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Contents Nat.lonai Park System Background 5 Nomenclature of Park System Areas 6 Designation of Wilderness Areas 3 Parks in the Nation's Capital 9 Large Additions in 9 Administration 10 Statistical Summary 10 ·> Descriptive Listing of National Park System Areas by State 12 •.·.;

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Related Areas Affiliated Areas 65 Wild and Scenic Rivers System i 0 National Trail System 78 .. ~~ ~

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Alphabetical listing National Park System and Related Areas 82

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National Park System

The National Park System of the , now in the early years of its second century, comprises nearly 333 areas covering some 79 million acres in 49 States, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, Saipan, and the Virgin Islands. These areas are of such national significance as to justify special recognition and protec­ tion in accordance with various acts of Congress. By Act of March 1, 1872, Congress established Yellow­ stone National Park in the T errilioriies of and ll Wyoming "as a public park or pleasuring ground for the be~e1it and enjoyment of the people" and placed it "under exclusive control of the Secretary of the Interior." The founding of Yellowstone National Park began a worldwide nath')nal park movement. Today more than 100 nations contain some 1,200 national parks or equiva- lent preserves. . In tne years following the establishme~t of Yellow- stone, the United States authorized additional national parks and , most of ·them c::arved from the of t~1e West. These, also. were adminis­ ·l J { tered by the Department Qf the Interior, while other monuments and natural and historicai areas wen; admin­ istered as separate units by the War Department and the '" ·~ ···~- ·: .. ~r: :. .::1! ' -~~J~::t·~-::: ..; ., .. t ;· • I Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture. No 0 I single agency provided unified management of the varied I ! Federal parklands. ... In an Act signed on August 25, 1916, Congress estab- ! "!t•. lished in the Department of the Interior the National Park

Service to provide cohesive administration of such areas C..) . ;·:· ::: ,:~.~ :: ~;:.. .. ; under the Department's jurisdiction. The Act says: The 1 . 'i ·•. : t!t~·· - ·.. :: ·# ~ I service thus established shall promote and regulate the use of the Federal areas known as national parks, monuments and reservations . . . by such mecms and ~~·§t~.;::·>'.: :1 measures as conform to the fundamental purpose of the • .~.t. • •·t I 't , .. \ .. . > ' said parks, monuments and reserv.r1tions, which purpose

i is lo conserve the sceneJy and the, natural and historic \ • ,: I .t• ~:~~~~~,;~ rsbjects and the wild life therein and to provide tor the

:·~' "njoyment of the same in such manner and by such i ~:, I ... -. m9ans as will/eave them _unimpaired for the enjoyment ~ \· ;. ~ .. ... • I of future generations. ! l An Executive Order in 1933 transferred 63 national 3 monuments and military sites from the Forest Service 'l and the War Department to the . ..• 1 This action was a major step in the development of today's truly national system of parks-a system that ·'' '· •. !J ' t~· ,, includes areas of his.torical as well as scenic and scientif- .. ' . . ic importance . Daniel Chesler French's colossal st&tue of Abraham Congress declared in the General Authorities Act of - commands the east entrance to the In , D.C. 1970 '\hat the Natior.al Park System, which began with 5

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the establishment of Yellowstone.National Park in 1872, A national is intended to preserve rat least has since grown to include superiative natural, historic, one nationally significant resource. It is usually smaller and recreation areas in every region ... and that it is the than a national pmk and lacks its diversity of attractions·. purpose of this Act to include all such areas in the In 197 4, Big Cypress and Big Thicket were authorized System .•. .'' as the first national preserves. This category is estab­ Additions to the National Park System are now gener­ lished primarily for the pfotection of cert~in resources. ally made through acts of Congress, and national parks Activities such as hunting and fishing or the extraction of, can be created only through such acts. But the minerals and fuels may be permitted if th~y do not has authority, under the Antiquities Act of 1906, to jeopardize the natural values. proclaim national monuments on lands already under Preserving shoreline areas and off-shore islandz, the Federal jurisdiction. The Secretary of the Interior is usual­ national lakeshores and national seastiore.s focus on ly asked by Congress for his recommendations on pro­ the preservation of natural values whilo. ac: the same time posed additions to the System. The Secretary is providing water-oriented recreation. Although national counseled by the National Park System Advisory Board,, lakeshai'es can be established on any natural freshwater composed of private citizens. which advises him on' lake, the existing four are all located on the Great Lakes. possible additions to the System and policies for its The national seashores are on ~he Atlantic, Gulf, ahd management. Pacific coasts. National rivers and wild and scenic rlverways pre­ serve ribbons of land bordering on rree-flowing streams ,-~ i which have not been dammed, channelized, or otherwise Nomenclature of Park Service Areas altered by man. Besides preserving rivers in th~ir natural The diversity of the parks is reflected in the vanety of state, these areas provide oppa1rtunities for outdoor activ­ titles given to them. These include such designations as ities such an hiking, canoeing. and hunting. national park, nationa! preserve, national monument, na­ Although best known for its great scer.1ic parks, more tional memorial, national historic side, national seashore, than half the areas of the National \Park System pmserve and national battlefield park. places and commemorate persons, events. and activities Although some titles are self-explanatory, others have important in the Nation's history. These range from been used in many different ways. For example, the title archeological sites associated with prehistoric Indian 14 national monument" has been given to great natural civilizations to sites related to the lives of modern Ameri­ reservations, historic military fortifications, prehistoric ru­ cans. Historical areas are customarily preserved or re­ ins, fossil sites, and to the . stored to reflect their appearance during 1he period e>f In recent years, Congress and the National Park Serv­ their greatest historical significance. ice have attempted, with some success, to simplify the In recent years, national historic site has been the nomenclature and to establish basic criteria for use of the title most commonly applied by Congress in authorizing different official titles. Brief definitions of the most com­ the addition of such areas to the National Park System. A mon titles follow. wide variety of titles-national m.Jiitary park, nation31 Areas added to the National Park System for their battle!lield par-k, national battlefield site, and national natural values are expanses or features of land or water battlefield-has been used for areas associated with of great scenic and scientific quality and are usually American military history. But other areas such as na­ designated as national parks, monuments, preserves, tional monuments and national hlstorlca'l parks may seashores, lakeshores, or riverways. Such areas con~ain, include features associated with military history. National one or more distinctive attributes such as forest, grass­ historlca~ parks ,ue commonly areas of greater physi:.,;al land, tundra, desert, estuary, or river systems; they may extent and complexity than national historic sites. contain "windows" on the for a view of geological The title national memorial is most often used for history, imposing landforms such as mountains, mssas, areas that are primarily commemorative, But they need thermal ar.eas, and caverns, and they may be habitats of not be sites or structures historically associated with their abundant or rare wildlife and plantlife. subjects. For example, the home of in Generally, a national park covers a large area. It Springfield, IIi., is a national historic site, but the Lincoln contains a variety of resources and encompasses suffi­ Memorial in the District of Columbia is a national memorial. \cient land or water to ensure adequate protection of the Several areas administ·ered by National Capital Region \; f9sources. whose titles do not include the words national memoria!

