On the Stone Age Archaeobotany of the Zagros Mountains
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The Caucasus Globalization
Volume 6 Issue 2 2012 1 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies Conflicts in the Caucasus: History, Present, and Prospects for Resolution Special Issue Volume 6 Issue 2 2012 CA&CC Press® SWEDEN 2 Volume 6 Issue 2 2012 FOUNDEDTHE CAUCASUS AND& GLOBALIZATION PUBLISHED BY INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS Registration number: M-770 Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan Republic PUBLISHING HOUSE CA&CC Press® Sweden Registration number: 556699-5964 Registration number of the journal: 1218 Editorial Council Eldar Chairman of the Editorial Council (Baku) ISMAILOV Tel/fax: (994 12) 497 12 22 E-mail: [email protected] Kenan Executive Secretary (Baku) ALLAHVERDIEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Azer represents the journal in Russia (Moscow) SAFAROV Tel: (7 495) 937 77 27 E-mail: [email protected] Nodar represents the journal in Georgia (Tbilisi) KHADURI Tel: (995 32) 99 59 67 E-mail: [email protected] Ayca represents the journal in Turkey (Ankara) ERGUN Tel: (+90 312) 210 59 96 E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Nazim Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) MUZAFFARLI Tel: (994 – 12) 510 32 52 E-mail: [email protected] (IMANOV) Vladimer Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Georgia) PAPAVA Tel: (995 – 32) 24 35 55 E-mail: [email protected] Akif Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) ABDULLAEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Volume 6 IssueMembers 2 2012 of Editorial Board: 3 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Zaza D.Sc. -
Comments on Mezmaiskaya"
Eurasian Prehistory, 5 (1) : 131- 136. GETTING BACK TO BASICS: A RESPONSE TO OTTE "COMMENTS ON MEZMAISKAYA" Lubov Golovanova, Vladimir Doronichev and Naomi Cleghorn Marcel Otte recently argued (In "Comments Jar to the Ahmarian tradition, and particularly the on Mezmaiskaya, North Caucasus", Eurasian lithic assemblages from Abu Noshra and the La Prehistory, this issue) that the Early Upper Paleo gaman, dating between 30 and 35 ky BP (Gilead, lithic (EUP) at Mezmaiskaya Cave can be defined 1991 ). This preliminary conclusion is based on as Aurignacian (versus Golovanova et al., 2006). the prevalence of micro-laminar (bladelet) debi This raises an old methodological problem con tage, a high percentage of tools made on bladelets cerning the correct use of scientific terms and the (compared with 45 .7 percent at Lagama), and a definition of the Aurignacian. Lithic definitions rather low representation (about 20 percent) of such as Aurignacian and Gravettian, which were endscrapers and burins. It is important to note that ori ginally based on specific materials, have been only the later Ahmarian assemblages provided a rather more loosely applied to assemblages dis basis for this comparison. Moreover, despite tant in time and space. We believe that the wider many similarities, the EUP industry from Layer application of these original terms not only sim 1C at Mezmaiskaya is not identical to the Ahmar plifies them by a subjective reduction of their pri ian. mary determining attributes, but also confuses our Ongoing excavations of EUP levels in Mez understanding of cultural processes within and maiskaya Cave now permit a more accurate com between various regions. -
17 Erdemir Gundogmus 05.2013.Qxd
236 НОВИНИ СВІТОВОЇ НАУКИ .. ˆ Erdemir Gundogmus,1 ENERGY USE PATTERNS AND ECONOMETRIC MODELS OF QUINCE PRODUCTION This study was conducted to determine the balance between the inputs of energy and the ener getic yield for quince production in Turkey. The data for the study were collected from 34 quince plantations. The total energy input of 49,698.33 MJ ha1 was required for quince production. Chemical fertilizers, the single highest source of energy input, accounted for 52.86% of the total energy input. The two next highest energy sources were diesel fuel (16.27%) and electricity (12.85%). The values of energy efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy, and net energy were 1.07, 0.45 kg MJ1, 2.24 MJ kg1 and 3,510.50 MJ ha1, respectively. Estimates made using econo metric models showed that machinery, pesticides, diesel fuel, electricity and water used for irriga tion energy inputs have significantly positive effects on energy yield. The results of the sensitivity analysis of the energy inputs show that the marginal physical productivity (MPP) value of water for irrigation is the highest, followed by electricity and diesel fuel. Keywords: energy efficiency, econometric model, benefit/cost ratio, quince plantations, Turkey. Ердемір Гюндогмуш ГРАФІКИ ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ І ЕКОНОМЕТРИЧНІ МОДЕЛІ ДЛЯ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ВИРОЩУВАННЯ АЙВИ У статті надано результати дослідження, яке проведено для визначення балансу між витратами енергії і врожаями айви в Туреччині. Дані для дослідження були зібрані по 34 плантаціях айви. Загальна споживана потужність для виробництва айви склала 49,698.33 МДж/га. На хімічні добрива витрачено 52,86% від загального енергоспоживання, на дизельне паливо — 16,27% і електрику — 12,85%. -
