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Disputed Area Mansehra Kohistan Diamir Bagh

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7330’0"E 7340’0"E 7350’0"E 740’0"E 7410’0"E 7420’0"E 7430’0"E 7440’0"E hitral Ghizer Ghizer " GHAMOT Gilgit Baltista Baltis " Bela " Ghizer " Diamir BAGANHANBAGNWAN Kohistan " " DOMEL PAIN MALI SAMGAM DIAMIR " SAMGAM" SAMGAM " " NEELUM SURGAN " DOKRAN VILLAGE DUKRAN KEL Shangla Neelum " Batagram " MALKAL KEL DOMEL KEL Mansehra " BAK WALI SURGAN " " Buner SURGAN SURGAN SARI (! " BAGNOVAN KEL BATAGRAM BAKWALI Muzaffarabad " LASYAN SURGAN " Swabi Disputed Area Abbottabad DOGIAN KEL KALALOT KEL Haripur "" Bagh " MALALOT KEL 50’0"N VILLAGE KALALOT 50’0"N "VILLAGE KEL SNI KUCHHA ARANG KEL 34 " VILLAGE NIKKEL 34 " " KEL SERI " " " "(!KEL Poonch " KENARI KEL" " KUNDIAN KHAKIAN KEL " Rawalpindi Attock Islamabad Sudhnoti " " " PULDHERI MAYTA WALI SERI SHEIKH BELA Rawalpindi Kotli " " VILLAGE ARANG KELARANG KEL " " Chajoharamanka THANDA PANI PHOLAWAI "" DANNA PHULAWAI " JANDER SERI JANDER SERI " " VILLAGE HAJIYAN " SERI PHOLAWAI SHARDA JANWAI GURAZE KHARIGAM " (! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! " ( ! ! PHOLWAI ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! " ! CHAK NAR ! ! ! BORI NAR " ! " " ! KARIGANI ! ! ! KISHAN GHATI ! " ! DAKKI! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! " ! " ! ! CHAKNOT ! ! ! ! VILLAGE DOGA DHAKI ! ! " MARNAT BALA ! ! " ! ! PATTA PANI ! " ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! MARNAT PAIN ! MARNAT PAIN ! MAIDAN SHARDA ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KALAS KHAWAJA SERI ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! MALIK SERI ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KHAWAJA SERI ! ! ! " ! ! SARDARI ! " ! " " ! ! SONAR SARDARI ! SONAR ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! HANTHI ! ! ! " ! " ! ! VILLAGE DOSUT ! HALMAT SERI BALA DAWARIAN ! ! ! (! MANSEHRA ! " " ! DOSOT SERI ! HALMAT ! ! ! " ! " ! " ! "Sari Paeen Dawarian SALIKABAD " " MANDKERO ! NEKRU " ! ! MONDKERO MONDKERO " ! ! SARI " ! " ! DANTIL ! ! ! Athmuqam ( ! "GOREZE ! BENTAL ! " ( ! ! SALIKAABAD SALAKABAD ! " ! DAWARIAN ! GUREZE ! TAW BAT BALA " " " " !! " "DAWARIAN BALA JEKHRALY ! TAW BAT PAIN LARIDAWARIAN CHATWAN ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! " ! " " ! CHANGAN ! ! " " Ta jy a n ! DANNA PHOLAWAI KARIMABAD " ! ! " ! DAKHANKOT KENGU CHANGAN ! !! " ! ! ! ! ! " ! GHORI ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! SHEIKH BELA ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! CHANGAN ! ! BELA MUHAMMAD KHAN ! ! ! ! ! ! ! MEDAN LAWAT ! " " ! ! ! ! ! " ! BEKA MOHAMMAD KHAN ! ! ! ! ! ! " " ! " " ! DOGIAN LAWAT " MOHAMMADKHAN ! DUDNIAL "SUBAI " "GALI LAWAT RESHNA ! " " ANDER BELA DUDNIAL ! MANHAN LAWAT (!Lawat GALI !! " (! ! AOUR SAYEDAN ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! " ! KUNDIAN ! ! ! ! " ! JHAG BALA ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KUNDIAN ! " " ! " LAWAT PAIN" BORE BALA ! ! KARKA BOR ! ! " ! " " NABDAR CHHURY ! KALOOWALA DERA ! " !! " " GHORENAKA NABDAR " KANARY " Negdar THANDA PANI GOHRA NAKA (!NAGHAR ! ! ! ! 