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INFORMATICA BASICA.Pdf 2015 UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa Nombre de la asignatura: Informática Básica Código Carrera (s): Todas las carreras de la UNAN- Managua Modalidad: Presencial, Encuentros, Profesionalización y Mixta. Turno: Matutino, vespertino, nocturno, diurno, sabatino. Semestre: I y II Número total de horas 180 horas Frecuencia Semanal 2 Número de Créditos 4 Área de formación a la que pertenece: Formación General UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa INTRODUCCIÓN El avance tecnológico como solución a las necesidades de todas las áreas del saber, hoy en día es una realidad, es por ello que la asignatura de Informática Básica forma parte de las asignaturas de Formación General contribuyendo al desarrollo integral del estudiante a través de la adquisición de nuevas habilidades que le permitan desarrollarse como futuro profesional. La asignatura de Informática Básica será desarrollada en el primer año de las carreras de la UNAN – Managua, con el objetivo de dotar al estudiante de habilidades que le permitan realizar sus trabajos de investigación y/o trabajos de fin de curso. Así mismo, como conocimiento previo para el desarrollo de cualquier otra asignatura que requiera de los conocimientos básicos del uso del computador. El aporte de los contenidos de la asignatura corresponden al desarrollo de habilidades en la organización y gestión de archivos y documentos, realización de búsquedas efectivas de información en Internet, preparación de informes, procesamiento y representación gráfica de datos, así como, la realización de presentaciones de calidad para realizar exposiciones. El presente documento contiene la descripción general de la asignatura, una breve introducción que describe la relevancia de la misma, descriptores de la asignatura con una síntesis de las capacidades y habilidades a desarrollar en los futuros profesionales, fundamentación de la asignatura, objetivos generales, plan temático por modalidad, objetivos, contenidos y recomendaciones metodológicas por unidad, recursos didácticos a utilizar, el sistema de evaluación a implementar y bibliografía que será empleada para el desarrollo de la asignatura. UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa DESCRIPTOR DE LA ASIGNATURA La asignatura de Informática Básica desarrolla las capacidades para el uso eficiente del computador, la búsqueda efectiva de información, utilización de herramientas de comunicación a través de Internet, la realización de informes estructurados de forma adecuada, el procesamiento y representación gráfica de datos y finalmente la presentación eficiente de los resultados de una investigación. Los principales contenidos son: Periféricos del computador, funcionalidades de un sistema operativo, almacenamiento de información en dispositivos externos, actividades y recursos del aula virtual Moodle, motores de búsqueda de información, herramientas de comunicación en Internet, formato de texto y párrafo, inserción de elementos en un documento de texto, referencias y citas bibliográficas en un documento de texto, formato de datos en una hoja de cálculo, fórmulas y funciones en una hoja de cálculo, creación de gráficos para la representación de datos, elementos para la creación de presentaciones, personalización de los elementos de una presentación. Tiene un total de 180 horas, distribuidas en 60 horas presenciales y 120 horas de trabajo independiente, para un total de 4 créditos académicos UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa OBJETIVOS GENERALES DE LA ASIGNATURA N° CONCEPTUALES PROCEDIMENTALES ACTITUDINALES 1 Analizar los elementos Experimentar los Asumir una actitud básicos del uso del procesos básicos del responsable en el uso computador y las sistema operativo para eficiente del computador y características de los la manipulación y la manipulación de la sistemas operativos. organización de datos información. en el computador. 2 Analizar las características Emplear los recursos y Adquirir el hábito de una y funcionalidad que ofrece actividades que ofrece participación activa y un entorno virtual de un entorno virtual de respetuosa en el enseñanza aprendizaje enseñanza aprendizaje aprendizaje en línea. como apoyo al proceso en el desarrollo de un educativo. curso. 3 Señalar las diferentes Utilizar criterios de Respetar las normas formas de comunicación a búsqueda que permitan éticas de información y través del Internet y los localizar información de comunicación a través de principales motores de manera eficiente. Internet. búsqueda de información. 4 Reconocer las Aplicar los Respetar los derechos de características particulares procedimientos para el autor en la creación de y herramientas de un formato y configuración documentos de texto. procesador de texto. de un documento de texto. 