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The Curious Paternity of Abraham Lincoln
GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS Judge for yourself: does that famous jawline reveal Lincoln’s true paternity? Spring 2008 olloquyVolume 9 • Number 1 CT HE U NIVERSI T Y OF T ENNESSEE L IBRARIES The Curious Paternity of Abraham Lincoln Great Smoky Mountains Colloquy WAS HE A SMOKY MOUNTAIN BOY? is a newsletter published by umors have persisted since the late 19th century that Abraham Lincoln The University of Tennessee was not the son of Thomas Lincoln but was actually the illegitimate Libraries. Rson of a Smoky Mountain man, Abram Enloe. The story of Lincoln’s Co-editors: paternity was first related in 1893 article in theCharlotte Observer by a writer Anne Bridges who called himself a “Student of History.” The myth Ken Wise was later perpetuated by several other Western North Carolina writers, most notably James H. Cathey in a Correspondence and book entitled Truth Is Stranger than Fiction: True Genesis change of address: GSM Colloquy of a Wonderful Man published first in 1899. Here is the 152D John C. Hodges Library story as it was told by Cathey and “Student of History.” The University of Tennessee Around 1800, Abram Enloe, a resident of Rutherford Knoxville, TN 37996-1000 County, N. C., brought into his household an orphan, 865/974-2359 Nancy Hanks, to be a family servant. She was about ten 865/974-9242 (fax) or twelve years old at the time. When Nancy was about Email: [email protected] eighteen or twenty, the family moved to Swain County, Web: www.lib.utk.edu/smokies/ settling in Oconoluftee at the edge of the Smokies. -
PRAIRIE PAGES February 12, 2009
PRAIRIE PAGES February 12, 2009 Lincoln delivers his farewell address in Springfield, Illinois, as he departs for Washington, D.C. to begin his presidency. Volume 8 Number 1 Lincoln Bicentennial Issue: Lincoln’s Years in Illinois 1830-1860 By Pete Harbison GLOSSARY A BOY’S HARD LIFE The 100-mile trip by wagon stepmother, supported her after took two and a half weeks. Thomas Lincoln died, and Abraham Lincoln was born on Thomas Lincoln purchased called her “Mother” for the milk sickness–a disease February 12, 1809, in 160 acres near Little Pigeon rest of his life. causing weakness, Hodgenville, Kentucky, to Creek where he farmed for the v o m i t i n g , a n d Thomas Lincoln and Nancy next 14 years. While growing up in constipation; caused by Hanks. Abraham had an older Indiana, Abraham, like most eating dairy products sister, born in 1806, and a As an adult, Abraham children and teenagers of the (milk) or meat from younger brother, born in 1812, Lincoln claimed the Indiana time, worked very hard. cattle poisoned by who died in infancy. farm as the place where he Because he was tall and very certain plants “grew up.” It was also the strong, the young Lincoln soon Thomas Lincoln farmed place where his mother died in was doing the work of an widow–a woman frontier land for a living, as did 1818 from “milk sickness.” adult. Much of that work was whose husband has most settlers in Kentucky at The next year, Thomas Lincoln chopping down trees to clear died (a man whose that time, but by 1816, Thomas married Sarah Bush Johnston, the woods for fields and then wife has died is called Lincoln had lost three farms a widow with three children. -
Abraham Lincoln, Kentucky African Americans and the Constitution
Abraham Lincoln, Kentucky African Americans and the Constitution Kentucky African American Heritage Commission Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Collection of Essays Abraham Lincoln, Kentucky African Americans and the Constitution Kentucky African American Heritage Commission Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Collection of Essays Kentucky Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission Kentucky Heritage Council © Essays compiled by Alicestyne Turley, Director Underground Railroad Research Institute University of Louisville, Department of Pan African Studies for the Kentucky African American Heritage Commission, Frankfort, KY