Associations Between Consumption of Quinoa, Amaranth and Kañiwa
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The Probable Use of Genus Amaranthus As Feed Material for Monogastric Animals
animals Review The Probable Use of Genus amaranthus as Feed Material for Monogastric Animals Tlou Grace Manyelo 1,2 , Nthabiseng Amenda Sebola 1 , Elsabe Janse van Rensburg 1 and Monnye Mabelebele 1,* 1 Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida 1710, South Africa; [email protected] (T.G.M.); [email protected] (N.A.S.); [email protected] (E.J.v.R.) 2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +27-11-471-3983 Received: 13 July 2020; Accepted: 5 August 2020; Published: 26 August 2020 Simple Summary: In monogastric production, feeds account for about 50–70% of the total costs. Protein ingredients are one of the most expensive inputs even though they are not included in large quantities as compared to cereals. Monogastric animal industries are faced with a major problem of limited protein sources, moreover, the competition for plant materials is expected to further increase feed prices. Therefore, to tackle this problem, interventions are required to find alternative and cost-effective protein sources. One identified crop that meets these requirements is amaranth. Studies have shown the potential and contribution that amaranth has as an alternative ingredient in diets for monogastric animals. Therefore, the main purpose of this review is to provide a detailed understanding of the potential use of amaranth as feed for monogastric animals, and further indicate processing techniques are suitable to improve the utilization of grain amaranth and leaves. -
Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen)
Crimson Publishers Mini Review Wings to the Research Underutilized Andean Crop Kañawa (Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen) Juan Pablo Rodriguez1* and Marten Sørensen2 1International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, UAE 2Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ISSN: 2637-7802 Abstract Small farmers worldwide are the custodians of agro-biodiversity belonging to both the plant and animal kingdoms. Grains and vegetables are the essentials needed to sustain our food systems. Goosefoots, i.e., Chenopodium species like kañawa (Ch. pallidicaule) and Quinoa (Ch. quinoa), are prominent examples of domestication by small farmers during ancient times that still exist. Chenopodium grains possess high ñawa tolerates salinity, drought and frost and its diversity allows farmers to cultivate the crop even above 4000m a.s.l. It isnutritional a staple food profiles source and as arean ingredient further characterized in a balanced by and being low glycaemicresilient climateindex diet. crops. Ka Introduction Kañawa, also known as cañahua or cañihua (Ch. pallidicaule Aellen), is a close relative of quinoa (Ch. quinoa Willd.) originating in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andean Highlands or Puna. Bolivia and Peru conserve a large collection of cañahua accessions with 801 and 341 entries, respectively [1-3]. While the quinoa is cultivated widespread both commercially *Corresponding author: Juan Pablo Rodriguez, Department of Plant & and experimentally, the kañawa is cultivated on a small-scale by farmers in both countries Environmental Sciences, University of [4]. The grain is an achene fruit like that of the quinoa and small-sized and with a very low Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark saponin content and a high nutritional value that surpasses that of the quinoa. -
Annualreportofdi72fiel.Pdf
mmmmm , THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY SOT CENTRAL CIRCULATION BOOKSTACKS The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its renewal or its return to the library from which it was borrowed on or before the Latest Date stamped below. The Minimum Fee for each Lost Book is $50.00. Theft/ mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. TO RENEW CALL TELEPHONE CENTER, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN MAR 9 1991 When renewing by phone, write new due date below previous due date. L162 Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. VII, Plate XXI ERNEST R. GRAHAM Trustee of the Museum and member of the Building Committee Field Museum of Natural History Founded by Marshall Field, 1893 Publication 248 Report Series Vol. VII, No. 2 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR 1927 nf -"^ THE imm JUL 3 1323 