Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan
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Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal (SA): Scoping Report - August 2018: Annex B – Baseline Information Page 2 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) Page 3 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) Contents 1. Introduction 6 1.1 Background 6 1.2 Baseline Information 6 2. Economy and Employment 7 2.1 Economy 7 2.2 Employment 10 2.3 Employment & Retail Needs Assessment (Nathaniel Lichfield & Partners, August 2012) 13 2.4 Hotel Needs Review, Castle Point Borough Council, August 2010 15 2.3 Infrastructure 17 2.4 Summary 19 3. Housing 20 3.1 Housing Supply 20 3.2 Existing Housing Stock 21 3.3 Housing need – Strategic Housing Market Assessment (SHMA) 22 3.4 Homelessness 23 3.5 Gypsy and Traveller Accommodation 24 3.6 Summary 26 4. Population and Society 27 4.1 Population 27 4.2 Education 29 4.3 Quality of Life 32 4.4 Summary 39 5. Health and Wellbeing 40 5.1 Life Expectancy and Health 40 5.2 Physical Activity and Open Space 41 5.3 General Health of the District 42 5.4 Summary 43 6. Transport and Connectivity 44 6.1 Modes and Flows of Travel 44 6.2 Accessibility 49 Page 4 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) 6.3 Road Safety 51 6.4 Summary 52 7. Cultural Heritage 53 7.1 Recorded Archaeological Sites and Finds in Castle Point District 53 7.2 Listed Buildings & Conservation Area 54 7.3 Heritage at risk 55 7.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments 55 7.5 Historic Parks and Gardens 55 7.6 Summary 55 8. Biodiversity and Nature Conservation 56 8.1 Biodiversity Action Plan 56 8.2 Designated Sites 56 8.3 Green Infrastructure and Ecosystem Services 58 8.4 Biodiversity Net Gain 59 8.5 Summary 59 9. Landscapes 60 9.1 Landscape Features 60 9.2 Agricultural Land Classification 61 9.3 Previously Developed Land 62 9.4 Summary 63 10. Water Environment 64 10.1 Water Courses 64 10.2 Water Quality 64 10.3 Flood Risk 65 10.4 Summary 66 11. Climate and Energy 67 11.1 Energy Consumption and Emissions 67 11.2 Climate Change 70 11.3 Summary 70 12. Air 71 12.1 Air Quality 71 12.2 Noise 71 12.3 Summary 72 13. Material Assets (including soil, minerals and waste) 73 13.1 Local Authority Collected Waste 73 Page 5 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) 13.2 Transfer Facilities 73 13.3 The Replacement Waste Local Plan for Essex and Southend-on-Sea 74 13.4 Waste Miles 75 13.5 Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 75 13.6 Commercial and Industrial Waste (CD&I) 75 13.7 Construction, Demolition and Evacuation Waste (CD&E) 75 13.8 Summary 76 14. Minerals 77 14.1 The Adopted Minerals Local Plan 2014 77 14.2 Summary 78 Page 6 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) 1. Introduction 1.1 Background Castle Point Borough Council commissioned Place Services of Essex County Council to undertake an independent Sustainability Appraisal (SA) for the Castle Point Local Plan. This Report is the baseline annex to the main SA Scoping Report. 1.2 Baseline Information The SEA Directive requires the production of the following information: “the relevant aspects of the current state of the environment and the likely evolution thereof without implementation of the plan or programme;” Annex 1(b); “the environmental characteristics of areas likely to be significantly affected;” Annex 1(c); and “any existing problems which are relevant to the plan or programme including, in particular, those relating to any areas of a particular environmental importance such as areas designated pursuant to Directives 79/409/EEC and 92/43/ECC” Annex 1(d). The baseline information identifies current sustainability issues and problems in the Plan Area which should be addressed and provides a basis for predicting and monitoring the effects of implementing the document. To ensure the data collected was relevant and captured the full range of sustainability issues it was categorised under 13 thematic topics. They cover all the topics referred to in Annex 1(f) of the SEA Directive and follow the order of: Economy and employment Housing Population and society Health and wellbeing Education Transport and connectivity Cultural heritage Biodiversity and nature conservation Landscapes Water Climate and energy Air Waste, soils and minerals Digital infrastructure. Page 7 