Historical News Rock

1962 Year-IN-Review: National News

Super Powers

Swap Spies

NASA Astronaut

John Glenn, First American to Orbit

Earth By Gabino Valero-Nolasco

On February 20, 1962, John Glenn became the first American man to orbit the earth when he circled the planet three times while on board Friendship 7 as part of Project Mercury.

Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight Program for the Francis Gary Power on the left and Rudolf Abel on the right US, beginning in 1958. The goals of Project Mercury was to have a man orbit the earth and return him safely home. By Abdirauf Sallah spy plane and was shot down The project was an early highlight of the space race between the while flying a reconnaissance and the United States. The race began when the On February 10, 1962, Francis mission over the Soviet Union Soviets launched a satellite named Sputnik 1 in 1957. Gary Powers was released by the airspace causing the Cold War in Soviets in trade for Soviet Colonel 1960.

The American public was in shock and this led to the creation of Rudolf Abel, an Advanced KGB spy who was caught in the United After his release, Powers said, “I the National Aeronautical and Space Administration. Project Mercury was approved on October 7, 1958 and President States five years earlier. was a pilot flying an airplane and it just so happened that, Eisenhower announced it publicly on December 17. The two spies were brought to where I was flying, made what I The Mercury spacecraft was 10.8 feet long and 6.0 feet wide. separate sides of the Bridge in was doing spying.” Inside the spacecraft were 120 controls, and 55 electrical fuses. Berlin, Germany which connects East and West Berlin across Lake “Standing there like that you The Mercury spacecraft was modified three times by NASA. They Wannsee. reminded me of the man that modified it by putting a heat shield in the blunt end to protect it used to come to our house when from the 3000 degrees of heat. Rudolf was arrested by the FBI I was young. My father used to Agency in 1957 on charge of say: "watch this man'. So I did. conspiracy. While in the other Every time he came. And never once did he do anything hand, Powers was piloting the U-2 remarkable,” said Abel.

First Black Student Registers at University of Mississippi Escorted by Federal Marshals

By: Lissette Lagunas In 1961, he decided to apply to an

“all white” university, University James Meredith became the first of Mississippi. He was accepted black student to attend the but when the registrar found out University of Mississippi in he was not white, he was then 1962. He is involved in the Civil withdrawn. The Brown v. Board Rights Movement of Education ruling of 1954 allowed him file a lawsuit against Meredith was born in the University for Discrimination. Mississippi, in 1933. He was He knew he had the right to raised on the farm with nine attend that University. siblings. The State Courts were not in his His first experience towards favor so the case made its way to racism would be on the train U.S. Supreme Court who ruled in going to Memphis, Tennessee. his favor. Meredith register for

Meredith was ordered to give up classes on September 20, 1962. James Meredith leaves the University of Mississippi’s registrar’s his seat and move to the back of the train. People at the back of On that day a riot was building office escorted by Federal Marshalls. the train would stand for the rest up and the Attorney General of their trip. Robert Kennedy went 500 U.S. “Nobody handpicked me...I believed, and Marshalls to protect Meredith. At that moment, he knew that he believe now, that I have a Divine would dedicate his life to ensure President John F. Kennedy also Responsibility...I am familiar with the probable equal treatment towards the sent military police, troops from African Americans. the Mississippi National Guard difficulties involved in such a move as I am and officials from the U.S. undertaking and I am fully prepared to pursue He continue on with his Border Patrol to keep the education in “all black” schools. situation in peace. James it all the way to a degree from the University of He graduated high school and Meredith officially came to be Mississippi.”---James Meredith went to the United States Air part of the University as a first

Force for nine years. black student.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: National News

Three Men Escape Supreme Court from Alcatraz! Rules Public Assumed Dead School Prayers

Unconstitutional

Frank Morris (left), John Anglin (center) and Clarence Anglin (right)

Francisco Bay. The island is By Spencer Smith surrounded by cold water, sharp Guards panic as prisoners rocks and hard waves. Frank Morris, Clarence and John Anglin disappeared from Their escape was noted as their cells at Alcatraz Island on guards found molded heads in

June 11. No one else to this the beds of the prisoners. Also found were two holes in the date has escaped Alcatraz. By Katie Kelbrants Verbal arguments on this walls of each of their cells used issue began just last May. to crawl in between the walls of All three men, convicted of A group of families from Hyde Engle v. Vitale was brought to the prison. bank robbery, used the bare Park, New York complained that the United States Supreme

minimum to escape from the their children were forcibly told Court and in July 23 ruled Frank Morris and the Anglin thought-to-be impenetrable to recite the prayer, Almighty unconstitutional. The margins Brothers are assumed to be prison in the middle of San God at their local public school. consisted of a 6-1 ratio with missing or dead. This case was led by Steven two justices being absent.

Engel who was Jewish. Engel argued that these mandatory Associate Justice Hugo Black prayers violated the first wrote the opinion of the U.S. EMBARGO amendment to the Constitution, Supreme Court and stated, the freedom of religion. “that, by using its public school system to encourage AGAINST CUBA William J. Vitale, the president recitation of the Regents’ of the Board of Education argued prayer, the State of New York that students who did not has adopted a practice wholly associate themselves with the inconsistent with the ANNOUNCED. By Anna Bichon Christian faith could remain Establishment Clause.” silent during the prayer, or leave President John F. Kennedy announced he ordered an embargo on the island nation of Cuba. He decided to do that because of the the classroom. Vitale argued that Justice Potter Stewart voted these prayers were constitutional for prayers in public schools. installation of new Soviet missiles on the island. because it was voluntary and He could not understand “how Earlier the same week, Kennedy saw airplane pictures as proof for promoted the free exercise of an ‘official religion’ is those missiles. Finally, he met with his advisors. religion, which is also supported established by letting those in the first amendment. who want to say a prayer say In a few days, they realize that they only have three choices: it. I think to deny the wish of negotiate with the Soviets, bomb the missiles in Cuba or blockade The prayer reads as follows, these school children to join the island. "Almighty God, we acknowledge in reciting this prayer is to our dependence upon Thee, and deny them the opportunity of President Kennedy talked aout a “quarantine” for the island of beg Thy blessings upon us, our sharing in the spiritual Cuba. “This urgent transformation of Cuba into an important teachers, and our country." heritage of our Nation.” strategic base—by the presence of these large, long-range, and

clearly offensive weapons of sudden mass destruction--constitutes The families that disagreed with The practice of prayers in these prayers proceeded to sue Public Schools contradicts the an explicit threat to the peace and security of all the Americas” he said, adding “In that sense, missiles in Cuba add to an already Vitale in 1959 for violating the First Amendment to the religious clause in the first Constitution. Although ruled clear and present danger.” amendment. unconstitutional, many Americans listening to his speech on the TV became worried. The disagree with this decision. President sent a warning to the U.S.S.R. saying that the U.S. would not surrender in any case of nuclear attack by Cuba and made the Western part of the world on really high state of alert. Lutheran Churches Kennedy thought the embargo was a punishment againt Fidel Castro’s alliance with the U.S.S.R. But Cuba and the U.S.S.R. were not the only ones punished. It ended up that the U.S. also lost Merge money by making the blockade and stopping the trade. By Hussein Aden

The American Lutheran Church was an organization formed in 1930 by a merger of various Evangelical Lutheran groups. It is headquartered in New York City.

This Church is made up of migrants from European heritage like German, Swede, and other Europeans.

The Lutheran Church was often considered the most liberal churches in the country because most of the Lutheran Churches had their own way of teaching that means not all of them teach the same way.

