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Parenting Capacity Assessments and Indigenous Parents in Canada Issues in Child Development: A Scan of Policy Positions, Advocacy Activities and Current Research (Update3) ─ March 2020 ─ ─ December 2019 ─ POLICY BENCH Fraser Mustard Institute for Human Development 1 Policy Bench Co-Leads: Barbara Fallon, Ph.D. Steven Miller, M.D. Professor Head of Neurology Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Division of Neurology Social Work The Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto Policy Bench Advisory Committee: Catherine Birken, M.D. Steven Miller, M.D. Staff Pediatrician Head of Neurology Pediatric Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children The Hospital for Sick Children Avram Denburg, M.D. Faye Mishna, Ph.D. Staff Oncologist and Clinical Professor Scientist Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social The Hospital for Sick Children Work University of Toronto Barbara Fallon, Ph.D. Marla Sokolowski, Ph.D. Professor Professor Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Department of Cell and Systems Social Work Biology University of Toronto University of Toronto Jennifer Jenkins, Ph.D. Suzanne Stewart, Ph.D. Professor Professor Department of Applied Ontario Institute for Studies in Psychology and Human Education Development University of Toronto University of Toronto Joel Levine, Ph.D. Professor August2019 Department of Biology University of Toronto Institute for HumanInstitute Development for Principal Researcher: Marina Sistovaris, Ph.D. Policy Bench Research Associate Policy Brief Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Policy Bench Social Work University of Toronto Recommended Citation: Sistovaris, M., Fallon, B., Miller, S., Birken, C., Denburg, A., Jenkins, J., Levine, J., Mishna, F., Sokolowski, M. and Stewart, S. (2020 March). Issues in Child Development: A Scan of Policy Positions, Advocacy Activities and Current Research (Update 3). Toronto, Ontario: Policy Bench, University of Toronto. Fraser Mustard Fraser Fraser Mustard Institute for Human Development File Number: 2020 SCN-no.1 (Update3) Table of Contents Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................................. i Executive Summary........................................................................................................................................... iii 1.0 Child Associations ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Canadian Association for Young Children ....................................................................... 1 1.2 Canadian Coalition for the Rights of Children ........................................................................ 2 1.3 Children First Canada ...................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Children’s Healthcare Canada ....................................................................................................... 9 2.0 Medical/Health Bodies........................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Canadian Council on Social Determinants of Health.......................................................... 13 2.2 Canadian Medical Association .................................................................................................... 22 2.3 Canadian Mental Health Association ....................................................................................... 23 2.4 Canadian Pediatric Society .......................................................................................................... 25 2.5 Canadian Public Health Association ......................................................................................... 28 2.6 The College of Family Physicians of Canada ......................................................................... 30 2.7 Mental Health Commission of Canada ..................................................................................... 31 2.8 Pediatric Chairs of Canada ........................................................................................................... 35 2.9 Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada ........................................................ 38 3.0 Early Childhood Education ................................................................................................................... 43 3.1 Margaret and Wallace McCain Family Foundation............................................................. 43 3.2 Atkinson Centre for Society and Child Development ........................................................ 49 3.3 United Nations Children’s Fund Canada ................................................................................. 54 3.4 (US) National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine ................................ 60 4.0 Research Institutes/Current Research ............................................................................................ 65 4.1 Child Cohort Study .......................................................................................................................... 65 4.2 Center on the Developing Child, Harvard University ........................................................ 68 4.3 Institute of Human Development, Child and Youth Health ............................................. 75 4.4 McGill Institute for Health and Social Policy ......................................................................... 80 4.5 University of Manitoba, McMaster University, University of British Columbia ...... 82 References ........................................................................................................................................................... 87 Acronyms ACE Adverse Childhood Experiences AHSOR Aboriginal Head Start on Reserve AHSUNC Aboriginal Head Start in Urban and Northern Communities AI Artificial intelligence BBBF Better Beginnings, Better Futures CANUE CANadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium CAPC Community Action Program for Children CAYC Canadian Association for Young Children CCRC Canadian Coalition for the Rights of Children CCSDH Canadian Council on Social Determinants of Health CFC Children First Canada CFPC C College of Family Physicians of Canada CHANCES Caring, Helping and Nurturing, Children Every Step CICH Canadian Institute of Child Health’s CIHR Canadian Institutes of Health Research CMA Canadian Medical Association CMHA Canadian Mental Health Association CPHA Canadian Public Health Association CPNP Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program CPS Canadian Pediatric Society CRRU Childcare Resource and Research Unit DOHaD Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ECD Early Childhood Development ECDC Early Childhood Development Centres ECE Early Childhood Education ECEC Early Childhood Education and Care ECER Early Childhood Education Report EDI Early Development Instrument EU European Union eNO Exhaled Nitric Oxide EYS Early Years Study FOI Frontiers of Innovation FoMo Fear of Missing Out Acronyms HBSC Health Behaviour of School-Aged Children HCD Healthy Child Development HeLTI Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative HIC High Income Countries HSO Health Standards Organization IHDCYH Institute of Human Development, Child and Youth Health IHSP (McGill) Institute for Health and Social Policy LGBTQ2S Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Transsexual, Queer, Questioning and 2-Spirit LMIC Low and Middle Income Countries MHCC Mental Health Commission of Canada NCD Non-Communicable Diseases i NEET Not in Education, Employment or Training OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development PHAC Public Health Agency of Canada PCC Pediatric Chairs of Canada SB6 Success By 6 TFD Toronto First Duty Triple P Positive Parenting Program UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNCRC United Nations’ Convention on the Rights of the Child YC (Mental Health Commission of Canada) Youth Council Acronyms Executive Summary This document identifies key policy positions, advocacy activities and current research concerning child development and associated issues. Common themes identified by the scan include: health and well being of Indigenous children; issues of equity/access in the provision of health services; children’s mental health; social determinants of health and their impact on child health and development; improvements in data collection and analysis; significance of structured play; effects of cannabis on child development; safe and effective medications for children; the social, economic and developmental benefits of early childhood education and care; and effects of climate change on children’s health and development. Key words found throughout the scan: cannabis child medications climate change early childhood education and care early intervention food security health inequality homelessness Indigenous children mental health obesity poverty social determinants of health structured play Executive Summary Issues in Child Development: A Scan of Policy Positions, Advocacy Activities and Current Research 1.0 Child Associations 1.1 The Canadian Association for Young Children Website www.cayc.ca Background The Canadian Association for Young Children (CAYC) is a “national association specifically concerned with the well being of children, birth through age nine at home, in preschool settings and at school….Members of [the] multi-disciplinary association include parents, teachers, caregivers, administrators, students and all those wishing to share ideas and participate
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