Comparative Morphology and Anatomy of Non-Rheophytic and Rheophytic Types of Adenophora Triphylla Var
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UPDATED 18Th February 2013
7th February 2015 Welcome to my new seed trade list for 2014-15. 12, 13 and 14 in brackets indicates the harvesting year for the seed. Concerning seed quantity: as I don't have many plants of each species, seed quantity is limited in most cases. Therefore, for some species you may only get a few seeds. Many species are harvested in my garden. Others are surplus from trade and purchase. OUT: Means out of stock. Sometimes I sell surplus seed (if time allows), although this is unlikely this season. NB! Cultivars do not always come true. I offer them anyway, but no guarantees to what you will get! Botanical Name (year of harvest) NB! Traditional vegetables are at the end of the list with (mostly) common English names first. Acanthopanax henryi (14) Achillea sibirica (13) Aconitum lamarckii (12) Achyranthes aspera (14, 13) Adenophora khasiana (13) Adenophora triphylla (13) Agastache anisata (14,13)N Agastache anisata alba (13)N Agastache rugosa (Ex-Japan) (13) (two varieties) Agrostemma githago (13)1 Alcea rosea “Nigra” (13) Allium albidum (13) Allium altissimum (Persian Shallot) (14) Allium atroviolaceum (13) Allium beesianum (14,12) Allium brevistylum (14) Allium caeruleum (14)E Allium carinatum ssp. pulchellum (14) Allium carinatum ssp. pulchellum album (14)E Allium carolinianum (13)N Allium cernuum mix (14) E/N Allium cernuum “Dark Scape” (14)E Allium cernuum ‘Dwarf White” (14)E Allium cernuum ‘Pink Giant’ (14)N Allium cernuum x stellatum (14)E (received as cernuum , but it looks like a hybrid with stellatum, from SSE, OR KA A) Allium cernuum x stellatum (14)E (received as cernuum from a local garden centre) Allium clathratum (13) Allium crenulatum (13) Wild coll. -
Article 1. General Provisions
Article 1. General Provisions ― 1 ― Article 1. General Provisions 1. General Principles This Food Code shall be principally interpreted and applied by general provisions, except as otherwise specified. 1) This Food Code contains the following items. (1) Standard about methods of manufacturing, processing, using, cooking, storing foods and specification about food components under the regulations of Paragraph 1 in Article 7 of Food Sanitation Act. (2) Standard about manufacturing methods of utensil, container, packaging and specification about utensil, container, packaging and their raw materials under the regulations of Paragraph 1 in Article 9 of Food Sanitation Act. (3) Labeling standard about food, food additives, utensil, container, packaging and GMO under the regulations of Paragraph 1 in Article 10 of Food Sanitation Act. 2) Weights and measures shall be applied by the metric system and are indicated in following codes. (1) Length : m, cm, mm,μ m, nm (2)Volume:L,mL,μ L (3)Weight : kg, g, mg,μ g, ng, pg (4) Area : cm 2 (5) Calorie : kcal, kj 3) Weight percentage is indicated with the symbol of %. However, material content (g) in 100 mL solution is indicated with w/v% and material content (mL) in 100 mL solution with v/v%. Weight parts per million may be indicated with the symbol of mg/kg, ppm, or mg/L. 4) Temperature indication adopts Celsius(℃ ) type. 5) Standard temperature is defined as 20℃ , and ordinary temperature as 15~25 ℃ , and room temperature as 1~3 5℃ , and slightly warm temperature as 30~40℃ . 6) Except as otherwise specified, cold water is defined as waterof15℃ orlower,hotwater aswaterof60~70 ℃ , boiling water as water of about 100℃ , and heating temperature "in/under water bath" is, except as otherwise specified, defined as about 100℃ and water bath can be replaced with steam bath of about 100℃ . -
PC22 Doc. 22.1 Annex (In English Only / Únicamente En Inglés / Seulement En Anglais)
Original language: English PC22 Doc. 22.1 Annex (in English only / únicamente en inglés / seulement en anglais) Quick scan of Orchidaceae species in European commerce as components of cosmetic, food and medicinal products Prepared by Josef A. Brinckmann Sebastopol, California, 95472 USA Commissioned by Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO CITES Management Authorithy of Switzerland and Lichtenstein 2014 PC22 Doc 22.1 – p. 1 Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................................................................ 7 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Information about the Databases Used ...................................................................................................... 11 1. Anoectochilus formosanus .................................................................................................................. 13 1.1. Countries of origin ................................................................................................................. 13 1.2. Commercially traded forms ................................................................................................... 13 1.2.1. Anoectochilus Formosanus Cell Culture Extract (CosIng) ............................................ 13 1.2.2. Anoectochilus Formosanus Extract (CosIng) ................................................................ 13 1.3. Selected finished -
