9760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS KIM DAE JUNG office will not constitute a peaceful change which brute force abolished in spite of pop­ of power by democratic process. ular support. We should return not only to A genuine, peaceful change of administra­ the pre-Yushin constitution but also to the HON. BARNEY FRANK tions is possible only when the people freely laws governing the press and elections. OF MASSACHUSETTS and without fear exercise their rights as I want to make known to our people and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES masters of the nation. Under the present the world my view that this is a most urgent circumstances, there is no guarantee of the agenda item in our struggle for democracy. Tuesday, April 24, 1984 people's sovereignty founded in such basic It is also my fervent hope that all opposi­ • Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Kim rights as free elections and freedom of the tion forces will come around to this view Dae Jung, the exiled Korean dissident press, and thus political change means noth­ and make concerted efforts to bring it into leader, recently issued a statement ing. It is a mere relay of power between dic­ reality. tators in which another Chun Doo Hwan C. Improvement of human rights to be which outlines his views and proposals can be imposed upon the South Korean regarding Korea. Mr. Kim was in 1971 people. preceded by structural improvements the opposition candidate for Presi­ The pivotal issue, therefore, is not one of Genuine improvements in human rights dent. Since that time he has been in "serving one term until 1988" but whether are not possible without first reforming the prison 5112 years, under house arrest the people have the freedom to choose and system itself. Recently, the Chun Doo Hwan change their government. This issue is of regime has released students from prison 3112 years and in exile 2 years. He is a and allowed them to return to school. It has courageous advocate for basic free­ prime importance. B. The danger of a constitutional amend­ also taken steps to allow professors fired for doms in his country, and is an inspira­ ment for direct election of the Korean political reasons to return to university life tion to the many Koreans who are President and lifted bans on political activity for some working for liberalization and a return politicians. These measures should be wel­ I must warn that there is danger in a con­ comed regardless of what the underlying to democracy in Korea. His eloquent stitutional amendment for the direct elec­ statement should enlighten us all, and motives might be. tion of the president. Recently, there has It is clear that these actions do not repre­ I ask that it be made a part of the been much ballyhoo about direct presiden­ sent a genuine improvement of human RECORD. tial elections in the government-manipulat­ rights. This is because, although their THE DESTINY OF THE KOREAN NATION AT THE ed media and among "opposition parties". rights have been restored to some extent, CROSSROADS: MY VIEWS AND PROPOSALS They are misleading the people into think­ ing that direct elections are the way to re­ these students and professors should not

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9761 since then, however, has produced extreme­ security is sheer dictatorial demagoguery conference is likely. The forthcoming trip of ly abnormal growth in Seoul to an extent and that democratic politics is a sine qua President Reagan to China may very well unmatched anywhere else in the world-Le., non for national security. serve as a catalyst for dramatic progress on 10 million people or 25 percent of the South F. The need for a free market system this issue. Korean population and nearly 70 percent of We need the free market system. We have I welcome any type of a conference as the currency in circulation are now concen­ expanded our economy substantially during long as it contributes to the reduction of trated in the capital city. Such imbalance the last 20 years in spite of the corruption tension on the Korean peninsula. If any poses a threat to the political, economic, and policy errors of those in power. This is south-north talk is going to succeed, the and social stability of our nation. Further, it without question due to the superior quali­ United States, Japan, China, and the Soviet gravely endangers national security, which, ties of our people who are diligent, highly Union must cooperate even though they after all, is proclaimed by the Chun regime educated, and superbly skilled and trained. may not be direct participants in the talks. as the consummate mission. The reason for Unfortunately, as our economy continues to Without their cooperation, peace on the the suspension of local autonomy during grow, so do its problems. We are now sad­ Korean peninsula cannot be expected. the last 23 years under Park Chung Hee and dled with a foreign debt amounting to $40 At the same time, a democratic South Chun Doo Hwan is rather obvious. Local au­ billion. Our economy is dependent on for­ Korean government with popular support is tonomy would have impeded the efforts of eign trade for nearly 80 percent of its GNP; a prerequisite to laying the foundation for a the dictators to establish complete control this underlines the dependent nature of our south-north dialogue and for permanent over the people through effective repres­ economy. Above all, economic imbalances peace on the peninsula. All in all, a demo­ sion. It is often argued by those in power and contradictions are manifesting them­ cratic South Korean and four-power coop­ that the dependency of local finance on the selves in various sectors of the economy­ eration are the two preconditions for a central government is the main factor in de­ meeting between the south and the north. laying the implementation of local auton­ i.e., in the disparity between big business, on omy. We must reject such a pretext as noth­ the one hand, and small- and middle-sized B. Advocacy of a Republican Federal system ing more than a gratuitous ·subterfuge used businesses on the other; between export and I support a "republican federal" system. I to sabotage the promotion of local auton­ non-export industries; between heavy chem­ think that it is premature to attempt the omy, and we must categorically demand the ical and light industries; between urban and "federal republican" system as advocated by restoration of the system of local autonomy rural areas; and between regions. What North Korea because it implies the creation as quickly as possible. could be most destructive, however, is the of a unitary government. As a first step gap between the rich and the poor. toward unification, it appears desirable to E. National Security-unthinkable without In South Korea today, only 10 financial adopt the "republican federal" system in a democratic government groups account for half of the GNP. They which each side will remain an independent National security is unthinkable without a virtually control heavy chemical and light republic under the rubric of a federation. democratic government. We have an army industries, and financial institutions. At the The south, according to this formula, will that is 600,000 strong and an additional Same time, stocks of these financial groups recognize de facto and de jure the existence 40,000 troops stationed in our land. South are owned by only a handful of families. of the north which, in turn, will reciprocate Korea's population is twice that of North Such concentration of control cannot be by guaranteeing the existence of a demo­ Korea's, and its GNP is 4.8 times the size of found in any economy under the democratic cratic government in the south. the north's. In spite of such superiority, the rubric. On the other hand, 50 percent of the Both republics will work to promote South Korean government has constantly workers earn less than $125 a month, not mutual understanding and trust and, by warned that the south faces an imminent even enough to meet half of their monthly mutual agreement, transfer their powers danger of being communized by the north. expenses. 90 percent of farm households are gradually to the federation to the extent As a result, the South Korean people are struggling with burdensome debts. This feasible within the context of their trust living in chronic fear because of this nation­ kind of inequity is the product of collusion and understanding of each other. Such a al security question. between political power and wealth. This is step toward eventual, complete unification What is the explanation for the problem the root of political corruption as well. is the rational and the practical solution. of weakened security despite the quantita­ Naturally, popular discontent has been tive superiority which we enjoy? In a nut­ C. The restoration of democracy­ heightened, and the rich have become the precondition for unification shell, our national security has been weak­ target of national hatred. This is why there ened because the government lacks the is a marriage of necessity between power Restoration of democracy that does not spontaneous support of the people. This and money in the form of a military dicta­ have unification as its goal can not be a de­ lack of support stems from the denial of torship which uses the alleged crisis of na­ mocracy that is resonant with the desires of democratic freedoms and social and econom­ tional security to counter popular concern the people. Further, such a government ic justice for the South Korean people. for justice, freedom, and equity. would become dictatorial as it begins to sup­ Only a democratic government can guar­ History shows that economic growth is press the popular aspiration for unification. antee freedom, justice, and human dignity feasible even under dictatorships but that The advocates of democracy can not call to the people. Without democratic govern­ the growth will not produce a fair distribu­ themselves truly democratic unless they ment, political and social stability is incon­ tion of wealth or a balanced growth among dedicate themselves fully to the task of uni­ ceivable. By the same token, national securi­ various economic sectors and strata. For the fication so fervently desired by the South ty is possible only when the political situa­ sake of sound and effective economic devel­ Korean people. tion is stable and society is free from ten­ opment, I strongly advocate the adoption of The restoration of democracy and unifica­ sion and contradictions. Only then will the a genuine free market system. I also believe tion are equally important. In terms of communists in the north be forced to aban­ in the fair distribution of income and the agenda setting, however, the former should don their design of conquering the south. popular shareholding of stocks. All this will precede the latter because a peaceful and This will finally open the door for meaning­ require tax reform and new financial and democratic unification is inconceivable with­ ful dialogue and cooperation between the labor policies. We will then be able to attain out democracy. No matter how loudly they south and the north on an equal basis, and a the kind of economic growth which is char­ proclaim their interest in unification, dicta­ peaceful resolution of the problems on the acterized by the trinity of stability, growth, tors can never be genuinely committed to Korean peninsula will be thinkable. and distribution. this national goal because division and ten­ Using national security as a pretext for sion are necessary for the maintenance of authoritarian politics is alien to Korean po­ II. THE ROAD TO PEACE AND UNIFICATION dictatorship. Unification, therefore, is anti­ litical history. Even during the Korean Con­ A. Democratization of the South and coop­ thetical to the vested interests of the dicta­ flict, we enjoyed a free press, local auton­ eration of the four powers: The keys to torships on the Korean peninsula. We omy, independent legislative and judicial peace and unification learned this lesson first during the Park branches, and direct election of the presi­ The keys to the issue of peace and unifica­ Chung Hee era and this compels me to em­ dent. Because our people cherished these tion are the restoration of democracy in the phasize the following. democratic freedoms, they dedicated their south and the cooperation of the four First, for the sake of our nation and pos­ lives to repelling the more than one-million­ powers, China, Japan, the Soviet Union, and terity, we should maintain a firm resolve to strong North Korean and Chinese forces. the United States. In response to the strive for unification. In addition, the This vivid experience not only proves unten­ north's proposal for a three-party confer­ people should be allowed to participate able the argument for a dictatorship justi­ ence, South Korea has voiced opposition. freely and actively in a national debate on fied for security reasons but also confirms The United States and Japan have coun­ unification, thereby strengthening and mo­ the inseparable relationship between genu­ tered with a proposal for a four-way talk; bilizing our capability for unification. ine national security and democratic free­ and China and the Soviet Union have sided Second, unification should be approached doms. I emphasize once again that authori­ with North Korea. These confusions not­ both with fiery passion and with reason. tarian politics under the pretext of national withstanding, I believe that a south-north This demands our wisdom and efforts to 9762 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 bring about national reconciliation. We If the United States can do this much, we international situation and our own must respect the interests of those in the can carry the ball the rest of the way. national security requirements. north, and the interests of the south must Third, I want to appeal to the Korean Arms control is an incremental proc­ also be respected. Our wisdom and efforts people. Democracy should be the prize of can increase international cooperation, in­ our conviction, efforts, and sacrifices. Re­ ess, each successive step building on cluding that of the four powers. storing democracy can not simply happen. previous gains. In this period of histor­ Third, until the day when we finally It has its price, and it is the people, the ic peril, arms control is more essential attain complete unification, we should master of the democratic system, who must to our national security than ever devote ourselves to the task of lessening ani­ pay the price. Conscience that does not act before-we should not undercut the mosity between South and North Korea, is a friend of evil. It is only when the major­ process, but continue to strengthen it. thus reducing the possibility of military ity of our people participate in the struggle I commend to my colleagues the fol­ confrontation, and restoring a sense of to­ for democracy that we can bring about a lowing Washington Post report on the getherness as one nation. democratic revolution. subject: III. CONCLUSION We have to realize also that the success of our democratic movement and our own in­ CFrom the Washington Post, Mar. 30, 19841 In concluding, I want to make clear my de­ terests dictate that the national struggle be sires and appeals to the various communi­ non-violent and not harm basic friendships UNITED STATES MAY DROP LIMITS OF SALT ties concerned with and involved in the fate AT END OF 1985 of the Korean nation. At the same time, I with our allies. I also urge Korean-Americans to be aware want to disclose my personal resolutions. of the special mission with which they have First, the Chun Doo Hwan regime will no The Reagan administration yesterday longer be able to manipulate the Korean been entrusted by our nation. Because the raised the possibility that it may cease ob­ people. Repression, political deception and Chun regime hangs on not due to popular serving previously agreed U.S.-Soviet strate­ chicanery will no longer work. The continu­ support but thanks to American and Japa­ gic arms limitations at the end of next year, ation of the present situation will only spell nese support, you should work hard to move depending on "the international situation trouble and misfortune for the Korean the United States to change its current and our own national security require­ people as well as for those in power. I want policy of supporting the dictatorship so that ments" at the time. to issue a caveat that promoting popularly­ it will be in line with our national aspira­ A statement released by the State Depart­ desired democracy is the only way for the tions for democracy. Korean residents in ment indicated that decision would be made Chun regime to atone for its crimes against the United States should view helping to late next year before planned sea trials for the nation and to avert the fate that befell free their forty million brothers and sisters the seventh Trident ballistic missile subma­ living in Korea from military dictatorship as rine. its predecessor. a mission of the highest order. It is my firm personal belief that should Finally, since my arrival in the United The launching of that submarine with 24 the Chun regime critically examine itself States about 15 months ago, I have made nuclear-armed ballistic missiles could place and then join in the national effort to re­ continuous efforts to help correct mistaken the United States arsenal above the agreed store democracy, we, the proponents of de­ limits of both the ratified SALT I treaty mocracy, will be ready to welcome it and United States Korean policy. I have contact­ ed leaders of the administration, the United and the unratified SALT II treaty with the work to prevent any type of political vendet­ States Congress, the media, academia, reli­ Soviets, the statement said. ta. gious communities, and various human U.S.-Soviet negotiations on a future stra­ Second, I want to speak to the United rights activist groups. This, I believe, is my tegic arms agreement have been stymied States government. In spite of our many dis­ greatest service to our people and a mission since December, when the Soviets refused to appointments about the United States that has been fatefully placed on my shoul­ set a date for a new round of talks following Korean policy, we give full credit to Presi­ ders. the deployment of new U.S. medium-range dent Reagan for his emphasis on democracy My efforts have been widely supported by missiles in Europe. and human rights, during his visit to Korea. Korean-Americans and have been based in Failure to continue observing the SALT I It should also be noted that the State De­ the demands put forward by my democratic and SALT II limits would be an even more partment's annual human rights reports compatriots. We can not let the United serious development which could eliminate have touched upon some of the fundamen­ States repeat its acquiescence to or support the remaining rules of restraint between the tal human rights issues in South Korea. of wanton acts of violence by some soldiers superpowers in the nuclear arms field. The Korean people, however, view the who would slaughter our people and democ­ Until now, according to the statement, the United States as fully supportive of the dic­ racy. My mission is to persuade the United United States has been dismantling enough tator and hold it responsible for Japan's co­ States to lend its hand of support to our older Polaris and Titan II missiles to stay operation with the dictatorship because long-cherished dream of a democratic within the limits agreed with the Soviets in they believe that Japan is merely following Korea. the 1972 SALT I treaty despite deployment in the footsteps of the United States. There My preoccupation is not with my own po­ of new U.S. missiles. This is in line with a have been many unfortunate incidents in litical future. My concern is my sense of policy of President Reagan that the United South Korea which are indicative of anti­ mission in the United States and how to be States will refrain from actions which "un­ Arnericanism. As I assess the flow of public most effective in pursuing it. My greatest dercut" strategic arms agreements so long opinion and the movements on college cam­ wish is to return home, to be able to again as the Soviet Union "shows equal restraint." puses of the past few months, I have to con­ stand shoulder to shoulder with my beloved Yesterday's statement laid the ground­ clude that the United States today faces a brothers and sisters in Korea. I sincerely work for possibly abandoning this position choice between the dictator and the Korean and humbly ask for the support of our allies by saying that "no decision need be taken at people. I call upon the United States gov­ and of my fellow Koreans now residing in this time" whether to continue to dismantle ernment to take necessary measures to re­ the United States and elsewhere.e older weapons when the seventh Trident store the confidence of the Korean people submarine is launched late n 1985. in the United States as the ally and support­ The statement noted that the unratified er of democracy and human rights just as WILL SALT SURVIVE PAST 1985? SALT II treaty, which Reagan opposed but its actions suggested during the April 19 he has not been "undercutting," would Student Revolution of 1960. expire in December, 1985, if it had been rati­ We are not requesting that the United HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES fied. States restore democracy for us but only OF MARYLAND "The United States will carefully evaluate that it change its attitude that has been IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES both the international situation and our either acquiescent or has resulted in sup­ Tuesday, April 24, 1984 own national security requirements" in de­ port for the military dictatorship since the ciding what to do about the future limita­ December 12, 1979 coup. The United States •Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, a few tions, the statement said. should make unequivocal its support for a weeks ago several newspapers carried The first indication that the administra­ democratic process and system in which the a report indicating that the Reagan tion was not determined to continue observ­ people can determine their future through administration might consider aban­ ing strategic arms limits came in testimony the vehicles of free speech, free press, and doning U.S. observance of the SALT I by Secretary of State George P. Shultz free elections. The United States, of course, Wednesday before a Senate Appropriations can not inter!ere with the internal politics and II agreements after the unratified subcommittee. of South Korea in an attempt to help re­ SALT II provisions expire in Decem­ Questioned about administration inten­ store democracy in Korea. It can, however, ber 1985. An administration official tions regarding the scheduled late 1985 Tri­ encourage the process of democratization by was quoted as saying that a determina­ dent launching, Shultz ducked a precise effectively using trade and aid as a leverage. tion would be based on the existing answer but said of the arms control limit, April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9763 "It's not forever, and that's as true for us as president, Dr. A. Zachary Yamba, the million of the population of the area oc­ it is for them."e downtown campus and the off-campus curred; and facilities serve well the needs of our di­ Whereas, the famine that occurred was not a punishment of God, nor caused by ESSEX COUNTY COLLEGE verse communities. The college pro­ nature, but was organized, engineered, and HERITAGE SYMPOSIUM vides an exciting academic experience master-minded by the Russian Communist for 6,000 full- and part-time students regime in Ukraine. and that destroyed whole villages and niversary of Essex County College. turned what was the most fertile black soil To increase awareness of ethnic into vast areas of desolate land; and identity, the day-long symposium will HON. JAMES F. McNULTY, JR. Whereas, the Russian Government re­ examine the history, culture, and liter­ OF ARIZONA fused to acknowledge the famine of 1932-34, ature of the county's early settlers and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and refused to allow aid programs estab­ the growth and development of its di­ Tuesday, April 24, 1984 lished in Europe to help the starving verse ethnic groups. These groups in­ Ukrainians, and is responsible for this man­ • Mr. MCNULTY. Mr. Speaker, I made famine. clude blacks, Hispanics, Jews, Anglo­ regret to report I was unable to be Therefore, the Council of the City of Saxons, Irish, Polish, Dutch, Scandi­ present in the House of Representa­ Philadelphia hereby urges the citizens of navians, Germans, Italians, Chinese, tives to record my vote on House Reso­ this country to join the Americans of Vietnamese, Ukranians, and Portu­ lution 485 and House Concurrent Res­ Ukrainian origin in mourning the victims of guese. olution 290, prohibiting funds to mine the 1932-34 famine, in commemorating the Featured presentations will be made Nicaraguan ports. An emergency in my fiftieth anniversary of this crime against by two prominent New Jersey histori­ district in southeastern Arizona re­ humanity, the man-made famine of Ukraine ans. Clement Alexander Price, director by the Russian Communist regime.e of the Graduate history program at quired my attention. Had I been able Rutgers University-Newark will ad­ to be present for the yote I would have dress "The Peopling of Essex County," voted in favor of the rule and in favor KNOWLEDGE VERSUS INFORMA­ from the mid-17th century to World of the House concurrent resolution. TION-THE LIBRARY IN OUR War I. Howard L. Green, research di­ I would hope the RECORD can reflect "INFORMATION" AGE rector of the New Jersey Historical these votes. Commission, will discuss "Social I thank you for your courtesy in this HON. TOM LANTOS matter.e Change in Essex County" from World OF CALIF:ORNIA War I to the present. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Others who will make keynote re­ COMMEMORATE THE marks are Peter Shapiro, Essex UKRAINIAN FAMINE OF 1933 Tuesday, April 24, 1984 County executive; Jerome ' Greco, •Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, our president of the Board of Chosen HON. WILLIAM H. GRAY III public libraries are one of this Nation's Freeholders, and Kenneth A. Gibson, OF PENNSYLVANIA most valuable resources. We have just mayor of Newark. commemorated National Library IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The sponsors of this ambitious ex­ Week. Although we have been quick to ploration of three centuries of cultural Tuesday, April 24, 1984 praise our libraries at this time, we in pluralism in Essex County are the •Mr. GRAY. Mr. Speaker, on Novem­ the Congress and many State and New Jersey Committee on the Human­ ber 17, 1983, the House passed House local officials throughout our Nation ities, a State program of the National Concurrent Resolution 111 commemo­ have been much slower in providing Endowment for the Humanities, and rating the Ukrainian famine of 1933, the necessary funds for the continued the 2-year college's multilingual out­ in which nearly 8 million innocent health of this important element of reach program, whose director is Ms. Ukrainian men, women, and children our educational and cultural infra­ Mila Salazar-Bruan. died of starvation or in places of penal structure. Cosponsors include Howard Savings exile as a result of the barbarous poli­ Americans are a book-reading Institutions, Midlantic Banks, the cies of the Soviet Russian Govern­ people, and our libraries are an impor­ Newark Public Library, New Jersey ment. tant source of the materials they read. Bell, the Port Authority of New York I strongly urge my colleagues in the The Book Industry Study Group re­ and New Jersey, Public Service Elec­ Senate to cosponsor and support cently released an extensive study of tric & Gas, National Association of Senate Concurrent Resolution 101, American reading habits. The propor­ Negro Business and Professional which is currently pending in the tion of Americans who read-56 per­ Women's Clubs, National Conference Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs. cent-has remained constant over the of Christians and Jews, the Portu­ I would also like to include in the last 6 years, despite the increased vari­ guese Sport Club of New Jersey and RECORD a resolution adopted by the ety and volume of competition for our the Ukrainian Congress Committee. council of the city of Philadelphia in time-home video games, video ar­ Mr. Speaker, I took part in the dedi­ support of this important legislation. cades, video recorders, and home com­ cation of Essex County College, and I CITY COUNCIL, CITY OF PHILADELPHIA, puters. Furthermore, among those am proud of the important role it has CITATION who do read books, the percentage of played in our community in its brief Whereas, Ukraine has experienced the heavy readers-those reading 26 or history. Under the leadership of its holocaust of 1932-34 in which a loss of 8 more books in a 6-month period-has 9764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 risen dramatically since 1978-from 18 STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN confronts the Democratic Party is to write a to 35 percent. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ realistic and responsible foreign policy plat­ Mr. Speaker, I regret that despite form which holds forth the hope of reduc­ ing the prospects for war and enhancing the these positive indications about Ameri­ HON. BARNEY FRANK possibilities for peace. cans' reading habits, however, we may OF MASSACHUSETTS This requires a foreign policy which ap­ not be keeping pace with the need and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proaches the problems that confront us pri­ demand for books and libraries. My Tuesday, April 24, 1984 marily in their national and regional con­ dear friend Daniel Boorstin, who is texts, rather than viewing them, as the the Librarian of Congress and an •Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, my col­ Reagan Administration does, almost exclu­ league and friend, Mr. SOLARZ from sively as a manifestation of the "evil em­ international scholar in his own right, New York, is well known in this body pire's" efforts to extend its sway over the made an important distinction be­ as a forceful advocate for a new for­ entire globe. tween information and knowledge in a eign policy. He recently spoke before It requires a foreign policy which pro­ speech at a White House Conference the Democratic Platform Committee, motes the cause of human rights by oppos­ on Library and Information Services. ing tyranny on the part of left and right of which I am a member. As always, wing governments, rather than a foreign The "information industry" has Mr. SOLARZ has offered us an astute policy, like the one we have now, which sup­ shown spectacular growth; it is the and insightful analysis of the· choices ports virtually every reactionary and repres­ latest example of American ingenuity, which face us, and I am sure that his sive regime that professes to be anti-commu­ enterprise, and the frontier spirit in views will be highly valued by the nist, while concentrating our criticism solely the late 20th century. A magic com­ other Members of this body. I ask that against the suppression of human rights by puter now accomplishes the dreariest his statement be entered into the the Soviet Union and its communist allies. And it also requires, above all else, a na­ tasks in seconds, surpasses the accura­ RECORD. Thank you. tional security policy in which the use of cy of the human brain, controls pro­ STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN STEPHEN J. force is a last resort, as preferred by most duction lines and refineries, arranges SOLARZ Americans, rather than a first resort, as pre­ inventories, and retrieves records. In his 1980 debate with President Carter, f erred by the Reagan Administration. But as Dr. Boorstin notes, "while in­ Ronald Reagan asked the American people Specifically, I believe that our platform an important question: "Are you better off should clearly call for the following major formation industry flourishes and than you were four years ago?" policy changes: seeks new avenues of growth, while In 1984, the Democratic Party should be In Central America, we should affirm our people compete to buy into them, our asking the American people a similar ques­ support of genuine negotiations by whole­ knowledge institutions go begging." tion: Is the world safer today, and is our heartedly endorsing the Contadora process, The reasons are clear. Knowledge in­ country more secure, than it was four years which represents the last best chance for stitutions, such as our libraries, do not ago? ending the escalating cycle of regional vio­ Posed in these terms, the answer can only lence, and a halt to those U.S. policies, such pay the kind of dividends that are re­ be an emphatic no. as quasi-permanent military exercises in flected on the stock market. They are In almost every corner of the globe, four Honduras, which run counter to the spirit sometimes called philanthropic, which years of Republican foreign policy have of the Contadora initiative. means that they profit nobody, except made the world a more dangerous place in We should also call for the termination of everybody, and that their dividends go which to live. the effort to overthrow the established Gov­ In Central America, where the Adminis­ ernment of Nicaragua by covert means, to the whole community. These knowl­ tration has sought military solutions to while also manifesting our disappointment edge institutions-and especially our what are essentially political problems, its over the betrayal of the democratic prom­ public libraries-ask charity, the com­ policies are leading us ineluctably toward ises of the Nicaraguan revolution and our munity's small change, just to keep the introduction of American combat forces desire for the establishment of a genuine their heat and their lights on, and to into El Salvador, and possibly Nicaragua as democracy in Nicaragua. keep their unrenovated doors open. well. And we should make clear our determina­ It In the Middle East, the collapse of our tion to link strictly any additional aid to El is a cliche of our time that this policy in Lebanon, and the failure of the Salvador to a cessation of the routine Nation needs an "informed citizenry," Administration to keep the peace process murder of innocent civilians by the Salva­ by which we mean citizens who are up going, has led to a situation where the clock doran security forces, and a willingness by on the latest information-who have has begun ticking on another Arab-Israeli the Government of El Salvador to enter read this week's news magazine, war, which could all too easily escalate into into a good faith and unconditional dialogue today's newspaper, and watched the 7 a superpower confrontation. with the opposition in an effort to end the In Africa, by pandering to the racist war through a political settlement of the o'clock news. Perhaps, as Dr. Boorstin regime in Pretoria, the Administration has conflict. suggests, what we need is a "knowl­ turned a deaf ear to the cries of 20 million In the Middle East, we should reaffirm edgeable citizenry" rather than an in­ black South Africans who are denied their our commitment to the Camp David peace formed one. Information, like enter­ most basic human rights, and, in the proc­ process, which has been virtually ignored by tainment, is something someone else ess, has alienated virtually all of black the Reagan Administration, by calling on Africa. Egypt to return to the autonomy negotia­ provides for us. We expect to be enter­ In Asia, we have compromised our long­ tions and live up to its obligations under the tained, we also expect to be informed. term strategic interest in a cooperative rela­ Camp David agreement by returning its Am­ We cannot be "knowledged." This we tionship with the peoples of the region, by bassador to Israel. must do for ourselves. This is the task appearing to embrace repressive regimes in We should also make clear our intention for which our libraries are uniquely the Philippines, South Korea, and Pakistan. to refrain from selling advanced American equipped and something the computer In Europe, the very foundations of the weaponry to those countries in the region NATO alliance have been shaken by the Ad­ that are not prepared to participate in the can never do for us. Knowledge comes ministration's inflammatory, anti-Soviet peace process. from "the free mind foraging in the rhetoric, and by its apparently greater inter­ In Asia, where our principles and interests rich pastures of the whole everywhere­ est in acquiring a nuclear war-fighting capa­ would be best be served by a greater respect past. It comes from finding order and bility than in negotiating mutually benefi­ for human rights, we should call for the res­ meaning in the whole human experi­ cial arms control agreements. toration of democracy in the Philippines, ence." In short libraries are as essen­ But perhaps most disturbing of all, our re­ the elimination of martial law on Taiwan, a lationship with the Soviet Union. upon return to freedom of speech and the press in tial in developing a knowledgeable citi­ which the future of our country and the South Korea, and the establishment of a zenry, and they are more essential world ultimately depends, has dangerously popularly elected government in Pakistan. than ever in our cwrent information deterioriated. At the same time, we should also reaffirm age.e In the face of a worsening international our sympathy and support for the heroic ef­ situation, much of which is attributable to forts of the Afghan freedom fighters to the counterproductive policies of the secure the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Reagan Administration, the challenge that their country, and for the efforts of the April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9765 decent and democratic Cambodian resist­ al security are prominent concerns of almost impossible to estimate. Not only are ance movements, such as the K.P.N.L.F., to a great many of us in Congress. We the official figures for programs such as MX secure the withdrawal of Vietnamese forces are faced with unprecedented in­ and B-1 suspect, in the light of history, but from Cambodia. creases in military expenditures and other programs, such as Midgetman, are yet In Africa, we should reject the Adminis­ to be defined. Costs for dual-purpose system tration's rapprochement with racism, by questionable assertions by the admin­ such as bombers and cruise missiles are dif­ making it unmistakably clear that we are istration that our national security is ficult to allocate rationally and many sup­ opposed to the apartheid system and every­ being strengthened correspondingly. porting costs are swept under the rug. But a thing it stands for. Certainly, many experts have made total savings of $200 billion over five years The choice that confronts us in South noteworthy and valuable proposals from dropping these new strategic nuclear Africa is not, as the Administration has said, and evaluations of the defense budget. systems seems not unreasonable. between black and white. It is a choice be­ Recently, the Wall Street Journal car­ There are, in addition, enormous costs for tween justice and injustice, between right so-called tactical nuclear systems such as and wrong, between decency and indecency. ried an article by Adm. Noel Gayler in neutron weapons, anti-aircraft weapons, The Democratic Party should make clear which the admiral contributes a lucid anti-submarine weapons and anti-ballistic that we intend to repudiate racism in South analysis of military weapons programs missile warheads. These programs, of vary­ Africa, by deed as well as by word, through and their relationship to our national ing vagueness, have in common a voracious the establishment of effective sanctions security. I insert the article into the appetite for money and a total absence of against South Africa until such time as CONGRESSIONAL RECORD and urge my rationale. apartheid is abolished. colleagues to read it: For example, for the Navy to start a nu­ In Europe, we should call for policies de­ clear war at sea by using nuclear depth OK, MR. PRESIDENT, HERE ARE SOME BIG signed to strengthen the alliance-the unity charges against submarines would be an act of which is a necessary condition for the MILITARY CUTS of supreme folly. The Soviets would surely preservation of peace. (By Noel Gayler) retaliate. But we are the side that depends To this end, we should propose initiatives President Reagan has directly challenged on big ships, both naval and commercial. to revive the INF and START talks, includ­ the Democrats to " ... say what they would One nuclear weapon destroys one ship, ing the "Walk in the Woods" formula, as a eliminate in the Defense budget, and how whatever its size. In addition, subsurface way of convincingly demonstrating to our much money that would then save, and we detonation of a nuclear weapon would blank European allies our genuine commitment to could study and see what that would do to out sound detection in entire areas of ocean. meaningful arms control agreements. our national security." This is a most wel­ Nuclear antiaircraft missiles, if used, would Last, but not least, we must give high pri­ come approach, far preferable to Caspar blind all friendly fighter pilots in the air. As ority to repairing our relationship with the Weinberger's "Christmas tree" budget and one who was a fighter pilot for many years. Soviet Union. subsequent stonewalling. The president I am sure that pilots would be quite unwill­ While continuing to make those improve­ seems to suggest that we can, in fact, evalu­ ing to fly in that environment. Never mind ments in our own forces, both conventional ate defense monies the sensible way: See arm-waving about identifying friend from and strategic, which are necessary in order what it is we have to be able to do, then pro­ foe. Those of us who have been shot at by to enhance deterrence, we should also make cure and support the means required to do "friendly" forces know just how reliable it clear to the Soviet Union that we are will­ it. that is! ing to end the madness of a never-ending The good news is that we can cut the de­ The list of misguided nuclear programs arms race by negotiating mutually benefi­ fense budget significantly and improve our seems endless: "advanced" cruise missiles, cial arms control agreements. Here we security-both, at the same time. With mir­ "advanced" air-to-surface missiles, anti-sub­ should call for the immediate establishment rors? No. By more rhetoric about "Pentagon marine warfare standoff weapons, a new of a mutual and verifiable nuclear arms waste, fraud and abuse"? No. The Pentagon "tactical" bomb. freeze, the ratification of the already signed is, to its credit, once more taking vigorous These inexplicable programs seem to stem SALT II, threshold test ban and peaceful action in this area, and the really big bucks less from ideology and even mistaken mili­ nuclear explosion treaties, and the prompt are not there anyway. By "trimming the tary analysis than from technological push: resumption of negotiations for a compre­ fat"-cuts across the board?" No. This is a . If it can be built, build it. The high security hensive test ban treaty. popular way to avoid decisions and responsi­ classification accorded most nuclear-weap­ In order to facilitate a rapid breakthrough bility. To cut across the board results in pro­ ons programs has served to keep the rele­ in the arms control negotiations, and to set grams that are late and unnecessarily ex­ vant staff work in the hands of a small and the stage for a general reduction in tensions pensive, in troops untrained, in supplies ne­ self-perpetuating group, a sort of nuclear between the United States and the Soviet glected, in morale shattered by neglect of mafia. Common-sense concerns about the Union, we should indicate that a Democrat­ people. boomerang consequences of these weapons ic President will seek a U.S.-Soviet summit The immediate way to cut defense and im­ get short shrift. meeting during the first year of his Admin­ prove our security is to cut of the useless, So there we have it. Nine new strategic istration, and annually thereafter. dangerous and inordinately expensive new nuclear-weapons systems, and an unknown In the context of the improvement in nuclear-weapons programs-root and but large number of new "tactical" nuclear U.S.-Soviet relations, which such an ap­ branch. Not many people realize that we developments. Seventeen thousand new nu­ proach would make possible, we should have no fewer than nine new nuclear­ clear warheads programmed, plus new pro­ make it clear that we fully intend to use our weapon programs-with strategic capabili­ duction facilities for nuclear weapons mate­ influence on behalf of the cause of human ties currently in development or early pro­ rial. Total program savings for strategic and rights in the Soviet Union in general, and of duction. What are they? Three kinds of tactical weapons-were they to be eliminat­ the right of Soviet Jews to emigrate from cruise missiles (ground-launced, sea­ ed-from $225 billion to something much the Soviet Union in particular. launched, air-launched); two kinds of strate­ larger. A foreign policy plank based on these gic bombers CB-1 and Stealth); two kinds of Then we have Star Wars. This invocation principles and proposals would constitute a intercontinental ballistic missiles

