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© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

OUR PALAWAN

The Scientific Journal of the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development
Volume 3 Issue 1, January - June 2017

Published by
The Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD)
PCSD Building, Sports Complex Road,
Brgy. Sta. Monica Heights,
Puerto Princesa City
P.O. Box 45 PPC 5300 Philippines

PCSD Publications © Copyright 2017
ISSN: 2423-222X
Online: www.pkp.pcsd.gov.ph www.pcsd.gov.ph

Cover Photo

The endemic species of Palawan and Philippines (from top to bottom) : Medinilla sp.,

Palawan Pangolin Manus culionensis spp., Palawan Bearcat Arctictis binturong whitei, Palawan Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa palawanensis, Blue-naped parrot T a nygnathus lucionensis, Philippine Cockatoo Cacatua haematuropydgia. (Photo courtesy: PCSDS)

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

EDITORS’ NOTE

Our Palawan is an Open Access journal. It is made freely available for researchers, students, and readers from private and government sectors that are interested in the sustainable management, protection and conservation of the natural resources of the Province of Palawan. It is accessible online through the websites of Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (pcsd.gov.ph) and Palawan Knowledge Platform for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (pkp.pcsd.gov.ph). Hard copies are also available in the PCSD Library and are distributed to the partner government agencies and academic institutions. The authors and readers can read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of published articles.

Our Palawan practices a double-blind peer review. The review process has basically three stages: (1) primary checking (the Editors make sure that the manuscript complies with the Author’s Guidelines); (2) review by the external reviewers, involving an assessment of its suitability for publication (compatibility with Our Palawan ’ s aims and scopes, evidence of research, sufficiency of references to the international literature, and scientific soundness); and (3) proofreading and checking whether the article is written in compliance with the Author’s Guidelines.

Submission of Manuscript. For the next issue, submission of manuscripts is now open for acceptance. Manuscripts should comply with the Author’s Guidelines which could be obtained by e-mail from the Editors at [email protected], PCSD Building, Sta. Monica Puerto Princesa City, Palawan.

Copyright. The articles for publication should not violate the other author’s rights and copyright, fully or partially, through plagiarism (including self-plagiarism) or inclusion of elements (such as figures and photos) that do not belong to the author and for which no written consent to use is given by the owner. The author ensures that the paper has not been published or submitted for publication to any other journal and that the research described in the paper is original. The author also assumes full responsibility for the contents, correctness and originality of the paper.

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

i

Editorial Board

Nelson P. Devanadera, Executive Director
Atty. Adelina B. Benavente-Villena, Deputy Executive Director
Josephine S. Matulac, Director II

Technical Editors

Engr. Madrono P. Cabrestante Jr., Division Head, EMKM
Marianne Faith G. Martinico-Perez, Research Analyst, EMKKM

Editorial Staff

Arnica D. Mortillero
Kit Jasper S. Hernandez
Celso S. Quiling Jenevieve P. Hara

ISSN: 2423-222X
©Palawan Council for Sustainable Development
PCSD Building, Sports Complex Road, Sta. Monica Heights
Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, 5300, Philippines

ii

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

OUR PALAWAN

The Scientific Journal of the Palawan Council Sustainable Development
Volume 3 Issue 1 January – June 2017

Directory of External Reviewers
Dr. William Sm. Gruezo

Retired Faculty, University of the Philippines Los Baños

Dr. Chona Camile Vince Cruz-Abeledo

De La Salle University

Dr. Allaine T. Baaco

Western Philippines University

Engr. Glenn S. Banaguas OYS

De La Salle Araneta University

Dr. Perry S. Ong

University of the Philippines Diliman

Dr. rer. net. Thomas Edison E. Dela Cruz

University of Sto. Tomas

Dr. Roger G. Dolorosa

Western Philippines University

Dr. Benjamin J. Gonzales

Western Philippines University

Dr. Cherry Myo Lwin

Ritsumeikan University, Japan

Dr. Patrick A. Regoniel

Palawan State University

Dr. Shiela G. Vergara

ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity

Dr. Irina Safitri Zen

Institut Sultan Iskandar (ISI)

iii

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE

The publication of Our Palawan is another strategy to provide venue where we can share information that could benefit our students, researchers, communities and stakeholders. This is our humble contribution as environmental research is identified as a support mechanism of the Republic Act 7611. As we proudly claim, we take Palawan Province as a unique living laboratory having the large proportion of endemic plants and animals with total of 32 identified Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs).

