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CDI •• Puters and Automation and People a Ii 53ap SCIENCE & TECHNOl0GY July, 1973 Vo l. 22, No. 7 CDI •• puters and automation and people "PLEASE TIM TICKLE LANA" Communication - Three-way: Chimpanzee, Man, Computer / Larry B. Dendy, Ernest von Glasersfeld, and others Computer Privacy and Security / Howard Campaigne and Lance J. Hoffman Computer Programming Using Natural Language - Part 2 / Edmund C. Berkeley, Andy Langer, and Casper Otten Applications of Computers in Correspondence Schools / Major Charles Ehin The Right That Guards All Other Rights John Gardner The American News Media and the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy - Conclusion Richard E. Sprague 5106049 01 0 P 7401 201721 ~, TECHNICAL SERVICES SA JOSE PUSl LIBRARY 018 180 AN CARLOS ST SA J E C 95113 IF YOU COULD PREVENT JUST ONE IMPORTANT MISTAKE BEFORE IT HAPPENED.-· • HOW MUCH WOULD THAT BE WORTH TO YOU - $100? - $1000? more? Our considered estimate is that 10 to 20% or more of the cost of operation of most businesses is the cost of mistakes. (Just one foreseeable mistake that "Computers and Automation" made in 1970 has cost us $4000.) WOULDN'T YOU AGREE THAT SENSE, COMMON AND UNCOMMON, OUGHT TO BE THE KEY TO PREVENTING MISTAKES? In a number of the issues of "The Notebook on Common Sense, Elementary and- Advanced", we examine systematically the prevention of mistakes, such as: No. 15: Preventing Mistakes from Failure to Understand - Volume 1, first No. 23: Preventing Mistakes from Forgetting ) subscription year No. 38: The Concepts of Feedback and Feedback Control - Volume 2, second No. 41: Preventing Mistakes from Unforeseen Hazards ) subscription year Among the forthcoming issues of the Notebook in Volume 2 are: - Preventing Mistakes from Camouflage - Preventing Mistakes from Placidity and we are planning at least 20 more issues in Volumes 2 to 4 under this general heading. WHY NOT TRY THE NOTEBOOK ON COMMON SENSE? GUARANTEE: (1) You may return (in 7 days) the PAST ISSUES: As a new subscriber, you do not miss past first batch of issues we send you, for FULL issues. Every subscriber's subscription starts at Vol. 1, REFUND, if not satisfactory. (2) Thereafter, you No.1, and he eventually receives all issues. The past may cancel at any time, and you will receive issues are sent to him usually four at a time, every week a refund for the unmailed portion of your sub­ or two, until he has caught up, and thus he does not miss Scription. important and interesting issues that never go out of date. HOW CAN YOU LOSE? - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (may be copied on any piece of paper) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- To: COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION AND PEOPLE 815 Washington St., R12, Newtonville, Mass. 02160 ) YES, please enter my subscription to the Notebook on Common Sense at $12 a year, 24 issues (newsletter style), and extras. ( ) Please send me (as FREE premiums for subscribing) the first six issues: 1. Right Answers - A Short Guide to Obtaining Them 4. Strategy in Chess 2. The Empty Column 5. The Barrels and the Elephant 3. The Golden Trumpets of Yap Yap 6. The Argument of the Beard ) I enclose $ ( ) Please bill me () Please bill my organization NAME ______________________________________________ TITLE ORGANIZATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ADDRESS __________________________________________________________________________________ SIGNATURE __________________________________________ Purchase Order No . _______________________ 2 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for July. 1973 INVENTORY OF THE 36 ISSUES OF - TITLES AND SUMMARIES THE NOTEBOOK ON COMMON SENSE, FIRST YEAR VOLUME 1 VOLUME 2 1. Right Answers - A Short Guide to Obtaining Them 31. Adding Years to Your Life Through Common Sense A collection of 82 principles and maxims. Example: 32. The Number of Answers to a Problem "The moment you have worked out an answer, start 33. "Stupidity has a Knack of Getting Its Way" checking it - it probably isn't right." 34 and 35. Time, Sense, and Wisdom 2. The Empty Column 36. Wisdom - An Operational Definition A parable about a symbol for zero, and the failure .... 24 issues promised, 36 issues delivered, for good measure to recognize the value of a good idea. 3. The Golden Trumpets of Yap Yap 4. Strategy in Chess 5. The Barrels and the Elephant Some Comments from Subscribers A discussion of truth vs. believability. bel ieve these to be the best, if not the most important, 6. The Argument of the Beard reading that I have had this year. The accumulation of many small differences may - Harold J. Coate, EDP Manager, St. Joseph, Mo. make a huge difference. Your concept is brilliant, and a welcome antidote to much 7. The Elephant and the Grassy Hillside which is passed off as useful knowledge these days. Keep The concepts of the ordinary everyday world vs. up the good work. the pointer readings of exact science. 