31-059 0-87-36 (Pt. 7) 9772 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 A TRIBUTE TO MR. DANIEL W. trial. The first U.S. soldier has been killed 1. Immediately withdraw all troops and HOGAN, JR. by guerillas; regrettably, others will certain­ weapons from Grenada. ly follow. 2. Withdraw its fleet from the coast of In Nicaragua, our government is financ­ Nicaragua and end all exercises involving HON.EDWARDJ.MARKEY ing, arming, and providing leadership for U.S. combat troops in the region. OF MASSACHUSETTS exile groups seeking to overthrow the recog­ 3. End all aid and support, open or covert, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nized government. Last summer, the U.S. for attempts to destabilize or overthrow the positioned two battle fleets off the coast of government of Nicaragua. Tuesday, April 24, 1984 the country and sent some four thousand 4. Adhere strictly to the requirements of •Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise troops to Honduras as a thinly veiled mili· the War Powers Resolution governing the today to bring to the attention of my tary threat to the Nicaraguan government. commitment of U.S. armed forces anywhere This policy is contrary to domestic and in Central America. colleagues an outstanding educator international law: from my district, Mr. Daniel W. 5. Pursue a negotiated settlement to the The introduction of U.S. armed forces into present conflicts in the region. In particu­ Hogan, Jr., of Stoneham. As the retir­ hostilities or into an area where there is im· lar, the administration should pursue recent ing superintendent of the Stoneham minent danger of hostilities requires the proposals which would result in the with· Public Schools, Mr. Hogan has demon­ President to report such action to Congress, drawal of all outside aid and military advi­ strated a commitment to education and to remove those troops within 60 days sors to the countries in Central America. and excellence that makes all who unless Congress specifically approves. Presi­ The memory, the losses, the anguish of know him proud. dent Reagan has not done so with respect to Vietnam continue to weigh heavily on this El Salvador, in violation of the War Powers nation. We all have an obligation to insure During his 37 years of public service Resolution, 50 U.S.C. § 1541. et seq. in education and 15 years as superin­ that such a tragedy is not repeated. Our The administration's support for armed best hope is to see that American foreign tendent, Dan Hogan has excelled at troops invading Nicaragua violates the ex­ policy is guided by our commitment to de­ every level of the education system. press terms of Articles 2 and 33 of the mocracy and human rights under the Con­ He worked his way up from a teacher­ United Nations Charter, Articles 15, 16, 17 stitution and international law. coach to superintendent of schools. He and 18 of the Charter of the Organization Signed, knows the education system from the of American States, and Articles 1 and 2 of Barbara Bailey, Denise J. Baker, Michael the Rio Treaty of 1949, all of which are Barba, Linda S. Battistini, Michael P. classroom to the administrative of­ binding upon the United States and prohibit fices. This unique background gave Berger, Harold Berk, Jocelyn Block, Amelia military aggression or any other type of in­ H. Boss, Ellen Boylan, Dennis D. Brogan, Dan Hogan the ability to perform as a terference in the affairs of other sovereign Donald S. Bronstein. well-qualified school administrator. I states. It further violates our own Neutrali­ Donna L. Calame, Michael J. Carroll, want to commend Dan Hogan for his ty Act, 18 U.S.C. § 960. Anne Chiarello, Bruce G. Conley, Regina M. distinguished years of service and I United States support for the government Coyne, Elaine DeMasse, Karen Detamore, tell my colleagues that we would be of El Salvador violates Section 502B of the Diane V. Elliot, Jules Epstein, Daniel J. Far­ Foreign Assistance Act, 22 U.S.C. § 2304, fortunate if there were more Dan which prohibits security assistance to gov­ rell, Janet L. Fayter. Hogans in education today.e ernments which engage in a consistent pat­ Carmen M. Garcia, Paul M. George, Terry tern of gross violations of internationally J. Green, Daniel Halevy, Florice Hoffman, recognized human rights. Barbara C. Joseph, David Kairys, June PHILADELPHIA AREA LAWYERS Althoqgh the Reagan adminstration pro­ Kapler, Ira Jay Katz, Jay S. Koplove, Jerry OPPOSED TO REAGAN'S CEN­ fesses to support negotiations, it has consist­ Kristal. · TRAL AMERICAN POLICY ently favored military options in a futile Phyllis H. Allen, Karl Baker, Richard S. effort to resolve political disputes by brute Bank, Deane Bartlett, Susan Baturin, Susan force. As these conflicts escalate, law and Bergin, Marc Bookman, Shara Bothwell, HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER reason are among the first casualties. Bradley Bridge, Margaret R. Brogan. OF PENNSYLVANIA The recklessness and danger of our Tersa M. Burzynski, Catherine C. Carr, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES present policy is underscored by the recent Ellen M. Casey, Roger S. Clark, Bernadette Coughlin, Rosalie Davies, Rosemary J. Tuesday, April 24, 1984 invasion of Grenada by 6,000 U.S. troops. No serious evidence has been produced to Dempsey, Karen E. Dicks, Russel S. Endo, e Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, substantiate administration assertions that Sabrina Sigal Falls, David Faye. more and more Americans are begin­ American citizens were in danger or that William Galvin, Joseph P. Gavin, Jr., ning to realize the folly of the Reagan the Grendian government posed an immi· Steven Goldman, Janet H. Greenlee, Julie administration's foreign policy, par­ nent threat to other countries in the Carib· Hall, Marilyn T. Jamain, James L. Kahn, bean. The invasion in fact violates numer­ Ilene Kalman, Harold Katz, Kathleen E. ticularly in Central America. I would ous treaties to which the United States is a Kitson, Andrew T. Lamas. like to share with my colleagues the party. The General Assembly of the U.N. Carol Finkelstein Laskin, Jack Levine, following statement signed by over 120 condemned the invasion, and a similar reso­ Theodore M. Lieverman, Benjamin G. members of the Philadelphia area lution was prevented from passing in the Se­ Lipman, Phillip M. Lord, Bruce M. Ludwig, legal community which eloquently ex­ curity Council only by a United States veto. Patrick J. Mandracchia, Bernard J. McFad­ presses their opinion of current Ameri­ Aside from the inherent illegality of the in· den, Patricia Mcinerney, Carol McNeill. can foreign policy in that region. vasion, it can only further encourage armed Margarita Navarro-Rivera, Gail L. New­ conflict in Central America. bold, Linda A. Peyton, Jean E. Purnell, STATEMENT ON U.S. POLICY IN CENTRAL We are guided by the lessons of Vietnam, Claire Rauscher, Kathleen Ridolfi, Nina AMERICA which remind us that no amount of aid or Rossi, David Rudovsky, Wayne Sachs, Eliza­ As members of the legal community, we troops can substitute for popular support beth A. Savitt. believe that American foreign policy must for a government. We also remember that Karl Schwartz, Julie Shapiro, Robert A. be governed by the same respect for law and an undeclared war, costing billions of dol­ Sloan, C. S. Strickler, Jr., Jacqueline fundamental human rights that we expect lars and thousands of lives, can begin with a Thompson, Philip H. Troxler, David W. of our government at home. few military advisors and the unwillingness Webber, Solomon Weinstein, Alan L. Recent events convince us that the to let people in other countries shape their Yatrin. present administration is moving the nation own history. Finally, we recall all too well Frank Ledahawsky, Cathy J. Levine, Gail inexorably into armed conflict in Central how easily covert wars abroad can become Lopez-Henriquez, Harry Lore, Holly Magui­ America by pursuing a policy which is ille­ overt attacks on civil liberties and political gan, Angela Martinez, Kay McGahen, Reed gal, improper, and dangerous. rights here at home. McManigle, Paul Messing. In El Salvador, the United States contin­ In making this statement, we take no posi­ Mary Beth Neilson, Robert E. Paul, Lisa ues to send arms, military advisors and eco­ tion in favor of the guerillas in El Salvador Ellen Price, Luisa Ragonese, Peter Reilly, nomic support to a government known or the policies of the government in Nicara­ Peter Rossi, Samuel A. Rossitto, Steven R. internationally for its contempt for human gua or Grenada. We are concerned only that Sachs, Ellen Samel. rights. The wanton killing of civilians by the policies of our own government should Henry W. Sawyer, III, Mark Scott-Ledley, right-wing death squads actually increased conform to the requirements of law and jus­ John E. Shields, Jr., Jenny Steinen, Phyllis in the first six months of 1983. After three tice. H. Subin, Michael B. Tolcott, Kevin Walker, years, the soldiers accused of murdering 4 We therefore call upon our government to Laura Gardner Webster, Janet R. Wintner, American churchwomen have yet to stand take the following steps immediately: Suzanne J. Young.e April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9773 TESTIMONY OF SOL M. The crisis in Central America has deep­ whether we measure it by the amount of LINOWITZ BEFORE THE HOUSE ened dramatically in the past year. The civil U.S. military assistance provided to the gov­ FOREIGN OPERATIONS SUB­ war in El Salvador his intensified, with the ernment, the participation of U.S. advisors result that the number of casualties and the in training the Salvadoran armed forces, or COMMITTEE amount of destruction have increased the reported role of the United States in sharply. The election of several weeks ago military intelligence-gathering. HON. DAVID R. OBEY confirms the Salvadoran people's continu­ In just the past few weeks, it has been re­ OF WISCONSIN ing desire for democracy and an end to vio­ ported in the press that U.S. personnel are lence, but offers little prospect of ending flying intelligence missions over El Salvador IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that nation's fratricidal conflict. from Honduras, and that U.S. ground troops Tuesday, April 24, 1984 Nicaragua has continued its military have been sent to the border between El buildup, raising an army 50,000 strong, caus­ Salvador and Honduras to act as a "back­ •Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, Thursday, ing understandable alarm among its neigh­ stop" for Salvadoran military operations April 12, former Ambassador Sol bors. Attacks on Nicaragua by counter-revo­ across the border. Linowitz testified before the House lutionary groups based in Honduras and The problems of El Salvador are deeply Foreign Operations Appropriations Costa Rica have become broader and more rooted in the social, economic and political Subcommittee on administration's destructive. The recent mining of Nicaragua history of that nation. No U.S. Administra­ policy in Central America. In addition ports has introduced a dangerous new inter­ tion is responsible for the crisis that exists to serving as special negotiator for the national dimension to the conflict by plac­ today. Although the United States might Middle East, Mr. Linowitz chaired a ing in jeopardy the shipping of nations out­ have taken actions in the past that would side the region. have ameliorated the problems that have recent highly distinguished interna­ Honduras has become a virtual armed now become acute, responsibility for failing tional commission which made signifi­ camp, and its embryonic civilian democracy to do so must be shared by several Adminis­ cant recommendations concerning the is in danger of being overwhelmed by huge trations, Republican and Democrat alike. problem of Central America in general amounts of militry assistance. The United It is my firm belief that the course we are and El Salvador in particular. States, meanwhile, has conducted military currently on will not resolve the problems Ambassador Linowitz's testimony training exercises of unprecedented size and of the region and will not bring us either clearly indicates that resistance on the duration for this part of the world off the peace or security. If we are to find an ap­ part of thoughtful people to adminis­ Nicaraguan coast and on the territory of proach that will successfully secure the real Honduras. Regardless of intent, they raise interests we have at stake in Central Amer­ tration policy in Central America is the spectre in Central America, and ica, we must rethink the difficult problems not based on a lack of recognition of throughout Latin America, of possible U.S. we face there. the area's importance to the United intervention, or of prolonged U.S. military I believe that the United States does have States. It is, rather, based on a con­ involvement. These fears are reinforced by a security interest in Central America. I be­ cern that the policy is so poorly reports that substantial U.S. military facili­ lieve we share with our neighbors in the thought through that in the words of ties are being constructed in Honduras. Hemisphere an interest in preventing the Mr. Linowitz it will, in the end, "give In Guatemala, another military coup has extension of Soviet and Cuban military us neither peace nor security." I urge done nothing to stop the internal bleeding force into the region. Similarly, we have an of that country. Even democratic Costa Rica interest in assuring that no nation in the my colleagues to read Mr. Linowitz's now fears it may be drawn into the regional Hemisphere contributes to the subversion of statement: maelstrom. its neighbors. TESTIMONY OF SOL M. LINOWITZ BEFORE THE Here in the United States, the debate over We also have an important interest in re­ HOUSE FOREIGN OPERATIONS SUBCOMMITTEE how we should respond to the Central versing the current trend toward escalating Mr. Chairman, Members of the Subcom­ American crisis has grown more heated. The military conflict and tension in Central mittee: I appreciate the opportunity to Congress has been reluctant to endorse the America. Peace is an essential precondition appear before you today to discuss the con­ Administration's proposals for sharp in­ for economic recovery, not to speak of flicts in Central America and what the creases in military and economic assistance future development. War, or the threat of United States might do to facilitate an early without a clearer sense of the direction of war, diverts scarce resources from the press­ and peaceful end to the bloody struggles our overall policy. The recommendations of ing needs of the economy. In both Nicara­ going on there. the Kissinger Commission contain some im­ gua and El Salvador, economic growth has Last year, the former President of Ecua­ portant proposals, but they do not chart a been crippled by the destruction of econom­ dor and Secretary General of the OAS, Galo different course and have failed to achieve ic infrastructure built up over many years. Plaza, and I were co-chairmen of an Inter­ the bipartisan consensus sought. Moreover, the escalation of conflict offers American Dialogue-a group of about 50 The one bright spot in the Central Ameri­ opportunities for the growth of Cuban and business, government, academic, political can picture is the significant movement to­ Soviet influence. Their comparative advan­ and Church leaders from Latin America, the wards peace that has been achieved by the tage is in providing the weapons of war, not Caribbean, Canada and the United States. efforts of the Contadora nations-Mexico, in providing the resources or models for Our group included people of different po­ Venezuela, Colombia and Panama. They peaceful economic development. litical tendencies, professional backgrounds, have met often among themselves and with And finally, we have an interest in seeing cultures and generations-people of respon­ representatives of the nations of Central the emergence in Central America of gov­ sibility and stature in their home countries. America, and have achieved agreement in ernments willing to address the basic social We met several times in working groups and principle on a broad spectrum of economic, and economic concerns of the majority of plenary sessions over a period of six months. political and security issues. These agree­ their citizens. Such governments offer the Last April, we released a report, The Ameri­ ments must now be translated into formal, only real guarantee of long-term peace and cas at a Crossroads, reflecting the results of verifiable agreements-no easy task. stability. our discussions. Part of our report was on But the progress the Contadora govern­ With these objectives firmly in mind, I be­ the crisis in Central America. We empha­ ments have made has been considerable, lieve we can define basic principles to guide sized the danger that its intense civil con­ and their efforts deserve the active support our policy towards El Salvador and towards flicts could escalate and spread, drawing of everyone who seeks a peaceful solution to the rest of Central America. other nations, including the United States, the regional conflict. We should make it clear to Cuba and the into more direct involvement. The search for an early and peaceful end Soviet Union that the United States will not Last month the Inter-American Dialogue to the conflict in El Salvador is, in many accept their deployment of combat forces, reconvened for a second round of discus­ ways, one of the most difficult tasks within or establishment of military bases anywhere sions. We are now in the process of prepar­ the broader search for peace and security in in Central America or the Caribbean. ing a new report to be released in mid-May. Central America. At stake in this conflict is We should give strong and active assist­ Once again, Central America will be one of nothing less than the future course of Sal­ ance to the efforts of the Contadora nations the major issues upon which we focus. vadoran society and politics. The contend­ to facilitate an agreement among the Cen­ I am here today to share with you my per­ ing parties are not easily drawn to compro­ tral American nations that would ban for­ sonal views on the situation in Central mise. eign troops and bases from the area, and America, and El Salvador in particular. But Like many others, I have become increas­ would limit the number of foreign military I would be remiss if I did not note that my ingly concerned about the situation in El advisors. views have been much informed by the ex­ Salvador and in the region generally. Over We should recommit ourselves to the prin­ tended discussions our Dialogue conducted the past few years, U.S. involvement in the ciple of non-intervention, overt or covert, as around these difficult issues. Salvadoran conflict has grown substantially, we call upon others to do the same. Here, 9774 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 too, we should actively support efforts of 200th anniversary of the Constitution. That not accompanied by some undefined level of the Contadora nations to facilitate verifia­ will be one of the great milestones in the domestic spending cuts. I can only say that ble agreements limiting the armed forces history of democracy. such a veto would rank very high on the and armaments of each Central American The Constitution has proven to be a great scale of unwise and counterproductive ac­ nation and prohibiting any nation from as­ and enduring plan of government. It has tions and I cannot believe that Ronald sisting insurgents fighting against a neigh­ provided this nation with the means to grow Reagan would do such a thing. boring government. and change to meet new challenges. Today I The total result of our deficit reduction In El Salvador there is little prospect of a would like to discuss three of the major effort is $182 billion over three years. More military victory. The continued pursuit of it challenges ahead. would have been better, and I fully agree will serve only to prolong the stalemate, I also want to issue a challenge to the with Paul Volcker that about $50 billion in deepening the war and spreading it to American press corps. fiscal 1985 would have been economically neighboring countries. The toll in death and In 1981, major battles were fought in desirable, compared to the $30 billion we destruction will mount, as will the danger of Washington-and particularly in the Con­ were able to achieve in the first year. a regional conflagration. If the government gress-over the shape and substance of gov­ However, I believe we put together close of El Salvador wants continued U.S. assist­ ernment. It is my belief that those battles to the maximum package which the U.S. ance, it should be prepared to make a real were covered more as sports events than as Congress can pass this year and which the and concerted effort to enter into discus­ substantive issues determining the social President will sign into law. sions with the opposition with the aim of and economic future of this nation. This assumes that the Senate will pull reaching a negotiated end to the war. The The challenge I see for the press is this. itself together, perhaps talk a little less Salvadoran people have the right to choose Throughout this election campaign and about what it plans to do, and get some­ their own leaders through open, democratic through the critical first year of the next thing done. The House has shown itself ca­ elections. But all the contending parties presidency, you must focus the debate on pable of effective action, and the Senate should be assured that these elections will substance. You must force the candidates to must do the same. Granted, the Republican be conducted in an atmosphere free of coer­ face up to the major issues before this majority in the Senate faces a tough choice cion, and open to free debate on the full nation and you must force them to declare between fair, effective and realistic budget­ range of issues. All parties have the right to how they intend to deal with those issues. ing on one hand and loyalty to a Republican be assured that the elections will be free You can present this nation with no President on the other. But I trust in the from fraud, and that their results will be ac­ better gift than shaping this election in end they will put national interest above cepted. such a way that on our 200th anniversary election year politics and produce an honest It is impossible to establish such condi­ we will have a president and a Congress budget. tions so long as the apparatus of the death equipped to solve the complex problems That was the good news. The bad news is squads remains intact, and so long as the now facing us. that the $182 billion reduction package, by regular security forces of El Salvador con­ As to the budget, I have the distinct im­ coincidence, will lead to a 1987 deficit of tinue their pattern of human rights viola­ pression that many of my friends in the $182 billion under the budget we have tions without fear of punishment. A sub­ press are near the level of overdosing on passed. That assumes steady economic stantial improvement in the Salvadoran deficit stories. For you, I fear, there is no growth. government's regard for human rights is comfort, no solace, no respite. You and I are What our recent actions have done is take therefore a necessary precondition for sig­ fated, like Sisyphus, to keep rolling the defi­ the Titanic which was moving full speed nificant progress towards peace. cit rock up the hill for some more years to ahead through the fog and order that look­ We should make clear to the government come. outs be posted and speed slowed. We still of El Salvador that we will not continue an To begin at the beginning, under policies open-ended military commitment. The have important personages aboard who United States should use its substantial le­ in effect on January l, 1981, the deficit in prefer to drink champagne and waltz while verage with the Salvadoran government to fiscal 1987 would have been $39 billion. ignoring the danger ahead. We still have advance the prospects for peace. We should Under the policies put in place under massive momentum carrying us toward dis­ not expect miracles. There is no quick or Ronald Reagan and in effect on January 1, aster. easy solution. But if we are united in our 1984, the deficit in fiscal 1987 would be $248 But we have bought ourselves a little own commitment to reducing the violence in billion. time, a little breathing room, a chance to the short term and to assisting the long­ What we have