We believe that all information generated through various researches and studies should be shared best in an accessible and user-friendly medium. On this note, we simultaneously upload this publication in digital format through the Palawan Knowledge Platform (PKP). The PKP, on the other hand, is a joint initiative of our organization in cooperation with our partners from various institutions, particularly the academe, other government agencies and the public sector to facilitate information sharing among the member-agencies. We are very pleased that this commendable initiative has gained ground with the active support and cooperation from our partners.

With respect to the policy formulation process, the Palawan Council for Sustainable
Development - Scientific Advisory Panel (PCSD- SAP) has been reactivated to provide expert’s advice on certain issues for resolution of the Council. We endeavor to regularly convene the Panel and be able to seek their inputs on matters that require scientific expertise or opinion. This is our commitment to a science-based decision making by the Council.

The 4th edition of Our Palawan highlights some of the endemic species of Palawan as included in the research on extracts of selected plants in Puerto Princesa City. We also publish the ethno-food study and protein analysis of beans common among the locals called “lumabeng”. In doing so, we attempt to educate our readers of the beneficial components of some of the plants that maybe found just around Puerto Princesa City and the province of Palawan. On the same context, we packaged the information materials and reports presented in the international fora and conferences participated by the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development representing Palawan Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere Program.

We encourage the students and researchers to continue exploring and then publish the results of their studies. Keep in mind that a single drop of idea today may create a ripple of brilliant thoughts for something big tomorrow!

NELSON P. DEVANADERA

Executive Director

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© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

Table of Contents

  • Editor’s Note
  • i

  • Executive Director’s Message
  • iv

Research Papers

  • 1
  • Hemagglutination and Antimicrobial Potential of Leaf Crude Extracts of Selected Plants

in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar, Shellajean M. Omar, Julius N. Burgos, Ciara Patricia Dicar, Dan Clark S. Bacani, and Edziel P. Hubo

  • 12
  • Ethno-Food Study and Protein Analysis of Lumabeng Beans (Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi

& H. Ohashi) from Agutaya Island, Palawan, Philippines Ronald S. Brillantes

Feature Articles

19 28 33
Expert Advice from the Scientific Advisory Panel of PCSDS: Output of the 3rd Meeting on 20 June 2017

Facing the Odds: Palawan Battles against Forest Destruction (An Update from the Palawan Biosphere Reserve Periodic Report 2015)

Managing Palawan Biosphere Reserve’s Wildlife and their Habitats (An Update from the Palawan Biosphere Reserve Periodic Report 2015)

Forum/ Conference Papers

47 52
A Review of Palawan’s Coral Reefs Carlos Alfredo A. Castillo

The Zero Carbon Resorts for Sustainable Tourism Project: Promoting Biodiversity Friendly Enterprise

56 60
Research bits About the Authors

v

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

Tubbataha Reefs and Natural Park

declared as Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSN)

Photo Credits: PCSDS

e Tubbataha Refs and Natural Park was approved in principle as a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSN) by the International Maritime Organisation - Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC). e application was approved during MEPC’s 69th session held last 18-22 April 2016 in London. is will serve as an additional protection to the park from shipping vessels that cross its borders which may aground or damage reefs.

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© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

Our Palawan

The Scientific Journal of the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

Research Paper

This article is also available on-line at www.pkp.pcsd.gov.ph

Hemagglutination and Antibacterial Potential of Leaf Crude Extracts of Selected Plants in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines

Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar1, Shellajean M. Omar2, Julius N. Burgos1,
Ciara Patricia Dicar1, Dan Clark S. Bacani1, and Edziel P. Hubo1

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to screen the presence of phytohemagglutinin for ABO bloodgroupsfrom 20 plantspeciesfoundinPuertoPrincesaCity,Palawan. The presence of antibacterial potential was also screened from those which agglutinated one, two, three and four blood types. The agglutination of blood types A, B, AB and O after application with each of the leaf crude extracts was examined macroscopically and microscopically. There were

Keywords:

two trials conducted per treatment per leaf extract. Among the 20 plant species tested, 14 (70%) showed agglutination with at least one blood type while 6 (30%) species did not exhibit agglutination. Two species, the