Lutheran Churches were built in the East and Midwest because many immigrants from Europe lived there.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: National News

Supreme Court Columbus Day

OKs Court Storm Wreaks

Reapportionment Havoc on Pacific

Northwest

By Lissette Lagunas The case was taken to the Supreme Court since they were arguing about an The U.S. Supreme Court ruled Administrative Law. The law that lower courts can force a that they were discussing state to reapportion as required about was on how the federal by congress. Reapportionment government was treating its citizens. is the process to ensure that a state’s representation in the U.S. Baker concluded that the state House of Representatives is was violating the 14th By Dimanique Chapman In the Oregon Town of Lake equal based on population. Amendment equal protection Oswego they had 4,000 houses clause because the state has A Pacific Northwest within the Border, and the storm

There was a law in Tennessee not be reapportioned since windstorm, known as Typhoon damaged 70% of them. that required towns to give Freda, struck the West coast of 1901! population statistics every 10 Canada and the Pacific The storm caused about $230- years. Many of the town’s Northwest of the United States %280 million in damage in Every citizen within the followed except Millington, United States is protected on Columbus Day. This storm California, Oregon, Washington headed by Mr. Charles Baker, under the 14th Amendment, has been the most intense storm and British Columbia, $170- the mayor. He explained that who are to be treated equally in the region since 1948 and the $200 million was in Oregon the state of Tennessee did not without acknowledging their most powerful wind storm of alone. follow this law appropriately. backgrounds. The state the 20th century to strike the noticed that in urban areas like Pacific Northwest. This storm was more like a The state then responded that Memphis there were more hurricane than the typical mid- the reason to gather the town’s people voting than what the The Columbus Day Storm was latitude cyclone. population was for “political population was recorded reborn from the remains of purposes.” Of course, Baker did previously. Typhoon Freda which drifted The storm had lots of rain, not buy the excuse. He sued the into a powerful storm off which created landslides and state’s secretary, Joseph Carr. Then they noticed that people northern California. The storm delayed games of the World Baker said that they could have brought wind gusts of up to 179 Series between the San were migrating to urban areas followed that law in a better and populations were mph, destroying everything and Francisco Giants and the New way but they did not. anything in its path. York Yankees. increasing, which led to the court case of Baker v. Carr. Today’s Sale is

Tomorrow’s Satellite Brings World Together Happiness By Maddie Christy

Ever wanted a good sale? The Its sleek, futuristic frame is opening of K-Mart, Target, and made of aluminum. It holds 14 Walmart gives shoppers access watts of power generated by to things they never had before. 3,600 solar panels.

K-Mart, opened in Garden City, The design allows the satellite MI on March 1. Executive Harry to be placed in low orbit Cunningham thinks the lower circling the earth every two and prices will bring families a half hours. Telstar is together. Families will now have redefining the reach of access to things like food, humanity, changing life. clothes, and office supplies for their everyday needs. Four K- If Telstar is successful, live Mart stores have opened since television broadcasts can be and are successful so far.

aired across the world. We will no longer rely on tapes shipped Target, first opened in Roseville, by airplane. MN on May 1. John F. Geisse’s

A model of Telestar idea of major discount retailing It launched from Cape emerged and the Dayton Canaveral, Florida, soaring into This impressive technology Company created Target. By Sheyenne Atheneos space. Its first relay was in was designed and built France, broadcasting a U.S. flag Telstar, a collaboration between through an international effort Walmart opened in Rogers, AR outside of a receiving station in U.S, British and French between American Telephone on July 2. Sam Walton, the Maine. broadcasting agencies, relayed and Telegraph, the National founder, based the corporation its first non-public television Aeronautics and Space on the saying, “The Lowest In addition, this satellite is pictures on July 11. Administration, Bell Prices Anytime, Anywhere.” equipped to handle calls, and Labratories, the British Walton said, “If we work even picture faxes. This modern This satellite can hold up to 600 General Post Office, and the together, we'll lower the cost of technology is said to tie the phone calls and even broadcast French National Post, living for everyone...we'll give eyes and ears of the world T.V. channels. This satellite is Telegraph, and Telecom the world an opportunity to see together, a global collaboration expected to improve office. what it's like to save and have a and advancement. communications worldwide. better life.”

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: National News

Seeds of Democracy Planted High Court Rules By Maiashia Roberts

The student activist group Students for a Democratic Society at the University of Michigan wrote this political manifesto as a Against Post Office response to the U.S. government’s handling of international By Diminique Chapman problems like the Vietnam War and the United States’ vendetta against communism. The United States Supreme Court ruled that photographs of nude male models are not obscene. This opened the U.S mail to nude The revolutionary Port Huron Statement was completed on June male magazines aimed at gay men. 15. This is the first case where the Court engaged in review of the Post It portrayed a non-violent yet disobedient approach to America’s Office Department order holding obscene non-mailable. current governmental practices. It outlined the main problems that the U.S. is currently facing, as the South vs. North racial Herman Lynn Womack. Publisher of three beefcake magazines, tensions, and the outburst of anti-communist actions induced by MANual, Trim and Grecian Guild Pictorial, filed the lawsuit against the U.S. Postal Service when they USPS refused to deliver the the recent Cold War. magazines because they are obscene. The main leaders of Students for a Democratic Society are Aryeh Neier and Tom Hayden, who were co-presidents of the student group. The MANual Magazine is aimed at gay men, but did not explicitly say it was. The MANual Enterprises Court case was divided. After the Roth V. United States case, the court had troubles with refining their approach to obscenity.

Anti-Fraternity Formed The majority opinion was crafted by the revision of the Court's view By Sheyenne Atheneos of obscenity. Both courts argued that the intended audience made the material obscene. “Through loyalty and integrity we shall achieve greatness”. Groove Phi Groove social fellowship incorporated was founded The majority found that male nude/nude homosexual portrayal, today at Morgan State College. It serves as an alternative to "cannot fairly be regarded as more objectionable than many traditional black fraternities. portrayals of the female nude that society tolerates."

This fellowship was founded by a group of young black men who wanted a change to what could be described as the “traditionalism of subjectively ascribed pseudo-fraternal organizations.”

Instead of the normal Greek based fraternity, this social fellowship incorporates Afro-centric perspectives. It was founded by men referred to as the 14 pearls: Glenn Brown Raymond Clark, John Conquest, Walter Goodwin, Barry Hampton, James Hill, Charles Johnson, Nathaniel Monroe, David Nesbit, Nathaniel Parham, Harry Payne, Barry Simms, Robert Simpson, and Woodrow Williams.

There has yet to be a president of this new alternative fraternity.

The fellowship name “Groove: comes from the socialization associated with the word. It also refers to going against the groove, or the fixed routine in the affairs of life. “Phi,” which represents fertility, was adopted to symbolize the fellowships constant growth and development.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: International News

Pope John XXIII Guard kills man trying Excommunicates Fidel Castro

to escape East Berlin

By Christian Viscarra

The atmosphere in Berlin was

tense all summer long. June was the bloodiest month. There was never a day without Pope John XXIII an incident occurring at the Berlin Wall. By: Lissette Lagunas

August 17 was no different. Fidel Castro, Cuba’s maximum Peter Fechter and a friend tried leader, was born and baptized as a to cross the Berlin Wall. Roman Catholic. He never declared himself as an atheist Fechter was shot in the back despite his status in the while climbing the wall. They Communist Party. But on January were both only teenagers. 3, Castro was kicked out of the

Helmut, his friend, ran through Catholic Church and from the hail of bullets to the West side “Kingdom of Heaven”. but Peter was shot when he was almost over the wall. He layed Castro took the church’s power in front of the border dead. and influence away as he came to realize that for hundreds of year People on both sides of the wall the church used its authority and witnessed the actions of the the Bible to crush women as well guards. When he was shot he as African Americans. shouted for help but no one did. It was also said that he was Police asked for his name while excommunicated due to the 1949 he was screaming and dying. decree by Pope Pius XII. It states The policemen said it was not that if Catholics fail to obey the their problem because he was prohibition of helping the one trying to cross. communism under any aspect it is

While he was on the ground shouting for help photographers were an automatic excommunication. taking pictures of Peter Fechter. Fechter was pronounced dead at a hospital. He laid on the Unfortunately, Pope John XXIII ground for 50 long minutes. limited Castro’s membership to the Catholic Church. This action Mandela Arrested, Imprisoned Fechter had two older sisters. also send an important message to His father was an engine all of Cuba’s leader to show who for Fight against Apartheid builder and his mother was a is under control. sales clerk. apartheid. The charges were dropped in 1958.

China Campaigns Against Pests Umkhonto weSizwe was launched as armed wing of the

African National Congress. This was co-founded by

Nelson Mandela. The armed Nelson Mandella wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe had a meaning of “Speaker of the By Bontu Hordofa and Sagal Nation”. Adan In 1962 Nelson Mandela South African dissident Nelson secretly, went to Ethiopia and Mandela was arrested on spent time in there to get a August 5. He was charged with military and political training, inciting workers’ strikes and to support the Umkhonto WeSizwe He also addressed leaving the country without permission. the organization of African unity.