done in the House of Rep­ save ourselves. term development of El Salvador, I believe resentatives in recent days is make an effort We have done this largely by using baling that we can assist the Salvadoran people in to staunch the bleeding and avoid the full­ wire and chewing gum to hold together a their search for peace and justice.e scale collapse of the U.S. economy and with machine that is dangerously close to falling it the world economic system as we know it apart. In the 99th Congress we must put today. aside emergency repairs and turn to major DEFICITS: CHALLENGES AHEAD The House, I contend with some degree of structural reform. pride, has been able to put in place, and will The tax system, the military system, and be able to enforce, a deficit reduction pro­ the health care system must be reformed. HON. W. G. (BILL) HEFNER gram far larger than most observers would It is, I will propose, a major responsibility OF NORTH CAROLINA have deemed possible at the beginning of of the press during this campaign year to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this year. force all candidates to focus on these key Tuesday, April 24, 1984 The House, with the votes of 229 Demo­ areas. Genuine reform will be so controver­ crats and 21 Republicans, has acted with sial and so difficult that it can only be exe­ e Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, the commendable responsibility. cuted successfully with firm leadership from House has acted with dispatch and re­ We have moved to cut domestic spending a president and bipartisan action by Con­ sponsibility this year on the grave by $17 billion over the next three years, gress. problem of Federal deficits. But much, continuing the slowing of expenditures in The candidates, all of them, should be much more remains to be done in the this area. And just as important, we did it forced to commit themselves in these areas while protecting the poor and the needy, so that the electorate can judge on sub­ months and years ahead. and providing real growth in safety net pro­ stance. Side issues should not divert our at­ House Budget Committee Chairman grams. tention. JAMES R. JONES of Oklahoma recently On defense, we have moved to reduce Ronald Reagan demonstrated in 1981 that addressed the Washington Press Club spending by $95 billion from the level an active president with a cooperative Con­ on the challenges we have yet to meet. sought by the Pentagon. We have proposed gress can make dramatic changes in public The gentleman from Oklahoma has 1987 defense outlays of $304 billion, com­ policy. I believe that many of the changes provided splendid leadership to this pared to $134 billion in 1980 and $234 billion executed in 1981 were wrong. Indeed, those body as we have attempted to deal in 1984. Defense spending increases, while actions are responsible for the fiscal mess still large, would be brought under control, we are in today. But President Reagan did with national fiscal policy. reduced to a level where the Defense De­ lay to rest the theory that nothing can be His thoughts on what lies ahead partment has an opportunity to spend its done. should be studied carefully by us all. billions efficiently. Unfortunately, since that time, the Presi­ DEFICITS: CHALLENGES AHEAD On revenues, we have acted to raise an ad­ dent has played a relatively inactive role Washington Press Club Members, Ladies ditional $49 billion, a level to which all par­ and few major initiatives have occurred. and Gentlemen: ties have agreed. There is one potential A new window of opportunity will exist in The next president of the United States problem here, and that is President Rea­ 1985. The American people are crying out will be the leader of this nation on the gan's threat to veto this tax increase if it is for tax reform. The American people are April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9775 ahead of the Washington establishment in must identify and prioritize areas of the surround the White House and demand knowing in their bones that the military world that are vital to U.S. interest and action. needs overhaul. And the threat of trust which we must be capable of helping to The present system is beyond repair. It fund bankruptcy tells us all that something defend. fails in its purpose of raising adequate reve­ must be done about health care. Our defense programs should follow from nue. It fails in its purpose of promoting eco­ Let's concentrate most heavily today on the requirements of our foreign policy. nomic efficiency. It fails in its purpose of the military. I do not intend to downplay They should be consistent with our allies fairly distributing the burden of taxes. the importance of foreign policy in this and economically affordable. There are numerous options available-a area. American foreign policy is in danger­ We must ensure that our military services value-added tax; a national sales tax; a per­ ous disarray and confusion, and this too set priorities guided by that clearly defined sonal consumption tax; a progressive, broad­ must be a major focus of the election deci­ policy. based income tax. sion. But this failure is not so much struc­ We must reassert civilian control of the Each option has problems. Every option tural as it is the result of the personal fail­ military ensuring adequate decision making will be subject to attack, but in the end we ures of the persons involved. review by the civilian executives in the must choose. Even the finest military organization will office of Secretary of Defense and the I will be happy to take questions on all of be inadequate under the sort of policies to Office of Management and Budget. these subjects, but let me tell you now that which we are now committed, nevertheless, We must establish and stick to an afford­ I have not reached final conclusions in the we must move toward a major military able long-term defense funding profile. This health and tax areas. Now that the main reform. will require the Pentagon to set priorities budget battles for this year are over, my full Why? What is wrong with our present de­ and move effectively and efficiently to attention will be on these subjects and the fense establishment? manage its available resources. results will eventually be available through Here is a list. We must totally overhaul our procure­ the University of Illinois Press. Our defense policy, which should be uti­ ment process and build more competition in Here are three great areas requiring struc­ lized to support , would reduce the benefits and restricted total monthly allot­ earn and still remain eligible for benefits. payment to states by 3% a year only ments of the stamps to 99% of the Agricul­ Even where the income is low enough to through fiscal 1987. The committee esti­ ture Dept.'s "thrifty food" budget. The com­ preserve eligibility, the combination of mates a $1.2 billion saving over three years. bined effect of these changes, Administra­ wages and federal payout may leave the re­ Under either plan, the states would get only tion officials say, was to make certain that cipient worse off than she had been, jobless, $97 for each $100 they would have received only the truly poor qualify for food stamps under prior law. under prior law. and that the level of benefits is just barely Other AFDC changes require the income FROZEN FEES enough to provide adequate nutrition for of stepparents to be included in calculating beneficiaries. In fact, benefits are more The states fiercely oppose the latest pro­ gross family income and restrict recipients likely to be increased this year than to be to $1,000 in assets (after limited exclusions posals because they would put tremendous cut. Reagan's own hunger commission rec­ pressure on them either to reduce services for housing and automobiles). According to ommended that the maximum benefit level the Health & Human Services Dept., these or to further restrict eligibility. At a Febru­ be restored to 100% of the thrifty food plan. ary meeting in Washington, members of the changes eliminated 408,000 families from National Governors' Assn. lobbied the MILK MONEY the rolls and reduced benefits to 299,000 White House and Congress hard in an effort The only serious proposal to cut food more. to stop the cuts. Instead of reductions, the stamp costs that is still on the table is the Given this history, it is not surprising that states want to be given greater flexibility to Administration's call to trim administrative few see much room for additional cuts. The change the medicaid program at the state costs by imposing additional penalties on Administration has proposed that requiring level. states that make excessive errors in deter­ AFDC recipients capable of work to perform Some flexibility already exists. The 1981 mining benefit levels and eligibility, saving public service in exchange for their bene­ law gave the states increased discretion to $503 million in fiscal 1985. Because these fits-an option given to states in the last define eligibility and use innovative cost­ cuts would come from the federal payments two years-be made mandatory, with a pos­ cutting techniques. California, for example, to the states for administering the program, sible savings of $171 million in 1985. began negotiating fees with hospitals for they would not directly affect beneficiaries. In addition, the Administration wants the medicaid instead of reimbursing hospitals But critics charge that the proposed error­ power to withhold overdue child-support directly for their costs. North Carolina froze rate standards are unreasonable and that, in payments from the paychecks of absent fa­ physicians' fees, set up prospective reim­ any event, reducing the funds that are avail­ thers whose families collect welfare. But bursement for hospitals, and eliminated de­ able for program administration is likely to this would raise less than $40 million. Large pendent members of poor families aged 19 increase-not reduce-errors. additional cuts are impossible because the to 21 from medicaid coverage. "We really Larger savings are possible in other nutri­ primary beneficiaries of the program are had to put on the brakes," says Barbara D. tion programs, particularly school lunches, children who have no other means of sup­ Matula, North Carolina's medicaid director which benefit the middle class as well as the port. "We tend to focus too much attention and chair of the state medicaid Directors poor. The CBO estimates that $310 million on the adult recipient who 'ought to be out Assn. "We just didn't have $20 million to re­ a year could be saved by 1989 by eliminating there working,'" says David P. Racine, di­ place lost federal funds." While preliminary all subsidies to schools for providing meals rector of government and social policy for results of the experments are encouraging, to students whose family incomes exceed the American Public Welfare Assn., which experts believe it is much too early to judge 185% of the poverty level. And almost every­ represents state welfare administrators. their effectiveness. one except Congress agrees that the special LITTLE HELP But the biggest cost problems in medicaid milk program, which provides subsidized No such moral judgments color the debate are mostly beyond the reach of the states. milk to schools that do not participate in over the government's other major cash The elderly, the chronically ill, and the the school lunch program, could be elimi­ support program, Supplemental Security mentally retarded make up only one-quarter nated for a saving of almost $20 million a Income. SSI is the program of last resort for of the population eligible for medicaid, but year. the elderly, physically and mentally handi­ they account for two-thirds of the pro­ HOUSING SUBSIDIES capped, and blind who have no other signifi­ gram's cost. Some 50% of the nation's grow­ The one area of the welfare budget other cant source of income. The program, which ing nursing home population has its ex­ than medicaid whose cost seems to be rising costs about $4 billion a year, has such rigid penses paid, fully or in part, by medicaid, rapidly is housing assistance, but here the qualification requirements and provides so States were given limited authority in 1981 budget data are seriously misleading. Be­ low a level of support-the average monthly to provide medical services for the infirm el­ cause of the nature of budget acco'unting, benefit per person is under $100-that it was derly in their homes rather than in costly much of the $11 billion in outlays planned left largely untouched by the 1981 cuts. In institutions, and 30 states have adopted for fiscal 1985 actually reflects the cost of fact, some benefits were increased last year. such programs. The federal government subsidized housing built during the 1970s The only thing the Administration could fears, however, that if home care is expand­ under programs that have since been elimi­ find to propose for next year is reduction of ed, people who would not have gone into nated. Although Congress, particularly the SSI benefits to offset Social Security wind­ nursing homes will demand home or com­ Democratic-controlled House, still supports falls received by some beneficiaries. The munity care. As a result, a program designed subsidized housing, the Administration has proposal would save only $5 million a year. to save money could end up increasing costs. all but ended the program. Only 10,000 One striking feature of the current debate OUTSIDE TREATMENT units are proposed in the 1985 budget, all of on welfare is an absence of the sweeping Among the severely retarded, the popula­ them for the elderly or handicapped. welfare reforms that were the darling of tion eligible for medicaid has remained The Administration favors getting out of many economists, and indeed of the Nixon stable, but inflation has driven the cost of the housing business altogether. It would Administration in the early 1970s. The re- 9778 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 jection of drastic reform stems from studies Each of the last economic recoveries left millions of years. The tool is profoundly that have convinced budget experts that no behind a higher rate of joblessness. After symbolic of the human. Our working is our savings could be made. They point, for ex­ the 1975 recession, unemployment reached species' way of being and of becoming. This ample, to the experience with SSI, which a low point of 4 percent. 1 After the 1980 re­ is the real maning of God's command was created in the 1970s out of an assort­ cession, unemployment never got below 6 C"mitzvot") to "subdue" the earth. ment of federal and state programs and percent. 2 And experts predict that the 1982 Moreover, these creative possibilities in­ wound up costing twice as much as the recession will leave behind an 8 percent un­ 3 herent in work join us to the community of former tab for the individual programs. employment rate. That's 10 million Ameri­ human workers. We remember with grati­ "The problem with consolidation is that no cans left looking for work, and millions tude the heritage of prior human labor one can ever lose," says an OMB official. more too discouraged to look. which, over time, by elaborating its use of "Every time we have tried to consolidate Without work people cannot maintain dig­ tools and in increasingly complex ways orga­ benefits, we have ended up with a profound nity. Without work people cannot maintain decency. nizing its productive activity, has sharply in­ expansion of outlays." creased the possibilities of our own wellbe­ Although some cuts are possible in all of The prophet Micah said: 'And what does ing. the existing programs, the prospects for big the Lord require of you but to do justice, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with Work, even work distorted by exploita­ savings to help reduce the deficit just are tion, reminds us that it is only in joining to­ not there. Current programs are very close your God?" to the minimum level of support that a Quoting the tradition of the prophets, gether with others that we improve that wealthy society has decided it must provide Jesus dedicated his ministry to "bringing common good through which each benefits to its poorest citizens.e good news to the poor" and "liberty to the by the other's labor and without which all oppressed." Sharing a common value herit­ remain both alone and destitute. So it is age we ask: what is required of us "to love that Paul warns us in his letter to the PHILADELPHIA CLERGY COM­ justice" today? What does it mean "to bring Romans, "as in one body we have many MENTS ON STRUCTURAL UN­ good news to the poor" today? members, and all members do not have the As religious leaders, we hold firmly that same function," still each is "not to think of EMPLOYMENT the only sure basis for a healthy and pro­ himself more highly than he ought to ductive society is to be found in the moral think, but to think with sober judgment." HON. BOB EDGAR principal of fairness-the fair and just dis­ In work we discover a profound and neces­ tribution of the burdens, benefits, and risks sary mutuality. It is a distortion, therefore, OF PENNSYLVANIA which derive from shared participation in to see fellow workers as competitors to be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our common life. "beaten," or as impersonal entities in the We sign our names to this document not productive process to be "planned." Indeed, Tuesday, April 24, 1984 because we believe it is a definitive state­ by our working together we should be e Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, I rise ment of the problem but because by it we drawn out of our narrow self-preoccupation today to call the attention of my col­ intend to begin a dialogue. In the tradition and excessive self-regard into the clarity of leagues to an extraordinary document of the New England town meeting, we be­ self-perception which sees our common recently issued by 132 Jewish, Catho­ lieve citizens concerned with our economic human journey nourished by the creativity crisis-an enduring crisis of equity and jus­ and sacrifice of those who labored before us. lic, and Protestant religious leaders in tice-should, as the Bible says, "reason to­ We should be reminded that we too are part the Philadelphia area. Under the aus­ gether." of this journey-that our time is a part of pices of the Northwest Interfaith THE HUMAN MEANING OF WORK all time, and that as inheritors we are also responsible to preserve and add to this Movement, a representative group of Work is more than an economic issue. It is these clergy spend 9 months preparing a profound moral issue, an issue of justice legacy which is built up and made fruitful a paper entitled "Work and Justice." and fairness. Who works and who does not, in human labor. The final draft was released last what kind of work is done, and who has the Work, then, is equally an ordinance of month in pamphlet form; it is a power­ say-these are fundamental ethical ques­ God and a gift which each human gives to ful statement on the changing nature tions. It is in and through work that men every other human, and each generation and women express their human essence, gives to the next. Work is a mirror within of the American economy and the which an era reveals its inner reality. As effect of this change on working whether the work they do be the paid work of factory or the unpaid work of home, the such, work remains at every stage of human Americans, their families, and their work of the carpenter or the work of the development the surest entrance into the communities. composer. Through work men and women social question-the question of justice and The document notes the terrible per­ respond to their unique human calling to exploitation in human relationships. sonal effects of long-term unemploy­ extend by human creativity the work of WORK TODAY ment and calls for a new covenant be­ God begun in Creation. The opening pages There is a crisis of work in our society tween business and the communities of Genesis tell us that we are made "in the today. There is a new unemployment and a in which they are located. The goal of image of God" and that our mandate is to new pattern of downwardly mobile re-em­ this effort is to make economic deci­ "be fruitful and multiply, fill the earth and ployment whose causes are still very active. subdue it." Yesterday's profits made in America too sions with sensitivity to their impact In times past, "subduing the earth" meant on individuals. A most useful facet of often become today's investment capital the human conquest of nature. But no producing Jobs in low wage, third world the document is its enumeration of more. With new ecological awareness, we countries that replace jobs here at home. several positive developments on the now realize that "subduing the earth" im­ Or, increasingly, machines take the place of employment front in the Philadelphia plies not conquest, but the use and care by working men and women on the assembly area, including the formation of com­ God's creatures of God's creation. The earth is not something to be acted against, line and in laboratories and offices, with munity credit unions, business-govern­ but something to be interacted with. Work little regard for job retraining or the future ment cooperative projects, and em­ is our species' special way of living within of displaced workers. ployee-owned businesses. This study our natural environment. We have entered a new world economy represents an important step in the Work is uniquely human. Only humans where not only neighborhoods but whole domestic populations are held hostage, dialog we must maintain as our Nation make the social and natural order an object made to compete against one another under enters a future of diminishing re­ of their reflection and activity. We are not the discipline of maximizing profits, and sources. Mr. Speaker, I commend limited by our given world, but we can tran­ where losers are left to joblessness or work "Work and Justice" to my colleagues, scend and transform it. In transforming the world we ourselves become transformed. that has lower wages and fewer benefits. and ask that it be printed following The most graphic example of this can be True, the poverty of the world's masses re­ my remarks. quires worldwide economic development. found in our early evolution as a species. But this development cannot rest upon in­ WORK AND JUSTICE The opposed thumb, the expansion of the higher brain, and our increasingly elaborate creasing the social inequalities inside both There is a new unemployment that first and third world societies. Today, haunts our land. It is an unemployment use of tools all evolved simultaneously over whether in Brazil or in our own country, the that is unrelated to normal business cycles. poor get poorer and the rich get richer. Despite talk of economic recovery, it is an 1 Bureau of Labor Statistics. The result? Profits recover. Wall Street unemployment that is getting worse, not 2 Ibid. prospers. But working people and their better. a New York Times; May 1983; December 1983. neighborhoods continue in deep distress. Ac- April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9779 cepted social indicators do not register this Our own forebears covenanted together in failure of political institutions, both nation­ discrepancy. Rising Dow Jones averages establishing this country. Now, we today al and international, to keep these economic seem on the evening news record the flour­ must seek a new covenant that will restore forces under effective public discipline-re­ ishing of some but not the floundering of our sense of common purpose, of shared quires moral analysis and corrective action many. destiny, and return to its place of preemi­ based upon religious and moral principles. There must be no mistake. Unemployment nence that common good without which no We are faced with the same task our fore­ injures. In fact it kills. Research shows that private benefit can long endure. bears faced: how to discern and defend our for every 1 percent increase in sustained un­ In 1630 John Winthrop, first governor of "commonwealth." Contradicting the Bibli­ employment there will be an additional the colony at Massachusetts Bay, said as he cal commandant, "thou shalt not envy <"lo 37,000 deaths in our society. A 1 percent in­ sailed to America: "we must be knit togeth­ tachmod bayt rayecha">, we have estab­ crease in unemployment means a 5 percent er in this work as one man. We must be will­ lished a consumer society built upon greed. increase in suicides, a 7.5 percent increase in ing to abridge ourselves of our superfluities Personal worth is measured by our ability to homicides among males between 17 and 24. 