DOCSLIB.ORG

UI Extension Forestry Information Series II Insects & Diseases No

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UI Extension Forestry Information Series II Insects & Diseases No UI Extension Forestry Information Series II Insects & Diseases No. 11 Sudden Oak Death Yvonne Barkley Sudden oak death from an international shipment of rhododen- syndrome (SOD) drons. was fi rst reported in the Netherlands On March 25, 2004, SOD was confi rmed on plants and Germany at Monrovia Growers in Azusa, CA and Spe- in 1993, causing cialty Plants, Inc. in San Marcos, CA. On March leaf-blight, stem 29, 2004, the US Department of Agriculture put cankers, and tip all 1,500 nurseries in California under a 60-day dieback on nursery quarantine. Each nursery has been inspected for grown rhododen- symptoms of SOD and released if no symptoms drons and viburnums. SOD has become the latest were found. serious threat to plant materials across the United States and was fi rst spotted in the U.S. in 1995 To date, there are confi rmed trace forwards on on tanoak in a Marin County, CA forest. It took stock from Monrovia in 14 states: California, University of California researchers until 2001 to Alabama, Florida, Washington, Oregon, Texas, positively identify the pathogen, after which the Colorado, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, North USDA imposed a federal quarantine of 12 Cali- Carolina, New Mexico, Tennessee, and Virginia fornia counties. (Situation Report #43, May 25, 2004). During the summer of 2001, SOD was also found Cause and Hosts killing wild rhododendrons in Brookings, OR. SOD is caused by the fungus-like organism Phy- Infected plants were eradicated soon after sites tophthora ramorum (P. ramorum), and causes were found and this infestation remains confi ned different symptoms on different hosts. Called within a 9-mile quarantined area of forested land sudden oak death when it occurs on susceptible near Brookings. The initial source of infection of tree species, P. ramorum is characterized by these sites remains unknown. bleeding cankers that girdle the trunks. On af- In the spring of 2003, SOD was found in a whole- fected shrub species, the disease is called Ramo- sale nursery in Portland, OR and also in a retail rum leaf and shoot blight and is characterized by outlet in Washington that received plants from leaf blights and shoot diebacks. Unfortunately, the Oregon wholesaler. Genera affected were on many plant species symptoms of P. ramorum Pieris, Viburnum, and Rhododendron. Infected may be indistinguishable from other common stock and other nearby host plants were de- Phytophthora fungal diseases. stroyed. This outbreak is suspected to have come Station Bulletin No. 96, Idaho Forestry Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, Moscow, ID Phytophthora ramorum is well adapted to cool, On leaves. Leaf infec- wet conditions and tolerates heat and drought. tions appear as brown to Unlike other species in this large fungal family black dead areas, often at that usually infect roots, P. ramorum is mainly the tip or base of a leaf. a foliar pathogen. It produces several types of Shoots can also be af- spores, which helps the organism survive and fected and appear brown spread. Spores landing on wet leaves or stems to black in color and may germinate and infect young plant tissues. Several wilt. of the spore types can be moved with windborne rain, in irrigation water, or with water splashed Symptoms on specifi c species include: onto foliage by sprinkler irrigation. P. ramorum is also thought to move in soil and on infected • On conifers in the U.S.: needle blight and plant material. As of this writing there are 60 dieback of young shoots of Douglas fi r, hosts and associated host species in at least 12 coastal redwood, and grand fi r. plant families (see Table 1 above and Table 2 on • On yew: needle blight of young foliage re- page 4 and 5). sulting in aerial dieback. Symptoms • On Rhododendron, Pieris, Vaccinium, and On trees. P. ramorum can affect just the bark, as Hamamelis spp. (witchhazel): affected on beech, or both the bark and the leaves, as on shoots or twigs develop a brown to black tanoak. It is also possible that some trees like ash, discoloration that spreads along the twig which has highly susceptible leaves experimen- and can spread into the leaf via the petiole; tally (but has not yet been found to be a natural characteristics symptoms are a blacken- host) may just be leaf hosts to the pathogen. ing of the