Mandela is the leader of the He was trained under Emperor African National Congress, who has been working to end the Haile Selassie’s army. Selassie segregation ist policy called great help to Nelson Mandela. Eurasian Tree Sparrow is the most targeted Sparrow in this campaign Apartheid. After Mandela was done with his training, he went back to By Elizabeth Mauricio Apartheid is a system of South Africa to go against the regularized racial segregation apartheid system. China started their “Great Leap Forward” with a campaign to rid the and discrimination happening in country of animals they deem as pests. in South Africa. Charles As he returned to South Africa, Robberts Swart is the president on August 5, 1962 he was The Great Sparrow Campaign is one of the very first actions taken in of South Africa. arrested. On November 7, he The Great Leap forward that started in 1958. The four pests that are was sentenced to five years in trying to be removed are rats, flies, mosquitoes, and sparrows.

Nelson Mandela was born on prison. The reason for him to go to the jail was for leaving Started in 1958 by Mao Tse-Dung, the campaign aimed to eradicate July 18, 1918 in Mvezo, South Africa. His birth name was South Africa without a the pests responsible for the transmission of pestilence and disease. passport and without Rolihlahla. He got the nickname “Nelson” from his acknowledging his trip to Mosquitoes are responsible for malaria. Rats spread the plague. school teacher. Ethiopia. Sparrows eat the grains which is needed to feed the Chinese population. They generally eat so much that they die because they are Mandela was accused of treason Mandela is currently serving too heavy. They then fall on people. Flies also carry disease. in South Africa in 1956. He was his sentence at a local prison in accused of treason because the capital city of South Africa, To prevent sparrows from resting on tree branches, people are banging Mandela was protesting the Pretoria. pots and pans, so the birds can not have any type of rest. They are government’s use of dying from exhaustion. Sparrows’ nests are being destroyed, chicks being killed, eggs being broken.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: International News

Trains Crash in Turmoil Disrupts

Tokyo Kills 160 World Gov’t’s

British Prime Jaramillo Minister Fires 1/3 of Cabinet Assassinated!

Harold MacMillan

By: Albaro Cloud-Sanchez Ruben Jaramillo By Gregory Wilson The next collision being Harold MacMillan, the Prime between a passenger train and Minister of the United By Serena Boyle One hundred sixty people were a freight train. The total death Kingdom, dismissed one third killed when three trains toll was 160 and there were of his cabinet because Mexican Revolutionary Ruben collided in Tokyo, Japan. 296 injured with a total of MacMillan lost faith with his Jaramillo was assassinated by three trains. cabinet members. a group of Mexican Federal Mikawashima train crash was Judical Police and Soldiers. a devastating train crash that Through all this people did not MacMillan wanted to reshuffle happened on May 3, 1962. The realize that the second crash but not just yet. It was leaked Ruben Jaramillo was born in incident happened when one happened within six min of the to the press by Rab Butler, a the year 1900 in train was on approach to0 fast first one. The second crash conservative politician, who Tlaquiltenango, Morelos. At and was going to collide with could have been avoided if made the decision by talking the age of 15 he joined the

another train so the safety rail they had told all the trains to with Lord Rothermere, and Liberation Army of South. At was activated. stop or reverse. then releasing the news to the 17 he attained the rank of public. Captain and commanded 75 The train was going too fast Some may argue the growth in men. and turned so suddenly it flew injuries/deaths were the fault MacMillan feared his cabinet off the track. While people of those who were in the train was going through a bad time. Jaramillo’s house was raided were focusing on the train that control center. Rescue workers He lost faith with his cabinet on May 23, 1962 where his just flew off the track another cleared the trains out and members. assassination took place. He collision was on its way. move the bodies to a nearby was killed along with his temple to be identified by the The cabinet is a body of high pregnant wife, and all of his families. ranking officials. This group sons. The only person in the of people make decisions for family who survived was his the people and government. daughter who managed to run to the city. MacMillan served during the Nehru Re-Elected By Aisha Mohamed World War I and then became Ruben Jaramillo persuaded the Prime Minister of United campesinos to stop producing Jawaharial Nehru was re-elected Prime Minister of India. He is the Kingdom. cane for the mill once only Prime Minister India has had since its independence. Zacatepec sugar mill workers He had a good home with a went on strike in 1943. Jawaharlal Nehru was born November 14, 1889, in Allahabad. He family. His father was a was a leader of the Indian independence movement under the publisher and his mother n The state government then leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. artist. He attended Balliol ordered the arrest for Jaramillo College, Oxford, where he where the then fled and went He has ruled India since it was established as an independent joined political societies. arms up against the nation in 1947. government.

He believes in a secular nation-state and was validated by

Congress when the Constitution of India was enacted. He has ambitious programs of economic social and political. Pope Calls Church Leaders to

Vatican for Special Council

Algeria, Samoa Gain Independence By Zoe Chinander-McFaul

By Ingrid Cabezas-Arevalo By Christian Viscarra An ecumenical council, or a meeting of Catholic leaders, was called into session by Pope John XXIII, the first Vatican Council Algeria became an Western Samoa became an in almost 100 years. It was thought to be needed since World War independent country after 130 independent nation on Jan. 1. II ended and the world returned to “normal.” years of French rule, with the What made them independent conclusion of its revolutionary was the Western Samoa Act of Pope John XXIII thought that there should be some change of war against France on July 5. 1961. religious laws. A few documents released this year show a theme of reconciliation and an emphasis on the humanitarian aspect of The Algerian Front National Samoa also signed a friendship the church and strove to be a part of the community of the world, Liberation, formed by young treaty with Zealand. It was the not a power over the world. Algerian Muslims, fought to first small island to become gain from 1954 to 1962. They independent in the Pacific. They are trying to be more inclusive. The church may encourage used guerilla warfare. inter-religious mingling, offer counseling with religious leaders Samoa was first discovered by and priests over current events, like the Cold War and the Cuban The movement for the 18th century French and Missile Crisis, and open the halls of the church to offer community independence began during British. space for people of all faiths. World War I and gained power after France promised greater In November 2 1871, New This meeting may introduce many changes to the Catholic Church. self-rule for Algeria. Zealand took over the Samoan It is scheduled to continue until 1965. islands France sent 500,000 troops to defeat the revoltionaroies, but Western Samoa was called the failed.. “Navigator Islands.”

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Entertainment

World’s Fair Sex Symbol Dies of Focuses on Technology Overdose at Home.

By: Lissette Lagunas Later, that same day Robert Kennedy went to Monroe’s

Movie actress, Marilyn house to convince her to give up her diary but she refused. Monroe, was found dead on August 5, 1962. Her maid, He went with two bodyguards and one of the body guards Eunice Murray, found Monroe dead on her bed with a gave Monroe an injection of telephone on one hand and an Nembutal to calm her down. empty bottle of pills. The pills They started taking her clothes were prescribed to treat her off and gave her a powerful enema that would further depression. Police started to investigate in her case, which sedate her. they eventually came to Her maid noticed that her Josmar Tapia-Hernandez conclude that her death was probably a suicide. There has been a theory that the bedroom lights were on late at Kennedy brothers had been part night. She went to find out The World's First 21st Century Exposition, also known as Born Norma Jean Mortensen, of her death. Robert F. what Monroe was doing but Seattle’s World Fair, was an she adopted her modeling Kennedy told Monroe that he Monroe was not responding so would not marry her, the maid called Monroe’s exposition to show new screen name as Marilyn creations in science, Monroe. She was very psychiatrist. Monroe threaten him by going technology and industry. successful. She acted in many films as well as modeled for public and revealing her affairs He then broke through the with him and his brother, John. John F. Kennedy opened up calendars. window to find her dead on her She was also having an affair bed. Murray also mentioned the fair by supporting it and saying “I AM HONORED to At the age of 16, Monroe with her psychiatrist, Dr. Ralph that earlier in the day she had Greenson. One of the heard Robert F. Kennedy’s open the Seattle World's fair married a worker from an today. What we show is Kennedy’s told Greenson that attorney arguing with her, aircraft factory. She had many achieved with great effort in different marriages but they she was planning to go public which could have led to about their affair. Monroe’s suicide. the fields of science, only seem to last for couple of technology and industry. These months. hHer mother had been accomplishments are a bridge emotionally unstable and was which carry us confidently frequently at an asylum. towards the 21st century. Many nations have sent exhibits and will send their people. We welcome them.” Space Age Takes over Popular Culture The exposition had about nearly 10 million visitors all Jeston’s Fly British Group Hits over from the world. Many #1 on Charts with visitors came to see new inventions. They came to ride into Television Out of This World on the new inventions like the By Gregory Wilson monorail. Instrumental