Of 'LUNOIS UNlVWSltY Chicago, U. S. A. January, 1928 OF THE tiW^ViiuSHY Of ILimOlS PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS ^ i V BEQUESTS Bequests to Field Museum of Natural History may be made in securities, money, books or collections. They may, if desired, take the form of a memorial to the memory of a person or cause, to be named by the giver. For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum, the following form is suggested: FORM OF BEQUEST I do hereby give and bequeath to Field Museum of Natural History of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, Cash contributions made within the taxable year to Field Museum of Natural History to an amount not in excess of 15 per cent of the taxpayer's net income are allowable as deduc- tions in computing net income under Article 251 of Regula- tion 69 relating to the income tax under the Revenue Act of 1926. -
Anthocyanins Content in the Kernel and Corncob of Mexican Purple Corn Populations
MaydicaOriginal paper Open Access Anthocyanins content in the kernel and corncob of Mexican purple corn populations 1 1 2 Carmen Gabriela Mendoza-Mendoza , Ma. del Carmen Mendoza-Castillo *, Adriana Delgado-Alvarado , Francisco Javier Sánchez-Ramírez3,Takeo Ángel Kato-Yamakake1 1 Postgrado en Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 36.5 Carretera México- Texcoco. 56230, Montecillo, Texcoco, estado de México, México. 2 Campus Puebla, Colegio de Postgraduados. Boulevard Forjadores de Puebla No. 205.72760. Santiago Momoxpan, Municipio San Pedro Cholula, Puebla, México. 3 Departamento de Fitomejoramiento, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro. Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, Saltillo, 25315. Coahuila, México. * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: Zea mays L., purple corn,anthocyanins, native corn, and San Juan Ixtenco, Tlaxcala. Abstract Purple corn has acquired great interest by its high content of anthocyanins and bioactive properties. Among this type of corn the Andean purple corn has been the most studied, however, in Mexico, we have the “maíces mora- dos”, which is recognized by its dark purple color. Since there is no record about its content of anthocyanins, in this study we quantified the total anthocyanins (TA) accumulated in the pericarp, aleurone layer, kernel, and corn- cob of 52 corn populations with different grades of pigmentation. Results showed that TA was superior in purple corn than in blue and red corn. TA ranged from 0.0044 to 0.0523 g of TA ∙ 100 g-1 of biomass in the aleurone layer; in the pericarp from 0.2529 to 2.6452 g of TA ∙ 100 g-1 of pericarp; in the kernel from 0.0398 to 0.2398 g of TA ∙ 100 g-1 of kernel and in the corncob from 0.1004 to 1.1022 g of TA ∙ 100 g-1 of corncob. -
8/6/27 Agriculture Crop Sciences Department Denton Eugene Alexander Papers, 1865-1992
The materials listed in this document are available for research at the University of Record Series Number Illinois Archives. For more information, email [email protected] or search http://www.library.illinois.edu/archives/archon for the record series number. 8/6/27 Agriculture Crop Sciences Department Denton Eugene Alexander Papers, 1865-1992 Box 1: Biographical Vitae Correspondence 1961-1969 1971-1980 Correspondence, 1981-1982 Correspondence, 1989 Correspondence, 1990 Correspondence, 1991 Administrative Correspondence, 1991 Clint, Margill Correspondence , 1981-1989 Consulting Correspondence, 1987-1990 DuPont - Pfister Correspondence, Consulting, 1991-1992 John R. Snyder Correspondence, 1988 Agronomy Graduate Faculty Meeting Minutes and Graduate Faculty 1963-1965 Agricultural Experiment Station Progress Reports, 1961-1978 Amino Acids Protein Content Amino Acids Analyzer Report, 1964 Andreeson, March Articles, 1988 Bar-Tsur Avri Post Doc, 1986 Breeding Corn for High Oil Content Project Report 1963 Breeding Problems and Potentials of Modified Protein Maize Breeding for Protein Quality in Maize and Current Issues and Problems, 1973 1989-1990, 1990-1991 Budgets Corn as a Producer of High Quality Protein, 1969 Corn Breeding at the University of Illinois 1895-1900, P.G. Holden, 1948 Corn Marketing Board, 1984-1985 Corn Oil Symposium, 1961 Corn Oil Symposium, Illinois 1973 Corn Papers (In Russian) DuPont Report 1/11/90 DuPont 02, 110 1990 DuPont Grant, 1997 DuPont Meeting Feb. 20-21 1992 Wilmington DuPont-Pfister Report 7/9/91 Tech Comm Report 7/10/91 DuPont Pfister Tecchnical Committee mtg. Sept. 2, 1989, October 12, 1989 DuPont Lab 1989 DuPont Proposal (second) + High oreic patent Application 1995 Endosperm Phenotype and Protein Quality of some opaque 2 variants - Correspondence, Lab Davey Pub. -
