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IEEE CATALOG NO. 75 CH 1003-3C

Copies available frorTl: lEE E Computer Society 5855 Naples Plaza, Suite 301 Long Beach, California 90803 lEE E, Order Department 345 East 47th Street New York, New York 10017

Copyright 1975 by The Insti tute of EIectricaI and Electrof1ics Engl IH-;ers, I r 1C. 16th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (Formerly called the Annual Symposium on S'witching and )

sponsored by IEEE Conlputer Society Technical COllllllittl'l' on f'v1athelllatical Foundations of COlllputing in co()peration with thl' ACM Special Interest Group for Autolllata and COlllputability Theory and the DepartInent of Electrical Engineering and Conlputer Sciences, The University of California, Berkeley

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IEEE 75 CH 1003-3C

Copyright ©1975 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 1975 SIXTEENTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM ON

FOUNDATIONS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

OCTOBER 13-15, 1975

TABLE OF CONTENTS Monday, October 13

Session I: Ian Munro, Chairman

The Effect of the Field of Constants on the Number of Multiplications by Shmuel Winograd . 1

The Exact Time Required to Perform Generalized Addition by Robert W. Floyd . 3

Polynomials with 0-1 Coefficients that are Hard to Evaluate by Richard J. Lipton . 6

Fast Parallel Matrix Inversion Algorithms by L. Csanky . 11

Parallel Computations in Graph Theory by Eshrat Arjomandi and D. G. Corneil 13

Synchronization and Computing Capabilities of Linear Asynchronous Structures by R. J. Lipton, R. E. Miller and L. Snyder...... 19

Session II: Robert L. Constable, Chairman

Flow of Control in the Proof Theory of Structured Programming by J. W. de Bakker 29

Bases for Chain-Complete Posets by George Markowsky and Barry K. Rosen...... 34

Correct Computation Rules for Recursive Languages by Peter J. Downey and Ravi Sethi 48

On Time Versus Space and Related Problems by , Wolfgang Paul and Leslie Valiant 57

A Note on Tape Bounds for sla Language Processing by J. Hartmanis and L. Berman 65

(iv) Tuesday, October 14

Session III: Patrick C. Fischer, Chairman

Minimean Optimality in Sorting Algorithms by Ira Pohl 71

Preserving Order in a Forest in Less Than Logarithmic Time by P. van Emde Boas 75

On the Complexity of Comparison Problems Using Linear Functions by Andew Chi-Chih Yao 85

Evaluating Relational Expressions with Dense and Sparse Arguments by T. G. Szymanski and J. D. Ullman 90

On the Decision Tree Complexity of the Shortest Path Problems by Michael L. Fredman 98 2 5 An 0(n . ) Algorithm for Maximum in General Graphs by S. Even and O. Kariv ~ ...... 100

Session IV: Sheldon B. Akers, Chairman

Information Theory and the Complexity of Switching Networks by Nicholas Pippenger 113

The Effect of Basis on Size of Boolean Expressions by V. R. Pratt 119

Economy of Description by Parsers, DPDA's, and PDA's by Matthew M.Geller, Harry B. Hunt III, Thomas G. Szymanski and Jeffrey D. Ullman .. 122

An Improvement on Valiant's Decision Procedure for Equivalence of Deterministic Finite-Turn Pushdown Automata by C. Beeri 128

A Grammatical Characterization of Exponential-Time Languages by William C. Rounds 135

Decidability of Equivalence, Containment, Intersection, and Separability of Context-Free Languages by H. B. Hunt III and J. L. Rangel 144

Wednesday, October 15

Session V: Alfred V. Aho, Chairman

Closest-Point Problems by Michael Ian Shamos and Dan Hoey 151

An Optimal Bound for Two Dimensional Bin Packing by Daniel J. Kleitman and Michael M. Krieger...... 163 Computational Complexity of Decision Procedures for Polynomials by and Kenneth Manders 169

An Application of Graph Coloring to Printed Circuit Testing by M. R. Garey, D. S. Johnson and H. C. So 178

On the Complexity of Timetable and Multi-Commodity Flow Problems by S. Even, A. Itai and A. Shamir . 184 (v)