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John S. Cummins VATICAN II BISHOP of OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, 1977

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John S. Cummins VATICAN II BISHOP of OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, 1977 John S. Cummins VATICAN II BISHOP OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, 1977-2003 Interviews conducted 2014-2015 by Germaine LaBerge A Donated Oral History Copyright © 2018 by The Regents of the University of California Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of Northern California, the West, and the nation. Oral history is a method of collecting historical information through tape-recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well-informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. The audio recording is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The corrected manuscript is bound with photographs and illustrative materials and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and in other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. ********************************* All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between The Regents of the University of California and Bishop John S. Cummins dated February 22, 2015. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. Excerpts up to 1000 words from this interview may be quoted for publication without seeking permission as long as the use is non-commercial and properly cited. Requests for permission to quote for publication should be addressed to The Bancroft Library, ATTN: Permission & Access Officer, University of California, Berkeley, 94720-6000, and should follow instructions available online. http://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/bancroftdupeperm/permission It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: John S. Cummins, “Vatican II Bishop of Oakland, California, 1977-2003,” an oral history conducted in 2014 and 2015 by Germaine K. LaBerge, Oakland, California, 2015. John Paul II audience ad limnina 1998 Bishop John Cummins circa 1995 TABLE OF CONTENTS—BISHOP JOHN S. CUMMINS INTERVIEW HISTORY by Germaine LaBerge i INTERVIEW 1: October 17, 2014 1 Irish family background, childhood in Berkeley from 1928 on — St. Augustine’s Parish and School — Influence of Mother and Father — Minor Seminary, 1941-1947 — Pope John XXIII — Ordination to the priesthood, 1953 — First assignment, Mission Dolores, San Francisco — Newman Club at San Francisco State University INTERVIEW 2: October 24, 2014 35 Travels to Ireland and the Continent, 1956 — First visit home for parents — Shrine at Knock and reflection on prayer — First visit to Rome and Italy — Teaching Speech and Drama at Bishop O’Dowd High School, Oakland — Taking classes at Dominican College — Chaplaincy at Mills College, Oakland — Quality of Mills’ students — More on teaching — Influence of Professor Raymond Sontag at UC Berkeley — Professors William Bouwsma and Henry May — Beginnings of Graduate Theological Union (GTU) — Bishop Begin and transition to position as Chancellor of the Diocese INTERVIEW 3: November 6, 2014 66 Election of Pope John XXIII, 1958 — First two encyclicals — Chancellor of the Diocese — Bishop Begin, ecumenism, and more on GTU beginnings — More on Conference on Religion and Race, Chicago — Catholic Interracial Council — Summer programs at inner city schools in Oakland — Issue of The Catcher in the Rye — Liturgies at St. Francis de Sales Cathedral — Personnel Work as Chancellor — Reaction to Humanae Vitae, 1968 INTERVIEW 4: November 20, 2014 92 Attendance at Second Vatican Council, 1963 — Smorgasbord of theology in Rome — Immediate implementation of changes in the liturgy — Issues of collegiality, ecumenism — American contribution to religious liberty — Aside on George Crespin and the primacy of conscience — Yves Congar — American Baptist-Roman Catholic dialogue — Document on Religious Life — Oakland’s diocesan paper, The Catholic Voice — Change in approach to scripture and tradition — Concept of The People of God — Appointing laity to positions of responsibility INTERVIEW 5: January 13, 2015 121 Rumford Fair Housing Act, 1964, and Civil Rights — Parish Councils after Vatican II — Monsignor John Connolly — Becoming Auxiliary Bishop of Sacramento, with advice from dad and Ray Sontag — Working with Bishop Bell — Relationship between Diocese of Los Angeles and Sacramento — California Catholic Conference — Meetings with Governor Jerry Brown and the Agricultural Labor Relations Act, 1975 — Brother Ben’s illness — Stepping down as bishop of Oakland, 2001, and Coadjutor