breeds, the Farm importantly also demonstration of how people can “nourish and reconnect with the fast based conservation efforts. It is not easy allows visitors – in contrast to the wild dwindling seeds of nature, a unique to keep a lot of breeds while conducting part of the zoo – direct contact with sanctuary. It both saves and targeted breeding with each of them sheep, geese and rabbits. Many families reestablishes threatened species using simultaneously. But Nordens Ark’s with children return faithfully year after a powerful blend of science and passion educational role when it comes to native year to visit the Farm. and shapes aspirations of visitors and breeds and our cultural heritage cannot be scientists alike, compellingly. underestimated. Preserving gene strains Who is Nordens Ark for? It is for all can turn out to be more important than who care about tomorrow.” it at first seems. Old native breeds have WILLIAM CONWAY been used as a basis for crossbreeding Former President and General Director of the Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, USA.

9 picture : peter

lindberg Peregrine falcon 2000 Leif Blomqvist •• Project Peregrine Falcon begins at Project takes flight! Now there are viable populations Nordens Ark. Since 2000 Nordens Ark has been a Thanks to the successful support releases, •• A snow leopard born at Nordens breeding centre for peregrine falcons, the peregrine falcon has been saved in Ark is filmed for TV being moved to with enclosures for breeding pairs, an Sweden and viable populations are to Darjeeling Zoo in India. incubation room, laboratory and kitchen. be found in both the north and south- •• Photovoltaic cell and solar To maximise the number of hatchings west. In recent years the releases have panel mounted on the Farm for every year, eggs are collected from both been concentrated mainly in the central experimental purposes. wild falcon nests and from the breeding parts of the country in order to speed up •• The final lesser white-fronted birds in our facility. The eggs are then the bonding of the two geographically geese in this series (a total of hatched artificially and the youngsters separated populations. 44 to date) are passed on to the hand-fed. Using this method, the falcons Some of the youngsters were adopted Swedish Association for Hunting can produce up to three clutches a year. by wild falcon pairs, but most were and Wildlife Management for release into the wild. The breeding project to save the placed out with the aid of ‘hacking’. This peregrine falcon, a species that was dying involves placing them in a nesting box on •• 200 fire-bellied toads reintroduced to the wild. out because of environmental toxins, a cliff face about a week before they are began back in the 1970s. The breeding ready to fly. •• Nordens Ark’s zoologist publishes EEP Felid Regional Collection Plan work of Project Peregrine Falcon proved & Veterinarian Guidelines. decisive in saving the species in Sweden. In conjunction with Swedish, Norwegian, Peregrine falcon, 2000–2013 utsatta Finnish and British conservation agencies, Number of births 2001 a breeding population was established Number released 25 •• The first two peregrine falcons outside Tullare Hög in Kungälv with the klackta born at Nordens Ark are released in aim of recreating a wild population of Dalarna. breeding pairs in south-west Sweden. 20 •• Three wolverine kits born. First Breeding over several years, producing pups born to wild-caught Arctic a large number of young birds for release, foxes. was required in order to attain this 15 •• Feasibility study begins into the goal. Project Peregrine Falcon has been possibility of becoming a field and Sweden’s most successful ex situ project, research station for the university with 279 falcons born at Tullare Hög 10 and college. released into the wild in Sweden between 1982 and 1997. 5 2002 The young chicks are hand-fed for •• Two otter pups released in Holland. about three weeks. At this age, the youngsters imprint themselves on their 0 •• First white-backed woodpecker parents, so they are placed with wild -00 -02 -04 -06 -08 -10 -12 breeding. females, and with females in the breeding •• Construction of hotel starts. centre that have been lying on ‘dummy •• Two seminars organised to consider eggs’ made of porcelain. When the three- 1.1.. Nordens Ark’s role as a field and week-old birds demand food, the females research station. immediately feed their foster chicks. At the breeding centre, the foster parents feed the young until they are 38 Local craftsmen days old. Then the chicks are taken to find fresh target groups at hacking cages placed in a suitable falcon Nordens Ark. site in the wild. To minimise contact with humans, the birds are fed through plastic tubes for a further week until they are fledged. The cages are then opened, and after a few more days of feeding, the young falcons are already catching their own prey.

10 CONGRATULATIONS! The goals of Nordens Ark are similar to those of most modern zoos, but the intense focus “on conservation practice, and the remarkable funding model used to support it, are unique in the zoological pantheon in Europe. By sharing good practice and interacting with colleagues from across the world the Ark has ensured its place in the history of conservation of the last 25 years and we very much look forward to its contribution during the next 25.”

SIMON TONGE Chair for EAZA Council

172 released peregrine falcons!

2. 3. At the age of five weeks, the young falcons are transferred to hacking cages in the wild. Project leader Christer Larsson inspects one of the cages. Peregrine falcon chicks born after 32 days’ incubation. (1) To start with, they are hand-fed (2) before being placed with a foster mother. Susanne Geisen and Karin Larsson ring-mark the young falcons before they are put out in hacking cages. (3) pictures christer larsson

11 Greater … 2003 Claes Andrén •• Nordens Ark participates in Nordens Ark as a research station nine different reintroduction Nordens Ark has a professorship in programmes. conservation biology. The professor leads •• Fifth wolverine litter. and is responsible for Nordens Ark’s •• Animal Collection Plan tightened conservation projects and other scientific up to concentrate more on species activities. The role includes running an whose survival Nordens Ark can annual research college on the theme best help to secure. Some species of conservation biology, with Nordens were discontinued during the year. Ark selecting a current and suitable subject. Thanks to generous grants from Sparbanksstiftelsen Väst, FORMAS and the Erna and Victor Hasselblad Foundation, via this professorship Nordens Ark has been able to strengthen its scientific expertise as well as adapt the facility for technical research. The research college has been running since 2003 in association with the University of Gothenburg.

Research college launches in 2003 The research college is sometimes run together with other organisations or agencies, such as the Swedish Species Information Centre, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, county administrative boards and various universities. In principle, between ten and 15 postgraduates or Masters students are informally invited to attend, and the leading experts and researchers in the field give lectures and lead workshops. The researchers and students spend a week socialising, and it’s not uncommon for One of the traditions at Nordens the students to be planning their future Ark Is that opening ceremonies careers in evenings together with the always take place in the park. experts. Evaluations of the courses have Deputy County Governor Göran Bengtsson is pictured speaking shown that for many of the students, at the opening of Hotel Stallet. the Nordens Ark research college proved Regional Councillor Roland to be one of the best aspects of their Andersson and Governor Göte Bernhardsson are seen leading training. The aim has also been to bull calf Mats, who opened the combine theoretical and practical nature gates by eating a rope made of conservation and species preservation. straw. This is why we have had a mixture pictures brita larsson of teachers with traditional academic backgrounds and people with genuine practical knowledge and experience.

Focusing on diversity For more than ten years, many different fields of research have been touched on. The first few years focused on conservation genetics, particularly the significance of genetic variation and the 12 … educational opportunities

problems arising from small populations. SINGING TOADS WIN AWARD Among the lecturers was Chris West, Sound technician Maria Andrén from London Zoo, and Kristin Leus, records an ‘evening concert’ of the from CBSG Europe, who talked about fire-bellied toad in Skåne and later ways that the zoo community can help uploads the sound files to the internet. The public can then listen with genetically sound populations for to them, compare the sounds reintroduction into the wild. Then came with similar ‘concerts’ in other a series of research colleges looking at countries and vote for the best reproduction biology as it relates to choir in the frog world’s European Song Contest. The venture, which conservation issues. Among the most attracted a lot of international prominent speakers was Peter Sharp, who media interest, was intended to spoke about researchers’ big success story draw attention to an important of the 1990s – Dolly the Sheep, the first conservation project and was named the EU’s best public activity that year. pictures claes andrén

successful attempt to clone a mammal. In 2007, the themes were the importance of biodiversity, extinction from a historical perspective, and evolution of the cultural landscape.

Amphibian crisis The IUCN and other organisations have encouraged the zoo community to take a greater responsibility in dealing with the global amphibian crisis. Nordens Ark therefore arranged several research colleges on this subject, among them a Population and Habitat Viability Analysis (PHVA), led by Bengt Holst from Copenhagen Zoo, to look at the prospects for the green toad and the conservation measures being taken for the species. Veterinarians Erik Ågren and Bo Runsten have led discussions on disease control and the veterinary aspects of the diseases threatening amphibians’ survival, such as the feared fungal disease Chytrid fungus. Subsequent research colleges considered how best to communicate to the general public the importance of preserving biodiversity and protecting endangered species. Reintroduction of threatened species was discussed together with the Swedish Species Information Centre, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and its Norwegian counterpart. The goal was to establish criteria for when it is sensible and appropriate to reinforce or reintroduce endangered species into the wild. 13 Working with universities 2003 and colleges Claes Andrén •• Start of investment in adapting the The first research school was held at park to act as a field and research Nordens Ark in 2003 as a result of a station. collaboration between universities and •• First research school. colleges in which the University of •• Support association office Gothenburg and the Swedish University relocates to the gatehouse. of Agricultural Sciences were important partners. It enabled Nordens Ark to strengthen its existing conservation and 2004 educational efforts and steer them in a •• Pudu added to the animal more professional and scientific direction. collection. Through the professorship and regular •• 19 peregrine falcons leave Nordens research colleges and other educational Ark for a life in the wild. activities, Nordens Ark was given field •• Two research schools take place, station status affiliated to the University with the focus on reproduction of Gothenburg. A study was carried out biology. by the university and the University of Agricultural Sciences in Skara, together with Nordens Ark, to see if there was potential for further university programmes in which a traditional academic approach might be combined with experience-based and practical skills from the zoo community.

Broader range of courses An important aspect was to expand the course content to ensure students left with the skills necessary to find work in The research schools offers excellent opportunities for informal discussions a broad jobs market. This resulted in a between students and techers. new course at the university, the Ranger picture stefan nilsson programme, and a more comprehensive animal husbandry course at Skara •• Five-year contract signed with focusing on ethology and animal welfare. the University of Gothenburg to When they were launched, these two collaborate over the new Ranger programme. courses were among the most sought-after in the country. •• Swedish Association of Zoos and Aquaria holds its annual meeting at The Ranger programme Marie Berglund, environmental manager for Nordens Ark. the Bothnia Line railway, inspects a shaft The Ranger programme has a solid •• Inauguration of new extension where cables beside the track join. These with lecture room, veterinary clinic grounding in conservation biology but shafts can become traps for many small animals. Nordens Ark staff came up with a and staff facilities. has been supplemented by hands-on management of zoo animals, breeding simple solution that allows frogs, snakes and other small creatures to climb out. and releasing methods, administration, picture claes andrén 2005 human resources and finance, as well as group leadership skills. In this way, •• Two wolverines captured on biologists are trained for positions reindeer grazing land brought to Nordens Ark to join EEP of responsibility within conservation programme. agencies, national parks and the education the right skills for the workplace. Parts of system. The post-secondary postgraduate •• 71st peregrine falcon born at the training for both of these courses take Nordens Ark is returned to nature course in animal welfare, ethology and place at Nordens Ark. In partnership with in Dalarna. disease control at Skara’s University of principally the University of Gothenburg •• Research school on native breeds. Agricultural Sciences has similar aims: to and Skara, practical and exam work broaden traditional university education can be done at Nordens Ark, where the so students are well prepared and have students are offered guidance. 14 CONGRATULATIONS! The World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) has a clearly articulated aspirational vision for “all zoological institutions: the ultimate reason for our existence is to allow for the full conservation potential of world zoos and aquariums to be realized. No zoo or aquarium better exemplifies the progress toward this vision than Nordens Ark, now celebrating a quarter century of successful conservation breeding, research and education action. From its start in 1989, Nordens Ark has focused on an integrated conservation strategy—linking the breeding programs and educational activities on its beautiful property with efforts to restore wild populations of many species. The institution’s priorities are well represented by the careful selection of species and programmes it engages in. Every animal living at the Ark, all of the classes and other experiences it offers to the public, and all of its many strategic partnerships with other conservation, scientific and educational organizations combine serve to strengthen the Ark’s core purpose of saving animals on the brink of extinction. The work of Nordens Ark is deeply respected and admired by zoological and conservation professionals across the globe. The leadership of CEO Lena M. Linden in the international community— today as a Member of WAZA Council but in many other past and current roles as well—has enhanced the impeccable reputation of Nordens Ark, which is consistently cited as exemplifying the very best practices in the global zoo- based conservation movement. As the current President of WAZA, I salute Lena, her team and the gener- ous and enlightened community that supports the vital work of Nordens Ark. The past twenty-five years of Jimmy Helgesson from Nordens Ark and an remarkable achievements has been very animal care intern collect great capricorn Research training impressive, and beetles that have just arrived from Poland. Postgraduates can also undertake some The beetles are part of a conservation has set the stage of their studies at Nordens Ark. Working project backed by Kalmar county for even greater with the university, this enables them administrative board. conservation picture claes andrén successes in the to develop new skills in matters relating future.” to animal behaviour and welfare, breeding, releases and other fields of Nordens Ark’s LEE C. EHMKE conservation biology. With its particular Director, CEO. expertise, Nordens Ark is also a resource programmes in 2013 Minnesota Zoological Garden for different agencies when it comes • Pre-school President, World Association of Zoos to adapting infrastructure projects to • Comprehensive school and Aquariums • Upper secondary school avoid harming threatened species. An • College intervention on behalf of sand lizards • Graduate courses during extension work on the E6 outside Strömstad meant that a population could be moved to a new site. 15 Lesser white-fronted 2006 geese Leif Blomqvist •• Amur tiger enclosure opens and a Project: Halt the decline! Pure-bred rearing male tiger arrives from England. The Swedish Lesser White-Fronted Goose The releases came to a halt at the turn •• Collaboration with the Swedish Project was launched in the 1970s by the of the century when it was discovered University of Agricultural Swedish Association for Hunting and that some of the LWfG involved in the Sciences, relating to the Candidate Wildlife Management, the WWF and breeding had traces of greater white- Programme for Ethology and the Swedish Environmental Protection fronted goose in their genes and were Animal Welfare launched by Agency. Its aim was to stop the rapid therefore not pure-breeds. All the LWfG Nordens Ark, is extended. decline of the lesser white-fronted goose kept for breeding were examined, •• Snow leopards receive new (LWfG) through breeding and releases and birds with a influence of greater breeding male from Krakow, and a maned wolf female arrives from of captive-born goslings. Between 1981 white-fronted goose in their genetic Plock Zoo in Poland. and 1999, 348 LWfG hatched at Öster make-up were taken out of the breeding Malma and Nordens Ark were released in programme. Following the positive •• New professorship created. Swedish Lapland. To avoid the risk from experiences with restocking attempts, hunters in the over-wintering areas in it was, however, decided to continue Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Iran, barnacle the breeding, but now with pure-bred geese were used as foster parents. The birds from the Russian tundra. So as not young LWfG migrated with their foster to over-stress the Russian population, parents to the barnacle geese’s wintering not more than two goslings were taken places in the Netherlands, where there is from each wild brood. The birds were no danger from hunters. The releases bore transferred from the capture sites on the fruit, and at the end of the 1980s it was tundra to Moscow Zoo, where they were estimated that the Swedish population quarantined and examined by a vet. From of LWfG numbered more than 100. Moscow, the birds were transported to the Sweden’s was the only wild population of newly built breeding facility at Nordens the species to increase. Ark.

