Iancu Flondor (1865-1924)

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Iancu Flondor (1865-1924) id10991531 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com IANCU FLONDOR (1865-1924). Þà ÎN SLUJBA DREPTÃÞII O VIA ªtefan Purici ãºoarã sub semnul manifestãrilor organizate cu ocazia marcãrii a unui Anul 2004 se desf în lumea celor drepþi a ilustrului conducãtor al Moldovei medieva – semimileniu de la trecerea le ªtefan cel Mare (1457 În ºi timp ã uitãm ºi alte date importante din -1504). acela , nu trebuie s ã puþini se pot compara cu marele voievod român. istoria neamului, chiar dac În anul 2004, în luna octombrie, se împlinesc 80 de ani de la moartea unui mare om âniei Mari – ãsat urme adânci în politic al Rom Iancu Flondor (1865-1924), personalitate ce a l ºi viaþa politicã a Bucovinei la sfârºitul secolului al XIX ºi în primele decenii ale istoria -lea În pofida þei sale extrem de active p ã a Bucovinei, în ciuda secolului trecut. prezen e scena politic þiilor esenþiale în procesul de emancipare naþionalã a românilor din aceastã provincie, contribu încã subiectul þii sãi1 ându Iancu Flondor nu a devenit unui studiu monografic, exege limit -se la ºte prezentãri fragment ºi, adeseori, subiective ã explicaþie a acestei stãri de fapt ar ni are . O posibil þiilor în care a trebuit sã acþioneze acest lider politic, precum ºi modul în fi complexitatea situa þionat diverse chestiuni, adicã prin respectarea strictã a unor pr ºi care a solu incipii politice ânia de sub toate regimurile morale, mod care nu prea a fost agreat de oamenii politici din Rom ând tematica bucovineanã dispãruse practic politice. Evident, cele patru decenii de comunism, c þiilor ºtiinþifice din þarã, n ãrii arhivelor sau a din paginile publica -au fost deloc favorabile explor „burgheze” din epoca lui Flondor spre a pune în luminã rolul unor personalitãþi în presei þional. În cele ce urmeazã, vom încerca sã reliefãm faptul cã Iancu construirea destinului na ãmâne un model pentru generaþiile de astãzi graþie principiilor politice ºi cavaler de Flondor r ºi promovat, datoritã abordãrii abile ºi oneste þii normelor morale pe care le-a urmat a unor situa ºi a refuzului de a încheia compromisuri cu nedreptatea complexe . *** ºti, care a deþinut dregãtorii ºi Iancu Flondor este descendentul unei vechi familii boiere ºii în Þ ãscut la 16 august 1865 la Storojineþ în familia a avut mo ara de Sus a Moldovei. El s-a n , þ – þ boierului Gheorghe cavaler de Flondor (1828, Storojine 1.06.1892, Storojine ). Mama sa, ºti (? – þ Isabella von Dobrowolski-Buchenthal, provenea din Rogoje 14.02.1890, Storojine ). ãscut în Milie 2 ºi cãsãtorit în Gheorghe era fiul lui Nicolai cavaler de Flondor, n (1795-1864 ) þ cu Ecaterina von Cârste, fiicã a lui Teod ârste ºi a Smarandei (nãscutã Storojine or cavaler de C ãb – ãsãtorit cu von Ralli). Str unicul lui Iancu, Constantin cavaler de Flondor (? 