The Three Overlapping Streams of India's Nuclear Programs
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Rule India Andpakistansanctionsother 15 Cfrparts742and744 Bureau Ofexportadministration Commerce Department of Part II 64321 64322 Federal Register / Vol
Thursday November 19, 1998 Part II Department of Commerce Bureau of Export Administration 15 CFR Parts 742 and 744 India and Pakistan Sanctions and Other Measures; Interim Rule federal register 64321 64322 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 223 / Thursday, November 19, 1998 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Regulatory Policy Division, Bureau of missile technology reasons have been Export Administration, Department of made subject to this sanction policy Bureau of Export Administration Commerce, P.O. Box 273, Washington, because of their significance for nuclear DC 20044. Express mail address: explosive purposes and for delivery of 15 CFR Parts 742 and 744 Sharron Cook, Regulatory Policy nuclear devices. [Docket No. 98±1019261±8261±01] Division, Bureau of Export To supplement the sanctions of Administration, Department of RIN 0694±AB73 § 742.16, this rule adds certain Indian Commerce, 14th and Pennsylvania and Pakistani government, parastatal, India and Pakistan Sanctions and Avenue, NW, Room 2705, Washington, and private entities determined to be Other Measures DC 20230. involved in nuclear or missile activities FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: to the Entity List in Supplement No. 4 AGENCY: Bureau of Export Eileen M. Albanese, Director, Office of to part 744. License requirements for Administration, Commerce. Exporter Services, Bureau of Export these entities are set forth in the newly ACTION: Interim rule. Administration, Telephone: (202) 482± added § 744.11. Exports and reexports of SUMMARY: In accordance with section 0436. -
Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons
Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons Paul K. Kerr Analyst in Nonproliferation Mary Beth Nikitin Specialist in Nonproliferation August 1, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL34248 Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons Summary Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal probably consists of approximately 110-130 nuclear warheads, although it could have more. Islamabad is producing fissile material, adding to related production facilities, and deploying additional nuclear weapons and new types of delivery vehicles. Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal is widely regarded as designed to dissuade India from taking military action against Pakistan, but Islamabad’s expansion of its nuclear arsenal, development of new types of nuclear weapons, and adoption of a doctrine called “full spectrum deterrence” have led some observers to express concern about an increased risk of nuclear conflict between Pakistan and India, which also continues to expand its nuclear arsenal. Pakistan has in recent years taken a number of steps to increase international confidence in the security of its nuclear arsenal. Moreover, Pakistani and U.S. officials argue that, since the 2004 revelations about a procurement network run by former Pakistani nuclear official A.Q. Khan, Islamabad has taken a number of steps to improve its nuclear security and to prevent further proliferation of nuclear-related technologies and materials. A number of important initiatives, such as strengthened export control laws, improved personnel security, and international nuclear security cooperation programs, have improved Pakistan’s nuclear security. However, instability in Pakistan has called the extent and durability of these reforms into question. Some observers fear radical takeover of the Pakistani government or diversion of material or technology by personnel within Pakistan’s nuclear complex. -
Vice-Chancellor‟S Report