Claes Andrén — Nordens Ark’s first professor. picture hans berggren Lesser white-fronted geese are Scandinavia’s most endangered bird species. There are many reasons for their decline, but hunting in 2007 the over-wintering areas and •• Confiscated wild Amur tiger female along the migration route are arrives in December from Russia. probably the greatest threat •• International zoo organisations to the species. Drainage and other damage to the ISIS and CBSG hold their mid-year wetlands on the migration meetings at Nordens Ark. routes also contributed •• International green toad PHVA to the species’ marked workshop hosted by Nordens Ark. downturn. picture tom svensson •• International research college on amphibians.

A Briefing book — a compilation of all the information needed to save the green toad — is produced in connection with an international workshop entitled Population and Habitat Viability Analysis.

16 Lesser white-fronted geese chicks from Nordens Ark are transported to release areas in the Arjeplog mountains by helicopter. Animal keeper Linda Svensson from Nordens Ark helps unload the geese from the helicopter. picture john söderlindh

For the 20th anniversary, a new breeding facility was opened for lesser white-fronted geese, funded by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The building has heated indoor spaces with pools, outdoor enclosures, storerooms and a kitchen. picture leif blomqvist

Nordens Ark’s breeding facility The first LWfG from Russia arrived in 2006. Several more batches arrived before utsatta the last birds arrived at Nordens Ark in 2013. In order to ensure a sufficiently 50 Restockings continue klackta broad genetic base for the breeding Lesser white-fronted The first restocking attempts took place goose 2008−2013 population, almost 60 LWfG have been in 2010, and the number of releases imported to Nordens Ark. The first brood Number of births 40 has risen since then as more and more Number released from the new breeding birds was born goslings are born at Nordens Ark. We at Nordens Ark in 2008. The number have avoided using barnacle geese as 30 of births has risen year by year. Some of foster parents for the releases, and instead the youngsters have been kept for future released one-year-olds together with breeding, but most have been released fledglings in the hope that they will 20 in the Arjeplog mountains and in the be accepted by wild LWfG still in the Porsanger fjord in Norway. In case of region, and accompany them to the over- an outbreak of disease wiping out the 10 wintering sites in the Netherlands. existing breeding population at Nordens Ark, a number of the breeding birds have been moved to the Swedish Association 0 -08 -09 -10 -11 -12 -13 for Hunting and Wildlife Management’s facility at Öster Malma. 17 Wetlands 2008 Claes Andrén •• The Year of the Frog. 2008 was called The Year of the Frog as a •• Inauguration of the Wetlands with contribution to a worldwide campaign a large number of new species. The launched by the International Union animal collection is boosted above for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) all by tropical species, namely and World Association of Zoos and the amphibians that were added. Crown Princess Victoria opened Aquariums (WAZA). A few years the facility, releasing two catfish earlier, several hundred of the world’s into the pond and unveiling a stone leading amphibian experts made a joint frog. assessment of the global situation for active role through breeding and releases •• Record-breaking number of new frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians. into the wild. Sometimes our involvement species. The result was disheartening: a third of consists of restoring and recreating amphibians were judged to be at risk of optimal habitats for the endangered dying out, and little was known about species. In certain cases our contribution 2009 the status of a further third. A reasonable has been more research-oriented work in •• 20th anniversary. guess was that about half of the Earth’s other countries. amphibian species were heading for •• International workshop Back Successful campaigns on home soil to Nature with Crown Princess extinction. Victoria and Jane Goodall, as well Nordens Ark has actively contributed as about two dozen participants, New viewing facility focusing on to improving the conservation status of half of them from other parts of amphibians native amphibians by extensive rearing Europe. Nordens Ark’s commitment to amphib- and releases of mainly the green toad, but •• Inauguration of Phase II, an ians has manifested itself in various also the fire-bellied toad, and by restoring enclosure with a pond and indoor ways. During The Year of the Frog, a new the natterjack toad’s habitats on the west space, at the Amur tiger facility. viewing facility was opened with a two- coast. The situation for several of the •• A new sculpture by the park storey building where frogs, toads and species that were once most endangered entrance marks a new era in salamanders – exotic as well as domestic is now markedly improved, and some Nordens Ark’s short history! species – are displayed in naturalistic species have even been removed from the •• Nordens Ark changes its logo type. terrariums. The venture included outdoor Red List. Sweden’s success in improving aviaries for Swedish species, right next the prospects of amphibians is unique in to the building. The aim is to educate the world. It is the result of a great deal of visitors about threatened species and commitment and collaboration between about what is being done to protect them. individual enthusiasts and experts, It is particularly useful to explain the organisations and authorities, with projects in which Nordens Ark plays an Nordens Ark often taking a leading role.

Participants from the workshop “Back to Nature” From left in front row: Sven Eckerstein, Lena M Lindén, Crown Princess Victoria, Jane Goodall, Chris West and Göran Bengtsson. picture stefan nilsson

Lena M Lindén receives the Ulysses S. Seal Award for innovation in conservation in 2009.

18 CONGRATULATIONS! I visit many zoos as I travel around the world. And there is no question but that Nordens Ark is one of the “very very best. If I were an animal in captivity this is definitely one of the few I would choose. Congratulations to everyone who helps to make this such a special place.”

JANE GOODALL PhD, DBE. Founder – the Jane Goodall Institute & UN Messenger of Peace. www.janegoodall.org

Measures to save exotic amphibians Nordens Ark has also been involved on an international level, partly by taking on responsibilities in the global management of conservation work, for example in the Amphibian Survival Alliance (ASA) and the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG). Our commitment has also included research into endangered native species in Turkey, such as the Holtz frog. The most recent conservation project for amphibians is field investigations and financial support for restoring vital habitats for some of the most threatened frogs in Central America, among them the lemur leaf-frog. Working principally with Manchester Museum in the UK, Nordens Ark is taking part in a research and conservation project for endangered amphibians in Panama and Costa Rica. 1.

In addition to amphibians and reptiles, you 2. can also see storks, cranes and geese in the Wetland area. The white-naped cranes hatched for the first time in 2013. (1) picture tom svensson

A male European fire-bellied toad calling to attract females. (2) European tree frog. (3) picture claes andrén

19 The mysterious snow 2010 leopard Emma Nygren, Örjan Johansson & Leif Blomqvist •• Nordens Ark joins the IUCN Nordens Ark Foundation has been The unknown ecology •• Transformation of 300 hectares of engaged in snow leopard conservation for of the snow leopard land from managed forest to high- many years. In 2010, that commitment A proper understanding of snow leopard biodiversity pasture land begins. was expanded when Nordens Ark began ecology and reliable estimates of the wild •• Foundation is granted a 90-account supporting studies of wild snow leopards population size have long been lacking. and becomes a member of the in Mongolia by helping to fund research Research into the species began in the Postcode Association, and thereby student Örjan Johansson, who works at 1980s, but it has been a slow process a beneficiary. the Swedish University of Agricultural because it turned out to be difficult to •• Releases of lesser white-fronted Sciences in Grimsö. gather data on the snow leopard. At the geese resume. start of the 2000s, we still didn’t know •• Nordens Ark’s researcher carries Nordens Ark’s snow leopards much about the biology of the species. out a ground-breaking study of Our very first pair of snow leopards Consequently, in the summer of 2008, snow leopards in the Gobi Desert. arrived in 1989, and over the years the Snow Leopard Trust and Panthera 26 cubs have been born in the park. organisations began a long-term study The youngsters – part of the European in Mongolia’s Gobi Desert. It is planned breeding programme, the EEP – have that this research will last ten to 15 been placed in various zoos around the years and collect information to help us world. Nordens Ark is responsible for the understand the snow leopard and develop species’ international studbook and also a conservation programme to secure its co-ordinates snow leopard breeding across future. Europe. Thus every snow leopard held in captivity since the end of the 1800s is Wild snow leopards in Mongolia listed in a database at Nordens Ark. The study is now into its sixth year and has produced valuable data on the biology of the snow leopard. A total of 19 individuals have been captured and fitted with radio transmitters. One male was tracked for as long as five years. The collar generated more than 27,000 GPS locations. Over 250 prey animals killed by the snow leopards have been found, and by studying them we can work out how often males, solitary females or females with cubs make a kill, which prey animals they choose and how often they take domestic livestock. Some 40 camera traps have been used every summer to see if they can help compile an inventory of individual animals. Five females fitted with collars have produced cubs, and for the first time it has also been possible to observe the youngsters. The camera traps enable the cubs to be monitored and an estimate to be made of how many survive to adulthood. The project has also collected samples from rodents and goats so that any local diseases can be studied to see if they pose a threat to the wild snow leopards.

Snow leopards playing at Nordens Ark in the winter of 2013. picture tom svensson 20 Snow Leopard Trust field station in Mongolia’s Tost RUSSIA mountains. snow leopard trust MONGOLIA KAZAKHSTAN The snow leopard’s range extends over 12 national borders.

The worldwide breeding of TAJIKISTAN captive snow leopards is CHINA managed from Nordens Ark, and the species’ international studbook is compiled by Leif Blomqvist who has maintained the International Studbook PAKISTAN since 1976.

