Sita Sings the Blues | Sita Chante Le Blues

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Sita Sings the Blues | Sita Chante Le Blues Fiche pédagogique Sita chante le blues Projections dans le cadre du Festival de films de Fribourg Titre original : Sita Sings the Résumé monde deux garçons et disparaî- Blues tra. Sita est une déesse indienne et Film d'animation long métrage, l'épouse dévouée de Rama. Elle En parallèle à cette histoire my- Etats-Unis, 2009 suit son mari dans un exil de 14 thologique, une jeune Américaine, Production, réalisation, anima- ans dans la forêt. Elle se fait kid- Nina (la réalisatrice), rejoint son tion, montage et scénario : napper par le démon Râvana, roi mari en Inde jusqu’à ce que leur Nina Paley (d'après le conte de Lanka, mais sera libérée par le couple se sépare et qu’elle rentre mythologique Râmâyana) dieu singe, Hanuman, et son ar- aux Etats-Unis. Elle se fera quitter mée. Puis, répudiée par son mari par email et se retrouvera seule qui la croit infidèle, elle mettra au Version originale : anglaise Sous-titres : français, allemand ou lecture simultanée en fran- ___________________________________________________ çais ou en allemand Commentaires Durée : 1h22 Public concerné : 9 ans et Alike), permettant la libre dis- plus; ce film convient au Adaptation musicale du Râ- tribution, la copie et la modifi- élèves du cycle 2, voire au mâyana, célèbre épopée de la cation, c’est à-dire-que l’œuvre cycle 3 mythologie indienne, Sita sings n’est pas protégée de façon the Blues mêle tragédie an- restrictive. On peut la téléchar- cienne et comédie contempo- ger en qualité HD gratuitement raine. Ce film a été entièrement sur le web. réalisé, scénarisé, animé et monté par Nina Paley. Il est Nina Paley, dessinatrice de composé de saynètes, cha- bande dessinée et réalisatrice cune dans quatre styles gra- américaine née en 1968, met phiques différents. habilement en parallèle la lé- gende de Sita et sa propre Le film a été primé au Festival histoire, jamais vraiment direc- du Film d’Animation d’Annecy tement. Les deux récits parlent et il a reçu une mention spé- de femmes répudiées ou quit- ciale au Festival de Berlin en tées par leur mari pour des 2008. Le film, sous l’impulsion raisons obscures. De même, de la réalisatrice, est distribué les chansons jazzy des années sous une licence libre (Creative 20 d’Annette Hanshaw, mises Commons Attribution-Share dans la bouche de Sita, con- tent les amours perdues et les paroles (en anglais) des chan- déceptions sentimentales. Ces sons et leur donne un second histoires de couple question- et différent souffle dans la Disciplines et thèmes nent l’égalité et les relations bouche de Sita and dans le concernés : hommes-femmes à travers le contexte de l’Inde ancienne. temps et les cultures. Vu sous La voix d’Annette Hanshaw Arts: S'imprégner de divers cet angle, Sita chante le blues peut être considérée comme le domaines et cultures artis- s’adresse tout aussi bien aux troisième rôle féminin. De plus, tiques (objectif A 24 AC&M du adolescents qu’aux adultes. il est intéressant de constater Plan d'études romand) Toutefois, le film peut être bien avec les élèves l’anachronisme reçu par des plus jeunes, no- de ce choix musical. Formation générale, MITIC : tamment grâce aux séquences Décoder la mise en scène de musicales, à l’humour du film Les scènes avec les marion- divers types de messages et aux visuels ludiques et va- nettes d’ombres indonésiennes (explorer les principaux élé- riés. marquent un autre genre de ments qui composent une narration. A la manière d'un image fixe ou animée et du Nina Paley différencie les uni- chœur antique, elles débattent rapport entre l'image et le vers grâce à des traitements de la chronologie du conte et son ; identifier les stéréotypes graphiques variés, allant du commentent le rôle des per- les plus fréquents) (objectif FG dessin au trait à la peinture sonnages. Chacune ayant un 21 du PER). figurative traditionnelle in- point du vue et un avis marqué, dienne, du découpage au col- elles apportent un aspect co- lage. Le radical changement mique au film. Leur anglais est Français, langues : Enrichir stylistique de ces séquences coloré d’un fort accent indien. sa compréhension et sa pra- apporte un dynamisme au film. Elles sont comme des com- tique langagière par l'éta- mentateurs d’un match sportif, blissement de liens avec des Les interludes musicaux sont comme des voisines qui rado- langues différentes (objectifs chorégraphiés sur les chan- tent... L1 27 du PER) sons d’Annette Hanshaw, une chanteuse de jazz des années Sita sings the Blues est ainsi Produire des textes oraux 20. La Sita chanteuse devient un film riche qui ouvre de nom- variés propres à des situa- ainsi une Betty Boop de Bolly- breuses pistes de réflexion à tions de la vie courante (ex- wood. Ces chansons pour- plusieurs niveaux, et de dis- pression d'une opinion ; utilisa- raient être interprétées comme cussions intéressantes pour tion d'expressions qui montrent un troisième récit interne. En des classes de pré- la position de l'émetteur) (ob- effet, Nina Paley joue sur les adolescents ou d'adolescents. jectif L1 24 du PER) ___________________________________________________ Géographie : Identifier les relations existant entre les Objectifs pédagogiques activités humaines et l'orga- nisation de l'espace (objectif SHS 21-23 du PER) Approcher un conte par différents angles, par différents médias. Découvrir le vocabulaire relatif au monde du cinéma et du film Histoire : Identifier la ma- d’animation. nière dont les Hommes ont Décrire des images et différencier des styles graphiques. organisé la vie collective à Différencier des types narratifs (narrateur – énonciateur – acteur – travers le temps, ici et ail- commentateur - …). leurs… (objectif SHS 22 du Détailler la structure d’un conte. PER) Donner son impression sur un conte ou sur un film. Discuter de la notion de genre et de l’égalité homme-femme. Ethique et cultures reli- Découvrir différents espaces géographiques et historiques, les si- gieuses : Eveiller aux sens tuer sur une carte et se repérer par rapport à ceux-ci. des valeurs humanistes et ___________________________________________________ religieuses et identifier le fait religieux (objectif SHS 25 du Approcher le conte mythologi- PER) Pistes pédagogiques que de Râmâyana par différents Avant de voir le film… angles, par différents médias. 2 Tout d’abord par la lecture, puis Après avoir vu le film… par l’écoute de la musique, par l’observation de différents arts 1. Comparer le film au récit traditionnels, par le visionnage de du Râmâyana. supports audiovisuels sur internet, par l’observation d’une carte géo- Nina Paley l’a-t-elle adapté, modi- graphique, … fié, ou est-elle fidèle au texte ? Travailler sur les représentations. Les personnages sont-ils simi- laires ? 1. Lire le conte de Râmâyana et Sita est-elle telle qu’on se la re- l’analyser présente dans le film ? A-t-elle Quels sont les personnages prin- plusieurs « visages » ? cipaux ? Quels sont les personnages se- 2. Analyser les deux récits condaires ? du film. A quelle période se déroule le conte ? Comment la réalisatrice met-elle Dans quels lieux se déroule le en parallèle sa vie personnelle et conte ? Situer une carte. celle du conte ? En quoi les deux Quels sont les thèmes, le sujet ou histoires peuvent être similaires la morale du conte ? ou différentes ? Que pouvez-vous en conclure ? Comment les deux femmes, Sita et Nina, peuvent-elles être compa- 2. Ecouter différentes musiques rées ? indiennes, traditionnelles ou actuelles. 3. Analyser les différents Visionner des vidéos de danse, types de séquences. de théâtre d’ombres, de films d’animation,… Quels sont les différents types de Références proposées : scènes et comment sont-ils repré- http://www.dailymotion.com/video/ sentés graphiquement et par la xjdg7_indonesie-ramayana_travel bande sonore ? http://www.dailymotion.com/video/ Classer les types de séquences x50rcp_hindu-epic-ramayana- sur un plan graphique, narratif et ballet-java-ind_travel#rel-page-2 musical. Observer les récur- rences. http://www.dailymotion.com/video/ x31t0g_danse-balinaise-le- Recourir à la fiche 1 (en annexe). ramayana_travel Observation http://www.dailymotion.com/video/ 4. La musique xmj25a_le-ramayana-reportage- Comment la musique est-elle france-3_creation#rel-page-1 traitée ? Quelle place a-t-elle dans le film ? http://www.dailymotion.com/video/ Y a-t-il différents x848d7_le-ramayana-extraits-de- genres musicaux ? repetition_creation Que peut-on dire des interludes musicaux où Sita chante « le 3. Observer des dessins ou blues » sur les chansons créations de l'art indien et java- d’Annette Hanshaw ? nais qui représentent Râmâya- na. 5. Observer les styles gra- http://lalitavistara.free.fr/Hinduism/ phiques Hinduism_Pages/Ramayana.htm Quelles sont les différentes tech- http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/wha niques utilisées ? tson/exhibitions/ramayana/guide.h Qu’évoquent les différents styles tml graphiques ? 3 6. Exprimer son avis. Donner son appréciation sur le film. Aiguiser son sens critique. ___________________________________________________ Activités proposées 1. Pour les plus jeunes : 2. Pour les plus âgés : Kamishibai : représen- créer un conte en lien ter graphiquement le avec son propre vécu, conte de Râmâyana et avec les techniques du le raconter avec le photo-montage, du col- support du kamishibai. lage, du dessin et de l’écriture. ___________________________________________________ Pour en savoir plus Nina Paley et Sita chante le Blues http://www.sitasingstheblues.com/ http://www.ninapaley.com/ La musique : http://www.sitasingstheblues.com/SitaCueSheet.pdf Le Râmâyana Les Contes de Ramayana, Sand, Paris,1985. Le Ramayana de Valmiki, Gallimard Pléiade, Paris, 1999. Rāmakerti I - "La Gloire de Rāma", Pou S. et Mikaelian G., L'Harmat- tan, 2007. Le Ramayana de Valmiki illustré par les miniatures indiennes du XVIe au XIXe siècle, 7 vol., Éd. Diane de Selliers, La grande collection, 2011. http://indianred.pagesperso-orange.fr/ramayana.htm Autre adaptation filmique : « The Prince of Light - the Legend of Ramayana », de Yugo Sako, Ram Mohan (Japon, 1992) genre : manga ___________________________________________________ Maude Paley, enseignante au degré primaire, Vevey, février 2012.
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