petiole, leaf base, and leaf tip that may extend along the mid-vein; twig Bark infections occur cankers lead to wilting of affected shoots; as large cankers on the development of symptoms can be rapid. lower trunk that are brown to black discol- • On viburnum: infection commonly occurs ored areas on the outer at the base of the stem, causing wilting and bark and “bleed” dark then death. May also cause brown to black red sap. Mottled areas of leaf infections and can also affect fl owers, dead and discolored in- especially on evergreen species. ner bark with black lines • On Camellia, Kalmia, Syringa (lilac) and around the edges are Leucothoe spp.: usually confi ned to leaf in- visible when the bark is fections; leaf lesions are brown to black and removed. A rapid change in the color and condi- typically occur at the tip or edges of the leaf; tion of the foliage, followed by sudden death of some shoots may become infected, leading to the tree, occur when cankers girdle the trunks of dieback. affected trees. Cankers can cause sudden death, as in California tanoak, or a slow decline over Management several years, as in American oak species. Can- kers do not extend below the soil line and do not Management efforts have been focused on eradi- appear to infect the roots. cating the pathogen where it is found and pre- venting new infections. Early detection is vital to preventing the disease from spreading. 2 In order to limit the spread of this disease, hom- Control eowners with a suspected plant infected with P. ramorum should contact your nearest Extension Phytophthora ramorum has only recently been Offi ce and ask them about collecting a sample of described and knowledge of how the disease the plant. develops and spreads is limited. Currently, fun- gicides are being used as preventative treatments Growers may submit a sample directly. PLEASE on known host plants. Most of the fungicides FOLLOW THE PROTOCOL LISTED BELOW. used to control other Phytophthora species do not control this organism; they can only prevent 1. Suspect plant material must be placed in it from becoming established. double ziplock bags and stored in a refrigerator awaiting shipment to a diagnostic facility. The For more information on Phytophthora ramorum preferred method for go to the USDA APHIS website at: shipment is triple packaging: two ziplock bags www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ispm/sod/ and an outer container. The outer shipping con- tainer should be an approved cardboard ship- __________________________ ping box. The seams of the box should be closed with approved shipping tape. Parts of this article were excerpted from: Feiber, D. 2004. Sudden Oak Death Detected on Plants Im- 2. Include the following information with the ported into Florida. News Release, Florida Department of sample: Agriculture and Consumer Services, Tallahassee, FL. • Host. Parke, J. J. Pscheidt, and R. Linderman. 2003. Phytophthora ramorum: a guide for Oregon nurseries. EM 8840, Oregon • Collector’s name, and date. State University, Extension Service. 8 pp. • Number of hosts at that site. Unknown. 2001. Phytophthora ramorum (Sudden Oak Death). Pest Fact Sheet, Plant Health Risk Assessment Unit, Science Division, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, • Facility/location name and address, contact Pacifi c Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural person, and county. Resources, Canada. • Other potential hosts at the site and any ob- Unknown. 2004. Phytophthora ramorum: a threat to our servations. trees, woodland and heartland. DEFRA, Edinburgh, UK. www.defra.gov.uk/planth/ph.htm 3. Samples should be shipped via overnight de- Unknown. 2004. USDA Announces Oak Disease Detection livery or hand delivered to: Program for California Nurseries. News Release, USDA APHIS Program Update, March 29, 2004. S. Krishna Mohan Professor of Plant Pathology Unknown. 2004. New Restrictions for P. ramorum. News University of Idaho Release, USDA APHIS Program Update, April 9, 2004. 29603 U of I Lane Parma, ID 83660 This article fi rst appeared in Woodland NOTES, Phone: (208) 722-6701 Ext. 218 Vol. 15, No. 2, Sprimg/Summer, 2004. Fax: (208) 722-6708 About the Author: Yvonne Barkley is an 4. All tools and other equipment must be sani- Associate Extension Forester at the University of tized and/or sterilized before re-use. Idaho. 