IRNA Report: Lirya Payam County - CES South

Date of assessment: 05th to 07th August 2020

This IRNA Report is a product of Inter-Agency Assessment mission conducted and information compiled based on the inputs provided by partners on the ground including; government authorities, affected communities/IDPs and agencies.

Background: Fighting between suspected SSPDF and NAS broke out in Langabu Lirya Payam of Juba County, this fighting caused localized displacements, looting of Household property and livestock, destruction of crops and burning of houses. Following a request by RRC Director of CES State through a letter to OCHA dated 27/07/2020 requesting for humanitarian intervention to the affected population, OCHA organized an inter-agency mission to Lirya Counties which has an estimated 6208 people in displaced from Langabu Boma to Omeling, Opiri and Lirya center affected with the following consequences:  Estimated number of affected HH is 1001 approximately 6208 persons.  The armed men burnt down house and looting of Household items and livestock.  over 70% of Houses were destroyed and properties looted.  Affected populations are being helped by local communities in Lirya Town as other coping mechanism and remaining options are environmentally hazardous and fragile i.e. charcoal burning.  Assessment also noted gaps in health, WASH, FSL and GBV services in the area assessed.  The situation is likely to elevate issues of GBV, child neglect, malnourishment, sex for survival etc. The IRNA mission to this location comprise of ONO AID, HLSS, AYA, MaCDA, Health Link, ART, DMI, Relief and Rehabilitation Commission (RRC), SMOH/CHD and AAHI as Lead Organization assisted by RRC., the mission was from 5th to 7th August 2020 Assessment team applied the different methodologies to collect data, the assessment bearing in mind COVID -19 Measures, the team conducted awareness to the general public on COVID-19 in order let the community know the importance of COVID-19 preventions measures and also for the community to have key information.

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

Drivers and underlying factors

 Fighting between suspected SSPDF and NAS in Lokiliri and leading into Langabur of Lirya Payam.  Rains have extended beyond the normal season in 2019 and the dry spell set on in October 2019 coinciding with the harvest time for main crops sorghum, maize, ground nuts. The local community were seriously affected and that resulted into food insecurity, this year 2020 they hope to harvest but with clashes and burning of the areas the affected population may face food insecurity again.  Invasion of Locusts/grasshoppers in 2019 another point of concern, as community have been hearing of locust in .

Scope of the crisis and humanitarian profile

 Affected population without Shelter/NFI exposing them to harsh weather.  Affected population without food and risk of malnutrition  Disruption of livelihood  Risk of infections especially malaria  There might be increase of GBV.

IDPs being Hosted at Omeling Primaryschool

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

How many people are affected disaggregated by sex and age?

The assessment team did not verify and establish disaggregated population data, However, responding agencies may obtain data during intervention period.

Coping mechanisms of the population? Describe patterns for men, women, boys and girls.

 Dependence on kin in Lirya town  Men and women engage in fragile livelihoods mainly selling of firewood and charcoal  Some families have send their Children to Aru Junction and Juba Town where Children join petty business mainly hawking, shoe shining and selling water and plastic bottles.  Gathering wild green leaves (Lemutere), cooking and eating for survival

Status of the population in the affected area Populations were locally displaced after their houses were burnt down. Leaving the already vulnerable community to be more vulnerable to the harsh weather condition given it is rainy season.

Disruption of livelihood, this exposes community especially the vulnerable children, elderly, lactating and pregnant women to food insecurity and malnutrition.

Water supply facilities are broken down in Langabur, and community are harvesting rain water from the center where they are displaced, use of toilets have never been a priority and all are vulnerable to WASH related infections.

No functioning Health facility in Langabur, the only area with facility is Lirya town

Generally, the fighting has negatively affected the population both in food incomes and Livelihood drastically drifting the vulnerable households into further poverty.

Key response priorities

S/N Top Priority action for response Cluster 1 Shelter/ NFI kit S/NFI 2 Food assistance, second season seeds including vegetables and tools. FSL/FAO 3 Established outreach/Mobil Clinic to Langabur from Lirya HLSS & Health Cluster 4 Provision of Dignity kits to girls and women of Child bearing age. Protection 6 Rehabilitation of water points /water purification and Hygiene campaign WASH

Physical access of Humanitarian. Lirya is accessible by road with no logistical challenges in delivering of humanitarian items and services. However, from Lirya Centre to Langabur there is a seasonal stream (Chubet) which over floods and cannot be crossed until it subsides especially at this time (The assessment team had to use tractor for pulling the vehicles across and back)