The Jetson’s is the next big The fair was originally plan to thing in television. The By Maiasha Roberts launch in 1955 but to celebrate futuristic family premiered on the 50th anniversary of the September 23, 1962. Telstar by The Tornados 1909 Alaska Yukon Pacific becomes the first British song exposition but it was delayed. The show is based on life in to hit #1 the American weekly 2012 flying cars, floating charts. This top selling houses and robot servants are instrumental track entered into Warhol Begins a new genre with its futuristic the norm.. The show is based on a normal family who The Jetson’s animated cast feel and sci-fi vibe. Pop Art always get the newest things. (from left to right) Front Row: Written and produced by Joe Astro, Elroy Jetson. Back Movement The new theme song may be Row: Rosie the Robot Maid, Meek, the 1962 hit was the second of two Tornados the most famous part of the George Jetson, Jane Jetson, By Sierra Malberg show. There are characters Judy Jetson. singles to become popular, the first being their 1961 song such as George Jetson. He is “Love and Fury”. The Campbell’s Soup Can art 40 years old. He is also the was made by Andy Warhol in main character maybe even Telstar features the clavioline, 1962. It consists of thirty two the protagonist of the show. canvases. It was a major art He loves his family but seems a distinctly futuristic sounding keyboard instrument that gives movement for pop up art. It is to always make the wrong displayed at the Museum of the song an interesting feel, choices. His job is at this Modern Art, which is in place called Spacely Space almost like the listener is in space. Midtown Manhattan, New Sprockets. York city.

He is married and has two Later this year, a version of Telstar with an added vocal His exhibit was first seen in the kids. Jane Jetson is the wife of Ferus Gallery of Los Angeles George. She is 33, seven years track, sung by Kenny Hollywood, was released as a California. He created this younger than George, but Cover of the Tornados’ single because he said, “I used to happily married. Jane is a single by Decca records. Telstar, named after the drink it, I had the same lunch homemaker who cleans, but it communications satellite The original version was every day, for 20 years, I does not seem to bother her (shown below) guess, the same thing over and because they have a house performed by Clem Cattini on drums, Alan Caddy on lead over again.” maid. guitar, George Bellamy on rhythm guitar, Heinz Burt on Andy Warhol was born named Then there are the two Andrew Warhola. He was not bass, and Roger LaVern on children, Judy and Elroy. The just famous for his Campbell’s also have a dog, Astro. additional keyboards. Soup can pop up art but also for the Marilyn Diptych Characters are voiced by the painting in 1962, which was a following: George O'Hanlon silkscreen painting just like the voices George Jetson, Jane Campbell’s art. Jetson is voiced by Penny Singleton, Elroy Jetson by Daws Butler, and Judy Jetson by Janet Waldo.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Entertainment

Movies Make Huge Debut in 1962

World Premiere of Dr. No, first Music Man Goes From of many promised Bond films

be turned into films. The movie Stage to Screen

opened on October 5. By Tait Erickson

Directed by Terence Young and The Music Man, a film based produced by Harry Saltzman and on the 1957 Broadway musical Albert R. Broccoli, Dr. No by Meredith Wilson, was premiered at the London Pavilion released on June 19. with a budget of $1.1 million. The film, directed and produced

The 109 minute movie made an by Morton DaCosta, stars astounding $59.5 million in the Robert Preston, Shirley Jones, box office. Buddy Hackett, Hermione

Gingold,,and Paul Ford. The leading roles consisted of Sean Connery as the hero, James The Music Man is about a con Bond, Ursula Andress as the man, Harold Hill, who goes to hero’s girl, Honey Ryder, and towns and convinces the locals Sean Connery as the suave Joseph Wiseman as the main to help him create a band for the James Bond villain, Dr. No. kids by giving him money for

instruments and uniforms. By Brian Avre Expect more of Fleming’s James

Bond to be in theatres in future His plan is to leave the town as Ian Fleming’s book, Dr. No, years. soon as he receives the money became the first of his books to but he develops feelings for one

of the locals, Marian, which leaves him with a decision on whether to leave or not. Epic Movie Chronicles Life of The 1962 adaptation is almost the same plot and setting as the Lawrence of Arabia musical.

By Hussein Aden If you never had the chance to watch the musical this movie is Lawrence of Arabia is an epic definitely recommend. This historical drama film based on adaptation has a good mix of music, comedy, and romance to the life of Thomas Lawrence. keep you entertained.

The director was David Lean, and the producer is Sam Tragedy strikes Spiegel. The star of the film is Peter O’Toole in the title role. Wallendas on Wire This film was considered one By Caroline Seybold of the greatest and most influential films in the history On Jan. 30, an accident with of cinema. The music director two deaths happened during the was Maurice Jarre who produce Wallendas circus show in the lots of kinds music tunes. They State Fair coliseum in Detroit. spent $15 million on this film The Wallenda family is famous which to it's the right money for their high-wire acts, because if you watch the movie performed in front of they act nicely and they also approximately 7500 spectators. provide good graphics it is also a long movie with 222 The circus show worked out as minutes. planned until the seven person pyramid, probably the most Thomas Edward Lawrence was dangerous and thrilling acts born on 16th of August 1888 in performed since 1948. Tremadog. He married Sarah Junner, a young Scotswoman The pyramid is built on four who had been engaged as people standing on a wire and governess to his daughter. balancing the three other people above them and was known as

Sarah and Thomas soon had T.E. Lawrence in 1919 Wallenda’s signature work. five children after their marriage and they were all Witnesses said performer Dieter things and traveling to old sites boys. Schepp yelled, “I can’t hold it mostly in the Middle East. anymore!” and lost his footing. During 1910, Lawrence studied At the age of 15, Lawrence and The human pyramid collapsed. History at College learning more his school friend, Cyril, cycled information about the Middle around the world searching for Schepp, Richard Faughnan and East and the Holy Sites. clues to make a movie about Mario Wallenda fell. The other

the world itself. performers managed to grab the Before he went to college wire and hold on to it. Lawrence set alone on a three The summer of 1906 and 1907, month walking tour of crusader Lawrence and Cyril toured Jenny Wallenda finished her castles in Ottoman Syria during France by bicycle, collecting part and was tstanding on a which he traveled 1,000 miles photographs, drawings and platform watching helplessly as on foot. That is hard to do measurements of medieval family members fell. because the Middle East is castles. almost all sandy desert and Men rushed in with a safety net imagine you walking in desert in Lawrence and his friend for 17-year-old Jana Schepp, a hot sun. enjoyed studying about old but not even the net could

prevenmt serious head injuries.