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are nevertheless classified as memorials. TheRa are John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, dncoh equipment or motorboats, no landing of aircraft. no other Memorial, Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove un form of .mechanical transport, and no structure or installa­ the Potomac, Theodore Roosevelt Island, Thomas Je.f­ tion." Wilderness areas are open to hiking and, in some ferson Memorie:tl, and the -all in cases, horseback riding, primitive camping, and similar the District of Columbia. pursuits. Originally, national rel~reation areas in the Park Sys­ rem were units surrounding reservoirs impounded by dams built by other Federal agencies. The Nationa1! Park Parks In the Nation's Capital Service manages many of these areas under coopemtive agreements. The concept of recreational areas has As the Nation's Capital, Washington has a unique park grown to encompass other lands and wa~ers set asid\'3 for system. Most of the public parks are administered by the recreational use by acts of Congress· and now includes Federal Government through National Capital Region of major areas in urban centers. There are also national ihe National Park Service. recreation areas outside the National Park System that Natinnal Capital Region has inherited. duties originally are administered by the Forest Service, U.S. Department s~sig~ed to three Federal Commissioners appointed by of Agriculture. President Washington in 1790. The city's · parks were National parkways encompass ribbons of land flank­ administered by a variety of Federal agencies until this ing roadways and offer an opportunity for leisurely driving responsibility was assigned to the National Park Service through areas of scenic interest. They are not designed under the Reorganization Act of 1933. Most parklands in -~' '! for high speed point-to-point travel. Besides the areas set the city are included in the Federal holdings, although the' ' ' aside as parkways, other units of the National Park District of Columbia also operates parks, playgrounds, System include parkways within their boundaries. and recreational facilities. Two areas of the National Park System have been set National Capital Region also administers several Na­ aside primarily as sites for the performing arts. These tional Park SyGtem units i;"f Maryland, , and West are Wolf Trap Farm Park for the Performing Arts, Va., Virginia, which are shown in this booklet iP the listing by America's first such national park, and the John F. States. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, D.C. Two histori­ cal areas, Ford's ·rheatre National Historic Site, D.C., and Chamizal National Memorial, Tex., also provide facilities for the performing arts. Large Additions In Alaskii The acreag~ of the Na~ional Park System has been more t!lan doubled during the past few years because of one factor-the huge additions made in Alaska. On. June Designation of Wilderness Areas 30, 1977, the size of the Park System was approximately In the t'!-'Hderness Act of 1964, Congress directed three 31.3 million acres. On December 1, 1978, President Federal agencies, including the National Park Service, to Jimmy Carter bXercised his authority under the Antiqui­ study certain lands within their jurisdiction to determine ties Act of 1906 to proclaim os units of the National Park ihe suitability of these lands for inclusion in the National System 11 new national monuments in Alasl

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Administration . ·,•;J . The National Park Service administers the System through ten R1eglonal Offices. The 1ddre"e1 of I /~.,----,"· .... these offices and their areas of responsibility are: I ~· ·',1" t~ ~~!lrth Atlantic Regional Office Southeast Regional Office Southweat Regional Office 15 StaleSt. Richard B. Russell Federal P.O. Box 728 Boston, MA 02109 Bldg. & U.S. Courthouse Santa. Fe, NM 87501 ,[\ (Maine, New Hampshire, Ver­ 75 Spring St., SW (Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, mont, Massachusetts, Rhode Atlanta, GA 30303 Oklahoma, New Mexico, Island, Connecticut, , (, , North northeast corner of ) ~~ New Jersey) Carolina, , Mis­

-''• ~issippi, Alabama, Georgia, Western Regional Office ::..,""'''".~'; Mid-Atlantic Regional Office , Puerto Rico, Virgin Box 36063 143 South Third St. Islands) 450 Golden Gate Ave. , PA 19106 San Francisco, CA 94102 (, Maryland, Midwest Regional afflce (, Nevada, most of , Delaware, Vir­ 1709 Jackson St. Arizona, Hawaii) ginia. ·excluding parks as- Omaha, NE 68102 signed to National Capital (Ohio, Indiana, , Wis­ Pacific Northwest Realonal Region) consin, Illinois, , Office . Iowa, , Nebraska, 2001 6th,!-\:te. Na~lonal Capital R~glonal Kansas) Seattle, WA 9812t Offllce (, Oregon, Wash!r.gton) - .. . .,.., , -4! 1100 'Ohio Dr., SW Rocky Mou~tali\ Regional. ·-r Washington, DC 20242 Office l Alaakit Aeglon•l Office I (District of Columbia, some P.O. Box 25287 .540 West 5th Avenue units in Maryland, Virginia, Denvef, CO 80225 Room 202 ; -1 l West Virginia) (Montana, North Dakota, Anchorage, AK 99501 I I '·i I South Dakota, Wyoming, Uta!>, ~ Colorado) i I \' ! ------~------· ~· -·------~ I Statistical Summary

!. CIMsslflcatlon Number Acreage• ~ ··~}. l ! -· ,., f National Parks 48 .:\6,~~~400.81 l National Monumel)ts 78 ...,{.)93,988.34 . j Natic.nal Preserves 12 :1:1,993,2;19.01 National lakeshoites 4 197,907.88 / l National Rivers (includes Wild and Scanlc 1D 525,747.88 J Rivers and Ri·1erways) Nalicmal Seashor~s 11 601,639.61 National Hlstnric Sites 62 17,380.71 "I National M~moriais 23 8,228.10 i Nation~J Military Parks ~0 34,66822 ?\ ! National Battlefield Parks 3 8,166.80 ·~· I National Battlefields 10 11,037.62 1 National Battlefield Site 1 1.00 1 National Cemeleri•$S (includes Administrative Sites) 2 >,' .(. lI National 'Hi!ltorical Parks 26 150,254.21 'National Recreation Areas 17 3,659,040.12 l National Parkwa~s 4 Hi3.442.29 ol National Scenic 'Trail 1 52,634.25 "j Parks (other) 10 32,026.39 . 1 ~ 6,468.88 While House 1 18.07 1 146.35 I - .::;:;~~-! 333 79,017,972.54 1 Acreages as of Jafluaty 1, 1982. • c :l 2 Administered in conjunction w/111 associated National Park System units; ::l not listod separately in this publicalton: acreage 1',616.35.

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Alabama the allctlc coastline along the Chukchi Sea. NO FEDERAl FACILinES. Proclaimed Dec. 1, 1978. Boundary change: Dec. 2, 19BO. Acreag\rJ-656,685' Federal: 560,000 Nonlederal: 96,683. Hortleshc.e aen.ti Gen. Andrew ,Jackson's forces broke the power of the Creek Indian National Mi!llary Park Confederacy and opened Alabama and other parte of the O!d Southwest Denali The park contains North America's highest mountain, ·,20,320-foot Mount R.oute 1, Box 103 to after fierce fighting here Mar. 27, 1814, in the battle on the settlcm~nt National Park and Preser1e McKinley. Large glaciers ol the Alaska Range, caribou, OaU sheep, Oaviston, Al 36256 Tallapoosa River. P.O. Box 9 moose, grizzly bears, and timber wolves are other highlights of this AuthoritGd July 25, 1956. McKinley Park, AK 99755 national park and preserve. Acreage-2,040.00, all Federal Established as i..1t. McKinley National Park Feb. 26, 1917. Established as Denali National and Prsserve Dec. 1980. Wilderness designated Ne,tchez Trace Parkway Pu~k 2, (Ses Mississippi) • Dec. 2, 1980. Boundary changes: Jan. 30, 1922; Mar. 19,.1932. Russell Cave Acreage-National park: 4,698,583, all Federal National prese/Ve: An almost continuous archeological record of human habitation from at 1,335,380 Federal: 996,910 Nonfederal: 338,470. Wilderness area: National Monument least "/000 B.C. to about A.D. 1650 Is revealed in this cava. 1,900,000. Route I, Box 175 Proclai.,,Hd May 11, 1961. Bridgeport. Al 357 40 Ar·,age-310.45, all Fsderal Gates of the Arctic lying entirety ncrth of the Arctic Circle, the park and preserve Includes a National Park and Preaervo portion of the Central , the northernmost extension of the Tuskegee Institute Booker T. Washington founded this college for black Americans in 1881. P.O. Box 74680 Rocky Mountains. Often referred to as th;a greatest remaining wilderness National Historic Site Preserved !Jere are the brick buildings the students constructed them­ Fairbanks, AK 99707 In North America, this the N3tion's second largest unit of the National 399 Old Montgomery Road selves, W01shington's home, and the Carver MiJ?iP· Park System, Is characterized by jagged peaks, gentle arctic valleys, wild Tuskegee Institute, Al um, An antebellum mansion seNes as park headquarters and visitor rivers, and numerous lakies. Thai forested southetn slopes contrast to the 36088 center. barren northern teaches of the site at the ed!lle of Alaska's "north slope." Authorized Oct. 26, 1974. The par1t and preser11e containa the Alatna:, Joh~. Kobuk, part· of the ,. Acreage-74.39 Federal· 24.09 Nonlederal· 5tF. JO. -··· ...... "'\ Noatak. the North Fork ol the Koyukuk, arid the Tinayguk Wild Rivers. NO -' FEDERAL FACILITIES. Proclaimed Gatos of the Arctic National Monument Dec. 1, 1978; estab­ lished as a national park and preserve Dec. 2, 1980. Wilderness desig­ nated Dec. 2, 1960. I I 1 Acreage-ltJstional park: 7,498,066 Fedoral· 7,008,673 Noofedera!.· 489,393. National preseiVe: 943,327, all Federal. Wildr1mess area: A~aska 4,801,000.