1 for the supply of others' necessities." But consume or possess. The message transmit­ The nearly 50 percent unemployment rate then he warned, echoing the words of Deu­ ted by our mass media hundreds of times amongst minority youth locks a whole gen­ teronomy: There is now set before us life daily is: the more you buy, the happier eration out of the American Dream, con­ and good, death and evil, in that we are you'll be. But the goal is illusory, the equa­ demning them, while still young, to live the commanded this day to love the Lord our tion false. Experience bears out that time rest of their lives in some twilight zone of God, walk in His ways and to keep His laws and again, whenever higher levels of con­ worklessness and hopelessness. and the articles of our covenant with him. sumer achievement are reached, self-doubt Unemployment increases death by heart • • • But if our hearts shall turn away so and anxiety remain the same or even in­ attack. It increases alcoholism, wife and that we will not obey, but shall be seduced crease. child abuse, and divorce rates. 2 Unemploy­ and worship other gods, our pleasures and ment attacks our neighborhoods, causing profits, and serve them, it is propounded And what about the poor in a consump­ deterioration in social and physical environ­ unto us this day, we shall surely perish out tion-oriented society like ours? The Bible ments, undermining the community's tax of the good land whither we pass over this clearly shows God's special concern for the base, and so depriving it of the means to vast sea to possess it." poor, the widow, and children. Yet today, fight back. Added to this unemployment is Today we stand at a crucial turning point. while the wealthy enjoy tax cuts, the poor an emerging pattern in our society that the We stand in need of national renewal. We suffer cutbacks in social services. Many of new jobs which are created are lower on the have become a nation divided against itself. these are women who head households and wage and benefit scale. The service economy We have lost the moral basis for our struggle to maintain independence but may be fine if you are a doctor or corporate common life. We "worship other gods." remain in destitution. Of female-headed lawyer, but most of the new work being gen­ Trying to fix personal blame or innocence families with income from private pensions, erated in our society is in the fast food in­ is not helpful. The fault lies with a struc­ annuities or alimony, 19 percent are in pov­ dustry or in clerical and work. The av­ ture of decisionmaking which obscures the erty. Of female-headed families which re­ erage weekly wage for factory work in relationship betweeen economic decisions ceive a wage or salary, fully 20 percent have Southeastern Pennsylvania in December and their human consequences. We keep income below the poverty level. 1 God's 1979 was $295, while the average wage for two sets of books in our society-one called warning to societies which feed greed even service was $170. 3 This wage differential capital and the other called community. as they exploit women and ignore the cry of holds true all across the country. What counts as costs to community does not children is clear: That society stands con­ The Catholic Bishops of Canada have register on the books of capital; while prof­ demned. spoken about this new crisis of work. "In its to capital may in fact be at the expense As a nation we stand in need of a new cov­ effect, capital has become transnational and of workers and their neighborhoods. enant, a renewed moral foundation. Capital technology has become increasingly capital­ This was not supposed to happen. Classi­ and community must find a just and mutu­ intensive. The consequences are likely to be cal free market theory taught us that if cap­ ally agreed upon basis for their association. permanent or structural unemployment and ital is simply left free to do whatever it In seeking to define the terms of this new increasing marginalization for a large seg­ wants then, automatically, the rest of us covenant, we may begin by stating clearly ment of the population in Canada and other will also benefit. The relationship between what is not fair or what is not just. It is not countries." The Bishops speak of this as "a capital and community, it was argued, need just, although it is true, that 60 percent of deepening moral crisis," because "through not be a covenanted relationship-because the tax benefits from recent tax cuts have these structural changes, 'capital' is reas­ the operation of the free market will auto­ gone to the 5 percent of American house­ serted as the dominant organizing principle matically transform the pursuit of individ­ holds making more than $50,000 a year. 2 It of economic life." 1 ual self-interest into the public benefit of an is not just that while the rich increase their The Bishops then conclude: "This orienta­ efficient and growing economy. wealth, the poor are faced with sharply re­ tion directly contradicts the ethical princi­ As the theory explains: if society lets con­ duced social programs for such basic neces­ ple that labour, not capital, must be given sumers pursue unhindered their own self-in­ sities as food, housing, adequate medical priority in the development of an economy terest, and associates these with competing care and warmth in winter. based on justice." Many would disagree with producers by way of the free market, the It is not fair that young men and women the bishops. Many would defend the emerg­ result will be not the expansion of greed, must mortgage their futures to pay for a ing patterns of capital formation and eco­ but products of high quality at the lowest college education, when education is no nomic development as the only effective possible price. Efficiency and productivity longer a social luxury but a necessity for way of freeing capital, through increased in­ will become the twin deities of enterprise entry into a post-industrial job market. It is centives, to invest in new technology and ad­ and lead us into the promised land of a rap­ not fair that corporations can abandon a ditional physical capacity. This increased in­ idly expanding economy. community with impunity to seek higher will lead to increased productivity True, some will get more and others less, profits in low-wage third world countries. It and eventually to more jobs. but all will have more than they had in the is not fair that, unlike other Western indus­ But we must ask: progress that is built beginning. Economic growth promises to trialized nations, we have no systematic pro­ upon high rates of unemployment, that make unnecessary, therefore, the inherently gram for worker retraining but instead leave downgrades the wages and work skills of conflictual task of deciding what is just and our displaced workers without help to find a millions of American workers, is progress fair. Morality becomes a matter of one's per­ secure job future. for whom? Economic recovery for whom? sonal and family life; while economic is We call for a new covenant-a conscious A NEW COVENANT turned over to technical expertise. moral relationship between capital and com­ In Biblical times the tribes of Ancient From the beginning of free market munity, between those who make signifi­ Israel would gather periodically to renew thought, a curtain of silence is thus drawn cant economic decisions and those who must their covenant with God and one another. between capital, which calculates profits, and community, where human benefits and live with the consequences of those deci­ injuries are tallied. Simply let capital do sions. True, capital invests in community­ producing jobs and income. But equally 1 Bluestone and Harrison, "The Deindustrializa­ what it is best at-pursuing efficiency and tlon of America:" Basic Books, N.Y. 1982 . We believe that the usefulness of this work ethic and belief in the future without 2 Ibid. social philosophy-whatever it may have s Philadelphia Inquirer, January 1980. 1 1 "Ethical Reflections on the Economic Crisis:" been in the past-has now ended. The new Congressional Budget Offices; Congressional The Episcopal Com.mission for Social Affairs, Cana­ economic conditions of internationalized Testimony, Spring 1982 is an organization which assists private, nonprofit entity which could the organization's annual dinner these efforts at a new style of ownership. provide additional and broader tech­ dance to be held on Tuesday, May 1, Thanks to the foresight and leadership of Local 1357 of the United Food and Commer­ nology assessment tasks to include 1984, at 6 p.m. at the Hi-Hat in Ba­ cial Workers, the shutdown of A&P stores clearinghouse functions, the stimula­ yonne, NJ. in the Delaware Valley and the loss of over tion, coordination, and commission of The medallions are awarded to rep­ 2000 jobs was averted in 1981. In its stead, a assessments and the identification of resentatives of the Jewish, Protestant, new subsidiary of A&P was created, re-em­ specific medical technologies for as­ and Catholic religious faiths "who ploying the over 2000 former A&P workers, sessment. have best promoted the spirit of and two worker-owned supermarkets ( O&O) Rising health-care costs are a con­ brotherhood in the community." were created. cern to all of us. The remarkable ad­ Those to be honored are Solomon Z. 5. We applaud the sense of shared destin shown in recent efforts to make mortgage vances in the development of medical Mangel, Patrick C. Schifano, and money available to city residents at below­ technology have helped us maintain Thomas K. Wojslawowicz. market rates by a creative investment policy our preeminent position as world lead­ I extend congratulations to the of Philadelphia Pension Fund planners. The ers in medical care. But with that pre­ three recipients and also to the organi­ high rate of return to the Fund shows that eminence comes a harsh reality-at zation for acknowledging the out­ community support is not just morally but least 25 percent of the measured costs standing work of these men who teach also financially rewarding. in health care are due to the use of and live and work at brotherhood Finally, beyond these local signs of hope, new technology that may not have every day in the week. The individual we see the need for a new kind of federal legislation, legislation which brings capital been carefully assessed with respect to best known to me, Thomas K. Wojs­ and community into the same set of books. costs and benefits. lawowicz, was born and raised in Ba­ We need to structure by federal law the I join with my distinguished col­ yonne. He is a graduate of Mount process of economic decision-making so as to league in emphasizing the need to Carmel Elementary School, Saint An­ assure that the wealth which results from maintain quality and access to the thony of Padua Prep School, and our common efforts will benefit the many fruits of our technology research. Seton Hall University, where he ob­ and not just the few, will sustain and re­ Health-care providers and third-party tained a B.S. degree in education. Fol­ store neighborhoods and provide jobs, for payors need to have the best informa­ lowing this, he did graduate work in all who want to work, that are secure and pay a decent wage. This and this alone is tion available in order to spend health­ aquatics at the University of Alabama. the definition of a healthy economy. care dollars wisely and efficiently. The honoree is employed by the Ba­ In the end our wealth is our common­ What is now lacking is a coordinated, yonne Board of Education, teaching at wealth. The truth which Martin Luther broadly based, scientific approach to Bayonne High School and Lincoln King, Jr. spoke still stands: "we are caught medical-technology assessment. Community School. In addition to his April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9781 teaching duties he directs both the Since arriving in Bayonne, Mangel ticipating in a 2-year exchange pro­ community and school programs, has been actively involved in the com­ gram with U.S. scientists. having served in these capacities for munity. In 1971, he joined the Bayonne 11 and 20 years respectively. Currently serving as the president of school system where he was subse­ Wojslawowicz is vice president of the the Bayonne Chamber of Commerce quently appointed director of elemen­ National Inter-Scholastic Swimming and Tax Research Council, Mangel is tary language arts, overseeing pro­ Coaches Association, for which he also secretary of the Bayonne Plumb­ grams in speech and English as a wrote and developed their widely used ing Supply Co. and treasurer of the second language in addition to district swimming manual. Jersey Jobbers Group, an association programs. A member of the Polish American of plumbing supply wholesalers in The honoree is a member of Phi Congress, he serves as president of the New Jersey. Delta Kappa, Public School Adminis­ Bayonne Chapter, vice president of A member of Temple Emanu-el, he trators Association, National Council the State chapter and is a director of also serves as a director on its board of of Teachers of English, National Asso­ the national chapter. He is president trustees. ciation of Bilingual Educators, and the of the Polish American Citizens Club, In addition, Mangel is a trustee with Hudson County Reading Association. a board member of the Polish Ameri­ the board of directors of the Jewish He is a past member of the Bayonne can Home, executive vice president of Hospital and Rehabilitation Center in Bergen Temple Lodge No. 99 F&AM, the General Pulaski Memorial Com­ Jersey City and cochairman of the cor­ past president of the New Jersey porate gifts division, endowment sus­ mittee, and chairman of the ~Iigh Teachers of English to Speakers of School Girls Swimming Comnuttee. taining fund for the Bayonne Jewish Other Languages, past president of Among his other affiliations are mem­ Community Center. the Past Masters Association of Mangel has also held a number of Hudson County and secretary to the berships in the Richard Rutkowski As­ other positions over the years, includ­ sociation, the Knights of Columbus, board of directors of the Bayonne Ma­ ing president of the Jewish Communi­ sonic Temple Association. and the Mount Camel Lyceum. ty Council of Bayonne, president of Wojslawowicz has organized and Schifano is also a member of the the Bayonne District, Zionist Organi­ New Frontier Democrats of Bayonne, coached the Bayonne YMCA Mermaid zation of America, president of the and Starfish swim programs for the Concerned Citizens of Bayonne, and Brotherhood of Temple Emanu-el, the Valley of Northern New Jersey­ past 20 years. He planned and de­ chairman of the United Jewish Appeal signed the widely used Lincoln School A.A.S.R. He served as a judge for the of Bayonne, cochairman of Bonds for Jersey Journal spelling contest, pool, where he established a senior Israel in the city and trustee on the citizens swim program. In addition, he Rotary Club scholarship, essay con­ board of directors of the Bayonne tests, and the Vocational and Industri­ organized a rally in support of Solidar­ Jewish Community Center. ity against Martial Law in Poland, ran al Clubs of America. Receiving the NCCJ's medallion He is married to the former Patricia fund-raising youth dances for the award has become a tradition in the Cancer Fund, collected food, medicine, Petrovich. Mangel family. The work of these three men and and clothing for the people of Poland, Four other family members have and is currently working on the Resto­ the National Conference of Christians also been selected as honorees, includ­ and Jews reminds me of the tremen­ ration of the Statue of Liberty Com­ ing Sidney Epstein, Mangel's father­ mittee. He currently serves as chair­ dous challenge of Franklin Delano in-law, Marvin Epstein, his brother-in­ Roosevelt who said: man of the Bayonne Housing Author­ law, and cousins Nathan and Lillian ity. If civilization is to survive, we must culti­ Susskind. vate the science of human relationships­ Previous honors which have been be­ Mangel has indeed given much of the ability of all peoples, of all kinds, to live stowed on him include the Service to this talents back to the community. together, in the same world at peace. Youth Meal by the YMCA, where he He is a member of the Alpha Delta I am also reminded of the words of a also received the International Service Sigma, the national honorary advertis­ Hudson County older American who Award for conducting swim clinics in ing fraternity, and to Beta Gamma Trinidad and Tobago. He was inducted told me: Sigma, the national honorary scholas­ Let's remember that it takes both the in the Bayonne Sport Hall of Fame for tic fraternity in the business field. white and black keys of the piano to play his contributions to swimming and was High points in this college career "The Star-Spangled Banner." named "Swim Coach of the Year" by were his graduation cum laude with I believe the words of Peter E. Ter­ the New Jersey Swim Coaches Associa­ the degree of bachelor of business ad­ tion. In 1970 the Bayonne Junior zick, whose message "What is Brother­ ministration and being awarded the hood" to be most meaningful: Chamber of Commerce gave him their Wollman Prize for his thesis, "The Na­ Outstanding Young Man of the Year What is brotherhood? It is the wisdom of tional Theater Movement." Lincoln and the warmth of Gandhi. It is the Award. The same year he was the Ba­ Also to be honored is Patrick C. humility of Jesus, the humbleness of Mo­ yonne marshall of the New York Pu­ Schifano, born in Jersey City, who is a hammed, and the humanitarianism of Con­ laski Day parade. graduate of Jersey City State College fucius. It is Catholic and Protestant and Thomas' involvement indeed echoes where he earned B.A. and M.A. de­ Jew living together in peacefulness and har­ the words of David Grayson who grees in English. mony. It is Italian and Dane and Bulgarian wrote: After teaching at the Bergen School and Pole working side by side on the job and To be needed in other human lives-is and Teaneck Junior High School, he sitting shoulder to shoulder in the union there anything greater or more beautiful in received a professional diploma in lin­ hall searching for ways to advance the this world. common good. It is the Ten Commandments guistics from Columbia University. and the Sermon on the Mount. It is the It is also my pleasure to pay tribute Further on in his career he worked Bible, the Talmud, and the Koran. It is the to Solomon Z. Mangel and Patrick C. with the Society of Maladjusted Stu­ essence of all wisdom of all the ages distilled Schifano, the other two recipients of dents in the New York City school into a single word. But equally it is the un­ this coveted award. system. He later conducted classes in derstanding of neighbors and friends who Mangel, born in New York, after his the English language to the foreign­ sorrow at your misfortunes and rejoice at graduation from the City University of born personnel of Roosevelt High your triumphs. You cannot see brother­ hood; neither can you hear it nor taste it. New York and Baruch College of Busi­ School. Schifano also taught at St. But you can feel it a hundred times a day. It ness, married Lillian Epstein and Peter's College, Kean College, and is the pat on the back when things look moved to Bayonne, where they have Princeton University, where he was gloomy. It is the smile of encouragement raised their two daughters, Florence live-in instructor for visiting Soviet when the way seems hard. It is the helping Ellen and Phyllis. and Eastern European Scientists par- hand when the burden becomes unbearable. 9782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 Each day all of us must work for Ladies and gentlemen, that future is star­ We can all take heart in the recent eco­ brotherhood because the responsibil­ ing us directly in the face and the prospect nomic upswing, but we should not be blind­ ity of tolerance lies with those who is not a happy one. ed to the fact that the real employment have the wider vision so necessary to We pat ourselves on the back when only crisis has little to do with the recent reces­ 8.0% of the labor force is out of work. We sion. The problem is structural. fight the evils of bigotry so graphical­ might not be so complacent if we look a bit Of course, economic growth, if we can sus­ ly portrayed by Daniel O'Connell who further. Youth unemployment, a social and tain it, will expand employment opportuni­ wrote: cultural timebomb, stands at 20%. Among ties. But that will not be enough. We need Bigotry has no head and can not think, no minorities, it is 29%. And unemployment an employment policy that will make sure heart and can not feel. When she moves it is among black teenagers is a shameful 50%. that our workers can fill the job openings in wrath; when she pauses it is amid ruin. The fact is, America is not working. that that growth will create. Her prayers are curses, her God is a demon, We can appreciate the magnitude of the The sad fact of life is that we have mil­ her communion is death; her vengeance is challenge that lies before us by a quick lions of laid-off workers whose jobs are eternity, her decalogue written in the blood glance at the past. My union is a little over likely never to return. of her victims, and if she stops for a 80 years old. How do you tell the steelworker, the auto moment in her infernal flight it is upon a Eighty years ago, nearly half of America's worker, the truck driver that the mill, the kindred rock to whet her vulture fang for a workers were farmers. Today, 4% are in factory, the truck terminal is closed forever? more sanguinary desolation. farming. Eighty years ago, the steel indus­ And how does he tell his son who's always I am sure that my colleagues here try was an infant, and the automobile indus­ wanted to follow in his father's footsteps? today in the House of Representatives try not yet born. Computer technology lay a As a union leader who talks with other full two generations in the future. union leaders, I see and hear that everyday. wish to join me in this salute to The transformation of our workforce, the The worker, in his frustration, blames his Thomas K. Wojslawowicz, Solomon Z. movement of our people and the improve­ union. We blame management. And man­ Mangel, and Patrick C. Schifano. They ment in their skills and standards of living agement blames the government. And all will be presented their medallions by since then have been staggering. Just imag­ that finger-pointing accomplishes absolute­ William Kowalski, Richard J. Malan­ ine the changes in American society an 80 ly nothing. owski, and Charles Mangel, who will year old man or woman has witnessed in his The solution is not just avoiding reces­ make the presentation to his brother or her life. sions. It is not just extending unemploy­ Solomon.e And yet, hard as it may be to comprehend, ment benefits. It is not just enacting protec­ the changes of the final years of this centu­ tionist laws. ry will likely surpass those of the last 80. We need an employment policy that em­ REMARKS BY JACKIE PRESSER And if that projection doesn't put the fear phasizes prevention of unemployment AT THE AMERICA WORKS of God into you, you're either asleep or rather than one designed merely to soften WHEN AMERICA WORKS CON­ dead. its impact. We need a plan that not only FERENCE It means that all the displacements, all offers remedies for today, but hope for to­ the technological innovations of 80 years morrow. We need a program that antici­ will be compressed into 16. pates displacement, not one that reacts to it. HON. BOB McEWEN Look at what has happened in just the And we need to put job security on the same OF OHIO first three years of this decade: level of priority as national security. