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Panama Breached Its Obligations Under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to Protect the Rights of Its Indigenous People
Panama Breached its Obligations under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to Protect the Rights of Its Indigenous People Respectfully submitted to the United Nations Human Rights Committee on the occasion of its consideration of the Third Periodic Report of Panama pursuant to Article 40 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Hearings of the United Nations Human Rights Committee New York City, United States of America 24 - 25 March 2008 Prepared and submitted by the Program in International Human Rights Law of Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis, Indiana, and the International Human Rights Law Society of Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis, Indiana. Principal Authors, Editors and Researchers: Ms. Megan Alvarez, J.D. candidate, Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis Ms. Carmen Brown, J.D. candidate, Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis Ms. Susana Mellisa Alicia Cotera Benites, LL.M International Human Rights Law (Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis), Bachelor’s in Law (University of Lima, Law School) Ms. Vanessa Campos, Bachelor Degree in Law and Political Science (University of Panama) Ms. Monica C. Magnusson, J.D. candidate, Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis Mr. David A. Rothenberg, J.D. candidate, Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis Mr. Jhon Sanchez, LL.B, MFA, LL.M (International Human Rights Law), J.D. candidate, Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis Mr. Nelson Taku, LL.B, LL.M candidate in International Human Rights Law, Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis Ms. Eva F. Wailes, J.D. candidate, Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis Program in International Human Rights Law Director: George E. -
WTO Documents Online
RESTRICTED WORLD TRADE WT/ACC/PAN/4 9 May 1995 ORGANIZATION (95-1194) Original: English ACCESSION OF PANAMA Memorandum on Services Regime The following communication has been received from the Permanent Mission of Panama. _______________ The Permanent Mission of Panama to the World Trade Organization herewith submits the following memorandum on the Services Regime of the Republic of Panama for the information of member countries examining the accession of Panama to the Organization. WT/ACC/PAN/4 Page 2 Memorandum on Services Regime I. Market structure The services sector represents approximately 73 per cent of the Gross Domestic Product of the Republic of Panama. The geographic position has structured a wide economic activity specialized in services. During the Conquest and Colonization, the country was the path for precious metal flows to Europe, as well as the fairs of Chagres, Nombre de Dios and Portobelo were a trade centre across the sea. Afterwards, the industry development and the expansion of world trade made necessary the modernization of the transisthmian route, with the construction of the Transisthmian Railroad first, and then, with the Panama Canal. Due to the advantages obtained with these transportation facilities, in 1948 the Colon Free Zone was created, conceived as a centre for the development of trade, storage and reshipment of any kind of goods exchanged in the international market. Since the 1970s the International Banking Centre began its operations. More recently, the Panama Stock Exchange has been created. Support services activities such as ports and airports services have also contributed to generate a platform of services, that has shaped the economic development of the country. -
Doing Business in Panama Contents
This publication is a joint project with Doing business in Panama Contents Executive summary 4 Disclaimer Foreword 6 This document is issued by HSBC [HSBC entity in the jurisdiction to which the brochure relates] Introduction – Doing business in Panama 8 (’The Bank’) in Panama in partnership with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC). Conducting business in Panama 12 It is not intended as an offer or solicitation for business to anyone Taxation in Panama 16 in any jurisdiction. It is not intended for distribution to anyone located in or resident in jurisdictions Audit and accountancy 24 which restrict the distribution of this document. It shall not be Human Resources and Employment Law 27 copied, reproduced, transmitted or further distributed by any recipient. Trade 30 The information contained in this document is of a general nature Banking in Panama 34 only. It is not meant to be comprehensive and does not HSBC in Panama 35 constitute financial, legal, tax or other professional advice. Country overview 36 You should not act upon the information contained in this publication without obtaining Contacts 38 specific professional advice. This document is produced by the Bank together with PricewaterhouseCoopers (’PwC’). Whilst every care has been taken in preparing this document, neither the Bank nor PwC makes any guarantee, representation or warranty (express or implied) as to its accuracy or completeness, and under no circumstances will the Bank or PwC be liable for any loss caused by reliance on any opinion or statement made in this document. Except as specifically indicated, the expressions of opinion are those of the Bank and/or PwC only and are subject to change without notice. -
