DOCSLIB.ORG

Environmentasia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Environmentasia EnvironmentAsia AvailableAvailable online online at www.tshe.org/EA at www.tshe.org/EA The international journal published by the Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment EnvironmentAsiaEnvironmentAsia 28(1) (2009) (2015) 50-54 41-52 GenotoxicityUsing SWAT Assessment to Assess the of CriticalMercuric Areas Chloride and Nonpoint in the Marine Source Fish Pollution Therapon Reduction jaruba Best Management Practices in Lam Takong River Basin, Thailand Nagarajan Nagarani, Arumugam Kuppusamy Kumaraguru, Velmurugan Janaki Devi Netnapa Pongpetch a, Pongthepand ChandrasekaranSuwanwaree a, Chatpet Archana Yossapol Devi b, Songkot Dasananda c and Thongplew Kongjun d Center for Marine and Coastal Studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, a School of Biology, InstituteMadurai of Science, Kamaraj Suranaree University, University Madurai-625021, of Technology, NakhonIndia Ratchasima, Thailand b School of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand Abstractc School of Remote Sensing, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand d Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, The aim of the present study was to standardize andThailand to assess the predictive value of the cytogenetic analysis by Micronucleus (MN) test in fish erythrocytes as a biomarker for marine environmental contamination. Micronucleus frequencyAbstract baseline in erythrocytes was evaluated in and genotoxic potential of a common chemical was determined in fish experimentally exposed in aquarium under controlled conditions. Fish (Therapon jaruba) were exposed for 96 hrs toHydrological a single heavy models metal are (mercuric essential chloride). tools for waterChromosomal resource damageand nonpoint was determined source pollution as micronuclei management. frequency This study in fishaimed erythrocytes. to evaluate critical Significant areas andincrease best management in MN frequency practices was (BMPs) observed of sediment in erythrocytes and nutrient of fish loads exposed in Lam toTakong mercuric River chloride.basin, Northeastern Concentration Thailand, of 0.25 using ppm SWAT induced (Soil the and highest Water MN Assessment frequency Tool) (2.95 model. micronucleated The model wascells/1000 calibrated cells and compared validated tousing 1 MNcell/1000 daily data of streamflow,cells in control sediment, animals). NO3-N The and study TP in revealed Lam Takong that micronucleusRiver from 2007-2008 test, as anand index 2009, of respectively. cumulative In exposure,general, the appears simulated to bestreamflow a sensitive and model sediment to evaluate were in reasonablegenotoxic compoundsagreement with in fishthe undermeasured controlled values with conditions. coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) greater than 0.50 and the percent bias (PBIAS) Keywords:less than 25%. genotoxicity; Additionally, mercuric nutrient chloride; loads showed micronucleus a fair relationship between observation and simulation with R2 values more than 0.6 and PBIAS values less than 25%. From simulation, September was the month with the highest sediment, NO3-N and TP yields while January and December were the lowest months. From the model, SWAT identified 1 severe and 1 high soil erosion subbasins. Two subbasins were classified into medium loading for NO3-N. However, 9 subbasins were 1.classified Introduction into high loading rate of TP. For BMPs, the 30-m laboratorywide filter strip and fieldwas the conditions. best scenario In reducing2006 Soumendra 100% of both sediment and TP, and 97.27% of NO3-N. These results could etbe al a .,useful made tool an forattempt water to resources detect genetic managements biomarkers and soil conservationIn India, planning about in200 Lam tons Takong of Rivermercury basin. and its in two fish species, Labeo bata and Oreochromis compounds are introduced into the environment mossambica, by MN and binucleate (BN) annuallyKeywords: as hydrological effluents frommodel; industries nitrate; phosphorus; (Saffi, 1981). soil erosion;erythrocytes watershed in the gill and kidney erythrocytes Mercuric chloride has been used in agriculture as a exposed to thermal power plant discharge at fungicide, in medicine as a topical antiseptic and Titagarh Thermal Power Plant, Kolkata, India. disinfectant,1. Introduction and in chemistry as an intermediate in districtsThe presentof three study provinces was conducted including toPracheenburi, determine the production of other mercury compounds. The theNakhon acute Nayokgenotoxicity and Nakhon of the heavy Ratchasima metal compound provinces. Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution of streams, lakes The dominant land use is agriculture land. Many contamination of aquatic ecosystems by heavy HgCl2 in static systems. Mercuric chloride is toxic, metalsand estuaries and pesticides has created has agained critical increasing concern throughout attention solvableorganizations, in water such hence as it the can Hydrology penetrate the and aquatic Water inthe recentworld. Agriculturaldecades. Chronic activities exposurehave been identifiedto and animals.Management Mutagenic Center studies for the with Lower native Northeastern fish species accumulationas the primary sourcesof these of chemicals NPS pollutants. in aquatic In Thailand, biota representRegion, the an Pollutionimportant Control effort inDepartment determining (PCD), the canwater result pollution in tissue is largely burdens associated that produce with urbanization, adverse potentialRegional effectsEnvironmental of toxic Office agents. 11 This and studyMunicipality was effectsindustrialization not only inand the agricultural directly exposed activities. organisms, The main carriedof Nakhon out toRatchasima, evaluate the have use studied of the micronucleushydrology and butpollutants also in humanfor surface beings. water quality problems are testwater (MN) quality for ofthe Lam estimation Takong of River. aquatic Water pollution quality sediments,Fish provides nutrients a suitableand other model chemical for monitoring substances usingdegradation marine hasedible been fish observed under lab for conditions. more than two aquatic(Office ofgenotoxicity Natural Resources and andwastewater Environmental quality Policy decades, as a result of urbanization and intensive becauseand Planning, of its 2012).ability However,to metabolize the governing xenobiotics policies and 2.farming Materials (Pollution and Control methods Department, 2008). Previous accumulatedon watershed managementpollutants. A in micronucleus the past, did not assay appreciate has studies did not evaluate temporal and spatial sediment beenthe importance used successfully of NPS pollution in several (Simachaya, species (De 2003) Flora, and 2.1.and nutrientSample loads Collection at basin level which can sufficiently etfew al strategies., 1993, Al-Sabtiexist for andremediating Metcalfe, the 1995).issue (Babel The reduce NPS pollution. micronucleuset al., 2004; Pollution (MN) Control test has Department, been developed 2006). TheContinuous fish species water selected quality for monitoring the present isstudy very together Lam Takongwith DNA-unwinding River basin is crucial assays to asthe wasexpensive, collected time from consuming Pudhumadam and spatially coast impractical of Gulf of at perspectiveNortheastern regionmethods of Thailand. for mass More monitoring than 880,000 of Mannar,the watershed Southeast level. Therefore, Coast of mathematical India. Therapon modeling clastogenicitypeople reside withinand genotoxicity Lam Takong in fishRiver and basin. mussels The jarbuahas become belongs a primary to the technology order Perciformes for analyzing of theNPS (Dailianisriver is 220et km al., long 2003). and originates from Sangampang familypollution Theraponidae. and its spatial Thedistribution fish species, (Chu et Therapon al., 2004). RangeThe in MN Khao tests Yai Nationalhave been Park. successfully It covers about used nine as jarbuaExamples(6-6.3 of thesecm in models length andare: 4-4.25the physically g in weight) based a measure of genotoxic stress in fish, under both was selected for the detection of genotoxic effect N. Pongpetch et al. / EnvironmentAsia 8(1) (2015) 41-52 event Areal Non-point Source Watershed Environment Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima and Chaloem Phra Response Simulation (ANSWERS) model, the Kiat districts in Nakhon Ratchasima province (Royal physically based Dynamic Watershed Simulation Model Irrigation Department, 2004). At Ban Kong Rae, Kham (DWSM) model and the Soil and Water Assessment Thale So district, Lam Boriboon River diverges from Tool (SWAT) model. When comparing the models, Lam Takong