February 2010 Series Sponsors: Kentucky African American Heritage Commission Kentucky Historical Society Kentucky Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission Kentucky Heritage Council Underground Railroad Research Institute Kentucky State Parks Centre College Georgetown College Lincoln Memorial University University of Louisville Department of Pan African Studies Kentucky Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission The Kentucky Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission (KALBC) was established by executive order in 2004 to organize and coordinate the state's commemorative activities in celebration of the 200th anniversary of the birth of President Abraham Lincoln. Its mission is to ensure that Lincoln's Kentucky story is an essential part of the national celebration, emphasizing Kentucky's contribution to his thoughts and ideals. The Commission also serves as coordinator of statewide efforts to convey Lincoln's Kentucky story and his legacy of freedom, democracy, and equal opportunity for all. Kentucky African American Heritage Commission [Enabling legislation KRS. 171.800] It is the mission of the Kentucky African American Heritage Commission to identify and promote awareness of significant African American history and influence upon the history and culture of Kentucky and to support and encourage the preservation of Kentucky African American heritage and historic sites. -
Abraham Lincolm Was Born On
Abraham Lincoln and Marshall, IL By Brian Burger, Andy Sweitzer, David Tingley Abraham Lincoln was born on Feb. 12, 1809 in Hodgenville, Kentucky. Abraham's parents were Nancy Hanks and Thomas Lincoln. At the age of two he was taken by his parents to nearby Knob Creek and at eight to Spencer County, Indiana. The following year his mother died. In 1819, his father married Sarah Bush Johnston. In 1831, after moving with his family to Macon County, Illinois, he struck out on his own, taking cargo on a flatboat to New Orleans, Louisiana. He then returned to Illinois and settled in New Salem where he split rails and clerked in a store. In 1833, he was appointed postmaster but had to supplement his income with surveying and various other jobs. At the same time he began to study law. In 1832, Lincoln ran for state legislature. He was defeated, but he won two years later and served in the Lower House from 1834 to 1841. He quickly emerged as a leader of the Whig Party and was involved in the moving of the capital to Springfield. In 1836, Lincoln was admitted to the bar. He then entered successful partnerships with John T. Stuart, Stephen T. Logan, and William Herndon. Based on this success, Lincoln soon won recognition as an effective and resourceful attorney. Even though Lincoln was born in Kentucky, a slave state, he had long opposed slavery. In the state legislature, he had voted against the "peculiar institution" and in 1837 was one of only two members to protest it. -
CUMULATIVE Bffiliography, 1949
L~N COLN LORE Bulletin of the Lincoln National Lifo Foundation --- • • • Dr. Louia A. Warren Editor Published each week by The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company, Fort Wayne, indiana Number 1072 FORT WAYNE, INDIANA October 24, 1949 CUMULATIVE BffiLIOGRAPHY, 1949 Stlec:tlon• apprond b7 tbe DlbUocraphy Comm.htt.e of the L[nc:.ln WHEARE, K. C. 1949·38 N•tlonal Life Fou:ndatioll. AdvltorT Group: Roy P. Ba•lu, Sprinl" tldd. Ul.: J, \V, Dolll:n..-u, Davenport, Ia.: R. Gerald MeMart17, Abraham Lincoln/and the/United States/by/K. C. llarrotrate, Tenn.: P. R...,. Riadon, Traname:rlca Biela'., Lo• Auseln, Wheare/New York/The Macmillan Company /1949. c.ur.; Wm, H. TownMnd, Lulna1on, l'y, Book. cloth, 4~ x 1, xiv p,, 28$ pp., fr., Price U.OO. Tea.cb Your~ Nf'W Llntoln Item• ani1Ab1t tor tOQlduatlon by the Committee .elf llist.or:v IJlnaq, PrintOO in Grut 8rltain. ma.t k ttnt to the above addN!IIM• or to tht Lintoln National Life Foa.ndatlon. JONES, EDGAR DeWITT 1949-39 Abraham Lincoln/ Apostle of Brotherhood/by Edgar CONKLE. E. P. 1949-30 DeWitt Jones/(Cover title). A China-Handled/Knife/ A One-Act Play About/ Young Folder. l)fl.l)(lr, e X SY.a. (6} pp. Abe Lincoln/ by E. P. Conkle/(Device)/Samuel French/ 25 West 45th St. New York 19/7628 Sunset Blvd. LE SUEUR, MERIDEL 1949-40 Hollywood 46/London Toronto. Nancy Hanks/of Wilderness Road/ A Story of A bra· l'tunphfet, fteodble bo&rd11, 1l}o8 X 6, ft pp. -