Great tidewater glaciers, dramatic range of plant communities from Alagnak Wild River The J\lagnak River flows from Kubalek lake in Katmal Glacier Balf a rock~ terrain rec

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I :remnants.of '''drowned" mountains. h ... ·a a rich varied rein forest ill home Wrangell-St. I!Ua• The Ch~gach, Wrangoii, and St. Elias mountain ranges converge here In l to sea lions. sea ott9rs, seals, and tet:s of thousands of breeding birds, National Park and Pres0rve what is often referred to .as the "mountnin kingdom of North America." 1 including pullins, murres, and auklets. NO FEDERAL FACILITIES. P.O. Box 29 The largest unit of ~he National Park System, and a day's drive east oi Proclaimed Ker.al Fiords National Monument Dec. 1, 1978; establtshed as Glenn Allen, AK 99588 Anchorage, the park and preserve includes lhe continent's largest as· } a national park Dec. 2, 1980. serrtb1age of glaciers and the greatest collection of peaks abov~ 16,000 l Acreage-676,667 Federai.: 567,000 Nonfederal· 109,667. feet, including Moun\' St. Elias. At 18,008 feet it is the second highast ! j peak in the U.S. J\djacent to Canada's Kluane National Park, the site Is I Klondike Gold Rush Historic buildings In Skagway and portions o' Chllkco! and While Pass characterized by its remote mountains, valleys, and wild rivers, all iich in ~ National Historical Park Trails, all prominent in the 1898 gold rush, are included in the park. their concentrations Jf wildlife. NO FEDERAL FACILITIES. P.O. Box 517 LIMITED FEDERAL FACILITIES. Proclaimed as Wrr1ngeii-St. Elias National Monument Deo, 1, 1978; r Skagway, AK 99840 Established June 30, 1976. established as a national park and preserve Dec. 2, 1980. Wilderness t (Sea also W... ..;hington) Acreage-13,271 Federal" 11,745 Nonfederal: 1,52(]. designated Dec. 2, 1980. l Acreage-National park: 8,331,406' Federal: 7,445,047 Nanfederal· Kobuk Valley National Park Embracing the central valley of the , the park, located entirely 886,359. National pre-:.eNe: 4,872.953, all Federal. Wilderness area: f l Genera! iQ£~1htery north of the Arctic I Circle, includes a blend of biological, geological, and 8,700,000. Kotzebue, AK 99752 cultural resources. Here, in the northmost e)(tent. of the boreal forest, a rich array of arctic wildlife can be found, including critical caribou migra­ Yukon-Charley Rivera Located along the (.\Qnadian border In central Alaska, the preserve l tion routes, grizzly and black bear, wolf, and Uo)(. The 25-square-mlle National Preserve protects 115 miles of tha 1800-mile and the entire 88-mi!o I Great Kobuk Sand Dures rise 10(), feet above the surrounding arctic P.O. Bo)( 64 basin. Numerous old cabins and relics are reminders of the ter{ain, just south of :ha placid Kobuk River. Archeological sites revealing Eagle, AI'C 99738 importance of tt.e Yukon River during the 1898 gold rush. Paleontological ·, more than 10,000 years of human occupation, are among ~he most a:nd archeological sites here add much to our knowledge of man and his significant silas known !:l tha Arctic. The park contains the Salmon Wild environment thousanct~ of years ago. Peregrine falcons nest in· the high River. NO FEDERAL 1FACILITIES. blulfs overlooking, tho river, while the rolling hills that make up the Proclaimed Kobuk Va~ley National Monument DE!c. 1, 197ft established preserve are home to a rich array ol wildlife. The Charley, a wild river, is as a national park Dec. 2, 1980. Wilderness designated DeiC. 2, 19BO. considered by many to be the beGt whitewater river in Alaska. NO ,: JJI" ~. li It "• Acreage-1,749,037 Federal- 1,710.000 Nonfedersl: 39,037. Wilder­ FEDERAL FACILITIES. ness area: 190,000. Proclaimed Yukon-Charlt:y National Monument Dec. 1, 1978; established as a national preserve Dec. 2, 1980. Clark La.'

Sitka National Tha site of the 1804 fort and battle which marked the last major Tllnglt Historical Park Indian resistance'·to Russian coloni?alion is preseMid here. Tlingit totem P.O. Boll: 738 poles are e)(hibited. Sitka, AK 99835 Proclaimed Mar. 23, 1910; designated a national historic&i park Oct. 18, 1972. Boundary changes: Feb. 25, 1952; Oct. 18, 1972. Acreage-107.71 Federal· 107.05 Nonfederal· 0.66. 14 15 . ·· ---· - · ; .~ - '-/ (- -. .. . ·. -.. ·o·. .:o· . .. ·.--· o.·.. . . . ' : ' . ,. :"! - ' ' " .;.:• . •

~!II! I I.~J.fl·~,~··-·-·-··----~---·-----_,_, __ __..,.._,.,..,...... ,.... -~ ; ....,...... ,. ~ /!""""""' ~ ~~' ~ ~~ ~ !,- ~"-- -E---~-- .,.. ... ···J::·....,.. ·-·-1;~ r-- roo-- f, ~, r- !;- c ~ - - ~ (. ,J \ -·.j . (J"''~=,j Coronado National Memorial · · Jr Hispanic and the first EuroJ>ean exploration of the South· Org111n Pipe Cactua Sonorao Desert plants and animals found nowhere else In the United Route 1, Box 125 · st. by Francisco Vasquez de Coronado in 1540-42, are commemorat­ National Monument States are pro!ected here, and traces of a historic trail, Camino del Dlab~o. -~ Hereford, AZ 85615 .., here, near the point where Coronado's expedition entered what is now Route 1, Box 100 Proclaimed Apr. 13, 1937. Wilderness designated Nov. 10, 1978. the United Slates. Ajo, AZ 85321 Acreage-330,688.86 Federal.· 329, f99. tO Nonfederal· f,489.76. Authorized as International Memorial Aug. 18, 1941; redesignated July 9, fi "1 Wilderness ares: 312,600. ·I 1952; established Nov. 5, 1952. Boundary changes; Sept. 2, 1960; Nov. 10, 1978. , Petrified Forest Treas that have petrified, or changed to mulllcolored stone, Indian ruins l Acreage-4,674. t6. all Federal. ·J National Park and &, and portions of the colorful Painted Desert are features Petrified Forest National of the park. Fo~Bowle Es!ablished in 1862, this fort was the focal point of military operations Park, AZ 86028 Proclaimed as a national monument Dec. 8, 1906; established as a National Historic Site against Geronimo and his band of Apaches. The ruins can be reached national park Dec. 9, 1962. aoundaiY chal'?,es: July 31, 1911; Nov. 14, P.O. Box 158 only by trail. 1930: Nov. 30, 1931; Sept. 23, 1932; Mal. 28, 1958. Wilderness desig· Bowie, AZ 85605 Authorized Aug. 30, 1964; established July 29, 1972. naiad Oct. 23, 1B70. I Acreage-1,000,, all Federal. Acreage-93,492.57, all Federal. Wilderness area: 50,260. l Glen Canyon Pip~ Spring The historic {ort and other structures, built here by Mormon pioneers, National Monument memorialize the struggle for eJ

