I Tùn.Þitt*.Nts for the Degree Of
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BEHAVIOR CONSOLIDATED I.INDRAINED:TBJÆ(AL --õr A sAND-BENToNITE t',tlxruRE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE by BRIAN E. LINGNAU A Thesis to the Faculty of Graduate Studies Submitted of in partiat Fulfillmeit;i tùn.þitt*.nts for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Civil Engineering ' University of Manitoba rilinniPeg, Manitoba @ Copyright June t993. N,{onarLibrav nationare B*Ë !få"jHS:" Acquisitions and Direction des.acquisitions et eiUtiographicServices Branch desservices bibliographiques 395 Wellinoton Street 395, rue Wellington ottãwa, oñtar¡o ottawa (ontario) K1A 0N4 K1A 0N4 yær tire votrc rétërcrce Ou lile Nolre rélërcnce The author has granted an L'auteur a accordé une licence irrevocabte non-exclusive licence irrévocable et non exclus¡ve allowing the National Library of permettant à la Bibliothèque Canada to reproduce, loan, nationale du Canada de distribute or sett cop¡es of reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou his/her thesis by any means and vendre des copies de sa thèse in any form or format, making de quelque manière et sous this thesis avaitabte to interested quelque forme que ce soit pour persons. mettre des exemplaires de cette thèse à la disPosition des person nes i ntéressées. The author retains ownership of L'auteur conserve la propriété du the copyright in his/her thesis. droit d'auteur qu¡ protège sa Neither the thesis nor substantial thèse. Ni la thèse ni des extraits extractsfromitmaybeprintedorsubstantielsdecelle-cine otherwise reproduced without doivent être imprimés ou his/her permiss¡on. autrement reprodu¡ts sans son autorisation. rsBN 0-315-86144-4 Canadä ff;;; ose,select the one subiect which most Ê'iËtì# Ë"tt"tp*i¡"g fo'-äigit code in rhe spoces provided' neorly describ", th" .ontáni ãil.ì. ¿irr".t"i¡.". t:T-T-l-:] Y SUEJECf TERM Subiect Cotegories rffiE ffiËrffiANErEES &$6W S@€E&& s€ðËBü€€S .... .. .0579 PHII.OSOPHY, RTTIGION AND Ancient.....-......,.. .. (OffiMUNICATIONS IHE ARIS ................ ... ....0525 ...........-.............-.. 0581 AND ...0535 Medievol Ã;i,iË-'.r"........ .'...-....-.... 0729 ..... ...... ........... IHTOTOGY Modern ...,...................,...... 0582 .'...-.-'. ... 0377 ............................0527 Philosoohv............. ..... ..-. .. 0422 Block................. ..... .. 0328 Ârr Hiir""¡.......... .. ............................ 07 | 4 Cinemo..'..................... ........ .0900 Relioioir''- Afrìcon..-................... ...033ì 0378 ..... ...... ........0533 ëànero| ............. ........ ..0318 Asio. Auslrolio ond Oceonio 0332 Don." ...................................... ..... ............... 0534 .......... 0321 F¡n"Á.r. ""0357 Biblicol Studies ........ Conódion ......................... 033¿ ..... .. ..O723 ..................... 0340 ðËi"" 0319 .... 0335 inioi.ot¡"n S.¡ence....... 0529 Eurooeon................ ..................... Hiiråiof .......... ... ...0320 Lotin'Americon .... .. .... .. 033ó io,inål¡i' ....... .....0530 philosi¡ohvof 0322 üU*.S.i"n." ... ....... ....... .. 0399 ................. Middle Eostern ... ... 0333 ..........0708 .........0710 Theology.1...:... ........ ......o4ó9 stotes.......... .... ...'0337 iáã* tomtrnicotions.... 0288 un¡led .. ......0¿l3 on Science . .. ... .. .. .0585 Music...................... ...... a7 Hisrory coÀtunicotion 0459 .............................o7 soqAL s(lENCtS 1ow..1...................... ......... 0398 Späh " .......... ..........0323 iËË; -...................... .... ..04ó5 Americon Studies Politicol Science I.A]IGUAGT, I.ITIRATURT AND Anthropology Generol................ .. .. ... .0ól5 uNGUlSil(S Archoeology ........ .............0324 lnternolionol Low ond ...... .....032ó ó ...........05 I 5 Lonouoqe Cuhuro1 ......... Relotions. -. 0ól -- . ...,.......05'l 4 ë.'ieto| "" """ 0679 Phvsicol ........... .............0327 Public Administrotion ........ 0ól 7 ........... 05 I ó Áncient... "-"" - 0289 Brrsineis Administrotion Recreolion .. .081¿ .. .............031 0 .I ................osIz 1inouistics .......... ... .... ....0290 Generol ............ Sãi¡o[wo,k ................ ...... 0452 ... ...... .,...........0272 ...........o273 Moï"rn ' 0291 Accounling Sociology Iturol .........0282 Bonking ..... .-... .... .............0770 GeÀiirol ................ ... .. ...0626 Literolure- - .............0454 .............0ó88 Gun"tol .......,...................... 0401 Monogemenl .. ..... Criminoloovond PenoloqY . 0ó27 ........ 0275 õlossicol....... ." " " 029a Morketinq .... ......0338 ó..ooroòliv. .......... .. : . 0938 . ...0727 Comoorotive ... ... .. 0295 Conodion StuIies ........ .............0385 Èrhn¡."onä (ociol Studìes ... 0ó3 ì ............ 051 I Medie"ol ............... ... ...0297 Economics lndivìduol ond FomilY ............052À .. ...... .... 0298 Generol ............ .............0501 Studi"t ............. .. ..0ó28 Modern .... ..... 0503 ..u¿/ / Africon ............................... 03 I ó Aoriculturol ............ .. lnduslriol ond Lobor 05t9 Amerìcon - 059l Cðmmerce-Business ........, .0505 Relotions ............ ... .. .. .0ó29 ..I........0¿so 0305 Finonce ................ ........ 0508 P,,biic ond Sociol Wel[ore... 0ó30 -........ Asion...... -.... " ..............0509 ...................... ..07a5 conodìon {Enqlìsh)......... 0352 History.................. Sociol--óeuelooment. Struclure ond .............,.... 0520 . .. ... .0355 Lobor'................. ..............05ì 0 . .. .. .. .. 0700 Conodion {Fre"nch} I l . ................. 0278 . ... .. ... 0593 Theorv.................. ......,....,.. 05 Th"orv ohd Methods ......... ..0344 E;olish .......... -. ..0358 ... .................0521 03.lì Folklore ..'............... .... .... , .... Tronsoodâtion ........................ 0709 Ge"rmonic . .... ....,... 03óó >rolure ............ 0279 Lotìn Americon .. ...... .. 03I2 Geogrophy......... UÃon ond Reoionol Plonning 0999 .............. 035 ì ......... ...... ......0280 Middle Eostern . ....-. 0315 Geronlology wÁ-"n't Studíes ... - 0¿53 .... .............. .0522 Romonce ..... ...-. ........ 031 3 Historv .. ........0578 ...,...,..,.,.......... 0998 Slovic ond Eosl Europeon . 03'l¿ Gánerol........... 0523 ffME S€8Ë8{€gs &Nw ËN@gNËËRBN6 ..... 04ó0 E^sj!::'ll-q Geodesv ..... ,...0370 SpeechPothology os3z BIOIOGICAT SCITNffS Töxicology 0383 benerol ............. Geolcpi, ... .0372 Aerosooce .......................... 