40’0"N " " 40’0"N !! " DABBO MISRA Neelum VILLAGE SHALO BUTL 34 34 ! ! " ! KESARIAN ! " ! KUNDAL SHAHI ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! DANGAR ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " JAGRAN " ! BATGRAN JAGRIAN DARYSAIR" ! (! KARASHI SEEGAM ! ! ! " ! CHANAN SERI ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! BUGNA ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! LALA ! " " ! ! BUGNA ! ! MATOO JAGRAN ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " " ! BUGNA BANCHHATAR ! ! ! ! " ! " ! ! LARINENGAL LARRI ! ! ! ! ! ! ATHMUQAM ! ! KANDOL Athmaqam ! KIAN SHARIP ! " ! ! ! ! !!! " ! (! ! ! ! " ! ! KYYAN BALA ! ! CHHATA ! ! " ! ! " ! ! ! TARAR ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! RAWATA ! " " ! KAYYAN SHARIP KATHA PIRA ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! " ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " KUTTAN GUTLI Khorrian " Shahkote ! " " ! " ! JAHMRA BAISERI " ! ! ! " ( DILDAY GHLAN Chandth SAL KHALA" ! " " ! DRUG " SALKHALA ! SHANGOSH BATA ! SHANGOSH ! ! ! " ! KUNDLE SHAIE ! ! " ! Gulli Khatar ! BAISERY " ! " " ! ! ! ! GALI KHAITAR ! " " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " Ghana " ISLAMPURA ! ! ! ! Mori Jabrian ISLAM PURA ! GHANA " ! ! ! " ! " DANNA BHERI Katti Mohri ! " ! " ! SERI ! " ! ! GHATIAN " ! ! Chreel ! " " (! Dulyar ! " TALGRAN (! " " CHEER SANDOQ ! GHAMMAT " DUBRIAL " GHUMAT ! RAJKOT DUBRIAL " " " ! MUZAFARABAD GORAKHA SOSAL ! DANNA MACHIYARAH " SENDAK ! (! " " " ! " " SANDOQ ! GORAKHA KHITAR ! RIALI ! ! ! RIALLI CHOKI " MACHIYARAH ! " ! ! CHAKRIANMachyara(! ! " ! ! " ! DANNA CHUKHARIAN ! SHABHHALA BATTANGI ! " " " ! " " " GHAIL BATTANGI GORAKHA " BUTT HAJI GAIL ! " " CHATHIAN " THAYAN 30’0"N KULTHIAN SAID PUR 30’0"N NALA KALAS " " " ! " JABA " NALA KALSE PUNJKOT MOHERY ! Said Pur west Said Pur " " " " SATRA KASHI RAH 34 " " " ! 34 KOLLY KOLLY " BANDI" ! " "SAID PUR SADKA BALA SARIYAN " " SARLI SACHA""Manha (! JARA ! BANDI MEERAM " ! GURIAN" " CHIMIYAN KHAITAR MINHA " BUT DRA " ! MUNGNAR PEHALIAN ! " ! DANOOD PANJGRAN " ! " " (! (! CHAKARIA BAGH" SERLI SUCHA ! JABRI JABIYAN " " SASRLI SUCHA " Larri Peralian ! " HARIYALA KALAS " ! TALGRAN " " " PANJNAND " ! GEENKARA PALTAHAR BANDI SYDAN PANJOOR ! " KOHRI NALA " " " ASHKOT " ! SAIDA BATTA " "" KASSI MUDKAN BASHASH SARLI SACHA " TAKIAN ! " " BANDI CHHEJWA ! " "SARI KARLA " " KUNDALA "Gran Kotli PANJOOR BANDI " BATTAL"BASHASH " " " " ! KALAS GALOTI " Dahtra KUNDALA " " " " " SARI KARLA PARRAK MADAR ZANDA PIR DRAIK BUN TRANGAR ! ! " BASHASH CHANJAL " Trahri Jheena PRANGRAN ! MUSLIM ABAD " SACHIAN PUGDAM " " " Palla FLAKIN !!! (! " " ""FLAKAN Koundy " " " " " " DOBA PERSACHA RATTARA KATHA LESWA BARIAN " " " " "" MINGRAN LESWA LESWA DOMEL NAKKA BANDI BATANGAN " ! ! ! Maira Mangran ! " ! MUSLIM ABAD KHANYAN " " CHOON " ! " MANDAL JHEENG" ! MINGRAN BALGRAN " ! " PARSACHA " " JHEENG ! Bachpai " " " (! GHGIMAR ASHRROG KOHORI SMOTH BUN KHUDOOR" (! " ! MIRPURA ! JHENGARI KARKA ARLLIAN MERRA "Jabir " DEARUN ! (! KAHORI " " Balgran ! ! ! ( " " JABBAR BARIAN! MIRPURA( KARKA ( ! Norsary " " TUTHAL DUMRULI" DUM RULLI NABA BALGRAN" "" SAIDPUR BROVA ! ! " "" " RANJATI GOHARRI (! JABRAL ( ! " " " ! ARLLIAN " " CHALPANI CHALPANI BATTANGI ARLIAN GRAN " ! Larri Punj Gran" " " ! MAJHOTER MAJHOTAR ! " ! BARIAN ! ! " Devellian KHAWARMONG " " BARIAN ! " " " BARIAN ! ! " " ! " CHALIAN CHAMMTA BANDI KHAOR MANG " TAHLIAN JARGI KAIL GRAN ! GAJOO KHOKHRAN MOHRI KARKA DHANI BOMBA " " ! MANGRAN GALI KHOKHRAN " DHANI BUMBA THORY CHOGHLI ! " "BASANT KOTE " CHARI TARBAN ! ! "BAKRIALI CHAMUTTA " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! HEER KUTLI " " " " BANDI SHAHDARA KAILGRAN " " ! Gajoo Turkan KANDAR" BASUNT KOTE JARGEE JARGEE! " ! GAJOO KHAWAJIAN " MASLOONDI " " PATI KALAS ! " " GAJOO SYDAN SEEMAREE " BAN CHOGALI ! KARNAH HARYLA " " ! BATMANG " ! BUT MONG Ghotter Gharbi CHILLIANN ! " KHUTTROARA " ! " " " " Chellah Patti " " " KOT KAIL GRAN ! MOREY GOTHER " CHUMBA Chamba Sharqi KANOOR " ! GOTHER ! " BUNI KANOOR GHALA KALGRAN " NAKA SHAKER PATTAIA ! ! THANGER MUZAFFARABAD " ! " " SUND BUN " PAHALYEN NOSADAH ! " " " CHATEE MOREE Sari Dara PATI JAGEER ! DURRUVIAN-NULLA (! KHOLIAN JAGEER ! " ! " ! " NOSADA " " DURRUIAN BARRI BUMCOAT " "" BARIAN! LOWER SHOWY Seari Darra Gur Tham ! Shoace" GRITNAR " " TAKIA SHERON GRAT NAR " ! DISPUTED AREA " "(! " " BARIAN RAYALEE! LAMIAN PATTIAN(! MAKOL TAHALA NAKRI Seri Dara BOOR ! " " " DOONG (! (! " ! " ! " " " " GABRI POODIMAR ! ! ! THORE ! Lower Chehlah " Kals Seri Dara ! " ! " ! " " HASAN GALLIAN SHAIRWAN PLATE ! " " " ! BANDI SAMAN "(! (!Upper Tariq Abad ! Byaran ! " " " DEMN JHOI "MERS KALSI BARAR KOT Ranjata ! "(! " " " Kote Saryan " " " ! (! NIA MOHALLA (! "(! " " DHERI BAGLA Dhaman Ghool" BATTLIAN GRAND GHALI BANDI PAKHRAT " " ! " " "But Nara NAMBAL " " (! " PAHTAKA CANTHALLAH " " " " " ! SARIAN " Jalmehada " " " BUTNARA " ALIKOH " SARIAN Shah Narra Nayaz Pura " NUMBAL ! " " " " MALDHI MAHDHI BADYAIN GALLI " DARA BATANGI " ! " Bela Noor Shah RAJVIEANI " HOTRARY " RACHMAR (! MUZAFFARABAD HOTARARI BALA ! LONDEE DARA ! " " " " " " ( " " (! " " ! " JALALABAD Bandi Challha DARIKAN NARAN MOHRA TAMME HOTRARY KAFAR DARA KANDOLY ! CHAROOTA " " CITY MZD " " " " NALOOCHI " " MUZAFFARABAD" ! " CHOTDARA " (! " ! " " CHAROTAGOJRA MUZAFARABAD BOTHA " " GHALI HOTARADI GARHALL (! TANDA BAIAN ! " " " ! " (! ! SHORRAN " " GHEN CHATTER " GARANGAN KUNGAR ! " " " " ! " " " " ! " RAJMANDI " " ! ! ! ! ! ! CHATTER DOMEL ! ! TIMBER ! ! ! ! ! ! ATTER