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

Key findings Cluster 1, WASH 1.1 Key Findings/Observations Communities use boreholes with hand pumps, solar pumps and springs as sources of safe water, streams are unsafe water. They do not practice any kind of water treatment. Summary of access to water is as summarized below”

one of the water point Specific findings  There are nine (9) boreholes in Liria Boma and only three (3) are functioning  In Omeling there are three boreholes and only one (1) is functioning, a good Samaritan came to motorized the borehole using solar to pump the water at Omeling Primary School  In Opiri village there are two boreholes and all are not functioning, the internal Displaced People (IDPs) and the host community are drinking water from the stream  There are no containers for fetching water and storages, Women are sharing 5LTs Jerrycans from the host communities  No Sanitation facilities in community  Men and women are bathing in the streams and no bathing shelters  Poor hygiene and sanitation exposing community to water borne diseases

Latrine coverage according to the villages

Village Latrine coverage Comments Latrines are only in Health Centre, School Liria village 10% and community center and poorly used The latrine is only found in primary school Omeling Village 2% and poorly used All the host communities and IDPs Opire Village 0% defecate in the bush

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

1: 2 Recommendations  Provide WASH NFIs e.g. aqua tabs, mosquito nets.  Flush and disinfect boreholes with hand pumps that may have been contaminated due to flooding  There is need for immediate rehabilitation and restoration of non-functional safe water points including support in protection of the open hand dug wells  Retrain and strengthen the community water point management structures  Hygiene promotion campaigns focusing on personal hygiene and human waste disposal;  Provision of digging tools for Latrine construction.  Refresher training for water user committee and hand pump mechanics  Establish more water points to achieve the universal minimum access to safe water in quantity and quality.

Cluster 2, NFIS/SHELTER

Key Findings / Observations 2.1 Key Findings  Houses and household items were witnessed burnt and vandalized  IDPs are sheltering in schools  5 persons on average witnessed occupying a tukul of approximately 2 – 3metres radius  In absent rains widows and their children witnessed sleeping outside the public structures  No evidence of NFI supplies availably made by any other humanitarian agency 2.2 Immediate recommendations  Immediate distribution of emergency shelter and NFIs e.g. ITNs, plastic sheets, blankets, Jerricans, buckets and sleeping mats.  Provision of tools shelter items to the most vulnerable persons  Need to distribute lighting materials like torches  Construction of some resilience shelters for the most vulnerable persons such as the elderly, women and parentless displaced children.  Need for cash and voucher assistances in the area in order to boost the individual’s economic capacity in order to buy shelter building materials.  Distributions of WASH NFIs plus dignity kits to the women and girls in the reproductive age 2.3 Medium and long term recommendations  Capacity building to the most vulnerable groups  Introduce the ideas of forming associations among the displaced communities  Build schools for the parentless displaced persons

Cluster 3, Protection 3.1 General Protection

Key findings / Observations

 The IDP’s mentioned that it is still risky for them to go back to their home village in Olema,due to fear of attack. Where they are hosted is safe.

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

 The IDPs are currently putting up in two classrooms, one for females and one for men.  Some of the IDP men still get back to collect some food stuff from their gardens which still expose them to abduction. 3.2 Gender Based Violence.  The environment is completely bushy all over which is very risky for women, girls and children. The women mentioned that they fear to go to the bush to collect firewood and look for greens to feed their children. Hence they always go in group.  There are many cases of early and forced marriages. The women mentioned that since the girls are not in school, it is useless for them to remain home but rather should get married so that their husbands can help their mothers. “in one chat with one of the chief, he mentioned that if a girl refused to marry, himself as the chief will go and convince the girl till she accepts to get married”  There are also cases of domestic/ physical violence due to loss of community livelihood.  Most families have last their personal items like clothes and MHM materials.

3.3 GBV Response services.  The service mapping shows that there is no GBV response services available, no health facility, counselling services for GBV survivors and no trained person to administer CMR services.  No community structures like women’s groups/ networks for women and girls to share issues and experience.  The only Functional Health Facility is about 22 kilometers from Langabur.

3:4 General and specific Recommendations:  There is urgent need for multi-sectoral intervention to this community. (GBV and protection, child protection, WASH, Health, NFI, FSL)  Establish GBV Community structure/network  Provision of dignity kits to women and girls.  Establish GBV CMR services.  Establish/Strengthen GBV CMR in Lirya health facility and on job training for staff administering CMR services and do referrals. 3:5 Child Protection.  15 unaccompanied and separated children (UASC) and orphans are among the IDPs in Lirya and Langabu.  NO child protection services in this community neither CFS’s 3:6 Recommendation for Child Protection.  Reunification of 15 UASC  Establish Emergency Child Friendly Space to prevent children from unnecessary movements  Campaigns and awareness on issues of Child Protection and COVID- 19  Having focal persons to deal with CP concerns on the ground.