Montezuma Castle One of !he best-preserved cliff dwellings in the United Siltier-, this 5-story, Walnut Canyon Ther4'l cliff dwelings were bull! In shallow caves under ledges of limestone National ldonument 20-room castle is 90 percent intact. Montezuma Well is also of archeo­ National ~onl.!ml"nt by Pueblo Indians about 600 years ago. P.O. Box 219 logical and geclc.gical interest. Route 1, Box 25 Proclaimed Nov. 30, 1915; transferred from Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Camp Verde, AZ 136322 Proclatmr:l Dec. 8, 1906. Boundary changes: Feb. 23, 1937; Oct 19, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 Agriculture, Aug. 10, 1933. Boundary change: Sept. 24, 1938. 1943; Apr. 4, 1947; Juna 23. 1959; Nov. 10, 1978. Acreage-2,249.48 Federal.· 2,01 t.S2 Nonledarsl: 237.84. Acroage-849.75 Federal: 832.92 Nonfodaral: 16.83. Wupatkl National Monument Ruins of red sandstone pueblos buiii by fsumlng Indians about A.D. 1065 NavaJo National Monument Betatakin, Keel Seel, and Inscription House are three of the largest and Tuba Star Route are preserved here. The modern Hopi lno.ans are believed to be partly Tonalea, AZ 86044 most elaborate cliff dwellings known. Flagstaff. AZ 66001 descended from lhasa people. Proclaimed Mar. 20, 1909. Boundary change: Mar. 14, 1912. Procl. :oPi'd Dec. 9, 1924. Boundary changes: July 9, 1937; Jan. 22, 1941; Acreago-360.00, all Federal. Aug. 10, 1961. Acreage-35,253.24, all Federal.

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park, March 5, 1960. Boundary changGs: June 10, 1949; May 15, 1R?O; Oct. 25, 1978. '· Acreage-249,353.77 Federal: 10,877.82 Nonfederal· 238,465.95. ~ {/ Arkanau Poa~ On this site the first permanent French settlement In the Lower Mississip­ I National Memor:lal pi Valle_y was founded in 1666. Daath Valley This larga desert, ·nearly surrounded by high mountains, contair.s the Aou!e 1, Sox 16 Authorized July 6, 1960. National Monument lowest point in the Westem Hemisphere. The are.a includes Scotty's Gillett, AA 72055 Acreage-389.18 Federal: 38,5. i 1 Nonfedersl· 4.07. Death Valley, CA 92326 Castle, the grandiose home of a famous prospector, and other ramnanta (Also in Nev.) of gold ar.d borax mining activity. R~ffalo Nallanal Al\'er Olle1ing both swiU-running and placid stretches, the Is one of the Proclaim~d Feb. 11, 1933. Boundal)' changes: Mar. 26, 1937; Jan. 17, P.O. Box 1173 few remaining unpolluted, free-flowing rivers in the !ower 46 States. It 1952. Harrison, .!\R 72601 courses through multicolo~ed bluffs and past numerous springs along its Acreage-2,067,627.611 Federal: 2,048.884.32 (1,938,071.59 in Calif.; 132-mila length. 110,812.73 in Nell.) Nonfcderal· 18. 743.36. Authorized Mar. 1, 1972. Wilderness designated Nov. 10, 1976. Acreage-94, 146.00 Federal: 73,151.41 Nonfedera!: 20,994.59. Devils Poslplle Hot lava cealed and cracked some 900,000 years ago to form basalt Wilderness Area: 10,529. National Monument columns 40 to 60 feet high resembling a giant pipe organ. The c/o Sequoia and Kings Trail between Yosemite and Kings Canyon National Parks crosses the Fort Smith One of the first U.S. military posts In the Louisiana Territory, the fort was a Canyon National Parks monument. Natlon~i Hletorlc Site center of n:.1thority for the untam'ed region to the West from 1817.Jo 1896. Three Rivers. CA 93271 Proclaimed July 6, 1911; \ransferred from Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of P.O. Box 1406 Authorized Sept. 13, 1961. Boundary change: Oct. 21, 1976. Agriculture, Aug. 10, 1933. Fort Smllh, AR 72902 Acreage-153.04 Federal· 16.18 {16. 18 in Ao:-k.; none in Okla.) Acreage-798.46. all Federal (Also in Oklahoma) Nonfederal: 46.86. Eugene O'Neill Tao House, near Danville, Calif., was buill for Eugene O'Neill, who lived Hot Springs National Park Although tha 47 thermal springs fluctuate in flow from 750,000 to 950,000 National Historic Site here tram 1937 to 1944. Se•Jeral of his best known plays including "The P.O. Box 1860, Ho~ Springs gallons a day, the temperature remains near 143•F yeat round. Persons c/o Eugene O'Neill Founda.~ton Iceman Cometh" and "Long Day's Journey Into Night" 'l.'ere written National Park, AR 71901 suffering from illness or injury often seek relief In the ancient tradition of 261 Li11oma Heights Rd. here-now a memorial to the playwright and a future pa. k for the

:~ r .,_~i•t thermal bathing. Alamo, CA 94507 .. ~"'' -~ performing arts. NOT OPEN TO THE PUBLIC. Hot Spnng Reservetlon set aside Apr. 20, 1&32; ded!cated to public use Authorized Oct. 12, 1976. as a park June 16, 1880; redesignated as national park Mar. 4, 1921. Acreage-14 Federal: 13.19 Nontedaral: .81. Boundary changes: June 22, 1892; May 23, 1906; June 5, 1924; June 25, 1930; Feb. 14, 1931; June 15, 1936; June 24, 1936; Aug 10, 1939; Aug. Fort Point This classic brick and granite mid-19th-century coastal fortification is the i l 24, 1954; Aug w. 1956; Sept. 21, 1959. National Historic Site largest on the west coast of North America. :I I Acreage-5,826.48 Federal: 4,573.85 Nonfederal· 1,252.63. P.O. Box 29333, Presidio Established Oct. 16, 1970. of San Francisco, CA 94129 Acreage-29.00, all Federal Pea Ridge 'The Union victory here on Mar. 7-8, 1862, in one of the major engage­ National Military Park lments of the Civil War west of the Mississippi, led to the Union's total Golden Gate The park encompasses shoreline areas of S;:~.n Francisco and Marin Pea Ridge, AR 72751 control of Missouri. Natlomi! Recreation Area Counties, including ocean beaches, redwood forest, lagoons, marshes, Authorized July 20, 1956. fort Mason ships of the National Maritime Museum, historic military properties, a Acreage-4,30J.35 Federal: 4,278.75 Nonfederal: 21.60. San Francisco, CA 94123 cultural center at Fort Mason, and Alcatraz Island, ::oile of a lamQYs penitentiary. Established: Oct 27, 1972. Boundary changes: Dec. 26, 1974; Nov. 10, 1978. Acreage-38,677 Federal: 23,966 Nonfederal: 14,711.

John Mu!;o Tho home of John Muir and adjacent Martinez Adobe corr.memorate California National Historic Slle Muir's contribution to conservation and literature .. 4202 Alhambra Ave. Authorized Aug. 81, 1964. Martinez, CA 94553 Acreage-8.90, all Federal. Cabrlllo National Monument Juan Rodriguez C~bri11c1, PortutJ•Jese explorer who clalmeo the West P.O. Box 6670 Coast on the United States for Spain in 1542, is memorialized here. Gray Joshua Tree A representative stand of Joshua·trees and a great variety of plants and San Diego, CA 92106 whales migrate offshorre1durlng the winter. Old Point Lorna Lighthouse is National Monument animals, inclwJing the desert bi~~lOrn, exist in this desert region. restored! to its mo:st a!ctive period-the 1860s. Tidepools found, on the 74485 National Monument Dr. Proclaimed Aug. 10, 1936. Boundary .changes: Sept. 25, 1950; June 30, west side of the 1parl~ ;ara excellent for studying southern Cal'ifornia Twentynine Palms, CA 92277 1961. Wilderness designated Oct. 20, 1976. coastal ecology. Acreage-559,959.19 Federal: 548,671.39 Nanfederal: 11,288.40. P:ociaimed Oct. 1:4, 1!9~3; transferred from War Dept. Aug. 10, 1933. Wilderness area: 429,690. Boundary changes: Feb. 2. 1959; Sept. 28~ 1974. Acreage-143.94, all lrederal Kings Canyon National Park Two enormous canyons of the and•.th~ summit peaks of the Three Rivers, CA 93271 High S1erra dominate this mountain wildernest>. General Grove, Channellsl.!lnda The park consists •of five islands off southern California: Anacapa, S!ln with its giant sequoias, is a detached section of: the park. National Park Miguel, :Santa Barbara!, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa. On these Islands Generai!Grant National Park established Oct. 11, 1690; redesignated and 1699 Anchors Way Dr. you can find nesting 1sea bids, sea lion rookeries, and unique plants. combined >With additional land Mar. 4, 1940.