Palawan Pitcher Plant Nepenthes palawanensis and Cashew Anacardium

occidentale L. agglutinated with all blood types. Four species were found to have the capability of determining a specific blood type: Atsuete (Bixa

orellana L.) and Ilang-ilang (Cananga odorata Lam.) for blood type

O; Balayong (Cassia nodosa Roxb.) for blood type A; and Makabuhay (Tinospora reticulata Miers.) for blood type AB. Cashew, Palawan gabi (Colocasia sp. Schott), Atsuete and Makabuhay leaf extracts were tested

for antibacterial potential against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and

Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among the four plants tested, Makabuhay showed antibacterial effects to five bacterial species (E. coli, S. aureus,

B. cereus, B. megaterium and B. subtilis), followed by Atsuete to four bacterial species (S. aureus, B. cereus, B. subtilis and B. megaterium).

Cashew showed only inhibitory effects toward two bacteria (S. aureus and B. megaterium) while Palawan gabi did not inhibit any of the six bacterial species. None of the four extracts inhibited P . a eruginosa.
Hemagglutination Antibacterial Leaf crude extract Blood type Treatment

1College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University, WPU-Puerto Princesa Campus 2Palawan State University-Brooke’s Point Campus, Brooke’s Point, Palawan

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

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INTRODUCTION

Agglutination is a process applied such as alkaloids, steroids, tannins, and phenol compounds, flavonoids, steroids, resins, fatty acids and gums which are capable of producing definite physiological action on the body (Joshi and Edington 1990). in immunologic reactions including blood testing and other medical applications (Segen and Stauffer 2004 as cited by Ongpoy 2016). This process involves mixing an antibody with its corresponding antigen such as animal cell, bacteria or red blood cells that forms visible clumps. Blood grouping such as ABO blood groups can be done by observing the clumping of red blood cells in the presence of specific antibody. Agglutination for different blood groups upon application of plant extract is due to the lectin present in plants (George et al. 2011) called phytoagglutinin.
In past decades, higher plants are well recognized for their ability to produce a wide spectrum of natural products with interesting bioactivities (Liu et al. 2007) such as antibacterial potential. Although hundreds of plants have been tested, their antimicrobial properties, many of them are not yet explored (Balandrin et al. 1985).
Palawan, dubbed as the Philippines’
“Last Ecological Frontier”, has various plant species that are either endemic or introduced to theprovinceandarebeingprotectedbytheefforts of the government due to deforestation and over-harvesting. Due to Palawan’s uniqueness, the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), declared it as a “Man and Biosphere Reserve” owing to its vast land area and topography divided by tall mountains ranges (https://pnni.wordpress.com/ palawan-biodiversity-facts-and-figures). With the resources found within the reach, the flora of Palawan must be explored scientifically so they can be used in various applications such as medicine and allied health fields.
Plant lectins are a class of proteins, nonimmune in origin, which show a very specific interaction with carbohydrates (George et al. 2011). Lectins have great significance in the diet because of their involvement in gastrointestinal difficulties and erythrocyte agglutination (Zubcevic et al. 2016). Some lectins consumed by the body act as messengers that has the ability to bind to the sugars of cells in the gut and the blood cells, initiating an inflammatory response. Lectin is abundant on the seed and vegetative parts of a plant including roots, leaves, rhizomes and stems (Chrispeels and Raikhel 1991). It also serves as an important antigenic determinant of blood groups for blood type identification.
This study sought to determine hemagglutination and antibacterial potential of selected plant extracts found in Puerto Princesa, Palawan. Specifically, this study aimed to determine the agglutination of ABO (A, B, AB, and O) blood groups with different plant crude extracts and to determine the antibacterial potential of plant extracts which agglutinated all four blood types, only three blood types, only two blood types and only one blood type.
Hemagglutination activity has been tested in wheat germ agglutinin, peanuts and dry cereal (Brady et al. 1978), tomato lectin (Vasconcelos and Oliveira 2004), navy bean lectin (Pusztai et al. 1979), 20 plant species found in human diet (Zubcevic et al. 2016), in tubers of Eranthis hyemalis (winter aconite) (George et al. 2011) and wild grasses (Ongpoy 2016). There are still many plants unexplored as to their potential in hemagglutination such as those found in Palawan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS Locale of the Study and Collection of Plant Samples

