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The Western Journal of Black Studies Journal of Black Studies Western The The Western Journal of Black Studies Nonprofit Organization 314 Cleveland Hall U.S. Postage Volume 39, Number 4 ~ Winter 2015 Washington State University PAID Pullman, WA Pullman, Washington 99164-2103 USA Permit No. 1 The Western Journal of Black Studies Special Issue: "No Justice, No Peace": Social Unrest in Ferguson Guest Editors' Introduction - "No Justice, No Peace": Social Cassandra Chaney 267 Unrest in Ferguson Dannielle Joy Davis Justice: A Seven Year Old St. Louisian Speaks Bryce Davis Bohon 272 V olume 39 • Number 4 • 2015 • 4 Number • 39 olume Ferguson, USA: A Scholar's Unforseen Connection and Stefan Bradley 273 Collision with History Jonathan Pulphus Joshua Jones State v Wilson: An Analysis of Legal Process and Problems M. Dyan McGuire 280 Through a Different Lens: Use of an Existential Framework to Ashley Parker 291 Understand Divergent Interpretations of Race- Releted Events Matthew J. Taylor Crisis Management: An Assesment of College and University Tommy Lucas 299 President Communications in Relation to the Darren Wilson Whitney Linsenmeyer Grand Jury Decision Kate O' Brien Institutional Racism: Perspectives on the Department of Cassandra Chaney 312 Justice's Investigation of the Ferguson Police Department For Ferguson and Nation: Justice and Education via Anti- Bias Dannielle Joy Davis 331 Reform Book Reviews When the Devil Knocks: The Congo Tradition in Twentieth- Armond R. Towns 334 Century Panama A Child Shall Lead Them: Martin Luther King Jr., Young People, Michael D. Royster 336 WJBS and the Movement Visit The Western Journal of Black Studies Website: http://www.wjbs.wsu.edu THE WESTERN JOURNAL THE WESTERN JOURNAL OF BLACK STUDIES OF BLACK STUDIES Since 1977, The Western Journal of Black Studies (WJBS) has been a leading interdisciplinary journal that is devoted to publishing scholarly articles, from a wide range of disciplines, that focus mainly on the experience of African Americans in the United States of America. The journal publishes articles that, as its name implies, report original investigations and contribute new knowledge and understanding to the EDITOR IN CHIEF: ISSN 0197-4327 field of Black/African American studies. Theoretical articles and works concerning the African Diaspora are welcome if whenever possible Paula Groves Price they include data research and implications for applicability. All manuscripts are selected by blind peer review. Washington State University MANAGING EDITOR: INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS companied by a Copyright Transfer Agreement signed Emmanuel O. Jaiyeola by all authors. Washington State University Please observe the following guidelines when submit- ting articles to WJBS: •Authors of accepted manuscripts will receive notifi- EDITORIAL BOARD: •Format of the manuscript must adhere to the conven- cation of acceptance and instructions for publication Rudolph Alexander, Jr. Ohio State University tion of style described in the Publication Manual of the (e.g., revisions needed before publication, camera ready Erma Lawson Lisa Aubrey American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Please use figures, etc.). University of North Texas Arizona State University Margaret C. Lee references, not footnotes or endnotes. Sandra Barnes •Manuscripts that do not follow these guidelines will University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Vanderbilt University •Include a separate title page that lists all authors, depart- be returned to the author for correction prior to review. David J. Leonard Juan Battle Washington State University mental affiliations and a mailing address for correspon- City University of New York Correspondence concerning manuscripts, subscriptions, Dwayne Mack dence. Because of the blind review process, the only place Elias K. Bongmba Berea College reprints and editorial policies should be addressed to: Rice University the author’s name may appear is on a separate title page. Wilson J. Moses Harold O. Braithwaithe, Jr. Pennsylvania State University Morehouse College •Manuscripts should be approximately 15 to 30 pages Peter Ogom Nwosu Daphne Brooks (including references) and must contain an abstract of Paula Groves Price, Editor-in-Chief California State University – Northridge Princeton University The Western Journal of Black Studies Paul Pitre approximately 120 words. Rufus Burrow Washington State University Washington State University Christian Theological Seminary Cornelius B. Pratt •Submit manuscripts via email to [email protected] 314 Cleveland Hall James L. Conyers, Jr. Temple University University of Houston •Double space all lines including block quotations, notes Pullman, Washington 99164-2103 Kevin Everod Quashie Hermon George, Jr. 509-335-8681 Smith College and figure captions and leave at least a 1-inch top/bottom, University of Northern Colorado Joseph W. Scott left/right margin. 