JHE Wezmeh Accepted.Pdf
Kent Academic Repository Full text document (pdf) Citation for published version Zanolli, Clément and Biglari, Fereidoun and Mashkour, Marjan and Abdi, Kamyar and Monchot, Hervé and Debue, Karyne and Mazurier, Arnaud and Bayle, Priscilla and Le Luyer, Mona and Rougier, Hélène and Trinkaus, Erik and Macchiarelli, Roberto (2019) A Neanderthal from the Central Western Zagros, Iran. Structural reassessment of the Wezmeh 1 maxillary premolar. DOI Link to record in KAR https://kar.kent.ac.uk/75685/ Document Version Author's Accepted Manuscript Copyright & reuse Content in the Kent Academic Repository is made available for research purposes. Unless otherwise stated all content is protected by copyright and in the absence of an open licence (eg Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher, author or other copyright holder. Versions of research The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record. Enquiries For any further enquiries regarding the licence status of this document, please contact: [email protected] If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html A Neanderthal from the Central Western Zagros, Iran. Structural reassessment of the Wezmeh 1 maxillary premolar Clément Zanolli a, *, Fereidoun Biglari -
Biologické a Sociokulturní Antro- ÚSTAV ANTROPOLOGIE Pologie: Modulové Učební Texty Pro Studenty Antropologie a „Příbuzných“ Oborů Dosud Vyšlo
V rámci řady – Jaroslav Malina (ed.): Panoráma biologické a sociokulturní antro- ÚSTAV ANTROPOLOGIE pologie: Modulové učební texty pro studenty antropologie a „příbuzných“ oborů dosud vyšlo: 1. Jiří Svoboda, Paleolit a mezolit: Lovecko–sběračská společnost a její proměny (2000). 2. Jiřina Relichová, Genetika pro antropology (2000). 3. Jiří Gaisler, Primatologie pro antropology (2000). 4. František Vrhel, Antropologie sexuality: Sociokulturní hledisko (2002). 5. Jaroslav Zvěřina – Jaroslav Malina, Sexuologie pro antropology (2002). 6. Jiří Svoboda, Paleolit a mezolit: Myšlení, symbolismus a umění (2002). 7. Jaroslav Skupnik, Manželství a sexualita z antropologické perspektivy (2002). 8. Oldřich Kašpar, Předkolumbovská Amerika z antropologické perspektivy (Karibská oblast, Mezoamerika, Andský areál) (2002). 9. Josef Unger, Pohřební ritus a zacházení s těly zemřelých v českých zemích (s analogiemi i jinde v Evropě) v 1.–16. století (2002). 10. Václav Vančata – Marina Vančatová, Sexualita primátů (2002). 11. Josef Kolmaš, Tibet z antropologické perspektivy (2002). 12. Josef Kolmaš, Smrt a pohřbívání u Tibeťanů (2003). 13. Václav Vančata, Paleoantropologie – přehled fylogeneze člověka a jeho předků (2003). 14. František Vrhel, Předkolumbovské literatury: Témata, problémy, dějiny (2003). PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA 15. Ladislava Horáčková – Eugen Strouhal – Lenka Vargová, Základy paleopato- MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA logie (2004). PANORÁMA ANTROPOLOGIE 16. Josef Kolmaš, První Evropané ve Lhase (1661) (Kircherovo résumé Gruebe- rovy cestovní zprávy. Latinský text a český překlad) (2003). biologické - sociální - kulturní 17. Marie Dohnalová – Jaroslav Malina – Karel Müller, Občanská společnost: Minulost – současnost – budoucnost (2003). 18. Eva Drozdová, Základy osteometrie (2004). 19. Jiří A. Svoboda, Paleolit a mezolit: Pohřební ritus (2003). 20. Stanislav Komárek, Obraz člověka v dílech některých význačných biologů 19. a 20. století (2003). Modulové učební texty 21. -
The Discovery of an in Situ Neanderthal Remain in the Bawa Yawan Rockshelter, West- Central Zagros Mountains, Kermanshah
PLOS ONE RESEARCH ARTICLE The discovery of an in situ Neanderthal remain in the Bawa Yawan Rockshelter, West- Central Zagros Mountains, Kermanshah 1,2,3 4,5 5,6 1,2 Saman Heydari-GuranID *, Stefano Benazzi , Sahra Talamo , Elham Ghasidian , Nemat Hariri2,7, Gregorio Oxilia4, Samran Asiabani3,8, Faramarz Azizi3, Rahmat Naderi3, 9 5,10 11 11 Reza SafaieradID , Jean-Jacques Hublin , Robert A. Foley , Marta M. Lahr 1 Stiftung Neanderthal Museum, Mettmann, Germany, 2 Department of Prehistoric Archaeology University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, 3 DiyarMehr Centre for Palaeolithic Research, Kermanshah, Iran, 4 Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 5 Department of Human Evolution, a1111111111 Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany, 6 Department of Chemistry G. a1111111111 Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 7 Department of Archaeology, a1111111111 University of Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran, 8 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and a1111111111 Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran, 9 Department of Physical Geography, University of a1111111111 Tehran, Tehran, Iran, 10 Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, Paris, France, 11 Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom * [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Citation: Heydari-Guran S, Benazzi S, Talamo S, Abstract Ghasidian E, Hariri N, Oxilia G, et al. (2021) The discovery of an in situ Neanderthal remain in the Neanderthal extinction has been a matter of debate for many years. New discoveries, better Bawa Yawan Rockshelter, West-Central Zagros chronologies and genomic evidence have done much to clarify some of the issues. -
