Representation 1. The Document Lives With You Lauren Hickman Portfolio (New Orleans, Louisiana 2004), 10-11. Lauren Hickman Portfolio (New Orleans, Louisiana 2004), 12-13. 2. The Role of Graphic Design & Architecture

MICHAEL WEBB YONA FRIEDMAN

ARCHITECT: ADJAYE ASSOCIATES PROJECT: RIVINGTON PLACE LOCATION: LONDON DATE: 2007 ARCHITECT: ADJAYE ASSOCIATES PROJECT: RIVINGTON PLACE LOCATION: LONDON DATE: 2007 ARCHITECT: ADJAYE ASSOCIATES PROJECT: WAKEFIELD MARKET HALL LOCATION: WEST YORKSHIRE DATE: 2008 ARCHITECT: ADJAYE ASSOCIATES PROJECT: WAKEFIELD MARKET HALL LOCATION: WEST YORKSHIRE DATE: 2008

ARCHITECT: FEILDEN FOWLES PROJECT: RALPH ALLEN SCHOOL MASTER PLAN LOCATION: BATH DATE: 2014 ARCHITECT: FEILDEN FOWLES PROJECT: RALPH ALLEN SCHOOL MASTER PLAN LOCATION: BATH DATE: 2014 ARCHITECT: FEILDEN FOWLES PROJECT: RALPH ALLEN SCHOOL MASTER PLAN LOCATION: BATH DATE: 2014 ARCHITECT: FEILDEN FOWLES PROJECT: RALPH ALLEN SCHOOL MASTER PLAN LOCATION: BATH DATE: 2014 3. Authorship

REFERENCE http://ltlarchitects.com/over-drawing/ TO LEARN ABOUT OVER DRAWING REFERENCE http://ltlarchitects.com/over-drawing/ TO LEARN ABOUT OVER DRAWING 4. Argument BAS PRINCEN, PHOTOGRAPHER

5. Rules of Thumb IBM Seres III Copier/Duplicator, Adjustment Parts Manual (Boulder, Colorado, 1976), 101. Drawn by Gary E. Graham.

ENVISIONING INFORMATION, EDWARD TUFTE Michel Etienne Turgot and Louis Bretez, The Isometric Map of Midtown Manhattan, Plan de Paris (Paris, 1739), plate 11. © 1989 The Manhattan Map Company. All rights reserved.

ENVISIONING INFORMATION, EDWARD TUFTE P.37 IBM Seres III Copier/Duplicator, Adjustment Parts Manual (Boulder, Colorado, 1976), 101. Drawn by Gary E. Graham.

ENVISIONING INFORMATION, EDWARD TUFTE P.54 Joseph Hutchins Colton, Johnson’s New Illustrated Family Atlas with Physical Geography (New York, 1864), 10-11.

ENVISIONING INFORMATION, EDWARD TUFTE P.77 Basic Rules of Typography Anatomy of Letters

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In Greek mythology, Prometheus In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient In Greek mythology, (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son of Iapetus Prometheus (Ancient Greek: Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus “forethought”) is a Titan, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion of human- the son of Iapetus and and Menoetius. He was a champion kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole Themis, and brother to Atlas, of human-kind known for his wily fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus then Epimetheus and Menoetius. intelligence, who stole fire from punished him for his crime by having him bound He was a champion of human- Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver every kind known for his wily then punished him for his crime by day only to have it grow back to be eaten again intelligence, who stole fire having him bound to a rock while the next day. His myth has been treated by a from Zeus and gave it to a great eagle ate his liver every day number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus mortals. Zeus then punished only to have it grow back to be eaten is credited with playing a pivotal role in the early him for his crime by having again the next day. His myth has history of humankind. him bound to a rock while a been treated by a number of ancient great eagle ate his liver every sources, in which Prometheus is day only to have it grow back credited with playing a pivotal role to be eaten again the next day. in the early history of humankind. His myth has been treated by a number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal role in the early history of humankind. Basic Rules of Typography Spacing: Horizontal (Kerning)