Schepp and Faughnan died. Mario Wallenda injuries would leave him paralyzed.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Entertainment

Johnny Carson First Lady takes TV on Lucy Returns becomes host of White House Tour To TV! Tonight Show

Ed McMahon and Johnny Carson

Lucille Ball and Vivian Vance

By Julio Gonzales-Mendez By Sagal Adan Johnny Carson became The Tonight Show’s third host Lucille Ball returned to beginning on Oct 1, 1962. He television starring in The Lucy follows Steve Allen and Jack Show. Ball portrays Lucy Paar into the host chair. Carmichael, a widow with two children living in a small town in Carson is assisted by Ed New York. Lucy Carmichael McMahon and band leader CBS Reported Charles Collingsworth and First Lady Jacqueline lives with a divorced friend Skitch Henderson. The band Kennedy named Vivian Bagley. This includes many up and coming divorced friend was portrayed by musicians including Carl “Doc” By Anna Bichon Vivian Vance. Severinsen. Ed Shaughnessy and Tommy Newsom. A Tour of the White House with Mrs. John F. Kennedy was a The CBS network thought the

television special show with the First Lady of the United States, audience would not accept a Jacqueline Kennedy on a tour of the renovated White House. It divorced woman but the writers Hot Wheels was broadcast on Valentine's Day, February 14, 1962, on both continued to include Vivian Allows Boys the CBS and NBC, and broadcast a few days later on ABC. Bagley in the script, making her the first divorcee in primetime Thrill of Racing Jacqueline Kennedy was the wife of the 35th President of the television history. United States, John F. Kennedy, and First Lady of the United By Avery Segebarth States. Ball and Vance reunite in the show, having played best friends Elliot Handler, co-owner of The restoration of the White House was Kennedy's first major in I Love Lucy. Mattel, a toy-maker and owner project as First Lady. She was engaged in the restoration and of the Hot Wheels brand redecoration of the President’s official residence, the White House. Incredible Hulk released his new brand toy on June 10, 1968. Hot Wheels are She was in charge of the project to make it historically interesting and she definitly knew a lot about history. brought to Life looked at as “tricked out” toy cars. In an interview, she said, "All these people come to see the White

Sixteen cars were released, House and they see practically nothing that dates back before known as “The Original 16” or 1948." “Sweet Sixteen.” The car names of the Sweet Sixteen Within a month of becoming first lady, she established a White were Beatnik Bandit, Custom House Fine Arts Committee where she hired experts in historic Barracuda, Custom Camaro, preservation and decorative arts. Custom Corvette, Custom Cougar, Custom Eldorado, The finished documentary was produced by Perry Wolff and Custom Firebird, Custom directed by the feature film director Franklin J. Schaffner.

Fleetside, Custom Mustang, The program was the first televised tour of the White House and is Custom T-Bird, Custom Volkswagen, Deora, Ford J- considered as the first prime-time documentary there to appeal a most likely female audience. Car, Hot Heap, Python, By Mateo Perez Silhouette. The super hero we have only

Each of the cars included BR heard about created by 40-year- “Spectraflame” paintwork, old Stanley Martin Lieber has bearings, redline wheels, and been brought to life on the first working suspension. Rock ‘n Roll R&B Top ever Incredible Hulk comic book that was released May 1. This is Pink was considered a girls the first time the public has ever color so it is not really used in Music Charts in 1962 seen The Hulk. The major the Hot Wheels brand. question is whether the By Peija Enestvedt Incredible Hulk is he a man or is The point of the Hot Wheels is he a monster? This has been the best year in music. We have had everything from for them to be raced on a plastic track. In order for the Rock ’n’ Roll to Rhythm and Blues. We have witnessed some of The Frankenstein looking the greatest songs of our era being produced. cars to go fast, Mattel choose superhero was brought to life by the cheap durable plastic called Jack Kirby. The artist was born Delrin for in between the axle Songs like Twist and The Lion Sleeps Tonight have rocked the in New York City, New York in and wheel. charts. Both of these musical masterpieces were produced early in 1917 and studied at Pratt the year, within 10 days of each other in early January. These two Institute, a private school in New songs competed for first place in the top 100. York City, New York.

We have had many artists put together magnificent pieces. Some of Not only was the huge green these pieces are Duke of Earl, Peppermint Twist-Part 1, I Can’t superhero created, but also his Stop Loving You, and Soldier Boy. second, better half, Robert Bruce

Banner, a genius scientist who The record has had a major impact in 1962. We have witnessed was exposed to gamma radiation history being made in the music industry. We have much to look cursing him with his second half. forward to with artists such as Elvis Presley, Chubby Checker, and Banner would transform into the Ray Charles. Hulk based on his stress level.

This new comic book has been very popular and we hope to see a television series based on the monster scientist soon.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Entertainment

Twist Dance Crazy New Book Illustrates Cruelty of Soviet Gulag Returns to the Charts!

By Emmet Hurley By Josmar Tapia-Hernandez

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s most recent novella, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, depicts the life of someone working in Chubby Checker’s The Twist one of the Soviet gulag work camps. The protagonist, Ivan returned to the music charts. Denisovich, was falsely charged for being a German spy, and It was released in 1960, which sentenced to ten years at the work camp. gave birth to the twist dance craze. The dance would take The story is similar to Solzhenitsyn’s own experience at the over America. work camps, and is one of the reasons he is so critical of the Soviet Union’s Stalinist past. The Twist was a song that originally came out in 1959 Gulag is the Soviet Union’s main Administration of Corrective by Hank Ballard and the Labor Camps. In 1950 Aleksandr was sentenced to an eight Midnighters. term imprisonment at a corrective labor camp in Kazakhstan.

This is where he would form the main theme of his novella.

Chubby performed on American Bandstand and Chubby Checker, born Ernest The story begins with ‘Ivan’ waking up with a fever and aches, more people started to dance Evans demonstrated his and sleeping in late after the wakeup call. Of course, he is to the Twist. version of The Twist. Many punished, showing the brutality of the Soviet Correctional of his songs have become system. The Twist became the second dance favorites. song to ever number one on He is punished, and later goes to the facilities nurse, where he is two separate occasions. The told that he is not sick enough to escape work. The story’s other song was Bing Crosby’s theme revolves around how harsh the gulag is, and the atrocious “White Christmas.” sentencing given by the Soviets.

If you are looking for a short-story with realism, and showing Mexican Fast Food the outrageous and unjust Soviet system for corrections, Aleksandr’s new novella One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

Restaurant Created is a key read, and perfect for a little political education. The book is now available to purchase at your local bookstore, but it will be popular so get it quick! in California

By Farahan Idris

A restaurant that will get Mexican food to the customers quickly, opened in California on March 21.

Glen Bell, who had previously opened up a hot dog stand called Bell’s Drive-In and Taco’s Tia in San Bernardino, opened the first ‘Taco Bell’ restaurant.

Bell was inspired by watching long lines of customers at a Mexican Restaurant called Mitla Cafe, which attracted its customers with hard-shelled tacos.

He began eating there, and eventually were invited by the chefs to look at their taco recipe. He then used that recipe to open up a couple of taco stands a couple of years ago before he finally created Taco Bell.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Sports

Mexican Racing Wilt Scores 100 Driver Dies at points in a Game!

Grand Prix By Gregory Wilson

Wilt Chamberlain became the first player to score 100 points

in a single game. He scored 100 points playing for Philadelphia against the New York Knicks. Philadelphia won 169–147.

This score may be an unbeatable record for years to “Goliath.” This will be a day come. that will be forever remembered. This 100 point People are questioning the game might get wilt a spot on authenticity of the list of Hall of Fame. Chamberlain’s100 point game because they do not really Wilt Chamberlain was born have scores down like that yet. August 21, 1936 in

Many people were able to Philadelphia. Wilt attended competed in the 1961 and school in the University of 1962 Formula One seasons. witness history in the making as Wilt made basket after Kansas. He wears the number 13 and playing the basket. Ricardo was born in Mexico center position and he had a City, Mexico. He was a He is being called “Wilt the total weight of 275 pounds. cycling champion as a child and then switched to Stilt,” “The Big Dipper,” and motorcycles in domestic competition from the age of

14.

He won several national Feller, Robinson motorcycle titles. In 1957 he made his international debut Selected To Baseball at Riverside. He beat all comers in under 1.5 liter By Gabino Valero-Nolasco class in a Porsche RS. He also won his class in a Hall of Fame

Ricardo Rodriguez died Porsche Spyder in the during practice for the Grand Nassau Tourist Trophy.

Prix. The Lotus rear right Rodriguez often raced for the suspension failed at the fearsome Peraltada turn, North American Racing Team with his Brother causing Rodriguez to crash. Pedro. In 1961 he was given Rodriguez hit the barriers a guest drive by Ferrari for which killed him instantly. He the Italian Grand Prix. died at the age of 20. He qualified a surprising Ricardo Rodriguez was born second and became the in February, 1942 and died youngest driver in history to November, 1962. He was a start from front row. Mexican racing driver who Rodriguez also won the 1962 Targa Florio edition.