Allen H. Vigneron — Beginning days as bishop of Oakland INTERVIEW 6: January 22, 2015 149 Fundraising and donations to the diocese — Trip to Nome, Alaska, with Julia Weber — Anecdote about Sally Stanford from Sausalito — Wayne and Gladys Valley — Building the Cathedral of Christ the Light: site, architects, fundraising — Orientation for Bishop Vigneron — Opus Dei presence — Relationship of religious orders to the diocese — Contributions of women INTERVIEW 7: January 29, 2015 178 Memories of Nobel laureate Charles Townes and the Pontifical Academy of Science — The Diocese, GTU, and UC Berkeley connections — Lawrence Livermore Lab and nuclear arms — Relationship with UCB Chancellors Roger Heyns, Mike Heyman, and Chang-Lin Tien — National Catholic Bioethics Center — Other colleges in the diocese — St. Mary’s College Institute — Science and Human Values Committee — More on the Jesuit School at GTU INTERVIEW 8: February 5, 2015 208 Place of religion in the university — One issue with GTU, 1990s — Diocesan schools — Travel in Asia and Federation of Asian Bishops — Welcoming foreign visitors to Oakland — Thomas Liang and Catholic school in Hong Kong — Asian spirituality and devotion to the Holy Father — Visits to China and Mongolia — Inclusion of ethnic populations in the church INTERVIEW 9: March 5, 2015 238 Clergy sexual abuse in the Catholic Church — Counseling and listening: the divorced, gays and lesbians, the abused — Openness to dialogue and taking criticism — Science and technology and the church — Importance of dialogue — Future of the Church — Hope i Interview History by Germaine LaBerge John S. Cummins, retired bishop of the Diocese of Oakland, is one of the last living Americans who attended the Second Vatican Council. Carlo Busby, former pastor of Holy Spirit Parish/Newman Hall in Berkeley, California, with his keen interest in history, first suggested documenting the life of Bishop Cummins. At the time, the bishop was totally engrossed in writing a series of essays on the history of the diocese under the late Bishop Floyd Begin, the beginnings of the Graduate Theological Union (GTU), the connections between UC Berkeley faculty, GTU and Newman Hall. Once the bishop had completed his book and had spoken with friend and former Chancellor of the Diocese, the Reverend George Crespin, about his own interviews, he became interested in recording his memoir. As a retired oral historian, I became the lucky interviewer. Fostered by Karl Pister, Franciscan School Regent and former GTU Trustee, the planning session went well—over lunch at The Faculty Club on the Berkeley campus. We started recording our conversations on October 17, 2014. The nine interviews were transcribed by Kathleen Zvanovec. I edited the transcript for clarity as did Bishop Cummins. We kept as close to the bishop’s unique speaking style as possible and included some repeat stories as each added to the historical record in a different way. Please read this volume in conjunction with the oral history of Father George Crespin (A Vatican II Priest’s Faith Journey), at the Oral History Center, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. (Available online.) We met at the bishop’s home in Oakland near Lake Merritt in a comfortable living room adjacent to his office and chapel. Ever gracious, he called ahead to inquire about what was needed in terms of a table, electrical outlets, noise, and even offered lunch. The bishop’s warmth and thoughtfulness set the tone throughout. John Cummins was born into a warm and loving Catholic family, both his mother and father Irish immigrants. Those who listen to the recordings can hear the occasional Irish turn of phrase and even a slight accent. What the reader or listener cannot experience, though, is the easy smile, the twinkle in the eye, the brightness and optimism, even in the face of difficult situations and momentous decisions. The hallmark of the bishop’s style has always been consultation, collaboration and inclusion. He is unafraid to ask advice and/or to listen to divergent points of view. Early on, he adopted the Vatican II concept of the People of God—evident in his outreach and decision-making. John Cummins is gregarious, appreciative of “his people,” meaning not only his parishioners but also his staff whom he obviously cared for like the good shepherd he was, and still is. The interviews that follow are casual conversations which paint a picture of a deeply spiritual, talented and humble human being who was thrust into positions of leadership at an early age. It does not pretend to be an all-encompassing
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