ICRC. Violence Against Health Care
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
S/PV.8499 International Humanitarian Law 01/04/2019
United Nations S/ PV.8499 Security Council Provisional Seventy-fourth year 8499th meeting Monday, 1 April 2019, 3 p.m. New York President: Mr. Maas ...................................... (Germany) Members: Belgium ....................................... Mr. Pecsteen de Buytswerve China ......................................... Mr. Ma Zhaoxu Côte d’Ivoire ................................... Mr. Adom Dominican Republic .............................. Mr. Singer Weisinger Equatorial Guinea ............................... Mr. Esono Mbengono France ........................................ Mr. Le Drian Indonesia. Mr. Djani Kuwait ........................................ Sheikh Al Sabah Peru .......................................... Mr. Duclos Poland ........................................ Mr. Czaputowicz Russian Federation ............................... Mr. Kuzmin South Africa ................................... Mr. Matjila United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .. Mr. Allen United States of America .......................... Mr. Cohen Agenda The promotion and strengthening of the rule of law in the maintenance of international peace and security International humanitarian law . This record contains the text of speeches delivered in English and of the translation of speeches delivered in other languages. The final text will be printed in the Official Records of the Security Council. Corrections should be submitted to the original languages only. They should be incorporated in a copy of the record and sent under the signature of a member of the delegation concerned to the Chief of the Verbatim Reporting Service, room U-0506 ([email protected]). Corrected records will be reissued electronically on the Official Document System of the United Nations (http://documents.un.org). 19-09349 (E) *1909349* S/PV.8499 International humanitarian law 01/04/2019 The meeting was called to order at 3.05 p.m. (spoke in English) Before giving the floor to our briefers, I would like Expression of thanks to the outgoing President to make a few short remarks. -
Grade 7 Mini-Assessment Boston Massacre Set
Grade 7 Mini-Assessment Boston Massacre Set This grade 7 mini-assessment is based two passages: “The Boston Massacre” and “Excerpt from The Boston Massacre.” These texts are considered to be worthy of students’ time to read and also meet the expectations for text complexity at grade 7. Assessments aligned to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) will employ quality, complex texts such as these. Questions aligned to the CCSS should be worthy of students’ time to answer and therefore do not focus on minor points of the text. Questions also may address several standards within the same question because complex texts tend to yield rich assessment questions that call for deep analysis. In this mini-assessment there are nine selected-response questions and two paper/pencil equivalents of a technology enhanced item that address the Reading Standards listed below, and one optional constructed-response question that addresses the Reading, Writing, and Language Standards listed below. We encourage educators to give students the time that they need to read closely and write to the source. While we know that it is helpful to have students complete the mini-assessment in one class period, we encourage educators to allow additional time as necessary. Note for teachers of English Language Learners (ELLs): This assessment is designed to measure students’ ability to read and write in English. Therefore, educators will not see the level of scaffolding typically used in instructional materials to support ELLs—these would interfere with the ability to understand their mastery of these skills. If ELL students are receiving instruction in grade-level ELA content, they should be given access to unaltered practice assessment items to gauge their progress. -
The Nobel Peace Prize
TITLE: Learning From Peace Makers OVERVIEW: Students examine The Dalai Lama as a Nobel Laureate and compare / contrast his contributions to the world with the contributions of other Nobel Laureates. SUBJECT AREA / GRADE LEVEL: Civics and Government 7 / 12 STATE CONTENT STANDARDS / BENCHMARKS: -Identify, research, and clarify an event, issue, problem or phenomenon of significance to society. -Gather, use, and evaluate researched information to support analysis and conclusions. OBJECTIVES: The student will demonstrate the ability to... -know and understand The Dalai Lama as an advocate for peace. -research and report the contributions of others who are recognized as advocates for peace, such as those attending the Peace Conference in Portland: Aldolfo Perez Esquivel, Robert Musil, William Schulz, Betty Williams, and Helen Caldicott. -compare and contrast the contributions of several Nobel Laureates with The Dalai Lama. MATERIALS: -Copies of biographical statements of The Dalai Lama. -List of Nobel Peace Prize winners. -Copy of The Dalai Lama's acceptance speech for the Nobel Peace Prize. -Bulletin board for display. PRESENTATION STEPS: 1) Students read one of the brief biographies of The Dalai Lama, including his Five Point Plan for Peace in Tibet, and his acceptance speech for receiving the Nobel Prize for Peace. 2) Follow with a class discussion regarding the biography and / or the text of the acceptance speech. 3) Distribute and examine the list of Nobel Peace Prize winners. 4) Individually, or in cooperative groups, select one of the Nobel Laureates (give special consideration to those coming to the Portland Peace Conference). Research and prepare to report to the class who the person was and why he / she / they won the Nobel Prize. -
Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, and Ugandacsome Attracting Intervention from Neighboring Countries
Two Steps Forward, One Step Back? The year saw no seismic shifts for the better for human rights prospects in the continent. But in a relative sense the backdrop improved, thanks principally to the switch from military to civilian rule in Nigeria, and the successful second democratic elections in South Africa. Not surprisingly, the gloom elsewhere in the continent obscured these and a few other positive developments. But in a difficult environment, the changes, especially in Nigeria, which had been on the critical list for so long, gave some comfort. With their governments committed to human rights promotion and working jointly, Nigeria and South AfricaCwhose economic and military power by far outranked any other country in AfricaCcould provide the region with a more coherent vision of the future and a creative surge of political, economic, and cultural activity. Nigeria Back in the Thick of Things Fingers crossed, Nigeria went to the polls between December 1998 and February 1999. Few leaders had to preside over such a critical juncture of a nation=s history as President Olusegun Obasanjo when he was inaugurated as president on May 29. After being sworn into office, President Obasanjo=s first actions included sacking over 150 military officers, ordering a review of all the contracts that his predecessor signed during the year, and setting up an inquiry into human rights abuses. Even some of the fiercest critics of the governments who argued that it had yet to make lasting changes, acknowledged that there was greater individual freedom. At the international level, Nigeria regained credibility in international circles and found a new self-assurance after years of isolation as a pariah state. -
50 Cent to Join Eminem Shade 45 Channel Shade 45 Channel
50 Cent To Join Eminem Shade 45 Channel Shade 45 Channel "G Unit Radio" to Air All Day Saturdays With a Lineup of DJs and Shows NEW YORK – February 24, 2005 – SIRIUS Satellite Radio (NASDAQ: SIRI) announced today that multi-platinum artist 50 Cent will create and host exclusive programming on Shade 45, the new uncensored hip-hop radio channel co-produced by SIRIUS and Eminem. 50 Cent will oversee G Unit Radio, which will take over Shade 45 all day on Saturdays with an innovative mix of shows and DJs produced by his own DJ, Whoo Kid. “I’m bringing my A-game to SIRIUS,”said 50 Cent. “G Unit Radio is gonna blow up on Shade 45.” “Eminem and 50 Cent are two of the biggest names in hip-hop today" said SIRIUS President of Sports and Entertainment Scott Greenstein. “On Shade 45, 50 Cent will bring G Unit’s world to SIRIUS listeners.” SIRIUS launched Shade 45, the uncensored, commercial-free hip-hop music channel created by Eminem, Shady Records, Interscope Records and SIRIUS in October 2004. The channel also features other high profile figures in the world of hip-hop, including Eminem’s own DJ Green Lantern and Radio/Mixshow DJ of the Year Clinton Sparks. The channel also regularly features celebrity guests. 50 Cent, one of the most notorious figures in rap music, is also one of its most successful. His 2003 debut album, Get Rich or Die Tryin’, has sold more than 11 million copies. He has launched a successful G Unit clothing and footwear line, and can also be seen in an upcoming Jim Sheridan film, which is reported to be a semi-autobiographical film based on his ascension from drug dealer to superstar. -
CTC Sentinel 4
JULY 2011 . VOL 4 . ISSUE 7 COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER AT WEST POINT CTC SentineL OBJECTIVE . RELEVANT . RIGOROUS Contents The JRTN Movement and Iraq’s FEATURE ARTICLE 1 The JRTN Movement and Iraq’s Next Insurgency Next Insurgency By Michael Knights By Michael Knights REPORTS 6 Anwar al-`Awlaqi’s Disciples: Three Case Studies By Alexander Meleagrou-Hitchens 10 Will Al-Qa`ida and Al-Shabab Formally Merge? By Leah Farrall 12 The Somali Diaspora: A Key Counterterrorism Ally By Major Josh Richardson 15 David Hicks’ Memoir: A Deceptive Account of One Man’s Journey with Al-Qa`ida By Ken Ward 17 Hizb al-Tahrir: A New Threat to the Pakistan Army? By Arif Jamal 20 The Significance of Fazal Saeed’s Defection from the Pakistani Taliban By Daud Khattak JRTN leader Izzat Ibrahim al-Duri, seen here in 1999. - Photo by Salah Malkawi/Getty Images 22 Recent Highlights in Terrorist Activity he stabilization of iraq This article argues that one driver for 24 CTC Sentinel Staff & Contacts has become wedged on a the ongoing resilience, or even revival, plateau, beyond which further of Sunni militancy is the growing improvement will be a slow influence of the Jaysh Rijal al-Tariq al- Tprocess. According to incident metrics Naqshabandi (JRTN) movement, which compiled by Olive Group, the average has successfully tapped into Sunni Arab monthly number of insurgent attacks fear of Iraq’s Shi`a-led government and between January and June 2011 was the country’s Kurdish population, while 380.1 The incident count in January offering an authentic Iraqi alternate to About the CTC Sentinel was 376, indicating that incident levels al-Qa`ida in Iraq (AQI). -