Lincoln's New Salem, Reconstructed
Lincoln’s New Salem, Reconstructed MARK B. POHLAD “Not a building, scarcely a stone” In his classic Lincoln’s New Salem (1934), Benjamin P. Thomas observed bluntly, “By 1840 New Salem had ceased to exist.”1 A century later, however, a restored New Salem was—after the Lincoln Memorial, in Washington, D.C.—the most visited Lincoln site in the world. How this transformation occurred is a fascinating story, one that should be retold, especially now, when action must be taken to rescue the present New Salem from a grave decline. Even apart from its connection to Abraham Lincoln, New Salem is like no other reconstructed pioneer village that exists today. Years before the present restoration occurred, planners aimed for a unique destination. A 1920s state-of- Illinois brochure claimed that once the twenty- five original structures were rebuilt on their original founda- tions, it would be “the only known city in the world that has ever been restored in its entirety.”2 In truth, it is today the world’s largest log- house village reconstructed on its original site and on its build- ings’ original foundations. It is still startling nearly two hundred years later that a town of more than a hundred souls—about the same number as lived in Chicago at that time—existed for only a decade. But such was the velocity of development in the American West. “Petersburg . took the wind out of its sails,” a newspaperman quipped in 1884, because a new county seat and post office had been established there; Lincoln himself had surveyed it.3 Now the very buildings of his New Salem friends and 1. -
Was Thomas Lincoln Photographed?
Oull('tin or The Linrol.n N••lonal Life Found allon , • • Dr. R. Cvald ~td\lurtry, £ditor l"ubli,.hcd neh month. by The Lin<qln N•tio nal l.ife ln-"'uranee Con,p.any, Fort Warne, lndl• l'l• Number 1577 FORT WAYNE, INDIANA J uly, 1969 Was T homas Lincoln Photograph ed? Edltor'a Note: Tht' eontrovC"r3)' O\'Cr wh~ther or not. 1"homu lin~ln erty of Mrs. F. J . Schafer of Franklin, Indiana. lt was wu <''"rr r1hblO$:-raPh(!d atill remain• unrNOived. In alm~t. every J>ie toriaJ "'"Ork About t.he Slxtt"ent.b Pre.ldt'nl the eo--enll~ photOitl"fiPh o( originally owned by her father, Lieutenant 0. V. Flora, Thomas Lincoln It Included with the QUftlifyin~t J!tftt('nu:onl lhtlt it i.JI "a who enlisted in the Union Army at the beginning of trarlilionnl portrait.." Tht' photo~otr&J)h aJ)P~ un J)I\J{e 29'7 in Ch•r~ JIAtr'lllton llnd tJo>·d Oatendorr• wor·k /_,.iwi'Ol-n !'It l'hotourapluf - Aw the Civil War. Be served in the Tenth Ohio Battery Alb1uH of EI'<'Tfl Kao'"" t•o.r, Unive"'ity of OkiAhom" Pn;-.., 19S3, from Springfield, receiving an honorable discharge on with t.ht" ("Aption "A tmdi· May 5, 1855. For a t.iontll POrtnlil."' limited period he was In A C'Omment. COI'I«min.Jr the photORNnh. the authon as..~igned to ser\ticc in 11tAlC' thnt '"The rC"n«~ lischl Charleston, Illinois, on the ld!Jrt lndieates 1.1\at. -
Boyhood Playmates of Lincoln
LINCOLN LORE Bulletin ol the LiDcoln National Life FoWldatlon • • - • • - Dr. Low. A. Warren Editor PubU.hed each wee.lt by The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company, Fort Wayne, Indiana Number 1099 FORT WAYNE, INDIANA May 1, 1950 BOYHOOD PLAYMATES OF LINCOLN This month of flowers recalls the May day festivitiea During the three years following the removal of the of long ago with the Maypoles and their encirding groupa Lincoln family to Indiana when Abraham was growing of children and also the presentation o! May baskets !rom 7 to 1!t_his sister Sarah was probably his constant daring the evening houn. This might be the proper companion. w nen be was nine his mother died and what eeaaon to pay aome attention to the boyhood daya of might be termed the loneliest year of his life followed. Lincoln which were not ao bleak and colorless and ao void A boy, Dellnis Hanks, Dine yean older than Abraham, of a merry congenial atmosphere as baa been portrayed. eame to live in the Lincoln home when hla foster parents We erroneous!