River for 35 km and then rejoins Lam SWAT is the most capable for long-term simulations Takong River at Ban Kanphom before flowing into the in watersheds dominated by agricultural land (Arnold Moon River at Tha Chang Sub district, Chaloem Phra and Fohrer, 2005; Arnold et al., 1998). It is designed to Kiat district in Nakhon Ratchasima province (Nakhon assess the impact of land use and management practices Ratchasima Municipality, 2006). on water, sediments and agricultural chemicals. The Lam Takong River basin is influenced by the model has proven to be an effective tool for assessing southwest and northeast monsoons. There are three NPS for a wide range of scales and environmental seasons including rainy, winter and summer seasons. conditions
Load more

Recommended publications
  • I1652 Vocational Education--Government Policy...28147 Vocational Education--Khon Kaen...28147 Vocational Education--Nakhon Phano
    บรรณานุกรมรายงานวิจัยและวิทยานิพนธ 2548 เลมที่ 36/36 Vocational education--Government policy - Zymomonas mobilis Vocational education--Government policy...28147 Volunteer workers in community Vocational education--Khon Kaen...28147 development...28152 Vocational education--Nakhon Phanom...28147 Volunteer workers in community health Vocational education--Research...28147 services...28152 Vocational education--Songkhla...28147 Volunteer workers in community health services-- Vocational education--Thailand, Education Region Nakhon Pathom...28152 7--Curricula--Evaluation...28147 Volunteer workers in community health services-- Vocational education--Thailand, Suphan Buri...28152 Northeastern...28148 Volunteer workers in immunization...28152 Vocational education--Thailand, Northern...28148 Volunteer workers in medical care--Kamphaeng Vocational education--Thailand, Northern-- Phet...28152 Curricula...28148 Volunteer workers in medical care--Training Vocational education--Ubon Ratchathani...28148 of...28153 Vocational education--Uttaradit...28148 Volunteers...28153 Vocational guidance...28148 Volunteers--Nutrition...28153 Vocational interests...28149 Vomiting...28153 Vocational interests--Chachoengsao-- Vomiting (ตอ 1)...28154 Surveys...28149 Vomiting--Prevention...28154 Vocational rehabilitation institutes...28149 Von Neumann algebras...28154 Vocational school for the disabled...28149 Vortex tubes...28154 Vocational school students...28149 Vortex-motion...28154 Voice...28150 Voting...28154 Voice disorders...28150 Voyages and travels...28154
    [Show full text]
  • MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received Bom 9 to 14 May 1980 — Notifications Reçues Du 9 Au 14 Mai 1980 C Cases — Cas
    Wkty Epldem. Bec.: No. 20 -16 May 1980 — 150 — Relevé éptdém. hebd : N° 20 - 16 mal 1980 Kano State D elete — Supprimer: Bimi-Kudi : General Hospital Lagos State D elete — Supprimer: Marina: Port Health Office Niger State D elete — Supprimer: Mima: Health Office Bauchi State Insert — Insérer: Tafawa Belewa: Comprehensive Rural Health Centre Insert — Insérer: Borno State (title — titre) Gongola State Insert — Insérer: Garkida: General Hospital Kano State In se rt— Insérer: Bimi-Kudu: General Hospital Lagos State Insert — Insérer: Ikeja: Port Health Office Lagos: Port Health Office Niger State Insert — Insérer: Minna: Health Office Oyo State Insert — Insérer: Ibadan: Jericho Nursing Home Military Hospital Onireke Health Office The Polytechnic Health Centre State Health Office Epidemiological Unit University of Ibadan Health Services Ile-Ife: State Hospital University of Ife Health Centre Ilesha: Health Office Ogbomosho: Baptist Medical Centre Oshogbo : Health Office Oyo: Health Office DISEASES SUBJECT TO THE REGULATIONS — MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received bom 9 to 14 May 1980 — Notifications reçues du 9 au 14 mai 1980 C Cases — Cas ... Figures not yet received — Chiffres non encore disponibles D Deaths — Décès / Imported cases — Cas importés P t o n r Revised figures — Chifircs révisés A Airport — Aéroport s Suspect cases — Cas suspects CHOLERA — CHOLÉRA C D YELLOW FEVER — FIÈVRE JAUNE ZAMBIA — ZAMBIE 1-8.V Africa — Afrique Africa — Afrique / 4 0 C 0 C D \ 3r 0 CAMEROON. UNITED REP. OF 7-13JV MOZAMBIQUE 20-26J.V CAMEROUN, RÉP.-UNIE DU 5 2 2 Asia — Asie Cameroun Oriental 13-19.IV C D Diamaré Département N agaba....................... î 1 55 1 BURMA — BIRMANIE 27.1V-3.V Petté ...........................