Bocas Del Toro…………………………………………………………………….9
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Historical change in coral reef communities in Caribbean Panama Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2042h6rs Author Cramer, Katie Lynn Publication Date 2011 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Historical change in coral reef communities in Caribbean Panama A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Oceanography by Katie Lynn Cramer Committee in charge: Professor Jeremy Jackson, Chair Professor Christopher Charles Professor James Leichter Professor Richard Norris Professor Naomi Oreskes 2011 Copyright Katie Lynn Cramer, 2011 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Katie Lynn Cramer is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2011 iii DEDICATION For my parents, Harry and Connie Cramer iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature page……………………………………………………………………………iii Dedication………………………………………………………………………………...iv Table of contents…………………………………………………………………………..v List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………….ix List of Tables………………………………………………………………………….....xv Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………...xvi -
Panama 2018 International Religious Freedom Report
PANAMA 2018 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary The constitution, laws, and executive decrees provide for freedom of religion and worship and prohibit discrimination based on religion. The constitution recognizes Roman Catholicism as the religion of the majority of citizens but not as the state religion. In March the Ministry of Education issued a resolution allowing girls attending public schools in the provinces of Panama City and Herrera to wear the hijab. Public schools continued to teach Catholicism, but parents could exempt their children from religion classes. Some non-Catholic groups continued to state the government provided preferential distribution of subsidies to small Catholic- run private schools for salaries and operating expenses and cited the level of government support given to the Catholic Church in preparation for the January 2019 World Youth Day. Local Catholic organizers continued to invite members of other religious denominations to participate. Some social media commentators criticized the use of public funds for the religious event. On August 16, the Interreligious Institute of Panama, an interfaith organization, held a public gathering entitled, “Interfaith Coexistence towards a Culture of Peace.” Approximately 100 individuals attended. The institute’s objectives included providing a coordination mechanism for interfaith activities and promoting mutual respect and appreciation among various religious groups. On August 29, the Panama Chapter of the Soka Gakkai International Buddhist Cultural Center hosted its Second Interreligious Dialogue with panelists from the Baha’i Spiritual Community, Kol-Shearith Jewish Congregation, Krishna-Hindu community, and Catholic Church. Embassy officials met on several occasions with government officials and raised questions about fairness in distribution of education subsidies for religious schools and the need for equal treatment of all religious groups before the law. -
Panama's Dollarized Economy Mainly Depends on a Well-Developed Services Sector That Accounts for 80 Percent of GDP
LATIN AMERICAN SOCIO-RELIGIOUS STUDIES PROGRAM - PROGRAMA LATINOAMERICANO DE ESTUDIOS SOCIORRELIGIOSOS (PROLADES) ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS GROUPS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: RELIGION IN PANAMA SECOND EDITION By Clifton L. Holland, Director of PROLADES Last revised on 3 November 2020 PROLADES Apartado 86-5000, Liberia, Guanacaste, Costa Rica Telephone (506) 8820-7023; E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.prolades.com/ ©2020 Clifton L. Holland, PROLADES 2 CONTENTS Country Summary 5 Status of Religious Affiliation 6 Overview of Panama’s Social and Political Development 7 The Roman Catholic Church 12 The Protestant Movement 17 Other Religions 67 Non-Religious Population 79 Sources 81 3 4 Religion in Panama Country Summary Although the Republic of Panama, which is about the size of South Carolina, is now considered part of the Central American region, until 1903 the territory was a province of Colombia. The Republic of Panama forms the narrowest part of the isthmus and is located between Costa Rica to the west and Colombia to the east. The Caribbean Sea borders the northern coast of Panama, and the Pacific Ocean borders the southern coast. Panama City is the nation’s capital and its largest city with an urban population of 880,691 in 2010, with over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area. The city is located at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal , and is the political and administrative center of the country, as well as a hub for banking and commerce. The country has an area of 30,193 square miles (75,417 sq km) and a population of 3,661,868 (2013 census) distributed among 10 provinces (see map below). -