0538 Aoriculture Home Economìcs 038ó ' .............................. 0473 (reoohYSlCS .........0373 ÀÀ.i.ultutol.................. 0539 G"n"rol .. , .. 0388 Aoronomv .... ........ .. .. ..0285 Hydiol6gy ÀJtomotiue.... 0540 .......... 0¿ l l PHYSICAI. S(ITNGS Añimol Cllture ond Minerolæv................... Biomedicol . .. .... ..... " 054ì o475 PoleobotoÁv ..........03¿5 Pure Sciences cliemicol . .. - -- .... o5a2 Ñuttition .'...-.."'-" " ..........oa26 Animol Pothology ...... .. .. .. 0A7ó P.leosoloóv Chemistrv õ;uil 05¿3 .... ......04 ì 8 - 0485 '-t*linolootFood Science ond Poleontoloqî................ GenJrol ....................... Flectronics ond Eleclricol . 0544 0359 Poleozooloäv............. ...........0985 Ããriculturol o7aq HÀot ond ThermodYnomics ..0348 . .........0a27 " "" For"it"v onäw¡ldlife . .. ... .0d78 Polvnoloov".l................ aXoløico| .......... ...............048ó Hvdroulic.... .. .. ... .... 0545 ploniCrltutu ..............-.. o479 Phfsicol öeogrophy .. ..........03ó8 Bioclíemisrry ... .-.- .. .... ... 0487 iniiustrìo| .... ...... 05¿ó . ....... 0¿l 5 piãnt potholoov .... .... .. ...0¿80 Physicol OcænogroPhY lnå-onic 1 ... ................0¿88 Morine ...... ... .. -- . 05A7 piÃnt phvsiolôáv 08l 7 Ñu.Y"or. ...... .0738 Mãter¡ols science " 0794 INVIRONMINTAL Ronãe,{tonoqämen¡ .... .0777 HTAIIH ATID Oioonic............. .... ....0490 Mãthon¡col " 05¿8 w"ðd t*hnðlosv -..... .... 0746 sqtNGs Plio'rmoceuticol 049l M"toliugy ..,...... - -....... 0743 Sciences -.. .. 07ó8 Ph"sicol ... " 049a Minino Il 055l Envìronmenlol ... 0¿95 0552 Heolth Scìences Poftmer.................... NucleËr................. ..... Generol............ .. .... .05óó Ràá¡otion . ... -.-. .... 0754 Poclooinq 0549 Áudi"loo"... ..... .. 0300 Mothãmotics ......................,...... 0¿05 pÀri"i.i." ....... ... ....07ó5 Chemorfr'éropy --- . ... .... 0992 '''Phvsics -G"n"rol Sànitorv ond Municipol ... 055¿ ... 0ó05 0790 O"ntirr"y ....l.l............. .. ... 0567 ....................... it*t.-'-science.. ... .. " EJucoriän............ ..... 0350 Ãioustìcs........-. .-... .......098ó Geoìáil'nology ....., .. ... .. 0428 Èosoilol Monooemen: ... 0769 Astronomv ond ooãrãìiont Räeorch .. - . .. .. 0796 H,'"\.n Deueloõment . ... ... 0758 Acrrooh'vsics..................... 0ó0ó PlåstìisTechnoloqv .... 0795 i..rnoloqv ...'..................... 0982 AtmosoÏeiìc Science.... ... 0ó08 Teäiie Technolog'y .- .. .. ... 'O9I4 Medicine öhd surqent' 05óy' Àr"-iå ......................07a8 Mentol Hælth "": 0347 Eleclronics ond Electricitv . 060T PSYCHOTOGY Nursing......,....... ......'..." 05ó9 Elementory Porticles ond Generol ..........,.. 0ó2 I Nutritio"n........ .... ... .. 0570 Èioh Enãrov....... ..............0798 Behotioroì 0384 ond GYnecoloqY . 0380 Fluidond Plãímo ... .. ..0759 Clinicol ...,.......... uö¿¿ Obstetrics 0ó09 Occuootionol Heôlth ond l"tãlã.ulo, .,. ....'. Developmentol 0ó20 Theroov 035¿ Ñrc|"or ........ .. .-.... .... '0ól0 Exoerimentol 0623 oohtholmoloqv 0381 ootics..... "" 0752 lndustriol 0624 P.itholoov ...::..................... 057ì [ddiot¡on ...................... 0756 Personoliv.......... 0ó25 0786 PhormoZôloqv " 0419 Solìd Stote ..............-...... ..0ó1 I Phvsiolooícol 0989 0760