4th Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Management

May 14 to 23 May 2012, VIC, Vienna IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, CYPRUS page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

CYPRUS

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

Cyprus doesn’t operate a NPP nor a research reactor or other nuclear installations or uranium/thorium mines. Ionizing radiation in Cyprus is used mainly in medicine, some used in industry and research.

No spent fuel and only a few amount of non-power radioactive waste were produced.

Long-term Funding of Current practices / Planned Management Policy Liabilities Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel None None None None Nuclear Fuel None None None None Cycle Waste Non-power waste Export Licensee; Decay (interim None State budget storage and retention of short lived wastes); Interim storage Decommissioning None None None None Liabilities Disused Sealed Return to supplier or Licensee; Interim storage; None Sources manufacturer; State budget Return to supplier or Export for disposal manufacturer; Export for disposal

Country Group 5, CYPRUS page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 36

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to Cyprus No. of Country Article questions Switzerland General 2 25 2 27 1 32 3 32.2.3 1 32.2.4 1 10 Czech Republic 21 1 26 1 32 2 32.1.1 1 5 France 19 1 26 2 32 1 4 USA 22 1 26 1 27 1 28 1 4 Luxembourg General 1 12 1 28 1 3 Ireland General 2 11 1 3 Portugal 21 1 22 1 32 1 3 Austria 22 1 32 1 2 Germany 22 1 1 Korea 28 1 1 36 36

Country Group 5, CYPRUS page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 36 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles General 5 Article 11 1 Article 12 1 Article 19 1 Article 21 2 Article 22 4 Article 25 2 Article 26 4 Article 27 2 Article 28 3 Article 32 11

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

5 countries raised 11 questions on article 32: Switzerland (5), Czech Republic (3), Austria, France and Portugal.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 Storage conditions of short lived RAW  Disposal of RAW abroad  RAW inventory information missing  Return of disused sealed sources  Responsibility of licensee for disused sources  Licensed temporary storage facility  Definition and categorization of RAW

General Article

3 countries raised 5 questions on general article: Ireland (2), Switzerland (2) and Luxembourg

The focus of the questions for the general article was:

 HASS sources in use and provisions for orphan sources  Minimization of RAW policy  Final disposal of RAW abroad  Storage conditions of short lived RAW

Country Group 5, CYPRUS page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 26 – Decommissioning

3 countries raised 4 questions on article 26: France (2), Czech Republic and USA

The focus of the questions for article 26 was:

 Qualified staff and adequate financial resources for decommissioning  Storage of disused sources in a temporary storage  Regulatory requirements of a licensed temporary storage facility

Article 22 – Human and financial resources

4 countries raised 4 questions on article 22: USA, Portugal, Austria and Germany.

The focus of the questions for article 22 was:

 Training for radiation protection and control staff  International cooperation for training of the staff  Funding of nuclear safety activities

Article 28 – Disused sealed sources

3 countries raised 3 questions on article 28: USA, Luxembourg, and Korea.

The focus of the questions for article 28 was:

 Management of disused sources after returned to manufacturer

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

Country Group 5, CYPRUS page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 Disposal of RAW abroad

 Return of disused sealed sources  Final disposal of RAW about handling of legacy sources

3.2 Management of disused sources

 Handling of legacy orphan sources  Responsibility of licensee  HASS sources in use

3.3 License of temporary storage facility

 Storage of disused sealed sources  Regulatory requirements of licensed storage facility

3.4 Qualification and financing of staff

 International cooperation for training of staff  Adequate financial resources for decommissioning

3.5 Conditioning and storage conditions

 Minimization of RAW  Storage conditions of short lived RAW

4. Challenges and / or good practices

 Cyprus does not operate or plan to operate in the medium term nuclear power plants, research reactors or other nuclear installations or uranium and/or thorium mines. Ionizing radiation in Cyprus is used mainly in medicine, either for diagnostic or for therapeutic purposes

 All disused sources such as cobalt units and small sources from medical applications, lightning rods, smoke detectors, small sources for educational purposes etc. have been collected in a licensed temporary storage until a final solution (e.g. shipment abroad for disposal) is decided

Country Group 5, CYPRUS page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, ITALY page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

ITALY

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

In Italy 4 NPP’s (Garigliano, Latina, Trino und Caorso) have been operated since 1980ies. At present in stage of decommissioning, established in the the late 1990ies. SF shipped abroad, some SF still present in Italy. Further installations are 4 research centers ITREC, CCR ISPRA, EUREX and IPU, OPEC. A research Triga reactor LENA and a fuel fabrication facility in Bosco Marengo.

Long-term Management Funding of Liabilities Current practices / facilities Planned Facilities Policy Spent Fuel Contract with France for Governmental fund (Levy SF pool of CAORSO NPP site No decision by now, reprocessing, CAORSO on rise of electricity) transferred to France, SF pool interim storage NPP-SF shipped in June transferred to SOGIN, at Trino NPP, AVOGADRO foreseen 2010, SF from responsible organization, SF storage facility, waste AVOGADRO AFR Nov. 2010 assessment transfer to Ule in 2003 – storage pool and Trino, approx. € 6,5 Bill. 2005. SF pool at ITREC NPP will be transferred by facility and on 2 research 2012 reactor sites. SF is stored in NPP’s, fuel cycle facilities and research reactors Nuclear Fuel Most SF will be See SF See SF Licensing Cycle Waste reprocessed abroad, only procedures for SF at ITREC plant for dry construction of SF interim storage dry storage facility at ITREC will be performed Non-power waste Few authorized operators Not declared Only waste management For long time for industrial, medical and facilities are stored in existing storage a near research L-ILW, e.g. nuclear installations except surface storage NUCLECO NUCLECO facility is in planning stage Decommissioning Under responsibility of Financing was allocated See long term management, Activities related to Liabilities SOGIN a decommissioning activities treatment of existing decommissioning plan in are conducted waste a 20 year-period for ENEA facilities and BOSCO MARENGO fuel fabric. facilities Disused Sealed All activities under A new legislative decree Return to manufacturer or A central site in Sources legislative decree no. no. 52/2007 includes transfer e.g. to NUCLECO at early procedures 230/1995 financial security ENEA, research center of considered CASACCIA

Country Group 5, ITALY page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 47

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to Italy No. of Country Article questions Switzerland 19 2 25 3 32 9 14 Czech Republic General 1 4 1 5 1 11 1 12 1 13 1 28 1 32 2 9 France 25 1 28 1 32 3 5 USA 18 1 21 1 32 3 5 Ireland General 1 6 1 20 1 32 1 4 Germany 21 1 32 1 32.2.2. 1 3 Luxembourg 20.1 2 28 1 3 Austria 4 1 20 1 2 Korea 26 2 2 47 47

Country Group 5, ITALY page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 47 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles General 2 Article 4 2 Article 5 1 Article 6 1 Article 11 1 Article 12 1 Article 13 1 Article 18 1 Article 19 2 Article 20 4 Article 21 2 Article 25 4 Article 26 2 Article 28 3 Article 32 20

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

6 countries raised 20 questions on article 32: Switzerland (9), France (3), USA (3), Czech Republic (2), Germany (2) and Ireland.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 National RAW, SF management, policy and strategies  SF from research reactors  Foreseen deep geological disposal  Treatment and conditioning of waste at NPP and fuel cycle facilities  Waste acceptance criteria for disposals  Re-use of uranium and from reprocessing  Limits of LLW without conditioning  Decommissioning status of nuclear installations

Article 20 – Regulatory body

4 countries raised 4 questions an article 20: Luxembourg (2), Austria and Ireland.