CHALA DANA TIMBER " NARRIAN ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " " ! ! !" Chatter Domal " KALS " ! ! ( ! ! Battangi ! ! ALRA " " " JHAND GRAN PAIN Muzaffarabad " " ! ! ! ! ! CHETKARI ! ! CHANGALA " ! " ! ! ! LOWER CHATTER RAM PORA TATRRAN NARI SYDAN ! ! ! ! ! " " " ! ! ! ! " " ! ! ! ! " ! ! " ! ! ! KONDANH ! PATHREEND " PANJKOT ! ! ! ! ! CHETTER KARDLA " ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! " " MARA CLAN ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! " " " PANJKOT ! ! ! GOJRA MOOREE LANGAL DUBBUN (! SUPPURA! " ! ! 20’0"N HUSAN ABAD ! ! ! 20’0"N " RAWANI SARRIAN MAILI ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " ! " ! ! " " ! ! " "BEJIL DHAK GOJERA (! " " ! (! LUB GRAN ! ! 34 SUND GRAN " " " " " 34 " SHALA BAGH GUMLA BEJILDAR ! (! MANI BANDI MIRBANDI" GALI MOHRI " ! ! GOJRA DAHERI KANDAR Narinar GHASLAH ! ! ! LUNDI LANGERPURA BAJLA CHEQMAQAM ! " " " ! ! ! "AROO KHAITER " "" " " BUTLIAN ! " " KALAR KHAIT JABRA " " (! RAJPUTHI " CHETTER (! (! RAITALY " KHABLI BECHROOTAN NOKOT ! " BELI TARA Dakhen Punjkot BANNAMOLA ! MOHRI BAREEN SUBRI Dubbun ! " " KUPPA BUT " " ANTELLIAN" (! ! " " " MARA PUPRUSA " " ! GULARI Merapaphrossa Dukan Puddar " GHAIPURA ! ! ! ! ! ABHYAL ! ! CHOONI Subri Chachian " " " " CHETAR GAM " ! " ! " MOJI ! ! "GOTHA DHARKA DUBBUN CHATYAL ANTLAN TELAWARI ! " " MUZAFFARABAD " ! ! " "" Hariala Gujran " ! ! ! ! " " RUGAN BANDITAGYIAN " " SAIDPURA NOKOT ! ! ! "SARAR KUTLI Charwah " LANGPURA " " " Kappa Galli LEEPA ! AUTHSHALLAtshal " " " (! LANGERPURA KALS " ! " TUNDALI " GOJRAN CHATTER Dana Panwar (! ! KHAIWARA ! " " KHUTHA GUJARAIN ! " " " ! THALA" " Ren Kiati " " UPPER TUNDALI PERICK " ! " CHAPER DHAR " PUTHYALI LEEPA Kasar Kot " Chanian DOMESHEE " " " " ! " MEERJILI " (! NANDAL
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    LLB FIVE YEARS DEGREE PROGRAMME NOTES According to the Syllabus of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Muzaffarabad and Other Public, Private Sector Universities of Pakistan Prepared By Advocate Muhammad Adnan Masood Joja Sardar Javed Zahoor Khan (Advocate) CITI Law College Rawalakot 05824-442207, 444222, 0332-4573251, 051-4852737 Near CMH Rawalakot AJK Web:-www.clc.edu.pk Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 1 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 2 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 3 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 4 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 5 FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 6 Parts of Speech NOUNS A noun is the word that refers to a person, thing or abstract idea. A noun can tell you who or what. There are several different types of noun: - There are common nouns such as dog, car, chair etc. Nouns that refer to things which can be counted (can be singular or plural) are countable nouns. Nouns that refer to some groups of countable nouns, substances, feelings and types of activity (can only be singular) are uncountable nouns. Nouns that refer to a group of people or things are collective nouns. Nouns that refer to people, organizations or places are proper nouns, only proper nouns are capitalized.