~' ualize the homes of the Lincoln famUy died at the same time Mra. Lincoln paued away. How in both Kentu and Indiana, when they are looked upon ever, eight weeks before Abraham'a 11th birthday Thomas aa sbacka or ha -face camps, little better than ahelters Lincoln brought a step-mother into the lonely cabin for animal•- It baa been difficult to associate laughter and which so much needed a home maker. With her came merriment with home surroundings that have been dt· three children by her first husband. -
Mary Lincoln Narrative and Chronology
MEET MARY LINCOLN BIOGRAPHICAL NARRATIVE & CHRONOLOGY WWW.PRESIDENTLINCOLN.ORG Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum MARY TODD’S EARLY LIFE ary Todd was born the finer things in life that allowed to continue her M into a prominent Lex- money bought, among them studies at the Mentelle’s for ington, Kentucky family. Her were beautiful clothes, im- Young Ladies School. Begin- parents, Eliza Ann Parker ported French shoes, elegant ning in 1832, Mary boarded and Robert Smith Todd dinners, a home library and, at Mentelle’s Monday were second cousins, a com- private carriages. through Friday and went mon occurrence in the early home on the weekend even eighteen hundreds. Mary Mary was almost though the school was only was not yet seven when her nine years old when she one and a half miles from her mother died of a bacterial entered the Shelby Female home. Every week, Mary was infection after delivering a Academy, otherwise known brought to and from school son in 1825. Within six as Ward’s. School began at in a coach driven by a family months Mary’s father began 5:00 am, and Mary and Eliza- slave, Nelson. The cost of courting Elizabeth “Betsey” beth “Lizzie” Humphreys room and board for one Humphreys and they were walked the three blocks to year at this exclusive finish- married November 1, 1826. the co-ed academy. Mary ing school was $120. For The six surviving children of was an excellent student and four years, Mary received Eliza and Robert Todd did excelled in reading, writing, instruction in English litera- not take kindly to their new grammar, arithmetic, history, ture, etiquette, conversation, step-mother. -
Homes of Lincoln
Homes of Lincoln Overview: Students will learn about the homes of Lincoln and how these homes shaped Lincoln to become who he was. Materials: ° Lincoln Homes Graphic Organizer ° Lincoln Homes Background Sheets Citation: ° Abraham Lincoln Birthplace: http://www.nps.gov/abli/index.htm ° Lincoln’s Boyhood National Memorial: http://www.nps.gov/LIBO/index.htm ° Lincoln’s Springfield Home: http://www.nps.gov/liho/the-lincoln-home.htm ° Mr. Lincoln’s White House: http://www.mrlincolnswhitehouse.org/inside.asp?ID=3&subjectID=3 ° President Lincoln’s Cottage: http://www.lincolncottage.org/about/lincoln.htm DC Skills (Grades 6-8): Chronology and Historical Interpretation: 1. Students explain how major events are related to one another in time. 4. Students understand and distinguish cause, effect, sequence, and correlation in historical events, including the short-term causes or sparks from long-term causes. Essential Questions: ° How does a person’s environment and experiences shape who them become? ° What can we learn about Abraham Lincoln from his life experiences growing up and growing older? ° How did Lincoln’s life experiences shape him as a president? Background Information: Lincoln lived in four locations in his life. He was born in Kentucky, moved to Indiana as a young boy and spent his teenage years there, and moved to Springfield as a young professional, living there with his family until he was elected president. As a president he resided in the White House and traveled to his summer cottage in the warmer DC months. Each of his homes provided him with different experiences and gave him different skill sets which served him well as president. -