    [Show full text]
  • Perspective >> Sunday January 07, 2007LIFELINE
    Perspective >> Sunday January 07, 2007 LIFELINE LOSES VITAL SIGNS We all rely greatly on the immeasurable gifts from the nation's rivers, but all too often they are exploited and abused, even to the point of death, without anyone ever paying a price, writes SUPARA JANCHITFAH Chawee Boonprom, like most area fishermen, has been forced to take odd jobs since the once-fertile Prachin Buri River was polluted. In November last year more than 20 manta rays died in Bang Sang district. Fishermen Chawee and Kajorn Boonprom are in the midst of an unwanted career change. Instead of making their living off the once-bountiful Prachin River, they find themselves selecting popped rice for making traditional Thai sweets. The monotonous selection process earns them 17 baht per sack, about 68 baht a day. "We have to do it even though it's only a little money; it's still better than doing nothing," said Chawee humbly. Kajorn added that he normally earned 300 to 500 baht a day catching shrimp and fish in the river. This was enough to feed and provide health care for his family and to educate his children. But no more. The Prachin River has shown few signs of life since last November, when pollution caused a massive die-off both in the fish which swam freely in the river and those which were being raised by villagers in baskets. "We loaded 10 big trucks of dead fish from the river, worth about 20 million baht. There were also 1,152 baskets of fish that were killed, estimated at 63.4 million baht," said Budsabong Chaokanha from the Centre for Prachin Buri Civic Activities Development.
    [Show full text]
  • EAU Heritage Journal 2 Science and Technology Vol
    ปีที่ 10 ฉบับที่ 2 ประจ�ำเดือน พฤษภำคม-สิงหำคม 2559 Vol. 10 No. 2 May-August 2016 นโยบายการจัดพิมพ์ Sharp, W. F. (1985). Investment (3rd ed.). New Jersey: วารสาร EAU Heritage เป็นวารสารราย 4 เดือน มหาวิทยาลัย Prentice-Hall. อีสเทิร์นเอเชียจัดพิมพ์ขึ้นเพื่อเผยแพร่ความรู้ในสาขาวิชาต่างๆ ด้าน 2. ชื่อบทในหนังสือรายงานการประชุม วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี เพื่อให้เกิดประโยชน์ต่อการศึกษาค้นคว้า Hay, S. P. (1975). Political parties and the community-society และเปิดโอกาสให้นักศึกษา นักวิจัย คณาจารย์ ตลอดจนนักวิชาการ continuum. In W. N. Chambers & W. D. Burnham ทั่วไป ทั้งภายในและภายนอกมหาวิทยาลัยได้มีโอกาสเผยแพร่ผลงาน (Eds.)., The American party systems Stage of ให้เป็นที่รู้จักต่อสาธารณชน และได้แลกเปลี่ยนความรู้ในวิทยาการ political development (2 nd ed.). New York: ด้านต่างๆ Oxford university press. สุไร พงษ์ทองเจริญ. (2539). สาระส�าคัญเกี่ยวกับการเรียนการสอน บทความที่เสนอเพื่อตีพิมพ์ ภาษาอังกฤษระดับประถมศึกษา. ในเอกสารการสอนชุดวิชา บทความที่เสนอเพื่อพิจารณาต้องเป็นบทความวิชาการหรือ การสอนภาษาอังกฤษระดับประถมศึกษา (พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 2, บทความการวิจัยทั้งภาษาไทย ภาษาอังกฤษ หรือภาษาต่างประเทศอื่น หน่วยที่ 9). นนทบุรี: ส�านักพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยสุโขทัย เรื่องที่จะได้รับการตีพิมพ์ต้องผ่านกระบวนการพิจารณากลั่นกรองโดย ธรรมาธิราช. ผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิในสาขาวิชาที่เกี่ยวข้องก่อนลงตีพิมพ์ และต้องเป็น 3. วารสาร บทความที่ยังไม่เคยได้รับการตีพิมพ์เผยแพร่หรืออยู่ระหว่างการ ชื่อผู้แต่ง. (ปีที่พิมพ์). ชื่อบทความ. ชื่อวารสาร, ปีที่(ฉบับที่), พิจารณาในวารสารอื่นๆ (การละเมิดลิขสิทธิ์ถือเป็นความรับผิดชอบ เลขหน้า. ของผู้ส่งบทความโดยตรง) สุจินต์ สิมารักษ์. (2550) หลากหลายปัญหาการเลี้ยงโคนมใน
    [Show full text]
  • Download (656.06KB)
    Cronfa - Swansea University Open Access Repository _____________________________________________________________ This is an author produced version of a paper published in: PLOS ONE Cronfa URL for this paper: http://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26790 _____________________________________________________________ Paper: Prachantasena, S., Charununtakorn, P., Muangnoicharoen, S., Hankla, L., Techawal, N., Chaveerach, P., Tuitemwong, P., Chokesajjawatee, N., Williams, N., et. al. (2016). Distribution and Genetic Profiles of Campylobacter in Commercial Broiler Production from Breeder to Slaughter in Thailand. PLOS ONE, 