The United Republic of

Ministry of Natural Resources & Tourism

NATIONAL FORESTRY RESOURCES MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF TANZANIA (NAFORMA) List sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Forestry and Beekeeping Division | P.O. Box 426, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Telephone (+255) 022 2126844 or 022 2130091 | E-mail: [email protected] December 2010

NAFORMA DOCUMENT: M06b-2010 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names) The United Republic of Tanzania

Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism Forestry and Beekeeping Division

NATIONAL FORESTRY RESOURCES MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF TANZANIA (NAFORMA) Species List sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Forestry and Beekeeping Division P.O. Box 426, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Telephone (+255) 022 2126844 or 022 2130091 E-mail: [email protected] December 2010 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

The NAFORMA methodology including the manuals, questionnaires, field forms and species lists, was developed during the inception phase of NAFORMA 2009-2010.

The methodology is the product of the joint efforts of the three parties of NAFORMA:

• Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism of Tanzania, • Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, • Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.

Compiled by Prof. F.B.S Makonda and Mr. C.K. Ruffo, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania

Edited by Gino Miceli, FAO-Finland Forestry Programme Forestry Department, FAO, Soren Dalsgaard CTA NAFORMA and Lauri Tamminen APO NAFORMA

With technical assistance from FAO-Finland Forestry Programme, Forestry Department, FAO

Last revised 5 January 2011

2 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4

1.0 INTRODUCTION 5

1.1 Background information of the work 5 1.2 Objectives of the work 5

2.0 METHODOLOGY 6

3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS 6

4.0 RESULTS, LIMITATIONS AND EMERGING DEVELOPMENT NEEDS. 7

4.1 species by vernacular names 8 4.2 Bamboo species by vernacular names 73

REFERENCES 74

3 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors, Prof. F.B.S. Makonda and Mr. C.K. Ruffo would like to express their sincere gratitude to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) through the National Forestry Resources Monitoring and Assessment (NAFORMA) for giving them the opportunity to conduct this noble endeavour.

They are very grateful for the support on this assignment, rendered to them by Messrs E. Nashanda and A. Mndola.

Thanks are also due for Ms. R. Mwaimu for working overtime typing this manuscript.

A number of people have contributed in one way or another in making this work accomplished, however it is not easy to mention all names of these people. A vote of thanks is hereby therefore, collectively cast.

4 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background information of the work

As of 2010, the state and trends of the forest resources of Tanzania are largely unknown and the existing information is fragmented and outdated. Under the National Forest Programme (NFP) of Tanzania, NAFORMA was launched in May 2009 is a priority activity for the Forest and Beekeeping Division (FBD) of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism. NAFORMA will for the first time set up a system to assess and monitor the national forest resources. NAFORMA will provide valuable information for the development of national policy processes related to the sustainable management of the woody resources of Tanzania. The demand of the stakeholders in Tanzania for data and information on the state of the forest resources is continuously expanding.

Through its system of permanent sample sites NAFORMA will provide a complete and sound baseline information on the forest and tree resources, composed of biophysical and socio- economic information.

NAFORMA will prepare new maps of the woody resources of Tanzania and a database for easy retrieval of the needed information.

During NAFORMA, the capacity of the FBD to undertake National Forest Assessment will be built and NAFORMA will be institutionalized to secure the future re-measurements needed for the long term monitoring of the forestry ecosystems in the country.

Over time NAFORMA will thus provide information on the rate of land cover changes as well as the degree of degradation of the forest resources.

1.2 Objectives of the work

The main objective of the study was to prepare a national-wide tree species checklist for NAFORMA for use in coding and grouping of tree species in NAFORMA data entry and analysis phases. The species considered in the list cover both indigenous and exotic, including main common species of cactuses, succulents and bamboos that reach heights above 1.3 meters.

The following details of tree species were specified for the report:

- Species code - Species - Family - Local name - Possible notes

5 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

2.0 METHODOLOGY

In order to achieve the above stated objectives, gathering of previous forest inventory reports for Tanzania was done. Since most of the inventories were conducted a long time ago, intensive desk studies were carried out analyzing the information and enriching it with those from other such sources as books and internet.

3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS

In this report, each species has been presented with its code number (index), scientific name, vernacular name and the dialect used (where possible), family name, habitat and other possible notes.