Plantextractshaveenormoustherapeutic potential. They are effective in the treatment of infectious diseases while simultaneously extenuating many of the side effects that are often associated with synthetic antibiotics. The beneficial effects of plant materials typically result from the combinations of secondary products present in the plant. In plants, these compounds are mostly secondary metabolites
This study was conducted at the laboratory of College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (CFAS), Western Philippines University-Puerto Princesa Campus, Bgy. Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City.
Twenty plant species were used for this study, collected from different sites in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan. These plants were

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

2

Table 1. List of plants used in this study (Binomial names are based on Merrill ED, 1912, 1923;

Quisumbing 1978; Pancho & Gruezo 2006, 2009; McPherson et al. 2010)

Local Name

Acacia

Scientific Name

Samanea saman   (Jacq.) Mer r . Senna alata L.

Acapulco Atsuete

Bixa orellana L.

Bakawan lalake Balayong Balete

Rhizophora apiculata Blume Cassia nodosa   Roxb. Ficus indica L.

Calamansi Cashew

Citrus microcarpa Bunge Anacardium occidentale L. Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson Gliricidia sepium   (Jacq.) Kunth ex W a lp. Vitex negundo L.

Ilang-ilang Kakawate Lagundi Langka

Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Tinospora reticulata   Miers. Lantana camara L.

Makabuhay Muyo-muyo Palawaan Pitcher Plant Palawan Gabi Paper Tree Sambong

Nepenthes palawanensis (McPherson et al. 2010) Colocasia sp.   Schott Gmelina arborea   Roxb. Blumea balsamifera L.

Seresas

Muntingia calabura L.

Tuboy

Ficus sp. L.

chosen randomly based on their availability nearby and based on usage and frequency of encounter by the local people. Some of these plants were endemic to Palawan while others were introduced species from other parts of the Philippines or other countries. The leaves were the plant parts used for this study. The plants were identified in terms of their local and scientific names (Table 1). both sexes who have blood types A, B, AB and O (n=16) (Zubcevic et al., 2016). The blood samples were treated with synthetic anti-sera to confirm blood types. After confirmation, a drop of blood of a specific blood type on a glass slide was mixed with a drop of extract using sterile toothpick and then observed using a microscope (100x magnification). The process was done promptly to avoid blood drying.

Preparation of plant samples and leaf extraction
Antibacterial Assay

Cashew, Atsuete, Palawan gabi and
The leaves were washed with tap water and rinsed with distilled water after collection. The samples were blot dried and air dried for 2 hrs (Figure 1). Extraction was done by pounding through the use of sterile mortar and pestle, followed by squeezing through sterile cheese cloth and filtering with the use of Whatman filter paper.
Makabuhay were chosen to be tested for antibacterial potential as they agglutinated all four blood types, only three blood types, only two blood types and only one blood type, respectively. The leaf crude extracts of these four selected plant species were screened for antibacterial potential using filter paper disc diffusion method against Escherichia

coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which were obtained

from Mindanao State University, Marawi City.

Blood agglutination by different plant leaf

extracts

The blood samples for this study were obtained from healthy willing individuals of