The focus of the questions for article 20 was:

 Human and financial resources in licensing activities  Schedule for Nuclear Safety Authority and legal status

Country Group 5, ITALY page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 25 – Emergency preparedness

2 countries raised 4 questions on article 25: Switzerland (3) and France.

 Reaction time of Committee of Civil Protection and training  National exercise programme for emergency preparedness  Protective measures

Article 28 – Disused sealed sources

3 countries (Czech Republic, France and Luxembourg) raised 3 questions on article 28:

 Regulation and control of DSS  Detection management and disposal of orphan sources

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 National waste management policy and –strategies

 National RAW, SF management, policy and strategies  SF from research reactors  Foreseen deep geological disposal  Regulation and control of DSS  Detection management and disposal of orphan sources

3.2 Waste conditioning process

 Treatment and conditioning of waste at NPP and fuel cycle facilities  Waste acceptance criteria for disposals  Re-use of uranium and plutonium from reprocessing  Limits of LLW without conditioning

Country Group 5, ITALY page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3.3 Emergency preparedness and responsibilities

 Reaction time of Committee of Civil Protection and training  National exercise programme for emergency preparedness  Protective measures

3.4 Licensing body and regulatory authority

 Human and financial resources in licensing activities  Schedule for Nuclear Safety Authority and legal status

3.5 Decommissioning status of nuclear installations

 Decommissioning status of nuclear installations

4. Challenges and / or good practices

Most of the following activities and others are already in an advanced phase of design or licensing. A specific priority is expected to be assigned by SOGIN S.p.A. to accelerate in the implementation of the following activities, in particular of those related to the conditioning of existing waste and to the improvement of their storage conditions:

 Treatment and conditioning by cementation of the reprocessing U-Th solution stored at the ITREC facility as well as the construction of the related storage facility for the final packages; the detailed design has been approved by the Regulatory Authority in 2010  Treatment and conditioning by cementation of the processing liquid wastes stored at the EUREX facility as well as the realization of the storage facility for the final packages; in view of the completion of these projects the liquid wastes are transferred in a completely new storage station  Realization of an interim dry cask storage facility for the Elk River spent fuel at the ITREC site  Commissioning and operation of radioactive waste storage facilities at the NPPs of Garigliano and Latina is in an advanced stage  Commissioning and operation of the conditioning process for the intermediate level waste at the Latina NPP  Remediation of the on site radioactive waste storage/disposal facilities at the Garigliano NPP, ITREC facility (wells and trenches) to bring them in line with present safety requirements

On the regulatory side the following improvements are envisaged:

 Definition of the main requirements to be addressed in relation to siting, design, construction, operation and closure of the national site of LLW near surface disposal facility and ILW-HLW long term storage facility  Updating of Technical Guides pertaining decommissioning and radioactive waste treatment and conditioning

Country Group 5, ITALY page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

On the organizational side:

 Increase of human resources assigned to to different involved organizations and in particular to the Regulatory Body

Country Group 5, ITALY page 7 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

GERMANY

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

Of the total amount of 36 NPP’s, 17 are under operation, 16 are under decommissioning and 3 are already completed decommissioned. As a consequence of Fukushima, 8 licenses of these NPP’s are expired. From the remaining 9 NPP’s, the operation licenses will expire between 2015 – 2022. The SF management facilities are: The interim storage facilities at the NPP sites, the central interim storage facilities at Gorleben (TBL-G) and Ahaus (TBL-A), the interim storage facility “Zwischenlager Nord (ZLN)” near Greifswald for the SF from the Rheinsberg and Greifswald NPP’s as well as the interim storage facility at Jülich for the SF of the AVR reactor. There are at present 3 research reactors (MTR facility BER-II at Berlin; high flux- reactor FRM II at Garching; TRIGA reactor at Mainz), 3 teaching reactors and one training reactor in operation in Germany.

Long-term Funding of Liabilities Current practices / Planned Facilities Management Policy Facilities Spent Fuel Interim storage in casks; Utilities pay for the 4 central dry storage 1 wet storage facility subsequently future costs of waste facilities, 12 dry storage (Obrigheim), 1 conditioning and direct (polluter-pays principle) facilities at the NPP repository project in disposal in deep sites, 1 wet storage the process of geological formations; facility (Obrigheim) exploration SF for research reactors transport to the country of origin or disposal Nuclear Fuel Cycle Interim storage at the See SF Conditioning and 1 repository Waste site or centrally with the interim storage (at the licenced; aim of disposal in deep site of origin or (commissioning geological formations centrally) 2010 for LILIW) Heat-generating waste: 1 repository project in exploration (for HLW) Non-power waste Interim storage at central Polluter-pays principle; Conditioning and 1 repository sites with the aim of land collecting facilities interim storage (Land licenced; in the disposal in deep pay repository cost collecting facilities) process of refitting; geological formations portion to the federation commissioning approx. 2019 Decommissioning Green field or further use See SF Direct dismantling or Not relevant Liabilities as industrial site safe enclosure Disused Sealed Interim storage at central Waste generators pay Conditioning and 1 repository Sources sites with the aim of fees to the Land interim storage (land licenced; in the disposal in deep collecting facilities: collecting facilities) process of refitting; geological formations polluter-pays principle; commissioning Land collecting facilities approx. 2019 pay repository cost portion to the federation

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 114

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to Germany No. of Country Article questions Czech Republic Planned activities 1 4 1 9 1 11 1 14 1 15 3 17 1 20 1 22 2 32 6 18 Switzerland 10 1 16 1 19 1 24 1 26 1 26.1 1 32 1 32.1.2 1 32.1.4 1 32.2.3 1 32.2.4 1 32.2.5 2 13 Korea General 2 24 3 26 3 28 1 32 4 13

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Questions posted to Germany No. of Country Article questions Japan General 1 4 1 5 1 10 2 14 1 16 3 24 2 32 2 13 USA 8 1 9 1 16 1 17 1 19 2 20 1 25 1 26 1 28 1 32 1 11 France 3 1 12 1 20 1 25 1 32 2 6 Ireland General 1 12 1 13 1 15 1 19 1 32 1 6 Luxembourg 20.1 1 20.2 1 22.3 1 32.1.1 1 32.1.2 1 32.2.1 1 6 Canada General 3 10 1 21 1 5

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Questions posted to Germany No. of Country Article questions Spain General 2 19 2 4 Belgium General 1 26 1 2 Italy 24 1 32 2 3 Slovakia General 1 26 1 32 1 3 China 32 2 32.2.2 1 3 Latvia 19 1 32 1 2 Austria 20 1 23 1 2 Bulgaria 3.1 1 1 UK 22 1 1 Russian Federation 26 1 1 Poland 32 1 1 114 114

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 114 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles Planned 1 General 11 Article 3 2 Article 4 2 Article 5 1 Article 8 1 Article 9 2 Article 10 4 Article 11 1 Article 12 2 Article 13 1 Article 14 2 Article 15 4 Article 16 5 Article 17 2 Article 19 7 Article 20 6 Article 21 1 Article 22 4 Article 23 1 Article 24 7 Article 25 2 Article 26 9 Article 28 2 Article 32 33

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

12 countries raised 33 questions on article 32: Switzerland (6), Czech Republic (6), Korea (4), China (3), Luxembourg (3), Italy (2), France (2), Japan (2), Ireland, Slovakia, Latvia, USA and Poland.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 RAW disposal  Safety consideration after Fukushima  Decommissioning of NPP’s  RAW stream and longterm RAW management  Production of waste referring KONRAD  National policy and strategy on RAW and SF management  Storage in deep geological repositories  Land collecting facilities  Re-use of plutonium  Waste acceptance criteria

General article

7 countries raised 11 questions on this topic: Canada (3), Korea (2), Spain (2), Belgium, Ireland, Japan and Slovakia.