Exploring the Y Chromosomal Ancestry of Modern Panamanians
RESEARCH ARTICLE Exploring the Y Chromosomal Ancestry of Modern Panamanians Viola Grugni1, Vincenza Battaglia1, Ugo Alessandro Perego2,3, Alessandro Raveane1, Hovirag Lancioni3, Anna Olivieri1, Luca Ferretti1, Scott R. Woodward2, Juan Miguel Pascale4, Richard Cooke5, Natalie Myres2,6, Jorge Motta4, Antonio Torroni1, Alessandro Achilli1,3, Ornella Semino1* 1 Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 2 Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America, 3 Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, 4 Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama, 5 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama, 6 Ancestry, Provo, Utah, United States of America * [email protected] Abstract OPEN ACCESS Geologically, Panama belongs to the Central American land-bridge between North and Citation: Grugni V, Battaglia V, Perego UA, Raveane South America crossed by Homo sapiens >14 ka ago. Archaeologically, it belongs to a A, Lancioni H, Olivieri A, et al. (2015) Exploring the Y Chromosomal Ancestry of Modern Panamanians. wider Isthmo-Colombian Area. Today, seven indigenous ethnic groups account for 12.3% PLoS ONE 10(12): e0144223. doi:10.1371/journal. of Panama’s population. Five speak Chibchan languages and are characterized by low pone.0144223 genetic diversity and a high level of differentiation. In addition, no evidence of differential Editor: Francesc Calafell, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, structuring between maternally and paternally inherited genes has been reported in isth- SPAIN mian Chibchan cultural groups. Recent data have shown that 83% of the Panamanian gen- Received: March 31, 2015 eral population harbour mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of Native American ancestry. -
Epidemiologic Characteristics of Suicide in Panama, 2007–2016
medicina Article Epidemiologic Characteristics of Suicide in Panama, 2007–2016 1, 1 2,3 Virginia Núñez-Samudio y , Aris Jiménez-Domínguez , Humberto López Castillo and Iván Landires 1,4,5,* 1 Instituto de Ciencias Médicas, Las Tablas, Los Santos 0701, Panama; [email protected] (V.N.-S.); [email protected] (A.J.-D.) 2 Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA 4 Centro Regional Universitario de Azuero, CRUA, Universidad de Panamá, Chitré, Herrera 0601, Panama 5 Hospital Joaquín Pablo Franco Sayas, Región de Salud de Los Santos, Ministry of Health, Las Tablas, Los Santos 0701, Panama * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +507-6593-7727 Sección de Epidemiología, Departamento de Salud Pública, Región de Salud de Herrera, y Ministerio de Salud, Panama. Received: 22 July 2020; Accepted: 28 August 2020; Published: 31 August 2020 Abstract: Background and objectives: We aim to describe the demographic characteristics associated with suicide in Panama, to estimate the suicide mortality rate and years of potential life lost (YPLL) to suicide, and to explore the correlation of suicide rates with the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). We present a descriptive retrospective epidemiological report of suicide-related mortality (Panama, 2007–2016). Materials and Methods: Data were matched-merged to calculate unadjusted suicide mortality rates (overall, and by sex, age groups, and administrative region), YPLL, and coefficients (r) for the correlation of MPI and suicide rates. -
Social Protection Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: Panama
Project Document Social protection systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: Panama Alexis Rodríguez Mojica Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) This document was prepared by Alexis Rodríguez, consultant with the Social Development Division of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), and is part of a series of studies on “Social protection systems in Latin America and the Caribbean”, edited by Simone Cecchini, Social Affairs Officer, and Claudia Robles, consultant, with the same Division. The author wish to thank Milena Lavigne and Humberto Soto for their valuable comments. The document was produced as part of the activities of the projects “Strengthening social protection” (ROA/1497) -and “Strengthening regional knowledge networks to promote the effective implementation of the United Nations development agenda and to assess progress” (ROA 161-7), financed by the United Nations Development Account. The views expressed in this document, which has been reproduced without formal editing, are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization. LC/W.526 Copyright © United Nations, November 2013. All rights reserved Printed in Santiago, Chile – United Nations ECLAC – Project Documents collection Social protection systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: Panama Contents Foreword .......................................................................................................................................... 5 I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. -
Art Works Grants