The habitat types are based on Hamilton (1989):

Lowland: Species occurring at altitudes of less than 800 m.a.s.l.; Submontane: Species occurring at altitudes of between 800 and 1,800 m.a.s.l.; Montane: Species occurring at altitudes over 1,800 m.a.s.l.

In addition to this, the habitat for the mangrove species has been indicated as “Mangrove”.

For the other possible notes concerning a species, the economic importance has been used mostly. Woodfuel has been used to mean firewood (fuelwood) and charcoal. Firewood and fuelwood have been used interchangeably.

The endemic status of some of the species has been indicated based on Iversen (1991):

Near endemic: Species with limited ranges in Tanzania, particularly the Eastern Arc Mountains and/or the East African lowland forests;

Near endemic to the Usambaras: Species with limited ranges in the East and West Usambara Mountains.

6 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

4.0 RESULTS, LIMITATIONS AND EMERGING DEVELOPMENT NEEDS.

The appended table below is a checklist of the of Tanzania with 1,773 species. The format and programme used in depicting the results allow grouping the species according either to ecological, economical or spatial criteria of species.

This work was allocated one month only the period which is inadequate to give each and every species a fair treatment.

Scientific names are reviewed from time to time through international botanical congresses and therefore, they are susceptible to changes. Consequently, the checklist will need updating from time to time. This will only be effected through tracking the changes made by the congress and making amendments to the checklist accordingly.

7 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

4.1 Tree species by vernacular names (common names) Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes RHU/LON Aambalaki (Iraqw) Rhus longipes Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel MIC/OBL Aankway (Iraqw) Microglossa oblongifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VER/EXS Aankwayi (Iraqw) Vernonia exserstiflora Lowland Medicinal ENT/ABY Aaredesu (Iraqw) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood EUP/CAN Aathagw (Iraqw) candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental DAL/NIT Achogo (Luo) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles CMB/MOL Adugo (Luo) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel DSP Afangafa (Kurya) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood OSY/LAN African sandalwood (English) Osyris lanceolata Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAU/ANG Akado (Luo) angolensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAU/ANG Akadu (Luo) Maerua angolensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAY/BUC Ako-­‐awak (Iraqw) buchananii Lowland Firewood, tool handles MAY/SEN Alaimurunyai (Maasai) Maytenus senegalensis Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles SCU/MYR Alaisaremai (Maasai) Scutia myrtina Lowland Medicinal, firewood, MAE/LAN Alang'orwa (Maasai) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BER/ABY Alasiki (Maasai) abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood HAG/ABY Alchani-­‐lengai (Maasai) abyssinica Submontane Timber ARE/PIN Ale (Shambaa) Arenga pinnata Lowland Exotic, sugar palm CSP/MAL Allaiealaki (Maasai) Cassipourea malosana Submontane Timber, firewood ASP/MOS Aloiyavasai (Maasai) mossambicensis Lowland Medicinal JUN/PRO Altarakwai (Maasai) Juniperus procera Submontane Timber, medicinal MAY Amada-­‐aara (Gorowa) Maytenus sp. Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles ALB/HAR Amafogenyo (Nyaturu) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber ACA/POL Amafughuni (Iraqw) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood SCB Amagaudi (Iraqw) sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CMB/ZEY Amagendai (Iraqw) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal SEN/SIN Angai-­‐pulean (Maasai) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, GRW Anyka (Luo) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood CAP/TOM Araturujiay (Maasai) tomentosa Lowland Medicinal, fodder ARA/COL Araucaria (English) Araucaria columnaris Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental PVT Armasei (Maasai) Pavetta sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood COM/SCH Aruping (Luo) Commiphora schimperi Low & submontane Firewood ZAN/AFR Atego (Luo) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit LIV/AUS Australian palm (English) Livistona australis Lowland Exotic, ornamental COM/AFR Bakchandi (Iraqw) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin MRX/HOL Balsum of Peru (English) Myroxylon holtzii Lowland Exotic, medicinal, firewood EUP/NYI Bamba (Swahili) Euphorbia nyikae Lowland Medicinal, ornamental, fuel wood CMB/API Bamba-­‐ngoma (Shambaa) Combretum apiculatum Low & submontane Woodfuel ADY/ZIM Banko (Shambaa) Adyna zimmermannii Low & submontane Firewood QUA/UND Banku/Banko (Shambaa) Quassia undulata Lowland Medicinal, firewood VAN/INF Baraghumo (Iraqw) infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood VER Baraii (Iraqw) Vernonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal ACA/NIL Baryomodi (Iraqw) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood DOD/VIS Berimi (Iraqw) Dodonaea viscosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood, hedge STP/COU Bohoa (Shambaa) Strophanthus courmontii Lowland Medicinal EUP/CAN Bondo (Luo) Lowland Medicinal, ornamental FIC/ING Bonguy (Kurya) Ficus ingens Submontane Shade FAD Booami (Iraqw) Fadogia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits FAD/OBO Booani (Gorowa) Fadogia obovata Low & submontane Edible fruits JAS/FLU Brazilian Jasmin (English) Jasminum fluminense Low & submontane Ornamental SAP/SAP Bufiriri (Sukuma) Sapindus saponaria Lowland Medicinal, shade, soap, exotic PHO/REC Bukindu (Sukuma) Phoenix reclinata Lowland Weaving, ornamental OZO/RET Burthi (Iraqw) Ozoroa reticulata Low & submontane Medicinal, edible fruits CHD/LUT Butterfly palm (English) Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Lowland Exotic, ornamental