Vice-Chancellor‟s Report Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi founded by the philanthropist, industrialist Late Shri B.M. Birla in 1955, attained the status of a Deemed to be University in the year 1986. The rich legacy of the founder has been carried forward by his son Padma Bhushan Late Shri. G. P. Birla and his grandson, the present Chairman of our Board of Governors, Shri C. K. Birla through continued emphasis on academic excellence and contribution to nation building. BIT Mesra, by virtue of the quality of its academic programmes, has consistently been ranked amongst the leading technical Institutes of the country. The Institute offers academic programmes in 17 disciplines in the main Mesra campus and has 626 faculty members and over 12,000 students spread across various campuses The Institute has taken many initiatives to strengthen and expand the Teaching – Learning environment and to generate career opportunities for the students in reputed organizations. Some of these initiatives are the G P Birla Scholarship Scheme, Best Student‘s Project Award, Inter Hostel Indoor Sports Award and a strong campus placement programme. A brief report on salient activities of the Institute, undertaken during the year 2018-19 follows. 1. Board of Governors: Key decisions regarding development of the institute which were taken by the BOG are listed below. Revised UG and PG curricula conforming to Outcome-Based Education (OBE)/Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) and revised Ph.D. Ordinance have been made operational in the AY 18-19. 9 UG students participated in Immersive Summer Research Experience (ISRE) at Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago and 3 at Carnegie Melon University (CMU) with equal sharing of expenses by BIT, BIT Mesra Alumni Association-North America (BITMAA-NA) and the participants The 7th CPC stands fully implemented. -
P.Chellapandi, P.Puthiyavinayagam, T.Jeyakumar S.Chetal and Baldev Raj Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research Kalpakkam - 603102
P.Chellapandi, P.Puthiyavinayagam, T.Jeyakumar S.Chetal and Baldev Raj Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research Kalpakkam - 603102 IAEA-Technical Meeting on ‘Design, Manufacturing and Irradiation Behavior of Fast Reactor Fuels’ 30 May-3 June 2011, IPPE, Russia Scope of Presentation Nuclear Power & FBR Programme in India Economic advantages of high burnups Int. experience on achieving high burnup Roadmap of enhancing the burnup Experience with carbide & oxide fuels Highlights of R&D Future Plans India’s Nuclear Roadmap 70000 • PHWRs from indigenous Uranium Nuclear Power Capacity • PHWRs from imported Uranium 60000 Projection (in MWe) • Imported LWR to the max. extent of 40 GW(e) 50000 • PHWRs from spent enriched U from LWRs 40000 (undersafeguard) 30000 • FBRs from reprocessed Pu and U from PHWR 20000 • FBRs from reprocessed Pu and U from LWR (undersafeguard) 10000 • U-233-Thorium Thermal / Fast Reactors 0 2010 2012 2017 2022 2032 • India has indigenous nuclear power program (4780 MW out of 20 reactors) and expects to have 20,000 MWe nuclear capacity on line by 2020 and 63,000 MWe by 2032. • Now, foreign technology and fuel are expected to boost India's nuclear power plans considerably. All plants will have high indigenous engineering content. • India has a vision of becoming a world leader in nuclear technology due to its expertise in fast reactors and thorium fuel cycle. FBR Programme in India • Indigenous Design & Construction Future FBR • Comprehensiveness in development of • 1000 MWe • Pool Type Design, R&D and Construction • Metallic fuel • High Emphasis on Scientific Breakthroughs • Serial constr. • Indegenous • Synthesis of Operating Experiences • Beyond 2025 • Synthesis of Emerging Concepts (Ex.GENIV) • Focus on National & International Weight in t No. -
Separating Indian Military and Civilian Nuclear Facilities
Separating Indian Military and Civilian Nuclear Facilities Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS) By David Albright and Susan Basu December 19, 2005 The agreement announced on July 18, 2005 by President George Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh regarding the establishment of a U.S.-India “global partnership” will require changes to U.S. non-proliferation laws and policies and could dramatically increase nuclear and nuclear-related commerce with India. Part of this agreement is an Indian commitment to separate its civil and military nuclear programs and put declared civil facilities under international safeguards. Safeguards should apply in perpetuity, with minor, standard exceptions that do not include use in nuclear explosives or weapons. In addition, safeguarded nuclear material should not co-mingle with unsafeguarded nuclear material in any facility, unless this unsafeguarded nuclear material also comes under safeguards. This latter condition is an example of “contamination,” a key principle of safeguards. Although these conditions do not appear to have been accepted by India, they are necessary to prevent civil