Roots Extracts of Adenophora Triphylla Var. Japonica Improve Obesity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice
898 Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015; 8(11): 898–906 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine journal homepage: http://ees.elsevier.com/apjtm Original research http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.10.011 Roots extracts of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica improve obesity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-induced obese mice Dong-Ryung Lee1,#, Young-Sil Lee2,#, Bong-Keun Choi1,2, Hae Jin Lee3, Sung-Bum Park3, Tack-Man Kim4, Han Jin Oh5, Seung Hwan Yang2,3*, Joo-Won Suh2,3* 1NutraPham Tech, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea 2Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea 3Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea 4DONG IL Pharmtec, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea 5Department of Family Medicine, VIEVIS NAMUH Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Objective: To investigate the anti-obesity activity and the action mechanism of the roots Received 15 Aug 2015 of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica extract (ATE) in high-fat diet (HFD)–induced Received in revised form 20 Sep 2015 obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Accepted30Sep2015 Methods: The roots of Adenophora triphylla were extracted with 70% ethanol. To Available online 9 Oct 2015 demonstrate the compounds, linoleic acid was analyzed by using gas chromatography; and the anti-obesity effects and possible mechanisms of ATE were examined in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HFD-induced obese mice. Keywords: Results: Treatment with ATE inhibited the lipid accumulation without cytotoxicity in Roots of Adenophora triphylla var. -
Flora of a Cool Temperate Forest Around Restoration Center for Endangered Species, Yeongyang
Original Article PNIE 2021;2(1):70-75 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.1.70 pISSN 2765-2203, eISSN 2765-2211 Flora of a Cool Temperate Forest Around Restoration Center for Endangered Species, Yeongyang Seongjun Kim , Chang-Woo Lee* , Hwan-Joon Park, Byoung-Doo Lee, Jung Eun Hwang, Jiae An, Hyung Bin Park, Ju Hyeong Baek, Pyoung Beom Kim, Nam Young Kim Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea ABSTRACT The present study aimed to clarify flora living at the area of Restoration Center for Endangered Species in Yeongyang, Gyeongbuk Province. In May, August, and September 2019 and in May and July 2020, all of vascular plants were recorded, and endangered, Korea endemic, and exotic plant species were further identified. The study site contained a total of 418 floral taxa (98 families, 261 genera, 384 species, 4 subspecies, 27 variations, and 3 formations), in which Magnoliophyta accounted for larger proportion (95.2%) than Pteridophyta (3.6%) and Pinophyta (1.2%). In addition, 1 endangered (Cypripedium macranthos Sw.) and 5 Korea endemic species (Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai, Eleutherococcus divaricatus var. chiisanensis [Nakai] C.H. Kim & B.-Y. Sun, Lonicera subsessilis Rehder, Paulownia coreana Uyeki, and Weigela subsessilis [Nakai] L.H. Bailey) were detected. The number of exotic species was 33, consisting of 4 invasive-exotic, 4 potentially invasive-exotic, and 25 non-invasive species. Compared to a previous assessment before the establishment of the center (in 2014), there were increases in total floral taxa (from 361 to 418), endangered species (from 0 to 1), and exotic species (from 26 to 33). -
Roots Extract of Adenophora Triphylla Var. Japonica Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells Through the Downregulation of IRS1
J Physiol & Pathol Korean Med 34(3):136~141, 2020 Roots Extract of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells through the Downregulation of IRS1 Hae Lim Kim#, Hae Jin Lee#, Bong-Keun Choi, Sung-Bum Park1, Sung Min Woo2, Dong-Ryung Lee* NutraPharm Tech Co., Ltd., 1 : DONG IL Pharmtec Co., Ltd., 2 : SM-WOOIL Co., Ltd. The purpose of this study was to investigate the action mechanism of the roots of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica extract (ATE) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Cell toxicity test by MTT assay and lipid accumulation was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect on the differentiation of adipocyte from preadipocytes induced by MDI differentiation medium, while adipogenesis related proteins expression level were evaluated by western blotting. As a result, ATE inhibited MDI-induced adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells dose-dependently without cytotoxicity. Our results showed that ATE inhibited the phosphorylation of IRS1, thereby decreasing the expression of PI3K110α and reducing the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, resulting in attenuated protein expression of C/EBPα, PPARγ, ap2 and FAS in 3T3-L1 cells. These results suggest anti-adipogenic functions for ATE, and identified IRS1 as a novel target for ATE in adipogenesis. keywords : Roots of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica extract, 3T3-L1 Adipocyte, Adipogenesis, Anti-obesity Introduction differentiation.8-11) Adipocyte differentiation is closely linked to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. It Obesity is considered a complex and -