© 2017 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development

3

B
A

Figure 1. a) washing of samples, b) air drying of plant leaves after washing.
The nutrient agar medium was prepared by dissolving 23 grams of nutrient agar in a flask with distilled water to a volume of 1000ml. The melted nutrient was then transferred to 24 test tubes and covered with lids. The test tubes were labeled and were sterilized by autoclaving at 15 psi for 30 minutes. presence or absence of agglutination are presented in Table 2. Among the 20 plant species tested (first and second trial), 14 (70%) agglutinated with at least one blood type while 6 plant species (30%) did not exhibit agglutination (Figure 2). These results of agglutination were higher than the results obtained by Zubcevic et al. (2016) where they found agglutination to only 11 out of 20 plant species. Results of this study also showed that from the 14 plant species where extracts were capable of agglutination, 35.7% agglutinated blood type A, 50% agglutinated blood type B, 85.7% agglutinated blood type AB and 50% agglutinated blood type O (Figure 3). Blood type AB has the highest percentage agglutination which shows its sensitivity to coagulants. This result is similar to the result of Zubcevic et al. (2016) where blood type AB and O showed the highest percentage agglutination when applied with plant extracts found the human diet. There is no study yet that proved differences in sensitivity of blood types A, B, AB and O to different agglutinins and this area is worth doing a study in the future. Seven species showed inconclusive results due to discrepancy in the first and second trials and another trial must be conducted again for verification.
After sterilization, the test tubes with the culture medium were allowed to cool down to about 45 degrees Celsius. The nutrient agar was then inoculated aseptically with a loopful of test bacteria and rotated gently between hands to ensure uniform distribution and then poured aseptically into its respective pre-labelled Petri plates and were allowed to solidify. The prepared filter paper discs (6mm diameter) from no.1 Whatman filter paper that were soaked from the prepared leaf crude extracts were placed aseptically at designated sectors inside the Petri plates. Amoxicillin (500 mg) was used as the positive control and distilled water as the negative control. The Petri plates were then incubated at 35˚ Celsius for 12-24 hours. After incubation period, the plates were examined for zones of inhibition. The zones of inhibition were measured using standardized transparent ruler in millimeter scale.

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    Humanity Road – Philippines Activation: Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) Situation Report Publication Date: November 14, 2013 Additional Information: Social Media Situation Report Highlights Our regional report contains updates from around the impact zone as of November 14. Of note today are needs in Coron, Guiuan and the island of Batbatan. Note: researching Batbatan Guintacan, Guintarcan, Kinkarkan Bantayan Island: Local spelling and culture lists varying names for Guintacan, which has lead to some confusion when researching needs. o GoMapper: Lists “Guintarcan is a place with a very small population in the province of Samar,” o Wikipedia: Lists “ Guintacan is an island of the province of Cebu in the Philippines” o The needs below is for the islet located between Daanbantayan and Bantayan Island and we advise caution for all those researching and listing needs. In Palawan - Coron, Manlalambay and Panlaitan have updated urgent needs identified (see province report below for more on Coron). In Eastern Samar - Guiuan: Nov 14 Reports needing food, water, anti- tetanus meds, formaldehyde for dead. Medicines: ORS, Antibiotics, Pain relievers, Surgical Sutures, Betadine and more. Looting, security understaffed. See province section below. In CEBU Province the Island of Batbatan also known as Kinatacan/Guintacan/Guinatacan also needs HELP. This islet located between Daanbantayan and Bantayan Island specifically at the tip of Madridejos. What is needed: rice, water, ready to eat food, tarps, candles, matches, lamparilla & kerosine, etc. See province section below for more detail. Twitter handles Facebook pages @Humanityroad Humanity Road @Disasteranimals Animals in Disaster @jAidDog @Digihums About Humanity Road: Founded in 2010 as a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation, Humanity Road is a leader in the field of online disaster response.
  • Income Classification Per DOF Order No. 23-08, Dated July 29, 2008 MUNICIPALITIES Classification NCR 1

    Income Classification Per DOF Order No. 23-08, Dated July 29, 2008 MUNICIPALITIES Classification NCR 1

    Income Classification Per DOF Order No. 23-08, dated July 29, 2008 MUNICIPALITIES Classification NCR 1. Pateros 1st CAR ABRA 1 Baay-Licuan 5th 2 Bangued 1st 3 Boliney 5th 4 Bucay 5th 5 Bucloc 6th 6 Daguioman 5th 7 Danglas 5th 8 Dolores 5th 9 La Paz 5th 10 Lacub 5th 11 Lagangilang 5th 12 Lagayan 5th 13 Langiden 5th 14 Luba 5th 15 Malibcong 5th 16 Manabo 5th 17 Penarrubia 6th 18 Pidigan 5th 19 Pilar 5th 20 Sallapadan 5th 21 San Isidro 5th 22 San Juan 5th 23 San Quintin 5th 24 Tayum 5th 25 Tineg 2nd 26 Tubo 4th 27 Villaviciosa 5th APAYAO 1 Calanasan 1st 2 Conner 2nd 3 Flora 3rd 4 Kabugao 1st 5 Luna 2nd 6 Pudtol 4th 7 Sta. Marcela 4th BENGUET 1. Atok 4th 2. Bakun 3rd 3. Bokod 4th 4. Buguias 3rd 5. Itogon 1st 6. Kabayan 4th 7. Kapangan 4th 8. Kibungan 4th 9. La Trinidad 1st 10. Mankayan 1st 11. Sablan 5th 12. Tuba 1st blgf/ltod/updated 1 of 30 updated 4-27-16 Income Classification Per DOF Order No. 23-08, dated July 29, 2008 13. Tublay 5th IFUGAO 1 Aguinaldo 2nd 2 Alfonso Lista 3rd 3 Asipulo 5th 4 Banaue 4th 5 Hingyon 5th 6 Hungduan 4th 7 Kiangan 4th 8 Lagawe 4th 9 Lamut 4th 10 Mayoyao 4th 11 Tinoc 4th KALINGA 1. Balbalan 3rd 2. Lubuagan 4th 3. Pasil 5th 4. Pinukpuk 1st 5. Rizal 4th 6. Tanudan 4th 7. Tinglayan 4th MOUNTAIN PROVINCE 1. Barlig 5th 2. Bauko 4th 3. Besao 5th 4.
  • Some Data on the Distribution, Conservation Status and Protection of Freshwater Turtles in the Palawan Island Group, Philippines