nuclear cooperation from benefiting India’s nuclear weapons program. To accomplish these goals, India needs to place all its nuclear facilities not directly associated with nuclear weapons production or deployment under safeguards. India has many civil nuclear facilities in this category. In addition, India should place its nuclear facilities associated with its naval nuclear fuel cycle under international safeguards. Exempting such naval-related facilities from safeguards would undermine efforts to safeguard such facilities in non-nuclear weapon states party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Brazil accepted safeguards on its prototype naval reactor and its enrichment plants at Aramar dedicated to the production of naval reactor fuel. -
India's Stocks of Civil and Military Plutonium and Highly Enriched Uranium, End 2014
PlutoniumPlutonium andand HighlyHighly EnrichedEnriched UraniumUranium 20152015 INSTITUTEINSTITUTE FOR FOR SCIENCE SCIENCE AND AND INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL SECURITY SECURITY India’s Stocks of Civil and Military Plutonium and Highly Enriched Uranium, End 20141 By David Albright and Serena Kelleher-Vergantini November 2, 2015 1 This report is part of a series on national and global stocks of nuclear explosive materials in both civil and military nuclear programs. This work was generously funded by a grant from the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI). This work builds on earlier work done at ISIS by one of the authors. 440 First Street NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20001 TEL 202.547.3633 Twitter @TheGoodISIS E-MAIL [email protected] • www.isis-online.org Contents Summary .............................................................................................................................................. 2 1. India’s Civil Plutonium Stockpile .................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Civil Plutonium Production ........................................................................................................ 3 1.2 Plutonium Separation ................................................................................................................. 5 1.2.1 India’s Fast Breeder Reactors .............................................................................................. 6 1.3 Unirradiated Plutonium Inventory ............................................................................................. -
Uranium Mining & Milling Industry in India
UraniumUranium MiningMining && MillingMilling IndustryIndustry inin IndiaIndia PerPer CapitaCapita PowerPower ConsumptionConsumption 7382 7281 8000 7000 5843 6000 5000 4000 2400 3000 Energy kWh/Capita 2000 473 1000 0 Germany Japan U.K. World India Country Power:Power: TheThe urgenturgent needneed • Per capita power consumption is low. • Installed generation cap. to be raised from 138.73 to 417GWe by 2020 • Share of nuclear power to increase from 4120 to 20,000 MWe by 2020 • Uranium requirement to increase accordingly PowerPower SourcesSources andand ConstraintsConstraints COAL : •Inadequate coal reserves •Strain on transportation •High ash in Indian coal and low calorific value. • CO 2 emissions OIL & GAS AS FUEL : •Inadequate reserve, 70% requirement is met by import •Complex geo-political environment PowerPower SourcesSources andand ConstraintsConstraints HYDROELECTRIC Limited to geographically suitable sites Sites are mostly away from demand centers. Dependent on rain-fall. Effect on ecology Displacement of vast population. NON-CONVENTIONAL Limited scope at present level of technology Poor capacity factor Diffused and intermittent source “……….. We must break the constraining limits of power shortages, which retard our development. Nuclear energy is not only cost effective, it is also a cleaner alternative to fossil fuels……” Dr. Manmohan Singh, Kalapakkam, rd 23 Oct,2004 EnergyEnergy SecuritySecurity forfor IndiaIndia Non- conventional Nuclear 20% 2.0% Nuclear 2.5% Hydro 26.0% Non- conventional 7% Fossil fuels Hydro 61% Fossil fuels -
List Police Station Under the District (Comma Separated) Printable District