5 Reconocer las Utilizar las herramientas Mostrar ética en el características y adecuadas para el procesamiento y funcionalidades de una hoja procesamiento y representación gráfica de de cálculo para el representación gráfica datos en una hoja de procesamiento de datos. de datos en la solución cálculo electrónica. de problemas reales. 6 Reconocer las reglas Emplear las Respetar las reglas básicas de la elaboración herramientas básicas para la creación de presentaciones a través adecuadas para la de presentaciones útiles y del uso de las herramientas elaboración de atractivas. adecuadas del programa presentaciones que se utiliza para tal fin. personalizadas. UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa PLAN TEMÁTICO UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa Unidad I: Generalidades de la Informática Contenidos: 1. Las computadoras y sus periféricos 1.1. Periféricos de entrada y salida 1.2. Periféricos de procesamiento de información 1.3. Periféricos de almacenamiento 1.4. Periféricos de comunicación 2. Funciones principales de un Sistema Operativo 2.1. Administrar el uso de los dispositivos de E/S 3. Elementos del escritorio de trabajo de un Sistema Operativo 4. Almacenamiento de datos en dispositivos externos Objetivos: Reconocer las partes de una computadora personal. Reconocer las funciones principales de un Sistema Operativo. Diferenciar los elementos que conforman el escritorio de trabajo de un sistema operativo. Explicar el proceso de almacenamiento de datos en dispositivos externos Recursos: 1. Fuentes Documentales Página 1 UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa Tema 1. Las computadoras y sus periféricos Exploro mis conocimientos Actividades Trabajo Grupal: 1. Me reúno con tres compañeros y realizo lo siguiente: a) Tomando en cuenta el contexto que nos rodea, realizo una tabla de los avances tecnológicos y específico las ventajas y desventajas de las mismas. Nota: La tabla puede estar elaborada de la siguiente manera. Avance Tecnológico Ventajas Desventajas b) Seleccione un avance tecnológico y lo grafico de manera que muestre su cambio evolutivo. Nota: El tiempo transcurrido puede ser de diez años atrás c) Construyo una definición de Informática. 2. En plenaria, del trabajo en equipo previamente realizado para ello, pedir a los estudiantes que realicen lo siguiente: a. Presente las respuestas de las preguntas en papelógrafos b. Comparta con sus compañeros(as) por un periodo de 10 minutos por grupo. c. Construya un consolidado de lo expuesto por sus compañeros(as). Nota: Exceptúe lo que sea igual. Página 2 UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa 3. Presente la información consolidada al maestro y de esta manera valore el trabajo realizado. Documentos Complementarios: Ampliemos nuestros conocimientos Fuentes: (Flores , 2012); (Avila , 2009) Definición de una computadora: Una computadora es una máquina electrónica usada para procesar todo tipo de información, considerada como un dispositivo rápido y exacto de sistema de manipulación de caracteres (datos), diseñado y organizado para aceptar y almacenar datos automáticamente, procesarlos y producir resultados de salida bajo la dirección de un programa almacenado de instrucciones. Está compuesto básicamente de procesador, memoria y dispositivos de entrada/salida, capaz de resolver problemas matemáticos y lógicos, usando programas o aplicaciones informáticas. Podemos hacer trabajos de oficina con ella, guardar datos, imágenes, escribir cartas, leer el periódico, comunicarnos con familiares o amigos a través de correos electrónicos, ver videos, dibujar, hacer informes, crear programas de computadoras que llevan a cabo diversas funciones e incluso nos permite hacer presentaciones que pueden ver otros usuarios de computadoras alrededor del mundo. Componentes de un computador: Hardware Software La computadora está compuesta por una parte física, conocida como Hardware, y una parte lógica, llamada Software. Combinadas entre sí son capaces de interpretar y ejecutar las instrucciones para las que fueron programadas. El hardware, está compuesto por los elementos físicos de la computadora, aquellos elementos que podemos “tocar” es decir la parte material del sistema informático, consta de uno o varios dispositivos Página 3 UNAN Managua – FAREM Matagalpa de entrada de información (teclado, ratón, tableta digitalizadora, etc); una unidad central de procesos (CPU), que procesa la información que se recibe, y uno o varios dispositivos de salida de esta información una vez procesada (pantalla, impresora, etc.). El software es cada uno de los programas de aplicación que la computadora posee. Mouse (Ratón) y sus partes: Todos los modelos y tipos de ratón pueden incorporar varias teclas y botones, o aplicar las últimas innovaciones en ergonomía, pero, en esencia, se componen de dos partes fundamentales: un sistema de posicionamiento, ya sea óptico o de bola, y unas teclas o botones de acción. Los botones básicos
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