Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy Vol. 1 No. 1, April 2020, 18-26 Available Online at http://journal.ppishk.org/index.php/jcgpp ISSN (Print): 2722-3981 | ISSN (Online): 2722-3973 Learning From Personality A.H. Nasution: Starting from Glory to Getting Out of the Political and Military Stage in Indonesia Samudra Eka Cipta*) Department of History Education, Faculty of Social Sciences Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, 40154, West Java, Indonesia. Received: 2020-01-21; Accepted: 2020-03-27; Published: 2020-04-30 Abstract General Abdul Haris Nasution is a national hero who has been educated from the military. Starting from being the Commander of the KNIL (Dutch East Indies Army) to becoming Minister of Internal Defense. Nasution once served as Commander of the Siliwangi Military Command. Nasution was very true of the military world. Nasution had been the target of murder from the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party). However, Nasution escaped death until he suffered minor injuries and legs. Nasution was also entrusted as Chair of the MPRS (Provisional People's Consultative Assembly). When Soekarno was confronted by Mahmilub (Extraordinary Court) by reading Pel-Nakwasara (Complementary Nakwasara) which contained about the pledoi for his defense efforts related to the G 30 S (September 30, 1965). Nasution, who was then chairman of the MPRS, refused the pledoi and immediately replaced Suharto as president. The New Order period lasted for 32 years Nasution's fate became increasingly tragic. Nasution was withdrawn from military service by Soeharto when it was proven in the Petition Objection 50 which was signed by several former generals and officers loyal to Sukarno to criticize Suharto's policies at that time. This researchs uses historical research methods, in this study aims to study more deeply about the figure of Abdul Haris Nasution began his career as a military until the end of the tragic as a retired soldier. The problem in this research is 1) How is the initial gait of A.H. Nasution? 2) How was Abdul Haris Nasution's role in defending Indonesia's independence 3) how Nasution's relationship with Sukarno and Suharto. Keywords: Nasution; Militarism; Indonesian; Politics; History How to Cite: Cipta, S.E., (2020). Learning From Personality A.H. Nasution: Starting from Glory to Getting Out of the Political and Military Stage in Indonesia. Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy, 1(1), 18-26. Permalink/DOI: https://doi.org/10.46507/jcgpp.v1i1.6 *) Corresponding Author Email : [email protected] http://journal.ppishk.org/index.php/jcgpp Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy 1 (1), April 2020, 18-26 19 of 26 Kertalegawa in the formation of the Introduction Pasundan State from 1947-1949 The man born in Kotanopan, (Kuswandi, 2015). December 3, 1918, in the early days Nasution's career in the of his career had begun to enter the military field was increasing, he was military world. Since the Dutch East appointed as Deputy Commander of Indies opened military education for the TKR. Together with Sudirman the Bumiputera group, then what is Nasution and his forces tried to quell known as K.N.I.L (Koninklijk the rebellion of the Indonesian Nederlands-Indische Leger), then Communist Party in Madiun in 1948. Nasution registered and got his The operation launched by Siliwangi military knowledge in Bandung succeeded in killing Muso while other together with T.B. Simatupang. PKI leaders, including DN Aidit, fled During his military education, In the New Order era, Nasution was always active and Soehartu was sacked from the obedient to his superiors. This also military when he and other former led Nasution to become a middle officers signed ' ' 50 Petitions '. Abdul officer at K.N.I.L because of his Haris Nasution was then blamed for superiors' trust in Nasution's the incidence of 50 petitions and the performance while he was a member new Order Govt made him a house of K.N.I.L. In the period of Japanese prisoner. During the custody of the occupation, when founding PETA house Abdul Nasution did not get the (Defender of the Motherland) by Dai lack of treatment of the rights as a Nippon's Army, Nasution's status was retired military official had not announced from the military world. fulfilled by the new Order Nasution had long been friends with government. But because of the Sukarno when both of them were in attitudes and personality of Abud Bandung. They always carry out Haris Nasution was very patient in his discussions regarding the problems various political trials during the faced by the Nation. For Nasution, post-retired TNI (Mulyana, 2013, p. Sukarno was a teacher and the 85). formation of a young Nasution character. Young Nasution always Research Methods read Sukarno's works about his In the methodology of writing, nationalism ideas and often explained the writer uses a qualitative research to his friends. After