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The Condensed Tannins of Okoume (Aucoumea Klaineana Pierre)
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The condensed tannins of Okoume (Aucoumea klaineana Pierre): A molecular structure and thermal stability study Starlin Péguy Engozogho Anris 1,2*, Arsène Bikoro Bi Athomo1,2, Rodrigue Safou Tchiama2,3, Francisco José Santiago-Medina4, Thomas Cabaret1, Antonio Pizzi4 & Bertrand Charrier1 In order to promote convenient strategies for the valorization of Aucoumea klaineana Pierre (Okoume) plywood and sawmill wastes industry in the felds of adhesives and composites, the total phenolic content of Okoume bark, sapwood and heartwood was measured. The molecular structure of tannins extracted from the bark was determined by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight (Maldi-ToF) mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The total phenolic content displayed signifcant diference (p = 0.001) between the bark, sapwood and heartwood which decreased as follows: 6 ± 0.4, 2 ± 0.8 and 0.7 ± 0.1% respectively. The pro-anthocyanidins content was also signifcantly diferent (p = 0.01) among the three wood wastes, and the bark was the richest in condensed tannins (4.2 ± 0.4%) compared to the sapwood (0.5 ± 0.1%) and heartwood (0.2 ± 0.2%). Liquid chromatography coupled mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) and Maldi-ToF analysis of the bark showed for the frst time that Okoume condensed tannins are fsetinidin, gallocatechin and trihydroxyfavan based monomers and complex polymers obtained with glycosylated units. No free catechin or robitinidin units were detected, whereas distinctive dihydroxy or trihydroxyfavan-3-benzoate dimers were observed in the investigated condensed tannin extracts. FTIR analysis showed the occurrence of glucan- and mannan-like sugars in the condensed tannins, and Maldi-ToF highlighted that these sugars should account for ten glycosylated units chemically bonded with two fsetinidins and one gallocatechin trimer. -
A Combined Experimental and Computational Study of Chrysanthemin As a Pigment for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
molecules Article A Combined Experimental and Computational Study of Chrysanthemin as a Pigment for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Atoumane Ndiaye 1,2 , Alle Dioum 1, Corneliu I. Oprea 2 , Anca Dumbrava 3,* , Jeanina Lungu 2, Adrian Georgescu 2, Florin Moscalu 2, Mihai A. Gîr¸tu 2,* , Aboubaker Chedikh Beye 1 and Issakha Youm 1,* 1 Department of Physics, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal; [email protected] (A.N.); [email protected] (A.D.); [email protected] (A.C.B.) 2 Department of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania; [email protected] (C.I.O.); [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (A.G.); fl[email protected] (F.M.) 3 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.D.); [email protected] (M.A.G.); [email protected] (I.Y.) Abstract: The theoretical study of chrysanthemin (cyanidin 3-glucoside) as a pigment for TiO2-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was performed with the GAUSSSIAN 09 simulation. The electronic spectra of neutral and anionic chrysanthemin molecules were calculated by density functional theory with B3LYP functional and DGDZVP basis set. A better energy level alignment was found for partially deprotonated molecules of chrysanthemin, with the excited photoelectron having enough energy in order to be transferred to the conduction band of TiO2 semiconductor in DSSCs. In addition, we used the raw aqueous extracts of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces as the source of chrysanthemin Citation: Ndiaye, A.; Dioum, A.; and the extracts with various pH values were tested in DSSCs. -
Chemistry and Pharmacology of Kinkéliba (Combretum
CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF KINKÉLIBA (COMBRETUM MICRANTHUM), A WEST AFRICAN MEDICINAL PLANT By CARA RENAE WELCH A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry written under the direction of Dr. James E. Simon and approved by ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey January, 2010 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Chemistry and Pharmacology of Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum), a West African Medicinal Plant by CARA RENAE WELCH Dissertation Director: James E. Simon Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum, Fam. Combretaceae) is an undomesticated shrub species of western Africa and is one of the most popular traditional bush teas of Senegal. The herbal beverage is traditionally used for weight loss, digestion, as a diuretic and mild antibiotic, and to relieve pain. The fresh leaves are used to treat malarial fever. Leaf extracts, the most biologically active plant tissue relative to stem, bark and roots, were screened for antioxidant capacity, measuring the removal of a radical by UV/VIS spectrophotometry, anti-inflammatory activity, measuring inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and glucose-lowering activity, measuring phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA expression in an H4IIE rat hepatoma cell line. Radical oxygen scavenging activity, or antioxidant capacity, was utilized for initially directing the fractionation; highlighted subfractions and isolated compounds were subsequently tested for anti-inflammatory and glucose-lowering activities. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of the crude leaf extract were fractionated leading to the isolation and identification of a number of polyphenolic ii compounds. -
Anticancer Effects of NSC‑631570 (Ukrain) in Head and Neck Cancer Cells: in Vitro Analysis of Growth, Invasion, Angiogenesis and Gene Expression
282 ONCOLOGY REPORTS 43: 282-295, 2020 Anticancer effects of NSC‑631570 (Ukrain) in head and neck cancer cells: In vitro analysis of growth, invasion, angiogenesis and gene expression RUTH HERRMANN1, JOSEPH SKAF2, JEANETTE ROLLER1, CHRISTINE POLEDNIK1, ULRIKE HOLZGRABE2 and MARIANNE SCHMIDT1 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg; 2Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany Received September 17, 2018; Accepted September 30, 2019 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7416 Abstract. NSC-631570 (Ukrain) is an aqueous extract of laminin). Microarray analysis revealed the downregulation of Chelidonium majus, a herbaceous perennial plant, one of two genes encoding key regulators, including EGFR, AKT2, JAK1, species in the genus Chelidonium, which has been demonstrated STAT3 and ß-catenin (CTNNB1), all of which are involved in to selectively kill tumor cells without affecting non-malignant cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis as well as cells. In the present study, the components of NSC-631570 the radiation- and chemo-resistance of HNSCC. The strongest were examined by combined liquid chromatography/mass upregulation occurred for cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) spectroscopy (LC-MS) and the effects of NSC-631570 on and 1B1 (CYP1B1), involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. HNSCC cell lines, as well as primary cells, were analyzed Upregulation of CYP1A1 was at least partially caused by chel- with respect to growth, apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis erythrine and allocryptopine, as shown by RT-qPCR in two and gene expression. LC-MS identified chelerythrine and HNSCC cell lines. In addition, NSC-631570 showed a high allocryptopine as the major alkaloids of the extract. -
Supplementary Materials Evodiamine Inhibits Both Stem Cell and Non-Stem
Supplementary materials Evodiamine inhibits both stem cell and non-stem-cell populations in human cancer cells by targeting heat shock protein 70 Seung Yeob Hyun, Huong Thuy Le, Hye-Young Min, Honglan Pei, Yijae Lim, Injae Song, Yen T. K. Nguyen, Suckchang Hong, Byung Woo Han, Ho-Young Lee - 1 - Table S1. Short tandem repeat (STR) DNA profiles for human cancer cell lines used in this study. MDA-MB-231 Marker H1299 H460 A549 HCT116 (MDA231) Amelogenin XX XY XY XX XX D8S1179 10, 13 12 13, 14 10, 14, 15 13 D21S11 32.2 30 29 29, 30 30, 33.2 D7S820 10 9, 12 8, 11 11, 12 8 CSF1PO 12 11, 12 10, 12 7, 10 12, 13 D3S1358 17 15, 18 16 12, 16, 17 16 TH01 6, 9.3 9.3 8, 9.3 8, 9 7, 9.3 D13S317 12 13 11 10, 12 13 D16S539 12, 13 9 11, 12 11, 13 12 D2S1338 23, 24 17, 25 24 16 21 D19S433 14 14 13 11, 12 11, 14 vWA 16, 18 17 14 17, 22 15 TPOX 8 8 8, 11 8, 9 8, 9 D18S51 16 13, 15 14, 17 15, 17 11, 16 D5S818 11 9, 10 11 10, 11 12 FGA 20 21, 23 23 18, 23 22, 23 - 2 - Table S2. Antibodies used in this study. Catalogue Target Vendor Clone Dilution ratio Application1) Number 1:1000 (WB) ADI-SPA- 1:50 (IHC) HSP70 Enzo C92F3A-5 WB, IHC, IF, IP 810-F 1:50 (IF) 1 :1000 (IP) ADI-SPA- HSP90 Enzo 9D2 1:1000 WB 840-F 1:1000 (WB) Oct4 Abcam ab19857 WB, IF 1:100 (IF) Nanog Cell Signaling 4903S D73G4 1:1000 WB Sox2 Abcam ab97959 1:1000 WB ADI-SRA- Hop Enzo DS14F5 1:1000 WB 1500-F HIF-1α BD 610958 54/HIF-1α 1:1000 WB pAkt (S473) Cell Signaling 4060S D9E 1:1000 WB Akt Cell Signaling 9272S 1:1000 WB pMEK Cell Signaling 9121S 1:1000 WB (S217/221) MEK Cell Signaling 9122S 1:1000 -