Morphological and Anatomical Variations in Rheophytic Ecotype of Violet, Viola Mandshurica Var. Ikedaeana (Violaceae)
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2013, 4, 859-865 859 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2013.44106 Published Online April 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ajps) Morphological and Anatomical Variations in Rheophytic Ecotype of Violet, Viola mandshurica var. ikedaeana (Violaceae) Ryosuke Matsui1, Shogo Takei2, Kyohei Ohga2, Hiroshi Hayakawa1, Masataka Yoshida3, Jun Yokoyama4, Katsura Ito1, Ryo Arakawa1, Toshiro Masumoto1, Tatsuya Fukuda1* 1Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; 2Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; 3Graduate school of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan; 4Faculty of Science, Yamagata Uni- versity, Yamagata, Japan. Email: *[email protected] Received February 27th, 2013; revised March 29th, 2013; accepted April 9th, 2013 Copyright © 2013 Ryosuke Matsui et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT We compared the leaf morphology and anatomy of the putative rheophytic ecotype of Viola mandshurica W. Becker var. ikedaeana (W. Becker ex Taken.) F. Maek. and its closely related variety, V. mandshurica var. mandshurica. We showed that the leaf of the rheophytic ecotype of V. mandshurica var. ikedaeana was narrower than that of V. mand- shurica var. mandshurica. Moreover, the leaf thickness and guard cell size of the rheophytic ecotype of V. mandshurica var. ikedaeana were significantly larger than those of V. mandshurica var. mandshurica. We further showed that leaves of the rheophytic ecotype of V. mandshurica var. ikedaeana contained fewer cells than did those of V. -
엽록체 DNA 염기서열 분석을 이용한 한국산 초롱꽃과 (Campanulaceae)의 계통유연관계
Korean J. Pl. Taxon. ISSN 1225-8318 42(4): 282-293 (2012) Korean Journal of http://dx.doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2012.42.4.282 Plant Taxonomy Phylogenetic relationships of Korean campanulaceae based on chloroplast DNA sequences Kyung-Ah Kim and Ki-Oug Yoo* Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea (Received 21 November 2012; Revised 30 November 2012; Accepted 7 December 2012) 엽록체 DNA 염기서열 분석을 이용한 한국산 초롱꽃과 (Campanulaceae)의 계통유연관계 김경아·유기억* 강원대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과 Abstract: Phylogenetic studies were conducted to evaluate the taxonomic relationships among 28 taxa, includ- ing 2 outgroups of Korean Campanulaceae, using atpB, atpB-rbcL, atpF-H, matK, rbcL, rpl16, rpoC1 and trnL- F regions sequences in chloroplast DNA. The combined analyses of eight chloroplast DNA regions suggest that Codonopsis and Platycodon basally branches within the phylogenetic tree; Wahlenbergia distinguished an inde- pendent clade; Campanula forms a clade; Peracarpa and Asyneuma clade is a sister to the Adenophora- Hanabusaya clade; Hanabusaya is placed within the section Remotiflorae of Adenophora; Adenophora form a clade. Our present results support the generic level, although discordance remained at the infrageneric groups such as section and series based on morphological characteristics in the genus Adenophora. Keywords: Campanulaceae, Chloroplast DNA, Phylogenetic relationships 적요: 한국산 초롱꽃과 8속 28분류군과 외군 2분류군 등 총 30분류군에 대한 계통유연관계를 알아보기 위 하여 엽록체 DNA의 atpB, atpB-rbcL, atpF-H, matK, rbcL, rpl16, rpoC1 그리고 trnL-F 지역의 염기서열 분석 을 실시하였다. 8개 유전자 지역의 염기서열 자료를 융합하여 분석한 결과 도라지속과 더덕속이 가장 기부 에 분계조를 형성하였고 애기도라지속과 초롱꽃속은 각각 독립적으로 유집되었다. -
A Newly Compiled Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Habomais, the Little Kurils
Title A Newly Compiled Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Habomais, the Little Kurils Author(s) Gage, Sarah; Joneson, Suzanne L.; Barkalov, Vyacheslav Yu.; Eremenko, Natalia A.; Takahashi, Hideki Citation 北海道大学総合博物館研究報告, 3, 67-91 Issue Date 2006-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/47827 Type bulletin (article) Note Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin vol.2 File Information v. 2-3.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin (2006) 2,67-91. A Newly Compiled Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Habomais, the Little Kurils 1 1 2 Sarah Gage , Suzanne L. Joneson , Vyacheslav Yu. Barkalov , Natalia A. Eremenko3 and Hideki Takahashi4 'Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5325, USA; 21nstitute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Branch, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; 3 Natural Reserve "Kuril'sky", Yuzhno-Kuril'sk 694500, Russia; 4The Hokkaido University Museum, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan Abstract The new floristic checklist of the Habomais, the Little Kurils, was compiled from Barkalov and Eremenko (2003) and Eremenko (2003), and supplemented by the specimens collected by Gage and Joneson in 1998 and Eremenko in 2002. In the checklist, 61 families, 209 gen~ra and ~32 species were recognized. Scientific and vernacular names commonly adopted ~n RussIan and Japanese taxonomic references are listed and compared, and some taxonomIC notes are also added. This list will contribute the future critical taxonomic and nomenclatural studies on the vascular plants in this region. -