Cluster 4, Health 4:1 Key Findings

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

Lirya Payam: Langabur Boma has no health facility and patients are transported by relatives to Lirya Primary Health Care Center a distance of 22 kilometers

Lirya Primary Health Care Center (PHCC) has adequate essential drugs that support both IDPs and Host community for few weeks before they depilated.

No disease outbreak reported but the common diseases send at the PHCC are Malaria, Respiratory tract infection, Diarrhoea diseases and Skin diseases

4:2 EPI services

A good coverage which was estimated at 69% according to the key informants and the activities are being carried out through community trained vaccinators. The vaccines are supplied by the government’s ministry of health supported by health link.

COVID-19 sensitization - Message minimally received, with no ongoing awareness campaign 4: 3 Recommendations  The Lirya Payam Health Department should arrange with the Lirya Primary Health Care Center to initiate outreach/Mobile services to Langabur Payam immediately.  Supply of minimum health packages  State Ministry of Health, County Health Department and Health Link should enhance training/capacity building to First Aiders, TBS, CHWs and community Health promoters in Langabur  Establish health community structures.

Cluster 5 Nutrition

5:1 Key findings

Health Link SS and ART

5:2 Nutrition key findings

 There is a nutrition actor on ground who is implementing OTP and TSFP program although the beneficiaries have to move some distance to access the services.  Most of the IDPs are staying within Lirya are staying with close relative who are giving them some support. However, those living in Langabur are residing within a school class room block  Community as a whole are practicing food production as crops are seen within the gardens almost covering the entire visible areas.  Most households take one meal per day since there is no food at the household level, no diet balancing as the only available source is greens, i.e. there are no grains (beans, peas, etc.), fish, meat etc.  OTP and TSFP commodities are shared among the household members due lack of food in the house.

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

 OTP and TSFP beneficiaries default due to long distance to travel to access services (180 Mins walking). This is evidenced by the number of defaulter found on ground.

Under 5 currently on OTP and TSFP program from Langabu in lirya nutrition site Yellow Red Oedema Total U5 beneficiaries M F M F M F M F 29 26 7 7 00 00 36 33 Total: 69 Pregnant and lactating mothers currently on TSFP program from Langabu

Category Pregnant 26 Lactating 29 Total: 55 5:3 Recommendations.  Need to Conduct outreaches to meet the need of the IDPs and to reduce the cases of defaulters as the distance to the OTP and TSFP center is long (about 180 Minutes’ walk)  Provide vegetable seeds to support the IDPs and the host community as a short term intervention.  Provide GFD for at least three months as their crops mature for local consumption.  Carry out activities to promote optimal maternal, infant and young child nutrition practices including formation of mother to mother support group.  Need for Blanket Supplementary Feeding Program (BSFP)

Cluster 6, Food Security and Livelihood 6: 1 Key findings / observations  IDPs Communities in Omeling, Opiri and Lirya  The main concern cited by communities in Langabur – Lirya Road is in bad condition during rainy season. Access to the is made difficult as roads are made impassable  The main crops grown in the visited locations are groundnut, sorghum, sesame and vegetable such as okra but The IDPs’ main normal meal is wild foods, especially greens, which they gather from the bushes. This is because majority can no longer access their farm land to get planted greens/food due to insecurity.  The farms in Lirya were affected by locusts in 2019 as well, the locust invasion was massive that sorghum yields were greatly reduced leaving the population with no food reserve for this year. The locust invasion was said to be a result of heavy rains. This year, the rains are similarly heavy and may be followed by locust invasion that could lead to poor harvest.  IDPs are engaged in burning and sale of charcoals to raise HH income.  The IDPs have to walk a distance of over 3-4 hours to access markets in Lirya Centre. This distance makes other people not to access this market especially children, lactating mothers, the elderly ones and persons with disabilities  There are no fishing activities in the area, therefore, IDPs do not access to fish no food in Omeling, Langabur and in Lirya Centre.