The Chemistry Behind Amaranth Grains
Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering Review Article Open Access The chemistry behind amaranth grains Abstract Volume 8 Issue 5 - 2018 Due to their favorable chemical content and the application in developing functional Kristian Pastor, Marijana Ačanski food products, the use of pseudocereal species in human nutrition is constantly University of Novi Sad, Serbia increasing. Amaranth is one of the three pseudocereals, next to buckwheat and quinoa, most frequently used in modern formulations of functional bakery, pastry and Correspondence: Kristian Pastor, Faculty of Technology, confectionary food products. Therefore, it is of great importance to summarize the University of Novi Sad, Bul. caraLazara 1, reasons of its importance and the chemistry behind it. This review also describes the Email [email protected] contents of macronutrients (such as starch, proteins, lipids), micronutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) and some of the antinutrients in amaranth grain, and compares Received: March 21, 2018 | Published: October 12 , 2018 them with other cereal and pseudocereal species, which are also commonly used in human nutrition. Keywords: amaranth grain, chemistry and uses, macronutrients, micronutrients, antinutrients Introduction Since amaranth grains containa relatively large starch content, strong alcoholic beverages can also be produced. A yellow amaranth oil can Amaranth (Amaranthus spp., Greek “eternal”) originates in be obtained by refining process, and it contains about 8% squalene.1 South America, specifically Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. Even NASA astronauts used amaranth as part of their diet in the universe. Discussion Botanically, amaranth belongs to the family of dicotyledonous plants Amaranthaceae, which includes more than 60 species, most of which Carbohydrates are weeds. -
How Amaranth Grain Affects Total Body Weight and Major Organ Weight in the Mongolian Gerbil Rhoshonda Montgomery- Conway
Langston University Digital Commons @ Langston University McCabe Thesis Collection Student Works 5-1994 How Amaranth Grain Affects Total Body Weight and Major Organ Weight in the Mongolian Gerbil Rhoshonda Montgomery- Conway Follow this and additional works at: http://dclu.langston.edu/mccabe_theses Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Biology Commons, and the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Montgomery- Conway, Rhoshonda, "How Amaranth Grain Affects Total Body Weight and Major Organ Weight in the Mongolian Gerbil" (1994). McCabe Thesis Collection. Paper 12. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ Langston University. It has been accepted for inclusion in McCabe Thesis Collection by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Langston University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Edwin P. McCabe Honors Program Senior Thesis "How Amaranth Grain Affects Total Body Weight and Major Organ Weight in the Mongolian Gerbil Rhoshonda Montgomery-Conway May 1994 Langston University Langston, Oklahoma HOW AMARANTH GRAIN AFFECTS TOTAL BODY WEIGHT AND MAJOR ORGAN WEIGHT IN THE MONGOLIAN GERBIL By Rhoshonda Montgomery-Conway Biology Major Langston University Langston, Oklahoma Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the E. P. McCabe Honors Program May 1994 M. B. Tolson Black Heritage Center Langston University Langston, Oklahoma HOW AMARANTH GRAIN AFFECTS TOTAL BODY WEIGHT AND MAJOR ORGAN WEIGHT IN THE MONGOLIAN GERBIL ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Zola Drain, my thesis chairperson, and Dr. Sarah Thomas, a member of my thesis committee. This research would have not been completed without them. Much of their personal time and finances were donated to my project. -
Sommaire Du CHAPITRE 1 L'origine De L'agriculture