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8 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes OCO/USA Camphor (Chagga) usambarensis Low & submontane Timber ARA/ANG Candelabra tree (English) Araucaria angustifolia Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental BRA/OLE Cassage (English) Brassica oleracea Lowland Medicinal, vegetable ACA/LEP Cedar wattle (English) Acacia leptocarpa Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty JUL/GLO Chesa (Fipa) globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage EUP/CAN Chigonda (Pogoro) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental LON/BUS Chigwaja (Makonde) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal MAY/SEN Chikwindire-­‐kwina (Shambaa) Maytenus senegalensis Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles LON/ERI Chimbulei (Makonde) Lonchocarpus eriocalyx Lowland Medicinal, ornamental LIV/CHI Chinese palm (English) Livistona chinensis Lowland Exotic, ornamental DIP/MOS Chisopa (Fipa) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis CRH/SES Chitelelu (Matengo) Ceratotheca sesamoides Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, vegetable TAM/IND Chwaa (Luo) Tamarindus indica Lowland Fruits, Medicinal, Shade OBE/RAD Chwata-­‐mti (Shambaa) Obetia radula Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood COR/SEB Cordia (English) Cordia sebestina Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental, firewood VIG/UNG Cow pea (English) Vigna unguiculata Lowland Medicinal, food, agricultural MUR/KOE Curry tree (English) Murraya koenigii Lowland Exotic, curry leaves, spice, medicinal, ornamental PSO/FEB Da-­‐aalusumo (Iraqw) Psorospermum febrifugum Lowland Medicinal, firewood PLR/AFR Da-­‐aateni (Iraqw) Pleurostylia africana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DAL/NIT Daa alusmo (Iraqw) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles GAL Daatmo (Iraqw) Galiniera sp. Submontane Medicinal, firewood SEN/SIN Dalaagi (Iraqw) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits RHU/VUL Datei (Iraqw) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood KIG/AFR Dati (Iraqw) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal RHU/VUL Datlaii (Iraqw) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood SEN/SIN Delaagwi (Iraqw) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits GRC Denga (Luo) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood ADE/OBE Desert rose (English) Adenium obesum Low & Submontane Poison, ornamental OPU Digilindya (Hehe) Opuntia sp. Lowland Exotic, ornamental FAU/SPE Ductang (Iraqw) Faurea speciosa Low & submontane Poles, firewood FAU/SAL Dukti (Iraqw) Faurea saligna Low & submontane Poles, firewood CMB/MOL Dunga (Luo) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel JUN/PRO East African Pencil Cedar (English) Juniperus procera Submontane Timber, medicinal TRN/GRA Egesonga (Kurya) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ACA/SIE Egichame (Kurya) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood GRC Ekekaarya (Kurya) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood FIC/ING Ekelokyekena (Kurya) Ficus ingens Submontane Shade DSP Ekerekari (Kurya) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood OCH/OVA Ekisansale (Kurya) Ochna ovata Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/ADE Ekitulugu (Kurya) Rytigynia adenodanta Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRN/GRA Ekotobekela (Luo) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ELD/SCH Ekyogo (Kurya) Elaeodendron schlecterianum Low & submontane Medicinal HIB/LUD Elejai (Maasai) Hibiscus ludwigii Lowland Edible ACA/XAN Elerai (Maasai) Acacia xanthophloea Lowland Firewood, beekeeping ACA/DRE Eluai (Maasai) Acacia drepanolobium Lowland Source of gum, firewood ACA/DRE Eluwai (Maasai) Acacia drepanolobium Lowland Source of gum, firewood PER/AME Embe mafuta (Swahili) Persea americana Low & submontane Exotic, fruits, shade SPO/CYT Embe-­‐mafuta (Shambaa) Spondias cythea Lowland Exotic, fruit SPO/CYT Embe-­‐njongo (Swahili) Spondias cythea Lowland Exotic, fruit TER/MOL Emelika (Maasai) Terminalia mollis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal ALB/ANT Emkutani (Maasai) Albizia anthelmintica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DOV/CAF Emorogi (Maasai) caffra Low & submontane Edible fruits, fence, exotic IND Emuchukuchuku (Maasai) Indigofera sp. Lowland Firewood PHT/DOD Endiangarasi (Maasai) Phytolacca dodecandra Lowland Medicinal, firewood HIB/FUS Engaran (Maasai) Hibiscus fuscus Lowland Flowers