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In Greek mythology, Prometheus In Greek mythology, Prometheus In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion of human-kind known for his wily of human-kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from and Menoetius. He was a champion intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus of human-kind known for his wily Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him for his crime by then punished him for his crime by having him bound to a rock while intelligence, who stole fire from having him bound to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver every day Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus only to have it grow back to be eaten a great eagle ate his liver every day again the next day. His myth has then punished him for his crime by only to have it grow back to be eaten been treated by a number of ancient having him bound to a rock while again the next day. His myth has sources, in which Prometheus is been treated by a number of ancient credited with playing a pivotal role in a great eagle ate his liver every day sources, in which Prometheus is the early history of humankind. only to have it grow back to be eaten credited with playing a pivotal role again the next day. His myth has in the early history of humankind. been treated by a number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal role in the early history of humankind.

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In Greek mythology, Prometheus In Greek mythology, Prometheus In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, is a Titan, the son of Iapetus and Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus Themis, and brother to Atlas, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was and Menoetius. He was a champion of human-kind known for his wily a champion of human-kind known of human-kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from for his wily intelligence, who stole intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him for his crime by Zeus then punished him for his crime then punished him for his crime by having him bound to a rock while by having him bound to a rock while having him bound to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver every day a great eagle ate his liver every day a great eagle ate his liver every day only to have it grow back to be eaten only to have it grow back to be eaten only to have it grow back to be eaten again the next day. His myth has again the next day. His myth has again the next day. His myth has been treated by a number of ancient been treated by a number of ancient been treated by a number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus is sources, in which Prometheus sources, in which Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal role is credited with playing a pivotal role credited with playing a pivotal role in the early history of humankind. in the early history of humankind. in the early history of humankind.

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In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion of human-kind known for his wily champion of human-kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him for his crime by having him bound to a for his crime by having him bound to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver every rock while a great eagle ate his liver every day only to have it grow back to be eaten day only to have it grow back to be eaten again the next day. His myth has been treated again the next day. His myth has been treated by a number of ancient sources, in which by a number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal role in the early history of humankind. role in the early history of humankind. The Prometheus myth first appeared in the late 8th-century BC Greek epic poet The Prometheus myth first appeared Hesiod’s Theogony. He was a son of the in the late 8th-century BC Greek epic poet Titan, Iapetus by Themis or Clymene, one Hesiod’s Theogony. He was a son of the of the Oceanids. He was brother to Meno- Titan, Iapetus by Themis or Clymene, one etius, Atlas, and Epimetheus. In the Theog- of the Oceanids. He was brother to Meno- ony, Hesiod introduces Prometheus as etius, Atlas, and Epimetheus. In the Theog- a lowly challenger to Zeus’ omniscience and ony, Hesiod introduces Prometheus as omnipotence. In the trick at Mecone, a a lowly challenger to Zeus’ omniscience and sacrificial meal marking the “settling of omnipotence. In the trick at Mecone, a accounts” between mortals and immortals, sacrificial meal marking the “settling of Prometheus played a trick against Zeus. accounts” between mortals and immortals, Prometheus played a trick against Zeus.

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In Greek mythology, Prometheus is In GrEEk MyTHOlOGy, In Greek mythology, Prometheus is a Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, PrOMETHEUs Is A TITAn, THE a Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus sOn Of IAPETUs And THEMIs, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion And BrOTHEr TO ATlAs, and Menoetius. He was a champion of human-kind known for his wily EPIMETHEUs And MEnOETIUs. of human-kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus HE WAs A CHAMPIOn Of HUMAn- intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus then kInd knOWn fOr HIs WIly and gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him for his crime by having InTEllIGEnCE, WHO sTOlE fIrE punished him for his crime by having him bound to a rock while a great frOM ZEUs And GAvE IT TO him bound to a rock while a great eagle eagle ate his liver every day only to MOrTAls. ZEUs THEn PUnIsHEd ate his liver every day only to have have it grow back to be eaten again the HIM fOr HIs CrIME By HAvInG it grow back to be eaten again the next next day. His myth has been treated HIM BOUnd TO A rOCk WHIlE day. His myth has been treated by by a number of ancient sources, in which A GrEAT EAGlE ATE HIs lIvEr a number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus is credited with playing EvEry dAy Only TO HAvE IT Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal role in the early history GrOW BACk TO BE EATEn AGAIn a pivotal role in the early history of of humankind. THE nExT dAy. HIs MyTH HAs humankind. BEEn TrEATEd By A nUMBEr Of AnCIEnT sOUrCEs, In WHICH PrOMETHEUs Is CrEdITEd WITH PlAyInG A PIvOTAl rOlE In THE EAr ly HIsTOry Of HUMAnkInd. Basic Rules of Typography Text Block: Rags