Passport District Name DPHQ Name List of Pincode Under the District (Comma Separated) List Police Station Under the District (comma Separated) Printable District Saifabad, Ramgopalpet, Nampally, Abids , Begum Bazar , Narayanaguda, Chikkadpally, Musheerabad , Gandhi Nagar , Market, Marredpally, 500001, 500002, 500003, 500004, 500005, 500006, 500007, 500008, Trimulghery, Bollarum, Mahankali, Gopalapuram, Lallaguda, Chilkalguda, 500012, 500013, 500015, 500016, 500017, 500018, 500020, 500022, Bowenpally, Karkhana, Begumpet, Tukaramgate, Sulthan Bazar, 500023, 500024, 500025, 500026, 500027, 500028, 500029, 500030, Afzalgunj, Chaderghat, Malakpet, Saidabad, Amberpet, Kachiguda, 500031, 500033, 500034, 500035, 500036, 500038, 500039, 500040, Nallakunta, Osmania University, Golconda, Langarhouse, Asifnagar, Hyderabad Commissioner of Police, Hyderabad 500041, 500044, 500045, 500048, 500051, 500052, 500053, 500057, Hyderabad Tappachabutra, Habeebnagar, Kulsumpura, Mangalhat, Shahinayathgunj, 500058, 500059, 500060, 500061, 500062, 500063, 500064, 500065, Humayun Nagar, Panjagutta, Jubilee Hills, SR Nagar, Banjarahills, 500066, 500067, 500068, 500069, 500070, 500071, 500073, 500074, Charminar , Hussainialam, Kamatipura, Kalapather, Bahadurpura, 500076, 500077, 500079, 500080, 500082, 500085 ,500081, 500095, Chandrayangutta, Chatrinaka, Shalibanda, Falaknuma, Dabeerpura, 500011, 500096, 500009 Mirchowk, Reinbazar, Moghalpura, Santoshnagar, Madannapet , Bhavaninagar, Kanchanbagh 500005, 500008, 500018, 500019, 500030, 500032, 500033, 500046, Madhapur, -
Pre Feasibility Report of Manuguru Opencast Mine
RESTRICTED CIRCULATION Pre Feasibility Report of Manuguru Opencast Mine (Mining Plan (Revision-2) (Including Mine Closure Plan) For Manuguru Mining Lease Rajupeta (Village), Manuguru (Mandal) Manuguru Area (Capacity - 2.10 Mty) Department of Project Planning (ISO 9001:2015 Certified) P.O. Kothagudem Collieries - 507 101. Dist: Bhadradri State: Telangana April, 2019 (Base date- April’2018) PFR of Manuguru Opencast Mine (Mining Plan (Revision-2) (Including Mine Closure Plan) For Manuguru Mining Lease) Manuguru Area INDEX Description Page No. Location Plan Plate-I Text 1 - 40 List of Plates Topographical Plan Plate - II Geological Plan Plate-III Pre-Mining Land Use Plan Plate-IV Initial Stage Plan ( As on 01.04.2018) Plate - V Final Year Stage Plan Plate - VI During Mining Land Use Plan Plate - VII Mine Closure/ Reclamation Plan Plate – VIII List of Annexures Copy of Approved MP&MCP Annexure – 1 Copy of Mining Leases Annexure -2 &2A Copy of Board approval of Mine Annexure-3 Closure Cost Copy of Environmental Clearance Annexure -4 Copies of Consent For Establishment & Annexure-5 & 5A Consent For Operation Copy of Forest Clearances Annexure -6 & 6A The Singareni Collieries Company Limited 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1. Introduction: Manuguru Opencast Mine is an operating opencast mine which belongs to M/s. The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (A Govt. Company). The project is located in Bhadradri district of Telangana State. The project was planned up to 200m depth of Index-1 seam. Currently, the project is being worked by shovel dumper technology with an annual capacity of 1.50 MT. 1.2. Location: Manuguru Opencast Mine lies in Northeastern extremity of Manuguru coal belt. -
Ramanujavaram (Gp) Vijayanagaram Sand Reach Godavari River, Ramanujavaram (Gp) Vijayanagaram Village, Manuguru Mandal, Bhadradri Kothagudem District, Telangana State
RAMANUJAVARAM (GP) VIJAYANAGARAM SAND REACH GODAVARI RIVER, RAMANUJAVARAM (GP) VIJAYANAGARAM VILLAGE, MANUGURU MANDAL, BHADRADRI KOTHAGUDEM DISTRICT, TELANGANA STATE PROPOSED SAND MINING AT GODAVARI RIVER - 24.0 ha SUBMITTED BY STUDIES AND DOCUMENTATION BY M/s. Telangana State Mineral Development TEAM Labs and Consultants Corporation Limited B-115, 116, 117 & 509, Annapurna Block, H. No. 6-2-915,4th Floor, Rear block, Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet, HMWSSB Premises, Khairathabad, Hyderabad-500 038 Hyderabad – 500 004 Phone: 040-23748 555/616, Telefax: 040-23748666 Email: [email protected] SUBMITTED TO STATE LEVEL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY, TELANGANA STATE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Telangana State Mineral Development Corporation Limited Form-1 APPENDIX I (See paragraph – 6) FORM 1 (I) Basic Information S. No. Item Details 1 Name of the Project/s Ramanujavaram (GP) Vijayanagaram Sand Reach, Godavari River by M/s. Telangana State Mineral Development Corporation Limited, Government of Telangana 2 S. No in the Schedule 1(a) 3 Proposed capacity/area/length/tonnage to Lease area is 24.0 Ha. be handled/command area/lease area/ (Sand mining – 240000 m3/annum). number of wells to be drilled Estimated cost of project Rs. 40 Lakhs 4 New/Expansion/Modernization New 5 Existing Capacity/Area etc. -NA- 6 Category of Project i.e 'A' or 'B' B1 7 Does it attract the general condition? If yes, No please specify. 8 Does it attract the Specific condition? If yes, No please specify. 9 Location Plot/Survey/Khasra No. North Latitude East Longitude 18°00'35.40"N 80°48’25.27"E 18°00'29.64"N 80°48'16.94"E 18°00'14.53"N 80°48'39.22"E 18°00'20.71"N 80°48'47.46"E Village Ramanujavaram (GP) Vijayanagaram Tehsil Village, Manuguru Mandal, Bhadradri District Kothagudem District, Telangana State State 10 Nearest railway station/airport along with Railway Station : Manuguru Railway distance in kms. -