A majority of questions asked for general article was:

 National policy of RAW management  Fukushima and decommissioning related  Storage regulations  Conditioning and treatment  Operation experience in the storage of SF  Radiation exposure and documentation

Article 26 – Decommissioning

6 countries raised 9 questions an article 26: Korea (3), Switzerland (2), Belgium, Slovakia, USA and Russia.

The focus of the questions for article 26 was:

 Licensing of decommissioning of NPP’s  Regulation standard of release of buildings  Decommissioning options and costs  Fukushima consequences

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 19 – Legislative and regulatory framework

5 countries raised 7 questions an article 19: Spain (2), USA (2), Ireland, Latvia and Switzerland.

The focus of the questions for article 19 was:

 Qualification of workers  RAW management directive of EURATOM  Licensing of SF storage facilities and disposal fee  Independence of regulator BfS for KONRAD  Geological suitability criteria  Environmental assessments

Article 20 – Regulatory Body

5 countries raised 6 questions an article 20: Luxembourg (2), Austria, Czech Republic, France and USA.

The focus of the questions for article 20 was:

 Human resources  Independence of BfS

Article 16 – Operation of facilities

3 countries raised 5 questions an article 16: Japan (3), Switzerland and USA.

The focus of the questions for article 16 was:

 Waste returned from France in “compliance with established values”  Underground stabilization of ASSE II mine  More information about closure option of ASSE II mine  How to identify this huge amount of waste containers in ASSE II  Closing options for ASSE II including costs/benefit analysis

Article 15 – Assessment of safety facilities

2 countries raised 4 questions an article 15: Czech Republic (3) and Ireland.

The focus of the questions for article 15 was:

 Time frame of decommissioning of ASSE II mine  Enlargement of interim storage time  Longterm interim storage vs. unlimited license?  False declaration in documentation of waste

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 7 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 22 – Human and financial resources

3 countries raised 4 questions an article 22: Czech Republic (2), Luxembourg and UK.

The focus of the questions for article 22 was:

 Human resources and funding of decommissioning projects  Financial losses after unplanned shutdown of all commercial NPP’s  Germany guarantees financial resources for regulatory authorities  Financial responsibility for site selection activities

Article 10 – Disposal of spent fuel

3 countries raised 4 questions an article 10: Japan (2), Canada and Switzerland

The focus of the questions for article 10 was:

 Site-specific safety analysis covering 1 Mio. years  Retrieval time of waste containers over 500 years

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 SF and RW management and policy

 Most of the questions asked on National Report of Germany addresses RAW system and longterm management, national policy and strategy and operating experience in SF storage, etc.  Non-compliance of operator and/or radiation protection supervisor BfS  Waste returned from France in “compliance with established values”

3.2 RW Disposal

 This topic covers questions for deep geological storage in KONRAD, spent fuel storage, land collecting facilities, storage regulations, etc.  Underground stabilization of ASSE II mine  More information about closure option of ASSE II mine

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 8 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

 How to identify this huge amount of waste containers in ASSE II  Closing options for ASSE II including costs/benefit analysis  False declaration in documentation of waste  Site-specific safety analysis covering 1 Mio. years  Retrieval time of waste containers over 500 years

3.3 Decommissioning

 This topic covers questions for licensing of decommissioning NPP’s related to Fukushima consequences, decommissioning options and –costs, waste acceptance criteria and release of buildings.  Time frame of decommissioning of ASSE II mine  Enlargement of interim storage time  Longterm interim storage vs. unlimited license?

3.4 Human resources

 Independence and qualification of Regulatory Body  Human resources and funding of decommissioning projects

3.5 Financial funds for RW Management

 Financial losses after unplanned shutdown of all commercial NPP’s  Germany guarantees financial resources for regulatory authorities  Financial responsibility for site selection activities

4. Challenges and / or good practices

 It is intended to review the safety assessment of the with the aim to determine - whether the repository concept is based on the best technologies available - whether safety assessment of the Gorleben site was performed according to the international state of the art in science and technology, and - whether the safety case can be developed in a transparent and traceable manner

 Germany will rapidly transpose COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2011/70/EURATOM into national law and present national programme within the timeframe specified by the Directive by 2015

 For interim storage facilities for irradiated fuel assemblies and heat-generating radioactive waste storage casks [4 – 5] adopted by the ESK, it is intended to test the application of guidelines in a 2-year test phase for 2 selected storage facilities

 Currently the safety guidelines for interim waste storage facilities and for dry interim storage of irradiated fuel assemblies in storage casks are being revised by the ESK

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 9 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

 For the interim storage of operational waste and especially of waste generated from the dismantling of decommissioned nuclear facilities, storage facilities have been or will be constructed at the places of its origin

 The safety criteria in the field of nuclear safety in Europe are to be developed further by way of a comparison of the general national safety requirements with the general safety levels elaborated by WENRA in the corresponding ares

Country Group 5, GERMANY page 10 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, IRELAND page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

IRELAND

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

In fact Ireland has no nuclear power station, no defence reactors for research or other purposes, no spent nuclear reactor fuel in storage or awaiting treatment and therefore no spent fuel processing facility.

Long-term Funding of Current practices Planned Management Policy Liabilities / Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel None None None None Nuclear Fuel None None None None Cycle Waste Non-power waste A national RAW Grants from Irish Sealed and A national RAW storage facility is government and unsealed sources storage facility is planned by EPA users from medical and foreseen DECLG educational institutions covered by state, sealed sources from industry covered by users Decommissioning None None None None Liabilities Disused Sealed Returned to Covered by owners Interim stored or A national RAW Sources manufacturer shipped to storage facility is manufacturer considered

Country Group 5, IRELAND page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 35

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are: Questions posted to Ireland No. of Country Article questions Czech Republic 12 3 16 1 20 1 26 1 32 2 8 Switzerland Planned Activities 1 General 1 25 2 28 1 32 1 6 USA 11 1 24 1 25 1 26 1 27 1 32 1 6 Portugal General 1 12 1 28 1 3 France 14 1 19 1 28 1 3 UK 22 2 32 1 3 Italy 12 1 14 1 2 Germany 28 1 32.2.1 1 2 Korea 20 1 1 Austria General 1 1 35 35

Country Group 5, IRELAND page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 35 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles Planned 1 General 3 Article 11 1 Article 12 5 Article 14 2 Article 16 1 Article 19 1 Article 20 2 Article 22 2 Article 24 1 Article 25 3 Article 26 2 Article 27 1 Article 28 4 Article 32 6

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

5 countries raised 6 questions on article 32: Czech Republic (2), Switzerland, UK, USA and Germany.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 Options for disposal of disused sources  Disposal facility for disused sources  Safety and radioprotection supervision for establishing a waste storage facility  Considerations for long lived waste  Planning and implementing schedule for waste storage facility  Inventory of stored disused sources

Article 12 – Existing facilities and past practices

3 countries raised 5 questions on article 12: Czech Republic (3), Italy, Portugal