NEPAL BHUTAN With the aid of radio transmitters and satellites, it’s possible to work out the area INDIA MYANMAR of each individual’s range, which terrain they prefer, whether there are areas they avoid, where they catch their prey and how they interact. snow leopard trust

CONGRATULATIONS! For a quarter of a century, Nordens Ark has been proving that zoos can play a key role both in conserving some of the world’s most threatened species and, perhaps more importantly, help people reconnect with nature at a time when so many of us suffer “from a ‘nature deficit disorder’. IUCN is proud to have Nordens Ark as its very active and committed Member since 2010, sharing our vision of ‘a just world that values and conserves nature’. It is therefore my great pleasure to congratulate Lena M Lindén and all staff of Nordens Ark on the 25th anniversary, and to wish you many happy returns! ” CONGRATULATIONS: JULIA MARTON-LEFÈVRE, Director General of IUCN

21 Amur tiger 2011 Emma Nygren & Bo Norming •• Nordens Ark joins the WWF in its In 2011, Nordens Ark, with support from Project Anuisky efforts to save the Amur tiger in the Swedish Postcode Lottery, launched The main threats to tigers are illegal the Russian Far East. The project is a project with the WWF to save the hunting of both the tiger and its prey funded by the Postcode Lottery. Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) in species, as well as fragmentation of •• Release of freshwater catfish in the wild. This was a continuation and its home ranges. The wild population Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere broadening of an engagement that began of Amur tigers is estimated at fewer Reserve. in the summer of 2004 with the building than 500 individuals, most living in •• Pallas cat enclosure opened. of a breeding facility to hold the species Primorsky province and about 15 per •• Scandinavian nature film festival at and participate in the global breeding cent in the northern districts to the Nordens Ark. programme. The facility was constructed north of Khabarovsk. Several protected •• First Japanese crane chicks in two stages, the first completed in 2006 areas have been created in this region hatched. and the second in 2009. It now comprises in the past decade, the largest being •• Djur och Skur pre-school opens. two large enclosures, totalling 7,000 Anuisky National Park, which covers square metres, as well as three smaller nearly 430,000 hectares. The long- ones totalling 1,000 square metres. term goal of the project is to secure a Nordens Ark’s work with the Amur sustainable development of the Amur tiger reached a milestone in 2007 when tiger population in its northernmost a wild-born confiscated female arrived range. This can be done by combating from Moscow Zoo. She is ranked No 1 in illegal hunting, expanding ecotourism in the European breeding programme and is the region and creating a sustainable use regarded as especially valuable, since she of local natural resources. was born in the wild and is not related to any other animals in the programme. Actions in the field The female was found abandoned by her The project has contributed by building mother, who had probably been shot up a more effective monitoring by poachers. A breeding male arrived at organisation in the national park. Newly Nordens Ark in 2012. Three cubs were formed teams are equipped with the born in April 2013 – a male and two necessary physical resources such as females. These youngsters will stay with boats, vehicles and snow scooters. The their mother for about 18 months, just as project also helped by building ranger they would have done in the wild. Then stations and checkpoints to make it they will be moved to other participating zoos in the programme. Nordens Ark’s management and the WWF on an inspection tour in Anuisky National Park.

22 In April 2013, Nordens Ark’s wild-born easier to monitor the park. Money has species. The project has organised a tigress gave birth to three cubs. Since she is not related to any other tigers in the zoo been invested in camera traps and yearly number of educational initiatives, among park population, she and her first litter are inventories so the tiger population can them a mobile exhibition entitled The genetically highly valuable to the breeding be recorded. Today, there are thought to Amur Tiger’s Land is our Home, an programme. be between 20 and 25 tigers in Anuisky Amur tiger parade, and an eco-friendly picture tom svensson National Park and the surrounding area. children’s club. Furthermore, a visitor In every conservation programme, it is and training centre has been built which, important to involve the local people in among other things, will address the order to increase understanding and foster issues of how the local Nanai population an engagement in protecting endangered manage their traditional natural resources.

23 The Ecopark 2011 Mats Niklasson The Ecopark started as an idea in about replaced. This land also became pasture. 2006 and began as a project in 2011. To date, about 90 hectares of forest have The project was largely inspired by the been transformed into grazing land. desire to boost the populations of some Contributions towards restoring the of the native breeds and to Improve the lands have also been received from the biological values of the lands outside Board of Agriculture. Much of the grant Nordens Ark. Could it be possible, from the region of Västra Götaland was perhaps, to recreate a large part of Åby spent on fencing and a big winter shelter manor’s cultivated land with the help of for the animals. A large feed storage the native breeds? By 2008, much of the building has also been completed with old outlying lands had been replanted finance from Västra Götaland county with highly productive dark and administrative board. A lot of effort has financially valuable plantation forest. But been put into clearing spruce branches sadly not so great for biodiversity! With left behind by the felling. The Swedish funds from Region Västra Götaland, one Forest Agency has contributed with of the biggest restoration projects in the workers participating in programmes to area got off the ground in the winter help the jobless. Most of the pastureland of 2011 as a natural extension of the is in the western part of our lands, but a Nordens Ark project. A thorough survey significant restoration effort is also being had been carried out in 2008 by Mats undertaken in the meadows along the Niklasson, and in 2010 the plan was Åby fjord and the nearby stream valley. approved by the Board. An application was submitted to Region Västra Götaland Restoration of meadow flora and approved, and the project began with A special effort is being been made for the felling of several tens of hectares of the meadow flora. Scything has started spruce in the winters of 2011 and 2012. on small remnants of meadows and Preserving biodiversity was an important patches where there are meadow plants. objective of the project, as well as One of the meadows has been adopted recreating the ancient landscape. by upper secondary school students from Uddevalla, who come every year More pastureland to mow and help with the restoration The 2007 storm Per had previously work. Generally, Åby’s meadow flora blown down large swathes of spruce has been much depleted thanks to weed 1. plantations which had not yet been overgrowth and earlier fertiliser use. An

Ann-Sofie Helgesson and Anna Schylberg 2. try out a newly laid path in the Ecopark. (1)

Not much is known about moth fauna on the west coast. Nordens Ark is trying to change this with an inventory project. Here, Hans Pettersson, Sverker Thoresson and Mats Niklasson sift through material from the first night butterfly traps set out in the Ecopark in 2013. (2) picture lisa sihlberg

24 The six-spot Burnet moth Zygaena filipend ulae is one of the Ecopark’s rarities. It’s red- listed (NT) and numbers have fallen sharply over the whole of southern Sweden, where the moth depends on leguminous plants in dry meadowlands. These habitats have been replanted or become overgrown in the past 70 years. We are now restoring several sites by mowing, clearing and burning to improve prospects for this moth and its close relatives, the New Forest Burnet and the Green Forester. If the restoration goes well, perhaps we can reintroduce the narrow- bordered five-spot Burnet, which was once to be found in the region but has died out. Burnet moths have attracted particular attention thanks to the Swedish Species Information Centre’s monitoring activities. picture sverker thoresson inventory identified small remnants of meadowland, and restoration work began. Many species of butterflies, bees, other insects and small birds have suffered from the loss of wildflower meadows, so the restoration project is vital for diversity. Nordens Ark has also started cultivating the meadow plants that were found on its own lands. Tree-pollarding is under way in many places, as well as planting of leaf fodder so stubble shoots can be harvested (planted in 2011, first harvest 2014) for many of the animals at Nordens Ark.

Nature conservation on many levels Several other pure nature conservation projects have been carried out: fauna depots; creation of dead wood by, for example, girdling , veteranisation of young oaks to create hollow trees for the future; conservation burning; ‘bee hotels’; and more. Considerable effort is being put into making it easier for visitors to move around the Ecopark, with gates and stiles, paths, bridges and footbridges, information boards and wheelchair access. Much of this is being undertaken in conjunction with Sotenäs municipality and archaeological conservation work in Västra Götaland county + LEADER. Finally, the biological results are evaluated by collecting insects, butterflies and moths. Even vascular plants are catalogued, as well as birds and some cryptogams.

Conservation burnings took place twice in the summer of 2013 in forest and heathland within two of the pasture areas. Strict precautions were taken, with firebreaks and firefighting equipment on hand. picture lisa sihlberg 25 Greater capricorn beetle 2012 Emma Nygren & Claes Andrén •• Claudio Segré visits Nordens Ark Invertebrates play a key role in the Beetle breeding and the Segré Foundation becomes ecosystem’s various nutrient stages At Nordens Ark we’re developing a a financial supporter. by, among other things, pollinating breeding and rearing system so we can •• Capricorn beetle project launched. plants and breaking down organic release great capricorn beetles into the •• Great capricorn beetle project matter. Nordens Ark has consequently wild in Sweden if this becomes necessary. launched. committed itself to preserving them. The Following an agreement with Polish •• Opening of European ground great capricorn beetle, Cerambyx cerdo, conservation agencies, the project is squirrel enclosure. is critically endangered in Sweden and is permitted to collect 15 pairs of great now found in only a few oaks on Öland. capricorn beetles a year in Poland from In 2012, Nordens Ark was commissioned 2012 to 2014. At the end of May, when by Kalmar county administrative board the longhorns beetles hatch, Nordens to develop a method of rearing great Ark staff collect the beetles in Poland for capricorn beetles. This beetle is Sweden’s transport to our laboratory. We place a largest longhorn beetle and with a body male with a female in terrariums that length of up to five cm. The beetle lives include fragments of oak trunks to give on old, coarse-bark oaks exposed to the insects a natural breeding site. The sunlight, and it’s likely that the scarcity of adults mate and lay eggs over a couple of these habitats is what led to the dramatic weeks, and the oak pieces are examined decline of the species. regular- ly to make sure we find as many eggs as possible. They are small but easy to identify. The eggs hatch after a few days Maned wolf cub. and the larvae are fed. They are given an picture tom svensson individual ID number so we can follow their development to adulthood. In nature, the beetles have a long larval development that can last five years. By providing the right conditions, we hope to be able to reduce the development time and produce a large number of young beetles in just a few years. As part of the project, different feeds are being tried to see which gives the best growth rate. Some of the larvae are also put into hibernation to imitate the species’ natural life cycle.

After the adult beetles have mated, they lay their eggs in the crevices of oak bark. Here, keepers Emma Nygren and Kristofer Försäter look for newly laid eggs so they can be put in Petri dishes for hatching. The larvae are then reared on a mixture of oak chips and shredded carrot. picture jimmy helgesson 26 1.

2.

3.

The adult individuals hatch at the end of May, mate (1) and lay their eggs in the oak bark. After mating, the females lay their eggs in the bark. (2) Every larva is ID-tagged and is fed until it pupates. (3) The great capricorn beetle larvae live a secretive life for three to five years in old, sun-exposed oaks. It’s probable that the lack of old oaks is what led to the great capricorn beetle’s decline. pictures jimmy helgesson

Old oak trees represent a rich source of biodiversity. An oak will continue growing for about 300 years before starting to wither and lose some of its branches. This happens very slowly, and usually it’s a further 500 years before the tree is totally dead. During this time, it acts as a refuge for numerous animals that reproduce in the shelter of the dying tree. Old oak trees can thus be home to up to 200 red-listed species. pictures claes andrén

27 The year that’s gone 2013 – a review Leif Blomqvist •• Three Amur tiger cubs born in April. Births There were a number of signific- Tiger cubs and •• Three snow leopard cubs born at ant births during 2013. Among the lesser white-fronted geese the end of May. Ecopark animal co-ordinated ESB, EEP and ISB species, From the public’s point of view, it was shelter opens and a large number increases were recorded for forest reindeer the birth of three tiger cubs (Panthera of cattle are let out on to the forest (Rangifer tarandus fennicus), pudu (Pudu tigris altaica) that attracted most media pasture in the fenced sections of puda), Tadjik markhor (Capra falconeri attention. The births were an important the Ecopark. Photographers’ hide, heptneri Gulo g. gulo event, not just for visitors but also for the hiking paths, viewing point with ), wolverine ( ), snow disabled access at Varpet. leopard (Uncia uncia) and red panda entire breeding programme. Our tiger (Ailurus f. fulgens). Despite intensive female is ranked No 1 in the breeding •• New signage in the park. prophylactic measures, sadly, none of the programme, since she was born in the three Pallas cat kittens (Felis f. manul) wild and is not related to any other born in the early summer survived, falling individuals in the programme. Her cubs victim to toxoplasmosis at three months should therefore be easy to place, and in old. Happier news was the first breeding fact two have already been reserved for of white-naped cranes (Grus vipio). To other participating zoos, even before their everyone’s surprise, two chicks were first birthdays. hatched. The species has been kept at the Among other notable births, the park since 1993, but it took 20 years for lesser white-fronted geese (Anser the first successful breeding. Another erythropus) produced more goslings than species that hadn’t reproduced before was ever before, and the peregrine falcons the European ground squirrel (Spermo- (Falco p. peregrinus) and white-backed philus citellus), which came to Nordens woodpeckers (Dendrocopus leucotos) each •• Nature film festival in association Ark the previous year from Nuremberg. had 16 offspring. In the Wetlands, the with the municipality. The winter hibernation is always a critical white stork pair (Ciconia ciconia) had •• Preparations for the 25th period for animals, particularly for the four chicks. Most of these young birds anniversary celebrations in the ground squirrels, which had arrived in were taken to be released in the national park: grounds around the Farm are late summer and needed to find some- support project Nordens Ark is involved improved, start of construction to where to hibernate in a new environment. in. link the snow leopard and Pallas Fortunately, all of them coped with their cat walkways. Persian leopard first winter in Bohuslän, and by June we Acquisitions and divestments enclosure planning begins. discovered that the colony already had a It is with pleasure that we can say that handful of new members. the number of animals departing far picture

