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Levi References & Notes LEVI REFERENCES & NOTES: Ahimelech is of Ithamar’s line; Zadok is GERSHON KOHATH MERARI of Eleazar’s line (1 Chr. 24:2,3,6). Ahimelech murdered at Nob under Saul, Abiathar escapes to David (1 Sam. 22). AMRAM IZHAR HEBRON UZZIEL Abiathar unfaithful as high priest under David (defects with Adonijah); Zadok a faithful priest at time of David (1 Kings 1:5- AARON MOSES MIRIAM KORAH NEPHEG ZICHRI 8). Zadok made high priest under Solomon; fulfils prophecy of taking priesthood from NADAB ABIHU ELEAZAR ITHAMAR SONS OF KORAH house of Eli (1 Kings 2:27, 35) *Therefore Eli must have been of Ithamar’s line. At PHINEHAS some point the priesthood seems to have ELI* passed to Eli from Phinehas (and so changing family lines). PHINEHAS Line of Zadok lasted until the exile and AHITUB also the return (1 Chr. 6:8-15; cf. Ezra 3:2). ETHAN HEMAN ASAPH It continued through intertestamental AHIMELECH (JEDUTHAN) times until Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175- 164 B.C.) sold the priesthood to Menelaus, ZADOK ABIATHAR who was not of the priestly line (2 Macb 4:23-50). By the time of Christ, Roman powers often appointed High Priests for SERAIAH political reasons, and they did not serve *Eli succeeded Abishua or Uzzi for life (it was not a hereditary office). (Josephus, Antiq. viii. 1, 3; v.11, 5). EZRA** JEHOZADAK Key singers/musicians appointed to JESHUA **Ezra was the brother Jehozadak, accompany the ark being bought to JOIAKIM Post-exilic who was taken into captivity by Jerusalem under David (1 Chr. 15). (Ezra 2:2,36; 3:2; Nebuchadnezzar (1 Chr. 6:13-15; ELIASHIB Neh. 12:1-12) Ezra 7:1-2) JOIADA FROM MT. SINAI TO THE JORDAN RIVER R!!SF0?%!%&$?! ~ A CHRONOLOGY OF KEY EVENTS ~ R!!?#$F+&$?%!%&$?! ! @0('+.%"! [*/'+.%"! 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LEVI IN THE RECORDS OF THE KINGDOM OF GOD EMPHASIZED ONLY IN THE RECORD OF CHRONICLES - ‘LEVI,’ ‘LEVITE,’ ‘LEVITES’ [1 Chr. 2,6,9,12,13,15,16,21,23,24,26,27,28; 2 Chr. 5,7,8,11,13,17,19,20,23,24,29,30,31,34,35] I CHRONICLES II CHRONICLES 1 Kings 12:31 (Jeroboam uses I SAMUEL II SAMUEL non-levitical priests for shrines) I KINGS II KINGS 2 Sam. 15:24 (ark 1 Sam. 6:15 (the ark brought out when David returns to Israel) flees from Absalom) 1 Kings 8:4 (ark brought into temple) Solomon on Death of Saul and throne Hannah Jonathan Ahazia (Israel) and Samuel (Song of the Bow) David is old Jehoshaphat (Judah) Captivity REFERENCE TO LEVITES: MENTION OF LEVITES BY NAME: The record of Samuel refers twice to the Levites; the record of Kings refers Many Levites are not mentioned in the once to the Levites, and once to the Kings record, but are prolifically PRIESTS BUT NOT LEVITES: sons of Levi. mentioned in Chronicles. The Kings record makes frequent 3 of the 4 references in Samuel and Ex. Asaph – 2x in Kings (2 Kings 18:18, reference to the priests of the time, Kings are linked to the ark. The last 37) in passing as father of Joah. But he but seems to deliberately leave out reference is to their neglect under is mentioned about 18x in I-II references to Levites, even when they Jeroboam. Chronicles. were key to certain events. LEVITICAL DUTIES TEMPLE PRACTICES (1 Chr. 23-26; 2 Chr. 13; (1 Chr. 9; 15-16; 22; 23; 28-29; 2 Chr. 19; etc.) 3-7; 11:16; 13; 15; 24; 29; 34; 36:23) SOUTHERN KINGDOM OF JUDAH & BENJAMIN GENEALOGIES - JERUSALEM - (1 Chr. 1-9; see 2 Chr. (2 Chron. 