The focus of the questions for article 19 was:  Overview matrix showing status of facilities  Licensing conditions for disposal-construction  Safety requirements for the storage of disused sealed sources  Explanation of excretion factors

Article 28 – Disused sealed sources

4 countries (Germany, Switzerland, France, Portugal) raised 4 questions an article 28:

 Returning SF to USA  Solutions for disposal of Tc99m generators and disused sources  Storage of long lived waste

Country Group 5, IRELAND page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 25 – Emergency preparedness

2 countries raised 3 questions on article 25: Switzerland (2) and USA:

 Tests and exercises of emergency plans (2)  Influence of Fukushima incident for the emergency plan

General article

3 countries (Austria, Portugal and Switzerland) raised 3 questions on this topic:

 Classification of naturally occurring waste NORM

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 Disposal of disused sealed sources

 Different options of disposal  Inventory of sealed sources  Safety requirements for storage

3.2 Waste handling of storage procedures

 Storage of long lived waste  Classification of NORM waste  Solutions for Tc99m generators storage

3.3 RAW-storage facility

 Planning and implementation schedule for waste storage  Licensing conditions for disposal

3.4 Spent fuel to USA

Country Group 5, IRELAND page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

4. Challenges and / or good practices

Recently implemented or planned activities to improve safety:

 A temporary Operational Protocol, setting out the arrangements to manage the safe interim storage of an orphan radioactive source

 A National Radioactive Waste Storage Facility for disused radioactive sources is to be established

 An inventory of disused radioactive sources has to be reduced through a co-ordinated and phased Inventory Reduction Programme

 Consideration of options for the final disposal of Ireland’s disused radioactive sources

 Ireland has requested an Integrated Regulatory Review Service (IRRS) mission from the IAEA which is scheduled to take place during 2015

 … and others more

Country Group 5, IRELAND page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

SWITZERLAND

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

Currently 5 NPP’s in operation, 1 NPP decommissioning is completed, 1 interim storage for SF in Beznau NPP (ZWIBEZ), 1 central storage facility ZZL in Würenlingen (ZWILAG), 1 wet storage building at Gösgen NPP is commissioned, 1 federal storage facility BZL operated by PSI and 2 research reactors DIORIT, SAPHIER at PSI decommissioned.

Long-term Funding of Current practices / Planned Management Policy Liabilities Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel Contract between Swiss 2 funds by law as See text overview none NPP operators and independent legal foreign reprocessing NPPs companies (AREVA, NC in France and NDA in UK) Nuclear Fuel Cycle In 2003 parliament See SF Interim storage in Repository for Waste decided 10-year- Beznau NPP, central HILW planned to moratorium on export of storage in ZZL be operated in spent fuel for Würenlingen, wet 2040 reprocessing started in storage building at 2006 Gösgen NPP just commissioned Non-power waste Federal state formed See SF Small waste stored in 2 geological national comparative for interim storage repositories are the disposal of foreseen radioactive waste (operated approx. (NAGRA) 2030) for LILW Decommissioning Ordinance on the See SF Decommissioning No Liabilities decommissioning and order by licensing decommissioning waste management authority UVEK order issued yet, funds for nuclear except PSI installations (Dec. 2007) submitted to be FE decommissioning of pilot incinerator plant 2011 Disused Sealed Regulated by Costs paid by National collection PSI is responsible Sources radiological protection owner, orphan center at PSI for conditioning act, recycled for further sources via BAG to and later delivered use or radioactive waste national collection to RAW disposal center PSI facility

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 55

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to Switzerland No. Of Country Article questions Czech Republic Planned activities 1 4 2 11 1 12 1 20 1 22 1 28 1 32 3 11 Hungary 4.5 1 9.6 1 9.7 1 12.2 1 22.2 1 26.1 1 27.1 1 32 3 10 USA 6 1 9 1 11 1 21 1 25 1 5 Ireland General 1 20 1 20.1 1 32 1 4 Korea 9 1 20 1 26 1 32 1 4 Austria 32 4 4

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Questions posted to Switzerland No. Of Country Article questions France 11 1 25.1 1 32 2 4 Germany 11 1 12 1 28 1 4 Italy 19 1 32 2 3 Slovakia General 1 26 1 2 Belgium 20 1 32 1 2 Japan 32 1 1 Bulgaria 13 1 1

55 55

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 55 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles Planned 1 General 2 Article 4 3 Article 6 1 Article 9 4 Article 11 4 Article 12 3 Article 13 1 Article 19 1 Article 20 5 Article 21 1 Article 22 2 Article 25 2 Article 26 3 Article 27 1 Article 28 2 Article 32 19

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

10 countries raised 19 questions on article 32: Austria (4), Czech Republic (3), Hungary (3), France (2), Italy (2), Belgium, Ireland, Japan, Korea and USA.

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 Capacity of the central storage facility  Site selection policy of the government, timing, procedures, etc.  Amendments of Radiation Protective Ordinance  Why no NORM waste will be stored  Types and documentation of waste packages  Moratorium of SF reprocessing in 2003  Limited time period for conditioning of RAW  Recycling of plutonium  Immobilization through plasma melting  NPP’s lifetime in RAW management plans  Decision making on SF back-end strategy  Separation of low and intermediate level waste  Spent fuel quantities for reprocessing  RAW conditioning requirement guideline  Adoption of clearance levels  Re-use of reactor building for waste storage at PSI

Article 20 – Regulatory Body

4 countries raised 5 questions on article 20: Ireland (2), Belgium, Czech Republic and Korea.

The focus of the questions for article 20 was:

 Integration of different regulations and regulators  Role of ENSI in the issuing of licenses  Role of BAG for RAW material not under nuclear energy act

Article 9 – Operation of facilities

3 countries raised 4 questions on article 9: Hungary (2), Korea and USA.

The focus of the questions for article 9 was:

 Method to evaluate decommissioning cost  Revisions of decommissioning studies for NPP’s  Periodical update of decommissioning cost estimate

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 11 – General safety of facilities for RAW

4 countries (France, Germany, USA, Czech Republic) raised 4 questions an article 11.

The focus of the questions for article 11 was:

 Safety relevant changes permitted by ENSI  Definition of radiological risk levels  Findings for minimization of gas production in deep geological repositories

Article 4 – General safety of facilities for SF

2 countries raised 3 questions on article 4: Czech Republic (2) and Hungary.

The focus of the questions for article 4 was:

 Acceptance criteria of future disposal facilities  Involvement of neighbouring countries in decision making process  Integration of emergency plans for different hazards

Article 12 – Existing facilities and past practices

3 countries raised 3 questions on article 12: Czech Republic, Germany and Hungary.