509-335-6959 (Fax) Darlene Grant University of Washington University of Texas-Austin [email protected] Earl Smith •Submit a cover letter that requests review of the manu- J. Eugene Grigsby, III http://www.wjbs.wsu.edu Colgate University script. This cover letter should adhere to the guidelines University of California, Los Angeles Dorothy Smith-Ruiz Perry Hall found in the Publication Manual of the American Psy- University of North Carolina-Charlotte University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill chological Association (6 th ed.). In addition, include a Robert Staples Jennifer F. Hamer University of California-San Francisco statement that the manuscript is not under consideration University of Kansas Michael Tidwell elsewhere nor has it been published in whole or in part Robert L. Harris Bloomsburg University SUBSCRIPTIONS Cornell University in another joumal. Joao H. Costa Vargas For subscription rates visit http://www.wjbs.wsu.edu William M. Harris University of Texas-Austin Augusta State University •It is the author’s responsibility to secure permission to or call 509-335-8681. Deborah Gray White Melissa Harris-Perry reproduce quoted text, tables or figures from a copyrighted Rutgers University Wake Forest University Vernon J. Williams, Jr. source. If it is required, you must obtain written permis- Clenora Hudson-Weems sion and enclose a copy with your manuscript submission. University of Missouri-Columbia Indiana University Sarah S. Willie Maulana Karenga •Final version of the accepted manuscript must be ac- California State University- Long Beach Swarthmore College Judson L. Jeffries George Yancy The Ohio University Emory University FOUNDING EDITOR: Talmadge Anderson Articles appearing in The Western Journal of Black Studies are abstracted, listed or indexed in the Educational Resources ©2015 by the Board of Regents, Washington State University, Information Center (ERIC), Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE), Standard Periodical Directory (SPD), American Pullman, Washington 99164. All Rights Reserved. Humanities Index and the Information Access Company (IAC). Introduction: “No Justice, No Peace”: Social Unrest in Ferguson CASSANDRA CHANEY- LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY DANNIELLE JOY DAVIS- SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY Photo by Cassandra Chaney Dr. Cassandra Chaney is an Associate Professor Dr. Dannielle Joy Davis is an Associate Professor of Higher in Child and Family Studies at Louisiana State Education at Saint Louis University. She has studied and University. She has published a multitude of sole, conducted research in Ghana, South Africa, Senegal, Egypt, first-authored, and collaborative manuscripts Germany, the Netherlands, and Belgium. Dr. Dannielle has in a variety of journals. Dr. Chaney recently published over 40 refereed journal articles, book chapters, published the co-edited the book Black Women in academic commentaries, volumes, and reviews. Leadership: Their Historical and Contemporary Contributions with Dr. Dannielle Joy Davis. The Western Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2015 267 Ferguson, a city in St. Louis County Missouri, was individuals were often denied their due-process rights incorporated in 1894. Its nickname is “Community in the local jail system. In essence, the city’s depen- of Choice” and its motto is “Proud Past. Promising dence on fines for minor offenses was merely done to Future!” Sadly, the tragic death of an unarmed Black fill municipal coffers (The United States Department of man and the national attention given to this death has Justice, 2015). In order “to rebuild trust and foster mu- resulted in the word Ferguson being synonymous with tual understanding in Ferguson and in all communities police misconduct, violence, and social unrest. where suspicion has been allowed to fester,” the United States Department of Justice reserved “all its rights On August 9, 2014, Michael Brown, an 18-year old and abilities to force compliance and implement basic Black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, a white change” within the Ferguson Police Department and policeman with the Ferguson Police Department. The the Ferguson Municipal Court (2015). Essentially, the incident sparked protests and acts of vandalism in Fer- DOJ report revealed police brutality and mistreatment guson, as well as widespread calls for an investigation to be the routine reality for Black residents in Ferguson into the incident. After a day of vigils, the looting of and that immediate government action was needed to businesses, vandalizing of vehicles, as well as protes- rebuild community trust that had been so badly eroded. tors’ violent clash with policemen occurred. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (F.B.I.) opened a civil
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