tom

svensson

Large enclosures allow the animals to display their natural behaviour. 28 European roller birds (Coracias garrulus). Both species were once sporadic breeding birds in Sweden, with the last roller birth recorded in Fårö at the end of the 1960s. Hoopoes bred on Öland as recently as the late 1990s. In this century, neither species has bred in Sweden and both are consequently red-listed as Regionally Extinct (RE) in the Swedish fauna. The two species are also showing a decline globally, with the roller in particular disappearing so fast throughout its northernmost range that it may be upgraded to Vulnerable (VU). In spite of their spectacular appearance, the roller and hoopoe are seldom kept in zoos, and you can’t see them in any other zoo in Scandinavia. The species’ declining numbers, combined with the The ground squirrel, which is related to the fact that both once bred in Sweden, squirrel, is endemic to Europe. In recent yellow-headed day geckos (Phelsuma make them well suited to Nordens Ark’s decades its numbers have declined markedly, klemmeri) went to Bristol; five maned collection. The hoopoe is a species that due mainly to open grasslands being has a European studbook (ESB). We are converted to arable land or forestry. wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus), on the picture christer larsson advice of the co-ordinator, were moved planning to keep the rollers and hoopoes to zoos in Australia, France and England; together with our northern bald ibises to two otters (Lutra l. lutra) were transferred enhance our visitors’ experience. exceeded the number arriving at the park. to Hunawihr and Straubing; a wolverine The most important arrivals included to Minnesota; two forest reindeer females References a new red panda male from Opel Zoo to Liberec; a young red panda female Blomqvist, L. & M. Hallenberg (2013): in Germany and two female Standing’s to Borås; and a Przewalski’s horse colt Animal Collection Changes. Nordens Ark Annual Report 2012: 6–18. Nordens Ark Equus caballus przewalskii day geckos (Phelsuma standingi) from ( ) was sent to Foundation. Sprakel semi-reserve in Germany. Warsaw. Twenty-five new great capricorn Cook, J. & T. Arzhanova (2013): Amur tiger beetles (Cerambyx cerdo) were brought (Panthera tigris altaica). EEP Status and from Poland for the breeding project European roller and hoopoe Recommendations 2013. Zool. Soc. of that began the year before (Blomqvist & are new species London. Hallenberg 2013) as part of the national Two new species arrived at the park at Hedin, J. (2009): Action Plan for the Great action programme for the species (Hedin year’s end when Frankfurt provided us Capricorn Beetle 2010–2014 (Cerambyx 2009). with a pair of hoopoes (Upupa epops) and cerdo). Swedish Environmental Protection In accordance with a recommendation Agency Report 6316 (Swedish). from the Swedish Association of Zoos and Aquaria, a new Russian-born male wolf (Canis l. lupus) was brought in from Skåne Zoo. In the coming year, he will be paired with a new female from Lycksele and establish a new wolf strain at Nordens Ark.

Reptiles and amphibians successfully exported Numerically, it was reptiles and amphibians that dominated the year’s exports, with 89 individuals of Kaiser’s spotted newt (Neurergus kaiseri), Malayan With its distinctive look, the hoopoe is horned frog (Megophrys nasuta), pool frog hard to confuse with (Rana lessonae) and sand lizard (Lacerta other birds. During agilis) the year, a pair arrived sent to zoos in Newquay, Wroclaw, from Frankfurt am Main Zoo. Universeum (Gothenburg) and Skåne. picture christer larsson Among co-ordinated species, three

29 Nordens Ark Animal 2013 Inventory

Threat Degree of Status Born Arrived Died Discontinued Status Globally Sweden co-ordination Jan 1, 2013 Dec 31, 2013 Insects Longhorn beetle Plagionotus detritus - EN 0.0.10 - - - - 0.0.10 Great capricorn beetle Cerambyx cerdo VU CR 15.15 0.0.476 16.9 31.24 - 0.0.476 Fish European catfish Silurus glanis LC EN 2.5.1 - - 1.1.1 - 1.4 Amphibians Kaiser’s spotted newt Neurergus kaiseri CR 0.0.33 0.0.18 - 0.0.4 0.0.30 11.4.17 Smooth newt Triturus vulgaris LC - 0.0.10 - - 0.0.10 - - Northern crested newt Triturus cristatus LC - 0.0.10 0.0.2 - - - 0.0.12 Common toad Bufo bufo LC - 0.0.10 - - 0.0.10 - - Natterjack toad Bufo calamita LC VU 0.0.28 - - 0.0.2 - 0.0.26 Cane toad Bufo marinus - 0.0.3 - - - - 0.0.3 Green toad Bufo viridis LC CR 1.1.407 - - 1.1.127 0.0.230 0.0.51 Green and black poison frog Dendrobates auratus LC 0.0.2 - - 0.0.2 - - Yellow-headed poison frog Dendrobates leucomelas LC 0.0.15 - - - - 0.0.15 Golden poison frog Phyllobates terribilis EN 1.1.24 - - 0.0.9 - 1.1.15 Golfodulcean poison frog Phyllobates vittatus EN 1.1.13 0.0.5 - 0.0.5 - 1.1.13 Fire-bellied toad Bombina bombina LC - 0.0.3 - - - - 0.0.3 European tree frog Hyla arborea LC - 0.0.6 - - 0.0.1 - 4.1 Amazon milk frog Trachycephalus resinifictrix LC 3.5.8 - - 0.1 - 9.6 White’s tree frog Pelodryas caerulea - 0.0.9 - - - - 0.0.9 Giant ditch frog Leptodactylus fallax CR ESB 1.3 - - - - 1.3 Golden mantella frog Mantella aurantiaca CR 1.1.6 - - 0.0.1 - 1.1.5 False tomato frog Dyscophus guineti LC 0.0.20 - - 0.1 - 6.0.13 Long-nosed horned frog Megophrys nasuta LC 3.1.128 - - 1.0.6 0.0.60 2.0.78 Garlic toad Pelobates fuscus LC NT 0.0.53 - - 0.0.16 - 0.0.37 Carvalho’s Surinam toad Pipa carvalhoi LC 0.0.4 - - 0.0.2 0.0.1 - Moor frog Rana arvalis LC - 0.0.10 - - 0.0.10 - - Agile frog Rana dalmatina LC VU 0.0.10 - - 0.0.4 - 0.0.6 Edible frog Rana esculenta LC - 1.1.17 - - 0.0.13 - 1.1.4 Pool frog Rana lessonae LC VU 0.0.9 0.0.67 - 0.1.4 0.0.51 4.3.39 Marsh frog Rana ridibunda LC - 1.1.32 0.08 - 0.0.11 - 19.12 Common frog Rana temporaria LC - 0.0.10 - - 0.0.10 - - Common tree frog Polypedates leucomystax LC 0.0.39 - - 2.0.3 - 14.12.10 Chantaburi warted tree frog Theloderma stellatum NT 0.0.14 - - 0.0.14 - - Vietnamese mossy frog Theloderma corticale DD 0.0.8 - - 0.0.2 - 0.0.6 Turtles European pond turtle Emys orbicularis NT 2.11 - - 1.0 - 1.11 Caspian turtle Mauremys caspica - 1.0 - - - - 1.0 Vietnamese pond turtle Mauremys annamensis CR 2.4 - - 0.1 - 2.3 Red-necked pond turtle Chinemys nigricans EN 2.3 - - - - 2.3 Roti Island snake-necked turtle Chelodina mccordi CR ESB 4.6.1 - - 1.0 - 3.6.1 Lizards Brown basilisk Basiliscus vittatus - 1.2 0.0.7 - 0.0.4 - 1.2.3 Yellow-headed day gecko Phelsuma klemmeri EN ESB 6.9.1 -. - 2.0.1 0.3 4.6 Gold dust day gecko Phelsuma l. laticauda LC 1.2 - - - 1.2 - Standing’s day gecko Phelsuma standingi VU 2.0 - 0.2 - - 2.2 Madagascar day gecko Phelsuma m. LC 1.2 - - - 1.2 - madagascariensis Crested gecko Rhacodactylus ciliatus VU 1.1 2.0 - - - 3.1 Viviparous lizard Lacerta vivipara LC - 0.0.2 - - 0.0.2 - - Sand lizard Lacerta agilis LC VU 1.1.8 0.0.15 - 0.1.8 3.2 5.3.7 Slow worm Anguis fragilis - - 0.0.7 - - 0.0.7 - - Snakes Grass snake Natrix n. gotlandica NT 3.1.2 0.0.6 0.0.11 3.0.5 0.0.1 0.1.8 Adder Vipera berus LC - 4.3.2 0.0.1 2.0 0.3.1 1.0 5.2 Birds Lesser white-fronted goose Anser erythropus VU CR 55.38.3 12.6.35 0.0.4 2.2.2 37.22.22 28.20.18 Red-breasted goose Branta ruficiollis EN 1.0 - - - - 1.0 White stork Ciconia ciconia LC RE SDF 3.3 0.0.5 - 0.0.1 0.0.4 3.3 Northern bald ibis Geronticus eremita CR EEP 7.9 - - 1.0 - 6.9 Peregrine falcon Falco p. peregrinus LC VU 9.11 7.9 - 0.1 5.7 11.12 White-naped crane Grus vipio VU EEP 1.1 2.0 - - - 3.1 Japanese crane Grus japonensis EN EEP 2.2 - - 1.1 - 1.1 Eurasian eagle-owl Bubo b. bubo LC NT 1.1 0.1 - - - 1.2 Snowy owl Bubo scandiacus LC CR 1.0 - 0.1 - - 1.1

30 Threat Degree of Status Born Arrived Died Discontinued Status Globally Sweden co-ordination Jan 1, 2013 Dec 31, 2013 Great grey owl Strix nebulosa lapponica LC NT 1.1 - - - - 1.1 Ural owl Strix u. uralensis LC - 1.1 2.1 - - - 3.2 European roller Coracias garrulus NT RE - - 1.1 - - 1.1 Hoopoe Upupa epops LC RE ESB - - 1.1 - - 1.1 White-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos LC CR 19.17 4.9.3 - 1.0 4.9.3 18.17 Mammals European ground squirrel Spermophilus citellus VU 3.1 0.0.6 - 0.0.1 - 4.2.3 Pallas cat Felis m. manul NT EEP/ISB 1.1 2.1 - 2.1 - 1.1 European wildcat Felis s. silvestris LC 4.0 - - - - 4.0 Lynx Lynx l. lynx LC NT ESB/SDF 1.1 - - - - 1.1 Amur leopard Panthera pardus orientalis CR EEP/ISB 1.2 - - 0.1 - 1.1 Amur tiger Panthera tigris altaica EN EEP/ISB 2.1 1.2 - - - 3.3 Snow leopard Uncia uncia EN EEP/ISB 1.1 2.1 - - - 3.2 Grey wolf Canis l. lupus LC EN SDF 5.1 2.1 1.0 7.2 - 1.0 Maned wolf Chrysocyon brachyurus NT EEP/ISB 3.4 - - - 2.3 1.1 Otter Lutra l. lutra NT VU EEP/ISB 3.2 - - - 2.0 1.2 Wolverine Gulo g. gulo LC VU EEP 2.2 2.1 - 1.0 0.1 3.2 Red panda Ailurus f. fulgens VU EEP/ISB 1.3 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.4 Przewalski’s wild horse Equus caballus EN EEP/ISB 1.5 - - - 1.0 0.5 przewalskii Pudu Pudu puda VU EEP/ISB 1.2 1.0 - - - 2.2 Forest reindeer Rangifer tarandus fennicus NT ESB 1.6 2.2 - - 0.2 3.6 Tadjik markhor Capra falconeri heptneri CR EEP 7.8 3.5 - 0.3 - 10.10 Urial sheep Ovis aries bochariensis VU MON 1.5 - - 0.2 - 1.3 Native breeds Nordic brown bee > 10.000 > 10.000 - > 10.000 - >10.000 Orust hen EN 3.8 12.12 -. 10.6 2.3 3.11 Swedish black hen EN 3.11 15.22 - 3.8 11.11 4.14 Old Swedish bantam CR 3.7 7.3 - 6.2 - 4.8 Öland goose CR 1.1 0.1.1 - 0.0.1 - 1.2 Swedish blue duck EN 3.6 4.5 - 1.0 2.4 4.7 Blekinge duck CR 2.4 - - - - 2.4 Gotland rabbit EN 1.7.1 - 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.5.1 Mellerud rabbit CR 3.2 - 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.3 Linderöd pig EN 4.4 4.0 6.1 1.1 1.2 Jämtland goat EN 3.6 5.0 1.0 4.1 4.0 1.5 Lapp goat EN 2.6 3.3 - 2.2 2.4 1.3 Gotland sheep - 1.7 6.6 1.0 6.3 1.0 1.10 Värmlandsfår - 22.37 33.25 2.0 35.17 12.20 10.25 Dala-fur sheep EN 8.18 11.14 - 16.25 - 3.7 Swedish red poll CR 1.3 8.3 0.12 - 1.0 8.18 Mountain cow CR 1.1 0.1 - - - 1.2 Swedish mountain cow CR 1.6 - - 1.0 - 0.6 Hereford cow - 0.10 6.2 1.0 - - 7.12 Northern Swedish horse - 0.1 - - - - 0.1 Gotland pony - 0.2 0.1 - - - 0.3 Domestic cat - 0.2 - - - - 0.2