National Endowment for the Arts — December 2014 Grant Announcement Art Works grants Discipline/Field Listings Project details are as of November 24, 2014. For the most up to date project information, please use the NEA's online grant search system. Art Works grants supports the creation of art that meets the highest standards of excellence, public engagement with diverse and excellent art, lifelong learning in the arts, and the strengthening of communities through the arts. Click the discipline/field below to jump to that area of the document. Artist Communities Arts Education Dance Folk & Traditional Arts Literature Local Arts Agencies Media Arts Museums Music Opera Presenting & Multidisciplinary Works Theater & Musical Theater Visual Arts Some details of the projects listed are subject to change, contingent upon prior Arts Endowment approval. Page 1 of 168 Artist Communities Number of Grants: 35 Total Dollar Amount: $645,000 18th Street Arts Complex (aka 18th Street Arts Center) $10,000 Santa Monica, CA To support artist residencies and related activities. Artists residing at the main gallery will be given 24-hour access to the space and a stipend. Structured as both a residency and an exhibition, the works created will be on view to the public alongside narratives about the artists' creative process. Alliance of Artists Communities $40,000 Providence, RI To support research, convenings, and trainings about the field of artist communities. Priority research areas will include social change residencies, international exchanges, and the intersections of art and science. Cohort groups (teams addressing similar concerns co-chaired by at least two residency directors) will focus on best practices and develop content for trainings and workshops. -
Additions to the Flora of Panama, with Comments on Plant Collections and Information Gaps
15 4 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 15 (4): 601–627 https://doi.org/10.15560/15.4.601 Additions to the flora of Panama, with comments on plant collections and information gaps Orlando O. Ortiz1, Rodolfo Flores2, Gordon McPherson3, Juan F. Carrión4, Ernesto Campos-Pineda5, Riccardo M. Baldini6 1 Herbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Vía Simón Bolívar, Panama City, Panama Province, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama. 2 Programa de Maestría en Biología Vegetal, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, El Cabrero, David City, Chiriquí Province, Panama. 3 Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4500 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63166-0299, USA. 4 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. 5 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue (Ancón, Tupper 401), Panama City, Panama Province, Panama. 6 Centro Studi Erbario Tropicale (FT herbarium) and Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via La Pira 4, 50121, Firenze, Italy. Corresponding author: Orlando O. Ortiz, [email protected]. Abstract In the present study, we report 46 new records of vascular plants species from Panama. The species belong to the fol- lowing families: Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araceae, Bignoniaceae, Burseraceae, Caryocaraceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gentianaceae, Laciste- mataceae, Lauraceae, Malpighiaceae, Malvaceae, Marattiaceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Ochnaceae, Orchidaceae, Passifloraceae, Peraceae, Poaceae, Portulacaceae, Ranunculaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Solanaceae, and Violaceae. Additionally, the status of plant collections in Panama is discussed; we focused on the areas where we identified significant information gaps regarding real assessments of plant biodiversity in the country. -
The Political Culture of Democracy in Panama: 2006
FEBRUARY, 2007 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… TTTHHHEEE PPPOOOLLLIIITTTIIICCCAAALLL CCCUUULLLTTTUUURRREEE OOOFFF DDDEEEMMMOOOCCCRRRAAACCCYYY IIINNN PPPAAANNNAAAMMMAAA::: 222000000666 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… By: Orlando J. Pérez, Ph.D., Central Michigan University Mitchell A. Seligson, Ph.D., Scientific Coordinator and Editor of the Series, Vanderbilt University ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… This study was carried out thanks to the support of the Democracy and Governance Program of the United States Agency for International Development. The opinions expressed in this study belong to the authors and do not necessarily reflect the point of view of the United States Agency for International Development. The Political Culture of Democracy in Panama: 2006 Table of contents List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. i List of Figures............................................................................................................................... iv Presentation................................................................................................................................viii Foreword........................................................................................................................................ x Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................