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

 In the past two (2) months, the livelihood of the community has greatly changed due to lack of food and continuous abduction of youth by unknown armed groups in the area.  Households experienced shocks such as insecurity/violence/robbery, high food prices, shortage of food in the household, eating less preferred foods, loss of employment and reduced incomes of household member(s). However, they are coping with these shocks by reducing food consumption, gathering wild foods and reduced non-food consumption.  6/8 households have children under the age of 5 in their houses, with 70% girls and 30% boys with an average age of 4 years old. Recommendations food security  Provision of food aid to all IDPs and Vulnerable host community.  Introduction of cash for asset activities such as construction of feeder road can enable affected communities earn income during this second season. This can also enable them access Lirya markets during rainy season and can boost small business activities.  Provision and distribution of Seeds and tools for Second season.

Vulnerability Group Observed:  Pregnant and lactating mothers  Number of Children very high among the displaced families  Elderly and disabled persons  HHs without food and animal incomes  Single, especially women headed households Priorities for Immediate Humanitarian response  Cluster 1, WASH

S/N Priority Short Medium Low 1 Provide WASH NFIs e.g. aqua tabs, mosquito nets  2 Flush and disinfect boreholes with hand pumps that may have been  contaminated due to flooding 3 There is need for immediate rehabilitation and restoration of non-  functional safe water points including support in protection of the open hand dug wells 5 Retrain and strengthen the community water point management  structures 6 Hygiene promotion campaigns focusing on personal hygiene and

human waste disposal and Provision of digging tools for Latrine  construction. 7 Construction of public latrines in public places such as markets and school 

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

 Cluster 2, NFIs & Shelter

S/N Priority Short medium Low Immediate distribution of emergency shelter and NFIs e.g. ITNs, plastic  sheets, blankets, Jerricans, buckets and sleeping mats. Provision of tools shelter items to the most vulnerable persons  Construction of some resilience shelters for the most vulnerable  persons such as the elderly, women and parentless displaced children. Capacity building to the most vulnerable groups  Introduce the ideas of forming associations among the displaced  communities

Cluster 3, Protection ( GBV and CP) S/N Priority Short medium Low 1 Provision/distribution of dignity kit to women and girls  2 Establish GBV Community structure/network  3 Creation of Child Friendly Space (CFS) to prevent children from  unnecessary movements 4 Establish GBV CMR services.  5 Establish/Strengthen GBV CMR in Lirya health facility and on job  training for staff administering CMR services and do referrals 6 Campaigns and awareness on issues of Child Protection (CP)  7 Creation of Women and Girls Friendly Space (WGFS)  8 Introduce and implement women empowering interventions  9 Reunification of 15 UASC  10 Campaigns and awareness on issues of Child Protection and COVID- 19 11 Having focal persons to deal with CP concerns on the ground 

Cluster 4, Health

S/N Priority Short Medium Low 1- The Lirya County Health Department should arrange with the Lirya  Primary Health Care Center to initiate outreach/Mobile services to Langabur Payam immediately. 2 Supply of minimum health packages  3- State Ministry of Health, County Health Department and Health Link  South Sudan should enhance training/capacity building to First Aiders, TBS, CHWs and community Health promoters in Langabur Establish health community structures. 

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IRNA Report: Lirya Payam Juba County 05th – 07th August 2020

 Cluster 5, FSL

S/N Priority Short medium Low 1 Provision of food aid to all IDPs and Vulnerable host community.  2 Introduction of cash for asset activities such as construction of feeder  road can enable affected communities earn income during this second season. This can also enable them access Lirya markets during rainy season and can boost small business activities. 3 Provision and distribution of Seeds and tools for Second season. 

List of Participants S/n Name Organisation Cluster Email Phone

1 Bullen Augustine AAH FSL [email protected] 0921649989 2 Kalisto Louis RRC Coordination 0927062355 3 Betty Eugino [email protected] SMOH Health rg 0926092326 4 Opio Moro Jimmy jimmy.opiyo@healthlinksouthsud HLSS Health an 0921636206 8 Nicholas Kweri ONOAID Health [email protected] 0925700325 9 Ladu Simon Luka ONOAID WASH [email protected] 0922798254 10 Modi Elly Losokale ONOAID WASH [email protected] 0926744131 11 Stella Mindraa AYA Protection [email protected] 0925156109 12 Chandiah Margaret MaCDA GBV [email protected] 925767209 13 Baraka Victor AYA CP 0922409944 14 Abocha Geoffrey HLSS Nutrition [email protected] 0921662063 Omara rg 15 Kenyi Anyanzo Patrick DMI FLS 0920236286 16 Markoni Ladu DMI FSL 0928637555 Rujanco Baboya Godfrey ART Nutrition [email protected] 0921708745

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