3 Table 1. Plant species currently regulated for Phytophthora ramorum* (in whole or part) – June 1, 2004 – see www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ispm/sod Scientifi c Name Common Name Acer macrophyllum bigleaf maple Aesculus californica California buckeye Arbutus menziesii madrone Arctostaphylos manzanita manzanita Camellia japonica Japanese camellia Camellia sasanqua Sasanqua camellia Hamamelis virginiana witch hazel Heteromeles arbutifolia toyon Lithocarpus densifl orus tanoak Lonicera hispidula California honeysuckle Pieris formosa Himalaya pieris Pieris formosa x japonica Pieris ‘Forest Flame’ Pieris fl oribunda x japonica Pieris ‘Brouwer’s Beauty’ Pieris japonica Japanese pieris Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii Douglas-fi r Quercus agrifolia coast live oak Quercus chrysolepis canyon live oak Quercus kelloggii California black oak Quercus parvula v. shrevei Shreve’s oak Rhamnus californica California coffeeberry Rhododendron spp. rhododendron (including azalea) Rosa gymnocarpa Wood’s rose Sequoia sempervirens coast redwood Trientalis latifolia western starfl ower Umbellularia californica California bay laurel, Oregon myrtle Vaccinium ovatum evergreen huckleberry Viburnum x bodnantense bodnant Viburnum Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum doublefi le Viburnum Viburnum tinus laurustinus * Regulated plants are those adapted from other regulated lists or were added upon completion, documentation and review of traditional Kock’s postulates.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Department of Planning and Zoning
    Department of Planning and Zoning Subject: Howard County Landscape Manual Updates: Recommended Street Tree List (Appendix B) and Recommended Plant List (Appendix C) - Effective July 1, 2010 To: DLD Review Staff Homebuilders Committee From: Kent Sheubrooks, Acting Chief Division of Land Development Date: July 1, 2010 Purpose: The purpose of this policy memorandum is to update the Recommended Plant Lists presently contained in the Landscape Manual. The plant lists were created for the first edition of the Manual in 1993 before information was available about invasive qualities of certain recommended plants contained in those lists (Norway Maple, Bradford Pear, etc.). Additionally, diseases and pests have made some other plants undesirable (Ash, Austrian Pine, etc.). The Howard County General Plan 2000 and subsequent environmental and community planning publications such as the Route 1 and Route 40 Manuals and the Green Neighborhood Design Guidelines have promoted the desirability of using native plants in landscape plantings. Therefore, this policy seeks to update the Recommended Plant Lists by identifying invasive plant species and disease or pest ridden plants for their removal and prohibition from further planting in Howard County and to add other available native plants which have desirable characteristics for street tree or general landscape use for inclusion on the Recommended Plant Lists. Please note that a comprehensive review of the street tree and landscape tree lists were conducted for the purpose of this update, however, only
    [Show full text]
  • Camellia Sinensis • Use: Almost Everyone Drinks Tea Without Really
    Camellia sinensis Use: Almost everyone drinks tea without really thinking about it, not re- alizing that the leaves themselves are actually from a well known garden plant, the Camellia. Camellia sinensis var sinensis originates from China where it naturally grows on moist mountain slopes in fertile acidic soils. Yes you can harvest the leaves to make a refreshing cup of tea. These plants were grown using organic practices. Exposure: Prefers sheltered site, part sunny or medium shade, and any well drained neutral/acid soil. Extreme summer heat may cause leaf burn; needs some shade if planted near a white house due to reflection of sun. Growth: Moderate growing to 8-10’ tall and 6-8’ wide. Can be kept as short as 4-5’ tall for easy harvesting. Hardiness: Zone 7-10; Shrub Foliage: Evergreen, glossy. You can make both green tea or black tea the dif- ference is in how you dry the leaves. Green tea is dried right after harvesting, while black tea is crushed and allowed to oxidize. What's most exciting about those leaves, is that you can pick them and make your own tea. Flower: It blooms in late fall and winter, white flowers illuminating the sleepy You'll have a great conversation–starter with winter landscape. You can even surprise your dinner guests with fresh floral visitors, and the coolest homemade present. tablescapes. Prune only right after blooms fade if you want flowers every year. .