7.01.1815), c þchi, era fiul lui Ioan Flondor, vornic de Câmpulung Rusesc, ºi a Nastasiei Parascheva von Calmu ºãtrarul ºi a soþiei acestuia, Alexandra, nãscutã Buhuº, nepoatã a Arap (fiica ui Gheorghe Arap º, strãnepoatã a hatmanului Alexandru Buhuº ºi strãstrãnepoatã a postelnicului Dumitru Buhu º). Strã ã ãu, ªerban Flondor, mare medelnicer marelui vistiernic Dumitru Buhu str bunicul s ãºcãuþi3 ãsãtorit cu fiica s ãrui soþie (proprietar al satului V ), fusese c erdarului Vasile Bainschi, a c ãnepoatã a hatmanului Oreº. ã ªerban º Toader Flondor Albota (? – era str Tat l lui , marele arma ãsãtorit cu Mariuþa Gherman, fiica marelui vorni ºi a soþiei 1768) fusese c c Grigore Gherman ãscutã Tãutul, nepoatã a marelui logofãt Solomon Barlaveanul)4 sale, Kelsina (n . înrudit, prin sora ãlui ãu, – Iancu Flondor era tat s Eufrosina (30.03.1826 16.01.1899), cu ãsãtoria având loc la 30 þ), prin Gheorghe baron de Hurmuzaki (c iulie 1844, la Storojine bunica ârste, iar prin fraþii ºi surorile ãu, cu familiile nobililor sa, Ecaterina, cu boierii C bunicului s ãutul ºi Grigorcea. bucovineni T „Codrul Cosminului”, nr. 10, 2004, p. 259 -270. ªtefan Purici 260 Î ãpâni ai unor moºii, þi sã ia iniþia n calitate de st nobilii bucovineni erau obliga tiva în satele pe care le deþineau, a unor lãcaºe de cult, în cazul în care nu existau deja construirii, ã le întreþinã ºi sã le repare pe cele existente, precum ºi sã înzestreze cu sesie preotul biserici, s 5 ã ctito în Hliniþa satului . De numele Flondorilor este legat rirea unor biserici (Adormirea Maicii ºi þ ântul Gheorghe, 1888)6 Domnului, 1786) Storojine (Sf . ã ºi statutul social ale familiei Flondor au condiþionat o implicare activã în Originea etnic þa þinutului. ã cu încorporarea pãrþii de nord în cadrul Austriei, în rândul via Odat -vest a Moldovei ãzvrãtiþi din judeþul Cernãuþi7 þi ºi þii Flondor8 capilor mazililor r la 1780-1781 sunt pomeni fra (nu avem date privitoare la faptul care dintre fiii mazilului din Milie Ioan Flondor, fost vornic de âmpulung Ruses ºi Constantin, a fost direct implica în C c: Vasile, Ioan, Gheorghe, Dimitrie t ºcarea respectivã, dar nu excludem posibilitatea acþionãrii în bloc a fraþilor mi Flondor). Nu întâmplãtor, unchiul lor, Toader Flondor (frate cu Ioan Flondor ºi Maria, cãsãtoritã Cracalia), þa, þinut recunoaºterea titlului nobiliar în anul 17899 în timp ce fraþii Vasile, mazil din Hlini a ob , ºi Dimitrie (Ioan murise, probabil, între timp) au fost înnobilaþi abia în Constantin, Gheorghe anul 179610. þinut activitatea ºi iniþiativele boierului Vasile Balº, ãpitan * Flondorii au sus c al cercului ºi promotor al iosefinismului11 în provincia intratã sub Bucovina (1792-1803), un sincer adept în anul 1797, rãspunzând apelului lansat de Vasile sceptrul Habsburgilor la 1775. Spre exemplu, º, în districtul Câmpulung Rusesc pentru Bal boierul Gheorghe Flondor a recrutat voluntari ãrarea hotarelor Bucovinei în faþa pericolului reprezentat de insurgenþii polonezi staþionaþi în ap ºi raiaua Hotinului12 þinuta în Câmpulun Moldova . Vasile Flondor, comisar l g Rusesc, a sprijinit þiu îngrãdire a abuzurilor practicate de stãpânii de moºii din Bucovina, fiind ameninþat ac nile de ãtre adversarii lui Vasile Balº cu darea afarã din serviciu13 ãm cã lupta pentru de c . Astfel, observ ânilor ºi apãrarea a ãrului, dreptãþii ºi demnitãþii au fost trãsãturi ce au particu drepturile rom dev - încã cu mult timp înainte de naºterea lui Iancu. ãl sãu, Gheorghe larizat familia Flondor Tat þiunii federaliste (autonomiste), ºi linie, cavaler de Flondor, membru al fac a mers pe aceea remar- ân þiile sale în Dieta Bucovinei întru emanciparea limbii române14 c du-se prin interven , prin refu- ãrile organizate cu prilejul inaugurãrii Universitãþii germane din Cernã zul de a participa la serb - þi15 þiile sale la colecta destinatã susþine ãzboiului de