10-36) PRAYERS/PSALMS 31:16,19 *Note: key for (1 Chr. 4:10; 16; 21:8; 29; 2 establishing true temple Chr. 6; 20:5-13; 33:11-19) practices; cf. 1 Kings 12:31; Ezra 2) PASSOVER (2 Chr. 30; 35) *Note: RE-INSTITUTION OF MOSES’ AND DAVID’S UNIQUE detail given in Josiah’s INSTRUCTIONS (Moses = 22x; David, see 2 Chr. 7:6; time vs. Kings record 8:14; 23:18; 29:25,26,27,30; 35:4,15) EMPHASIS OF CHRONICLES Spiritual History & Lessons MUSIC (1 Chr. 15; 25; 2 HELPING/SUPPORTING Chr. 20; 29; 35) *Note: a key word in Chronicles – 24x Heb. ‘azar’ #5286, to succor/support SERVICE (only 3x in Kings) *Note: a key word in Chronicles – about 40x WORSHIP (Ex.1 Chr. 5:20; 12:1, 17-22; 2 Heb. ‘abodah’, #5656 (only 1x in Kings) (see Passover, Music, Chr. 14:11; 2 Chr. 32:3, etc.) (Ex. 1 Chr. 23:28; 2 Chr. 24:12) Prayers, Levitical duties, emphasis on sacrifices & the ark) LEVITES & PROPHETS Chronicles: Leadership of Levites (also key prophets) in the southern kingdom (many repentant). SPEECHES/EXHORTATIONS Kings: Leadership of prophets in northern kingdom (mostly unrepentant). (1 Chr. 13; 28-29; 2 Chr. 7; 15; 16; 19; 20; 21; 36:23.) SEEKING THE LORD Notice: Elijah – 1x in Chronicles, yet extensive in Kings Elisha – 0x in Chronicles, yet extensive in Kings (1 Chr. 1:5; 15:13; 16:10-11; 22:19; 28:8-9; 2 Chr. 7:14; Note: we find 400 prophets + Micaiah under Ahab in Israel (Northern Kingdom). Interestingly no Levites seem to be 11:16; 12:14; 14:4; 15:2,12- handy here at this time (2 Chr. 18:5-7). 13; 19:3; 20:3-4; 30:19; 31:21; 34:3) *Note: not one Note: When Josiah reads the Law he takes ‘Levites’ as Chronicles records (2 Chr. 34:30), but ‘prophets’ as Kings records reference in Kings! (2 Kings 23:2). Chronicles tells us that Levites are noted for ‘prophesying’ in their musical duties (1 Chr. 25:1). THE PROPHETS & THE FUTURE ROLE OF LEVI Indicating a restoration of the levitical order in the restored Kingdom of Israel ~ Assyrian captivity Nebuchadnezzar begins invasions Fall of Babylon & exiles return TeMple destroyed ISAIAH JEREMIAH MALACHI C. 740-690 BC C. 630-575 BC C. 500-478 BC EZEKIEL C. 594-560 BC “All the flocks of Kedar shall “David shall never lack a Man “And the Levites… shall be be gathered together to ministers in My sanctuary as to sit on the throne of the “He will purify the sons of you…they shall ascend with gatekeepers of the house and house of Israel; nor shall the Levi, and purge theM as gold acceptance on My altar” ministers of the house…” priests, the Levites, lack a and silver, that they May (60:7) (44:10-11) man to offer burnt offerings offer to the LORD an offering before Me…” (33:17) in righteousness. Then the “But you shall be naMed the “But the priests, the Levites, offering of Judah and priests of the LORD” (61:6) the sons of Zadok, who kept “so will I Multiply the JerusaleM will be pleasant to the charge of My sanctuary… descendents of David My the LORD, as in the days of “’And I will take soMe of they shall coMe near Me… servant and the Levites who old, as in forMer years…” theM for priests and Levites, they shall stand before Me” minister to Me.” (33:22) (3:3-4) says the LORD’” (66:21) (44:15) TWO ORDERS OF PRIESTS & LEVITES Ezekiel 44:10-31 [vs.
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