Bagger Vance on Coaching Swimmers
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SWIMMING IN AUSTRALIA – November-December 2004 CONTENTS Energy & its use during Exercise (Dr. John Masters Swimming ........................................90 Troup)................................................................1 The Importance of Resistance Training for the Classification of Swimming Training Sessions by Aging Competitive Swimmer (Peter Reaburn) ......... 90 Blood Lactate & Heart Rate Responses (David FINA Aquatics World......................................92 Pyne & Richard Telford) .....................................4 A SUCCESSFUL IDEA – FINA World Good news is NO news ......................................7 Championships (25m) 1993-2002 (Camillo Cametti)92 News…News…News.............................................. 95 The ‘Magic’ Sub-49-second Club .......................9 Open Water – Stoychev & Maurer already winners 97 Keep an EVEN mental outlook (Matt Biondi) ....10 PhilatFINA & Olympism (Manfred Bergman).......... 97 Dispelling the Myths (Michelle Rowe) ...............12 FINA Calendar...................................................... 98 Crocs in the NT – They come and go (Mark Fédération Internationale de Natation................... 98 Davies) ............................................................17 ASCTA, PO Box 824, Swimming in the USSR (Forbes Carlile)............18 Mailing Address Lavington NSW 2641 A Program designed to produce Swimming Email [email protected] Excellence – What does it look like? (Dennis Web Site www.ascta.com Pursley) ...........................................................21 Phone: 02 6041 6077 Membership Enquiries Backstroke: Surface-to-Air Missile (Glen Mills).23 Fax: 02 6041 4282 The use of Goal Sets & Cruise Interval Sets (Dr. ASCTA Insurance Brokers 1300 300 511 James Counsilman) .........................................24 SWIMMING in AUSTRALIA is published six times annually. Parents behaving badly (Stephanie Smith)........32 Copy Deadline Australian Swim Camp, Nudgee (Mary Folland)32 January-February 15th January March-April 15th March Toowoomba Swim Camp Report (Ken Malcolm) 33 May-June 15th May Letters to the Editor ........................................34 July-August 15th July Paralympic Swimming – Athens 2004 (David September-October 15th September th Mason) ............................................................34 November-December 15 November Oxygen Intake for Butterflyers – Breathing Advertising Rates (inc. GST) Room (Michael J. Stott).....................................39 1 Issue The Psychology of Training Sets & Workouts $ (Wayne Goldsmith)...........................................45 Full Page 600 Completing the Puzzle (Kevin Milak).................49 ¾ Page 500 ½ Page 300 Learn-to-Swim ...............................................52 ¼ Page 200 Learn to Swim the Swimplicity Way...................... 52 Banner 4cm x 1 col 55 Hug—Don’t Hit..................................................... 53 Safety at School ................................................... 54 NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS Personal Safety .................................................... 56 All copy is subject to acceptance by the publisher. All Stepping out of the Learn-to-Swim Pool & into the advertisers must ensure that their advertisements comply Deep End! (Wayne Goldsmith & Helen Morris) ....... 58 strictly with the requirements of all Federal Legislation. The Mastering Backstroke Video Review (Peter publisher reserves the right to reject copy without giving Ruddock) .........................................................61 any reason or explanation. WSCA Newsletter ...........................................62 Bagger Vance on Coaching Swimmers (Bill McKeon)62 COPYRIGHT ISSUE FROM THE PUBLISHER The Relationship between Activation Levels & As more and more articles with invaluable technical and Performance in Competitive Swimming (Dr. Don research data have and will be published through our Greene) ................................................................ 63 Magazine for our Members to read and use, it is timely to Who wants to be a Coach? (Dennis Craddock)....... 69 mention Copyright infringements. The Lactate-Heart Rate Profile Test for Swimmers The ASCTA Magazine (SWIMMING in AUSTRALIA) (Genadijus Sokolovas & Charlene Boudreau) ......... 71 Publisher strongly advises all concerned that any attempts Qualities of Character .......................................... 74 to reprint articles or excerpts from contents is prohibited A Swim Coach at a Wood Finishing Class (Guy without the written permission of the publisher and author. Edson) ................................................................. 