The focus of the questions for article 12 was:

 SF from research reactors AGW-201-P Geneva  Waste from dismantling of research reactors

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 Conditioning issues of specific waste

 Handling of NORM waste in Switzerland  Types and decommissioning of new waste packages  Limited time period for waste conditioning  Recycling of plutonium  Immobilization of RAW through plasma melting  Separation of LLW from ILW

3.2 Governmental site selection policy

 Policy and timing of site selection process  Acceptance criteria of future disposal facilities  Involvement of neighbouring countries  Definition of radiological risk levels  Emergency plans for different hazards

3.3 Licensing authorities

 Integration of different regulations and regulators  Role of ENSI for issuing of licenses  Role of BAG for RAW material not under Nuclear Energy Act

3.4 Decommissioning issues for NPP’s

 Evaluation of decommissioning costs  Revisions of decommissioning studies for NPP’s  Adoption of clearance levels  Re-use of reactor buildings for waste storage

3.5 SF and RAW management topics

 SF from Geneva research reactor  Waste from dismantling of Geneva research reactor  NPP’s life time in regard to RAW management plan

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 7 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

4. Challenges and / or good practices

 The new legislation on nuclear energy which was put into force on 1 February 2005, requests several further ordinances which are currently under development

 A broad, stepwise site selection process for geological repositories has been approved by the Federal Council. The implementer Nagra (on behalf of the utilities) proposed potential siting regions. Cantons and the neighbouring countries have been consulted after the completion of the safety review process

 The Swiss Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate ENSI was instructed to perform an analysis of the events in Fukushima in order to draw the appropriate lessons for the existing Swiss nuclear power plants

 ENSI has ordered the licensees to make provisions (by June 1st, 2011) for an external storage facility with portable equipment for accident management that can be transported to the NPP site by helicopter

Country Group 5, SWITZERLAND page 8 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, LUXEMBOURG page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

LUXEMBOURG

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

There is no NPP and no research reactor in use. Therefore no spent fuel exists. A small national interim storage facility NISF exists.

Long-term Funding of Current practices / Planned Management Policy Liabilities Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel None None None None Nuclear Fuel None None None None Cycle Waste Non-power waste Export to Belgium Licensee; Decay (Interim storage None State budget lived wastes); Interim storage (either at the licensee or in the NISF) Decommissioning None None None None Liabilities Disused Sealed Return to supplier; Licensee; Interim storage (either None Sources Export to Belgium State budget at the licensee of in the NISF); Return to supplier; Export to Belgium

Country Group 5, LUXEMBOURG page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 25

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to Luxembourg No. of Country Article questions USA 19 1 26 1 28 1 32 3 6 Switzerland 16 1 25 3 32 1 5 Ireland General 1 19 1 32 1 3 Portugal 20 1 32 1 2 Germany 20 1 32 1 2 Austria 19 1 32 1 2 Slovenia 32 1 1 Czech Republic 20 1 1 Bulgaria 19 1 1 Italy 20 1 1 Korea 28 1 1 25 25

1 question withdrawn

Country Group 5, LUXEMBOURG page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 24 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles General 1 Article 16 1 Article 19 4 Article 4 Article 25 3 Article 26 1 Article 28 2 Article 32 8

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

6 countries raised 8 questions on article 32: USA (3), Austria, Ireland, Portugal, Slovenia and Switzerland.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 Disposal of waste from Luxembourg in Belgium  Radioactive incident in August 2011  Transfer of tritiated Hymidine to the incineration plant  Collection of radioactive substances in consumer goods and products  Frequency of transport and amount of RAW to Belgium  What liabilities accrue to waste generators  Establishment of a national programme for management of RAW

Article 19 – Legislative and regulatory framework

4 countries raised 4 questions on article 19: Austria, Bulgaria, Ireland and USA

The focus of the questions for article 19 was:

 Different authorities for authorization of facilities  Radiological monitoring system on airport  Public involvement in licensing procedures  Adaption programme for emergency response staff

Country Group 5, LUXEMBOURG page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 20 – Regulatory Body

4 countries raised 4 questions on article 20: Czech Republic, Germany, Italy and Portugal.

The focus of the questions for article 20 was:

 DRP operates and controls national interim storage facility  Qualification of additional staff and update  Possibility for contracting private laboratories

Article 25 – Emergency preparedness

1 country (Switzerland) raised 3 questions on article 25:

The focus of the questions for article 25 was:

 Bilateral agreement on early information on nuclear accidents  Responsibility for implementation of emergency response plan  Achievement of public information

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 Legislative and regulatory framework

 Different authorities for authorization of facilities  DRP operates and controls national interim storage facility  Establishment of a national programme for management of RAW  Liability accrue to waste generators  Responsibilities for implementation of emergency response plan

Country Group 5, LUXEMBOURG page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3.2 Safety and environmental aspects

 Public involvement in licensing procedures  Adaption program for emergency response staff  Radioactive substances in consumer goods  Achievement of public information  Radiological monitoring system on airports

3.3 Human resources and qualification

 Qualification of additional staff and update  Possibility for contracting private institutions

3.4 Bilateral agreement with Belgium

 Disposal of waste from Luxembourg to Belgium  Frequency of transport and amount of RAW to Belgium

4. Challenges and / or good practices

Planned activities to improve safety

Given the size of the country, Luxembourg does not know significant modifications from review meeting to review meeting. However Luxembourg is determined to constantly consolidate, up-date and improve its dispositions with regard to safety of radioactive substances.

New challenges and activities are:

- Transposition of the COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2011/70/ EURATOM of July 19, 2011 - Establishment and implementation of an national program for the management of all types of radioactive waste in parallel with the transposition of the above directive - Review and update of the national emergency response plan - Organize in the course of the ongoing school-year 2011/12 a national campaign to collect the not- used radioactive sources and substances from schools

Country Group 5, LUXEMBOURG page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, KOREA page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

KOREA

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

Korea operates 21 NPP’s, none out of operation, none decommissioned. Furthermore Korea owns 2 research reactors und in total 23 spent fuel storage facilities (wet type) as well as 1 storage facility (dry type).

Long-term Funding of Current practices Planned Management Policy Liabilities / Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel SF stored in spent In-house liability in Interim storage on Will be decided fuel pool on site accordance with reactor site later EBA Nuclear Fuel National policy, will See SF See SF See national Cycle Waste be decided later longterm roadmap for RAW management until 2025 Non-power waste Delivered to KRMC See SF See overview text, See national by KRIA (Korean LILW carrier by longterm roadmap Radioisotope land and sea for RAW Association) management until 2025 Decommissioning Currently KRR-1, 2 NPP licensees, See fund Not decided yet Liabilities and the UCF have reserve fund every been year decommissioned Disused Sealed KRMC is responsible Return to Transfer to KRNC No information Sources for RI management; manufacturer; facility Enforcement decree Decree of RWMA of RWMA

Country Group 5, KOREA page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 102.

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to KOREA Country Article No. of questions Switzerland Planned activities 1 General 1 13 1 14 1 15 1 19 1 19.2.4 2 22 1 24 4 25 3 27 4 32 1 20 Japan General 3 10 1 12.2 1 15 1 16 1 23 3 24 1 32 3 14 Czech Republic 11 2 12 1 16 1 17 1 19 1 20 1 22 1 26 2 28 1 32 2 13 UK Planned activities 3 4 1 20 4 25 1 9

Country Group 5, KOREA page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Questions posted to KOREA Country Article No. of questions United Arab Emirates General 1 3 1 21 2 24 1 32 2 7 USA 10 4 12 1 20 1 25 1 28 2 9 Ireland General 1 19 3 27 1 32 1 6 France General 1 7 1 9 1 14 2 25 1 6 China 13 2 19 1 32 2 5 Austria 16 1 28 1 32 1 3 Italy 16 1 20 1 32 1 3 Germany 22 1 32 1 2 Romania 32 2 2 Slovakia General 1 32 1 2 Luxembourg 27 1 1

102 102

Country Group 5, KOREA page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 102 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles Planned 4 General 8 Article 3 1 Article 4 1 Article 7 1 Article 9 1 Article 10 5 Article 11 2 Article 12 3 Article 13 3 Article 14 3 Article 15 2 Article 16 4 Article 17 1 Article 19 8 Article 20 7 Article 21 1 Article 22 3 Article 23 3 Article 24 6 Article 25 6 Article 26 2 Article 27 6 Article 28 4 Article 32 17

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

11 countries raised 17 questions on article 32: Japan (3), Romania (2), UAE (2), China (2), Czech Republic (2), Germany, Ireland, Italy, Austria, Slovakia and Switzerland.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 Waste classification, clearance levels and activities  Approval of national RAW and SF management policy  Decommissioning fund and time schedule for KRR-1 and 2 facility  Typical activity concentration of LILW-packages  Requirements for collection and delivery of disused sealed sources for KRMC  Disposal policy regarding nat. uranium contaminated waste  Sea-dumping of RAW in Korean legislation  Conditioning issues for specific waste  Degradation (corrosion) of waste drums

General article

6 countries raised 8 questions on this topic: Japan (3), France, Ireland, Slovakia, Switzerland and UAE.