11(2), e0149585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149585 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY). _____________________________________________________________ This item is brought to you by Swansea University. Any person downloading material is agreeing to abide by the terms of the repository licence. Copies of full text items may be used or reproduced in any format or medium, without prior permission for personal research or study, educational or non-commercial purposes only. The copyright for any work remains with the original author unless otherwise specified. The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder. Permission for multiple reproductions should be obtained from the original author. Authors are personally responsible for adhering to copyright and publisher restrictions when uploading content to the repository. http://www.swansea.ac.uk/library/researchsupport/ris-support/
    [Show full text]
  • Attachment No. 6 Summary of the Company For
    Attachment No. 6 Summary of the Company for consideration of the transaction to acquire the asset by investment in EQUATOR (Document for Agenda no.8) 1. Information of Summary of Superblock Public Co.,Ltd (“SUPER”) 1.1 Superblock Public Co.,Ltd Listed Date October 8, 2004 Address 223/61, 14 Fl, Country Complex Tower A Sunpawut Rd., Bangna, Bangna, Bangkok 10260. Telephone: (662) 361-5599 Fax: (662) 361-5036 Capital Structure As at March 1, 2016 Registered capital 3,137,406,269.00 Baht Paid-up capital 2,734,945,851.90 Baht Ordinary shares 27,349,458,519 Share (Value of 0.1 Baht per share) Operation of Business Type of business is an investment to holds shares in the any company (Holding Company), that’s invested in 2 businesses as follows: 1. Information & Communications Technology of business operated by the company Open Technology Public Co.,Ltd ("OPEN"), a subsidiary of the Company. The company has a stake in the OPEN 76.25 percent of the total issued and paid up. OPEN's business can be divided into 3 main types (1) The development and implementation of information systems (System Integration) is a business of providing turnkey services from system design, supply of hardware and software, development and consulting in computer and information systems including the installation of infrastructure systems and communication in business. (2) Maintenance of computer equipment, information systems, and recruitment integrated services (Maintenance Services and Outsourcing Services). (3) Management services and consulting in business, offers both of the property business and information technology management. 2. Renewable energy business consisted of solar energy, wind energy and biomass, currently investment and development in solar power plants (SOLAR FARM) and the company also has a policy to expansion of business to construction contractor for power stations, solar power plants with solar power system.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution and Genetic Profiles of Campylobacter in Commercial Broiler Production from Breeder to Slaughter in Thailand
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Distribution and Genetic Profiles of Campylobacter in Commercial Broiler Production from Breeder to Slaughter in Thailand Sakaoporn Prachantasena1, Petcharatt Charununtakorn1, Suthida Muangnoicharoen1, Luck Hankla1, Natthaporn Techawal1, Prapansak Chaveerach3, Pravate Tuitemwong4, Nipa Chokesajjawatee5, Nicola Williams6, Tom Humphrey7, Taradon Luangtongkum1,2* 1 Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 2 Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 3 Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 4 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand, 5 National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand, 6 Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 7 College of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom OPEN ACCESS * Citation: Prachantasena S, Charununtakorn P, [email protected] Muangnoicharoen S, Hankla L, Techawal N, Chaveerach P, et al. (2016) Distribution and Genetic Profiles of Campylobacter in Commercial Broiler Production from Breeder to Slaughter in Thailand. Abstract PLoS ONE 11(2): e0149585. doi:10.1371/journal. Poultry and poultry products are commonly considered as the major vehicle of Campylo- pone.0149585 bacter infection in humans worldwide. To reduce the number of human cases, the epidemi- Editor: Pina Fratamico, USDA-ARS-ERRC, UNITED ology of Campylobacter in poultry must be better understood. Therefore, the objective of STATES the present study was to determine the distribution and genetic relatedness of Campylobac- Received: October 9, 2015 ter in the Thai chicken production industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Cover [Pagemaker]