8. Ground Rules for Arguments - Charles E. Abbe, Data Systems Analyst, Pasadena, 9. False Premises, Valid Reasoning, and True Conclusions Calif. The fallacy of asserting that the premises must first Very good articles; something all managers should read. be correct in order that correct conclusions be - William Taylor, Vice President, Calgary, Alberta derived. As I am involved with systems work, I can always use one 10. The I nvestigation of Common Sense of the issues to prove a point or teach a lesson. 11. Principles of General Science and Proverbs - Edward K. Nellis, Director of Systems Development, 8 principles and 42 proverbs. Pittsford, N.Y. 12. Common Sense - Questions for Consideration Thoroughly enjoy each issue. 13. Falling 1800 Feet Down a Mountain - David Lichard, Data Processing Manager, Chicago, I II. The story of a skimobiler who fell 1/3 of a mile All are good and thought-provoking - which in itself down Mt. Washington, N.H., and was rescued the is worthwhile. Keep it up. next day; and how he used his common sense and - Richard Marsh, Washington, D.C. survived. Especially like "Right Answers". 14. The Cu It of the Expert - Ralph E. Taylor, Manager of Research and Develop­ 15. Preventing Mistakes from Failure to Understand ment, West Chester, Ohio Even though you do not understand the cause of Your tendency to deal with practical applications is very some trouble, you may still be able to deal with rewarding. it. The famous example of a cure for malaria. - Jeffrey L. Rosen, Programmer, Toronto, Canada 16. The Stage of Maturity and Judgement 17. Doomsday in St. Pierre, Martinique - Common Sense vs. Catastrophe PAST ISSUES: As a new subscriber, you do not miss past is­ How 30,000 people refusing to apply their common sues. Every subscriber's subscription starts at Vol. 1, no. sense died from a volcanic eruption. 1, and he eventually receives all issues. The past issues 18. The History of the Doasyoulikes are sent to him usually four at a time, every week or 19. Individuality in Human Beings two, until he has caught up, and thus he does not miss Their chemical natures are as widely varied as important and interesting issues that never go out of date. their external features. 20. How to be Silly GUARANTEE: (1) You may return (in 7 days) the first batch 71 recipes for being silly. Example: "Use twenty of issues we send you, for FULL REFUND, if not satis­ words to say something when two will do." factory. (2) Thereafter, you may cancel at any time, and 21. The Three Earthworms you will receive a refund for the unmailed portion of A parable about curiosity; and the importance of you r su bscription. - making observations for oneself. WE WANT ONLY HAPPY AND SATISFIED SUBSCRIBERS. 22. The Cochrans vs. Catastrophe The history of Samuel Cochran, Jr., who ate some ~ ---------- (may be copied on any piece of paper) --------------- vichyssoise soup. To: Computers and Automation and People 23. Preventing Mistakes from Forgetting 815 Washington St., R1, Newtonville, Mass. 02160 24. What is Gammon Sense? - An Operational Definition ) YES, I would like to try the "Notebook on Common A proposed definition of common sense not using Sense, Elementary and Advanced". Please enter my subscription at $12 a year, 24 issues, newsletter style, synonyms but using behavior that is observable. 25. The Subject of What is Generally True and Important - and extras. Please send me issues 1 to 6 as FREE Common Sense, Elementary and Advanced PREMIUMS for subscribing. 26. Natural History, Patterns, and Common Sense I enclose ______ ) Please bill me. Some important techniques for observing. 27. Rationalizing and Common Sense ) Please bill my organization. 28. Opposition to New Ideas Name Title __________ Some of the common but foolish reasons for Organization ___________________ opposing new ideas. 29. A Classification and Review of the Issues of Vol. Address ________________________ 30. Index to Volume 1 Signature ___________ Purch. Order No. ____ COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for July. 1973 3 Vol. 22, No.7 computers July, 1973 and ·autornaCion Editor Edmund C. Berkeley 'and people Assistant Barbara L. Chaffee Editors Linda Ladd Lovett Computer Applications NeilD. Macdonald Thomas A. McLaughlin 7 Communication - Three-Way: Chimpanzee,· Man, [NT A) Computer r Part 1: Introduction / Part 2: A Computer Software Stewart B. Nelson Mediates Communication with a'Chimpanzee Editor by Larry B. Dendy, Ernst von Glasersfeld,. and others, Advertising Edmund C. Berkeley University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. Director How Lana, a chimpanzee, is using a language (called "Yerkish") to express the meanings of. what she wants to say. Art Director Ray W. Hass 25 Applications of Computers in C9rre~pondence Schools [T A] Contributing John Bennett by Major Charles Ehin, Maxwell AFB, .Ale: Editors Moses M. Berlin How extensive and how sophisticated are the flJJpH{;Rtigm? Andrew D. Booth of computers'in correspondence schools? John W. Carr III Ned Chapin . Computers and Privacy Leslie'Mezei Bernhard W. Romberg 12 Computer Privacy and Security [NT A] Ted Schoeters by Howard Campaigne and Lance J.
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