Good Rag Bad Rag

In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son of of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion of human-kind known for his wily champion of human-kind known for his intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him and gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished for his crime by having him bound to a him for his crime by having him bound to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver every rock while a great eagle ate his liver every day only to have it grow back to be eaten day only to have it grow back to be eaten again the next day. His myth has been treated again the next day. His myth has been by a number of ancient sources, in which treated by a number of ancient sources, Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal in which Prometheus is credited with playing a role in the early history of humankind. pivotal role in the early history of humankind. The Prometheus myth first appeared The Prometheus myth first appeared in the late 8th-century BC Greek epic poet in the late 8th-century BC Greek epic poet Hesiod’s Theogony. He was a son of the Hesiod’s Theogony. He was a son of the Titan, Iapetus by Themis or Clymene, one Titan, Iapetus by Themis or Clymene, one of the Oceanids. He was brother to Meno- of the Oceanids. He was brother to Menoetius, etius, Atlas, and Epimetheus. In the Theog- Atlas, and Epimetheus. In the Theogony, ony, Hesiod introduces Prometheus as Hesiod introduces Prometheus as a lowly a lowly challenger to Zeus’ omniscience and challenger to Zeus’ omniscience and omnipotence. In the trick at Mecone, a omnipotence. In the trick at Mecone, a sacrificial meal marking the “settling of sacrificial meal marking the “settling of accounts” between mortals and immortals, accounts” between mortals and immortals, Prometheus played a trick against Zeus. Prometheus played a trick against Zeus.

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In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient accounts” between mortals and immortals, Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son Prometheus played a trick against Zeus. of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, He placed two sacrificial offerings before Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a the Olympian: a selection of beef hidden champion of human-kind known for his wily inside an ox’s stomach, and the bull’s bones intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and wrapped completely in “glistening fat”. gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him Zeus chose the latter, setting a precedent for for his crime by having him bound future sacrifices; henceforth, humans would to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver keep the meat for themselves and burn every day only to have it grow back to be the bones wrapped in fat as an offering to eaten again the next day. His myth has been the gods. This angered Zeus, who hid fire treated by a number of ancient sources, in from humans in retribution. Prometheus which Prometheus is credited with playing in turn stole fire in a giant fennel-stalk and a pivotal role in the early history of human- gave it back to mankind. This further kind. enraged Zeus, who sent Pandora, the first The Prometheus myth first appeared woman, to live with men. she was fashioned in the late 8th-century BC Greek epic by Hephaestus out of clay and brought to poet Hesiod’s Theogony. He was a son of life by the four winds, with all the goddesses the Titan, Iapetus by Themis or Clymene, of Olympus assembled to adorn her. “from one of the Oceanids. He was brother to her is the race of women and female kind,” Menoetius, Atlas, and Epimetheus. In the Hesiod writes; “of her is the deadly race and Theogony, Hesiod introduces Prometheus tribe of women who live amongst mortal as a lowly challenger to Zeus’ omniscience men to their great trouble, no helpmeets in and omnipotence. In the trick at Mecone, hateful poverty, but only in wealth.” a sacrificial meal marking the “settling of Prometheus, in eternal punishment, is

Avoid widows and orphans. Basic Rules of Typography Typographic Devices

Prometheus Prometheus A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius.

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Prometheus Prometheus A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius.

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Prometheus Prometheus A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius.

Italics Type Size

PrOMETHEUs Prometheus A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and A Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius.