Indonesian approach by doing descriptive on Independence, Nasution returned to various sources of literature using active in the military and joined the scientific articles and books as a TKR (People's Security Army). In source of comparison and also uses a 1946 Nasution was appointed as the historical methodological approach Siliwangi Division III Commander. consisting of heuristics, criticism, The hardest task experienced by interpretation, explanation, and Nasution at the beginning of his historiography (Sjamsuddin, 2015, p. tenure as Pangdam was to banish 30). Historical research method is a Dutch Police Operations (or Dutch method or method used as a guide in Military Aggression I) when the Dutch conducting research into historical were accompanied by NICA trying to events and their problems. In other control strategic areas in Bandung. words, the method of historical Another task faced by Nasution was research is an instrument to trying to reduce the separatist reconstruct historical events (history movement initiated by Raden Soerija as past actuality) into history as Samudra Eka Cipta/Learning From Personality A.H. Nasution: Starting from Glory to Getting Out of the Political and Military Stage in Indonesia Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy 1 (1), April 2020, 18-26 20 of 26 stories (history as written). Within immediately appointed as KSAD the scope of Historical Sciences, the (Army Chief of Staff). Apparently, research method is called the Manai Sophiaan's proposal received historical method. tremendous support, especially from NU, Parkindo, the Catholic Party, PKI, Result and Disscusion Parindra, and the Labor Party, and Murba. In fact, Ignasius Kasimo Tidal Relationship A.H. Nasution proposed the formation of a counter with Sukarno motion idea in the Ministry of Although Nasution had Defense (Leni, 2013, p. 33). The previously had good relations with essence of what parliamentary Sukarno, it was possible that the support was initiated by Manai friendship relations between the two Sophiaan was aimed at improving the would sometimes worsen but structure of the military sector and sometimes it also improved. The realizing efforts to keep the military initial tension between Nasution and generals obedient and obedient to Sukarno when in an incident on Sukarno. Nasution, too, did not October 17, 1952, a battalion was quietly immediately immediately mobilized by Nasution layered with argue with Sukarno. Nasution still steel kaveleri and directed a cannon insisted that it was time for the army towards the front of the palace. The to get involved in determining the action was originally only 5,000 direction of state policy. For him, the people and then increased to 30,000 army is not only needed when the people. The action carried out by country is in a war situation. These Nasution was not intended to make a are the initial seeds of the concept of coup attempt against Sukarno but to the ABRI Dwi Function that Nasution dissolve the DPRS. Starting from the initiated. This idea (the Dwi Function motion of Manai Sophiaan, Secretary of the Armed Forces) was then General of the PNI, who argued that carried out in the New Order period. the DPRS has the right to interfere in Sukarno understood the matter, but ABRI's internal problems. To he was already disappointed with President Soekarno, Colonel AH Nasution's method. In December Nasution demanded to dissolve the 1952, at the behest of the president of DPRS. According to Nasution, the the Attorney General examining DPRS was too meddling in internal Nasution and TB Simatupang. Both TNI matters, especially in leadership are proven guilty. Since then Nasution matters within the Army. The has no longer become a military and President rejected Nasution's his status has been deactivated. After proposal. The reason is that the the dismissal of Nasution as Army President has no authority to dissolve Chief of Staff (Army Chief of Staff) in the DPRS. Despite this, Soekarno did 1952, Nasution later established the not want to be a dictator. Another IPKI Party (Pancasila Support consideration, the masses who Association). IPKI was formed by demanded the dissolution of Nasution as a participant in the 1955 Parliament, according to the elections. Nasution's formation of the president, were only a handful of IPKI was possible without reason but Jakartans and did not represent the because of Soekanrno's efforts to overall desires of the people. eliminate military influence on the However, Nasution's political scene. However, the results subordinate, Bambang Supeno of the 1955 General Election were rejected what was proposed by Manai still very far below Masyumi, PNI, and Sophiaan also urged Nasution to be Samudra Eka Cipta/Learning From Personality A.H. Nasution: Starting from Glory to Getting Out of the Political and Military Stage in Indonesia Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy 1 (1), April 2020, 18-26 21 of 26 PKI.