A majority of questions asked for general article was:

 Periodic safety review standards and inspections  Possible contamination of people from affected areas of Japan  Decision-making process for SF-management policy

Country Group 5, KOREA page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 19 – Legislative and regulatory framework

5 countries raised 8 questions on article 19: Switzerland (3), Ireland (2), China, Czech Republic and Japan.

The focus of the questions for article 19 was:

 Clearance level for very low level RAW  Inspection of RAW management facilities  International cooperation agreements  Authorities to regulate licensees  Independence of regulatory bodies  RAW package quality

Article 20 – Regulatory Body

4 countries raised 7 questions an article 20: UK (4), Czech Republic, Italy and USA.

The focus of the questions for article 20 was:

 Independence of regulatory, safety bodies and manpower  Responsibility of different government bodies  Nuclear safety cooperation agreement with IAEA for Asian partners

Article 24 – Operational radiation protection

3 countries raised 6 questions on article 24: Switzerland (4), Japan and UAE.

The focus of the questions for article 24 was:

 Environment impact assessment actions  Intention of changing effective dose limit  Report time for radiation incidents  Different release levels of radioactive materials  Dose limit for pregnant females

Article 16 – Operation of facilities

4 countries raised 4 questions on article 16: Austria, Czech Republic, Italy and Japan.

The focus of the questions for article 16 was:

 Definition of waste acceptance criteria including restrictions on radiological content

Country Group 5, KOREA page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 28 – Disused sealed sources

3 countries raised 4 questions on article 28: USA (2), Austria and Czech Republic.

The focus of the questions for article 28 was:

 Financial security if source holder becomes insolvent  Controlled transport of disused sources back to manufacturer

Planned activities

2 countries raised 4 questions on planned activities: UK (3), Switzerland.

The focus of the questions for planned activities was:

 Basis of decision to retrieve waste from disposal  Exposer dose rate for specific persons  Migration of radionuclides into natural barriers

Article 25 – Emergency preparedness

4 countries raised 6 questions on article 25: Switzerland (3), France, UK and USA.

The focus of the questions for article 25 was:

 Safety status of SF pools on reactor sites  Radiological emergency information plan  Redundancy of power supply of IERN of stations  Role of MEST and MOPAS for nuclear emergency  Korea’s environmental monitoring emergency capabilities

Article 27 – Transboundary movement

3 countries raised 6 questions on article 27: Switzerland (4), Ireland and Luxembourg.

The focus of the questions for article 27 was:

 Revision of transport procedures for RAW material  Details for transport of SF und reprocessed SF

Country Group 5, KOREA page 7 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 10 – Disposal of spent fuel

2 countries raised 5 questions on article 10: USA (4) and Japan.

The focus of the questions for article 10 was:

 Establishment of short and medium term SF-management plan  Public involvement in development of a reference disposal system  Progress of site selection for a deep geological disposal  Benefits from international collaborations

Other articles All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 The role and independency of regulatory bodies

 International cooperation agreements  Authorities to regulate licensees  Independence of regulatory bodies  Independency of regulatory and safety bodies  Responsibility of different governmental bodies  Nuclear safety cooperation agreement with IAEA for Asian partners  Role of MEST and MOPAS for nuclear emergency  Korea’s environmental monitoring emergency capabilities

3.2 SF and RAW management policy and strategy

 Approval of nat. RAW and SF management policy  Decision-making process of SF management policy  Migration of radionuclides into natural barriers  Safety status of SF pools on reactor sites  Revision of transport procedures for RAW material  Details for transport of SF and reprocessed SF  Establishment of short and medium term SF management plan

Country Group 5, KOREA page 8 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3.3 Korean waste disposal policy

 Waste classification, clearance levels and activities  Clearance level for very low level RAW  Intention of changing effective dose limit  Different release levels of radioactive materials  Dose limit for pregnant females  Definition of waste acceptance criteria including restrictions on radiological content  Exposer dose for specific persons

3.4 Environmental impact assessments actions and information policy

 Possible contamination of people from affected areas of Japan  Environment impact assessment actions  Report time for radiation incidents  Radiological emergency information plan  Redundancy of power supply of IERN of stations

3.5 Management of disused sealed sources

 Financial security if some holder becomes insolvent  Controlled transport of disused sources back to manufacturer

3.6 Safety review standards and inspections

 Periodic safety review standards and inspections  Inspection of RAW management facilities

3.7 Conditioning issues for specific RAW

4. Challenges and / or good practices

 The purpose of a “National Long-Term Road Map for Radioactive Waste Management Technology” is to establish the road map for the overall technologies required for radioactive waste management, covering the transport, storage, treatment and disposal of radioactive waste centering on the technological developments to be pursued until 2025

 Current nuclear laws in Korea specify the basic requirements for the deep geological disposal of HLW. Related technical standards are currently developed

 The Atomic Computerized technical Advisory system for a Radiological Emergencies (AtomCare) plays a crucial function and role in operating a

Country Group 5, KOREA page 9 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

 This system has been established to identify the safety status of a power plant in the case of abnormal radiological events, predict radiological effects and take prompt actions by collecting real-time data and performing radioactivity impact assessments and taking responsive measures

 The government will establish the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC), an independent nuclear safety regulation agency directly responsible to the President for the separation and independence of nuclear safety operations

 The good practices identified by the IRRS (Integrated Regulatory Review of the IAEA) are the clear and structured national approach for nuclear safety; strong supports to the global nuclear safety regime; high level of regulatory expertise and effective human capital programme; comprehensive and integrated computerized information and data management system, etc.

Country Group 5, KOREA page 10 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, AUSTRIA page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

AUSTRIA

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

There is no NPP in Austria (forbidden by law), no spent fuel is stored. The research reactor ASTRA in Seibersdorf was decommissioned (2000 - 2005), a small TRIGA reactor at the university in Vienna is still working until 2016. Conditioning and interim storage of occurring waste is handled by NES* under contract with the government.