Distribution of Vascular Plants Along the Altitudinal Gradient of Gyebangsan (Mt.) in Korea
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 7 (2014) e40ee71 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/journals/journal-of-asia-pacific- biodiversity/2287-884x Original article Distribution of vascular plants along the altitudinal gradient of Gyebangsan (Mt.) in Korea Jong-Cheol Yang*, Hee-Suk Hwang, Hye-Jeong Lee, Su-Young Jung, Seong-Jin Ji, Seung-Hwan Oh, You-Mi Lee Division of Forest Biodiversity and Herbarium, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Gyeonggi 487-821, Republic of Korea article info abstract Article history: This study was conducted to examine the distribution of vascular plants along the altitudinal gradient Received 31 December 2013 and investigation routes of Gyebangsan (Mt.) in Korea. The total number of flora of Gyebangsan (Mt.) was Received in revised form 510 taxa in total, comprising 83 families, 283 genera, 449 species, four subspecies, 52 varieties and five 11 February 2014 forms. In the flora of this area, 14 taxa were Korean endemic plants and 17 taxa were rare plants. Accepted 11 February 2014 Naturalized plants in Korea numbered 27 taxa. The number of vascular plants monotonically decreased Available online 15 March 2014 with increasing altitude. In contrast, the rare plants mostly increased with increasing altitude. The endemic plants of Korea did not show any special pattern by altitude gradient. The naturalized plants Keywords: Gyebangsan (Mt.) altitude were mainly distributed at the open area below 1000 m. Ó Distribution Copyright 2014, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Korea endemic plant Production and hosting by ELSEVIER. All rights reserved. -
Growth and Physiological Responses of Adenophora Triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC
agronomy Article Growth and Physiological Responses of Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. Plug Seedlings to Day and Night Temperature Regimes Ya Liu 1 ID , Xiuxia Ren 1 ID , Hai Kyoung Jeong 1, Hao Wei 1 and Byoung Ryong Jeong 1,2,3,* ID 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (X.R.); [email protected] (H.K.J.); [email protected] (H.W.) 2 Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea 3 Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-55-772-1913 Received: 11 July 2018; Accepted: 24 August 2018; Published: 1 September 2018 Abstract: Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC., three-leaf lady bell, is an important medicinal plant used against cancers and obesity. It has been well-established that the temperature regime affects plant growth and development in many ways. However, there is no study available correlating the growth of A. triphylla seedlings with different day and night temperature regimes. In order to find an optimal temperature regime, growth and physiology were investigated in A. triphylla plug seedlings grown in environment-controlled chambers at different day and night temperatures: 20/20 ◦C (day/night) (TA), 25/15 ◦C (TB), and 20/15 ◦C (TC). The seedlings in plug trays were grown under a light intensity of 150 µmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density) provided by white LEDs, a 70% relative humidity, and a 16 h (day)/8 h (night) photoperiod for six weeks. -
Anatomical Characterization and LC-MS Profiling of Adenophora
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 29 (2019) 695–701 ww w.elsevier.com/locate/bjp Original Article Anatomical characterization and LC-MS profiling of Adenophora roots from Korea a,1 a,1 a a Woo Sung Park , Hye-Jin Kim , Su Jin Choe , Atif Ali Khan Khalil , a a a b Kazi-Marjahan Akter , Meong Cheol Shin , Hye-Jin Chung , Jong Hee Park , a,∗ Mi-Jeong Ahn a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea b College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: “Sasam ( )” is a crude drug that is defined in the in Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia as the root of Received 26 April 2019 Adenophora triphylla var. japonica (Regel.) Hara or A. stricta Miq., Campanulaceae. The dried roots of the Accepted 8 July 2019 Adenophora spp. are available in markets, and the roots of various species are similar to each other in Available online 10 September 2019 shape, making it difficult to distinguish one from another using only the outer morphological appear- Keywords: ance. Therefore, the present study aimed to establish quality control parameters for pharmacognostic Sasam evaluation and differentiation of five Adenophora species and two varieties grown in Korea. Inner mor- Inner morphological phological evaluation of the root of these plants was accomplished and preliminary chemical analysis Chemical analysis was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling. As a result, significant differ- Shashenoside I ences among samples were found in anatomical characteristics such as number and thickness of cork layer, existence of stone cell in cork layer, frequency of vessels, and area of intercellular space.