The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan
The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan George Fiske Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2012 © 2012 George Fiske All rights reserved ABSTRACT The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan George Fiske This study examines the socioeconomics of state formation in medieval Afghanistan in historical and historiographic terms. It outlines the thousand year history of Ghaznavid historiography by treating primary and secondary sources as a continuum of perspectives, demonstrating the persistent problems of dynastic and political thinking across periods and cultures. It conceptualizes the geography of Ghaznavid origins by framing their rise within specific landscapes and histories of state formation, favoring time over space as much as possible and reintegrating their experience with the general histories of Iran, Central Asia, and India. Once the grand narrative is illustrated, the scope narrows to the dual process of monetization and urbanization in Samanid territory in order to approach Ghaznavid obstacles to state formation. The socioeconomic narrative then shifts to political and military specifics to demythologize the rise of the Ghaznavids in terms of the framing contexts described in the previous chapters. Finally, the study specifies the exact combination of culture and history which the Ghaznavids exemplified to show their particular and universal character and suggest future paths for research. The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan I. General Introduction II. Perspectives on the Ghaznavid Age History of the literature Entrance into western European discourse Reevaluations of the last century Historiographic rethinking Synopsis III. -
Iran and P4+1 Resume Nuclear Talks: What to Expect?
WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 8 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 42nd year No.13912 Wednesday APRIL 7, 2021 Farvardin 18, 1400 Sha’aban 24, 1442 Defense minister says Taftian not satisfied Electricity projects Islamic Revolution Artist Iran has no limit to with holding camp worth over $690m put of the Year announces export arms Page 2 in France Page 3 into operation Page 4 2021 finalists Page 8 Iran begins mechanical test of new Iran and P4+1 resume advanced centrifuge TEHRAN – Iran announced on Tuesday be unveiled in the Saadabad complex.” that it will unveil a new, advanced kind of One of the advances in the field of nu- centrifuge on April 10 in the latest move to clear enrichment is the beginning of the rachet up nuclear activities as diplomats from mechanical test of IR-9 centrifuge, which nuclear talks: what to expect? Iran and 5+1 nations gather in Vienna to has the capacity of 50 SWUs (separative discuss ways to revive a 2015 nuclear deal. work units), he continued. Behrouz Kamalvandi, spokesman for He pointed out that this machine is the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran one of the most important completely See page 3 (AEOI), said, “This year, on the anniver- indigenous centrifuges in Iran, which sary of Iran achieving peaceful nuclear manufactures and operates with new energy on April 10, 133 achievements and standard methods. breakthroughs in the nuclear industry will Continued on page 2 1,500 idle industrial units revived in Iran in a year TEHRAN – Iran’s Deputy Industry, Mining, plans for the realization of the motto of the and Trade Minister Mehdi Sadeqi Niaraki current year which is named the year of announced that 1,500 idle industrial units “Production: support and the elimination have been revived in the country during of obstacles” by the Leader of the Islamic the previous Iranian calendar year (ended Revolution, the official said: “In the year on March 20). -
Human Origin Sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia
World Heritage papers41 HEADWORLD HERITAGES 4 Human Origin Sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia VOLUME I In support of UNESCO’s 70th Anniversary Celebrations United Nations [ Cultural Organization Human Origin Sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia Nuria Sanz, Editor General Coordinator of HEADS Programme on Human Evolution HEADS 4 VOLUME I Published in 2015 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France and the UNESCO Office in Mexico, Presidente Masaryk 526, Polanco, Miguel Hidalgo, 11550 Ciudad de Mexico, D.F., Mexico. © UNESCO 2015 ISBN 978-92-3-100107-9 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Cover Photos: Top: Hohle Fels excavation. © Harry Vetter bottom (from left to right): Petroglyphs from Sikachi-Alyan rock art site. -