    Some Data on the Distribution, Conservation Status and Protection of Freshwater Turtles in the Palawan Island Group, Philippines

    SOME DATA ON THE DISTRIBUTION, CONSERVATION STATUS AND PROTECTION OF FRESHWATER TURTLES IN THE PALAWAN ISLAND GROUP, PHILIPPINES Pierre Fidenci1 and Reymar Castillo2 1Endangered Species International, 79 Brady Street, San Francisco, CA 94108, USA 2Research Coordinator, Biodiversity Center for Research and Conservation, Palawan State University, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines 5300; Project Manager, Philippine Forest Turtle Project, Endangered Species International – Palawan State University Introduction The Palawan Island Group is located between Mindoro Island and North Borneo, approximately 600km south-west of Manila, Philippines. Islands included in this group are Palawan (the largest island), Busuanga, Culion, Lampacan, Cuyo, Dumaran, Cagayancillo (also called Cagayanes) and Balabac. Palawan is the fifth largest island in the Philippine archipelago with an area of more than 11,000 square km. The biological importance of Palawan is widely recognized both nationally and internationally. It has even been designated as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO since 1990. The region includes several existing Proclaimed Conservation Areas such as Coron Islands (7,580 hectares), El Nido Marine Reserve (89,140 hectares), Malampaya Sound (90,000 hectares) and Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park. Palawan has also been declared a mangrove reserve. Palawan has about 422 terrestrial and known marine vertebrate species. This number accounts for about 39% of all the vertebrate species found in the Philippines. Many of the species are endemic to Palawan and have restricted ranges confined to a small area (PCSDS, 2005). The Philippine forest turtle (Siebenrockiella (= Panayenemys) leytensis) (Fig. 1) is one of the most endangered turtle species in the world and the most endangered turtle of the Philippines (Conservation International, 2003; IUCN, 2009).
  • 2019 Annual Regional Economic Situationer

    2019 Annual Regional Economic Situationer

    2019 ANNUAL REGIONAL ECONOMIC SITUATIONER National Economic and Development Authority MIMAROPA Region Republic of the Philippines National Economic and Development Authority MIMAROPA Region Tel (43) 288-1115 E-mail: [email protected] Fax (43) 288-1124 Website: mimaropa.neda.gov.ph ANNUAL REGIONAL ECONOMIC SITUATIONER 2019 I. Macroeconomy A. 2018 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) Among the 17 regions of the country, MIMAROPA ranked 2nd— together with Davao Region and next to Bicol Region—in terms of growth rate. Among the major economic sectors, the Industry sector recorded the fastest growth of 11.2 percent in 2018 from 1.6 percent in 2017. This was followed by the Services sector, which grew by 9.3 percent in 2018 from 8.7 percent in 2017. The Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry (AHFF) sector also grew, but at a slower pace at 2.6 percent in 2018 from 3.0 percent in 2017 (refer to Table 1). Table 1. Economic Performance by Sector and Subsector, MIMAROPA, 2017-2018 (at constant 2000 prices, in percent except GVA) Contribution Percent 2017 2018 GRDP Growth rate Sector/Subsector GVA GVA distribution growth (in P '000) (in P '000) 2017 2018 17-18 16-17 17-18 Agriculture, hunting, 26,733,849 27,416,774 20.24 19.12 0.5 3.0 2.6 forestry, and fishing Agriculture and 21,056,140 21,704,747 15.94 15.13 0.5 4.4 3.1 forestry Fishing 5,677,709 5,712,027 4.30 3.98 0.0 -1.9 0.6 Industry sector 42,649,103 47,445,680 32.29 33.08 3.7 1.6 11.2 Mining and 23,830,735 25,179,054 18.04 17.56 1.0 -5.5 5.7 quarrying Manufacturing 6,811,537 7,304,895
  • Republic of the Philippines PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY Puerto Princesa City, Palawan