19

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~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ . .--. ~ ~ ~ 'I • . . ··~- t>i- t:• ~ -·- i' ~ r--- )t ,.....- -r ' - - - l 1Laaaan Volcanic lassen Peak, erupted Intermittently from 1914 to 1921. Active volcanism Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity Whiskeytown Unit with Its mountainous backccuntry and large reservoir ..~, National Park includes hot springs, steaming fumaroles, mud pols, and sulfurous vents. National Recreation Area provides a multitude of outdoor recreation opportunities. Shasta and Clair Mineral, CA 96063 Proclaimed as lassen Penk and Cinder Cone National Monuments May P.O. Box 1BF3 Engle Units are administered by Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. ·I 6, 1907; made part o( lassen Volcanic National Park whBn established on Whiskeytown, CA 96095 Authorized Nov. 8, 1965; established Oc·•• 21, 1972. t Aug. 9, 1916. Boundary changes: Apr. 26, 1928; May 21, 19:?8; Jan. 19, Acreage-42,497.45 Federal: 42.430.41 Nontederal.· 67.04. 1 1929; Apr. 19, 1930; July 3, 1930; Aug. 10, 1961; Apr.11, 1972. Wilder­ ness designated Oct. 19, 1972. Yoaem:tEI Nat!onal Park Granite peaks and c!omes rise high above broad meadows in tho heart of Acreage-106,372.22 Fed>Jral: 105.800.25 Nonfederal· 571.97. P.O. Box 577, Yosemite the Sierra Nevada; groves of giant sequoias dwarf other trees and tiny "j Wilderness area: 7£1.982. National Par!<, CA 95389 wildflowers; and mountains, lakes and waterfalls, including the Nation's highest, are found here. r Lava Beds National Monument Volcanic activity spewed forth molten rock and lava here creating an Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove granted to State June 30, 1':.\ P.O. Box 867 incred1bly rugged landscape-a natural iortress used by the Indians in the 1864; park established Oct. 1. 1890; State returned granted lands Mar. 3, '·i Tulelake, CA 96134 Modoc Indian War, 1872-73. 1905. Boundary changes: Feb. 7, 1905; June 11, 1906; Dec. 19, 1913; Prociaimed Nov. 21, 1925; transferred from Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of May 28, 1928; Apr. 14, 1930; Feb. 14, 1931; Aug. 13, 1932; July 9, 1937. l Agriculture, Aug. 10, 193.,. Boundary changes: Apr. 27, 1951; Oct. 26, El Portal si!e authorized Sept. 2, 1958. ! 1974. Wilderness designated Oct. 13, 1972. Acreage-760,917. 18 (does not include 1,391.99 scres comprising El i Acreage-46,821.33. all Federal Wilderness area: 28,460. Portal administrative site, adjacent to park). Federal: 759,197.57 Non­ l federal: 1,719.61. 1 MulrWoods This wgin stand of coast&! r~woods was named for John Muir, writer 1 National Monument and conservationist. ~ 1 Mill Valley, CA 94941 Proclaimud Jan. 9, 1908. Boundary changes: Sept. 22, 1~21; Apr. 5, ') j 1935; June 26,1951; Sept. 8, 1959; Apr. 11, 1972. Acreage-553.55 Federal· 522.98 Nonfederal: 30.57. j Pinnacles National Monument Spirelike rock formations 500 to 1,200 feet high, with caves and a variety Colorado ~-~•· ....~Paicines, CA 95043 of volcanic features, rise above the smooth contours of the surrounding countryside, 1 Proclaimed Jan.. 16, 1908. Boundary changes: May 7, 1923; July 2, 11924; Bent's Old Fort As a principal outpost of civilization on the Southern Plains in the early Apr. 13. 1931; July 11, <}33; Dec. 5, 194~; Oct. 20, 1976. Wilderness National Historic Site 1800s and rendezvous for Indians, the post became the center of a vast i i designated Oct. 20, 197f 35110 Highway 194 East fur-trading empire in the West. I Acreage-16,221.77 Federal: 14,965.72 Nonfedersl: 1,256.05. La Junta, CO 81 050 Authorized June 3, 1960. Boundary change: Nov. 10, 1978. IA'Jidemess area: 12.952. Acreage-800.00 Federal: 178.00 Nonfederal: 622.00.

Point Reyes l his peninsula near San Francisco is noted for its long beaches backed Black Canyon of the Gu~nlson Shadowed depths of lhis sheer-walled canyon accentuate the darkness National Seashore by tall cliffs, lagoons and esteros, forested ridges, and offshore bird .and National Monument of ancient rocks of obscure origin. Point Reyes, CA 94956 sea lion colonies. Part of the area remains a private pastoral zone. P.O. Box 1648 Proclaimed Mar. 2, 1933. Boundary changes: May 16, 1938; Oct. 28, Authorited Sept. 13, 1962. Established Oct. 20, 1972. Boundary changes: Mont~ose, CO 81401 1939: Apr. 13, 1960. Wilderness designated Oct. 20, 1976. Dec. 26, 1974; Nov. 10, 1978; March 5, 1980. Wilderness designated Oct. Acreage-13,672. 13 Federal· 13,363.14 Nontederal· 308.99. 18, 1976. Wilderness area; 11,180. Acreage-67.265.22 Federal· 61,446.69 Nonfederal: 5.818.53. Land areu: 53,883.98. Wilderness area: 25.370. • Colorado National Mont!ment Sheer-walled canyons, towering monoliths, weird formations, dinosaur Frwta, CO 81521 fossiis, and remains of prehistoric Indian cultures reflect the environment Redwood Nallonat Park Coastal redwood fores!s with virgin groves of ancient trees, including the and history oi this colorful sandstone country. 1111 Second Street world's tallest, live in a mixture of sun and fog. The park includes 40 miles Proclaimed May 24, ~911. Boundary changes: Mar. 3, 1933; Aug. 7, 1959; Crescent City, CA 95531 of sc~:uic Pacific coastline. Oct. 21, 1976; Nov. 10, 1978. Established Oct. 2, 1968. Boundary change: March 27, 1978. Designated Acreage-20.449.87 Federa/:'19,91 8.53 .JNonfederal: .531.34. a World Heritage Site, Sept. 2, 1980. Acreage~109,225.54 Federal: 74,313.90 Nonfederal: 34,941.M. Cun:cantl Three lakes-Blue Mesa, Morrow Point, and Crystal-extend for 40 miles Land area: .106,000. National Recreation Area along the Gunnison River. When full, Blue Mesa Lake, with a surfacs area. P.O. Box 1040 of 14 square miles, is the largest lake in Colorado. Santa Monica Mountains Th1s park is a large, rugged landscape, coveted with chaparral, fronting Gunnison, CO 61230 Administered under cooperative agreement with Bureau of Reclamation, National Recreation Area on the sandy beaches north of los Angeles. The area will provide U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Feb. 11, 1965. 23018 Ventura Blvd. recreational opportunities within easy reach of millions .in southern Califor­ Acreage-42. 114.47, all Federal. Woodland H11ts, CA 91364 nia LIMITED FEDERAL FACILITIES. Established Nov. 10, 1978. Dinosaur National Monument Spectacular canyons were cut by ihe Green and Yampa Rivers through Acreage-150,000 Federal· 3,000 Nonfederal· 147.000. P.O. Box 210 upfolded mountains. A quarry contains fossil remains of dinosaurs and Dinosaur, CO 81610 other ancient animals. Seq:Jola National Park Great groves of giant sequoias, the world's Wrges: living things, Mineral (Also in ) Proclaimed Oct. 4, 1915 Boundary changes: July 14, 1938; Sept. 8, 1960; ·Three Rivers, CA 9327i Kmg Valley, and Mount Whitney, the highest,rnountain in the U.S. outside Feb. 21, 1963; Oct. 9, 1964; Nov. 10, 1978. ot Alaska, are spectacular attractions here in !.lle High Sierra. Acreage-211,060.70 Federal: 203,814.92 (165,350.57 in Colo.; Established Sept. 25, 1690. Boundary chanfjes. Oct. 1, 1690; Juiy 3, 38,464.35 in Utah) Nonfederal· 7,424.28. 1926; Dec. 21, 1943; July 21, 1949; Oct. 19, 1951; Ai..'{! 14, 1958; Nov. 10, 1978. Actdayo-403,023.00 Federal' 402.107.51 Nonfederal· 915.49.