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There are one-third fewer auto workers We can't do it with the tools of the past. today than there were in 1980; Unless we develop a mechanism that allows Tuesday, April 24, 1984 For the first time in our history, more us to adapt to the circumstances facing us e Mr. McEWEN. Mr. Speaker, I would than one-half of the workforce is female; and develop a vehicle for adjusting these like to share with my colleagues an ex­ Home computer sales have topped $1 bil­ concerns in a mutually satisfactory manner, cellent speech by Jackie Presser before lion in sales; we will be condemning ourselves and our A generation of school children has grown children to life in a second-rate nation. the America Works When America dependent on calculators and video games; In my opening remarks, I referred to the Works Conference on February 8, and possibility of a new American partnership 1984. Mr. Presser is General President In business circles, teleconferencing and between labor, management and govern­ of the International Brotherhood of fully automated offices are no longer novel­ ment. It is time to make that possibility a Teamsters, representing 1.8 million ties. reality. members. He is a native of Ohio and These changes will only occur more rapid­ I have proposed the establishment of a tri­ was responsible for great innovation ly and on a larger scale in the years ahead. partite policy-making body that would meet and growth in the Ohio Teamsters. It As they do, they will totally reshape the on a regular basis to develop long-range is with great pleasure that I submit American economy. plans for labor relations in America. I am The question is ... can the three major not talking about just another paperwork his remarks today. economic institutions-labor, management commission. I'm talking about a committee, REMARKS BY JACKIE PRESSER and government-keep pace with this comprised of labor, management and gov­ It is certainly an honor and a pleasure to change in order to improve employment op­ ernment officials, that would have broad au­ have the opportunity to address such a dis­ portunities for the people of this nation? thority over employment and training pro­ tinguished audience. The theme of your I don't know the answer to that question, grams. conference couldn't be more welcome or but I do know this-if we don't, America will The need for a new structure is obvious at timely. Far too often, those of us in labor, not have much of a future, and we will have a time when, just in Congress alone, eight management and government get caught up squandered the glorious inheritance our committees must deal with even minor in the grind of day-to-day details and risk forefathers left to us. changes in the unemployment insurance missing the forest for the trees. I know one other thing as well-we won't law. While they're deciding jurisdiction over As I have stated repeatedly since becom­ be able to do it unless we end the time-hon­ problems, the problems have been getting ing General President of the International ored adversarial approach to our problems larger. Brotherhood of Teamsters, it is time to and join together to formulate joint strate­ I genuinely believe that such a tripartite break with the past, time to develop a new gies and policies to address the employment body could get this country moving again. American partnership that can lead this crisis. The experiment of labor-management coop­ nation into a progressive new direction that I have been in the labor movement all my eration committees has worked and contin­ benefits the individual working man and life, and I have witnessed first-hand the evo­ ues to this day. Why not add the third inte­ woman and the economic system as a whole. lution of labor-management relations in this gral partner in the labor relations system in The many weighty questions that con­ country. I well remember the early days of America and start to get things done on a front the labor relations community in deep distrust and mutual threats. I rose large scale, as we have on a small scale, ill America-bankruptcies, layoffs, trade defi­ through the labor ranks during the so-called the Job Training Partnership Act of 1982. cits, productivity and technological innova­ "golden years" when America's postwar eco­ I have no doubt that carrying out a com­ tion-boil down to the single issue of job se­ nomic boom calmed fears and reduced prehensive attack on the employment crisis curity. By job security, I'm talking about strife. And finally, I have watched in recent will be very difficult. But winning the right more than just the retention and creation of years, as first, inflation, and then recession, to collective bargaining in the 30's was no jobs today, I'm talking about the adaptation rekindled the distrust and anger of those picnic either. At the time that legislation of business, labor and government to the de­ early years and threatened to rip the fabric was passed, many forecasters predicted mands of the future. of stable labor-management relations. doom for the American economy. Instead, April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9783 the collective bargaining process brought perfectly clear that he would continue southern Lebanon has opened Israel's eyes dignity and hope to the American worker to attack and undermine American in­ to what might ensue if the ayatollah cracks and markets and opportunities to American terests around the world. the Iraqi defense line north of Basra and industry. sets up an Islamic republic in southern Iraq. It is time for another "labor revolution," Given the nature of this threat and Odds are about 50-50 that this will indeed one based on courage, cooperation and con­ the potentially grave damage that happen, perhaps within the next three cern for the future. There's no turning the could be inflicted on our diplomatic, weeks. The Reagan administration has clock back. We're engaged, and must com­ military, and business interests over­ reached a strong consensus about what pete, in a global economy. The industrializa­ seas by Iranian fanatics, we must take would occur if Iran captures Basra and tion of newly developed countries will con­ immediate action to counter this grow­ moves its forces to the Kuwait border. "Pre­ tinue, as will technological progress. ing threat. I agree with our Secretary emptive accommodation," in the phrase of The important point is that we are all in of State's recent comments suggesting one official, by a terrified Kuwait govern­ this together. Unions, management and gov­ that our Government take reprisals in ment that has already been terrorized by ernment must all be concerned with how to pro-Iranian Shiite fundamentalists. make enterprises more effective and effi­ the event of future Iranian terrorist This political accommodation would cient, and how to best make use of our man­ action against U.S. interests. Enhanc­ quickly spread down the gulf to encompass power. ing American Embassy and military Saudi Arabia, the impotent oil sheikdoms As the spokesman for the largest trade facility security around the world is a and the two Yemens. union in the free world, I welcome that key aspect of our Nation's efforts to Brutal harassment of Americans, not ex­ challenge and I urge you to join me in help­ protect our diplomats and servicemen cepting murder, would follow. There are ing to shape a future in which the American overseas against this mindless terror­ some 70,000 Americans in the key, pro-U.S. family has the opportunity to make tomor­ ism. Arab state of Saudi Arabia. "They would be row better than today. Let's remember the With these concerns in mind, I reduced fast by coming home," one policy words of the wise philosopher who wrote, insider told us. Effective U.S. response "the essential things in life are the things strongly recommend this fine editorial would be impossible to this sort of ideologi­ we hold in common, not the things we hold to my friends in the Congress. The cal-political aggression, unlike the planned separately." concerns expressed in this editorial and credible military response if the ayatol­ Thank you.e are, I believe, shared by all of us in the lah tried to close the Strait of Hormuz to oil Congress. The fundamentalist terror­ tankers. THE IRANIAN TERRORIST ist madness of Iran must stop. Shifting Iran's objective from the military CFrom the Washington Post, Apr. 2, 1984] to the political poses a frightening dilemma THREAT for the United States. A military move NEW DANGER FROM IRAN against Western shipping interests would be HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD the details of an agreement reached in De­ a Teller protege who is Mr. Reagan's science WASHINGTON, March 31.-After two dec­ adviser. cember to place 24 Patriot systems with ades of development to be the Army's front­ North Atlantic Treaty Organization forces Mr. Teller is often given credit for devel­ line antiaircraft weapon, the Patriot missile oping America's hydrogen bomb. but others, along the East German border. system is being transformed to be able to Mr. Carnesdale said that although devel­ like Hans Bethe and Richard Garwin, also shoot down Soviet missiles, according to De­ played important parts. Mr. Bethe and Mr. opment of a weapon that could shoot down fense Department officials. "tactical" missiles was permitted by the Garwin led the opposition to the antiballis­ Some arms control specialists say they tic missile in the late 1960's. Now, as mem­ 1972 treaty, which applies specifically to fear an advanced Patriot missile could un­ "strategic" weapons, such a weapon system bers of a Union of Concerned Scientists dermine the 1972 treaty between the United panel, they express vigorous skepticism cannot be used or tested against strategic States and the Soviet Union limiting anti­ missiles. about the X-ray laser and other aspects of missile systems. Defense Department offi­ the proposed defenses. But the practical difference between cials have saic1 the Soviet Union's SA-12 "short-range" tactical and "long-range" The X-ray laser is a one-shot device pow­ mobile air-defense missile, which an Army ered by a nuclear explosion. Its beam would strategic weapons was never defined. "Tacti­ spokesman said was similar to the Patriot, cal" characterizes weapons of shorter range shoot 2,500 miles across space and hit ~oviet may already violate the treaty. used in a region where combat is occurring. missiles before the warheads-and easily de­ The Army is looking at a wide range of ployed decoys-separate from their booster "Strategic" refers to weapons of longer, missions for the Patriot, including shooting even intercontinental range. The American rocket. at missiles, said Brig. Gen. James C. Cerce, The scientists' panel points to a fatal flaw: Pershings and Soviet SS-20 missiles fall the Army's deputy director of combat sup­ somewhere in the middle because they can Boosters can be redesigned to part from port systems. their payload low in the atmosphere, be launched several hundred miles from beyond the reach of the most powerful X­ THREAT TO TREATY their targets. General Cerce refused to com­ ray beam. Other lasers could, in theory, "Large-scale deployment of a Patriot with ment which Soviet missiles the Patriot penetrate the atmosphere enough to antimissile capabilities would almost cer­ would be enabled to shoot down. damage a booster by heating its skin. But tainly destroy the treaty," said Albert Car­ EFFECTIVENESS IS QUESTIONED they would be effective only if the Russians nesale, professor of public policy at the "There is a large technical divide between neglected simple countermeasures, like spin­ John F . Kennedy School of Government at antiaircraft and antitactical-missile sys­ ning the booster to prevent the laser from Harvard. He was in the American delegation tems," said Ashton B. Carter, a research burning a hole, or hiding its tell-tale flame that negotiated the treaty on the so-called fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of with heat shields. antiballistic missiles, considered one of the Technology and editor of a recent study of April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9785 missile defense published by the Brookings pedia Britannica, the Chief State them to analyze and to ask good questions, Institution. "But the divide between antitac­ School Officers Organization, and instead of simply memorizing facts. tical and anti-ICBM is smaller," he said, re­ Good Housekeeping magazine. "She forces us to strive to find informa­ ferring to large, intercontinental ballistic I have had the pleasure and honor tion on your own. She just doesn't spoon­ missiles that universally considered to be of feed us," a student in one of her economics a strategic nature. "Once you've declared an of speaking before Sherleen's classes classes said earlier this year. antitactical system, you've made the big at Ballard on several occasions. The A sign over her chalkboard says "Be More leap." questions her students ask, and the ob­ Specific," an admonition she uses to encour­ William E. Jackson, Jr., a senior fellow at servations they deliver about the polit­ age students to speak and write clearly. the University of Arkansas's Fulbright In­ ical process evidence a depth and Quizzes often follow reading assignments to stitute of International Relations and a breadth of knowledge that attests to test students' understanding of the materi­ former executive director of the General the quality of their instructional al, and she may ask students to redo written Advisory Committee on Arms Control, said, work several times. "Would defense against a 500-mile range leader. The National Teacher of the Year award submarine-launched missile be allowed I had the pleasure of meeting with has three sponsors: Encyclopedia Brittanica, under the treaty? I do not think so. Would Sherleen, her husband Lee, her proud the Chief State School Officers organiza­ defense against a 500-mile range land-based parents, Mr. and Mrs. Louis Strong, as tion, and Good Housekeeping magazine. ballistic missile be allowed? I doubt it." well as three of her students from Bal­ Decisions were based on written essays NEW ARMY PROGRAM lard High School-who were all here about teaching methods and philosophies, In 1983 the Army started a new develop­ to participate in ceremonies in her and on interviewers. ment program, Anti-Tactical Missile, that, honor at the White House. Sherleen A representative from Good Housekeeping according to testimony before Congressional has brought credit and honor to the shadowed her for two days in Louisville, panels, depends on using the Patriot system. Commonwealth of Kentucky. We are talked with students, observed classes, inter­ Although General Cerce refused to com­ all proud to have her kind in our viewed parents and conducted a 25-minute ment in detail about how Patriot would be videotaped interview. improved under this program, an Army midst. In February, she became one of four final­ spokesman said "actual missile test firings" I commend to the attention of my ists. That was when she began to feel as would validate the advanced system. He also colleagues the following article which though she were "carrying the school sys­ said any changes to Patriot's radar, a crucial appeared in the April 1, Louisville tem's banner" and helping to bring recogni­ element for antimissile capability, would Courier Journal about the exceptional tion to a "state that's not given a lot of primarily involve computer control. work Mrs. Sisney is doing in the class­ credit for its students or personnel." For the Patriot system to defend against room. On March 2, she was told she had won the tactical missiles, Congress appropriated $10 The article follows: national title. million for 1983, $17 million for the current She was grading papers in her classroom fiscal year, and is being asked for $92 mil­ LoUISVILLIAN HONORED AS U.S. TEACHER OF and was summoned to the office-State Su­ lion in the fiscal year 1985. About $190 mil­ THE YEAR perintendent of Public Instruction Alice lion is already budgeted for Patriot re­ McDonald was on the phone to say "con­ gratulations." search, development and testing over the One of the country's highest education same period. An Army spokesman said Mrs. Sisney laughed, remembering the honors has come to Kentucky with the call. "I said, 'For what?' " spending of about $28 million was planned naming of Sherleen Sisney, economics and in 1987 for initial procurement of the anti­ "She told me she wanted to line my room history teacher at Ballard High School, as with roses, but to wipe the smile off my face tactical system. the national Teacher of the Year. Congressional testimony has indicated She will receive the award from President and get back and act like nothing that this system could eventually include a Reagan in a ceremony in the White House had happened." vast network of surveillance satellites and Rose Garden on April 11. So far, only her immediate family and a airborne radar systems.e Thirty of her students, local school offi­ few close friends and school officials have known of the award. cials and her immediate family are invited Award officials had planned no public an­ LOUISVILLE AREA TEACHER RE­ to join her for the ceremony. nouncement until a press conference April CEIVES U.S. TEACHER OF THE During a five-day stay in Washington, she will be featured in television appearances, 10 in Washington. But after contest officials YEAR AWARD interviews with the national media, meet­ said they wanted 30 students to attend the ings with top education officials and presen­ ceremonies, local school officials realized HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI tations to teacher associations. there would be no way to keep it quiet. She will continue in the national spotlight A school system spokeswoman, Rande OF KENTUCKY Swann, said the district is "elated" about IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for the next year-her predecessor had at least three speaking engagements a week. the honor for Mrs. Sisney. "We feel Sher­ Tuesday, April 24, 1984 The award is expected to give Kentucky leen certainly does exemplify the quality education some positive publicity-a depar­ teacher that the Jefferson County Public e Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, recent­ Schools have come to know and enjoy." ly I had the distinguished dean of the ture from the usual dour reports that rank Kentucky among the bottom states in The students will be told of the Washing­ Kentucky delegation and chairman of teacher salaries, literacy rates, dropout ton trip tomorrow. the House Education and Labor Com­ rates and spending per pupil. The students haven't been selected yet: mittee, CARL PERKINS, as my guest on "I'm still really in shock," Mrs. Sisney said transportation and other costs for their trip my television show. Friday afternoon. "I've been trying to be a are still being discussed. On the show, Mr. PERKINS and I dis­ teacher and also work on press releases," Ironically, in the same month that Ken­ cussed the need for a continued strong she said, chuckling over having to juggle the tucky is honored for having the nation's demands of her new role. outstanding teacher, the state legislature re­ Federal role to assure that a quality jected a proposal for more taxes to finance is Her students had left for the afternoon; education available to all Americans. her classroom-Room 211, at end of the an education-improvement package. Mrs. We also discussed several bills before hall-was abnormally quiet. Visitors usually Sisney said she expects interviewers to be the House-including the American find students operating mock corporations, curious about Kentucky's attitudes toward Defense Education Act, H.R. 881, debating political issues, acting as historical education. which we have both sponsored-to figures or writing new constitutions. She hopes the award will help break some help maintain our standard of excel­ Named Kentucky's Teacher of the Year stereotypes about education in Kentucky. lence in American education. last fall, Mrs. Sisney is already a nationally She said she's delighted that her students Nowhere is that standard of excel­ recognized leader in involving the business and local school officials will share the lime­ community in the classroom. She created a light with her in Washington because they lence more evident than in room 211 "learn-by-doing" economics curriculum that will present a positive image. in Ballard High School in Jefferson has earned her an avid following among stu­ "There's a great deal for this state to be County, KY, where Sherleen Strong dents. proud of, and we'll showcase that," she said. Sisney teaches economics and history. The philosophy behind her teaching is to As Mrs. Sisney speaks extensively about Sherleen has just been designated the give students a reason to learn, to excite education during the next year, she said she U.S. Teacher of the Year by Encyclo- them about learning, and to encourage hopes to convey these messages: 9786 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 "I think it's time to get on a positive note But now, even though starvation wreaks Pakistan or Ecuador, where populations are about education," she said. The schools its grim toll in several parts of the world growing at 3 percent a year, a 2 percent rate have come through a decade in which edu­ and rampant population growth threatens of economic growth means a sustained de­ cation was expected to solve everything, many societies, we hear of little talk in cline in living standards. Eighteen countries, "from drug problems to venereal disease to America about the worldwide need for most of them in Africa, experienced a de­ social and emotional problems." family planning and population control. cline in per capita income during the 1970s, Schools need to deal with