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Prüfung Von Unterlagen Zur Schließung Der Schachtanlage Asse II Im Hinblick Auf Die Anforderungen Eines Atomrechtlichen Planfeststellungsverfahrens

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Prüfung Von Unterlagen Zur Schließung Der Schachtanlage Asse II Im Hinblick Auf Die Anforderungen Eines Atomrechtlichen Planfeststellungsverfahrens Prüfung von Unterlagen zur Schließung der Schachtanlage Asse II im Hinblick auf die Anforderungen eines atomrechtlichen Planfeststellungsverfahrens Fachbereich Sicherheit nuklearer Entsorgung Dr. Peter Brennecke, Dr. Gernot Eilers, Reinhard Köster, Karin Kugel, Dirk Laske, Kai Möller, Dr. Jürgen Preuss, Matthias Ranft, Urban Regenauer, Nicole Schubarth-Engelschall, Christine Schulze, Dr. Gerhard Stier-Friedland, Dr. Jörg Thiel, Andreas Weiser, Dr. Jürgen Wollrath, Hans-Jürgen Ziegler, Dr. Jürgen Gerler (SW 1.7) Salzgitter, 26.09.2007 KURZFASSUNG Verfasser: Dr. Peter Brennecke, Dr. Gernot Eilers, Reinhard Köster, Karin Kugel, Dirk Laske, Kai Möller, Dr. Jürgen Preuss, Matthias Ranft, Urban Regenauer, Nicole Schubarth-Engelschall, Christine Schulze, Dr. Gerhard Stier-Friedland, Dr. Jörg Thiel, Andreas Weiser, Dr. Jürgen Wollrath, Hans-Jürgen Ziegler, Dr. Jürgen Gerler (SW 1.7) Titel: Prüfung von Unterlagen zur Schließung der Schachtanlage Asse II im Hinblick auf die Anforderungen eines atomrechtlichen Planfeststellungsverfahrens Stand: 26.09.2007 Stichworte: Forschungsbergwerk Asse, Schachtanlage Asse II, Stilllegung, Langzeitsicherheitsnachweis, Vollständigkeitsprüfung, Tiefgangsprüfung, atomrechtliches Planfeststellungsverfahren Die Schachtanlage Asse II, in der ca. 47.000 m3 radioaktive Abfälle mit einer Gesamtaktivität von 3,1 x 10 15 Bq (Stand 2002) lagern, wird von der GSF - Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH betrieben. Die Versuchseinlagerung endete 1978 und die Forschungsarbeiten wurden 1992 beendet. Zurzeit läuft das Genehmigungsverfahren zur Stilllegung. Das Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz wurde vom Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit mit einer Stellungnahme beauftragt, inwieweit die mit dem Abschlussbetriebsplan zur Schließung der Schachtanlage Asse II (Forschungs- bergwerk Asse) vorgelegten Nachweise zur Langzeitsicherheit analog und mit gleichem Tiefgang zu einem atomrechtlichen Planfeststellungsverfahren nach Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik geführt werden. Grundlage dieser Stellungnahme sind 33 von der GSF beim Landesamt für Bergbau, Energie und Geologie eingereichte Unterlagen zur Nachweisführung der Langzeitsicherheit, die dem Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz zur Verfügung gestellt wurden. Die Vollständigkeit der vorgelegten Unterlagen wird auf Grundlage der Erfahrungen aus den atomrechtlichen Planfeststellungsverfahren Endlager Konrad und Stilllegung des Endlager für radioaktive Abfälle Morsleben bewertet. Einzelbewertungen erfolgen für die bei solchen Verfahren üblicherweise zu behandelnden Themenkomplexe. Die Themenkomplexe geologisch-hydrogeologische, bergbaulich-gebirgsmechanische und seismologische Standortbeschreibung, radioaktive Abfälle, Langzeitsicherheitsanalyse und Safety Case werden in den vorgelegten Unterlagen vollständig behandelt. Nicht vollständig behandelt werden die Planungen zum Verfüllen und Verschließen des Grubengebäudes. Auf einige Themenkomplexe wird nicht eingegangen (radiologische und allgemeine Standortbeschreibung, Analysen zum bestimmungsgemäßen Stilllegungsbetrieb, Störfallanalysen, Nachweise zur Kritikalitätssicherheit im Stilllegungsbetrieb und zur Standsicherheit der Schächte bei Beanspruchung infolge Erdbeben, Anlagensicherung, Anlagenplanung, Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung, Maßnahmen zum Abschluss des Betriebes), was zum Teil darin begründet ist, dass dem Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz ausschließlich 33 Unterlagen zur Langzeitsicherheit vorgelegt wurden. Die Prüfung des Tiefgangs der vorgelegten Unterlagen erbrachte das Ergebnis, dass in Teilaspekten die für ein atomrechtliches Planfeststellungsverfahren zur Stilllegung eines Bergwerks mit radioaktiven Abfällen notwendigen Nachweise in dem erforderlichen Tiefgang dargestellt sind (seismologische Standortbeschrei- bung, Radionuklidinventar, Tragfähigkeitsanalyse, gebirgsmechanische Langzeit- und Senkungsprognose, Grundwassermodellierung, geologische Langzeitprognose, Szenarienanalyse, Berechnung des Radionuklid- quellterms, Biosphärenmodell, Gasbildung). Andere Teilaspekte weisen diesen Tiefgang jedoch nicht oder nicht in allen Punkten auf (allgemeine Standortbeschreibung, geologische Standortbeschreibung, Kritikalität, Planungen und Nachweise zum Verfüll- und Verschlusskonzept, grundwasserrelevante Aspekte, Langzeit- sicherheitsnachweis). Auf einige notwendige Teilaspekte wird in den Unterlagen nicht eingegangen (radiologische Standortbeschreibung, Sicherheitsanalyse für den bestimmungsgemäßen Stilllegungsbetrieb, Störfallanalyse). Da weitere Unterlagen zur Langzeitsicherheit nicht zur Verfügung gestellt wurden, war