Sommaire du CHAPITRE 1 L'origine de l'agriculture Origine de l’agriculture. 2 Quelques concepts et terminologie . 5 Historique des recherches sur l'origine de l'agriculture et l'évolution des plantes cultivées . 6 Centre A1 (Moyen-Orient; croissant fertile) . 12 Le développement agricole en Amérique. 15 Centre C1 centre méso-américain ; Mexique central . 16 Non-centre C2 ou centre sud-américain du plateau andéen . 19 Centre B1 ou Centre Chinois . 24 Le non-centre africain A2 - Centre d'agriculture africaine indigène . 26 Le non-centre du sud-est asiatique (B2) . 27 Centre nord-américain . 29 Quelques exceptions: Trois plantes d'importance alimentaire dont la domestication n'est pas reliée à un centre d'origine précis . 31 HYPOTHESES sur les causes de l’origine du développement agricole: passage de la période du paléolithique au néolithique circa. 10 000 A.P. 31 Références . 35 ANNEXE 1 La Méthode de datation du C1. 37 La microscopie électronique à balayage . 39 Références de l’annexe 1 . 40 - 1 - CHAPITRE 1 L'origine de l'agriculture ’Homme social a commencé sa lente évolution sur la terre il y a déjà plus de 4,5 millions d'années, si l'on Laccepte que les hominidés de l'Afrique de l'Est étaient socialement mieux structurés et plus orga-nisés dans leur quête de nourriture que les singes. Certains anthropologues sont plus restrictifs dans leurs critères et pla- cent l'Homme social à une date plus récente, il y a environ 2,5 millions d'années, quand Homo habilis a dévelop- pé un langage structuré conditionné par des modifications de la structure du larynx. -
Chenopodium Quinoa)
Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences Department of Food Science Development and studies on a gluten free, liquid suspension based on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Utveckling och studier på en glutenfri, flytande blandning baserad på quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Christine Thuresson Agronomy Program - Food Science Independent Project in Food Science• Master Thesis • 30 hec • Advanced A2E Publikation/Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för livsmedelsvetenskap, no 427 Uppsala, 2015 Development and studies on a gluten free, liquid suspension based on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Utveckling och studier på en glutenfri, flytande blandning baserad på quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Christine Thuresson Supervisor: Olof Böök, Aventure AB Assistant Supervisor: Roger Andersson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science Examiner: Lena Dimberg, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science Credits: 30 hec Level: Advanced A2E Course title: Independent Project in Food Science – Master Thesis Course code: EX0425 Programme/education: Agronomy in Food Science Place of publication: Uppsala Year of publication: 2015 Cover picture: Photo by Christine Thuresson Title of series: Publikation/Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för livsmedelsvetenskap Serie no: 427 Online publication: http://stud.epsilon.slu.se Keywords: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule) plant-based beverage, α-amylase, β-amylase Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences Department of Food Science Abstract The aim of this project was to develop and make studies on a liquid suspension based on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). Quinoa is an Andean pseudo-cereal from South America that is considered to be gluten free. A screening was set up to standardize the method for making a beverage. -
Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) and Qañawa (Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen) in the Context of Climate Change in the High Andes
Cien. Inv. Agr. 46(2):113-124. 2019 www.rcia.uc.cl ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGY DOI 10.7764/rcia.v46i2.2146 RESEARCH PAPER Improvement of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Qañawa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) in the context of climate change in the high Andes Alejandro Bonifacio Fundación PROINPA, La Paz, Bolivia. Abstract A. Bonifacio. Improvement of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Qañawa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) in the context of climate change in the high Andes. Cien. Inv. Agr. 46(2): 113-124. Quinoa and qañawa are the only native crops that produce food grain in the high Andes. The improvement of quinoa has been addressed by government institutions, universities and NGOs, obtaining improved varieties. However, qañawa has received little or no attention in the development of varieties, and only native varieties and revalued varieties exist. The native and improved varieties of quinoa have contributed to food production for rural families and for export, generating significant economic income. In recent decades, the production of these grains has been negatively affected by the effects of climate change. In the high Andes, climatic variability, together with climate change, disturbs the regime of climatic factors, with evident changes represented by drought, frost, hail and wind. The objective of this paper is to describe the context of climate change, review the progress in the improvement of quinoa and qañawa and propose adjustments to improve production methods in the high Andes. The genetic methods and materials used in the improvement of quinoa have allowed varieties with prioritized characters to be obtained in the last decades, and these varieties have met and continue to fulfill their roles in food production and income generation for producers. -