Key: RE – Regionally Extinct CR – Critically Endangered EN – Endangered VU – Vulnerable NT – Near Threatened LC – Least Concern DD – Data Deficient

EEP – European Endangered Species Programme ESB – European Studbook ISB – International Studbook SDF – Regional Studbook for the Swedish Association of Zoos and Aquaria MON – Monitored

Born/Arrived/Died/Discontinued The figures show the number Przewalski’s wild of individuals of each sex; horses have been male . female . undetermined kept at Nordens Ark since the day the park opened to the public. picture leif blomqvist 31 Publications and staff participation

PUBLICATIONS Lindén, L. M. (2013): An U(2013): WAZA Blomqvist, L. & M. Hallenberg (2013): Comments by the Managing Director. Lena M Lindén Council Member Animal Collection Changes. Nordens Ark Nordens Ark Annual Report 2012: 5. International Studbook keeper (ISB) Annual Report 2012: 6–18. Nordens Ark Nordens Ark Foundation. Leif Blomqvist Snow leopard. Foundation. Lindén, L. M. (2013): How to Create a Blomqvist, L. (2013): Number of Wolverines Centre for Captive Breeding of CBSG in EEP approaches 100 Individuals. Endangered Species. Int. Zoo Yearb. Lena M Lindén Steering Committee Nordens Ark Annual Report 2012: 21–25. Narfström, K., B. Runsten, V. Mattesson & member; Vice-chairman, Amphibian Ark Nordens Ark . C. Larsson (2013): Successful Cataract Executive Committee. Blomqvist, L. (2013): 2012 Census for Surgery in a Peregrine Falcon. Poster at ISIS Captive Forest Reindeer. Nordens Ark EAZA Annual Conference, Edinburgh, Annual Report 2012: 26–28. Nordens Ark Scotland. Lena M Lindén Board member. Foundation. Niklasson, M. (2013): The Ecopark at Swedish Association of Zoos and Blomqvist, L. (2013): Status of the Global ex Nordens Ark. Nordens Ark Annual Report Aquaria (SAZA) 2012: 19–20. Nordens Ark Foundation. situ Population of Snow Leopards Outside Ewa Wikberg Board member. China 2012. Int. Ped. Book of Snow Niklasson, M. (2013): A Critical Look at Maria Hallenberg SAZA representative Leopards 10: 8–13. Nordens Ark Forestry and Forest Management Practices Foundation. and Ideology in Europe. In: Proc. of on the Board of Agriculture’s reference Blomqvist, L. (2013): Snow Leopard EEP Symposium: Making Europe a Wilder group for animal genetic issues. 2012. Int. Ped. Book of Snow Leopards Place. pp. 6–9. 10th World Wilderness Eva Andersson SAZA representative on 10: 24–32. Nordens Ark Foundation. Congress, Salamanca, Spain, Oct. 2013. the group for Research & Education. Blomqvist, L.& T. Where Have All the Note. Names in bold are Nordens Ark Global Conservation Network staff. Mustelids Gone? Zooaquaria 84: 28–29. Lena M Lindén Board member. Bohm, M., C. Andrén et al (2013): The Conservation Status of the World’s STAFF PARTICIPATION IN WORKING Amphibian Survival Alliance (ASA) Reptiles. Biol. Cons. 157: 372–385. GROUPS AND ON BOARDS Lena M Lindén Vice-chairman. Johansson, Ö., J. Malmsten, C. Mishra, P. EAZA Swedish Species Information Centre Lkagvajav & T. Mccarthy (2013): EEP coordinator Leif Blomqvist Reversible Immobilization of Free-Ranging Claes Andrén Amphibian and Reptile Snow Leopards (Panthera uncia) with a Snow leopard; Wolverine. Specialist Group. European Studbook co-ordinator (ESB) Combination of Medetomidine and EU LIFE Tiletamine-Zolazepam. J. of Wildl. Leif Blomqvist Forest reindeer. Claes Andrén BaltCoast; Diseases 49 (2): 338–346. Ewa Wikberg Yellow-throated marten. Bombina bombina. Larsson, C. (2013): Restocking of the Lesser Membership in EAZA’s species White-fronted Goose in Sweden. WAZA committees Leif Blomqvist Snow NAMSA News 2/13: 31–32. leopard; Amur leopard; Tiger; Red panda; Lena M Lindén Board member. Lengger, J., C. Walzer, L. Blomqvist (2013): Wolverine; Przewalski’s wild horse. University of Gothenburg pdate on Ocular Colobomata in Snow Ewa Wikberg Maned wolf; Snow leopard. Lena M Lindén Vice-chairman, Board of Leopards (Uncia uncia). Int. Ped. Book of Emma Nygren; Otter. Snow Leopards 10: 35–37. Nordens Ark Trustees, Jonsered Manor. Christer Larsson; Northern bald ibis. Foundation. Swedish University of Agricultural Membership in EAZAs Education Committee Eva Andersson (representing Sciences SAZA). Eva Andersson Programme Board; Bachelor Programme for Ethology & Membership in EAZA Taxon Advisory Animal Welfare. Groups Leif Blomqvist Felid TAG; Small Carnivore TAG; Deer TAG Christer Royal Swedish Academy of Larsson Canid TAG Agriculture and Forestry Ewa Wikberg Sheep & Goat TAG; Lena M Lindén Member. Small Carnivore TAG. August Abrahamsson Foundation (Nääs Castle) Lena M Lindén Board member. Swedish Tourist Board Nordens Ark publishes studbooks and a Lena M Lindén Board member. husbandry guide for wolverines and forest reindeer.

32 Development of Wolverine 2013 EEP Leif Blomqvist, EEP co-ordinator Correction: At the close of 2012 it transfers took place within the EEP, emerged that Moscow Zoo held 9.8 while one wolverine left the programme. wolverines instead of the 9.9 previously The wolverine pair in Edinburgh were stated, and that 1.1 remained at moved to the Highland Wildlife Park, Springe, not 1.2 as stated (Blomqvist while Helsinki and Riga lost their last wolverines. In Europe, three new parks 2013). The total number of wolverines joined the EEP: Cézallier, Hluboká and in the EEP at the end of 2012 was thus Kingussie. 48 males and 47 females instead of Since three parks lost their wolverines, 48.49 animals as given in the annual the number of parks participating in the report for 2012. EEP was 36. As well as the year’s two kits that did not survive, 7.3 adult animals Development of the population in died during 2013 and the number of 2013 wolverines in the EEP Programme With hindsight, one can say that by the therefore grew by 3.1 animals. The total end of the year there had been a positive EEP population was consequently 51.48, development in the wolverine Gulo g. with a further 5.6 wolverines that are not gulo population within the framework part of the breeding programme located of the European Endangered Species in six parks in Russia and Germany Programme (EEP). Six litters produced (Table 1). The population development in in all 14 kits with an unfavourable sex the EEP Programme during this century ratio of 10.3.1. As two of the youngsters is shown in its entirety in Figure 1. died, the survival rate for the 2013 kits was 85 per cent. It is worthy of mention North American parks join the EEP that a wolverine litter was born in France A new agreement between the North for the first time, with a pair at Calviac American breeding programme PMP and producing a female kit. Europe’s EEP was a significant step in The most significant event of the the EEP’s continuing development. The year was without doubt the arrival Small Carnivore TAGs (Taxon Advisory of a wild-caught young individual at Groups) on each continent had previously Moscow Zoo. During 2013 it was also agreed that the PMP should focus on the established that the female that arrived North American sub-species of wolverine, in Novosibirsk from Ekaterinburg in Gulo g. luscus, while the EEP Programme 2007 belonged to the sub-species Gulo held only the nominate Gulo g. gulo, but g. gulo and could therefore be included during 2013 a waiver was made to this Wolverines breed at the coldest time of the in the EEP Programme (Table 1). The arrangement. The reason was mainly the year, in February and March. Six litters were born as part of the breeding programme in table also reveals that 12 recommended lack of reproducing individuals of G. g. 2013. picture tom svensson

99 Total 99 Figur 2. Figure 1. Number of Development of wolverine population wolverines in within the EEP-programme, 2000–2013 North America and Europe, Nov. 2013 female

male 51 Male

49 Female 16 11

G. g. luscus G. g. gulo G. g. gulo 2000 2005 2010 2013 PMP EEP Non-EEP

33 Table 1. Wolverine population development in EEP/Europe during 2013

EEP population Status Born To EEP From EEP To From Died Status 1.1. non-EEP non-EEP 1.1. Institution 2013 2014 Ahtari/FIN 3.2 - 0.1 Cezallier - - - - 3.1 Bardu/N 0.1 ------0.1 Berlin TP/D 1.1 ------1.1 0.1 Orsa Borås/S 1.1 2.1 1.0 Cezallier Brno/CZ 1.1 ------1.1 1.0 Munich Burford/UK 2.3 - - - - - 1.2 0.1 Hluboka Calviac/F 1.1 0.1 - - - - - 1.2 0.1 Ahtari Cezallier/F* ------1.1 1.0 Boras Chomutov/CZ 1.1 - - - - - 1.0 0.1 Duisburg/D 2.2 - 0.1 Kerkrade - - - - 2.1 Eberswalde/D 1.1 ------1.1 Edinburgh/UK 1.1 - 1.1 Kingussie - - - - - Helsinki/FIN 0.1 - - - - - 0.1 - Hluboka/CZ* - - - 0.1 Burford - - - 0.1 Hunnebostrand/S 2.2 2.1 0.1 Minnesota - - - 1.0 3.2 Järvsö/S 2.2 1.0 - - - - - 3.2 Kerkrade/NL 1.0 - - 0.1 Duisburg - - - 1.1 Kinguisse/UK* - - - 1.1 Edinburgh - - - 1.1 Kolmården/S 1.1 2.0.1 1.0 Minnesota - - - 0.0.1 2.1 Kristiansand/N 1.1 3.0 - - - - - 4.1 Lycksele/S 1.2 - - 1.0 Stockholm - - 1.0 1.2 1.0 Kolmarden Minnesota/USA* ------1.1 0.1 Hunnebostrand Moscow/RUS 9.81) - 0.1 Novosibirsk - 1.0 Izhevsk 1.0 wild 2.0 7.7 Munich/D 1.1 - - 1.0 Burford - - 1.0 1.1 Namsskogan/N 1.0 ------1.0 Nikolaev/UKR 0.1 ------0.1 Novosibirsk/RUS 1.1 - - 0.1 Moscow - 0.1 - 1.3 Opole/POL 1.1 ------1.1 Orsa/S 1.1 - - 0.1 Boras - - 0.1 1.1 Osnabruck/D 1.1 ------1.1 Ranua/FIN 1.1 ------1.1 Riga/LAT 0.1 - - - - - 0.1 - Salzburg/A 1.1 ------1.1 Skåne/S 3.1 - - - - - 1.0 2.1 Springe/D 1.12) ------1.1 Stockholm/S 2.1 - 1.0 Lycksele - - - - 1.1 Szeged/HU 1.1 ------1.1 Usti/CZ 1.1 ------1.1 Whipsnade/UK 1.1 ------1.1 I EEP 48.47 3) 10.3.1 5.7 5.7 1.0 1.1 7.3.1 51.48 (36 institutions) (95) (14) (12) (12) (1) (2) (11) (99)