Soviets Dominate World Edd Roush, Jackie Robinson, Bob Feller and Bill McKenchie

Gymnastics Titles By: Julia Offerdahl

Bob Feller and Jackie Robinson were elected to the Baseball Hall By Anna Bichon with 10 medals: 4 golden, 3 of Fame on their first ballot by the Baseball Writers Association silver and 3 bronze. of America. The election followed a new system. The 15th Artistic World Championships , who hosted Robinson requested that only his on the field accomplishments happened between July 3 to 8, the games, finished second were taken into consideration by the voters. His plaque does not 1962 in Prague, the capital of with a total of 6 medals. feature any descriptions of him breaking the color barrier in 1947. Czechoslovakia. The last time Prague hosted the event was The Soviet team consisted of Feller began his major league journey in 1936 at age 17. In his in 1938. Polina Astakhova, Lidia first start in August, he struck out 15 St. Louis Browns. Ivanova, ,

For the competition, each , Sofia On December 9, 1941 Feller enlisted into World War II. During country was allowed to enter Muratova, and Irina this process he gave up almost four seasons of his career. a team of eight gymnasts, but Pervushina. in contrast to the previous Robinson’s remarkable baseball career opened the doors for other World Championships not The all-around was won by blacks in baseball, but also opened many doors for a nation that more than six of them were Larisa Latynina. In the , was struggling to live out the precepts of the 14th Amendment. allowed to participate in all Czechoslovakian Věra exercises. Čáslavská took the first On April 3, 1942, Robinson was inducted into the U.S. Army place. during World War II. Nations with incomplete teams, could enter one to The were won The Veterans Committee also selected two people to be inducted, three gymnasts for the by Soviet Irina Pervushina Bill McKechnie and Edd Roush. individual competition. The and on Czech Soviet Union ended up Eva Bosáková won. Larisa McKechnie managed five teams from 1915-1946. He won 1896 winning at least one honor in games during his 31-year career as a manager. Latynina won the . every category. They finished

Roush played outfield for seven teams from 1913-1931. He finished with a .323 career batting average and 2376 hits. Roush used a 46-ounce bat and claimed he never broke one in his career.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Sports

Wills, Fraser Liston Beats

Named AP Patterson; Claims

Heavyweight Title Athletes of

the Year

By Rosalinda Salazar Champion. The ringside seats were sold for $100. Sonny Liston knocked out

Maury Wills Dawn Fraser Floyd Patterson two minutes Charles “Sonny” Liston was into their September 25 title born in Arkansas around 1930.

By Bontu Hordofa Dawn Fraser is the only bout in Chicago to win the He was born into a family of swimmer to win the same heavyweight championship. poor sharecroppers. Maury Wills, Major League Olympic event twice. She Baseball and Dawn Fraser, won Gold medals in the 100 Patterson was 27 years old Liston started boxing in the Swimming were named meter freestyle at the 1956 and Liston was 28 years old. early 1950’s while he was in Associated Press Male and and 1960 Summer Olympics Liston was favored to win prison. He was an amateur Female Athletes of the Year and as a member of the based on his powerful boxer for about a year after he for 1962. 4x100 Meter relay team. punches. was released from prison. won the 1956 Chicago Golden Wills played for Los She was born on Sep 4, 1937 Patterson was quick with his Gloves Championships. Angeles Dodger. In 1962, he in Balmain, Sydney, feet and his hands. A lot of was named National League Australia. people wanted Patterson to Liston signed a professional Most Valuable Player. Wills contract in 1953. Liston is not win to because he was the broke the single season The AP’s first Athlete of the quick with his feet or his hands Heavyweight World but he could punch really hard. stolen base record with 104. Year was in 1931. The award The old record was 96 set by is voted on by a panel of AP Ty Cobb. sport editors from the United States. Even though this The National League played started in U.S. and a majority a 162-game schedule for the of the winner have been Palmer wins Masters first time. Wills played all Americans, non-Americans the regular season games and are also eligible for the the three tie-breaker games. honor. and British Open

On April 5-9, Arnold Palmer won his 3rd Masters championship in Augusta Laver is Second to Win Georgia. As fans went wild, he held up the trophy. Tennis’ Grand Slam On July 11-13, Arnold Palmer

won the 91st British Open, 6

Earlier this year, he won strokes ahead of runner up Kel the Australian Open, Nagle, setting a record for the French Open and British Open. Wimbledon. After a heartfelt speech at both This is the first Grand of these events. The whole

Slam win since Don Budge country seemed proud of him. accomplished the feat in By Mira Naughton-Herbach Fans all over the country find 1938. him very charming and sweet Earlier this year, the humble from his underrated days to the The last round against and beloved Arnold Palmer dominating days. Emerson, Laver served. won both the Masters Golf

Emerson breaks Laver’s Tournament and the British

By Griffin Tuthill serve, and Laver instantly Open. broke back to win the

On September 10, 24-year- tournament with a 6-4. old amateur Rod Laver competed in the U.S. Open With this Grand Slam win, who knows what the tennis tournament, finishing first against future will hold for Laver. fellow Australian, Roy Another Grand Slam win? Emerson with a final score Will Laver turn of 6-2, 6-4, 5-7, 6-4. This professional? With marks Laver’s fourth major another successful season championship win this under his belt, only time year. will tell.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Sports

Rodger Ward Wins Double Overtime Win Gives Dallas AFL Championship Second Indy 500

By Brian Avre the offense. On defense, Johnny Robinson and E.J. The Dallas Texans defeated Holub led Dallas. the Houston Oilers 20-17 in double overtime for the AFL For Houston, Frank “Pop” championship. The game was Ivy coached the elite offense played on December 23 at which featured the veteran

Jeppesen Stadium in quarterback George Blanda, Houston, Texas. Charlie Tolar, the fleet-footed By Albaro Cloud-Sanchez which led him to a rookie test The 37,981 people who Billy Cannon, Charlie in 1951 in the Indianapolis attended the game saw the Hennigan, and unheralded Rodger Ward wins the 500 which he passed. longest professional football Willard Dewveall. Indianapolis 500 a second game ever played as well as time. Ward grew up in Kansas. He became a racecar driver the longest professional Rookie kicker Tommy His father owned an auto and he kept doing the football championship game Brooker from the Dallas wrecking business. Indianapolis 500 for a while ever played. Astronaut Gus Texans calmly kicked the 25

but did not win. He joined the Grissom placed the ball on yard field goal to end the the opening kicking tee as an game in the second overtime. When he grew up he began to Leader Car Racers team in fly and he was a pilot in World 1959. That same year he honorary referee. Len Dawson, quarterback of War II. He enjoyed flying. joined he won his first After being discharged from Indianapolis 500. Dallas was coached by Hank the Texans, earned the Most Stram. The Texans were led Valuable Player award for his the army he began racing. Now he wins again. He led by Abner Haynes, outstanding efforts and He was not all that good but he the race at lap 126. Who quarterback Len Dawson, achievements he showed not got better over time. Then he knows what is coming for and rookie 230 pound All- only during the championship started racing in well-known Roger Ward life in the future. American running back from game, but for all that he had places. He won the AAA He is one of the best racers Kansas Curtis McClinton on done throughout the season.

Stock Car Championship, right now though.

Celtics Beat Lakers; Another Win

Take NBA Title for the Packers!

By Serena Boyle By Suldan Omar scored a Finals record 61 points in Game 5. Bill Russell Green Bay clinched their eighth championship in their 43rd

A good seven game series set the record for amount of season playing in the National Football League. The Green Bay between the Boston Celtics rebounds in a seven game team went to Yankee’s stadium where they defeated the New and the Los Angeles Lakers series with 189! Russell tied York Giants 16-7 on December 1962. ended with the Celtics his own record for rebounds in claiming the NBA Title. one game with 40 in game 7. The Packers started off the year with the upper hand by winning their first 10 games. The New York Giants were also having a The Celtics pulled it off in One thing that Lakers Guard good year by having only three losses. Game seven, winning 110- Frank Selvy cannot shake off is 107 in overtime. The Celtics missing an open jump shot In the first quarter Green Bay scored three points. By halftime, were led by Head Coach Red which could have won the Green Bay was sitting at 10 points and the Giants with a solid Auerbach. Lakers the game in the final zero. seconds of regulation. This also This series was so good and a had been four years in a row By third quarter, the Giants scored several points but were no couple records had been set. for Boston. match for the Packers. Once fourth quarter came around the Laker forward Elgin Baylor Packers scored another three points.

