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On Exploration and Practice of Application-Oriented Talent Cultivation System of English Related Majors in Local Normal Universities in China

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On Exploration and Practice of Application-Oriented Talent Cultivation System of English Related Majors in Local Normal Universities in China English Language Teaching; Vol. 12, No. 11; 2019 ISSN 1916-4742 E-ISSN 1916-4750 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education On Exploration and Practice of Application-Oriented Talent Cultivation System of English Related Majors in Local Normal Universities in China Bo Xu1 1 School of Foreign Languages, Leshan Normal University, Sichuan Province, China Correspondence: Bo Xu, School of Foreign Languages, Leshan Normal University, Sichuan Province, China Received: September 19, 2019 Accepted: October 29, 2019 Online Published: October 31, 2019 doi: 10.5539/elt.v12n11p113 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n11p113 Abstract Recently, many local normal universities have been carrying out transformation and development project. Leshan Normal University, a local normal university, is prone to change traditional talents cultivation mode. By taking LSNU as an example, this paper attempts to make an exploration on constructing application-oriented talents training system through reconstructing application-oriented talents cultivation system, constructing application-oriented course system, enhancing practice education and training double-qualified teachers. Keywords: application-oriented talent cultivation system, English related majors, Local Normal Universities 1. Introduction On October 26th 2017, the Ministry of Education in China issued implementation measures for teachers’ major certification in universities and colleges. The Ministry of Education issued its key points of work which will implement teachers’ major certification with a high starting point and high standard. Sichuan province will also implement the teachers’ major certification. In January, 2018, the Ministry of Education issued National Standard for Teaching Quality of Undergraduate major, which specified connotation, disciplinary foundations and orientation of talents cultivation, major scope, training objective, training, teaching staff, teaching conditions and the construction of quality guarantee system. Especially, it speculated the number and structure of teaching staff, background and teaching level of teachers, teachers teaching development qualitatively and quantitatively. It also listed major knowledge system and core course system. In 2015 Leshan Normal University was granted as the pilot university for Sichuan Provincial Transformation and Development Reform Project. As a local normal university, our aim is to cultivate applied talents. English related majors are composed of English (teachers education), Translation (English-Chinese) and Business English. English was granted as Sichuan provincial key major in 2011. After the New National Standard and Major Certification Measures were issued, it is quite necessary to reform and explore applied talent training system of English related majors. 2. Literature Review Rogers' “student-centered” humanistic educational belief influenced a whole generation of educators. It is a direct application of his “person-centered” non-direction psychotherapy theory. He criticizes traditional education for its emphasis on factual knowledge and puts emphasis on the intrinsic nature of learning, and advocates education that promotes students “self-actualization” and healthy development of their “inner life”. Rogers views positive interpersonal relationship, teacher's trust and respect to the student, and “mutual understanding” as the conditions to promote “experiential learning”. His humanistic principles can contribute not so much to teaching techniques as to the development of teachers' educational beliefs (Zeng, 2003). Yun (2012) made an analysis of several main problems occurred in the process of engineering education and performed some exploration and practice of the applied talents cultivation respectively including the positioning of talent cultivation objective, the reformation of talent cultivation mode, the establishment of practice teaching system. Yang et al. (2017) deemed that, with the progress of the transformation of application-oriented universities, 113 elt.ccsenet.org English Language Teaching Vol. 12, No. 11; 2019 newly-founded universities faced a number of problems. Taking Sichuan Tourism University as an example, they conducted a systematic exploration of educational programs in terms of school orientation, program orientation and routes, improvement of curriculum, teaching faculty,and management mechanism innovation. Wu and Zhang (2016) held that the principle of“Practice Education”has gradually received attention and the cooperation models between colleges and enterprises have been carried out. They confirmed college-enterprise cooperation being as an important way to cultivate talents in application-oriented colleges, explored the various ways of cooperation in the cognitive practice, professional practice and graduation practice and analyzed the detailed cooperative models and possible problems with the example of English majors with specialty in translation. Last but not the least, possible solution was offered in order to promote the reciprocal development between colleges and enterprises with a solid foundation to cultivate high quality talents. Wang (2017) held that the basic task of local colleges and universities is to cultivate the application-oriented students with high-quality. Facing the pressing needs of the social transformation and economic development for talents, local colleges and universities were confronted with a long-term issue: with the guidance of application-oriented construction, how to grasp the strategic opportunity of such transformation, optimize the layout, promote the connotation, and form the unique characteristics. With a case study of Taizhou University’s 10-year exploration of application-oriented construction, they intended to study how local colleges and universities may construct a new talent cultivation model with an integration of teaching, producing, study and research, as well as the collaboration between government, enterprise, society, and schools by discussing three core issues, namely, the ambiguous orientation, the disconnection between social needs and the students’ knowledge, ability and quality,and the unfavorable collaborative education mechanisms, through the combination of point, line and plane to promote the education reform and practice progressively with special projects. Zhou et al. (2018) deemed that the starting point of local universities and colleges was to serve local economical construction and social development, with the combination of advantageous discipline and majors with local industrial structure adjustment. They made an exploration and practice of setting the objectives of talents cultivation, curriculum system and practice sector, development and construction of teaching resources, establishment of teaching practice condition so as to cultivate application-oriented talents that can meet the demand of local economic development trend and industrial structure adjustment. Hu (2018) found out that universities and colleges in Fujian Province made an exploration and practice of the mode of application-oriented talent training in such aspects as orientation of universities, coordination of relevant industries, cooperation between universities and enterprises, teaching reform, teaching staff training etc. The reform achievement promoted the higher education development in Fujian province which was of great significance to cultivate application-oriented talents with high quality for social and economical development. Liu (2018) put forward that application-oriented talents training can meet the needs of social and economical development and was an inevitable selection of translation discipline development. He made an exploration and practice of application-oriented translation talents cultivation from the perspective of objective of talents cultivation, curriculum system, teaching staff, practice base and students development. The American psychologist Abraham H. Maslow, who was one of the leading architects of humanistic psychology, put forward a hierarchy of needs or drives in order to decrease priority or potency but increase sophistication: physiological needs, safety, belonging and love, esteem, and self-actualization. Only when the more primitive needs were met can the individual progress to higher levels in the hierarchy. People reaching self-actualization would have fully realized their potential (form Britannica.com). For most humanistic psychologists, the concept of the self is a focal key point. In the “personal construct” theory of American psychologist George Kelly and the “self-centred” theory of American psychotherapist Carl Rogers, individuals are said to perceive the world according to their own experiences. This perception affects their personality and leads them to direct their behavior to satisfy the needs of the total self. Rogers stressed that, in the development of an individual’s personality, the person strives for “self-actualization (to become oneself), self-maintenance (to keep on being oneself), and self-enhancement (to transcend the status quo).” Rogers (1969) put forward students-centered education belief. He pointed out that the aim of education was to promote change and learning so as to train a person how to fit into change and how to learn. What he concerned was that all-round development of a person, especially one’s inner world. i.e. the development of one’s emotion, spirit and values . He also held that such education aim would cultivate a person who could make full potential of oneself,
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