1) Previously given as 9.9 Key: 2) Previously given as 1.2 1.0 = 1 male, 0.1 = 1 female 3) Previously given as 48.49 * Indicates new participant parks 34 Non-EEP- Status Born To EEP From EEP To From Died Status population 1.1. non-EEP non-EEP 1.1. Institution 2013 2014 Bielefeld/D 1.1 ------1.1 Fuerstenwalde/D 1.1 ------1.1 Izhevsk/RUS 1.1 1.0 Moscow 1.1 Krasnoyarsk/RUS 0.1 0.1 Nizhny 1.1 ------1.1 Novgorod/RUS Sababurg/D 1.1 ------1.1 In Non-EEP: 5.6 - - 1.0 - - - 5.6 (6 institutions)

luscus in North America combined with a Figure 3. surplus of wolverine kits being produced Development of the wild wolverine population Total within the EEP. The wolverine has always in the Nordic countries 2000–2013 1 200 been scarce in North American parks and the largest population was that of 2002, when the North American continent 900 had 31 individuals (Ness 2013). Regular Sweden breeding has been rare since then, and 600 by 2013 the population had sunk to 16 individuals. In order to revive its Norway wolverine population, the PMP decided 300 Finland to keep both wolverine sub-species, though separately with no hybridisation. For the European breeding programme, 2000 2005 2010 2013 however, there is no reason to depart from the decision to hold only the nominate form. Wolverine kits are produced in Europe. Statistics from Finland are intensified collaboration over the future every year in Europe and new potential not as reliable, but the increase has been management of the predator strains. members are invited to contact the EEP far smaller than that in Norway and One can only hope this will reinforce co-ordinator without delay. Minnesota Sweden (Figure 3). Predator surveys co-operation between the relevant Zoo joined the EEP in 2013 and received carried out for the WWF in Sweden agencies and will in time involve a young wolverine pair from Nordens (Persson 2011) and Finland (Kojola et their Russian counterparts. National Ark and Kolmården, while Columbus al. 2011) indicate that extensive illegal boundaries don’t concern the wolverine, Zoo in Ohio will join in 2014. A pair hunting of wolverines is continuing and and its management should be a task for from Calviac and Borås has already been is responsible for a large proportion of the whole of Scandinavia. reserved for Columbus. mortalities among wolverine adults. It is likely that illegal hunting has prevented Sweden is the wolverine’s strongest the Finnish wolverine population from References foothold in Europe making the kind of recovery seen in the Blomqvist, L. (2013): Number of Wolverines In Sweden and Norway, an inventory other Nordic contries. in EEP Approaches 100 Individuals. of the wild wolverine population is The wolverine is a solitary animal with Nordens Ark Annual Report 2012: 21–25. made every year during late winter by a large territory, and it’s difficult and Nordens Ark Foundation. recording the number of litters and using costly to obtain precise estimates of size Bröseth, H., M. Tovmo (2013): Breeding Record of Wolverines in Norway in 2013. tracking and DNA analysis to complete and density of the populations. To get a NINA Rapport 981 (in Norwegian with more accurate estimate of the wolverine the information. In both countries, the English summary). population, and to develop a long- populations have increased this century Kojola, I. et al. (2011): Ahmojen salakaadot vis à vis the number of litters, at the term plan for the future management Suomessa WWF Finland (Finnish) same time as the range has expanded of predators in Scandinavia, there is an Ness, T. (2013): AZA Regional Studbook further and further south of the reindeer- urgent need for closer co-operation with Wolverine (Gulo gulo sp.). Minnesota Zoo herding region. The rise in numbers has Finland. The authorities in Norway, Persson, J. (2011): Illegal Hunting of Large been most marked in Sweden, which is Sweden and Finland were recently Predators in Sweden. WWF Report. 2011. today the wolverine’s strongest foothold asked to develop a common strategy for 35 ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Administration Report 2013 The Board and Managing Director of Nordens Ark Foundation herewith present the following report for the financial year 2013. All sums are given in Swedish kronor (SEK) unless stated otherwise. Figures in parentheses are for the previous year.

Important events during and while a record 49 lesser white-fronted geese, after the financial year born to our Russian breeding birds, were Nordens Ark Foundation marked its 25th placed out in the Arjeplog mountains. Four year of operations in 2013, and the 25th white storks born in 2013 were due to be anniversary of the park’s opening is being released in Skåne. celebrated in 2014. King Carl XVI Gustaf Two new bird species arrived in the late officiated at the inauguration and appointed autumn: hoopoe and European roller. They Crown Princess Victoria as Nordens Ark’s will be placed in the northern bald ibis patron.The Foundation was created with enclosure in spring 2014. the objective of working to save endangered animals. The festivities on June 14, 2014, will Measures implemented as collaborative be both a celebration and a declaration of the projects with agencies and organisations efforts we have made over the past 25 years. During 2013, an international conservation Last year was the third year in a four- project focusing on endangered beetles linked year maintenance and investment plan. to old deciduous trees began to take shape. All signs in the park have been renewed The project will be run in conjunction with and the educational stations for children the county administrative boards in Kalmar replaced. Pastureland around the Farm has and Linköping, as well as various institutions been improved and the Wetlands house in Denmark, Germany and Poland. In the remodelled, as well as the equine house and course of 2013, an EU LIFE application was wolf and Tadjik markhor enclosures. The drawn up through workshops and meetings jewel in the crown of the 2014 celebrations in Copenhagen and Warsaw and at Nordens will be Nordens Ark’s engagement in saving Ark. The idea is for the project to run for five the Persian leopard, with a breeding pair or six years, with funding from the EU. in a newly built enclosure. Construction of Nordens Ark’s scientific leaders took part in the enclosure began at the end of 2013 after RCE (Regional Centre of Expertise) meetings financing was secured. to develop a network for ‘education for A significant zoological event in 2013 was sustainable development’. the birth of three cubs to the Amur tigers. Nordens Ark has committed itself to a Since the female came from the wild and new species, the common tree frog from is a so-called ‘founder’, this is an extremely Central America, in connection with which valuable addition to the zoo park population. we participated in a genetic research study, The youngsters will remain at Nordens Ark visited a model facility in Manchester and until the autumn of 2014. Then they will be took part in a research trip to Panama. From transferred in accordance with the studbook autumn 2014, Nordens Ark will keep a back- keeper’s directions to other zoos to form new up population of common tree frogs at the breeding pairs, and to allow our female to rebuilt laboratory adjacent to Annedal. New become pregnant again. windows are planned to allow visitors to see The snow leopards reproduced, too. And what’s going on. earlier in the year there were births for the As part of the tiger project in the Russian wolverines, red pandas, European ground Far East, a field trip to the Anuisky National squirrels and white-naped cranes, which bred Park was made in May by Nordens Ark’s MD for the first time. and the general secretary of WWF Sweden. All this resulted in excellent visitor The objective was to assess the measures our figures for the first half of July. Then came Russian counterparts had agreed to carry out. a heatwave, which showed once again that A Russian delegation from the project visited it’s not wise to budget on a high number of Nordens Ark and northern Finland during the visitors. On the other hand, gifts, donations, autumn to find out more about ecotourism sponsorships, members, adopters, foundations and veterinary issues. and funds are not influenced by the weather. The European zoo organisation EAZA Sixteen white-backed woodpeckers and 12 undertakes regular thorough reviews of its peregrine falcons were released into the wild, 350-odd member parks. Nordens Ark was picture tom svensson 36 annual report 2013 assessed in accordance with this policy and was given top marks in all respects, barring a few remarks.

Nordens Ark Ecopark project A feed storage hall has been built next to the barn for suckling calves added in 2012. Fencing proceeded according to plan and cattle grids were installed in four places. This enabled all the paddocks to be grazed, with the exception of the pasture by the ravine, which wasn’t ready until November. A new section of the hiking path, starting in this ravine, was completed. Meadow restoration began in eight different locations, and a survey of fauna will be undertaken at the Seventy-five thousand people saw Nordens same time. Work on the Ecopark is on way around, and information boards to tell Ark’s commercial at Götaplatsen in central schedule. them about our conservation projects outside Gothenburg during December 2013. picture dick gillberg Nordens Ark. Educational activities A tall information facility for visitors has Nordens Ark has an established partnership been erected inside one of the wolf enclosures. with the University of Gothenburg (GU) This allows us to educate and to give useful Communications and media and the Swedish University of Agricultural information about wolves and their history, In the spring, both the Amur tigers and snow Sciences (SLU) at Skara. On behalf of GU, and about the Swedish Environmental leopards produced triplets. Webcams in the Nordens Ark and Gothenburg Natural Protection Agency’s official wolf project. dens allowed us to show live video on our History Museum will jointly conduct training website. The chance to follow the cubs during in conservation biology and communication, Visitor programmes their early period in the dens was much equivalent to 15 college points. Nordens Nordens Ark Hotel celebrated its tenth appreciated, and there was a big increase in Ark lectures regularly at GU. As in previous anniversary on May 10 with a well-attended visitors to the website. years, SLU has based parts of its courses at public programme in and around the hotel. Nordens Ark had the unique opportunity Nordens Ark. In association with University The number of ‘hotel packages’ and guided to be part of Julstaden Göteborg (Gothenburg West at Trollhättan, Nordens Ark staff tours increased during the year. Some offers – Christmas City), with a short film projected received training in rhetoric and drama. were promoted together with the Gothenburg on to the façade of Gothenburg Museum of Uppsala University based some of its research Post’s Läsvärdet, and these were fully booked. Art in Götaplatsen throughout December. preparatory training in conservation biology The popular promotions included Christmas The film was shown 185 times and seen by at Nordens Ark. dinner, mother’s and father’s day guided about 75,000 people. There is a well-developed collaboration tours with meal, a tiger weekend and family Our Facebook page evolved during 2013 with various upper secondary schools, packages. and the number of followers increased especially those in Uddevalla, with classes It makes a big difference that these offers steadily. At year’s end, there were about 5,500, on a weekly basis. We also work closely can be booked via our website. with good feedback on our posts. with Viktoria school and Hulebäck upper During the summer visitor programme, a Ahead of Nordens Ark’s 25th anniversary secondary school in Gothenburg, as well as further step was taken in our work to improve celebrations in 2014, planning for the with agricultural colleges such as Dingle, and explain the field projects we are involved festivities and activities began and intensified Realgymnasiet and Munkagård. in. Visitors were able to see the peregrine towards the end of the year. An anniversary falcons being fed and learn about our work calendar with historical picture and texts Pre-school behind the scenes at the Lunden breeding site. has been produced and went on sale in the Nordens Ark’s Djur och skur pre-school has autumn. been run as planned. The pre-school has 18 Hotel and café A collaboration began with TV4 West child-care places. The staff comprise three Hotel occupancy for private bookings was and Nordens Ark’s first TV commercial was teachers and a part-time cook. During 2013, significantly higher than in the previous year. screened during the summer, urging people the staff received training in the Association The number of both conference and student to support our activities. A further film was for the Promotion of Outdoor Life Ur och overnight stays fell slightly. broadcast in December. Gifts and donations Skur teaching method. The pre-school is Café sales increased marginally on 2012, certainly increased in the second half of 2013, popular and the child-care waiting list still while raw material costs were a little lower. but it is hard to say if this was a result of the long. Staff costs were somewhat higher than TV advert. expected. Overall, the business improved its Visitor operations profits by about 55 per cent compared with Staff The park 2012. The financial results for the parts of The number of employees during the year The number of visitors to the park in 2013 the business covered by the management was 56, comprising 31 women and 25 men. was about seven per cent lower than expected, agreement with Sodexo were positive. Additional staff are taken on during the peak probably because of the hot weather during season. Altogether, 105 people have been part of the high season. Shop sales employed during the year. Work on new signage in the park Sales in the shop during the year were rather The number of annual workers was 54, of continued, and a large number of new higher than expected. Net income rose by 21 which 52 per cent were women and 48 per species signs have been put up. There are new per cent on 2012. cent men. direction signs to help our guests find their 37 Environmental report Foundations and funds Earnings and financial position Nordens Ark Foundation has been an The Swiss Segré Foundation, whose The Foundation’s revenues Environmental Diploma enterprise headquarters are in Geneva, contributed for The Foundation’s total revenues amounted to since 2010. We have an environmental the second year running to our efforts to 50.9 million kronor (51.5 million kronor). management system in accordance with the breed and release threatened Nordic animals. Of this sum, funds from the general public relevant regulations, and passed the annual re- The Erna and Victor Hasselblad Foundation made up 7.9 million kronor (6.9 million evaluation with flying colours. Environmental has financed Nordens Ark’s professorship kronor) and funds raised from companies objectives have been updated and amended to in conservation biology at the University of and organisations 19.3 million kronor (20.5 make the best of our natural advantages. Gothenburg since 2006, as well as an annual million kronor), with the Postcode Lottery During the year, the heating in another research college. This year the college was contributing 7.0 million kronor (7.0 million building was changed from electricity to run with Sotenäs municipality as part of the kronor). Revenue from the sale of goods and a heat pump system. An internet-based biennial Scandinavian nature film festival, services amounted to 10.2 million kronor chemical registry has been acquired. The with communication as the theme. Thuréus (10.3 million kronor). Other income totalled business has reduced its paper consumption Forskarhem made a financial contribution 13.5 million kronor (13.8 million kronor), by more than ten per cent. Fuel consumption to the scientific work with Nordic animals. of which 12.4 million kronor (12.9 million has, however, not been reduced. The Thordén Foundation helped with the kronor) was from admission charges. development of our educational activities. Partners and sponsors The Erik and Lily Philipson Memorial Fund Operating costs and expenses Nordens Ark Foundation has had scientific contributed funds towards the development The Foundation’s operating costs totalled 50.5 partnerships with the University of of the Ecopark. million kronor (49.1 million kronor). Of this Gothenburg and Swedish University of sum, direct project costs amounted to 36.8 Agricultural Sciences for the past ten years. Swedish Fundraising Control and million kronor (35.1 million kronor). This Volvo Trucks and the Gothenburg Post Swedish Fundraising Council increase is due largely to higher costs for the have been our partners for many years. In Nordens Ark Foundation holds a 90-account repair and maintenance of animal enclosures. 2013, Volvo AB became principal sponsor of and is therefore audited by the Swedish Fundraising and administration costs were Nordens Ark’s investment in a Russian project Fundraising Control. To qualify for a slightly less than the previous year and came that aims to strengthen the wild population 90-account, at least 75 per cent of money to 4.4 million kronor (4.6 million kronor). of the Persian leopard. Volvo AB is the main raised must reach its intended beneficiary. financial backer of our new breeding facility Nordens Ark’s collection and administration Net income and general position for Persian leopards which will be inaugurated costs were 11 per cent during the year, so Net income for 2013 totalled 0.3 million during the anniversary celebrations in June 89 per cent of funds reached their target. kronor (2.2 million kronor). Profits fell by 2014. The Foundation is a member of the 1.9 million kronor. The reason for this drop The number of sponsors has not changed Swedish Fundraising Council (FRII), which is in income is increased costs for maintenance in recent years. They contribute with much a trade association of voluntary organisations and improvements, in line with Board appreciated goods, services and financial help. holding a 90-account. Members must report decisions, and lower income from admission yearly on how they have followed FRII’s charges. The Foundation’s financial position Gifts and donations Code of Ethics. Beneficiaries of the Swedish is sound. Equity ratio amounted to 44.6 per Since its launch in 2005, the Postcode Postcode Lottery are required to be members cent. Lottery has awarded 4.9 billion kronor to of FRII. the voluntary sector. Together with its sister Investments lotteries in Holland and Great Britain, the The work of the Board in 2013 The year’s total investments amounted to Postcode Lottery is the world’s second-largest The Board has held four meetings and run a 6.5 million kronor (8.7 million kronor), 2.2 private donor to non-profit organisations. board seminar. million kronor (3.8 million kronor) of which Nordens Ark has received 18 million kronor • Strategy seminar in January was self-funded. since 2010, seven million of it in 2013. On • Final accounts meeting in March External investments in the Ecopark project top of that, the Postcode Lottery contributed • Information meeting in preparation for the came from Region Västra Götaland and the 5.3 million kronor to the ‘Special Amur tiger public season Erik and Lily Philipson Foundation. Under project’ run in conjunction with the WWF. • Monitoring and evaluation of the year’s the heading of self-financed investments, The members’ group Friends of Nordens activities in September the following projects have been completed Ark made a donation of one million kronor, • Determination of the Animal Collection or are ongoing: construction of Tadjik as well as contributing with hundreds of and operational plans, as well as the budget, markhor enclosure, new road to the Farm, hours of voluntary work. The number of in December improvements to pastureland around members was about 4,500. The group is a Consideration of the Board’s and MD’s the Farm, investment in water supply, not-for-profit organisation and is independent instructions quarantine enclosure for hoofed animals, and of Nordens Ark. Nordens Ark’s offices help with administrative services.