    Republic of the Philippines PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY Puerto Princesa City, Palawan

    Republic of the Philippines PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY Puerto Princesa City, Palawan MAJOR PROGRAMS/PROJECTS FOR FY 2016 WITH BENEFICIARIES AND STATUS PROGRAM/PROJECTS NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES STATUS 1. Construction of Mathivation Training All Student with For bidding Center Mathematics Subject 2. Construction of Academic Building, All PSU Araceli Campus On-Going Araceli Campus Students 3. Construction of Academic Building, All PSU Dumaran Campus On-Going Dumaran Campus Students 4. Construction of Academic Building, El All PSU El Nido Campus On-Going Nido Campus Students 5. Construction of Academic Building, All PSU El Nido Campus On-Going Roxas Campus Students 6. Development of R and D All Stakeholders On-Going Infrastructure for Commercialization and Transfer of Technology 7. Construction of Medical Building CNHS Students For later Release (FLR allotment) 8. Construction of Student Dormitory All Students On-going 9. Construction of the Technology CBA Students For later Release Business Incubation Center (FLR allotment) 10. Water Storage facility for BS Fisheries All PSU Araceli Campus On-going Program, Araceli Campus Students 11. Water Storage facility for BS Fisheries All PSU El Nido Campus On-going Program, El Nido Campus Students 12. Water Storage facility for BS Fisheries All PSU Linapacan On-going Program, Linapacan Campus Campus Students 13. Procurement of Database and All Faculty, Staff and For BOR Approval Backup Servers and System Firewall Students biddings Implementation 14. Provision of Internet Connectivity to All Faculty, Staff and For BOR Approval the University Campus Students biddings Implementation 15. Publication of Books on Indigenous All Stakeholders For later Release Knowledge (FLR allotment) .
  • LIST of Universities and Colleges with Free Tuition Starting 2018

    LIST of Universities and Colleges with Free Tuition Starting 2018

    LIST of Universities and Colleges with free tuition starting 2018 Region Name of University LUC/SUC ARMM Adiong Memorial Polytechnic State College SUC ARMM Basilan State College SUC ARMM Mindanao State University SUC ARMM MSU-Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography SUC ARMM Sulu State College SUC ARMM Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College SUC CAR Abra State Institute of Science and Technology SUC CAR Apayao State College SUC CAR Benguet State University SUC CAR Ifugao State University SUC CAR Kalinga State University SUC CAR Mountain Province State University SUC CARAGA Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology SUC CARAGA Caraga State University (Northern Mindanao State Institute of Science and Technology) SUC CARAGA Hinatuan Southern College LUC CARAGA Surigao del Sur State University SUC CARAGA Surigao State College of Technology SUC I Binalatongan Community College LUC I Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University SUC I Ilocos Sur Community College LUC I Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College SUC I Mariano Marcos State University SUC I North Luzon Philippines State College SUC I Pangasinan State University SUC I University of Eastern Pangasinan LUC I University of Northern Philippines SUC I Urdaneta City University LUC II Batanes State College SUC II Cagayan State University SUC II Isabela State University SUC II Nueva Vizcaya State University SUC II Quirino State University SUC III Aurora State College of Technology SUC III Baliuag Polytechnic College LUC III Bataan Peninsula State University SUC III Bulacan Agricultural State College SUC III Bulacan Polytechnic College LUC III Bulacan State University SUC III Central Luzon State University SUC III City College of Angeles LUC III City College of San Fernando, Pampanga LUC III Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University SUC III Eduardo L.