es 3 nur in wenigen Fällen möglich, die Qualität und Quantität der Daten, auf welchen der Langzeitsicherheits- nachweis basiert, in die Tiefgangsprüfung einzubeziehen. Eingeschränkt sind aus diesem Grund auch Aussagen zum Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik der angewandten Auswertemethoden und Berechnungsverfahren sowie der vorgesehenen Verfüll- und Verschlussmaßnahmen. Aus Sicht des Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz sind die zur Prüfung vorgelegten 33 Unterlagen im Hinblick auf ein atomrechtliches Planfeststellungsverfahren nicht vollständig. Sie weisen nicht für alle fachlichen Aspekte den dafür notwendigen Tiefgang auf. 4 ABSTRACT Authors: Dr. Peter Brennecke, Dr. Gernot Eilers, Reinhard Köster, Karin Kugel, Dirk Laske, Kai Möller, Dr. Jürgen Preuss, Matthias Ranft, Urban Regenauer, Nicole Schubarth-Engelschall, Christine Schulze, Dr. Gerhard Stier-Friedland, Dr. Jörg Thiel, Andreas Weiser, Dr. Jürgen Wollrath, Hans-Jürgen Ziegler, Dr. Jürgen Gerler (SW 1.7) Title: Evaluation of the evidence for long-term safety submitted with the closing operating plan for the closure of the Asse II mine with respect to the requirements of a licensing (plan-approval) procedure under nuclear law Status: 26.09.2007 Key words: Asse research mine, Asse II mine, decommissioning, proof of long-term safety, evaluation for completeness, evaluation for depth, licensing (plan-approval) procedure under nuclear law The Asse II mine wherein approx. 47,000 m3 radioactive waste with a total activity of 3.1 x 10 15 Bq (as of 2002) has been emplaced, is operated by GSF - Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH. The trial emplacement operations ceased in 1978 and research & development work was finished in 1992. At present, the decommissioning licensing procedure is performed. Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz was charged by Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit with an evaluation stating to what extent the evidence for long-term safety that had been submitted with the closing operating plan for the closure of the Asse II mine (Asse research mine) is complete and has been furnished with the same depth as a licensing (plan-approval) procedure under nuclear law according to the state-of-the-art of science and technology. This evaluation is based on 33 documents relating to the furnishing of evidence of long-term safety which were submitted by GSF to Landesamt für Bergbau, Energie und Geologie and were available to Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz. The completeness of the submitted documents is evaluated on the basis of the experience gained in the licensing (plan-approval) procedures under nuclear law for the Konrad repository and the decommissioning of the Morsleben radioactive waste repository. Single evaluations are carried out for ranges of topics that must usually treated in such procedures. The range of topics on the geological-hydrogeological, mining- related and rock mechanical as well as seismological site characterisation were completely treated in the submitted documents. The plans for the backfilling and sealing of the mine were not completely treated. Some of the range of topics were not treated at all (radiological and general site characterisation, analyses of the normal decommissioning operation, incident analysis, evidence of criticality safety during the decommissioning operation and evidence of the stability of the shafts due to earth quakes, facility security, facility planning, environmental assessment as well as measures for operational closure), which is partially due to the fact that solely documents relating to long-term safety were submitted to Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz. The evaluation for depth of the submitted documents had the result that some aspects of the evidence required for a licensing (plan-approval) procedure under nuclear law for the closure of a mine with radioactive waste have been presented in the submitted documents with the required depth (seismological site characterisation, radionuclide inventory, analysis of load-bearing capacity, rock mechanical long term and subsidence prognoses, groundwater modelling, geological long term prognoses, scenario analysis, calculation of the radionuclide source term, biosphere model, gas formation). Other aspects do not hold this depth, however, or not in all aspects (general site characterisation, geological site characterisation, criticality, plans and evidence regarding the backfilling and sealing concept, groundwater-related aspects, evidence of long term safety). Some necessary aspects are not mentioned in the documents (radiological site characteri- sation, safety assessment of the normal decommissioning operation, incident analysis). Since further long 5 term safety-related documents were not available, it was only in some cases possible to include the quality and quantity of the data which the long-term safety proof is based on, in the evaluation for depth. For the same reason, statements on the state-of-the-art
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