St. John's Wort 2018
ONLINE SERIES MONOGRAPHS The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products Hyperici herba St. John's Wort 2018 www.escop.com The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products HYPERICI HERBA St. John's Wort 2018 ESCOP Monographs were first published in loose-leaf form progressively from 1996 to 1999 as Fascicules 1-6, each of 10 monographs © ESCOP 1996, 1997, 1999 Second Edition, completely revised and expanded © ESCOP 2003 Second Edition, Supplement 2009 © ESCOP 2009 ONLINE SERIES ISBN 978-1-901964-61-5 Hyperici herba - St. John's Wort © ESCOP 2018 Published by the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP) Notaries House, Chapel Street, Exeter EX1 1EZ, United Kingdom www.escop.com All rights reserved Except for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review no part of this text may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the written permission of the publisher. Important Note: Medical knowledge is ever-changing. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment may be required. In their efforts to provide information on the efficacy and safety of herbal drugs and herbal preparations, presented as a substantial overview together with summaries of relevant data, the authors of the material herein have consulted comprehensive sources believed to be reliable. However, in view of the possibility of human error by the authors or publisher of the work herein, or changes in medical knowledge, neither the authors nor the publisher, nor any other party involved in the preparation of this work, warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for results obtained by the use of such information. -
Syntheses and Biological Activity of Sparsomycin and Analogs
SYNTHESES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SPARSOMYCIN AND ANALOGS THE CHEMISTRY OF CHIRAL FUNCTIONALIZED SULFOXIDES AND SULTINES DERIVED FROM CYSTEINE ROB M.J. LISKAMP SYNTHESES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SPARSOMYCIN AND ANALOGS THE CHEMISTRY OF CHIRAL FUNCTIONALIZED SULFOXIDES AND SULTINES DERIVED FROM CYSTEINE Promotor : Prof. Dr. R.J.F. Nivard Co-referent : Dr. H.C.J. Ottenheijm SYNTHESES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SPARSOMYCIN AND ANALOGS THE CHEMISTRY OF CHIRAL FUNCTIONALIZED SULFOXIDES AND SULTINES DERIVED FROM CYSTEINE PROEFSCHRIFT TER VERKRIJGING VAN DE GRAAD VAN DOCTOR IN DE WISKUNDE EN NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN AAN DE KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT VAN NIJMEGEN OP GEZAG VAN DE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS PROF. DR. J.H.G.I. GIESBERS VOLGENS HET BESLUIT VAN HET COLLEGE VAN DEKANEN IN HET OPENBAAR TE VERDEDIGEN OP VRIJDAG 10 DECEMBER 1982 DES NAMIDDAGS OM 4 UUR DOOR ROBERTUS MATTHIAS JOSEPH LISKAMP GEBOREN TE NIJMEGEN NIJMEGEN 1982 Dit proefschrift vormt de neerslag van vier jaar wetenschappelijk onderzoek. Ik wil iedereen - en dat waren er zeer velen - bedanken, die hieraan gedurende die tijd door hun stimulerende discussie of door de feitelijke uitvoering deel hadden. Zij gaven mede richting en vorm, niet alleen organisch maar ook biochemisch/biologisch en fysisch chemisch, aan het verrichte onderzoek. Daarnaast wil ik hen bedanken die een bijdrage geleverd hebben aan de onmis bare technische uitvoering van het in dit proefschrift beschreven onderzoek. En tenslotte wil ik ook hen bedanken die aan de vormgeving van het proef schrift hun medewerking hebben verleend. Tekeningen : Wim van Luijn en de afdeling illustratie Type-werk : Dorine Hesselink-Balvert Afbeelding op de omslag: Een 'stacked plot' van een 2D-spin-echo correlated spectrum van synthetisch sparsomycine verzorgd door Wim Guijt This research was supported by the Netherlands Foundation for Chemical Research (SON) with financial aid from the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (ZWO). -
A Biosystematic Study of Allium Amplectens Torr