Medical War Crimes
Medical War Crimes Sigrid Mehring* A. von Bogdandy and R. Wolfrum, (eds.), Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law, Volume 15, 2011, p. 229-279. © 2011 Koninklijke Brill N.V. Printed in The Netherlands. 230 Max Planck UNYB 15 (2011) I. Introduction II. Medical War Crimes 1. Medical Grave Breaches and Medical War Crimes 2. Medical Aspects of the Classic Grave Breaches III. Medical War Crimes in International Criminal Law 1. The ICTY and ICTR Statutes 2. The Rome Statute IV. National Implementation: The German Example V. The Prosecution of Medical War Crimes 1. The Doctors’ Trial of 1947 2. The Ntakirutimana Trial of 2003 3. General Observations concerning Prosecution VI. Possible Defenses to Medical War Crimes 1. Superior Orders 2. Mistake of Fact 3. Necessity and Duress 4. Consent of the Patient VII. Conclusion Mehring, Medical War Crimes 231 I. Introduction Physicians have always played an important role in armed conflicts be- ing the first to treat wounded and sick combatants, prisoners of war, and civilians. This makes them an important, essential category of ac- tors in armed conflicts, a role which is reflected in the laws of war.1 In granting first aid and emergency care, physicians can fulfill a further role by reporting on human rights abuses or violations of international humanitarian law.2 They are thus in a privileged position to watch over the rights of the victims of armed conflicts. However, their position is also susceptible to abuse. Physicians have always used armed conflicts for their own gain, to further their medical skills or to use their skills to enhance military gains or further medical science. -
Medical Neutrality
1�8 Media – Medical Neutrality Chouliaraki, L. (2006) The Spectatorship of Suffering. Sage Publications. Powers, M. (2014) The Structural Organization of ngo Publicity Work: Explaining Divergent Publicity Strategies at Humanitarian and Human Rights Organizations. International Journal of Communication, 8: 90–107. Robinson, P. (2002) The cnn Effect. The Myth of News, Foreign Policy and Intervention. Routledge. Singer, P. (1972) Famine, Affluence, and Morality. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 1(3): 229–243. Medical Neutrality Medical neutrality refers to the principle of non-interference with medical ser- vices during conflicts and other humanitarian crises. The concept of medical neutrality is grounded in statutes in international humanitarian law (ihl) and international human rights law, and is informed by ethical codes such as the Hippocratic Oath (Bouchet-Saulnier et al. 2013; Roberts and VanRooyen 2013). It requires three things: (1) the protection of and non-interference with the operations of medical facilities, medical transport, and medical personnel; (2) the provision of the best medical care possible to all who need medical atten- tion, combatants and non-combatants alike, regardless of their political affili- ation or participation in conflicts and politics; and most generally, (3) the man- date that warring factions both protect and refrain from targeting civilians during conflicts. Numerous non-governmental aid and human rights organiza- tions, United Nations agencies, and state signatories to international laws and treaties support and variably enact the principle of medical neutrality. For ex- ample, alongside the International Committee of the Red Cross (icrc), Physi- cians for Human Rights has led many initiatives to define and enforce medical neutrality. -
Aggression As a Contextual War Crime Rachel E
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Case Western Reserve University School of Law Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law Volume 48 | Issue 1 2016 Criminally Disproportionate Warfare: Aggression as a Contextual War Crime Rachel E. VanLandingham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/jil Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Rachel E. VanLandingham, Criminally Disproportionate Warfare: Aggression as a Contextual War Crime, 48 Case W. Res. J. Int'l L. 215 (2016) Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/jil/vol48/iss1/13 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Journals at Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law by an authorized administrator of Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 48 (2016) Criminally Disproportionate Warfare: Aggression As A Contextual War Crime Rachel E. VanLandingham* International law has long recognized the general principle that an illegal act cannot produce legal rights. Yet, this principle of ex injuria jus non oritur is seemingly ignored in the uneasy relationship between the two international legal regimes most associated with war. A head of State can, for example, violate international law regulating the resort to armed force by ordering his military forces to illegally invade another country, yet he, through his military forces, simultaneously and subsequently benefits on the battlefield from the application of the separate body of international law regulating the actual conduct of war. -