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Florissant Fossil Beds A wealth ol fossiiiOf.ects. seeds, and leaves of the Oligocene Period are Ford's The11tre On Apr. 14, 1865, President Lincoln was shot while attending a show National Monument preserved here ln remarkable detail. Here, too, is an unusual display of National Hlatorfc Site here. He was carried across the street to the , whore he P.O. Box 185 standing petrified sequoia stumps. 511 Tenth St., NW Florissant, CO 80816 Authorized Aug. 20, 1969. died the next morning. The theatre contains the Olroyd Collection of I Washington, DC 20004 Uncolniana. Acreage-5.998.09. Federal.· 5,992.32 Nonfedera/: 5.77. Act of Apr. 7, 1866, provided for purchase of Ford's Theatre by Federal Govamment; designation changed to Lincoln Museum Feb. 12, 1932; ,, Great Sand Dunes Among the largest and highest in the United States, these dunes were redesignated Ford's Theatre (Lincoln Museum) Apr. 14, 1965. House i·l National Monument deposited over thousands of years by southwesterly winds blowing Where Lincoln Died &:..othorized June 11, 1896. Both arA:ts transferred Mosca, CO 81146 through the passes of the lolly Sangre de Cristo Mountains. from Office of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital Proclaimed Mar. 17, 1.932. Bou!'ldary changes: Mar. 12, 1946; June 7, Aug. 10, 1933; combined as Ford's Theatre National Historic Site June 1956; Nov. 10, 1978. Wilderness designated Oct. 20, 1976. 23, 1970. Boundary change: June 23, 1970. Acreage-38,951.50 Federal.· 36,426.16 Nonfederal: 2,525.34. Acreage-0.29, all Federal. Wlldemess area: 33,450. Frederick Douglaaa Home From 1877 to 1895, this was tho home of the Nation's leading 19th· o ., ; l Hovenweep National Moncment Pre-Columbian Indians built these 6 groups of towers, pueblos, and cliff 1411 W St., SE clo Mesa Verde Nationa' century b!ack spokesman. He was U.S. minister to Haiti, 1889. dwellings. Washington, DC 20020 Park. Mesa Verde National Authorizoo Sept. 5, 1962. Proclaimed Mar. 2, 1923. Boundruy changes; Apr. 26, 1951; Nov. 20, Acreage-8.08, all Federal. , Park, CO 81330 1952; Apr. 6, 1956. (Also in Utah) Acreage-785.43, all Federal (345.43 in Colo.; 440.00Jin Utah). John F. Kennedy Center Cultural events are presented in this structure designed by Edward Durell for the Performing Arts Stone. The building contains the Eisenhower Theater. a concert hall, an Mesa Verde Nallonal Park These pre-Columbian cliff dwellings and other works of early man are the Mesa Verde National National Park Service, opera house, the American Film Institute Theater, the Terrace Theater, most notable and best preserved in the United States. 2700 F St., NW and restaurants. Park. CO 81330 Established June 29, 1906. Boundary ~hanges: June 30, 1913; May 27, Washington, DC 20566 Authorized as National Cultural Center, Sept. 2, 1958; name changed 1932; Dec. 23, 1963. Wilderness designated Oct. 20, 1976. Designated a Jan. 23, 1964; nonperforming arts functions transferred from Smithsonian World Heritage Site, Sept 6, 1978. ' ,.,,.,,, ,._ ...... lll!;$i4Mi Institution to National Park Service June 16, 1972. Acreage-52,085.14 Federal.· 51,894.27 Nonfederal: 190.87. Wilder­ Acreage-17.50, all Federal. ness area: 8, 100. Lincoln Memorial Rocky Mounb.ln National Park This classical structure of great beauty contains a marble seated statue Tho park's rich scenel)l, typifying the massive grandeur of the Rocky c/o National Capital Region, 19 feet high of the Great Emancipator by sculptor Daniel Chaster Frencll. Estes Park, CC 805.17 Mountains, is accessit.le by Trail Ridge Road, '~'!hich crosses the Conti· National Park Service Architect of the building was Henry Bacon. I nenlal Divide. P9aks towering over 14,000 feet shadow wildlife and I I 1100 Ohio Dr., SW Authorized Feb. 9, 1911; transferred from Office of Public Buildings and wildllowers in these 41Z square miles of the Rockies' Front Range. Washington. DC 20242 Public Parks of the National Capital Aug. 10, 1933. Established Jan. 26, 1915. Boundary changes: Feb. 14, 1917; Sept. 18,. Acreage-163.63, all FedijJral. 1922: June 2, 1924; Feb. 24, 1925; June 9, 1926; July 17, 1930; Jan. 11, 1932; Mar. 5, 1936; Aug. 24, 1949; June 27, 1950; Apr. 21, 1959; Sept. Lyndon Baines Johnson A living memorial to the 36th President, the park overlooks the Potomac 23, 1960; Oct. 26, 1974. Memorial Grove on the vista of the Capital. The design features 500 white pines and Acreage-263,790.69 Federal: 263,333.08 Nonfederal: 457.61. t,:) c/o George Washington engravings on Texas granite. Memorial Parkway Authorized Dec. 28, 1973; dedicated Sept. 27, 1974. · Yucca House .Ruins of these large prehistoric Indian pueblos are as yet unexcavated. Turkey Run Park Acreage-17.00, all Federal. National Monument NOT OPEN TO THE PUBLIC. Mclean, VA 22101 c/o Mesa Verde Nctional Park Proclaimed Dec. 19, 1919. Mesa Verde Nationdl Acleage-10.00, all Federal. National Capital Parka The park system of the Nation's Capital comprises parks, parkways, and Park, CO 81330 1100 Ohio O;., SW reservations in tha Washington metropolitan area, Including such proper­ Washington, DC 20242 ties as the Battleground National Cemetery, the President's Parks (la­ (Also In Maryland) fayette Park north of the and south of the Whits House), the parks flanking the Great Fal!s of the Potomac, a variety of military fortifications, and green areas. When Congress established a permanent National Capital in 1790, the , Connecticut city's Federal Commissioners were given the power "to purchase or accept such quantity of land as the President shall deem proper for the use of the United States." Undl:lr this authority the Commissioners Appalachian purchased Washington's first 17 public reservations and accepted dona­ National Scenic l·rall lions of other lands required for the street system of L'Enfant's plan. (See Maine) Today more than 300 park units derive from these lands. Office .of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital was abolished and public reservations were transferred to National Capital Parks, National ~District of Columbia Park Service, Aug. 10, 1933. Acreage-6,469.56_ all Federal _., Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Hlstcr.cal Park (See Maryland}

23

_, . l; q .. ~ ~ ~ __ti!::?i.J / ' ;_~ .J_ j!i'"r'!f ~·' := '-"'~ i --· r'!!!!!iJ:"' le ·I!~~ t-- t- ~ ~ ~ ;sa• ~· ,. ~ ~ I ! I -! Nalfon•l Mall This landscaped park extending from the Capitol to the Washington Florida j c/o National Capital Region Monument was envisioned as a formal park in the l'Enfant Plan for the I National Park SeiVice city of Washington. Big Cypref!\1 Nstlonal Preae~~• Adjoining ihe northwest section of Evergladea NaUonal P41'k, this large 1100 Ohio Dr.• SW Approved July 16, 1790, except for 42 acres transferred later from other ,I P.O. Box 1247 area provides a freshwater supply crucial to tha park's siJMval. Subtropi-­ Washington, DC 20242 agencies; 30 Seaton Park acres include some transfers from other ! Naples, FL 33939 cal plant and anlml'llife abounds in this anr.estral home of the Seminole agencies and D.C. Transferred from Office of Public Buildings and Public and Miccosukee Indians. 'i Parks of the National Capital Aug. 10, 1933. Authorized Oct. 11, 1974. Acreage-146.35. all Federal Acreage-510,000 Federal: 231,991.21 Nonled8rsl: 338,008.19.