    STATUS OF BIRDS AND LARGE MAMMALS IN THAILAND'S DONG PHAYAYEN - KHAO YAI FOREST COMPLEX By Antony J. Lynam, Philip D. Round and Warren Y. Brockelman WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS Suggested citation: A.J. Lynam, P.D. Round and W.Y. Brockelman. 2006. Status of Birds and Large Mammals in Thailand’s Dong Phayayen - Khao Yai Forest Complex. Wildlife Conservation Society and Biodiversity Research and Training (BRT) Programme, Bangkok. 244pp. Front and back cover photos © Antony J. Lynam, Wildlife Conservation Society, Steve Sandford For copies of this report, please email [email protected] Antony J. Lynam Ph.D Associate Conservation Scientist Wildlife Conservation Society Asia Program PO Box 170 Laksi, Bangkok Thailand 10210 Philip Round & Warren Y. Brockelman Ph.D Visiting Professors Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok Thailand 10400 STATUS OF BIRDS AND LARGE MAMMALS IN THAILAND’S DONG PHAYAYEN - KHAO YAI FOREST COMPLEX BY ANTONY J. LYNAM, PHILIP D. ROUND AND WARREN Y. B ROCKELMAN 2006 WCS BACKGROUND The history of the Wildlife Conservation Society in Thailand dates to the mid 1970’s when WCS supported behavioural studies of gibbons by Dr Warren Brockelman and his associates. Dr Alan Rabinowitz pioneered studies of carnivore ecology at Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary during the late 1980’s and early 90’s and helped shape the first regional transboundary conservation forum. At the invitation of the government of Thailand, Dr Antony Lynam opened a project office for the Wildlife Conservation Society in 1997 to support a wildlife management training program, initiate an Indochina tiger conservation program, and support conservation research of government staff.
    [Show full text]
  • Enhanced Entry of Young Generation Into Agriculture: a Case Study in Prachinburi, Thailand
    Enhanced Entry of Young Generation into Agriculture: A Case Study in Prachinburi, Thailand By Marta Ruiz Salvago A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Regional and Rural Development Planning Examination Committee: Dr. Thi Phuoc Lai Nguyen (Chairperson) Mr. Surendra Shrestha Dr. Sylvia Szabo Dr. Nicolas Faysse Nationality: Spanish Previous Degree: Bachelor of Laws Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain Scholarship: AIT Fellowship Asian Institute of Technology School of Environment, Resources and Development Thailand October 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Foremost I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor Dr. Thi Phuoc Lai Nguyen for the support and guidance on my master’s thesis. Furthermore, I would like to extend my gratitude to Dr. Nicolas Faysse for his thorough guidance on my research and insightful comments. My sincere thanks also go to all the committee members, Dr. Sylvia Szabo and Mr. Surendra Shrestha for providing me with a broader perspective to make my work practical and useful on today’s context. My sincere thanks also goes to my colleague and friend Chanmonye Sean who helped me on the fieldwork as translator; without him this paper would not have been possible. Furthermore, I would like to thanks all the young people who took part on this study. Thanks for their time and valuable information they shared with us. And last but not least I would like to specially mention the Head of Villages, Khun Manoth from Bang Rung Rot, Khun Payon from Pho Yen and Khun from Hua Phai who helped us on the fieldwork to reach all the young people and make this research possible.
    [Show full text]