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Encyclopedia of Race and Racism, Vol1 – 2nd/ 9/17/2007 22:13 Page 23 List of Contributors Richard J. Abanes Department of Religion and Ralph Armbruster-Sandoval Journalist Philosophy Assistant Professor Religious Information Center Northland College Department of Chicana and Chicano Irvine, California BURAKUMIN Studies CHRISTIAN IDENTITY University of California, Santa Garland E. Allen Barbara Russell L. Adams Professor LATINO SOCIAL MOVEMENTS Professor Emeritus Department of Biology Department of Afro-American Washington University (St. Louis, Joshua Aronson Studies Missouri) Professor Howard University GENETICS, HISTORY OF Department of Applied Psychology SLAVE TRADE IDEOLOGY Kevin S. Amidon New York University STEREOTYPE THREAT AND RACIAL Delia D. Aguilar Assistant Professor of German Studies STIGMA Adjunct Professor Iowa State University Women’s Studies Program CHAMBERLAIN, HOUSTON STEWART John Asimakopoulos University of Connecticut Professor ASIAN-AMERICAN FEMINISM Julius Amin Professor and Chair Department of Social Sciences J. Keith Akins Department of History Bronx Community College, City Assistant Professor The University of Dayton University of New York TRANSNATIONAL LABOR Department of Criminal Justice GARNET, HENRY HIGHLAND New Mexico State University ORGANIZING DUKE, DAVID Keith Aoki Dustin Avent-Holt ENGLISH SKINHEADS Professor KU KLUX KLAN School of Law University of Massachusetts University of California at Davis PAY EQUITY Gerardo V. Aldana ALIEN LAND LAWS Associate Professor Ronald Bailey Department of Chicana and Chicano Bettina Aptheker Professor Studies Professor Department of African-American University of California, Santa Department of Feminist Studies Studies Barbara University of California, Santa Cruz Northeastern Illinois University VIOLENCE AGAINST INDIGENOUS DAVIS, ANGELA RACIAL SLAVE LABOR IN THE PEOPLE, LATIN AMERICA AMERICAS Shelley Arlen Leslie D. Alldritt University of Florida Lee D. Baker Associate Professor LANGUAGE, INCENDIARY Associate Professor XXIII Encyclopedia of Race and Racism, Vol1 – 2nd/ 9/17/2007 22:13 Page 24 CONTRIBUTORS Department of Cultural University of California, Santa MANDELA, NELSON Antrhropology Barbara SOUTH AFRICAN RACIAL Duke University TRIRACIAL ISOLATES FORMATIONS ANTHROPOLOGY, HISTORY OF Brad M. Biglow Rose M. Brewer Lawrie Balfour Visiting Assistant Professor of Professor and Morse Alumni University of Virginia Anthropology Distinguished Teaching Professor DU BOIS, W. E. B. University of North Florida University of Minnesota INDIGENISMO IN MEXICO BLACK FEMINISM IN THE UNITED Elazar Barkan STATES Professor of International and Public Bob Blauner Affairs Professor Roy L. Brooks Columbia University Department of Sociology Warren Distinguished Professor of GENOCIDE University of California, Berkeley Law UNESCO STATEMENTS ON RACE COLONIALISM, INTERNAL University of San Diego JAPANESE AMERICAN REDRESS Susan M. Barnett Barry Bogin MOVEMENT Wolfson College Reader REPARATIONS FOR RACIAL Cambridge University Department of Human Sciences ATROCITIES IQ AND TESTING: CRITIQUES Loughborough University ANTHROPOMETRY B. Ricardo Brown Juan Battle Associate Professor of Cultural Eduardo Bonilla-Silva Professor Studies Department of Sociology Professor Department of Social Science and Hunter College and The Graduate Sociology Department Cultural Studies Center, City University of New York Duke University Pratt Institute COLOR-BLIND RACISM NOTT, JOSIAH GAY MEN Denise Ileana Bossy W. Fitzhugh Brundage Mia Bay Assistant Professor Professor Associate Professor Department of History Department of History Department of History University of North Florida University of North Carolina at Rutgers, The State University of New INDIAN SLAVERY Chapel Hill Jersey WASHINGTON, BOOKER T. ANTEBELLUM BLACK ETHNOLOGY C. Loring Brace Professor of Anthropology and Pem Davidson Buck Heidi L. Beirich Curator of Biological Anthropology Professor of Anthropology Deputy Director Museum of Anthropology, Division of Social and Behavioral Intelligence Project University of Michigan Sciences Southern Poverty Law Center CLINES Elizabethtown Community and INTELLIGENCE PROJECT CLUSTERS Technical College NATIONAL ALLIANCE FACIAL ANGLE RURAL WHITE STEREOTYPING SOUTHERN POVERTY LAW CENTER RACIAL HIERARCHY: RACES RANKED Michelle J. Budig David H. Bennett BY EARLY SCIENTISTS RACIAL HIERARCHY: DISPROVEN Associate Professor Professor Department of Sociology Department of History Glenn E. Bracey II University of Massachusetts Maxwell School, Syracuse University Texas A&M University PAY EQUITY NATIVISM HOAXING Louise Cainkar Amos J. Beyan Bryan McKinley Jones Brayboy Assistant Professor Professor Borderlands Associate Professor Department of Social and Cultural Department of History Educational Leadership and Policy Sciences Western Michigan University Studies Marquette University AMERICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY Arizona State University ARABS AND ARAB AMERICANS AND THE FOUNDING OF LIBERIA EDUCATION, DISCRIMINATION IN CUFFE, PAUL HIGHER John O. Calmore DEW, THOMAS RODERICK Professor John D. Brewer School of Law Christopher Bickel Professor University of North Carolina at Associate Instructor Department of Sociology Chapel Hill Department of Sociology University of Aberdeen VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965 XXIV ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RACE AND RACISM Encyclopedia of Race and Racism, Vol1 – 2nd/ 9/17/2007 22:13 Page 25 CONTRIBUTORS Gregory R. Campbell Josef Castan˜eda-Liles Johnna Christian Professor Department of Sociology Assistant Professor Department of Anthropology University of California, Santa School of Criminal Justice University of Montana Barbara Rutgers, The State University of BLOOD QUANTUM MULTIRACIAL IDENTITIES New Jersey SUBSTANCE ABUSE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Ingrid E. Castro Mariana P. Candido Assistant Professor Mark Christian Assistant Professor Department of Sociology Associate Professor Department of History Northeastern Illinois University Department of Sociology and Black University of Wisconsin-La Crosse IMPLICIT RACISM World Studies RACIAL DEMOGRAPHICS IN THE Miami University (Ohio) A. Scott Catey WESTERN HEMISPHERE UNITED KINGDOM RACIAL SLAVERY AND RACE Department of Anthropology and FORMATIONS Levin College of Law Nergis Canefe University of Florida Michelle Christian Associate Professor RESERVATION SYSTEM Duke University Department of Political Science COLOR-BLIND RACISM York University (Canada) Jorge Chapa FOURTH WORLD Professor of Sociology Peter Chua Director, Center for Democracy in a Assistant Professor Christina M. Capodilupo Multiracial Society Department of Sociology Department of Clinical and University of Illinois at Urbana- San Jose State University Counseling Psychology Champaign CULTURAL RACISM Teachers College, Columbia LATINOS University Colin Clark James C. Chatters MENTAL HEALTH AND RACISM Senior Lecturer Founder Department of Geography and Devon W. Carbado Applied Paleoscience Sociology Professor KENNEWICK MAN University of Strathclyde School of Law ROMA University of California, Los Angeles Ernesto Cha´vez RUSTIN, BAYARD Associate Professor Todd Clear Department of History Distinguished Professor of Criminal Allison Carter University of Texas at El Paso Justice Professor CHICANO MOVEMENT John Jay College of Criminal Justice Department of Sociology Rowan University Leo Chavez City University of New York CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM TOURISM AND NATIONAL HERITAGE Professor (U.S.) Department of Anthropology Mark Nathan Cohen University of California, Irvine University Distinguished Professor Rachel Caspari LATINA GENDER, REPRODUCTION, of Anthropology Associate Professor of Anthropology, AND RACE Department of Sociology, State University of New York, Anthropology, and Social Work Lisa Chavez Plattsburgh Central Michigan University Department of Women’s Studies IQ AND TESTING: CULTURE, ‘‘OUT OF AFRICA’’ HYPOTHESIS San Diego State University EDUCATION, AND IQ SCORES LESBIANS MONTAGU, ASHLEY Raphael Cassimere Jr. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA Seraphia D. Leyda Professor Erwin Chemerinsky Department of History Alston and Bird Professor of Law and Kevin O. Cokley University of New Orleans Political Science, School of Law Associate Professor of Counseling NIAGARA MOVEMENT Duke University Psychology and Black Studies AFFIRMATIVE ACTION University of Missouri Angelina E. Castagno INTERNALIZED RACIALISM Assistant Professor Erica Chito Childs Educational Leadership and Assistant Professor James E. Crisp Foundations Department of Sociology Associate Professor Northern Arizona University Hunter College, City University of Department of History EDUCATION, DISCRIMINATION IN New York North Carolina State University HIGHER BLACK-WHITE INTERMARRIAGE ALAMO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RACE AND RACISM XXV Encyclopedia of Race and Racism, Vol1 – 2nd/ 9/17/2007 22:13 Page 26 CONTRIBUTORS Yacine Daddi Addoun Vanaja Dhruvarajan NATIVE AMERICAN GRAVES History Department Adjunct Professor PROTECTION AND REPATRIATION York University (Canada) Sociology and Women’s Studies ACT (NAGPRA) SLAVERY AND RACE Carleton University (Canada) Douglas R. Egerton FORCED STERILIZATION G. Reginald Daniel Professor Associate Professor Heather A. Diamond Department of History Department of Sociology Lecturer Le Moyne College University of California, Santa Department of American Studies ALLEN, RICHARD Barbara University of Hawai’i at Ma¯noa VESEY, DENMARK ORIENTALISM MULTIRACIAL IDENTITIES Clyde Ellis TRIRACIAL ISOLATES Gail Dines Professor Brianne A. Davila Professor Department of History and Department of Sociology Department of American Studies Geography University

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