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1571735 B901.Pdf UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG Department of Earth Sciences Geovetarcentrum/Earth Science Centre Catchment-basin characterization for a water-protection area in Norra Vi, Ydre municipality Amanda Hansson ISSN 1400-3821 B901 Bachelor of Science thesis Göteborg 2015 Mailing address Address Telephone Telefax Geovetarcentrum Geovetarcentrum Geovetarcentrum 031-786 19 56 031-786 19 86 Göteborg University S 405 30 Göteborg Guldhedsgatan 5A S-405 30 Göteborg SWEDEN Abstract Water is one of our most important natural resources, which is why it is essential to protect water bodies that are used or have the potential to be used as drinking water. According to the European Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC, article 6) all wells that supply more than 10m3 water per day or serve more than 50 people should have an established water protection area accompanied by regulations and restrictions. The water resource that supplies Norra Vis municipality with drinking water is located in a glaciofluvial deposit. The water body is in close proximity to lake Sommen, one of the larger lakes in Sweden. The well supplies both permanent and seasonal residents with drinking water and produces an average of 40m3 water per day. This water resource currently lacks a water protection area. The objective of this thesis is to formulate a proposition for a water protection area in Norra Vi based on the catchment-basin characterization and understanding of both the natural and anthropogenic factors that potentially impact on this water resource. The proposed water protection area includes sensitive parts of the groundwater formation, and is divided into three zones, a primary, secondary and tertiary zone. These zones are defined after how long time it takes for the groundwater water to reach the well. Threats to the quality of this water resource are listed along with suggested prevention measures, such as limitations regarding land use and activities within the catchment basin. The results from this thesis are meant to be a part of the application for a new water protection area, in which the county makes the final decision. As guidance for this thesis the handbook 2010:05 of the Swedish EPA has been used. The handbook gives general advices regarding procedures for establishment of water protection areas and these have later been adapted to the suit the prevailing conditions for the catchment basin. In accordance to the handbook data of water occurrence, value, vulnerability, consequence and risks for the water supply intake have been gathered and analysed. Keywords Water, Grundvatten, Water protection area, Norra Vi, Ydre municipality I Sammanfattning Vatten är en av våra viktigaste naturtillgångar, därför är det angeläget att skydda de vattentillgångar som används eller har möjlighet att användas som dricksvatten. Enligt EU:s ramdirektiv för vatten (2000/60/EG artikel 6 och 7) ska alla vattentäkter med ett uttag på minst 10 m3 vatten per dag eller tillhandahåller fler än 50 personer ha ett fastställt skyddsområde med tillhörande skyddsföreskrifter. Vattentäkten som försörjer Norra Vis kommun med dricksvatten är belägen i en isälvsavlagring. Grundvattenmagasinet ligger i nära anslutning till sjön Sommen, en av de större sjöarna i Sverige. Brunnen försörjer både fast boende och säsongsboende med vatten, och i snitt pumpas 40m3 vatten per dag. Vattentäkten saknar i dagsläget ett skyddsområde. Syftet med denna uppsatts är att utforma ett förslag på ett vattenskyddsområde för Norra Vi. Dräneringsområdet har blivit avgränsat både för yt- och grundvatten, och dess storlek och form utgör den preliminära avgränsningen för vattenskyddsområdet. Dräneringsområdet för grundvatten delades in i tre zoner, en primär, sekundär och tertiär zon. Zonerna är utformade efter vattnets rinntid, alltså tiden det tar för vattnet att nå brunnen. Aktiviteter och markanvändning vilka potentiellt kan skada vattenkvalitén är beskrivna i rapporten samt förslag på förebyggande åtgärder, så som begränsad markanvändning och vissa aktiviteter. Resultatet från rapporten kommer att användas som underlag då kommunen ansöker om nytt vattenskyddsområde. Ansökan kommer att lämnas in till länsstyrelsen, som fastställer skyddsområde och skyddsföreskrifter. Information och råd om hur adekvata vattenskyddsområden framarbetas har huvudsakligen hämtats ur Naturvårdsverkets handbok om vattenskyddsområde 2010:05. Data om vattenförekomster, värde, sårbarhet, konsekvenser och risker för grundvattnet har utvärderats. Nyckelord Vatten, Grundvatten, Vattenskyddsområde, Norra Vi, Ydre komun Preface This report is the result of an investigation for a possible water protection area for a groundwater reservoir in Norra Vi, Ydre municipality. The project was carried out in collaboration with HIFAB AB in Kalmar. II Table of content Abstract .............................................................................................................................. I Keywords ............................................................................................................................ I Sammanfattning ................................................................................................................. II Nyckelord ........................................................................................................................... II Preface ............................................................................................................................... II 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Aim ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Background ............................................................................................................................ 1 2. Description of study area ................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Geography and climate .......................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Local geology and hydrogeology ............................................................................................ 4 2.3 Groundwater use and supply ................................................................................................. 7 2.4 Surface water ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.5 Water quality ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.6 Land use ................................................................................................................................ 8 3. Risks ............................................................................................................................... 8 3.1 Potential pollution from point sources ................................................................................... 9 3.1.1 Energy wells ............................................................................................................................ 9 3.1.2 Local industries ....................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.3 Graveyard ............................................................................................................................. 10 3.1.4 Old landfills ........................................................................................................................... 11 3.1.5 Traffic accidents ................................................................................................................... 11 3.1.6 Drains and sewers ................................................................................................................ 11 3.2 Potential contamination from diffuse sources ...................................................................... 11 3.2.1 Agriculture ............................................................................................................................ 12 3.2.2 Foresting ............................................................................................................................... 12 3.2.3 Cattle and livestock keeping ................................................................................................. 13 3.2.4 Roads .................................................................................................................................... 13 3.2.5 Climate change ..................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.6 Boats in lake Sommen .......................................................................................................... 14 3.2.7 Oil tanks ................................................................................................................................ 14 4. Method and material .................................................................................................... 14 4.1 Local geology and hydrology ................................................................................................ 15 4.2 Catchment basin .............................................................................................................. 15 4.2.1 Catchment basin for groundwater ......................................................................................
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