University of the Pacific Scholarly Commons University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 1974 A biosystematic study of Allium amplectens Torr Vickie Lynn Cain University of the Pacific Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds Part of the Life Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Cain, Vickie Lynn. (1974). A biosystematic study of Allium amplectens Torr. University of the Pacific, Thesis. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/1850 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A BIOSYSTEMI\'l'IC STUDY OF AlHum amplectens Torr. A 'lliesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences University of the Pacific In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirewents for the.Degree Master of Science in Biological Sciences by Vickie Lynn Cain August 1974 This thesis, written and submitted by is approved for recommendation to the Committee on Graduate Studies, University of the Pacific. Department Chairman or Dean: Chairman I; /') Date d c.~ cA; lfli ACKUOlvl.EDGSIV!EN'TS 'l'he author_ wishes to tha.'l.k Dr. B. Tdhelton a.YJ.d Dr. P. Gross for their• inva~i uoble advise and donations of time. l\'Iy appreciation to Dr. McNeal> my advisor. Expert assistance in the library vJEts pro:- vlded by Pr·, i:':I. SshaJit. To Vij c.y KJ12nna and Dolores No::..a.n rny ap-- preciatlon for rwraJ. -
Argemone Mexicana
Argemone mexicana General description Scientific Name with Author Argemone mexicana L. Synonyms Argemone leiocarpa Greene; Argemone ochroleuca Sweet; Echtrus trivialis Lour.; Echtrus mexicanus (L.) Nieuwl.; Argemone vulgaris Spach; Argemone versicolor Salisb.; Argemone spinosa Moench; Argemone sexvalis Stokes; Argemone mucronata Dum. Cours. ex Steud.; Argemone mexicana var. typica Prain; Argemone mexicana var. parviflora Kuntze; Argemone mexicana var. ochroleuca (Sweet) Lindl.; Argemone mexicana var. lutea Kuntze; Argemone mexicana fo. leiocarpa (Greene) G.B. Ownbey (Pires, 2009). Family Papaveraceae Vernacular Names Mexican poppy, prickly poppy, yellow thistle, Mexican thistle (En). Argémone, pavot épineux, pavot du Mexique, tache de l’œil, chardon du pays (Fr) (Bosch, 2008) Botanical Description Argemone mexicana is an annual herb, growing up to 150 cm with a slightly branched tap root. Its stem is branched and usually extremely prickly. It exudes a yellow juice when cut. It has showy yellow flowers. Leaves are thistle-like and alternate, without leaf stalks (petioles), toothed (serrate) and the margins are spiny. The grey-white veins stand out against the bluish-green upper leaf surface. The stem is oblong in cross-section. Flowers are at the tips of the branches (are terminal) and solitary, yellow and of 2.5-5 cm diameter. Fruit is a prickly oblong or egg-shaped (ovoid) capsule. Seeds are very numerous, nearly spherical, covered in a fine network of veins, brownish black and about 1 m m in diameter (Nacoulma, 1996; Bosch, 2008). 1 MEAMP – Appear Project – 75 September 2012 – August 2014 Photo LABIOCA 1. Argemone mexicana Origin and Distribution Argemone mexicana is native in Mexico and the West Indies, but has become pantropical after accidental introduction or introduction as an ornamental. -
Note: the Letters 'F' and 'T' Following the Locators Refers to Figures and Tables
Index Note: The letters ‘f’ and ‘t’ following the locators refers to figures and tables cited in the text. A Acyl-lipid desaturas, 455 AA, see Arachidonic acid (AA) Adenophostin A, 71, 72t aa, see Amino acid (aa) Adenosine 5-diphosphoribose, 65, 789 AACOCF3, see Arachidonyl trifluoromethyl Adlea, 651 ketone (AACOCF3) ADP, 4t, 10, 155, 597, 598f, 599, 602, 669, α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin, 711t, 814–815, 890 553 ADPKD, see Autosomal dominant polycystic aa 723–928 fragment, 19 kidney disease (ADPKD) aa 839–873 fragment, 17, 19 ADPKD-causing mutations Aβ, see Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) PKD1 ABC protein, see ATP-binding cassette protein L4224P, 17 (ABC transporter) R4227X, 17 Abeele, F. V., 715 TRPP2 Abbott Laboratories, 645 E837X, 17 ACA, see N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic R742X, 17 acid (ACA) R807X, 17 Acetaldehyde, 68t, 69 R872X, 17 Acetic acid-induced nociceptive response, ADPR, see ADP-ribose (ADPR) 50 ADP-ribose (ADPR), 99, 112–113, 113f, Acetylcholine-secreting sympathetic neuron, 380–382, 464, 534–536, 