Archive of SID
تولیدات گیاهی )مجله علمی کشاورزی(، جلد 14 شماره 3، پاییز Archive4 of SID 79 اثر محلولپاشی برگی برخی نمکهای کلسیم برخصوصیات فیزیکی و بیوشیمیایی میوه عناب رقم چینی ).Ziziphus jujuba Mill( 3 2 4 مهدی قسمتی ، فرید مرادینژاد * و مهدی خیاط 4- دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران 2-*نویسنده مسئول: دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران )[email protected]( 3- استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران تاریخ دریافت: 22/44/4375 تاریخ پذیرش: 4371/01/41 چکیده خراسان جنوبی با دارا بودن 09 درصد سطح زیر کشت عناب به عنوان مهم ترین تولیدکننده عنااب در کشاور مطرح است. میوه تازه عناب در دمای اتاق به سرعت چروکیده و نرم می شود و پس از پنج تا هفات روز افات کیفیات قابل توجهی حاصل می شود. محلول پاشی با عناصر معدنی می تواند از طریق تأمین مواد غذایی باعث افازای کیفیات بازارپسندی و کاه خسارات بعد از برداشت گردد. کلسیم یکی از عناصر مهم معادنی اسات کاه در افازای کمیات کیفیت و بازارپسندی م یوهها نق مهمی داراست. به منظور بررسی اثر محلولپاشی نمکهای کلسیمی بر خصوصیات فیزیکو شیمیایی و کیفی میوه عناب پژوهشای در قالا طارح بلاوا کامال تصاادفی اجارا گردیاد. تیمارهاای آزمایشی شامل شاهد )آب مقطر( کلرید کلسیم )5/9 و 1 درصد( و نیترات کلسیم )5/9 و 1 درصد( بودند کاه طای دو مرحله در زمان تقسیم سلولی میوه )09 روز بعد از مرحله تمام گل( و کامل شدن رشد سالولی میاوه ) 09 روز بعد از مرحله تمام گل( محلول پاشی انجام شد. -
Pādshāh Khatun
chapter 14 Pādshāh Khatun An Example of Architectural, Religious, and Literary Patronage in Ilkhanid Iran bruno de nicola In comparison to sedentary societies, women in the Turkic-Mongol nomadic and seminomadic societies showed greater involvement in the political sphere, enjoyed a greater measure of financial autonomy, and generally had the freedom to choose their religious affiliations.1 Some women advanced to positions of immense power and wealth, even appointed as regent-empresses for the entire empire or regional khanates. Such examples included Töregene Khatun (r. 1242–46), Oghul Qaimish (r. 1248–50), and Orghina Khatun (r. 1251–59).2 Other women such as Qutui Khatun (d. 1284) in Mongol-ruled Iran accumulated great wealth from war booty, trade investment, and the allocation of tax revenues from the newly conquered territories.3 Through their unique prominence in the empire’s socio-economic system, elite women had an active role in financially supporting and protecting cultural and religious agents. Our understanding of the impact that Chinggisid women had on the flourishing of cultural life in the empire as a whole, and in the Ilkhanate of greater Iran in particular, remains poor, however. The historical record tells us little about the role that Chinggisid female members played as patrons of religious and cul- tural life, especially when comparted to the relative wealth of references to female influence in the political and economic arenas. However, abundant accounts show that female elite members from the local Turkic-Mongol dynasties who ruled as vassals for the Mongols, or had been incorporated into the ranks of the ruling Chinggisid household 270 Pādshāh Khatun | 271 through marriage, played a pivotal role as cultural and religious patrons. -
Comparative Phylogeography As an Integrative Approach to Understand Human and Other Mammal
Comparative phylogeography as an integrative approach to understand human and other mammal distributions in Europe Luis Oxala García Rodríguez A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Bournemouth University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2019 This page intentionally left blank II This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and due acknowledgement must always be made of the use of any material contained in, or derived from, this thesis. III Comparative phylogeography as an integrative approach to understand human and other mammal distributions in Europe. Oxala García Rodríguez Abstract Phylogeography refers to the phylogenetic analysis of organisms in the context of their geographical distribution. The analytical methods build phylogenetic trees and networks from haplotypes in order to investigate the history of the organisms. Phylogeographic studies have revealed the importance of climatic oscillations and the role of the Last Glacial Maximum (27,500 to 16,000 years ago) with the formation of refugia where distinct haplotypes originate in Europe. The population expansions and contractions into these refugial areas have driven the evolution of different lineages but the similarities and differences between species are still poorly understood. This thesis aims to gain a better understanding of the phylogeographical processes of different mammals’ species in Europe. This was done by collecting published mitochondrial DNA control region sequences of 29 different species and analysing them individually and comparatively. This research presents a standardised way of understanding phylogeography from the mitochondrial DNA perspective to improve the comparison of studies in the field.