Overview (000s kronor) 2013 2012 2011 2010 The Foundation’s revenues 50,929 51,517 42,749 46,221 Income after financial items 294 2,229 - 1,561 2,741 Operating margin 0.9 % 4.6 % neg 6.1 % Balance sheet total 41,297 36,654 34,652 28,198 Equity ratio 44.6 % 49.4 % 45.9 % 61.9 %

38 annual report 2013 completion of bio-safe breeding facility for amphibians. Planned investments were made in vehicles, machinery and Income statement equipment.

Definition of key ratios 01-01-2013 01-01-2012 Operating margin Operating income as a percentage of Figures in Swedish kronor Note 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 total sales The Foundation’s revenues Equity ratio Sales of goods and services 1 10,218,253 10,296,605 Adjusted equity as a percentage of the balance sheet total Other external revenues Gifts and contributions from the public 7,923,259 6,861,215 Allocation of profit/loss Contributions from organisations, authorities This year’s net income of 294,462 and companies 2 19,312,492 20,532,704 kronor will be carried forward. The Admission charges 12,433,698 12,872,206 equity capital will then amount to Other operating revenues 1,041,684 953,810 18,411,342 kronor. For the Foundation’s net income Total 50 929 386 51 516 540 and general position, please refer to the income statement and balance sheet Operating costs and expenses 3 with accompanying notes that follow. Operating and administrative expenses -22,757,039 -21,426,954 Employee costs 4 -26,350,744 -26,337,409 Depreciation and write-downs on tangible and intangible fixed assets 5 -1 389 213 -1,385,381 -50,496,996 -49,149,744 Operating income 432,390 2,366,796

Financial items Interest income 6 33,122 96,393 Interest expense -171,050 -234,171 Income after financial items 294,462 2,229,018

Tax on net income for the year 0 0 Net income for the year 294,462 2,229,018

39 Balance sheet

Figures in Swedish kronor Note 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Figures in Swedish kronor Note 31-12-2013 31-12-2012

ASSETS EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Fixed assets Equity capital 8 Tangible fixed assets 5 Restricted equity Buildings and land 8,723,897 8,787,568 Foundation fund 24,500 24,500 Land improvement 14,386,931 11,382,418 24,500 24,500 Equipment, tools and other installations 1,207,394 1,558,146 Unrestricted equity Animals 100,000 100,000 Unappropriated retained earnings 18,092,380 15,863,362 Ongoing new construction 1,387,010 3,130,230 Net income for the year 294,462 2,229,018 Total fixed assets 25,805,232 24,958,362 18,386,842 18,092,380 Total equity 18,411,342 18,116,880

Current assets Long-term liabilities Inventories etc Debt to credit institutions 9 4,050,000 4,150,000 Inventories 1,030,519 979,375 Prepaid revenue 10 6,535,483 0 1,030,519 979,375 Other long-term liabilities 0 576,675 Current receivables Total long-term liabilities 10,585,483 4,726,675 Accounts receivable 2,548,167 1,412,439 Tax refund claim 223,869 341,231 Current liabilities Other receivables 7,161,654 981,947 Bank advances 11 1,700,516 3,828,093 Prepaid expenses and Accounts payable 3,738,065 2,094,631 accrued income 7 1,878,623 3,935,372 Other current liabilities 1,156,464 1,726,013 11,812,313 6,670,989 Total accrued expenses and prepaid revenue 12 5,705,267 6,161,396 Short-term investments 247,081 205,390 Total current liabilities 12,300,312 13,810,133 247,081 205,390 Total equity and liabilities 41,297,137 36,653,688 Cash in hand and bank deposits 2,401,992 3,839,572 Total current assets 15,491,905 11,695,326

Total assets 41,297,137 36,653,688 Figures in Swedish kronorr Note 31-12-2013 31-12-2012

Pledged securities and contingent liabilities

Pledged securities 13 10,500,000 10,500,000

40 annual report 2013 Cash flow analysis

01-01-2013 01-01-2012 Figures in Swedish kronor 31-12-2013 31-12-2012

Current operations Operating income 432,390 2,366,796

Adjustments for non-cash items Depreciation and write-downs 1,389,213 1,385,381 Capital gain from sale of equipment 64,000 -25,000

Financial income 33,122 96,393 Interest paid -171,050 -234,171 Cash flow from current operations 1,747,675 3,589,399 before changes in operating capital

Changes in operating capital Changes in inventories -51,144 -138,732 Changes in receivables -5,141,324 -129,482 Changes in current liabilities -903,896 1,279,783 Cash flow from current operations -4,348,689 4,600,968

Investment operations Acquisition of tangible fixed assets -6,510,319 -8,735,300 Sale of equipment -64,000 25,000 Contributions received 4,274,236 4,981,940 Cash flow from investment operations -2,300,083 -3,728,360

Financing operations Repayment of debt 6,535,483 0 Repayment of debt -1,282,600 -1,507,600 Cash flow from financing operations 5,252,883 -1,507,600

Cash flow for the year -1 395,889 -634,992

Liquid funds at the beginning of the year1 4,044,962 4,679,954 Liquid funds at the end of the year1 2,649,073 4,044,962

1Liquid funds comprise cash in hand and bank deposits and short-term investments.

41 Accounting and valuation principles and notes

General Direct project costs A write-down is made where impairment of The Annual Report has been prepared in Direct project costs comprise the Foundation’s value is permanent. Land is not depreciated. accordance with the terms of the Annual costs for rescuing and preserving endangered Accounts Act and the recommendations species, and for information, research and The following depreciation periods are used: and guidelines of the Swedish Financial educational activities. Costs directly linked Buildings – 50 years Accounting Standards Board and the Swedish to complying with the paragraph on direct Enclosures and facilities – 20 years Fundraising Council’s template for annual projects in the Foundation’s statutes are Equipment, tools and other installations reports. The Annual Report also includes classified as direct project costs. Shared costs – 5 years certain information required by the Swedish distributed over the direct project costs are The difference between the above Fundraising Control. also classified as direct project costs. depreciation and depreciations made for tax purposes is reported as over-/under- Changes in accounting principles Fundraising costs depreciation, which is included in untaxed The accounting principles are unchanged Fundraising costs are direct costs relating reserves. from the previous accounting year. to fundraising efforts directed at donors, i.e. revenues in the form of gifts, bequests Income tax Operating revenues and donations. The work includes both The tax for the current financial year as it is current donors and efforts to find new ones. reported in the income statement contains Revenues are taken up at the actual value Fundraising costs comprise both direct costs the tax costs or tax revenues. Deferred tax that has been or will be received. The main such as the collection staff’s salaries and shared is not reported separately if it is only the principle is that gifts and contributions costs distributed over the fundraising costs. balance sheet item Untaxed reserves that are reported when the gift has been legally entails deferred tax. Deferred tax refund completed. This means that gifts made Administrative expenses claims are reported only if there is a very high principally by members of the public are Administrative expenses comprise the costs probability that they can be legally set off reported on a cash basis. Funds collected from incurred in administering Nordens Ark. These against tax liabilities. companies and organisations are normally include, for example, administrative systems, reported in the period that the donation wages and salaries for administrative staff, Average number of employees is paid. This also applies to funds from the premises and audits. The average number of employees has been Postcode Lottery. calculated by dividing the total number of Contributions agreed but not yet received Assets and liabilities hours worked during the financial year by an at year-end are reported according to an average number of working hours based on individual assessment in the final accounts. Assets, allocations and liabilities are taken up the average of the Foundation’s blue-collar Where funds received have been accepted at acquisition value unless stated otherwise. and white-collar staff’s working hours. subject to a proviso that they be used for a specific purpose and have not been fully Inventories used by the end of the financial year, they Inventories are valued according to the lower are reported as prepaid income in the final of cost and market principle, using the first- accounts. The funds are reversed when the in first-out (FIFO) method. This funds are used and they are then taken up means that inventories are taken as operating income. Support relating to up at the lower of acquisition the acquisition of fixed assets reduces the value according to the FIFO asset’s acquisition value. This means that the method and real (market) asset is reported at its net acquisition value, value. A standard deduction which constitutes the basis for calculating the of 3% has been made for depreciation. The figures for the year’s gross obsolescence. Valuation of acquisition value and support received are animals comprises the animals given in the relevant note. owned by the Foundation. Sales of goods and services are reported The zoological park’s operations as income in the period the income occurs. also include animals that the Sales of envelope stickers, postcards and Foundation does not own but has at similar items are reported when the payment its disposal as so-called breeding loans. The is received. value of these animals is far in excess of the value of the zoological park’s own animals. Operating costs and expenses New animals resulting from these operations have not been taken up. The Foundation’s operating costs and expenses consist of direct project costs, fundraising Tangible fixed assets costs and administrative expenses. The Tangible fixed assets are taken up at Foundation’s income statement is classified by acquisition value less accumulated nature of expense, and details of direct project depreciation and any write-downs. costs, fundraising costs and administrative Depreciation according to plan is based on expenses can be found in the appropriate original acquisition values and estimated life. notes.

42 annual report 2013 Notes

Note 1 Sales of goods and services The figure represents income from hotel, shop and cafeteria sales, as well as the sale of woodland. Net income from hotel, shop and cafeteria sales amounts to 869,000 kronor (576,000 kronor). Income from the sale of woodland amounts to 0 kronor (83,000 kronor).

Note 2 Contributions from organisations and companies Of the total amount received from organisations and companies, 7,000,000 kronor (7,000,000 kronor) was received from the Postcode Lottery. The sum of 2,500,000 kronor (3,500,000 kronor) was received from the Nordens Ark fundraising foundation.

Note 3 Operating costs and expenses Fundraising costs, administrative expenses and direct project costs reported according to the Swedish Fundraising Control’s guidelines amount to: 2013 2012 Direct costs in connection with goods and services 9,285,539 9,399,736 Other fundraising costs 1,600,771 1,616,066 Administrative expenses 2,815,146 2,996,929 Direct project costs 36,795,540 35,137,013 Total 50,496,996 49,149,744

Note 4 Employee costs Average number of employees 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Men 21 23 Women 22 24 Male seasonal staff 5 2 Female seasonal staff 7 8 Total 55 57

Wages and salaries, other remunerations and social costs Board and Managing Director 995,153 940,071 Other employees 17,850,823 17,568,371 Total 18,845,976 18,508,442

Social costs Pension contributions for the Board and Managing Director 670,691 905,505 Pension contributions for other staff 1,086,206 986,016 Social security contributions 5,902,113 5,855,398 Total 7,659,010 7,746,919

If the MD’s employment is terminated by the Foundation, the MD will receive severance pay equivalent to 12 months’ pay. The amount will be reduced if the MD finds other employment within a period of 12 months.