    [Show full text]
  • Taming the Wild Stewartia©
    1 Boland-Tim-2019B-Taming-Stewartia Taming the Wild Stewartia© Timothy M. Boland and Todd J. Rounsaville Polly Hill Arboretum, 809 State Road, West Tisbury, Massachusetts 02575, USA [email protected] Keywords: Asexual propagation, native trees, plant collections, seeds, Stewartia SUMMARY The Polly Hill Arboretum (PHA) began working with native stewartia in 1967. Our founder, Polly Hill, was devoted to growing trees from seed. In 2006, the Polly Hill Arboretum was recognized as the Nationally Accredited Collection holder for stewartia. This status has guided our collection development, particularly on focused seed expeditions, which began in 2007. The PHA has been successful growing both species from seed, however, overwintering survival and transplanting of juvenile plants has proved more challenging. New insights into winter storage of seedlings is beginning to shed light on this problem. Experimentation with overwintering rooted cuttings has revealed that plants have preferred temperature and chilling requirements. These new overwintering protocols have thus far yielded positive results. Recent work with tissue culture has also shown promising results with both species. Future work includes grafting superior clones of our native stewartia onto Asiatic species in an effort to overcome the problematic issues of overwintering, transplantability, and better resistance to soil borne pathogens. Our Plant Collections Network (PCN) development plan outlines our next phase work with stewartia over the upcoming several years. The results of this work will be shared in future years as we continue to bring these exceptional small flowering trees into commercial production. 2 INTRODUCTION The commitment to building Polly Hill Arboretum’s (PHA) stewartia collection is based on our founder Polly Hill’s history with the genus and our own desire to encourage the cultivation of these superb small-flowering trees in home gardens.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018–2019 Catalog
    2018–2019 CATALOG W www.woodburnnursery.com S 888-634-2232 P 503-634-2231 F 503-634-2238 1 Catalog and Program Information Special Tags for Retail Customers: Information for special tags is due in our office by February 1st. If you require special tags with retail prices or other information, the sooner we know the better. Let your sales representative know you are interested so we can provide you with the proper paperwork. There is no additional charge for this service. Spring Billing Program: This program provides customers with the opportunity to ship material from September 1, 2018 through February 28, 2019 and delay payment until May 1, 2019. Requirements are as follows: 1| The first nursery stock order shipped must equal or exceed 4,000 units, where one unit is equivalent to a one gallon pot. 2| Once a customer ships an order meeting these requirements, any subsequent orders will also qualify if shipped on or before February 28th. 3| Payment is due in our office on or before May 1, 2019. Those customers that miss this date are not eligible for the program the following season. Prices listed in this catalog are subject to change due to minimum wage increases. Claims: No claim will be honored unless made in writing on the bill of lading upon receipt of the shipment. We also request notification within 5 days of delivery if there is a count discrepancy or if any damage occurred during shipment. It will be at the sole discretion of Woodburn Nursery and Azaleas, Inc. to evaluate and issue any and all credit adjustments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Forage Availability on Diet Choice and Body Condition in American Beavers (Castor Canadensis)
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. National Park Service Publications and Papers National Park Service 2013 The oler of forage availability on diet choice and body condition in American beavers (Castor canadensis) William J. Severud Northern Michigan University Steve K. Windels National Park Service Jerrold L. Belant Mississippi State University John G. Bruggink Northern Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natlpark Severud, William J.; Windels, Steve K.; Belant, Jerrold L.; and Bruggink, John G., "The or le of forage availability on diet choice and body condition in American beavers (Castor canadensis)" (2013). U.S. National Park Service Publications and Papers. 124. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natlpark/124 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the National Park Service at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in U.S. National Park Service Publications and Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Mammalian Biology 78 (2013) 87–93 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Mammalian Biology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mambio Original Investigation The role of forage availability on diet choice and body condition in American beavers (Castor canadensis) William J. Severud a,∗, Steve K. Windels b, Jerrold L. Belant c, John G. Bruggink a a Northern Michigan University, Department of Biology, 1401 Presque Isle Avenue, Marquette, MI 49855, USA b National Park Service, Voyageurs National Park, 360 Highway 11 East, International Falls, MN 56649, USA c Carnivore Ecology Laboratory, Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA article info abstract Article history: Forage availability can affect body condition and reproduction in wildlife.
