Pinene Is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID
Right to Know
Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet
Common Name: alpha-PINENE
Synonyms: 2-Pinene; Cyclic Dexadiene CAS Number: 80-56-8 Chemical Name: Bicyclo[3.1.1]Hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-Trimethyl- RTK Substance Number: 0052 Date: August 2008 Revision: April 2017 DOT Number: UN 2368
Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE BACK PAGE alpha-Pinene is an oily, colorless liquid with a Turpentine-like Hazard Summary odor. It is used in the manufacture of Camphor, insecticides, Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA solvents, plasticizers, perfumes, and synthetic pine oil. It is a HEALTH - 1 major component of Turpentine. FLAMMABILITY - 3 REACTIVITY - 0 FLAMMABLE POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; Reasons for Citation 4=severe alpha-Pinene is on the Right to Know Hazardous Substance List because it is cited by ACGIH, DOT and NFPA. alpha-Pinene can affect you when inhaled and by passing This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance through the skin. List. Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. Inhaling alpha-Pinene can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. Exposure to alpha-Pinene can cause headache, nausea and vomiting. Very high exposure may affect the nervous system causing SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. loss of coordination, dizziness, confusion, seizures and coma. alpha-Pinene may cause a skin allergy. FIRST AID alpha-Pinene may damage the kidneys. Eye Contact Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact lenses, if worn, while rinsing. Workplace Exposure Limits OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is Skin Contact 100 ppm (as Turpentine) averaged over an 8-hour Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash workshift. contaminated skin with large amounts of soap and water. NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit (REL) is Inhalation 100 ppm (as Turpentine) averaged over a 10-hour Remove the person from exposure. Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if workshift. breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. ACGIH: The threshold limit value (TLV) is 20 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift. EMERGENCY NUMBERS Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even though CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 air levels are less than the limits listed above. NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337 National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802
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Determining Your Exposure Reproductive Hazard According to the information presently available to the New Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data Jersey Department of Health, alpha-Pinene has not been Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product tested for its ability to affect reproduction. ingredients and important safety and health information about the product mixture. Other Effects alpha-Pinene can irritate the lungs. Repeated exposure For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New may cause bronchitis to develop with coughing, phlegm, Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact and/or shortness of breath. Sheet, available on the RTK Program website Skin allergy may occur with itching, redness and/or an (http://nj.gov/health/workplacehealthandsafety/right-to- eczema-like rash. If allergy develops, very low future know/) or in your facility’s RTK Central File or Hazard exposure can trigger symptoms. Communication Standard file. alpha-Pinene may damage the kidneys.
You have a right to this information under the New Jersey
Worker and Community Right to Know Act, the Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act Medical if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the Medical Testing federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you For frequent or potentially high exposure (half the (PEL) or are a private worker. greater), the following are recommended before beginning work and at regular times after that: The New Jersey Right to Know Act and the PEOSH Hazard Communication Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) Lung function tests requires most employers to label chemicals in the Kidney function tests workplace and requires public employers to provide their employees with information concerning chemical hazards If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following are recommended: and controls. The federal OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) requires private employers Exam of the nervous system to provide similar information and training to their Evaluation by a qualified allergist can help diagnose skin employees. allergy.
This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure. present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other damage already done are not a substitute for controlling factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential exposure. effects described below. Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). Health Hazard Information Acute Health Effects Mixed Exposures The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur Smoking can cause heart disease, lung cancer, immediately or shortly after exposure to alpha-Pinene: emphysema, and other respiratory problems. It may worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. Even if Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will reduce Inhaling alpha-Pinene can irritate the nose and throat your risk of developing health problems. causing coughing and wheezing. Exposure to alpha-Pinene can cause headache, nausea
and vomiting.
Very high exposure may affect the nervous system causing loss of coordination, dizziness, confusion, seizures and coma.
Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to alpha-Pinene and can last for months or years:
Cancer Hazard According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, alpha-Pinene has not been tested for its ability to cause cancer in animals.