5959 Volume 12 No. 2 April 2012 NUTRITIONAL and FUNCTIONAL
Volume 12 No. 2 April 2012 NUTRITIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF A COMPLEMENTARY FOOD BASED ON KENYAN AMARANTH GRAIN (AMARANTHUS CRUENTUS) Mburu MW1*, Gikonyo NK2, Kenji GM1 and AM Mwasaru1 Monica Mburu *Corresponding author email: [email protected] 1 Monica W. Mburu, Glaston M. Kenji and Aflred M. Mwasaru Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology. Thika. 2 Nicholas K. Gikonyo Department of Pharmacy and Complementary / Alternative Medicine, Kenyatta University. Nairobi. 5959 Volume 12 No. 2 April 2012 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional and functional properties of Amaranthus cruentus grain grown in Kenya for preparation of a ready-to-eat product that can be recommended as infant complementary food. Amaranth grains were subjected to steeping and steam pre-gelatinization to produce a ready-to-eat nutritious product with improved solubility during reconstitution. The effect of processing on the functional and nutritional properties of amaranth grain was analyzed. Two blends were prepared from raw and processed amaranth grains. Standard procedures of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) were used to determine the proximate chemical composition. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used quantify amino acid, water soluble vitamins, α- tocopherols and phytates, while Atomic Absorption Flame Emission spectrophotometry was used to determine the mineral element composition. Fatty acid composition was determined using Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Tannin composition was determined using vanillin hydrochloric acid method. The overall results indicated that processing amaranth grain did not significantly affect its nutritional and physicochemical properties. Amaranth grain product was rich in protein with 0.5 g/10g of lysine, a limiting amino acid in cereals, and methionine, a limiting amino acid in pulses. -
Third-Year Review Documentation
Peter J. Maughan Brigham Young University | Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences 5144 LSB, Provo, Utah, 84602 | Brigham Young University http://lifesciences.byu.edu/~pjm43 http://orphanedcrops.byu.edu/ : [email protected] : (801) 422-8698 Time Allocation: Teaching + Citizenship 60%, Research 40% SHORT BIOGRAPHY Dr. Maughan is a Professor of Molecular Genetics at Brigham Young University (BYU). He received his Ph.D. from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Prior to coming to BYU, Dr. Maughan was the Director of the North American Genotyping for the Monsanto Company, a worldwide leader in agricultural biotechnology. He has an established research program with funding from numerous sources, including NSF, USDA, World Bank, and the McKnight Foundation. He has published > 75 refereed research articles and book chapters and serves as an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) missions expert for food, agriculture and biotechnology and as an associate editor for the Botanical Society of America’s Applications in Plant Sciences. He was awarded the Thomas L. Martin Professorship, the Karl G. Maeser Research Research & Creative Arts award, the John A. Widtsoe University Fellowship as well as the College of Life Science’s Excellence in Research Award in recognition of his research that enhances the quality of life and contributes to the solution of pressing world problem. His research is primarily focused on the development of genomic tools for accelerated breeding of orphaned crops (quinoa, amaranth, etc.). These plant species are important for regional food security in several areas of modern Latin America and have recently received substantial attention as alternative food crops, especially in light of their nutritional value and tolerance to drought and salinity stress.