Pen-Ek Ratanaruang

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Pen-Ek Ratanaruang Pen-ek Ratanaruang Melankoli, bramfri folkelighed og social kommentar går hånd i hånd i thailandske Pen-ek Ratanaruangs æstetisk selvbevidste værker Han har en umiskendelig faible for det artikel andetsteds i dette nummer af Kos- fækale, men også for kulørte knaldfilm, morama). hip reklameæstetik, slæbende sentimentale Fun Bar Karaoke er vel cirka indbegre­ popballader - gerne serveret i karaoke- bet af det, der i kritikerjargon benævnes form - og for alt, hvad populærkulturens ’’uegal”, men netop dens frygt- og respekt­ store spisekammer i øvrigt måtte have at løse blanding af alle kendte - samt et par byde på. Det kan måske lyde som en hidsig ukendte - genrer og stilarter er samtidig cocktail - og ville formentlig også være det, en væsentlig del af dens charme. I centrum hvis det ikke var fordi Pen-ek Ratanaruang for den noget flagrende handling står en (f. 1962) både på trods og i kraft af disse ung pige og hendes far, en ansvarsløs Karl krasse ingredienser formår at lave særegent Smart, der desperat søger at drukne sorg­ melankolske og på én gang dybt folkelige en over hustruens død ved at kaste sig ud i og kunstnerisk forløste film om hverdagen Bangkoks glitrende natteliv - hvorefter han i det moderne Thailand. tilbringer dagene med at sove brandert ud De læsere, der kun kender Ratanaruangs hjemme i den to-værelses, som datteren seneste værk, Universets sidste dage (Ruang fortvivlet forsøger at holde en slags orden rak noi nid mahasan, 2003), vil måske på. studse over denne karakteristik, for er Uni­ Ind i dette undertiden hjerteskærende, versets sidste dage ikke indbegrebet af en men også komiske hverdagsdrama væver mangetydig og køligt kontrolleret kunst­ Ratanaruang såvel et knaldet gangsterplot film? Jo, det er den måske nok, men selv som lange drømmesekvenser om den om den betegner lidt af et brud med den afdøde mor, der bygger et metaforisk mo­ kulørt-anarkistiske stil, Ratanaruang ellers delhus. Den røde tråd, der binder de in- havde gjort til sit varemærke, er de fleste af kommensurable elementer sammen, er, at ovennævnte ingredienser alligevel til stede; alle personerne på den ene eller den anden blot har han skruet lidt ned for doseringen måde er lidt sølle eksistenser, der drømmer i denne hans fjerde og til dato mest alvors­ om et bedre liv. Er Pen-ek Ratanaruang fulde film. fløjtende ligeglad med såvel stilistiske kon­ ventioner som narrative og dramaturgiske Alvorsfuld spas. Pen-ek Ratanaruang er normer, så tager han i allerhøjeste grad uddannet som designer ved Pratt Institute sine personer alvorligt. Og netop i kraft i New York og startede sin professionelle af denne blanding af spas og alvor lykkes løbebane i reklameindustrien. Men debut­ det ham at gøre alvoren underholdende og filmen Fun Bar Karaoke (Fan ba karaoke, underholdningen alvorlig. 1997) placerede ham straks i inderkredsen af den såkaldte ny thailandske film (se På randen af et sammenbrud. Væsentlig Pen-ek Ratanaruang mere disciplineret, omend stadig ganske tionale filmscenes toneangivende instruk­ vildtvoksende, er 6ixtynin9 (Ruang talok tører over skulderen, så er det rustikke 69, 1999), som, hvis m an absolut skal melodrama Monrak Transistor (2001) jævnføre Ratanaruangs stil med andre derimod dybt forankret i den lokale thai­ instruktørers, kan karakteriseres som en landske populærkulturs karaoke og kulørte kulørt film noir tilsat elementer af grotesk/ lamper. Pan er en charmerende bonde­ latrinær komedie å la Farrelly-brødrene, knold, der med sine smægtende popbal­ stilistisk exces å la Almodovar, eksplosiv lader synger sig durk ind i den yndige Sa- vold å la Tarantino og superelliptisk social­ daws uskyldige hjerte, men ak, han bliver realisme med tungen i kinden å la Kauris- indkaldt til militærtjeneste, deserterer for måki. at blive sanger og havner i kriminelt snavs Vi starter i det socialrealistiske: den øko­ i Bangkoks golde underverden ... mens nomiske krise kræver fyringer i det finan­ Sadaw vansmægter hjemme på den frodigt sieringsfirma, hvor