Long-term Funding of Current practices Planned Management Policy Liabilities / Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel Contract with USA Funding available Research reactor None fuels sent back to DOE Nuclear Fuel See SF See SF See SF See SF Cycle Waste Non-power waste By law and contract Funding available See NES Under to NES construction Decommissioning Long-term contract Funding available Fixed by contract See NES Liabilities available Disused Sealed New radiation Polluter pays See NES See NES Sources protection ordinance principle

*NES: Nuclear Engineering Seibersdorf GmbH

Country Group 5, AUSTRIA page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 48

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to Austria No. of Country Article questions Switzerland 10 1 13 1 24 1 25 2 32 7 12 Czech Republic 11 2 12 1 14 1 19 2 28 1 7 Ireland General 1 20 1 22 1 24 1 32 2 6 USA 6 1 11 1 19 1 26 1 27 1 5 Luxembourg 21.1 1 32 3 4 Portugal General 2 32 1 3 Germany 9 1 12 1 32 1 3

Country Group 5, AUSTRIA page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Questions posted to Austria No. of Country Article questions Slovenia 13 2 19 1 3 Greece 14 2 2 Bulgaria 12 1 1 Italy 16 1 1 Korea 28 1 1 48 48

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 48 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles General 3 Article 6 1 Article 9 1 Article 10 1 Article 11 3 Article 12 3 Article 13 3 Article 14 3 Article 16 1 Article 19 4 Article 20 1 Article 21 1 Article 22 1 Article 24 2 Article 25 2 Article 26 1 Article 27 1 Article 28 2 Article 32 14

Major themes raised by questions/comments that could be discussed is the following one:

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

5 countries raised 14 questions on article 32: Switzerland (7), Luxembourg (3), Ireland (2), Germany and Portugal.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 Regional shared international repository  Disused sources transfer back to manufacturer  Level of higher active waste not defined as HLW  National program according to Council Directive 2011/70  Transition and different treatment of RAW  Time schedule for interim storage operation  New construction- and operating licenses for conditioning facilities  New storage facility construction and inspection concept  Conditioning concept for final disposal

Country Group 5, AUSTRIA page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 19 – Legislative and regulatory framework

3 countries raised 4 questions an article 19: Czech Republic (2), Slovenia and USA.

The focus of the questions for article 19 was:

 Providing details of radioactive waste management for EU-members/states  Siting and decommissioning of RAW-facilities  Legal basis for licensing process  Accrued rights of licensee vs new safety requirements

Article 11 – General safety requirements

2 countries (Czech Republic and USA) raised 3 questions an article 11:

 Overview of new conditioning facilities  Documentation of RAW stored in interim storage  Shared disposal facility concept

Article 13 – Siting of proposed facilities

2 countries (Slovenia and Switzerland) raised 3 questions an article 13:

 National strategy for siting and final repository (3 x)

General article

2 countries (Ireland and Portugal) raised 3 questions on this topic:

 Giving thanks for comprehensive national report  Classification for contaminated scrap metal  Implementation of national plan for RAW-management

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

Country Group 5, AUSTRIA page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 Final repository strategy

 Regional, shared international repository  Conditioning concept for final disposal  Longterm interim storage until 2030  Implementation of national plan for RAW-management according to EURATOM directive

3.2 Licensing and regulatory issues

 New construction- and operating licenses  Legal basis for licensing process  Waste acceptance criteria for storage  New storage facilities conditions  Accrued rights of licenses vs new requirements

3.3 Siting and decommissioning issues

 National strategy for siting of final repository  Siting and decommissioning of RAW-facilities

3.4 Information about waste management process and classifications

 Documentation of old radwaste  Classification for contaminated scrap metal  Definition of level “higher active waste”  Transition and different treatment of radwaste  Change in conditioning of incinerator ash

3.5 Disused sealed sources

 Disused sources transferred back to manufacturers  Incident risks covered in final disposal fee

Country Group 5, AUSTRIA page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

4. Challenges and / or good practices

As shown in the present National Report, the safety of radioactive waste management in Austria complies with the obligations of the Convention. However, Austria strives for continuing improvements of safety:

 In compliance with the Joint Agreement between the Republic of Austria, Nuclear Engineering Seibersdorf GmbH (NES) and the Community of Seibersdorf, longterm interim storage (“transfer storage”) of radioactive waste has to be assured until 2030

This extension of the storage time for the existing (and future) radioactive waste requires

- significant investments in new buildings and machinery - additional measures for the stored containers with radioactive waste (additional and re- conditional)

at Nuclear Engineering Seibersdorf

 Therefore, a comprehensive modernization project for radioactive waste management at Nuclear Engineering Seibersdorf started in 2009 and is ongoing

 Austria as a member state of the EU has to transpose and implement the obligations of the Council Directive 2011/70/EURATOM into national legislation before 23 August 2013

Country Group 5, AUSTRIA page 7 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

April 12th, 2012

Country Group 5, PORTUGAL page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

PORTUGAL

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

No NPP, but produces waste from medical, industrial and research applications. SF from Portugese research reactor RPI (1 MW). No SF reprocessing foreseen, reshipment to producer. No RAW management plan was established.

Long-term Funding of Current practices Planned Management Policy Liabilities / Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel / SF Contact USA / DOE Still open Interim storage None Nuclear Fuel See SF See SF See SF See SF Cycle Waste Non-power waste By decree-law and To be discussed Interim storage at Site selection ITN PAIRR/ITN, process for ministerial order surface on NSR- 10A/MCT/96 reporting Decommissioning In future directive To be discussed Under ITN-license None Liabilities 2011/70 EURATOM Disused Sealed By decree-law Defined by ITN, Under INT-license Return to Sources 38/2007 and deposit during manufacturer licensee ITN operation

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 44. The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are:

Questions posted to Portugal No. of Country Article questions: Switzerland 3 1 16 1 19 1 25 3 27 1 32 6 13

Country Group 5, PORTUGAL page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Questions posted to Portugal No. of Country Article questions: France Planned activities 1 19 1 20 2 28 1 32 3 8 Czech Republic 12 2 15 1 16 1 20 2 28 1 32 1 8 Ireland General 2 20 1 32 2 5 USA 13 1 19 1 26 1 28 1 4 Germany 19 1 32.1.5 1 2 Austria 22 1 32 1 2 Italy 16 1 1 Korea 28 1 1 44 44

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, the 44 questions are distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles Planned 1 General 2 Article 3 1 Article 12 2 Article 13 1 Article 15 1 Article 16 3 Article 19 4 Article 20 5 Article 22 1 Article 25 3 Article 26 1 Article 27 1 Article 28 4 Article 32 14

Country Group 5, PORTUGAL page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

Article 32 – Reporting

6 countries raised 14 questions on article 32: Switzerland (6), France (3), Ireland (2), Czech Republic, Germany and Austria.

The focus of the questions for article 32 was:

 Reduction of waste through back-shipping of disused sources to supplier  Licensed RAW management facilities and documentations  RAW management of ITN, declaration and characterization of radioactive materials as RAW  Characterization of the intermin storage facility for RAW and aprovements  Deposit paid for each sealed source  Storage of SF of the research reactor, re-evaluation  Transport of RAW between Portugal and other countries  Calculation models for cost of financial disposal  Site selection studies for a near surface facility  Database for registration of RAW

Article 20 – Regulatory Body

3 countries raised 5 questions an article 20: Czech Republic (2), France (2) and Ireland.

The focus of the questions for article 20 was:

 Non-compliances with articles of JC like dependent regulatory authority, missing classification system on decommissioning fund  Communication process between the licensing authorities  Responsibility of ITN as operator and inspection authority

Article 19 – Legisaltive and regulatory framework

4 countries raised 4 questions on article 19: France, Germany, Switzerland, USA and Czech Republic.

The focus of the questions for article 19 was:

 Transposition of Directive 2011/70/EURATOM into the national legislation  Dependent regulatory authorities and operator  Further development of legislation, technical and legal competences

Country Group 5, PORTUGAL page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Article 28 – Disused sealed sources

4 countries raised 4 questions on article 28: Czech Republic, France, Korea and USA.