76 Any infringements of copyright will be dealt with accordingly. Coach-Parent Relationship (John Leonard – 1984) 76 Views expressed in articles are those of the authors Unorthodox Training (Tito Morales) ..................82 and do not necessarily reflect those of the Editor or the Benefits of Balanced Training (Josh Jeffrey).....85 Board of ASCTA. Windmill Revolution (Bill Volckening) ...............86 SWIMMING IN AUSTRALIA – November-December 2004 EENNEERRGGYY AANNDD IITTSS UUSSEE used to remake the ATP. DURING EXERCISE A simplified schematic of this process is DURING EXERCISE shown below. By Dr. John Troup, U.S. Swimming This article appeared in Australian Swim Coach News, March 1987 THE ENERGY MOLECULE OF THE BODY All organisms require energy to do biological work. For the human, this work includes the transport of materials across cell membranes, the conduction of nerve impulse and the contraction of skeletal and heart muscle. The A BRIEF DIVERSION energy is obtained from the breakdown of a high energy chemical compound called We use the term energy to describe our adenosine triphosphate (abbreviated ATP) feelings, “I don’t have much energy today”, and located in all the body’s cells. “Triphosphate” to relate our metabolic needs during exercise or refers to the fact that this molecule has three (3) other activities to the actual ATP requirement of phosphates (P) attached to it. When it breaks the task “I need quick energy before the race.” down, one of the phosphates is split off, releasing energy which can be used by the In all cases, the term energy is used rather cell… loosely and can mean anything from the ATP requirement to the amount of food energy (1) ATP ADP + P + “useful energy” consumed. How can we best use these terms? The problem is that very limited amounts of THE CALORIE ATP are available in the muscle cell, probably only enough to sustain muscle contractions for The term “Calorie” is used to describe both about three seconds. ATP is the universal the energy associated with food intake and that energy molecule; it must be present if work is to associated with food breakdown and ATP be done. production. What follows is a brief, schematic illustration of how Calorie is defined and used The problem of the cell is to reform ATP from in conjunction with food consumption and its component parts, ADP and P. Basically, this metabolism in the body, especially during process is a reverse of the chemical reaction exercise. listed as equation (1) above. BASIC CONCEPT #1 (2) ADP + P + “energy” ATP All matter in the universe whether it be Notice that the process of ATP formation and water, wood, a protein or muscle is made up of breakdown is cyclic… various combinations of atoms – in the case of water (H2O), two hydrogens and an oxygen link together; the other are much more complex, involving hundreds of thousands of linkages. Each of these attachments (bonds) requires some amount of energy (ATP use) to attach the component parts. Likewise, if the bond is broken, some energy can be given off. Thus, inherent in the STRUCTURE of the molecule Notice also that it TAKES ENERGY to link (the bonds), there is some energy stored. the ADP and P to make ATP. Some substances have much more energy The energy needed to reform ATP comes stored in them than others. For the foods we from that stored in the energy yielding foods commonly eat, carbohydrates, fats and proteins from the diet – carbohydrate, fat and protein. are rich in stored energy. These foods or nutrients are broken down in stepwise chemical reactions within the cell, at certain points giving off energy which can be 1 SWIMMING IN AUSTRALIA – November-December 2004 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF THE UNIVERSE #1 Matter or energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be inter-converted from one form to another. Applied to energy systems studied in the laboratory or metabolism in the body, this means that the energy found in the foods we eat can be stored or converted to other forms, but theoretically one must account for In this case, the energy available from the the total. nutrients (either delivered by the blood or those stored in the cell) is released by combustive The description of food energy is fairly processes in the cell (metabolism) to give off simple. waste products like carbon dioxide (CO2) and heat. The difference is that some of the original energy in the nutrient is recovered in the structure of ATP. The process of metabolism is relatively inefficient about 70% of the energy originally present in the carbohydrate, fat of protein is lost as heat. This is why your body temperature is about 98°F – you are constantly metabolising foods to provide ATP to run the body’s energy requiring processes. The heat lost keeps the internal environment warm. BASIC CONCEPT #2 As energy (ATP) requirements increase Calorie = heat needed to raise the because of exercise, so too do all the processes temperature