hovedpersonen Tum grønne plantage ... er ansat. Iscenesættelsen af det groteske Symbolerne er så subtile som trafikskilte. lodtrækningsritual, der skal skille ansatte Uvidende om Pans kranke skæbne samler fra fyrede, er tæt på det asketiske, men Sadaw f.eks. rent regnvand til sin elskede, askesen får snart ben at gå på, da den ellers for det må han jo savne i storbyen, hvor så ordinære og nu arbejdsløse Tum bringes han da også ganske rigtigt, i bogstaveligste på randen af et nervøst sammenbrud af forstand, sidder i lort til halsen. Både følel­ et drilsk dørnummer, der bliver skyld i, at ser og farver er præcis så stærke og basale, hun i løbet af det ene døgn, handlingen lø­ som det sig hør og bør i al sandt folkelig ber over, først kommer i uretmæssig besid­ kunst. delse af en stor papkasse fyldt med penge Monrak Transistor er en renhjertet hyld­ og siden på blodigste vis tager livet af et est til populærkulturens mest fortærskede betragteligt antal gangstere og politifolk. klichéer, som filmen genopliver med et Igen er der mere end et gran af alvor i forfriskende (post)moderne vrid. Da Pan galskaben. For ikke bare styres person­ kun 25 minutter inde i filmen får sin Sa­ erne også her af drømmen om en bedre daw og gør hende gravid, tilkendegiver en tilværelse, som de fleste søger uden for voice-over f.eks. selvrefleksivt, at filmen for hjemlandet. Indhyllet i komediegevandter så vidt kunne være sluttet her, hvilket ville rummer filmen også direkte frontalangreb have gjort den charmerende kort - hvorpå på tingenes tilstand i dagens Thailand. plottet slingrer sig ubekymret videre i yder­ ’’Politikerne er de eneste, der overholder ligere godt halvanden time. Og ikke blot landets love - til gengæld holder de ikke vedkender Ratanaruang sig åbent sin gæld ord,” hedder det f.eks., og det vil i det hele til kollegaen Wisit Sasanatieng og dennes taget næppe være en vild overfortolkning uhæmmede farvebrug, han har tydeligvis at opfatte 6ixtynin9 og dens fremstilling af også set f.eks. Citizen Kane, der synes at Thailand som ét stort galehus som en nok have stået fadder til åbningsscenens uende­ humoristisk, men også ganske besk sam­ ligt lange, dybdeskarpe indstilling, hvor en fundskommentar. flaske afføringsmiddel troner uheldsvan­ gert i forgrunden, mens vi i baggrunden Karaoke og kulørte lamper. Synes 6ixty- aner medikamentets effekt. nin9 at have kigget de fleste af den interna­ 181 Pen-ek Ratanaruang landsk rodehoved, der kun drømmer om at emigrere til Japan. Det kunne lyde som endnu en af tidens mange velmenende film om kulturmøder, og det er det selvfølgelig også i et vist om­ fang, men Universets sidste dage er mere end dét. Først og fremmest er den en film om to mennesker, som hver især føler sig som ’universets sidste væsener’. De er så forskellige som nat og dag og måske netop derfor komplementære, hvilket i filmen udtrykkes ved en motivisk symmetri, der Universets sidste dage (Last Life in the Universel Ruang rak noi nid mahasan, 2003) på foruroligende og dog meget logisk strin­ gent vis sætter spørgsmålstegn ved tradi­ tionelle kønsroller og -forståelser. Men det er ikke altsammen eksistentiel Fra bramfri folkelighed til intellektuel spleen og cerebrale spejlkonstruktioner, for kunstfilm. Og oven på denne bramfri Universets sidste dage rum m er tillige fækal folkelighed så altså den diskrete og afdæm­ komik (papaya-mave!), svævende Mary pede, hyper-kontrollerede, næsten medita- Poppins-referencer og blodige japanske tive og i et vist mål ligefrem intellektuelle yakuza-opgør (med instruktøren Takashi Universets sidste dage. I overvejende kølige Miike i komisk rolle som humorforladt blå-grå og dæmpet grønne nuancer maler gangster). Ratanaruang er stadig Ratanaru­ den et nænsomt dobbelt-portræt af en ang! sygeligt pertentlig japaner i både indre og ydre eksil i Thailand og et kvindeligt thai­ Eva Jørholt Filmografi 1997 Fan ba karaoke/Fun Bar Karaoke 1999 Ruang talok 69/6ixtynin9 2001 Monrak Transistor 182 2003 Ruang rak noi nid mahasan/Last Life in the Universe/Universets sidste dage.
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