  • MBBS / BDS ADMISSIONS Government Medical Colleges of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJ&K) and Reserved Seats for AJ&K Nationals in Pakistan, Session 2019-2020

    MBBS / BDS ADMISSIONS Government Medical Colleges of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJ&K) and Reserved Seats for AJ&K Nationals in Pakistan, Session 2019-2020

    University of Health Sciences Lahore MBBS / BDS ADMISSIONS Government Medical Colleges of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJ&K) and Reserved Seats for AJ&K Nationals in Pakistan, Session 2019-2020 Online applications are invited from eligible (First Class State Subject) candidates for admissions in First Year MBBS and BDS against reserved seats for AJ&K Nationals, Refugees 1947and Refugees 1989 (conditions apply), in the following Public Sector Medical/Dental Colleges of Pakistan (Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan & Sindh) and Public Sector Medical Colleges of AJ&K. Admissions will be made strictly on merit basis as per PM&DC Admission Regulations and Admission Policy of AJ&K Government in vogue: Medical/Dental Institutions of Pakistan Punjab (MBBS) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (MBBS) Allama Iqbal Medical University Lahore Ayub Medical College Abbottabad Fatima Jinnah Medical University Lahore Gomal Medical College D.I Khan King Edward Medical University Lahore Khyber Medical University Peshawar Nishtar Medical University Multan Saidu Sharif Medical College Swat Punjab Medical University Faisalabad Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (BDS) Quaid e Azam Medical College Bahawalpur Dental Unit Ayub Medical College Abbottabad Rawalpindi Medical University Rawalpindi Sindh (MBBS) Services Institute of Medical Sciences Lahore Chandka Medical College Larkana Sheikh Zayad Medical College Rahim Yar Khan Balochistan (MBBS) Punjab (BDS) Bolan Medical College Quetta de’Montmorency College of Dentistry Lahore Medical Institutions of AJ&K Azad Jammu Kashmir Medical College Muzaffarabad Mohtarma Be’Nazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College Mirpur Poonch Medical College Rawalakot 1. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA i) Qualifications: In accordance with “MBBS and BDS (Admissions, House Job and Internship) Regulations, 2018, as amended on 30th May, 2019” of Pakistan Medical and Dental Council, the required qualifications for admissions are as follows: The applicant has passed, obtaining minimum Seventy percent (770/1100) marks, in Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) or F.Sc.