Understanding and Preventing Attacks on Health Facilities During Armed Conflict in Syria
Risk Management and Healthcare Policy Dovepress open access to scientific and medical research Open Access Full Text Article PERSPECTIVES Understanding and Preventing Attacks on Health Facilities During Armed Conflict in Syria This article was published in the following Dove Press journal: Risk Management and Healthcare Policy Abdulaziz Omar Background: Despite healthcare facilities being deemed untouchable in times of conflict, the war in Syria has seen its government as well as opposition forces, target their people and Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK infrastructure as a strategy of war. Violations of medical neutrality and International Humanitarian Law has led to the loss of countless medical personnel, civilians and health care facilities; setting the country back to health levels last seen thirty years ago. It is evident through the strategy of the Syrian and Russian government that healthcare facilities are being deliberately targeted with humanitarian organisations condemning all parties involved for violating the Geneva Conventions. The report examines the impact of the conflict in Syria on its health facilities and looks at the reasons why these services are under attack and the international response to the conflict. The report concludes by looking into plans currently implemented to protect our healthcare infrastructure during times of war whilst comparing it to past strategies. For personal use only. Methods: A literature review was conducted for the study with information and data collected through several search engines including Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, OVID and searches through Google. The keywords mapped to find relevant literature includes “Syria”, “healthcare”, “health care worker”, “humanitarian aid”, and “volunteer”, “International Humanitarian Law”, “Geneva Convention”. -
The Consequences of Russo-Georgian War
Mise au Point A Russian convoy outside the village of Dzhaba in South Ossetia Photo : Dmitry Kostyukov/AFP- Getty Images Much Ado about Nothing? The Consequences of Russo-Georgian War Par Elena Mizrokhi, Auxiliaire de recherche pour la Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les conflits identitaires et le terrorisme et pour le Programme Paix et sécurité internationales The confrontation between Russia and six-point plan, proved to be a failure when Russia Georgia that took place from the 7th to the 13th of announced that its troops in the two enclaves August 2008 was Moscow‟s first act of military would "be considered foreign troops stationed in aggression against a neighbouring state since the independent states under bilateral agreements" invasion of Afghanistan in 1978 (Cornell et al., one month after the cease fire. It remains unclear, 2008). The 5 day conflict was rich in rhetoric as who if anyone, benefited from the August well as action. Its consequences, however, were confrontation. In a way, Russia succeeded in significant mostly on a regional level and did not hampering any possible resolution of the two result in an upheaval of the new multipolar world conflicts that would inevitably limit its role in the as some experts argued they would. Russia‟s region. However, Moscow‟s more likely recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia on the objective to use the two republics as pawns to 26th of August 2008 has changed the political punish Georgia for its pro-Western policy landscape of the South Caucasus. Despite the ambitions, has not received even a minimal show reinforced economic and political links with of support among Russia‟s allies let alone the Russia the two republics today find themselves other members of the world stage. -
Russia-Georgia Conflict in August 2008
= :88.&8*47,.&=43+1.(9=.3=:,:89=,**2a= 439*=9=&3)=251.(&9.438=+47=_ _=39*7*898= .2=.(-41= 5*(.&1.89=.3= :88.&3=&3)=:7&8.&3=++&.78= &7(-=-`=,**3= 43,7*88.43&1= *8*&7(-=*7;.(*= 18/1**= <<<_(78_,4;= -.0+2= =*5479=+47=43,7*88 Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress :88.&8*47,.&= 43+1.(9=.3=:,:89=,**2a=439*=9=&3)= 251.(&9.438=+47=__= 39*7*898= = :22&7>= In the early 1990s, Georgia and its breakaway South Ossetia region had agreed to a Russian- mediated ceasefire that provided for Russian “peacekeepers” to be stationed in the region. Moscow extended citizenship and passports to most ethnic Ossetians. Simmering long-time tensions escalated on the evening of August 7, 2008, when South Ossetia and Georgia accused each other of launching intense artillery barrages against each other. Georgia claims that South Ossetian forces did not respond to a ceasefire appeal but intensified their shelling, “forcing” Georgia to send in troops. On August 8, Russia launched air attacks throughout Georgia and Russian troops engaged Georgian forces in South Ossetia. By the morning of August 10, Russian troops had occupied the bulk of South Ossetia, reached its border with the rest of Georgia, and were shelling areas across the border. Russian troops occupied several Georgian cities. Russian warships landed troops in Georgia’s breakaway Abkhazia region and took up positions off Georgia’s Black Sea coast. French President Nicolas Sarkozy, serving as the president of the European Union (EU), was instrumental in getting Georgia and Russia to agree to a peace plan on August 15-16.