Rock Creek Park One of the largest urban parks ln the world, this wooded preserve Biscayne National Park Most of the park is reef and water, but within Its boundaries aboot 33 5000 Glover Rd•• NW contains a wide rangs of natural, historical, and recreational resources in P.O. Box 1369 keys, or islsnds, form a north-south chain, with Biscayne Bay on the west Washington, DC .20015 the midst of metropolitan Washington, D.C. Homestead, FL 33030 and the Atlantic Ocean on the east. I Authonzed Sept. 20, 1890; transferred to National Parl< Service June 10, Authorized as Biscayne National Monument Oct. 18, 1968; redesignated 1933. and enlarged June 28, 1980. Boundary change: Oct. 26, 1974. I Acreage-1,754.37, all Federal Acreage-180,275.65 Federal' 95.010.84 Nonfederal: 85,056.81. l Land ares: 4,373.23. Sewa!I-Belmon'J. Hol!ae Rebuilt alter fire damage from the War cf 1812, this red brick house is one ! National Hlstorrc Slle or the oldest on . II has been the National Woman's Party ! 144 Constitution Ave., NE headquarters since 1929 and commemorates the party's founder and Canaveral National Seaahore Twenty-five miles o! undaveloped barrier Island preserve the natural ; Washington. DC 20002 women's suffrage leade~. Alice Paul, and associates. P.O. Box 2583 beach, dune, marsh, and lagoon habitats for a variety of wildlife, Including Authorized Oct. 26, i974. 'ntusville, FL 3National Wildlife Refuge, administered by Fish and Wildlife Service, Theodore Roosevelt Island On this wooded island sanctuary in the Potomac River, trails lead to sn U.S .. Dept. of the Interior. c/o George Washington Memorial imposing statue of Roosevelt, the conservation-minded 26th President. Established Jan. 3, 1975. F'arkway, Turkey Run Park, H1s tenets on nature, manhood, youth, and the state are inscribed on Acresge-57.627.01 Federal· 41,44!J.36 Nonfederal: 16, 117.71. Mclean. VA22101 tablets. Authorized May 21, 1932; transferred from Office of Public Buildings and Land area: 29,545.07. Pubhc P~trks of the National Capital Aug. iO, 1933. 1 Acre,,ge-88.50 el.~ Federal Castillo de San Marco• Construction of this oldest ft'ftln continental United Statea waa I I , started in 1672 by the Spanish to protect St. Augustine, first permanent National Monument settlement by Europeans In continental United States (1565). The Thomaa Jefferson Memori;;,J This circular, colonnaded structure, in the classic style introduced in this 1 Castillo Dr. floor plan Is the result of "modernization" work done In the 18th century. e/o National Capi:::l Region, country by Jefferson, memorializes the author of the Declaration of St. Augustine, FL 32084 Proclaimed as Fort Marlon National Oct. 15, 1924; tran&fllrrad National Park Service Independence and President from 1801 to 1609. The interior walls Monum~mt irom War Department Aug. 10, 1933; changed to Castillo de San Mt!rcoa 1100 Oh10 Dr•• SW present inscriptions from his writings. The heroic statute was sculptured National Monument June 5, 1942. Washington, DC 20242 by Rudulph Evans; architects were John Russell Pope and associates, I Olio Eggers and Daniel Higgins. Boundary changes: June 29, 1936; July 5, 1960. Authorized June 26, 1934. Acresge-20.49 Feders~ 19.78 Nonfederal: 0.71. Ac,~age-18.36 all Federal. De Soto National Memorial The landing of Spanish e)(plorer Hernando de Solo In Florida In 1539 and the first extensive organized exploration of what Is now thB southern Washington Monument A dominating feature of the Nation's C;Jpital, this 555·foot honors 75th St. NW Bradenton, Fl 335(15 United States by Europeans are commemorated here. c/o National Capital Region, the country's first President, George Washington. The architect-designer Authorized Mar. 11, 1948. Boundary chango: Sept 8, 1060, Nationai Park Service was . Acreage-30.00 Federal: 24.78 Nonfederal· 5.22. I 1100 Ohio Dr., SW Authonzed Jan. 31, 1646; transferred from Office of Public Buildings and ·l Washington, DC 20242 Pubhc Parks of the National Capital Aug. 10, 1933. i j Acreage-106.01 all Federal Everf)ladea National Park This largest remaining subtropical wilderness In tha coterminous United P.O. Box 279 States has extensive fresh- and saltwater areas, open Everg!e<::aa pral· '! Homestead, Fl 33030 ries, and mangrove forests. Abundant wildlife includes rare and colorful White Hou~e The White House has been the residence and office of the Presidents of J birds. c/o National Capital Region, the Umted -::tales since Nov. 1800. The cornerstone was laid Oct. 13, Authorized May 30, 1934. Boundary changes: July 2, 1958; Sept. 14, National Park Service 1792, on tne site selected by George Washington and included in the 1959; Sept. 2, 1960; Sept. 12, 1964; Oct. 17, 1969. Wilderness designat­ 1100 Ohio Dr., SW L'Enfant Plan; renovations were made 1949-52. ed Nov. 10, 1978. Designated a World Heritage Site, Oct. 24, 1979. I Washington, DC 20242 Transferred Aug. 10, 1933, to National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, the direct legal successor of three FElderal Commissioners, who Acree?e-1,398,800.00 Federal' 1,397.506.26 Nonledersl: 1,293.14. were appointed by the President under act of July 16, 1790, and directed Wilderness ares: 1,296,500. Water area: 625,000. initial construction. Their authority developed through acts of May 1, 1602; Apr. 29, 1816; Mar. 3, 1849; Mar. 2, 1867; July 1, 1898; Feb. 25, Fort Caroline The fort overlooks the site of a French Huguenot colony of 1564-65, the 1925; Mar. 3, 1933; and Executive Order of June 10, 1933. Under act of National Memorial second French attemp! at settlement within the presen~ United States. Sept. 22, 1961, "the White House ••• shall be administered pursuant to 12713 Fort Caroline Rd. Here, the French and Spanish began two cetnluries of Eur~an colonial the act of August25, 1916" and supplementary and amendalory acts. Jacksonville, FL 32225 rivalry In North America. Acreage-18.07, all Federal. Authorized Sept. 21, 1950. Bourn1ary challllJaS April 11, 1972: Nov. 10, I 1978. ·t~. Acreage-138.88 Federal' 128.37 Nonfildersl: 10.51. l 25 24 · . . . ,_, ,_.. __ .,.,,, "'"LI'>¢i"'"""aq:u;; '"""U:¢($$il#C4Wi4.;:: · ""''~ IOfS:~ ¥'fl<·;·'">'"t"''"lliii;p¥FfS'!*iMfP'»cA?#if¥UJQ,£P J,fiP,94¥4f4'11it$!Hf4fiiA ; < Ul)i,Oilf:""'*'~iiit"JUS.LJ#f~f,•• ' ...Mi!44ii¥i·"*'", tr, . .JUJ. ~ . . 4 lWU.8aesaJ..-IIU$ .., · · , '· U ,' $$1'.'':~ ,. 0 0 ,_, /) ,,-- \} ,,<.:J ,) _...... ,. ~ ~- j4 :0 i!::&f ,_ )~ ,_ e"' . ·~ - ~ , .., ,_ ,..... J M J!!!!!!!!l ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~!!!!!~~: ~ -·

Fort Jefferson Buill m 1856 to help contrcl the Florida Straits, this is the largest Fori Frederica Gen. James E. bglethorpe built this British fort in 1736-48, during the National Monument all-masonry fortification in the Western \',orld; it served as a Federal National Monument Anglo-Spanish struggle for control of what is now southeastern United c/o U.S Coast Guard Base, military prison during and alter the Civil We.;. The bird refuge and marine Route 4, Box 286-C States. Key West, FL 33040 life here are features. St. Simons Island, GA 31522 Authorized May 26, 1936. Boundary changes: Sept. 20, 1Q50; May 16, Proclaimed Jan. 4, 1035. 1958. Acre3ge-47. 125.00. all Federal. Land.area: 39.28. Acreago-214.52 Federal: 210.72 Nonfederal: 3.60.