New York Yacht Club Wins America’s Cup

By Frank Savage Additionally this is only the The NYYC appeared to be in observed the first race. Many

second year in which 12 shock at the closeness of the other important figures The New York Yacht Club meter yachts were used. race and almost including Australian beat Great Britain and While the New York Yacht instantaneously created with Ambassador Sir Howard Australia maintaining the Club’s Weatherly claimed new rules regarding Beale and British

America's Cup on September victory for four of the five American design or Ambassador Sir David 15. This was the first race in races, The Royal Sydney technology use by Cup Ormsby-Gore met at the gala which Australia was Yacht Squadron’s Gretel challengers. dinner which was at Newport challenger thus marking the claimed victory in one in the spirit of competition. first time a country other than instance and came very close Being an avid sailor himself, Great Britain or Canada to winning another. President John F. Kennedy challenged for the Cup.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Obituaries

By Julio Gonzales-Mendez By Brian Avre Niels Bohr E.E. Cummings (October 7, 1885-November Mickey Cochrane, one of (October 14 1894-September Adolf Eichmann, a German 18, 1962) baseball’s greatest players 3 1962) SS officer was found in died on June 28, 1962 after a Buenos Aires, Argentina and long illness. He was 59 forced into the back seat of a years old. car then taken to a Mossad safe house. Mickey was born April 6,

1903 in Massachusetts. Eichmann was born in Before joining the Major Solingen, Germany on March League, he played baseball 19, 1906. He was one of five and other sports at Boston children in his family. University. He joined the Nazi Party He was a catcher for the between 1927 and 1933. He Philadelphia Athletics and made his way through the SS Detroit Tigers and was By Dinah Tedros and was appointed to lead the nicknamed “Black Mike” legal emigration of Jews out because of his strong American poet, painter, of Austria.

competitive nature. essayist, author, and By Bontu Hordofa playwright E. E. Cummings. After World War II official

Cochrane was considered passed away September 3. began, he started to work on Niels Bohn, noted Danish one of the best catchers in His was found dead in the deportation of the Jews, Physicist, who made baseball history and became Madison, New Hampshire. beginning in Poland. fundamental contribution to a member of the Baseball understanding atomic Hall of Fame in 1947. He has wrote approximately After the war, he was structure and quantum 2,900 poems, two captured by the Americans, theory, died November 18. On May 25, 1937, Mickey autobiographical novels, four but used forged papers to be He received the Nobel Prize Cochrane was hit in the head plays and several essays. He able to escape Germany and in physics for the by Bump Hadley, a New is remembered by his migrate to Argentina. contribution on the atomic York Yankee pitcher. At the eminent voice of 20th structure and quantum age of 34, Cochrane was Century English Literature. When they arrived at the safe theory. forced to retire from house, they stripped him

baseball. He was born Edward Estlin naked and blinded his eyes to He also was awarded a Cummings on Sunday check if he was carrying any Copley Medal, Max Planck After he retired, he chose to October 14 1894, in poison on his body or in his Medal, Order of the join the United States Navy Cambridge, Massachusetts. mouth. Elephant, Hughes Medal, and serve in World War II. He was born to Edward Franklin Medal, Matteucci Cummings and Rebecca Eichmann was put on trial in Medal, Atoms for Peace Haswell Clarke. Israel and found guilty for 15 Award, Sonning Prize, and charges, all relating to his Gold Medal of the Royal Arthur He went to Cambridge Latin involvement with the Danish Academy of Sciences Compton High School, graduating and Holocaust. He was sentenced and letters. He has played a (September 10, 1892-March attending Harvard University to death. On May 31, Adolf big role in Math and Science. 15, 1962) from 1911 to 1916. He Eichmann was hung in

received his B.A. degree in Ramla, Israel. Niels Henrik David Bohr was 1915 and his Master’s degree born in October 7, 1885, in in 1916. Copenhagen, Denmark. He William attended Copenhagen In 1917, while World War I Faulkner University, where he earned was still taking place in (September 25, 1897-June 6, his Master’s degree in Europe, Cummings enlisted Physics in 1909 and his 1962) in the Norton-Harjes Doctor’s degree in 1911. He Ambulance Corps. was married in 1912 to

Margrethe Norlund, in He married three times. He Copenhagen. They had six married Elaine Orr in 1924 sons. but their relationship ended

later in the same year. Then He has escaped to he was married to Anne for a couple of years during Minnerly Barton from 1929- the Nazi occupation of By John Nieto-Rivera 1932, and then Marion Denmark in World War II. Morehouse from 1934-1962. By Hani Muridi This was when he became Arthur Compton was an associated with the Atomic American physicist who won He had one daughter, Nancy Noble Prize winning author Energy Project. a Nobel Prize for physicist in Thayer Andrews. He passed William Faulkner died on 1927. He was a leader at the away at age 68 from a stroke June 6. He was 62. He made an experiment Manhattan Project's and is buried at Forest Hills where he “developed the Metallurgical Laboratory. Cemetery. He won the Noble Prize in Bohr model of the atom, in 1949 for "his powerful and which he proposed that He won the Nobel Prize for artistically unique energy levels of electrons are his discovery of the particle contribution to the modern discrete and that the electrons nature of electromagnetic Adolf Eichmann American novel." revolve in stable orbits radiation, which he (March 19, 1906-May 31, around the atomic nucleus discovered in 1923. This 1962) Faulkner’s most famous but can jump from one was a sensational discovery novels include The Sound energy level (or orbit) to at the time and it was named and the Fury (1929), As I another” for him, being called the Lay Dying (1930), Light in Compton Effect. August (1932), and Absalom, On November 18, 1962, Absalom! (1936). Bohr passed away due to He went to Washington congestive heart failure. University in St. Louis. He He died from a heart attack taught at the University of he got after he contracted Minnesota from 1916-17. thrombosis from a horse-

Mickey riding injury. Compton died in the age of

Cochrane 69, March 15, 1962 from a (April 6, 1903-June 28, cerebral hemorrhage. He is 1962) survived by a wife and sons.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Obituaries

Hermann Hesse Arthur Lovejoy Lucky Luciano Henri Oreiller (July 2, 1877-August 9, (October 10, 1873-December (November 24, 1897-Jan. 26, (December 5, 1925-October 1962) 30, 1962) 1962) 7, 1962)

By Yang Yang By Aisha Mohamed By John Nieto-Rivera

Arthur Lovejoy was an By Avery Segebarth Hermann Hesse, a German- Henri Oreiller was a American philosopher and born Swiss poet novelist and Competitive Ski racer and he intellectual historian best American Gangster Lucky painter, died August 9. He is won two gold medals and known for his work on the Luciano died of a heart well known for pieces like one bronze at the 1948 history of ideas and theory of attack while visiting Italy. Steppenwolf Siddhartha the Winter Olympics held in St. knowledge. His book, The Glass Bead game. Moritz, Switzerland. Great Chain of Being which Salvatore Lucania, known as

is regarded as the single most Lucky Luciano, was born on Hesse’s stories all explore an His Nickname was “Parisian influential work in the November 24th, 1897. He individual's search for self- of Val d'Isere or “Madman of history of ideas in the United was born in Lercara Friddi, knowledge spirituality and downhill.” States during the last half- Sicily to parents Antonio and authenticity. century. Rosalia Luciania. He was He retired skiing at the age of also a brother to Bartolomeo, He was born July 2, 1877, in 26 and moved to motor Lovejoy was born in Berlin, Giuseppe, Filippa, and Germany. As a child he was racing. Germany on October 10, Concetta. head strong and intelligent. 1873, the son of Wallace He spent most of his younger After ten years, he had an William Lovejoy, a Boston Lucky and his family life reading and exploring. accident while driving a medical student doing immigrated to the United Ferrari 250 GTO and going research in Germany, and his States in 1907 when he was His mother wrote in a letter 100 miles per hour. His tire wife, Sara Oncken Lovejoy. Nine-years-old. They went to to his father, "The little had a blowout and he flipped. The family moved to Boston New York on the lower east fellow has a life in him, an The accident was the cause in 1875, but Sara Lovejoy side of Manhattan. This area unbelievable strength, a of his death. committed suicide soon. is a popular one for Italian powerful will, and, for his Immigrants. four years of age, a truly He studied philosophy, first astonishing mind.” at the University of Lucky dropped out of school Auguste Piccard

California then at Harvard at age 14 and began (January 28, 1884-March 24, He went on to win the Nobel under William James and delivering hats. After playing 1962) peace prize for literature in Josiah Royce. a dice game and earning 1946. money, Lucky turned to the streets. In 1901, he resigned from his first job, at Stanford Lucky was a member of the Ernie Kovacs University, to protest the (January 23, 1919-January dismissal of a colleague who Five Points Gang and started his own gang which instead 12, 1962) had offended a trustee. The President of Harvard vetoed of crime, offered protection hiring Lovejoy because he for Jewish kids from Italian was a known troublemaker. gangs.