The focus of the questions for article 28 was:

 Sending disused sealed sources back to manufacturer  More details about waste sources  Long term management plan for disused sources  Documentation and control of back-shipping

Article 16 – Operation of facilities

3 countries raised 3 questions on article 16: Czech Republic, Italy, Switzerland.

The focus of the questions for article 16 was:

 License authority for interim storage facility  Safety requirements and inspections for PAIRR storage facilites

Article 25 – Emergency preparedness

1 country raised 3 questions on article 25: Switzerland.

The focus of the questions for article 25 was:

 Emergency plan for large scale events and all installations  Protective measures of nuclear installations emergency plan

General Article

1 country raised 2 questions on general article 25: Ireland

The focus of the questions for article 25 was:

 No legislative or financial framework for CIPRSN

Other articles

All other articles have less than 3 questions and are not listed yet.

Country Group 5, PORTUGAL page 5 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3. Main points of interest

The questions to the National Report cover wide spectra of issues to all articles of JC. Because similar issues refer to different articles of JC, the following text summarizes some main points of interest according their frequency of occurrence.

3.1 Compliance and dependency of regulatory authorities

 Non-compliances with articles of JC like dependent regulatory authority, missing classification system or decommissioning fund  Communication process between the licensing authorities  Dependent regulatory authorities and operator  No legislative of financial framework for CIPRSN

3.2 Interim storage of SF and RAW

 Characterization of the interim storage facility  Storage of SF of the research reactor, re-evaluation  License authority for interim storage facility  Safety requirements and inspections for PAIRR storage

3.3 Management of disused sealed sources

 Reduction of waste through back-shipping of disused sources to supplier  Deposit paid for each sealed source  Send disused sealed sources back to manufacturer  More details about waste sources  Long-term management plan for disused sources  Documentation and control of back-shipping

3.4 RAW management policy, declarations, characterizations and documentations

 Licensed RAW management facilities and documentations  RAW management of ITN, declaration and characterization of radioactive materials as RAW  Transport of RAW between Portugal and other countries  Database for registration of RAW

3.5 Transposition of Directive 2011/70/EURATOM

 Transposition of Directive 2011/70/EURATOM in the national legislation  Further development of legislation, technical and legal competences  Emergency plan for large scale events and all installations  Protective measures of nuclear installations, emergency plan

Country Group 5, PORTUGAL page 6 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3.6 Site selection measures and financial funds

 Calculation models for costs of final disposal  Site selection studies for a near surface facility

4. Challenges and / or good practices

 All safety provisions for the Portugese Research Reactor were reviewed before it started operating with its current low-enriched fuel in 2007. The equipment for monitoring the releases of the research reactor has been completely renewed since 2004

 To improve safety some planned activities are:

- Emergency preparedness in the wake of the Fukushima accident - Improvements in the PAIRR storage - Increased cooperation with other countries, namely Spain

Country Group 5, PORTUGAL page 7 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

JOINT CONVENTION ON THE SAFETY OF SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT AND ON THE SAFETY OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

COUNTRY GROUP 5

Cyprus Italy Germany Ireland Switzerland Luxembourg Korea, Republic of Austria Portugal Nigeria

May 8th, 2012

Country Group 5, NIGERIA page 1 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

Synopsis of the National Report of

NIGERIA

COUNTRY GROUP 5

1. Brief description of the Country situation

Nigeria doesn’t operate a NPP nor a research reactor or other nuclear installations or uranium/thorium mines, except the existing miniature research reactor (NIRR-1) in the Center for Energy and Research and Training in Zaria (CERT). Spent fuel only exists from this miniature research reactor. The federal government of Nigeria declared its intention to generate electricity through nuclear technology in 2005. Ionizing radiation in Nigeria is used mainly in medicine, some used in industry and research. No spent fuel and only a few amount of non- power radioactive waste were produced.

Long-term Management Funding of Liabilities Current Planned Policy practices / Facilities Facilities Spent Fuel Nigerian Radioactive Waste The authority NNRA Temporary None Management Policy and expects spent fuel from storage in certified Strategy (NRWMPS) NIRR-1 transport packages Nuclear Fuel Cycle Nigerian Radioactive Waste Responsible is the None None Waste Management Policy and Nigerian Nuclear Strategy (NRWMPS) Regulatory Authority (NNRA). Expected to take back by manufacturers (IAEA, China, Nigeria agreement) Non-power waste Some amount of legacy waste, Licensee; Extended None orphan waste and TENORM state budget temporary storage stored in only 1 radioactive planned waste storage facility located in Zaria (CERT); Nigerian Radioactive Waste Management Policy and Strategy (NRWMPS) Decommissioning Regulation 80 of the NBIRR Licence holder pays None None Liabilities (Nigerian Basic Ionizing Regulation Regulatories); Nigerian Radioactive Waste Management Policy and Strategy (NRWMPS) Disused Sealed Return to supplier or Licensee; Existing intermin Expanding of Sources manufacturer; State budget storage in CERT RWMF in Export for disposal; Nigerian Zeria CERT Zaria Radioactive Waste Management Policy and Strategy (NRWMPS)

Country Group 5, NIGERIA page 2 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

2. Overview of Questions/Comments and Answers

2.1 Countries Submitting Questions/Comments and Answered:

Total questions or comments posted: 1

The list of countries submitting questions/comments, and the number of submitted questions/comments are: Austria.

2.2. Areas of most interest, based on the number of questions/ comments

With regard to Joint Convention articles, 12 questions were distributed as follows:

Articles Articles Articles Articles Articles General 1 Article 3 3 Article 11 1 Article 13 1 Article 28 1 Article 32 4

2.3. Selection of themes or key issues arising from the questions/comments or answers that could be discussed in the Group 5 session

2 countries raised 12 questions: Austria (1) and USA (11).

The focus of the questions for article 32 – Reporting was:

 Arrangement with the IAEA and China for removal of spent fuel  More details on the temporary source storage facility at the Ajaokuta Steel Mill  New radioactive waste management facility at the Nuclear Technology Center in Sheda, Abuja

Further questions on other articles:

 Quantity of NORM including “TENORMS” (Article 3)  Decommissioning plan for the NIRR-1 miniature reactor facility (Article 3)  Detect and control orphan sources (Article 3)  Status of the TAC = Technical Advisory Committee (Article 11)  Development of a disposal facility (Article 13)

Country Group 5, NIGERIA page 3 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand

IAEA Joint Convention Fourth Review Meeting, May 2012

3. Main points of interest

3.1 Nigeria’s plan to generate electricity through nuclear technology.

3.2 Future shipment of spent fuel from miniature research reactor in the Center of Energy Research and Training (CERT) in Zaria

3.3 Handling of TENORMS from mine tailings and contaminated pipes

3.4 Practical solutions for handling of disused sealed sources

4. Challenges and / or good practices

For the purpose of improving the safety of radioactive wastes generated, Nigeria plans to:

 Establish and operate a suitable inventory of radioactive wastes of all types

 Establish regulations and guidance documents on spent fuel and radioactive waste management

 Conduct audit of radioactive materials in RWMFs periodically

 Upgrade of safety and security of the RWMF in Zaria

 Construct and operate more RWMF in the country

 Train more staff on radioactive waste management

Country Group 5, NIGERIA page 4 Coordinator: G. Hillebrand