    [Show full text]
  • Camellia Debaoensis (Theaceae), a New Species of Yellow Camellia from Limestone Karsts in Southwestern China
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeysCamellia 135: 49–58 debaoensis (2019) (Theaceae), a new species of yellow camellia from limestone karsts... 49 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.135.38756 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Camellia debaoensis (Theaceae), a new species of yellow camellia from limestone karsts in southwestern China Renchuan Hu1, Sujuan Wei2, Yongqing Liufu3, Yunkai Nong1, Wei Fang4 1 Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, China 2 Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China 3 Guangxi Museum of Natural History, Nanning, Guangxi 530012, China 4 Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China Corresponding author: Yongqing Liufu ([email protected]) Academic editor: C. Morden | Received 8 August 2019 | Accepted 1 October 2019 | Published 28 November 2019 Citation: Hu R, Wei S, Liufu Y, Nong Y, Fang W (2019) Camellia debaoensis (Theaceae), a new species of yellow camellia from limestone karsts in southwestern China. PhytoKeys 135: 49–58. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.135.38756 Abstract Camellia debaoensis R.C.Hu & Y.Q.Liufu, sp. nov. is described and illustrated as a new species from southwestern Guangxi, China. It is morphologically similar to Camellia pubipetala Y. Wan & S. Z. Huang, C. mingii S.X. Yang and C. tuyenquangensis D.V. Luong, N.N.H. Le & N. Tran, but it differs from these species in having glabrous young branches, glabrous petiole, glabrous sepals, glabrous petals, glabrous stamens and glabrous ovary, 10 petals, cylindrical ovary and style 3-lobed to 1/6 style length.
    [Show full text]
  • Nursery Price List
    Lincoln-Oakes Nurseries 3310 University Drive • Bismarck, ND 58504 Nursery Seed Price List 701-223-8575 • [email protected] The following seed is in stock or will be collected and available for 2010 or spring 2011 PENDING CROP, all climatic zone 3/4 collections from established plants in North Dakota except where noted. Acer ginnala - 18.00/lb d.w Cornus racemosa - 19.00/lb Amur Maple Gray dogwood Acer tataricum - 15.00/lb d.w Cornus alternifolia - 21.00/lb Tatarian Maple Pagoda dogwood Aesculus glabra (ND, NE) - 3.95/lb Cornus stolonifera (sericea) - 30.00/lb Ohio Buckeye – collected from large well performing Redosier dogwood Trees in upper midwest Amorpha canescens - 90.00/lb Leadplant 7.50/oz Amorpha fruiticosa - 10.50/lb False Indigo – native wetland restoration shrub Aronia melanocarpa ‘McKenzie” - 52.00/lb Black chokeberry - taller form reaching 6-8 ft in height, glossy foliage, heavy fruit production, Corylus cornuta (partial husks) - 16.00/lb NRCS release Beaked hazelnut/Native hazelnut (Inquire) Caragana arborescens - 16.00/lb Cotoneaster integerrimus ‘Centennial’ - 32.00/lb Siberian peashrub European cotoneaster – NRCS release, 6-10’ in height, bright red fruit Celastrus scandens (true) (Inquire) - 58.00/lb American bittersweet, no other contaminating species in area Crataegus crus-galli - 22.00/lb Cockspur hawthorn, seed from inermis Crataegus mollis ‘Homestead’ arnoldiana-24.00/lb Arnold hawthorn – NRCS release Crataegus mollis - 19.50/lb Downy hawthorn Elaeagnus angustifolia - 9.00/lb Russian olive Elaeagnus commutata
    [Show full text]
  • Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- ERICACEAE
    Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- ERICACEAE ERICACEAE (Heath Family) A family of about 107 genera and 3400 species, primarily shrubs, small trees, and subshrubs, nearly cosmopolitan. The Ericaceae is very important in our area, with a great diversity of genera and species, many of them rather narrowly endemic. Our area is one of the north temperate centers of diversity for the Ericaceae. Along with Quercus and Pinus, various members of this family are dominant in much of our landscape. References: Kron et al. (2002); Wood (1961); Judd & Kron (1993); Kron & Chase (1993); Luteyn et al. (1996)=L; Dorr & Barrie (1993); Cullings & Hileman (1997). Main Key, for use with flowering or fruiting material 1 Plant an herb, subshrub, or sprawling shrub, not clonal by underground rhizomes (except Gaultheria procumbens and Epigaea repens), rarely more than 3 dm tall; plants mycotrophic or hemi-mycotrophic (except Epigaea, Gaultheria, and Arctostaphylos). 2 Plants without chlorophyll (fully mycotrophic); stems fleshy; leaves represented by bract-like scales, white or variously colored, but not green; pollen grains single; [subfamily Monotropoideae; section Monotropeae]. 3 Petals united; fruit nodding, a berry; flower and fruit several per stem . Monotropsis 3 Petals separate; fruit erect, a capsule; flower and fruit 1-several per stem. 4 Flowers few to many, racemose; stem pubescent, at least in the inflorescence; plant yellow, orange, or red when fresh, aging or drying dark brown ...............................................Hypopitys 4 Flower solitary; stem glabrous; plant white (rarely pink) when fresh, aging or drying black . Monotropa 2 Plants with chlorophyll (hemi-mycotrophic or autotrophic); stems woody; leaves present and well-developed, green; pollen grains in tetrads (single in Orthilia).
    [Show full text]
  • Deer Resistant Plants & Flowers
    Deer Resistant Plants & Flowers Deer resistant plants do not mean the deer won’t eat them, but they are less likely to do so. Below is a list of some annuals, perennials, groundcover, ornamental grass, shrubs, and bulbs that are deer resistant. ANNUALS Caladium - Caladium (all) California Poppy - Eschschoizia Californica Coleus - Solenostemon Scutellarioides Flossflower - Ageratum Houstonianum Flowering Tobacco - Nicotiana (all) Garden Croton - Codiaeum Variegatum Heliotrope - Heliotropium Arborescens Morning Glory - Ipomoea (all) Snapdragon - Antirrhinum Majus Spider Flower - Cleome Hassierana Tuberous Begonia - Begonia Tuberhybrida PERENNIALS Adams Needle - Yucca Filamentosa Aster - Aster (all) Beebalm - Monarda Didyma Bethlehem Sage - Pulmonaria Saccharata Bigleaf Ligularia - Ligularia Dentata Blackberry Lily - Belamcanda Chinensis Blanket Flower - Gaillardia Grandiflora Bleeding Heart - Dicentra Spectabilis Bluebeard - Caryopteris Clandonensis Bluestar - Amsonia Tabernaemontana Copyright 2020 Jung Seed Co. Boltonia - Boltonia Asteroides Bugleweed - Ajuga reptans Butterfly Weed - Asclepias (all) Catmint - Nepeta Christmas Fern - Polystichum Acrostichoides Cinnamon Fern - Osmunda Cinnamomea Columbine - Aquilegia (all) Coreopsis - Coreopsis Lanceolata Crown Vetch - Coronilla (all) Dead Nettle - Lamium Maculatum English Lavender - Lavandula Angustifolia False Indigo - Baptisia (all) False Spiraea - Astilbe Arendsii Gayfeather - Liatris Spicata Goatsbeard - Aruncus Dioicus Goldenrod - Solidago (all) Great Solomon's Seal - Polygonatum (all)
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids
    Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids . oaks, birches, evening primroses . a major group of the woody plants (trees/shrubs) present at your sites The Wind Pollinated Trees • Alternate leaved tree families • Wind pollinated with ament/catkin inflorescences • Nut fruits = 1 seeded, unilocular, indehiscent (example - acorn) *Juglandaceae - walnut family Well known family containing walnuts, hickories, and pecans Only 7 genera and ca. 50 species worldwide, with only 2 genera and 4 species in Wisconsin Carya ovata Juglans cinera shagbark hickory Butternut, white walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Leaves pinnately compound, alternate (walnuts have smallest leaflets at tip) Leaves often aromatic from resinous peltate glands; allelopathic to other plants Carya ovata Juglans cinera shagbark hickory Butternut, white walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family The chambered pith in center of young stems in Juglans (walnuts) separates it from un- chambered pith in Carya (hickories) Juglans regia English walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Trees are monoecious Wind pollinated Female flower Male inflorescence Juglans nigra Black walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Male flowers apetalous and arranged in pendulous (drooping) catkins or aments on last year’s woody growth Calyx small; each flower with a bract CA 3-6 CO 0 A 3-∞ G 0 Juglans cinera Butternut, white walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Female flowers apetalous and terminal Calyx cup-shaped and persistant; 2 stigma feathery; bracted CA (4) CO 0 A 0 G (2-3) Juglans cinera Juglans nigra Butternut, white
    [Show full text]
  • Landscaping Without Harmful Invasive Plants
    Landscaping without harmful invasive plants A guide to plants you can use in place of invasive non-natives Supported by: This guide, produced by the wild plant conservation Landscaping charity Plantlife and the Royal Horticultural Society, can help you choose plants that are without less likely to cause problems to the environment harmful should they escape from your planting area. Even the most careful land managers cannot invasive ensure that their plants do not escape and plants establish in nearby habitats (as berries and seeds may be carried away by birds or the wind), so we hope you will fi nd this helpful. A few popular landscaping plants can cause problems for you / your clients and the environment. These are known as invasive non-native plants. Although they comprise a small Under the Wildlife and Countryside minority of the 70,000 or so plant varieties available, the Act, it is an offence to plant, or cause to damage they can do is extensive and may be irreversible. grow in the wild, a number of invasive ©Trevor Renals ©Trevor non-native plants. Government also has powers to ban the sale of invasive Some invasive non-native plants might be plants. At the time of producing this straightforward for you (or your clients) to keep in booklet there were no sales bans, but check if you can tend to the planted area often, but it is worth checking on the websites An unsuspecting sheep fl ounders in a in the wider countryside, where such management river. Invasive Floating Pennywort can below to fi nd the latest legislation is not feasible, these plants can establish and cause cause water to appear as solid ground.
    [Show full text]
  • PC22 Doc. 22.1 Annex (In English Only / Únicamente En Inglés / Seulement En Anglais)
    Original language: English PC22 Doc. 22.1 Annex (in English only / únicamente en inglés / seulement en anglais) Quick scan of Orchidaceae species in European commerce as components of cosmetic, food and medicinal products Prepared by Josef A. Brinckmann Sebastopol, California, 95472 USA Commissioned by Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO CITES Management Authorithy of Switzerland and Lichtenstein 2014 PC22 Doc 22.1 – p. 1 Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................................................................ 7 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Information about the Databases Used ...................................................................................................... 11 1. Anoectochilus formosanus .................................................................................................................. 13 1.1. Countries of origin ................................................................................................................. 13 1.2. Commercially traded forms ................................................................................................... 13 1.2.1. Anoectochilus Formosanus Cell Culture Extract (CosIng) ............................................ 13 1.2.2. Anoectochilus Formosanus Extract (CosIng) ................................................................ 13 1.3. Selected finished
    [Show full text]