A State Divided: the Civil War in Kentucky Civil War in the Bluegrass
$5 Fall 2013 KentuckyKentucky Humanities Council, Inc. humanities A State Divided: The Civil War in Kentucky Civil War in the Bluegrass e are 150 years removed from the Civil War, yet it still creates strong emotions in many Americans. The War Between the States split the nation deeply and divided Kentucky, pitting friend against friend, neighbor against neighbor, brother against brother, and even father against son. WKentucky’s future was forever changed by the events of the Civil War. In commemoration of the Civil War’s sesquicentennial, we are pleased to share with you a wide array of Kentucky perspectives and issues that developed throughout the war. What would Abraham Lincoln say about slavery and the Civil War if he were alive today? Stephen A. Brown conducts a “conversation” with President Lincoln through chronicled speeches and writings. His article is on page 7. Camp Nelson played a pivotal role in the destruction of slavery in the Commonwealth. W. Stephen McBride shares the history of Kentucky’s largest recruitment and training center for Ben Chandler African American soldiers and what remains of Camp Nelson today. Executive Director John Hunt Morgan is widely known for his Confederate Cavalry raids, overshadowing fellow Kentucky Humanities Council Kentuckian George Martin Jessee, known as “Naughty Jessee.” Mark V. Wetherington tells us about the lesser known Confederate Cavalryman on page 15. While Kentucky’s men were off fighting for both the Union and the Confederacy, their wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters were left to take care of the family and home. On page 18, Nancy Baird shares the stories of several Kentucky women who bravely kept the home fires burning during the Civil War. -
Abraham Lincoln Boyhood Home Cabin Historic Structure Report
Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site Boyhood Home Unit Lincoln Cabin Historic Structure Report 2005 Historical Architecture, Cultural Resources Division Southeast Regional Office National Park Service The historic structure report presented here exists in two formats. A traditional, printed version is available for study at the park, the Southeastern Regional Office of the NPS (SERO), and at a variety of other repositories. For more widespread access, the historic structure report also exists in a web- based format through ParkNet, the website of the National Park Service. Please visit www.nps.gov for more information. Cultural Resources Southeast Region National Park Service 100 Alabama St. SW Atlanta, GA 30303 (404) 562-3117 2005 Historic Structure Report Lincoln Cabin Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site Hodgenville, KY LCS#: 473358 Cover page: undated postcard, KyGenWeb Special Collections LINCOLN CABIN HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT ABLI Boyhood Home Unit, Hodgenville, KY Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS MANAGEMENT SUMMARY Executive Summary……………………………………………...………………………………..1 Administrative Data……………………………………………...………………………………..4 PART I – DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY A. Historical Background and Context………………………………………………...…….I.A.1 Kentucky………………………………………………………………….... I.A.1 The Lincoln Family…………………………………………………………I.A.1 Knob Creek Farm…………………………………………………………... I.A.2 Life in Indiana……………………………………………………………… I.A.4 Political Aspirations………………………………………………………... I.A.4 Civil War…………………………………………………………………… I.A.5 A National Hero……………………………………………………………. I.A.6 Birthplace Memorial……………………………………………………….. I.A.6 Other Memorials…………………………………………………………… I.A.7 Knob Creek after the Lincolns……………………………………………... I.A.7 Growing Tourism…………………………………………………………... I.A.8 The Lincoln Boyhood Home………………………………………………. I.A.8 The Tavern…………………………………………………………………. I.A.9 Site Managers………………………………………………………………. I.A.10 Growing Significance……………………………………………………… I.A.10 Changing Hands……………………………………………………………. I.A.10 National Register Nomination……………………………………………..