535f, 179 537f, 538, 711t, 712–713, Acetylsalicylic acid, 49t, 55 717, 770, 784, 789, 816–820, Acrolein, 67t, 69, 867, 971–972 885 Acrosome reaction, 125, 130, 301, 325, β-Adrenergic agonists, 740 578, 881–882, 885, 888–889, α2 Adrenoreceptor, 49t, 55, 188 891–895 Adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), Actinopterigy, 223 1023 Activation gate, 485–486 Aframomum daniellii (aframodial), 46t, 52 Leu681, amino acid residue, 485–486 Aframomum melegueta (Melegueta pepper), Tyr671, ion pathway, 486 45t, 51, 70 Acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic Agelenopsis aperta (American funnel web syndrome (AML/MDS), 949 spider), 48t, 54 Acylated phloroglucinol hyperforin, 71 Agonist-dependent vasorelaxation, 378 Acylation, 96 Ahern, G. -
Antioxidant Evaluation-Guided Chemical Profiling and Structure
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Antioxidant evaluation-guided chemical profling and structure- activity analysis of leaf extracts from fve trees in Broussonetia and Morus (Moraceae) Xinxin Cao1, Lingguang Yang1, Qiang Xue1, Fan Yao1, Jing Sun1, Fuyu Yang2 & Yujun Liu 1* Morus and Broussonetia trees are widely used as food and/or feed. Among 23 phenolics identifed from leaves of fve Moraceae species using UPLC–QTOF–MS/MS, 15 were screened using DPPH/ABTS- guided HPLCs, including seven weak (favonoids with one hydroxyl on B-ring) and eight strong (four cafeoylquinic acids and four favonoids, each with a double hydroxyl on B-ring) antioxidants. We then determined the activity and synergistic efects of individual antioxidants and a mixture of the eight strongest antioxidants using DPPH-guided HPLC. Our fndings revealed that (1) favonoid glucuronide may have a more negative efect on antioxidant activity than glucoside, and (2) other compounds in the mixture may exert a negative synergistic efect on antioxidant activity of the four favonoids with B-ring double hydroxyls but not the four cafeoylquinic acids. In conclusion, the eight phenolics with the strongest antioxidant ability reliably represented the bioactivity of the fve extracts examined in this study. Moreover, the Morus alba hybrid had more phenolic biosynthesis machinery than its cross-parent M. alba, whereas the Broussonetia papyrifera hybrid had signifcantly less phenolic machinery than B. papyrifera. This diference is probably the main reason for livestock preference for the hybrid of B. papyrifera over B. papyrifera in feed. Morus and Broussonetia tree species (family: Moraceae) have high economic value; among other uses, their leaves are widely used as feed to improve meat quality. -
Phytochem Referenzsubstanzen
High pure reference substances Phytochem Hochreine Standardsubstanzen for research and quality für Forschung und management Referenzsubstanzen Qualitätssicherung Nummer Name Synonym CAS FW Formel Literatur 01.286. ABIETIC ACID Sylvic acid [514-10-3] 302.46 C20H30O2 01.030. L-ABRINE N-a-Methyl-L-tryptophan [526-31-8] 218.26 C12H14N2O2 Merck Index 11,5 01.031. (+)-ABSCISIC ACID [21293-29-8] 264.33 C15H20O4 Merck Index 11,6 01.032. (+/-)-ABSCISIC ACID ABA; Dormin [14375-45-2] 264.33 C15H20O4 Merck Index 11,6 01.002. ABSINTHIN Absinthiin, Absynthin [1362-42-1] 496,64 C30H40O6 Merck Index 12,8 01.033. ACACETIN 5,7-Dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone; Linarigenin [480-44-4] 284.28 C16H12O5 Merck Index 11,9 01.287. ACACETIN Apigenin-4´methylester [480-44-4] 284.28 C16H12O5 01.034. ACACETIN-7-NEOHESPERIDOSIDE Fortunellin [20633-93-6] 610.60 C28H32O14 01.035. ACACETIN-7-RUTINOSIDE Linarin [480-36-4] 592.57 C28H32O14 Merck Index 11,5376 01.036. 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-1,3,4,6-TETRA-O- a-D-Glucosamine pentaacetate 389.37 C16H23NO10 ACETYL-a-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE 01.037. 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-1,3,4,6-TETRA-O- b-D-Glucosamine pentaacetate [7772-79-4] 389.37 C16H23NO10 ACETYL-b-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE> 01.038. 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL- Acetochloro-a-D-glucosamine [3068-34-6] 365.77 C14H20ClNO8 a-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYLCHLORIDE - 1 - High pure reference substances Phytochem Hochreine Standardsubstanzen for research and quality für Forschung und management Referenzsubstanzen Qualitätssicherung Nummer Name Synonym CAS FW Formel Literatur 01.039.