these problems, The world oil glut of recent years has according to Worldwatch. but shouldn't be expected to solve them lulled millions of Americans into thinking The key to improving living standards, single-handedly, she said. Their focus there isn't, never was and never will be a says Mr. Brown, is to relate population to should be on education issues, such as re­ genuine energy crisis-even though the available resources. One of the first develop­ ducing the dropout rate and finding ways to Reagan administration has positioned ele­ ing countries to recognize this was China. develop top-quality teachers. ments of the U.S. Navy to stop any blockage The Chinese systematically examined long­ The existing negativism in education can of the flow of petroleum from the Persian term population growth in relation to the lead to "real opportunities" for change, she Gulf through the Straits of Hormuz. availability of land, water, energy and other said, "but the door for opportunity won't We Americans go from fads of towering basic resources and to the capacity of the stay open too long." concern about social and economic problems economy to provide jobs. Educators must exert leadership more to dangerous and ignorant attitudes of "By focusing on living conditions in the than ever before, she said. They need to "who-gives-a-damn?" about those very same future, child-bearing decisions were shifted talk to policy-makers and legislators about challenges. I was reminded of this when I from the welfare of parents, concerned what can and can't be accomplished, and read "State of the World, 1984," a jarring about support in their old age, to the wel­ about what they can do to work with teach­ new report from Worldwatch Institute, a fare of children," explains Mr. Brown. ers, she said. Washington-based research group. That The result was adoption of a one-child­ An economic-education program such as report, directed by Lester R. Brown, made per-family policy. It is a drastic step, draco­ the one in her classroom, which includes me newly aware that the upturn in the U.S. nian in many eyes but one which Mr. Brown "hands-on" projects and draws business economy has caused us to ignore the fact believes other nations may have to follow if leaders into the classroom, can help improve that much of the world remains in such eco­ they are to avoid a serious decline in living students' "opportunities for a better quality nomic distress as to constitute a threat to standards. of life," she said. all countries. All of us, in nations rich and poor, must Making economics relevant helps students Since you have no problem buying gaso­ rise above the "fad" approach to managing be better consumers, wiser voters and better line now, you may not want to believe Mr. our resources, limiting population growth, prepared for the job market, she said.e Brown when he writes that dwindling oil making societies live within their means. If supplies pose the most immediate threat to we don't, we will invite widespread human economic progress in much of the world. suffering and the political chaos that inevi­ POPULATION PRESSURES ARE The wealthy United States has made its ad­ tably comes with it.e PRELUDE TO CHAOS justments to the incredible jump in the price of petroleum, but a lot of poorer na­ tions have been dragged to the brink of dis­ A TRIBUTE TO ANSEL ADAMS HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER aster by the grossly inflated cost of energy. OF ILLINOIS The Worldwatch report says that the de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pletion of soils may be more severe than a HON. RICHARD H. LEHMAN decline in oil supplies in the long run, and Tuesday, April 24, 1984 that shrinking forests and deteriorating OF CALIFORNIA e Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, the grasslands are of great concern. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES world grew by an unprecedented 82 We already are seeing a reduction in food Tuesday, April 24, 1984 million people last year and it is pro­ supplies. World grain output, which rose steadily during the quarter century after • Mr. LEHMAN of California. Mr. jected to grow by 90 million a year an­ World War II, has increased little or none in Speaker, this week Congress must note nually. I believe we should all be the last decade. In Africa, Mr. Brown notes, with great sadness the death of a great paying a great deal more attention to food production per capita has been falling American photographer, Ansel E. reducing rampant world population since 1970, slowly dragging that continent Adams. Born in 1902, Ansel Adams growth, which is taking a tremendous into a pathetic crisis. Around the globe, more than half a billion persons are hungry became know internationally as Amer­ toll in human misery-especially in ica's premiere photographer. As large the developing world. or malnourished, and famine threatens more nations than at any time in recent his­ in physique as he was in spirit, Adams I would like to share with you today tory. was a technician who put his soul into an article by syndicated columnist The eradication of hunger may depend as his work. Carl T. Rowan, which appeared in the much on family planners as on farmers. Al­ His artistry was as diverse as our na­ April 7, 1984 edition of the Baltimore though the world's growth rate slowed from tional parks. But Adams always re­ Sun. Mr. Rowan focuses on the World­ 1.9 percent a year in 1970 to 1.7 percent in turned to the Sierra Nevadas for inspi­ watch Institute's recently published 1983, the annual population increase in raw ration. Yosemite Valley, the John report "State of the World, 1984," numbers has continued to edge up. Another 79 million people were added to this planet Muir Trail and Mono Lake had no which clearly defines the interrela­ better friend than this "photolaur­ tionship between overpopulation and last year, compared to 70 million in 1970. The United Nations and the World Bank es­ eate" of the American West. the world economy. It is my hope that timate that world population will more than Adams interpreted the American wil­ we will all keep this article in mind double, reaching 10 billion, before stabliz­ derness and he also fought to preserve when we discuss one of the most effec­ ing. We face projections of India with 1.84 it. For his conservation work, he was tive facets of our international devel­ billion persons, Nigeria growing from honored with the Sierra Club's John opment program, U.S. population as­ today's 84 million to 623 million, Mexico Muir Award, the Conservation Service sistance, in our committees and on the soon reaching the populaton that the Award from the Department of the In­ floor of this House. United States has today. These population pressures become even terior and the Presidential Medal of The article follows: more ominous when viewed in conjunction Freedom. PRELUDE TO CHAOS: POPULATION PRESSURE, with the economic slowdown. Between 1950 Adams' vision, his humor, and his WORLD RESOURCES and 1973, the world economy expanded fresh approach to the world around us WASHINGTON.-Time was when American about 5 percent a year while population are the human legacies he has left intellectuals and the American press were grew at less than 2 percent. But since 1979, alongside his art. writhing in concern over "the population Worldwatch found, economic growth and Ansel Adams illuminated the gran­ bomb" and the prospects of widespread star­ population growth have been the same-1.7 vation around the world. percent annually. deur of California's remarkable land­ How long ago it seems that we waited in If you live in Germany or Hungary, which scape for millions who have never ex­ line at gas stations and President Nixon have stabilized their populations, even a 2 perienced it. gave somber warnings about "the energy percent rate of economic growth brings im­ For those of us who have, he both crisis"! proved living standards. But if you live in deepened and sharpened our aware- April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9787 ness that great miracles are still hap­ ence in Hershey, Pa., on the problems of dis­ vention would not wreak the havoc pening about us. located workers in the mountainous region that some have predicted. which stretches from Maine to Alabama: I have frequently spoken out for the His impact as a Sierra naturalist can "The industrial boom in the United States only be compared with John Muir. His is over. No amount of modernization can need of a balanced budget. I have work will survive for all time.e return us to our former position of a heavy­ voted for balanced budgets. I have in­ industry superstar. We can't turn the clock troduced constitutional amendments back. We must move toward the great new requiring balanced budgets, and I have APPALACHIAN REGIONAL COM­ enterprises of the future." voted for a constitutional amendment MISSION NEEDED TO REBUILD The options are few. Unemployed miners requiring a balanced budget. APPALACHIAN ECONOMY and industrial workers can be retrained and Unfortunately, Congress has not yet encouraged to go where the jobs are; high­ HON. FREDERICK C. BOUCHER tech industries can be importuned to move found the discipline to pass a balanced into Appalachian areas; or some industries, budget. I prefer that a constitutional OF VIRGINIA such as coal mining, can be rejuvenated, to amendment reqmrmg a balanced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES some extent, by research and development budget should be passed by Congress. Tuesday, April 24, 1984 into new use of coal-after the But, I do believe that the threat of a fashion of Eastman's new chemical plant in e Mr. BOUCHER. Mr. Speaker, as a constitutional convention is one Kingsport and United Coal Company's method of stimulating congressional result of recent declines in the coal in­ liquid-coal research in Bristol. dustry, the coal-producing counties of A major problem has to do with human action toward achieving this goal. In the Appalachian region are experienc­ nature. Many coal miners and steel workers fact, I am a member of a newly formed ing their worst economic times in five believe-perhaps because they want to be­ group known as "CLUBB," Congres­ decades. lieve-that the good times in their indus­ sional Leaders United for a Balanced While the efforts we are making in tries will return; it's just a matter of tough­ Budget. This group was formed in a bi­ the Committee on Science and Tech­ ing it out. partisan manner to emphasize the im­ Moreover, many if not most of them are portance of a balanced budget in the nology to increase the Federal com­ determined to "stay at home." Their work is mitment to research and development a fainily tradition, stretching back several face of outrageous deficits that are for new coal technologies promises ex­ generations. The trauma of breaking that devastating our economy. Griffin Bell panded markets for coal, few believe tradition, of leaving the family "hearth," is points out the dramatic effect that that in the years ahead the coal indus­ avoided if hope burns even faintly. deficits are having on our country, and try will enjoy the prosperous times Retraining those among the adult unem­ goes on to explain how a constitution­ which blessed it in the 1970's. ployed who are willing to be retrained is a al convention would compel Congress Accordingly, it is clear that diversifi­ necessary first step. Beyond that, however, to act when there is overwhelming greater attention must be given to young pressure from the grassroots of our cation of the economy in the Appa­ people, guiding them away from the mines lachian region is vital to a restoration and the mills and toward that different country to balance our budget. of our progress and to the creation of "way of life" demanded by technology and I insert Mr. Bell's article for my col­ employment opportunities for our economic circumstances. It is an effort leagues' review. population. Since its inception in the which must be made particularly in the [From the Atlanta Journal and mid-1960's, the Appalachian Regional schools of the 13-state region-revealing Constitution, Apr. 23, 19841 new worlds of work in the elementary Commission has provided roads, grades and placing even greater emphasis A BALANCED-BUDGET CONVENTION WOULD NOT schools, sewer and water facilities, on vocational education in junior high and WREAK HA voe ON UNITED STATES clinics and other infrastructure pro­ high school. viding an attraction of new industry If new industries are to be enticed into the into the 13-State Appalachian region. Like most Americans, I am deeply con­ mountain-locked areas of the Appalachian cerned by the federal government's continu­ At this time, the work of the Appa­ region, that region must be opened up still ing failure to control the budget deficits. lachian Regional Commission is as vi­ further-with more and better highways, The interest payments on the debt now tally needed as it was nearly two dec­ and connecting links; propective industries amount to 12 percent of the current budget. ades ago. The revitalization and the must be convinced that the people of the Basic to this failure is that no counterforce rejuvenation of our economy depends Appalachians can adapt to new skills; they exists against the special interest groups today upon our ability to attract high must be shown that the basic infrastruc­ which are the driving force behind the ex­ ture-water lines, sewer lines, power lines, cessive government spending. technology firms and other industries gas lines-is available for their needs. unrelated to the production of coal. Because Congress has failed to control All that, and more, is, indeed, virtually runaway government· deficits, the people That effort can succeed only if the Ap­ "starting over"-for the Appalachian Re­ have acted through their state legislatures, palachian Regional Commission con­ gional Commission and for the people of the 32 of which have called for a constitutional tinues to provide the public facilities region. Fortunately, the mechanism for convention to draft a balanced federal which will attract such firms to our "starting over" is in place. Making that budget amendment. When 34 states have so region. mechanism work, and quickly, is a task acted, Congress, under Article V of the Con­ The point that ARC must continue which will ask much of-and return much stitution, must call a convention. to-the 13 states and the people of the We are now hearing predictions of doom for these purposes is concisely stated mountains.• in a recent editorial appearing in the and gloom which have not been heard since Bristol Herald Courier, and I com­ the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment THE THREAT OF A BALANCED­ 72 years ago. In our original Constitution, mend this careful statement to my col­ senators were appointed by the state legisla­ leagues: BUDGET CONVENTION WOULD tures, rather than elected by the people. By STARTING OVER FORCE NEEDED CONGRES­ 1912, the people had concluded by a wide The Appalachian Regional Commission, SIONAL ACTION margin that the Senate should be elected, initiated two decades ago to help the na­ not appointed. The House of Representa­ tion's poorest 13-state region lift itself up by HON. ELLIOTT H. LEVITAS tives agreed, five times passing a proposed its bootstraps, is almost in a position of OF GEORGIA constitutional amendment to make the "starting over." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Senate elective. That is no criticism of the ARC; it has ac­ But five times the Senate killed the complished a great deal. Nor have the boot­ Tuesday, April 24, 1984 amendment in committee, thereby forcing straps broken; they're still strong. e Mr. LEVITAS. Mr. Speaker, I would the people to take action. State legislatures The problem is in the "boots" of the like to draw my colleagues' attention began passing conditional calls for a conven­ region-mining and heavy industry. They tion if Congress did not approve the amend­ are frayed by hard times, with no revival in to an op-ed piece written by Griffin ment. sight. Bell, former Attorney General of the At that time, the two-thirds required Winifred A. Pizzano, cochairman of the United States. Mr. Bell suggests that a equalled 32 state legislatures. When 31 ARC, had this to say at a three-day confer- balanced budget constitutional con- states had acted, the Senate read the hand- 9788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 writing on the wall and passed the amend­ purpose is called. The calls are conditional, demning Chile's human rights record. Most ment. Without the use of the alternative not absolute. significantly, the administration lobbied for route in Article V of our Constitution, the I believe there will not be a balanced­ an end to the 1976 legislative prohibition on 17th Amendment would not have been budget constitutional convention. Congress U.S. military sales and aid to the regime. passed and senators would still be appoint­ simply will not abide letting mere citizens Congress complied, but it mandated that no ed. decide its taxing and spending power. Con­ military assistance could go to Chile until This is precisely what the Founding Fa­ gress will act, I predict, as it did on the issue the President certified that the regime has thers had in mind. They provided for of the direct elections of senators-when improved human rights and has taken steps amendment through action of the state leg­ overwhelming pressure from the states and to bring to justice the three Chilean offi­ islatures to deal with those situations in the people can no longer be ignored.• cials implicated in the Letelier-Moffitt mur­ which the people and the state legislatures ders. saw the problem and the need for change, This the Reagan administration is unable but in which the Congress was part of the CHANGE U.S. POLICY ON CHILE to do. Washington has gotten little in problem and would not act. That situation return for the largess it has showered on prevailed in 1912. It prevails equally in 1984. HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER Pinochet. The escalation of human rights Aside from the specious argument that a violations-more than 85 persons have been convention is "alien" to the constitutional OF ILLINOIS shot to death and 5,000 have been arrested process, we also hear other objections. It is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the last 10 months of national protests­ argued that our friends abroad would recoil Tuesday, April 24, 1984 has made a mockery of the administration's in horror at the prospect of a U.S. constitu­ argument that it can effectively discourage tional convention which would presumably e Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, the such behavior through "quiet diplomacy" destabilize America. But the Free World has Congress has been rightfully con­ and close diplomatic relations with Chile. been decimated by our interest rates and cerned over the past few years with All attempts to prod the Chilean authorities the dollar exchange rate which foreign fi­ recent events in Chile. I would like to to institute even superficial human rights nancial experts attribute to our huge defi­ call to the attention of my colleagues reforms that might enable the administra­ cits and general fiscal profligacy. A serious an excellent essay on this subject that tion to certify Chile, or to bring the killers effort to install long-term constitutional of Letelier and Moffitt to trial, have failed. control over U.S. fiscal practices would be appeared recently in the Chicago Trib­ Rather than a friend, Pinochet has welcomed by our friends abroad. une, written by Peter Kornbluh. In his proven a liability. Like the Shahs and Somo­ Also, we are bombarded with ominous sto­ article, Mr. Kornbluh discusses the di­ zas of this world, the general has become ries about a "runaway" constitutional con­ lemma we face in Chile and spells out his own worst enemy. Pinochet, who recent­ vention which, presumably, would repeal the tough choices that must be made ly told Newsweek magazine that "I get my the Bill of Rights, dismantle the Constitu­ there. I recommend this article be strength from God" and that "destiny" led tion and install some sort of totalitarian read by all my colleagues who are in­ him to rule Chile, now faces the worst crisis regime. Well, while we have not had a feder­ terested in resolving the contradiction in his 10 years in power. Once considered an al convention since 1787, there have been "economic miracle" by the international over 200 conventions held in various states, we seem to continually face in defin­ business community, the Chilean economy many of whose constitutions provide for ing and defending our priorities in is reeling under the worst depression in periodic conventions to propose amend­ dealing with dictatorships of the right Latin America. National protests, like the ments. Such gatherings have brought out and left in this hemisphere. one that shook Santiago late last month, the best, not the worst, in people's govern­ The essay follows: have been held almost every month since ment. [From the Chicago Tribune, Apr. 8, 19841 May, and thousands of Chileans have taken It is claimed that James Madison said that to the streets in unprecedented public dem­ a "new" constitutional convention would be CHANGE U.S. POLICY ON CHILE onstrations against a continuation of mili­ a cloud over the Constitution. He did indeed weapons is an­ novative new programs which provided represents a substantial amount of the op­ other possible step for U.S. arms controllers. renewed community interest and spirit position to Pinochet, from participating in a The Soviet Union has tested an ASAT in our schools, so critical to education, transition to democracy can only backfire while maintaining quality in the regu­ and lead to unnecessary animosity in U.S. weapon, and the United States now has relations with a post-Pinochet Chile. ASAT tests under way. Neither side has per­ lar classrooms. Change in Chile is in the air. The Reagan fected or deployed an ASAT weapon able to He created a senior citizens program administration may be forced to decide destroy vital communications and early­ in which seniors volunteered and whether to "stay the course" with Pinochet waming satellites. Why not seize the shared their time, talent, and consider­ or disassociate the United States from the moment and propose a mutual moratorium able knowledge and skills with young­ regime and pursue a policy predicated upon on ASAT tests and an immediate resump­ sters. a true concern for human rights and demo­ tion of negotiations toward a permanent He helped develop and expand the cratic principles. Washington can go down ban? specific language reading development the blood-soaked path of supporting an­ The Reagan administration should also other corrupt and vicious dictatorship to look for a creative way to resume European program which produced in­ the end. Or it can take the road not taken and inter-continental arms control talks. structional techniques for teachers in before, and establish a higher moral and Currently, medium-range "theater" weap­ 3d to 12th grade. pragmatic ground for our foreign policy ons deployed in Europe are discussed sepa­ He has also been very involved in toward Chile.e rately from long-range "strategic" arms. the talented and gifted program. The Merging the two would give the new Soviet school system now serves 6,000 stu­ leadership a face-saving way to restart arms dents identified as exceptional chil­ A WAY TO NEGOTIATE control talks, and make it easier to settle on dren. the kind of tradeoffs the Reagan adminis­ At the same time, he has provided HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. tration has said it wants. Some differences have prevented progress the system with two Science and Tech­ OF INDIANA in the area of strategic nuclear weapons. nology Centers at Roosevelt and Oxon IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Soviets would still like a treaty with Hill Senior High Schools. This innova­ Tuesday, April 24, 1984 SALT II's basic structure: limits on the tive program offers a highly stuctured • Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, these number of bombers and missile launchers. 