He taught at Washington He also began learning the University, Columbia pimping trade around the University, and the years of World War I. University of Missouri. Between 1916-1936, Lucky was arrested 25 times. The By Ingrid Cabezas-Arevalo

He joined the faculty at charges included assault, illegal gambling, blackmail, Famed physicist Auguste Johns Hopkins University in 1910 and, at the time of his and robbery, but he never Piccard died on March 24of a spent time in prison. death, was a professor heart attack at his home in emeritus of philosophy. Lausanne Switzerland. He On January 26, 1962, Lucky was 78. He founded the Journal of died of a heart attack at the the History of Ideas after his Naples International Airport. Auguste Piccard and his twin

retirement in 1938, and co- He was there meeting brother Jean Piccard were American producer, Martin By Suldan Omar founded the American born in Switzerland on Gosch about a film Association of University January 28, 1884. Showing portraying his life. Ernest Edward Kovacs was Professors. interest in science as a child an American comedian, actor he attended the Swiss Federal Lucky was unaware that and writer. Born in Trenton, During World War II, he Institute of Technology in Italian drug agents had New Jersey, he, died at the served as an administrator, Zurich. followed to arrest him on age of 42 in Los Angeles. editor, and writer for the drug smuggling charges. Historical Service Board of He became a professor of Three days later many people He was married twice and the American Historical physics in Brussels at Free arrived at the funeral service had three children. Association, and for the University of Brussels in and with the U.S. Universities Commission on 1922 the same year his son Government permission, he Kovacs did have a different Post-War International Jacques Piccard was born. was taken back to New York behavior than others, having Problems. to be buried at St. John’s his pet marmosets wrestling a In 1930 showing interest in Cemetery in Queens. jaguar on a Philadelphia He was a member of the ballooning and the television show. American Committee for atmosphere he designed an Cultural Freedom, set up to aluminum gondola that Kovacs also won a couple counter the threat of would reach great altitude Emmy best performances communism. without requiring a pressured awards. suit. He published numerous

He did not like eating by opinion pieces in the himself while his wife is not Baltimore press. He died in around so he hired a taxi to Baltimore on December 30, bring her food every morning 1962 at the age of 89. He while he eats so he would not never married. have felt alone.

Historical News Rock 1962 Year-IN-Review: Obituaries

On May 27, 1931, Piccard When Franklin was elected Her broadcasts were more and Paul Kipfer took off Eleanor President in 1933, Eleanor meaningful and supportive to from Augsburg, Germany Roosevelt was an active first lady. She the Dutch people than she and reached a record altitude (October 11, 1884-November advocated for women, first thought they would be. of 15,781 meters. During his 7, 1962) workers, the poor, the young, She became the symbol of flight, Piccard was able to and African Americans’ civil the perseverance and gather data on the upper rights. resistance during the war. atmosphere and cosmic rays. After Franklin died of stroke, After years as the Queen of

In August, 1932, Piccard and she stayed an active political the Netherlands, she Max Cosyns made a second figure and hosted radio abdicated on September 4, record-breaking launch to shows, T.V shows, gave 1948 because of age and 16,201 meters. lectures and wrote 27 books. illnesses. During her last years she travelled through He made a total of 27 balloon Eleanor Roosevelt died on the country, especially after flights setting a final record November 7, 1962 at the age the devastation caused by the of 23,000 meters in the mid- of 78 in her Manhattan home. 1953 North Sea Flood. 1930s. She died of aplastic anemia, tuberculosis and heart failure. Piccard’s interest shifted By Alexa Carrera-Turcios She was buried next to her when he realized a husband’s grave. Ouyang Yugian (May 12, 1889-September modification of his high “Women are like teabags. altitude balloon cockpit You don’t know how strong 21, 1962) would allow him to drop into they are until you put them in Wilhemina the deep ocean. hot water” - Eleanor (August 31, 1880-November Roosevelt 28, 1962) Construction began but was Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, the interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. He wife of Franklin D. Roosevelt and the niece of completed the bubble after the end of WWII. Theodore Roosevelt, died on November 7. She was born Piccard returned to teaching. on October 11, 1884, in New York City.

Though Eleanor came from a Candido wealthy family, she Portinari experienced a difficult childhood. When Eleanor (December 29, 1903- February 6, 1962) was eight-years-old, her mother, Anna Hall, died of diphtheria and two years By Anwar Sahal later, her father, Elliott

Roosevelt, died of Chinese playwright Ouyang alcoholism. By Caroline Seybold Yuqian died of illness in

Beijing. He was also gained After the tragic death of her On November 28, 1962, international fame as an parents, Eleanor and her two Wilhelmina Helena Paulina opera actor, film siblings moved in with her Maria, Queen of the screenwriter, director and grandmother. She was Netherlands, passed away at drama educator. educated with private lessons the age of 82 in Het Loo

until she turned 15 and was Palace. He was the founding sent to a boarding school, president of the Central Allenswood Academy in Queen Wilhelmina was born Academy of Drama in 1950. By Ayantu Hundessa London. There, she learned on August 31, 1880, in The He served as the president from the school’s Hague, Netherlands as the until his death. Candido Portinari, a well headmistress, to be a leader daughter of King William III know Brazilian painter died and an independent woman. and his second wife, Emma He was vice chairman of the in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on of Waldeck and Pyrmont. China Federation of Literary February 6 at age 58 due to When she turned 18, she and Art Circles, the Chinese lead poisoning from his went back to New York, Her father William passed Dramatists Association and paints. where she became politically away in 1890 and the 10-year even Chinese Dancers involved in society’s issues old Wilhelmina became Association. Portinari painted more than and promoted good working Queen of the Netherlands

5000 canvases. The first time conditions along with other with her mother as a regent. He had been a very good and his canvases were viewed things. successful man throughout was at the Museum of In 1898 she was enthroned his life. Modern Art. His paintings In 1902, at the age of 18, and in 1901 she married were also exhibited at The Eleanor met her father’s fifth Duke Henry of He is survived by his wife, New York World Fair. cousin, Franklin Roosevelt. Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Liu Yunqiu, his daughter, Franklin’s mother was not After eight years of childless Outang Jingru and an The main purpose of his very supportive of their marriage, she gave birth to adopted son, Outang paintings are to represent the relationship and attempted to Juliana Louise Emma Marie Shanzun. Brazilian people and their break it by sending Franklin Wilhelmina on April 30th, traits. on a trip to Europe. It did not 1909, a great relief after

work. They married on several miscarriages. It includes paintings showing March 17, 1905 and had six rural and urban labor, and children, five of them who Queen Wilhelmina will refugees fleeing Brazil's rural survived adulthood. mainly be remembered for areas. He also painted images her proclamation on May 10, of childhood, portraits of As Franklin began his 1940 to her nation of members of his family and political career, Eleanor “flaming protest” to promote leading Brazilian raised her children and the Dutch Resistance. Two intellectuals. started to volunteer at days later she left for hospitals during WWI. She England with her royal His most notable works are was part of the League of family to be safe, but stayed O Mulato, Café, Meninos de Women Voters. close with her nation. Brodowski, Guerra e Paz.

Guerra e Paz was a gift to In 1921, when Franklin was During the Nazi occupation, United Nation Headquarters. Wilhelmina delivered 48 diagnosed with polio, leaving him paralyzed from the waist speeches that were known as down, Eleanor encouraged “Radio Orange” where she him to keep going with his talked about pride and kept political career. the spirit up.