Fort Matanzas This Spanish fort was buill 1740-42 to nrotect St. Augustine from the Fort Pulaski Bombardment ot. this early 19th-century fort by Federal rifled cannon In National Monument British. National Monument 1862 first demonstrated the ineffectiveness of old-style masonry fortifica­ c/o Castillo de San Marcos Proclaimed Oct. 15, 1924; transferred from War Dept. Aug. 10, 1933. P.O. Box 98 tions. Proclaimed Oct. 15, 1924; transferred from War Dept. Aug. 1933. Naltonal Monument Boundary changes: Jan. 9, 1935; Mar. 24, 1948. Tybee Island, GA 31328 10, Boundary changes: June 26, 1936; May 25, 1959. 1 Ca~tillo Dr. Acreage-298.51, all Federal St. Augustine. FL 32084 Acreage-5,615.50 Federal: 5,365.13 Non!ederal· 250.37.

~enneaaw Mountain Two engagements took place here between Union c;~d Confederate Ollshore islands and keys have both sparkling while sand beaches and Gulf Islands National Batlle~.leld Park forces during the Atlanta Campaign, June 20-July 2, 1854. historic forts and battenes. Mainland features of this unlt, which is located National Seashore P.O. Box 1167 Authorized as a national battlefield site Feb. a. 1917; transferred from near Pens

Appalachian National Scenic Trail (See Maine)

Chattahoochee River A series of sites along a 48-mile stretch ol the Chattahoochee river, National Recreation .Ar2a extem.ling into Atlanta, will be preserved lor public enjoyment of scenic, Guam P.O. Box 1396 racreallonal, and historical values. LIMITED FEDERAL FACILITIES. Smyrna, GA 30080 Established Aug. 15, 1978. War In the Pacific This park will provide an opportunity to interpret events in the Pacific Acre3ge-8,514.57 Federal· 133.34 Nonfederal: 8,381.23. National Historical Park theater of World War II. It includes major historic sites associated with the P.O. Box 3441 1944 battle lor Guam, an example of the island-hopping miiitary campaign against the Japanese. LIMITED FEDERAL FACILITIES. Chickamauga and Chattanooga This park includes the Civil War battlefields o! Chickamauga, 01chard Agana, GU 96910 Authorized Aug. 18, 1978. National Military Park Knnb, Lookout Mountain, and Missionary Ridge. Established Aug. 19, 1890; transferred from War Dept. Aug. 10, 1933. Acreage-1,923.06 Federal: 738.76 Nonfederal: 1,184.30. P.O. Box 2126 Water area: 1,002. Fort OglelhOJpe, GA 30742 Boundary changes: Aug 9, 1939; Mar. 5, 1942; June 24, 1948. (Also in Tenn.) Acreage-8,098.21 Federal: 8,0?8.67 (6.228.99 in Ga.; 1,849.68 in Tenn) Nonfederal: 19.54.

Cumberland Island Magnilicent and unspoiled beaches and dunes, marshes, and freshwater National Seashore lakes make up this largest of Georgia's Golden Isles. Accessible by tour P.O. Sox a06 boat only. St. Marys, GA 31558 Established Oct. 23, 1972. Boundary change: Nov. 10, 1978. Acreage--36.544.85 Federal· 16.333.!l(J Nonfederal· 20,210.95. Land area: 26.153.10.

27 26

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Hawaii Idaho

I Hateakala National Park The park preserves the outstanding features of Halel!kala Crater on the Crate,. of th• Moon Volcani.<: cones, craters, lava flows, and caves make this an ar.~·mlshing PO. Box537 1sland of Maui and protects the unique and fragile ecosystems of Kipahulu National Monument landscape. 'Makawao, HI 96768 Valley, the scenic pools along Oheo gulch, and many rare and endan­ P.O. Box 29 Proclaimed May 2, 1924. Boundary changes: July 23, 1928; July 9, 1930; gered species. Area, ft.() 83213 June 5, 1936; July 18, 1941; Nov. 19, 1962. Wilderness de!ilgnated Authorized as a part of Hawaii National PavkAug. 1, 1916; redesignated Oct. 23, 1970. Sept. 13, 1960. Boundal)l changes; Feb. 12, 1927; Jan. 10, 1969; Oct 21, Acresge-53.545.05, all FedBJ!Jl Wilderness ,

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28 29

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This mountain pass on the Wilderness Road, explored by Daniel Boone. Cumberland Ga,p developed Into main al1ery of the great trans·Aiiegheny migration for tbtlonal Hlstprlcal Park a Iowa set\ler.-\ent of "the Old West" and a.1 important military objective P.O. BO)( 640 in the ~evolutionary and Civil Wars. The monument contains outstanding exall'.ples !If prehistoric burial Middlesbmo, KY 40965 Efllgy Mounda (Also In Virginia and Tenflessee) Authorized June 11, t 940. Boundary changes: July 26, 1961; Oct. 26, National Ltonumen~ mound!>, some in the shapes of n1rds and b.aars. 1974. P.O. Box K Proclaimed Oct. 25, 1949. Boundary change: May 27, 1961. Acreage-20,273.04 Federal: 20,270.06 {10,731.34 in Ky.; 7,526.01 in McGregor, lA 52157 Acreage-1,474.63, all Federal. Va.; 2,012.71 in Tenn.) Nonfedaral: 2.98.

Herbert Hoover The birthplace, heme, and boyhood neighborhood of the 31st President, This series of undergrounu passages-with beautiful limestone gypsum, 1929-33, the grt!.:tsites of President and Mrs. Hoover, and the Hoover Mammoii• Cave ~Jilonal Park National Historic Site Mammoth Cave, KY 42259 and travertine formations. deep pits and high domes, and an underground P.O. Bo~ 607 Prcsidenlicil Ubmry and Museum, which is administerc;rrl by tha National river-has been explored and mappad fo; 194 miles, making this the West Branch, lA 52358 J.•• ch1ves and !"iecords Service, General Services Administration, are longest recorded cave system in the world. w1lhin the park. Authorized May 25, 1926; fully established July 1. 1941. Boundary Authorized Aug. 12, 1965. changes: May 14, 1934; Aug. 28, 1937; Dec. 3, 1940; June 5, 1942. Acwage-t 86.80 FederaL· t 81'.11 Non federaL· !1.69. Acreage-52,128.92 Federal: 51,303.62 Nonfederal: 825.30.

Louisiana Kansas The park preserves significant examples of natural and histo~ical re· From 1859to 1878 this fort protected traffic along the Santa Fe Trail, was Jean lafitte Fort Larned National Historical Park sources of the MississiJlpi Della. The Chalmette Unit, where American iho key mil!tary base in the Indian war of 1868-69, Md served as an forcas were victoriou~ i:1 ?.t1~ Battle cl New Orleans in the , Natlo:• .; Historic Site and Preserve con!Jtins the Chalmette Cemetery. The French Quarter Unit Routq" Indian agency. 400 Royal St., Acorn 200 Na~lional Authorized Aug. 31, provides an introduction the culture of the Mississippi Delta Region and Larned. ~