4-year program in scientific and tech­ wise words by our colleague, LEE HAM­ Predictably, this offer is unacceptable to a nical fields as well as providing a well­ president who campaigned against SALT II. rounded normal high school program. ILTON, reflect a similar view summed Instead, the Reagan administration empha­ up by John F. Kennedy in his inaugu­ The program is offered by application sizes reducing the number of warheads on only and an entrance exam is required. ral address: "We should never negoti­ Soviet land-based missiles, where Moscow ate out of fear, but we should never has put most of its nuclear firepower. A Of the many hundreds of other pro­ fear to negotiate." good compromise would be for the United grams initiated or nurtured by Dr. LEE HAMILTON is clearly one of our States to agree to Soviet ceilings on missile Fenney, let me mention, in conclusion, most thoughtful and talented col­ launchers if, in tum, the Soviets agreed to his new office for business and indus­ leagues. U.S. proposals to cut missile warheads. The try within the superintendent's office. The following article appeared in demands of both sides could be met by two This office will work with local busi­ separate reduction schedules. ness and industry in developing part­ the Indianapolis News on March 31, Both superpowers have an interest in im­ 1984. nerships with the schools. These large proving "crisis communications," the net­ and small businesses will assist the CFrom the Indianapolis News, Mar. 31, 19841 work of satellite and telephone hookups school system in developing needed A WAY To NEGOTIATE which allows Washington to reach out and programs and will sponsor various . ments in maintaining and enhancing local taxes, Social Security taxes and the Yet the House's new tax bill would not the quality of education in Maryland.• gas tax, and by 1982's infamous TEFRA only increase taxes, but make the tax code Newsday, HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN to do so, however, for it has been Mar. 18, 19841 called to my attention that an unusual WE ARE ALL BEING RENDERED SENSELESS BY OF TENNESSEE and fine gentleman is visiting us. VIOLENCE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Goh Kheng Hock of Kuala Tuesday, April 24, 1984 Lumpur, Malaysia, is arriving this The spectacle of slow, timid, interminably week for a month-long tour of the debated responses to those who commit • Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, it seems United States. This is not his first visit crimes of murder, rape and assault clearly that researchers are discovering what to our country, and I am pleased to contributes to two blots on our national life. people back home have been saying say that the circumstances surround­ One is the failure to provide a civilized for years; that Knoxville is one of the ing his current stay are much more degree of protection and security to unof­ best cities in the country. A study con­ pleasant than the original occasion. fending citizens going about the daily func­ tions and activities of life. ducted by Dr. Robert M. Pierce, of the Mr. Hock first came to our country The second is the contribution-by-default State University of New York at Cort­ to have heart bypass surgery at the to a rising tolerance for violence and cruelty land, places Knoxville and Greens­ very fine Cleveland clinic in 1981. He that would have been unthinkable just a boro, NC, at the top of the list of shared facilities at the clinic with a few years ago. places to live in the United States. Dr. good friend and constituent of mine, In that it is subversive of the national Pierce ranked the 277 metropolitan Mr. John Shukwit, who was in the character, the second blot is even more areas in the country in a number of clinic for the same type of surgery. worrisome than the first. The first poses a These two gentlemen of very different threat but does not corrupt us. The second categories indicating the quality of life corrupts us by toughening us in ways that in a city. backgrounds became close friends reasonably humane people should not be Knoxvillians have always appreciat­ through their shared experience, and toughened. The brutalization of America ed the beauty of their surroundings, it is through Mr. Shukwit that I has progressed to a point sometimes diffi­ the mild climate, the recreational became aware of Mr. Hock. Mr. Shuk­ cult for us, caught up in it, to clearly see. wit and Mr. Hock are renewing their Yet in the perspective of many other value of the Great Smoky Mountains friendship with this visit, and I am countries, and in the perspective of an earli­ and TVA lakes. In recent years we pleased that they are able to as result er America we learn about, or ourselves re­ have witnessed the growth of high of lives which have been extended member, our present short-lived and casual­ technology firms along the technology through the contributions of our fine ly felt reactions to the everyday civil vio­ corridor between Knoxville and Oak medical community. I wish them both lence around us is shocking. Ridge. The University of Tennessee In 1924 the murder of young Bobby many more years of good health and Franks in Chicago by Richard Loeb and offers higher education opportunities happiness. Nathan Leopold had such an impact that it to all residents of the State, and is a Mr. Hock has made a strong contri­ became and long remained the "crime of the showcase for cultural, academic, and bution to his own country as an invest­ century" in the public mind. The subse­ athletic activities. ment broker with the firm of Seagrott quent trial was big news for months. Today Many visitors from around the world & Campbell, and I know both Malay­ it could not cause a fraction of such a na­ tional stir, and even in Chicago could not enjoyed these qualities in 1982 when sia and America will profit through compete in public attention and memory Knoxville hosted the World's Fair. It this mutually beneficial exchange. with the sadistic mass murderers Richard was in other areas, however, that The sharing of ideas and cultures on a Speck . politan areas and judged them on eco­ increasingly tense world. In 1954 Marilyn Sheppard was murdered nomics, climate, crime, housing, educa­ I am pleased to take this opportuni­ in Bay Village, Ohio, a lakeshore communi­ ty to welcome Mr. Goh Kheng Hock to ty bordering Cleveland. The national and tion, health care, recreation, transpor­ international interest was such during the tation, and the arts. A greater weight the United States. I hope his visit will trial of her husband that for many years, an was given to the first four categories, be most enjoyable and that he will American abroad who mentioned "Bay Vil­ which have the greatest impact on an have the opportunity to make many lage" or "Cleveland" to a French person or individual's life in a city. Knoxville's new friends while he is here.e a Greek or German or Japanese would as often as not be asked, "Was Dr. Sam economic opportunities, low crime guilty?" No more. rate, and low housing costs, as well as TOLERATING VIOLENCE No longer is there such instant interna­ its climate, were the attributes which tional celebrity status for somebody-or­ placed Knoxville above the rest. HON. EDWARD F. FEIGHAN other Corona in California (25 victims) or Dr. Pierce will present the complete the Rev. Jim Jones follower (accused but results of his study to the Association OF OHIO never convicted of the airport murders that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES preceded the Jonestown mass suicide/ of American Geographers at a meeting murder> or that guy-whose-name-1-can't-re­ in the Nation's Capital this week.e Tuesday, April 24, 1984 member who tortured and killed dozens of • Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, every men and boys in Texas or that other guy day we open a newspaper or switch on whose-name-I-don't-know who had a federal judge murdered somewhere in the West or the news to learn of yet another crazy whatshisname who claims to have murdered killer, yet another case of child abuse, more than 100 people. yet another brutal rape. For a One wonders how much more savagery we moment, we are shocked. But then we will be able to incorporate into our concep- April 24, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9793 tion of normal peacetime life and pass on to His contributions to the Jewish com­ work of the security division is evi­ coming generations' conception of normal­ munity are both extensive and com­ denced by the 19 awards for meritori­ cy. mendable. Eli has worked to make or­ ous action which have been received As we have been hammered by real-life ganizations with which he is affiliated by members of the division. Eight and popular-entertainment displays of cru­ elty and violence, the unspeakable has important forces in the community. members of the security division, who become speakable, the incredible has Eli is a member of the national execu­ have been recognized for effecting become credible, the unbearable has become tive committee of the Anti-Defama­ quality arrests, are: Sargeant Maldon­ bearable. And the violence has become per­ tion League of B'nai B'rith; a national ado, Security Assistant Peter A. Her­ vasive and the violent are becoming increas­ vice chairman of the Large City Budg­ kenham, Security Officer Curtis G. ingly brazen. eting Conference of the Council of Fields, Security Officer Robert J. Mul­ A few highly publicized and much ago­ Jewish Welfare Divisions; key commit­ laney, Security Officer Bernard O'Cal­ nized-over executions of convicted murder­ laghan, Security Officer Dennis R. ers do not alter the basic fact that tough­ tees and the board of directors of the ness on violent criminals is neither a Jewish Federation Council of Greater Pogan, Security Officer Patrick M. present problem nor a looming danger in ; vice president of the Reilly, and Security Officer Edward V. America. The conspicuous absence of such Brandeis-Bardin Institute; vice presi­ Grace. consistent, to-be-expected toughness now dent of Temple Israel and is on the In addition to their law enforcement and the possible later explosion of an indis­ board of the Nathan Adelson Hospice. work, the division has gone forward criminate overtoughness neither tempered His other affiliations include the with other civic-minded activities. The by mercy nor guided by reason is a potential board of directors of the Los Angeles division has formulated and will dis­ problem and danger. Civil libertarians should get it clear in Club and French-American Chamber tribute to all tenants a personal securi­ their minds, and then help make it clear to of Commerce, and the advisory council ty reference guide which outlines pre­ the country, that their major concern is to to the mayor for the department of cautions that promote individual and fight for the rights of the innocent and the water and power. community safety and six of the possibly innocent, not to endlessly plead the Professionally, Eli serves on the ad­ patrol supervisors are qualified in car­ cause of the guilty in the name of all the visory board of the School of Business, diopulmonary resuscitation. rest of us. Sentimental slogans to the con­ University of California, Riverside. Eli At a time when one hears so much trary, the two are not the same. The sappy and his wife, Michele, are the parents about the breakdown in law enforce­ rhetoric which for years has equated impas­ sioned defense of the clearly guilty with an of two sons and one daughter. ment, it is worthwhile to give special enlargement of everyone's rights has prob­ For his selfless dedication to his pro­ recognition to this security division's ably had its day. fession, his faith, his community and effective anticrime efforts.e The right people in the country had his family, I ask the Members to join better recognize this in time, and act upon the board of directors of the City of it. If Americans with equalitarian, compas­ Hope and myself in paying tribute to PRESIDENTIAL RANK AWARD sionate and humanitarian impulses abrogate Mr. Eli Boyer.e this responsibility, they are going to turn HON. BILL CHAPPELL, JR. the game over to persons and groups with­ OF FLORIDA out such impulses. A TRIBUTE TO THE STUYVE- But why, at bottom, are so many contem­ SANT TOWN AND PETER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES porary Americans capable of doing such vio­ COOPER SECURITY DIVISION Tuesday, April 24, 1984 lence, often sadistically cruelly, in peace­ time life, to other human beings-often un­ e Mr. CHAPPELL. Mr. Speaker, I offending persons unknown to them and HON. BILL GREEN would like to share with my fellow col­ even, sickeningly, such helpless victims as OF NEW YORK leagues, the achievements of a man re­ children, the elderly and the infirm? Isn't IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cently honored with the highest recog­ this a more fundamental question than any nition given Federal executives. Mal­ questions of apprehension, trial and punish­ Tuesday, April 24, 1984 colm Randall, Director of the VA Med­ ment? It is, but we have no right to let kill­ • Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, it is my ical Center in Gainesville, FL, was pre­ ers roam until we can better answer it.e great pleasure to bring to the atten­ sented with the Presidential Rank tion of my colleagues in the U.S. Award during recent White House A TRIBUTE TO MR. ELI BOYER House of Representatives the out­ ceremonies. President Reagan told Mr. standing work of the security division Randall and other recipients that they in the Stuyvesant Town and Peter are "the people who are responsible HON. HOW ARD L. BERMAN Cooper Village community-a New for making our Government work.'' OF CALIFORNIA York City community which it is my Mr. Speaker, Mr. Randall is a friend IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pleasure to represent. Due to the dili­ and fellow Floridian responsible for gence of the community's security di­ helping veterans throughout our coun­ Tuesday, April 24, 1984 vision, the residents here consider this try, through his contributions at e Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is the safest place to live in Manhattan. Gainesville's VA Medical Center, and rare that I have an opportunity to rec­ When called upon, the security offi­ his work with the VA since 1946. Mal­ ognize the efforts of an accomplished cers respond quickly and show a sensi­ colm Randall was instrumental in the citizen who has given years of service tivity and kindness toward the resi­ medical center's opening in 1967 and to his community who is also a close dents. has been its only Director. He served 5 friend. On May 17, 1984, Mr. Eli Boyer The security division has no small years as Chairman of the VA Chief will be presented with the City of task in keeping the area safe for its Medical Director's Advisory Council, Hope's award, the Spirit of Life. Eli's residents of Stuyvesant Town and and was recently elected to the Na­ dedication to his profession along with Peter Cooper Village, which is a virtu­ tional Academy of Sciences Institute his involvement in many community al city within a city. The officers are for Medicine. Mr. Randall is also a activities and civic activities make him responsible for the safety of almost professor of health and hospital ad­ a deserving recipient of this most pres­ 30,000 tenants in 110 buildings situat­ ministration at the University of Flor­ tigious award. ed on 84 acres of land. The division op­ ida's College of Health and Related Eli presently is a senior partner in erates 24 hours per day, 7 days per Professions. the international accounting firm of week. The accomplishments of Mr. Ran­ Laventhol & Horwath. His profession­ The division works in close conjunc­ dall go on and on, and many cannot be al accomplishments incude an exper­ tion with the members of the 13th expressed through a title or explana­ tise in many areas of the field of ac­ precinct and other law enforcement tion because they involve him person­ counting. units and agencies. The outstanding ally through sacrifices he has made 9794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 24, 1984 for others. The Presidential Rank tion recently sent its proposed legisla­ contrary. Moreover, whatever crime reduc­ Award is given each year to those tion to Congress, and the subcommit­ tion is possible under these proposals would senior Federal executives who show tee will, of course, look carefully at it. require fiscal costs unacceptable to the sustained, extraordinary accomplish­ I expect to complete hearings on crime American public. It is highly misleading, if not cruel, to suggest to our citizens worried ment in management of the programs victim legislation in early June. about crime that preventive detention or of the U.S. Government. The award In addition to these major projects, modification of the exclusionary rule, even itself consists of a check for $20,000 the subcommittee has been working if applied in State proceedings, would make and a plaque. It is authorized under on several other matters. The subcom­ our streets any safer. the 1978 Civil Service Reform Act, mittee has already held hearings on There are, however, a number of facets of which encourages compensation of some of these matters, such as improv­ the criminal justice system, some of which Government employees based on per­ ing Federal criminal fine collection are addressed in the Senate legislation, that formance. and H.R. 4826, a bill to prohibit non­ are in need of reform. Changes in these consensual tape recording of tele­ areas will both facilitate the delivery of jus­ Mr. Speaker, I am proud to know tice and help restore the public's respect for Malcom Randall, as I am sure anyone phone calls by Federal officials. Other the system. In three of the most significant that knows him is proud, but not just matters, such as bank fraud and bank of these, the Criminal Justice Subcommit­ because of this award, but because he bribery and contraband in Federal tee, which I chair, is in the midst of diligent is one of the finest Americans around prisons, will be the subject of hearings efforts to achieve reform. today, a man well-deserving of his na­ in May and ought to be ready for During the first session of this Congress, tional distinction. I am thankful to markup. Some portions of S. 1762 the Subcommittee devoted considerable have this opportunity to acknowledge pending before the subcommittee effort to legislation to reform the insanity Malcom's accomplishments, and the appear to be noncontroversial, and the defense in Federal court. This legislation, subcommittee may be able to mark similar to provisions in the Senate-passed fact that he has received the recogni­ bill, was reported by the Judiciary Commit­ tion he deserves through this award them up without the necessity of a tee on the last day of the last session. I am for exemplary service.e hearing. currently attempting to resolve some of the The subcommittee schedule through concerns expressed by my colleagues about the end of the Memorial Day district this legislation so that in the near future a ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBCOM­ work period is as follows: bill enjoying strong bipartisan support may MITTEE ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE Wednesday, April 25-hearing on be presented to the full House. THROUGH THE MEMORIAL H.R. 5406, the Foreign Evidence Rules At the beginning of this session, the Sub­ DAY DISTRICT WORK PERIOD Amendment Act of 1984-10 a.m., committee began hearings on sentencing room 2226, Rayburn House Office reform proposals. Both the Chairman of the Judiciary Committee and I have expressed HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. Building. our strong support for such reform by the OF MICHIGAN Thursday, April 26-hearing on H.R. introduction of reform legislation. Four IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 5405, the Financial Bribery and Fraud days of hearings have been held, and an ad­ Amendments Act of 1984-10 a.m., ditional four are scheduled. I fully expect to Tuesday, April 24, 1984 room 2226, Rayburn House Office complete the hearings by mid-May. This e Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, a Building. should leave more than ample time for sen­ recent edition of the "Lawmakers" on Wednesday, May 2-hearing on H.R. tencing reform legislation to move through PBS included a segment which fo­ 5477, a bill to amend title 18 of the the remainder of the legislative process. I United States Code with respect to must, however, add one note of caution: I do cused upon the activities of the House not believe that sentencing reform will be regarding criminal justice legislation, providing or possessing contraband in achievable this Congress unless that issue is and in particular upon the work of the a prison. kept separate from the highly volatile ques­ Subcommittee on Criminal Justice. Al­ Thursday, May 3-hearing on sen­ tion of the death penalty. though I submitted a letter describing tencing reform legislation. The third major area involves legislation my views and the plans of the subcom­ Wednesday, May 9-hearing on sen­ to help the innocent victims of crime. For mittee, the contents of my letter were tencing reform legislation. many years, the criminal justice system has not adequately described. I am, there­ Thursday, May 10-hearing on sen- tended to overlook the particular needs of tencing reform legislation. crime victims. Indeed, the criminal justice ! ore, taking this opportunity to review system has, with some fairness, been ac­ for my colleagues the activities of the Wednesday, May 16-markup. cused of further victimizing crime victims. subcommittee during this session, as Thursday, May 17-markup. Last year, Representative Peter W. Rodino, well as to include the letter in the Wednesday, May 23-markup. Jr., together with some 50 other Members RECORD. CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, of Congress, introduced legislation to help The Subcommittee on Criminal Jus­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, crime victims. The Subcommittee has held 5 tice has been working on two major Washington, DC, April 10, 1984. days of hearings on the legislation. Just re­ projects this session. The first is sen­ Ms. NINA GILDEN, cently, the Administration sent its proposal Producer, Lawmakers, WETA-TV, Arlington, to the Congress, and said that enactment of tencing reform legislation. Both the VA. legislation to help crime victims has a high chairman of the Judiciary Committee DEAR Ms. GILDEN: I regret that my sched­ priority. The Subcommittee will have 2 days