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) 2. Economy and Employment 2.1 Economy Table 1: Economic activity East of Castle Point Essex Great Britain England Number of economically active 43,900 751,300 3,164,000 33,485,000 Percentage of the population 81.5% 81.2% 80.8% 78.5% economically active Job density 0.52 0.77 0.83 0.84 Source: NOMIS Labour Supply (January 2017 – December 2017) The borough has the highest rate of economic activity at 81.5% compared to the county, region and country. The rate of economic activity within Castle Point has seen an increase of 0.9% on the previous year. Table 2: Business registration and de-registration rate Castle Point Essex East of England Great Britain Birth 530 8,915 35,400 408,420 Death 450 7,520 29,965 322,460 All active enterprises 3,715 69,240 287,540 2,775,940 Source: ONS, Business Demography 2016 (Released November 2017) There has been a slight increase in the number of active businesses in Castle Point due to a higher rate of registrations than de-registrations. Compared to sub-national and national figures the district has experienced a higher start up rate and a lower de-registration rate indicating a more robust local economy. Table 3: UK Business Counts Castle Point Essex East Numbers % Numbers % Numbers % Enterprises Micro (0 to 9) 3,025 92.4 57,680 90.0 244,305 90.0 Small (10 to 49) 210 6.4 5,370 8.4 22,260 8.2 Page 8 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) Castle Point Essex East Numbers % Numbers % Numbers % Medium (50 to 249) 35 1.1 860 1.3 3,835 1.4 Large (250+) 5 0.2 195 0.3 945 0.3 Total 3,275 64,110 271,335 Local Units Micro (0 to 9) 3,190 89.1 62,005 86.0 266,175 85.7 Small (10 to 49) 325 9.1 8,295 11.5 36,150 11.6 Medium (50 to 249) 55 1.5 1,605 2.2 7,345 2.4 Large (250+) 5 0.1 200 0.3 1,015 0.3 Total 3,580 72,110 310,685 Source: NOMIS Labour Supply (2017) In general, local based businesses are more prevalent within the district than in the county and comparatively more when compared to the national figure. Nearly three quarters of all local businesses within the district employ 4 or less people and approximately 6% employ more than 20 people. Table 4: Proportion of businesses by industry type Industry Castle Point Essex East of Great Britain England Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing 10 (0.3%) 2,185 (3.4%) 11,960 (4.4%) 129,965 (5.0%) Production 215 (6.6%) 3,980 (6.2%) 15,310 (5.6%) 144,045 (5.5%) Construction 900 (27.5%) 11,745 (18.3%) 38,980 (14.4%) 310,175 (11.9%) Motor Trades 105 (3.2%) 2,020 (3.2%) 8,370 (3.1%) 72,570 (2.8%) Wholesale 105 (3.2%) 2,750 (4.3%) 11,020 (4.1%) 100,300 (3.9%) Retail 220 (6.7%) 3,990 (6.2%) 17,195 (6.3%) 190,960 (7.4%) Transport & Storage (Including 165 (5.0%) 2,510 (3.9%) 13,955 (5.1%) 106,990 (4.1%) Postal) Accommodation & Food Services 2,770 (4.3%) 12,600 (4.6%) 146,445 (5.6%) 150 (4.6%) Page 9 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) Industry Castle Point Essex East of Great Britain England Information & Communication 200 (6.1%) 4,920 (7.7%) 21,805 (8.0%) 215,240 (8.3%) Finance & Insurance 55 (1.7%) 1,215 (1.9%) 4,720 (1.7%) 54,590 (2.1%) Property 90 (2.7%) 2,140 (3.3%) 8,775 (3.2%) 91,105 (3.5%) Professional, Scientific & Technical 485 (14.8%) 10,890 (17.0%) 47,130 (17.4%) 473,260 (18.2%) Business Administration & Support 250 (7.6%) 5,325 (8.3%) 26,350 (9.7%) 225,780 (8.7%) Services Public Administration & Defence 0 225 (0.4%) 1,285 (0.5%) 7,110 (0.3%) Education 60 (1.8%) 1,195 (1.9%) 4,895 (1.8%) 47,655 (1.8%) Health 100 (3.1%) 2,600 (4.1%) 11,240 (4.1%) 117,295 (4.5%) Arts, Entertainment, Recreation and 165 (5.0%) 3,650 (5.7%) 15,750 (5.8%) 164,610 (6.3%) Other Services Total 3,275 64,110 271,340 2,598,095 Source: ONS, 2017 data There are comparatively more businesses within construction within the district than the county but noticeable fewer businesses within agriculture, forestry & fishing. Page 10 Castle Point Borough Council Local Plan Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (Annex B) 2.2 Employment Table 5: Employment and unemployment Castle Point Essex East of England Great Britain In employment 43,400 (81.5%) 77.9% 80.8% 78.4% Unemployed 1,400 (3.2%) 3.9% 3.6% 4.4% Source: NOMIS, January 2017 – December 2017 data 81.5% of the working population in Castle Point Borough are in employment which is higher than sub-national and national employment levels.