Distribution by gender 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Distribution of men and women on the Board: Women 4 4 Men 7 7 Distribution of men and women on the management team: Women 3 3 Men 3 3

43 Note 5 Depreciation of tangible assets Buildings and land 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Acquisition value at beginning of year 9,730,054 9,704,379 Purchases 0 25,675 Accumulated acquisition value at end of year 9,730,054 9 ,730,054

Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year -942,486 -879,201 Depreciation for the year -63,671 -63,285 Accumulated depreciation at end of year -1,006,157 -942,486 Book value 8,723,897 8,787,568 Accumulated contributions amount to 28,609,791 (28,609,791) kronor.

Land improvement 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Acquisition value at beginning of year 29,384,104 27,508,672 Purchases 2,645,512 1,875,432 Reclassification of investment 2,449,950 0 Reclassification of contributions -509,947 0 Contributions -1,000,000 0 Accumulated acquisition value at end of year 32,969,619 29,384,104

Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year -18,001,686 -17,462,982 Depreciation for the year -581,002 -538,704 Accumulated depreciation at end of year -18,582,688 -18,001,686 Book value 14,386,931 11,382,418 Accumulated contributions amount to 38,500,121 (36,990,174) kronor.

Equipment, tools and other installations 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Acquisition value at beginning of year 9,308,007 8,858,260 Purchases 781,922 630,252 Divestments/scrapping 0 -56,000 Contributions -388,136 -124,505 Accumulated acquisition value at end of year 9,701,793 9,308,007

Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year -7,749,857 -7,022,465 Divestments/scrapping 0 56,000 Depreciation for the year -744,542 -783,392 Accumulated depreciation at end of year -8,494,399 -7,749,857 Book value 1,207,394 1,558,150 Accumulated contribution amounts to 1,548,100 (1,159,963) kronor. Animals 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Acquisition value at beginning of year 520,418 520,418 Accumulated acquisition value at end of year 520,418 520,418 Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year -420,418 -420,418 Accumulated depreciation at end of year -420,418 -420,418 Book value 100,000 100,000

Ongoing new construction 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Acquisition value at beginning of year 3,130,230 1,783,724 Purchases 3,082,885 6,203,941 Contributions -2,886,103 -4,857,435 Reclassification of investment -2,449,950 0 Reclassification of contributions 509,948 0 Accumulated acquisition value at end of year 1,387,010 3,130,230 Book value 1,387,010 3,130,230 Accumulated contribution amounts to 9,010,937 (6,634,512) kronor.

44 annual report 2013

Note 6 Financial income 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Interest 33,122 70,625 Payments 25,768 Total 33,122 96,393

Note 7 Prepaid expenses and accrued income 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Prepaid insurance premiums 89,384 51,640 Prepaid expenses 143,164 253,513 Accrued contributions 1,166,430 2,259,817 Accrued revenue 479,645 1,370,402 Total accrued expenses and prepaid revenue 1,878,623 3,935,372

Note 8 Equity capital Foundation Unappropriated Net income Totalt fund retained earnings for the year Total at beginning of year 24,500 15,863,362 2,229,018 18,116,880 Transfer of retained earnings 2 229,018 -2,229,018 0 Net income for the year 294,462 294,462 Total at end of year 24,500 18,092,380 294,462 18,411,342

Note 9 Long-term liabilities Maturity date Debt Debt at Within Between one Over 12-31-2013 one year and five years five years Debt to credit institutions 4,050,000 100,000 400,000 3,550,000 Total 4,050,000 100,000 400,000 3,550,000

Note 10 Long-term prepaid revenue 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Bequests received with preconditions 7,035,483 0 Funds used as per conditions -500,000 0 Total accrued expenses and prepaid revenue 6,535,483 0

Note 11 Bank advances 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Credit granted in the form of bank overdraft facilities 9,000,000 5,000,000

Note 12 Total accrued expenses and prepaid revenue 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Accrued holiday pay 2,149,944 2,028,486 Accrued social contributions 1,199,648 1,139,056 Prepaid revenue 705,749 743,966 Prepaid contributions 753,811 1,424,427 Other items 896,115 825,461 Total accrued expenses and prepaid revenue 5,705,267 6,161,396

Not 13 Pledged securities 31-12-2013 31-12-2012 Corporate mortgages 5,500,000 5,500,000 Real estate mortgages 5,000,000 5,000,000 Total pledged securities 10,500,000 10,500,000

45 Audit report

To the Board of Nordens Ark Foundation position as at December 31, 2013, and of its Org. No. 854600-6191 financial results and cash flow for the year, that is true and fair in all material respects in accordance We have audited the annual accounts for Nordens with the Annual Accounts Act. Ark Foundation for the year 2013 (financial year 01-01-2013 to 31-12-2013). Statement on other requirements according to laws and statutes The Board´s responsibility In addition to our audit of the annual accounts, for the annual accounts we have examined the Board’s administration of The Board has the responsibility for preparing Nordens Ark Foundation for the year 2013 annual accounts that give a true and fair view (financial year 01-01-2013 to 31-12-2013). according to the Annual Accounts Act, and for internal controls deemed necessary by the Board The Board’s responsibility to compile annual accounts free of material The Board is responsible for the administration in misstatement, whether due to irregularities or accordance with the law governing foundations errors. and the deed of foundation.

The auditor’s responsibility The auditor’s responsibility Our responsibility is to express an opinion on Our responsibility is to express with reasonable the annual accounts based on our audit. We have confidence an opinion on whether our inspection carried out our audit in accordance with the found that any board member acted in International Standards on Auditing and with contravention of the law governing foundations generally accepted auditing standards in Sweden. or the deed of foundation. We have carried out Those standards demand that we comply with our audit in accordance with generally accepted professional ethical requirements and plan and auditing standards in Sweden. perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance As a basis for our statement concerning the that the annual accounts are free of material administration, we have, in addition to our audit misstatement. An audit includes acquiring by of the annual accounts, examined significant various measures audit evidence relating to sums decisions, actions taken and the circumstances of and other information in the annual accounts. The the Foundation in order to determine the liability, auditor selects which actions to perform, including if any, to the Foundation of any Board member assessing the risks of material misstatements in and whether there be any cause for dismissal. We the annual accounts, whether due to irregularities have also examined whether any Board member or errors. In this risk assessment, the auditor acted in any other way in contravention of the law takes into account those internal controls that are governing foundations or the deed of foundation. relevant to how the Board prepares the annual We consider that the audit evidence we have accounts in order to give a true and fair view, obtained is sufficient and appropriate as the basis with the aim of designing inspection measures for our statement. appropriate to the circumstances, but not with the aim of commenting on the effectiveness of the Statement Board’s internal controls. An audit also includes The Board members have not acted in an evaluation of the suitability of the auditing contravention with the law governing foundations principles used and of the reasonableness of the or the deed of foundation. Board’s estimates in the report, as well as an evaluation of the overall presentation of the annual Gothenburg, 27 March 2014 accounts. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate as the basis for our statement.

Statement Eva From Yvonne Wernebjer We believe that the annual accounts have been Authorised public Elected accountant compiled in accordance with the Annual Accounts accountant Act and give a view of the Foundation’s financial

46 annual report 2013 Audit report

47 Board of directors, auditors & staff

BOARD OF DIRECTORS STAFF Stina Öqvist (temporary), Chairman of the Board Managing Director Lena M Lindén Camilla Schratz (temporary), Göran Bengtsson Personal Assistant Therese Patriksson Kenneth Emil Christensen (temporary) Deputy Managing Director Deputy Chairman Sven Eckerstein Registered Veterinarians of Nordens Bo Norming Margareta Wallin Peterson Ark Foundation Sune Gregorius, Scientific LeaderClaes Andrén Bo Runsten Board members Director of Communications Education Eva Andersson, Pege Schelander, senior adviser Nina Lindberg Hamn Pelle Karlsson, Björn Johansson, Vattenvårdsförbundet Ecopark Project Mats Niklasson Snow Leopard Project Patrik Swede, Lorina Stenwall Jonasson Leif Nilsson, contractor Christer Petrén Örjan Johansson Zoologist Leif Blomqvist Buildings Hans Håkansson, Susanne Wiklund, solicitor Zoological Assistant Ewa Wikberg Åke Gustavsson, Alf Hjelm, Rosengrens Advokatbyrå Curator Linnéa Johansson Pernilla Knuthsen, Sofia Viksson, Pål Svensson, sculptor Head Keepers Emil Gunnarsson, Björn Karlsson, Ola Björsell, Stefan Nilsson, professor emeritus Susanne Geisen, Ingela Andersson, Elisabeth Zetterlund, Ronny Trygg, zoophysiology, University of Gothenburg Anders Torstensson (temporary) Karl-Erik Augustsson, Lars Johansson Elisabeth Tarras-Wahlberg, Kreab Project Leader Christer Larsson Financial Department Maria Hoffmann Staffan Jufors Zookeepers Marketing and Communications Lena M Lindén, MD Nordens Ark Maria Hallenberg, Dick Liljegren, John Söderlindh, Therese Patriksson, Jenny Magnusson, Thomas Crusner, co-opted member Mia Abrahamsson, Josefin Hansson, Lennart Johansson, Yvonne Johansson, Sandra Josefsson, Sara Hedvall, Tom Svensson, Lotta Olofsson, AUDITORS Kristofer Försäter, Catarina Tengroth, Nina Lindberg Hamn, Jenny Schmidt Eva From, Ernst & Young AB John Uno, Emma Nygren, Pre-school Linda Åsberg, Yvonne Wernebjer, Fyrbodal Jimmy Helgesson, Elin Eriksson-Byröd, Eva Erlandsson, Karolina Gullberg, kommunalförbund Sverker Thoresson, Karin Larsson, Birgitta Liljegren, Birgitta Hedenberg Anna Einemo, Linda Svensson, (temporary) Deputy Auditor David Carlgren, Emil Gunnarsson, Lars Olehäll, Ernst & Young AB Julie Östergaard Poulsen (temporary), Ecopark Alexander Zachrisson

48 Nordens Ark’s partners

Nordens Ark’s scientific partners

Sponsors Gifts, bequests and donations

Ann-Katrin Lundberg NBS Security AB Aino Inkeri Mattsson Margit Sjöberg Arctic Paper Nordstan Marknadsledning (née Karvonen) Marie-Claire Cronstedt Dag Engströms Rederi AB Novab AB Ann-Katrin Lundberg Foundation Elanders Sverige AB OffiTech AB Britta & Olle Almén Michael Persson Erna and Victor Hasselblad Ligula Hospitality Group AB Bygg-G Förvaltnings AB Nordens Ark Fundraising Foundation Foundation Rambo AB Eliasson family foundation for the promotion of Rosa Olsson Esab AB Skogssällskapet architectural heritage Rune Lindstedt Göteborgs Kex Sodexo AB Erik and Lily Philipson Studiefrämjandet Hogia AB Sturm & Drang Reklambyrå AB Memorial Fund Holmens Herr AB Swedish Association Unifaun AB Erna and Victor Hasselblad for Hunting and Konsumentföreningen Varsego Sverige AB Foundation Wildlife Management Bohuslän Älvsborg Vasco AB Friends of Nordens Ark Swedish Society for Liseberg Vattenfall AB Gillis Larsson Nature Conservation Lundhaga Snickeri Thordén Foundation Volvo Personvagnar AB Götiska Förbundet M. Werner Let’s Deal AB Thuréus Forskarhem Mikaels Grävtjänst AB Lilla Samskolan, Gothenburg Västanå Theatre Lions Uddevalla Västra Götaland county administrative board

Nordens Ark’s memberships

Conservation Breeding European Association European Endangered Frivilligorganisationers International Species Specialist Group of Zoos and Aquaria Species Programme Insamlingsråd Inventory System

International Union for Snow Leopard Trust Svensk Svensk Insamlingskontroll World Association of Conservation of Nature Djurparksförening Zoos and Aquariums

Our thanks to our sponsors Elanders Sweden AB and Arctic Paper In collaboration with Chalmers University of Technology, Elanders has who paid for the printing and paper for this annual report. developed a climate calculator that takes into account the entire life cycle of Paper: cover Arctic Silk 250 g/m2; insert Arctic Volume White 130 g/m2. printed matter when calculating greenhouse gas emissions (carbon footprint). Design and layout: Lena Eliasson, Grafiska Språnget AB. Using these climate calculations, Elanders can now offer to climate-neutralise English translation: Christopher Godfrey. your printed matter by investing in certified emission reductions in Cover photo: Amur tiger with cub – Christopher Godfrey, UN-approved CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) projects. www.animalimagery.co.uk 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Nordens Ark, Åby säteri 2009 SE-456 93 Hunnebostrand Sweden Telephone +46 (0)523-795 90 2010 Fax +46 (0)523-520 87 E-mail [email protected] 2011 www.nordensark.se Plusgiro 90 01 96-7 2012 Bankgiro 900-1967 2013