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1978 – 2009 1978-2009 En Dash En Dash

His myth has been treated by a number of an- cient sources, in which Prometheus is cred- ited with—or blamed for—playing a pivotal --or blamed for-- role in the early history of humankind. Hyphen, Em Dash Hyphen, Em Dash

Quotation“forethought” Mark Quotation"forethought" Mark

LigatureThe office flower LigatureThe office flower

Old1234567890 Style Figures Lining1234567890 Figures

Smallhumankind Caps CapsHumankind Basic Rules of Typography

P r OMETHEUs

In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Ancient Greek: “forethought”) is a Titan, the son of Iapetus and Themis, and brother to Atlas, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was a champion of human- kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him for his crime by having him bound to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver every day only to have it grow back to be eaten again the next day. His myth has been treated by a number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus is credited with playing a pivotal role in the early history of humankind.

The Prometheus myth first appeared in the late 8th-century BC Greek epic poet Hesiod’s Theogony. He was a son of the Titan, Iapetus by Themis or Clymene, one of the Ocean- ids. He was brother to Menoetius, Atlas, and Epimetheus. In the Theogony, Hesiod intro- duces Prometheus as a lowly challenger to Zeus’ omniscience and omnipotence. In the trick at Me- cone, a sacrificial meal marking the “settling of accounts” between mortals and immortals, Pro- metheus played a trick against Zeus. Basic Rules of Typography Typeface: Serif

Quick brown fox Garamond Claude Garamond, 16th Century Old Style Quick brown fox Bodoni Giambattista Bodoni, 1798 Modern Quick brown fox Times new roman Transitional Stanley Morison & Victor Lardent, 1932 Quick brown fox Courier Slab Serif (Monospaced) Howard “Bud” Kettler, 1955 Basic Rules of Typography Typeface: Sans Serif

Quick brown fox Akzidenz Grotesk Günter Lange, 1898 Grotesque Sans Quick brown fox Gill Sans Regular Eric Gill, 1926 Humanist Sans Quick brown fox Futura Medium Paul Renner, 1927 Geometric Sans Quick brown fox Univers Roman Adrian Frutiger, 1954 Neo Grotesque Sans Quick brown fox Helvetica Regular Max Miedinger & Eduard Hoffmann, 1957 Neo Grotesque Sans Books to Reference: - Any publication from Lars Müller Publishers (Graphic Layout / Consistency) - The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Edward Tufte (Information design / data visualization) - Envisioning Information, Edward Tufte (Information design / data visualization) - Visual Explanations: Images and Quantities, Evidence and Narrative, Edward Tufte (information design / data visualization) - Data Flow: Visualizing Information in Graphic Design, Gilles Berton (Diagrams / data graphs) - Data Flow 2: Visualizing Information in Graphic Design, Robert Klanten, Sven Ehmann and Nicolas Bourquin - Mapping Istanbul, Perlin Dervis and Meric Oner (cartography)

Websites / Inspirations: www.cmybacon.com www.suckerpunchdaily.com (student work) Pinterest “architecture diagrams” (drawings) www.archiveofaffinities.tumblr.com/ (conceptual thinking/inspiration) http://relationalthought.wordpress.com/ (drawings) http://radicalcartography.net/ (Bill Rankin Cartography, hi-resolution examples)

Graphic Designers: 2x4 Neil Donnelly Thumb Projects MTWTF Hand Built Studio Amanda Buck MFA Program, Yale

Classification of Type: Old-Style Traditional Modern Style Egyption / Slab-Serif Sans Serif

Classification of Type / Font Recommendations: Old-Style: - Garamond, Bembo, Sabon Traditional: - Caslon, Baskerville, Times Modern Style: - Bodoni, Didot, Walbaum Egyption / Slab Serif: - Clarendon, Rockwell, Serifa Sans Serif: - Myriad, Univers, Helvetica More Font Recommendations: Serif: - Baskerville - Bembo - Bodoni - Casion - Centennial - Garamond - Sabon - Walbaum

Sans Serif: - Akzidenz Grotesk - Bell Gothic - DIN - Frutiger - Gill Sans - Helvetica Neue - Meta - Syntax - Univers - Whitney

Hybrid Styles: - Officina Serif - Officina Sans - Thesis - The Serif - Thesis - The Mix - Thesis - The Sans - Rotis Serif - Rotis Semi Serif - Rotis Semi Sans - Rotis Sans Serif