IAEA Annual Report 2001
ANNUAL REPORT 2001 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY Picture credits: PhotoDisc; Third photo on left: D. Kinley, IAEA INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2001 Article VI.J of the Agency’s Statute requires the Board of Governors to submit “an annual report to the General Conference concerning the affairs of the Agency and any projects approved by the Agency”. This report covers the period 1 January to 31 December 2001. GC(46)/2 MEMBER STATES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (as of 31 December 2001) AFGHANISTAN GREECE PARAGUAY ALBANIA GUATEMALA PERU ALGERIA HAITI PHILIPPINES ANGOLA HOLY SEE POLAND ARGENTINA HUNGARY PORTUGAL ARMENIA ICELAND QATAR AUSTRALIA INDIA REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA AUSTRIA INDONESIA ROMANIA AZERBAIJAN IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION BANGLADESH IRAQ SAUDI ARABIA BELARUS IRELAND SENEGAL BELGIUM ISRAEL SIERRA LEONE BENIN ITALY SINGAPORE BOLIVIA JAMAICA SLOVAKIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA JAPAN SLOVENIA BRAZIL JORDAN SOUTH AFRICA BULGARIA KAZAKHSTAN SPAIN BURKINA FASO KENYA SRI LANKA CAMBODIA KOREA, REPUBLIC OF SUDAN CAMEROON KUWAIT SWEDEN CANADA LATVIA SWITZERLAND CENTRAL AFRICAN LEBANON SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC REPUBLIC LIBERIA TAJIKISTAN CHILE LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA THAILAND CHINA LIECHTENSTEIN COLOMBIA LITHUANIA THE FORMER YUGOSLAV COSTA RICA LUXEMBOURG REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA CÔTE D’IVOIRE MADAGASCAR TUNISIA CROATIA MALAYSIA TURKEY CUBA MALI UGANDA CYPRUS MALTA UKRAINE CZECH REPUBLIC MARSHALL ISLANDS UNITED ARAB EMIRATES DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC MAURITIUS UNITED KINGDOM OF OF THE CONGO MEXICO GREAT BRITAIN -
Professor Jaikrishna and Professor Sn Mitra Memorial Award Lectures
PROFESSOR JAIKRISHNA AND PROFESSOR S.N. MITRA MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURES INDIAN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING April 2018 INDIAN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING GOVERNING COUNCIL Office Bearers President Dr. B.N. Suresh Vice-Presidents Dr. Indranil Manna Dr. Pumendu Ghosh Dr. Pradip Chief Editor of Publications Dr. Pumendu Ghosh Executive Director Brig RajanMinocha The Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE) is an autonomous institution partly supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt, of India and is recognized as a Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (SIRO) by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt, of India. Registered Office Indian National Academy of Engineering Unit No. 604-609, SPAZE, I Tech Park, 6th Floor, Tower A, Sector 49, Sohna Road Gurgaon - 122 002 (India) Phone: (91) - 0124 - 4239480 Fax: (91)-0124-4239481 Email: [email protected] Website: www.inae.in © Copyright 2018. Indian National Academy of Engineering. All rights reserved Published by the Indian National Academy of Engineering, New Delhi Printed at the Naman Stickers, 96-B, 4 D Campus, Murlipura, Jaipur PROFESSOR JAIKRISHNA AND PROFESSOR S.N. MITRA MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURES INDIAN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING April 2018 Award Lecture Series of Indian National Academy of Engineering EDITORIAL The Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE) functions as an apex body that promotes the practice of engineering and technology in solving problems of national importance. Its activities include formulation of technology policies, promotion of quality engineering education, and encouraging R&D activities. With an objective to promote engineering excellence INAE has instituted Professor Jai Krishna and Professor S N Mitra memorial awards.