independenþã a Româ u , prin contribu rii r - 16 ã în realizarea programului Societãþii politice „Concordia”17 niei , prin implicarea activ etc. În familia lui Gheorghe ºi a Isabellei Flondor, Iancu era al doilea nãscut, având þi: doi fra – ºi Nicu ( – Tudor (22.07.1862 23.06.1908) 15.06.1872 1940 ?). Absolvind cursurile Liceului ãuþi ãu, Nicolai von Flondor, a fost unul din primii 24 de elevi18 german din Cern (bunicul s înscriºi în primul an þã þii înfiinþate în capitala Bucovinei, în anul de existen al acestei institu înscris la Facultatea de ªtiinþe Juridice a Universitãþii din Viena þia 1808), Iancu s-a (promo þinând, în 1894, doctoratul în drept19 1884), sus . *** Î þa politicã a Bucovinei ârºitul anilor ’80 ai n via Iancu Flondor s-a implicat de la sf ã ând ã a „ ” âni, alãturi de George secolului al XIX-lea, f c parte din gruparea politic tinerilor rom º. þionând în Popovici, Grigore Filimon, Florea Lupu, Constantin Morariu, Zaharia Voronca a. Ac ºi, o anumitã perioadã, neacceptaþi în rândul elitei politice româneºti, în timp paralel ul ânilor cu guvernatorul Pace din anii 1891 „tinerii” au fost cooptaþi în conflictului rom -1892, 20 ãtre „bãtrânii” ãzuserã ameninþaþi cu pierderea comitetul electoral de c lideri politici care se v þiilor în Dieta Bucovinei. î ãri pozi Colaborarea s-a materializat n organizarea unei mari adun ânilor în Cernãuþi, la 7 martie 1892, care a decis þ politice a rom coagularea tuturor for elor politice âneºti într þional „compact ã « »”21 rom -un partid na , reprezentat prin societatea politic Concordia . 22 ã a ã datã ãrii Partidului Naþional Român Istoriografii consider ceast drept moment al cre din * – ºeful administraþiei þinutului (Bucovina constituia, din 1787, al 19 Kreishauptmann -lea cerc þiei ºi Lodomeriei). administrativ al Regatului Gali þã în slujba dreptãþii Iancu Flondor (1865-1924). O via 261 ã ã se întemeieze pe programul publicat cu un an mai Bucovina. Structura respectiv urma s în „Gazet ”23 ã, datoritã implicãrii active a „tinerilor” în devreme paginile ei Bucovinei . Chiar dac ã, românii ºi 24 încredinþarea mandatelor aproape exclusiv campania electoral -au atins obiectivele , þilor „bãtrânilor”25 în rândul clasei reprezentan a condus la perpetuarea atitudinii moderate ãtoare româneºti. „tinerii” au început ã politice conduc Din acest motiv, s -i acuze pe membrii ºi ai Comitetului Þãrii de faptul cã nu foloseau limba românã în aceste foruri, preferând Dietei ºi nu serveau românismul în mãsura ã de 26 germana, dictat imperativele epocii . Astfel, ardeleanul ã þa publicã a Bucovinei de la sfârºitul secolului al George Bogdan-Duic , participant direct la via ã, în Dietã, þiunea românã ã, ci „boierii” români27 XIX-lea, aprecia c nu na era reprezentat . þumiþi de politica ã þionalã, þa unor acþiuni ferme ºi Nemul promovat de elita tradi de absen între membrii conducerii societãþii „Concordia” ºi unii deputaþi ai de accentuarea disensiunilor ºi Parlamentului imperial28 în contextul înfiinþãrii unor comisii în vederea ãrii Dietei , reorganiz þional Român, „ ” în frunte cu Geor ºi Partidului Na gruparea tinerilor , ge Popovici Iancu Flondor, în anul 1897, într „p s-a constituit, -un comitet cu scopul de a contribui la structurarea unui artid þional ”29 ã facþiune – ã ulterior drept Partid Poporal Naþional Român na puternic .
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