  • 3Rd Quarter (Jul19

    3Rd Quarter (Jul19

    RMC LAHORE QUARTERLY BULLETIN Vol. 1, Issue.3, 2019 Preface The basic objective of this publication is to highlight the quarterly activities carried out at Regional Meteorological Centre (RMC) Lahore. RMC is part of Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) headed by the Director, responsible for administrative, financial and technical control of all units of PMD in Punjab and Azad Jammu & Kashmir region. The region is very important and vulnerable for all-natural disasters due to its geographical & geological features. The socio-economic activities in this region are heavily depended on meteorological parameters. All the meteorological parameters which are recorded at different units of PMD are then computerized at Regional Climate Data Processing Section at RMC after quality checks for the public, researchers, developers, economists, government and private agencies for the development, land reforms, agricultural sector, urban planning and all fields of life. In meteorology, the human skill development is very important for accurate weather parameter reporting. This can be achieved by developing a healthy, hygienic and up to date environment to all staff at all units which has been insured at all units. I acknowledge the efforts of all the officers & officials at respective stations and units for their contribution to maintain the observation up to the mark of World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standards. It is the result of this same spirit that our officials have come up with a new innovation in the techniques for the better data processing and handling. Hence, upgrading the system for a bright and better future of Pakistan in the field of meteorology. Muhammad Ajmal Shad Director RMC Lahore 042-99205591 Published in November, 2019 1 RMC LAHORE QUARTERLY BULLETIN Vol.
  • (Compositae-Inuleae) in Pakistan and Kashmir

    (Compositae-Inuleae) in Pakistan and Kashmir

    Genus Inula L. (s. str.) (Compositae-Inuleae) in Pakistan and Kashmir RUBINA ABID & MOHAMMAD QAISER ABSTRACT ABID, R. & M. QAISER (2002). Genus Inula L. (s. str.) (Compositae-Inuleae) in Pakistan and Kashmir. Candollea 56: 315-325. In English, English and French abstracts. A revision of the genus Inula L. ( s. str .) in Pakistan and Kashmir is presented; eleven species are recognized including Inula stewartii Abid & Qaiser as a species new to science. In addition, key to the related genera and species, distribution, ecological notes and an illustration of the new spe - cies, are also provided. RÉSUMÉ ABID, R. & M. QAISER (2002). Le genre Inula L. (s. str.) (Compositae-Inuleae) au Pakistan et au Cachemire. Candollea 56: 315-325. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. Une révision du genre Inula L. ( s. str. ) est présentée. Onze espèces sont reconnues dont Inula ste - wartii Abid & Qaiser, espèce nouvelle pour la science. Une clé de détermination des genres affines et des espèces reconnues est fournie, ainsi que la distribution, des commentaires écologiques et une illustration de la nouvelle espèce. KEY-WORDS: Inula – COMPOSITAE – Pakistan – Kashmir. Introduction The genus Inula L. ( s. str. ) belongs to the tribe Inuleae of the family Compositae including about 100 species, mainly distributed in Europe, Africa and Asia. The genus Inula was described by LINNAEUS with thirteen species (1753, 1754). The pro - tologue used by LINNAEUS was quite generalized as he did not give the weightage to the finer details of floral characters. Later on, this genus was treated by variuos workers from time to time (viz., CANDOLLE, 1836; BENTHAM & HOOKER, 1873; BOISSIER, 1875; CLARKE, 1876; HOOKER, 1881; BECK, 1882; HOFFMANN, 1890; GORSCHKOVA, 1959; KITAMURA, 1960; GRIERSON, 1975; BALL & TUTIN, 1976; RECHINGER, 1980; ANDERBERG, 1991; KUMAR, 1995).