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Workplace Controls and Practices Eye Protection Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less when working with liquids. toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single Respiratory Protection exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on should only be used if the employer has implemented a written workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control program that takes into account workplace conditions, Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/. requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and
The following work practices are also recommended: medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). Label process containers. Provide employees with hazard information and training. Where the potential exists for exposure over 20 ppm, use a Monitor airborne chemical concentrations. NIOSH approved full facepiece respirator with an organic Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed vapor cartridge. Increased protection is obtained from full recommended exposure levels. facepiece powered-air purifying respirators. Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers. Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect material. alpha-Pinene, (2) while wearing particulate filters abnormal Always wash at the end of the workshift. resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye irritation Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. Check to contaminated. make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it is, Do not take contaminated clothing home. replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer good, Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. you may need a new respirator. Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace. being handled, processed or stored. You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as applying cosmetics or using the toilet. vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals. Where the potential exists for exposure over 200 ppm, use a In addition, the following may be useful or required: NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure Before entering a confined space where alpha-Pinene may mode. For increased protection use in combination with an be present, check to make sure that an explosive auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in a concentration does not exist. pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Exposure to 800 ppm (as Turpentine) is immediately
dangerous to life and health. If the possibility of exposure above 800 ppm exists, use a NIOSH approved self- Personal Protective Equipment contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR equipped with an emergency escape air cylinder. 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train employees on how and when to use protective equipment. Fire Hazards If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained The following recommendations are only guidelines and may and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard not apply to every situation. (29 CFR 1910.156).
Gloves and Clothing alpha-Pinene is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID. Avoid skin contact with alpha-Pinene. Wear personal Use dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or other foam protective equipment made from material which can not be extinguishing agents, as water may not be effective in permeated or degraded by this substance. Safety fighting fires. equipment suppliers and manufacturers can provide POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE. recommendations on the most protective glove and clothing CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. material for your operation. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Silver Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a distance to cause Shield®/4H® and Viton for gloves and DuPont Tychem® a fire or explosion far from the source or flashback. Responder®; Kappler® Zytron® 500; and Saint-Gobain ONESuit® PRO, or the equivalent, as protective materials for Turpentine. All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. alpha-PINENE Page 4 of 6
Spills and Emergencies Occupational Health Information If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. The OSHA Hazardous Waste Resources Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR The New Jersey Department of Health offers multiple services 1910.120) may apply. in occupational health. These services include providing informational resources, educational materials, public If alpha-Pinene is spilled or leaked, take the following steps: presentations, and industrial hygiene and medical investigations and evaluations. Evacuate personnel and secure and control entrance to the area. Eliminate all ignition sources. For more information, please contact: Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar
material and deposit in sealed containers. Ventilate and wash area after clean-up is complete. New Jersey Department of Health Keep alpha-Pinene out of confined spaces, such as sewers, Right to Know Program because of the possibility of an explosion. PO Box 368 DO NOT wash into sewer. Trenton, NJ 08625-0368 It may be necessary to contain and dispose of alpha-Pinene Phone: 609-984-2202 as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Department Fax: 609-984-7407 of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional office of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for E-mail: [email protected] specific recommendations. Web address:
http://nj.gov/health/workplacehealthandsafety/right-to- know/
Handling and Storage Prior to working with alpha-Pinene you should be trained on The Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets its proper handling and storage. are not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes. alpha-Pinene reacts violently with OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE); PERCHROMATES; STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and NITRIC); and OXIDIZING ACIDS (such as PEROXYACETIC ACID and PEROXYBENZOIC ACID). Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from ORGANIC MATERIALS. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where alpha-Pinene is used, handled, or stored. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of alpha-Pinene. Metal containers involving the transfer of alpha-Pinene should be grounded and bonded.
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GLOSSARY
ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental Industrial LEL or Lower Explosive Limit, is the lowest concentration of Hygienists. They publish guidelines called Threshold Limit a combustible substance (gas or vapor) in the air capable of Values (TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. continuing an explosion.
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) are established mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air. by the EPA. They describe the risk to humans resulting from It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume). once-in-a lifetime, or rare, exposure to airborne chemicals. A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance can is a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations change its physical state from a liquid to a gas. can lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer.
A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer. NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It classifies substances according to their fire and explosion hazard. The CAS number is unique, identifying number, assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service, to a specific chemical. NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves CFR is the Code of Federal Regulations, which are the respirators, conducts studies of workplace hazards, and regulations of the United States government. proposes standards to OSHA.
A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will burn. NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests chemicals and reviews evidence for cancer. A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes destruction of human skin or severe corrosion of containers. OSHA is the federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration, which adopts and enforces health and safety DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental standards. Protection. PEOSHA is the New Jersey Public Employees Occupational DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency Safety and Health Act, which adopts and enforces health and that regulates the transportation of chemicals. safety standards in public workplaces.
EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal Permeated is the movement of chemicals through protective agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards. materials.
ERG is the Emergency Response Guidebook. It is a guide for PIH is a DOT designation for chemicals which are Poison emergency responders for transportation emergencies Inhalation Hazards. involving hazardous substances. ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a Emergency Response Planning Guideline (ERPG) values measure of concentration by volume in air. are intended to provide estimates of concentration ranges where one reasonably might anticipate observing adverse A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases effects. energy under certain conditions.
A fetus is an unborn human or animal. STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit which is usually a 15- minute exposure that should not be exceeded at any time A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will during a work day. ignite easily and burn rapidly. A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid damaging the fetus. gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air. UEL or Upper Explosive Limit is the highest concentration in IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a air above which there is too much fuel (gas or vapor) to begin a scientific group. reaction or explosion.
Ionization Potential is the amount of energy needed to Vapor Density is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of remove an electron from an atom or molecule. It is measured one gas to the weight of another (usually Hydrogen), at the in electron volts. same temperature and pressure.
IRIS is the Integrated Risk Information System database The vapor pressure is a measure of how readily a liquid or a maintained by federal EPA. The database contains solid mixes with air at its surface. A higher vapor pressure information on human health effects that may result from indicates a higher concentration of the substance in air and exposure to various chemicals in the environment. therefore increases the likelihood of breathing it in.
Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet Common Name: alpha-PINENE Synonyms: 2-Pinene; Cyclic Dexadiene CAS No: 80-56-8 Molecular Formula: C10H16 RTK Substance No: 0052 Description: Oily, colorless liquid HAZARD DATA Hazard Rating Firefighting Reactivity 1- Health alpha-Pinene is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID. alpha-Pinene reacts violently with OXIDIZING Use dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or other AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, 3- Fire foam extinguishing agents, as water may not be effective PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, 0- Reactivity in fighting fires. CHLORATES, NITRATES, CHLORINE, POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE. BROMINE and FLUORINE); PERCHROMATES; DOT#: UN 2368 CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, ERG Guide #: 128 Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. SULFURIC and NITRIC); and OXIDIZING ACIDS Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a distance to (such as PEROXYACETIC ACID and Hazard Class: 3 PEROXYBENZOIC ACID). (Flammable) cause a fire or explosion far from the source or flash back.
SPILL/LEAKS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Isolation Distance: Odor Threshold: Turpentine-like o o Small Spill: 60 meters (200 feet) Flash Point: 91 F (33 C) o o Large Spill: 270 meters (900 feet) Auto Ignition Temp: 491 F (255 C) Fire: 800 meters (1/2 mile) Vapor Density: 4.7 (air = 1) Vapor Pressure: 4.9 mm Hg at 81oF (27oC) Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Specific Gravity: 0.9 (water = 1) Keep alpha-Pinene out of confined spaces, such as Water Solubility: Insoluble sewers, because of the possibility of an explosion. Boiling Point: 313oF (156oC) DO NOT wash into sewer. Melting Point: -67oF (-55oC) Harmful to aquatic life. Freezing Point: -81oF (-63oC) Ionization Potential: 8.07 +/- 0.5 (eV) Molecular Weight: 136.3
EXPOSURE LIMITS PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT OSHA: 100 ppm, 8-hr TWA (as Turpentine) Gloves: Silver Shield®/4H® and Viton (>8-hr breakthrough for NIOSH: 100 ppm, 10-hr TWA (as Turpentine) Turpentine) ACGIH: 20 ppm, 8-hr TWA Coveralls: DuPont Tychem® Responder®; Kappler® Zytron® 500; and Saint-Gobain ONESuit® PRO (>8-hr breakthrough IDLH: 800 ppm (as Turpentine) for Turpentine) PAC PAC-1 = 60 ppm; PAC-2 = 120 ppm; Respirator: >20 ppm – Full facepiece APR with Organic vapor filter LEVELS: PAC-3 = 1,500 ppm >200 ppm – Pressure demand supplied air >800 ppm – Pressure demand SCBA
HEALTH EFFECTS FIRST AID AND DECONTAMINATION Eyes: Irritation Remove the person from exposure. Flush eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove Skin: Irritation contact lenses if worn. Inhalation: Nose, throat and lung irritation with Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash contaminated coughing and wheezing skin with large amounts of soap and water. Headache, dizziness, confusion, nausea and vomiting Begin artificial respiration if breathing has stopped and CPR if necessary. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. April 2017