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9 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes HIP Engemamai (Maasai) Hippocratea sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood HRR/ABY Engiloilo (Maasai) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood OPI/CEL Engirushai (Maasai) Opilia celtidifolia Lowland Medicinal, vegetable CLU/ABY Engodo (Maasai) Clutia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal EUP/CAN Engoto (Kurya) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental CRO Enjani-­‐optikeri (Maasai) sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRE/GUI Eofu (Chagga) Trema guineense Low & submontane Shade, firewood CRT/AGA Esambwe-­‐ngike (Maasai) Crotalaria agatiflora Low & submontane Agroforestry CSS/ACC Eswaili (Maasai) Cassia accidentalis Low & submontane Medicinal DIP/CON Filafila (Hehe) Diplorhynchus condylocarpon Low & submontane Medicinal, birdlime FAD/CIE Findokoli (Hehe) Fadogia cienkowskii Low & submontane Edible fruits GRW Firaakwi/Lomo (Iraqw) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood CAY/URE Fish tail palm (English) Caryota urens Lowland Exotic, ornamental ACA/HOC Fitsimo (Iraqw) Acacia hockii Low & Submontane Firewood CNT/HUI Fraaki (Iraqw) Canthium huillense Lowland Firewood SCP Fufu (Matengo) Scolopia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CMB/HOL Fufuma (Shambaa) Combretum holstii Lowland Woodfuel PSC/FUL Fumbati (Shambaa) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal STR/SPI Furudau (Iraqw) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal HIB/FUS Furuintsagw (Iraqw) Hibiscus fuscus Lowland Flowers MRH/GOE Fuzu (Shambaa) Maranthes goetzeniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRW/SIM Gajagi (Maasai) Grewia similis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood ACL/FRU Galii (Iraqw) Acalypha fruticosa Lowland Ornamental EUP Ganga (Shambaa) Euphorbia sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood EUP/CAN Ganga (Shambaa) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental EUP/HET Ganga (Shambaa) Euphorbia heterochroma Lowland Medicinal, ornamental EUP/NYI Ganga (Shambaa) Euphorbia nyikae Lowland Medicinal, ornamental, fuel wood EUP/QUA Ganga (Shambaa) Euphorbia quadrialata Lowland Medicinal, ornamental EUP/SYS Ganga (Shambaa) Euphorbia systyloides Lowland Medicinal, ornamental SCB/ALA Gaudi (Iraqw) Schrebera alata Low & submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood DAL/MEL Gembe (Sukuma) Dalbergia melanoxylon Lowland Carvings, Woodfuel, timber ILE/MIT Genda na mto (Shambaa) Ilex mitis Lowland Medicinal, firewood CMB/MOL Gendai (Iraqw) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/MOL Gendaumo (Iraqw) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CTN/SPI Getalongo (Iraqw) spinosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood ZIZ/MUC Ghaghari (Iraqw) mucronata Lowland Edible fruits CLC/ESC Gimbi (Swahili) Colocasia esculenta Low & submontane Medicinal CRO/MEN Girgirmo (Iraqw) Croton menyhartii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DIC/CIN Girwang (Iraqw) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal ACA/HOC Gisulula (Kurya) Acacia hockii Low & Submontane Firewood CHD/LUT Golden cane palm (English) Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Lowland Exotic, ornamental CSS/FIS Golden shower (English) Cassia fistula Low & submontane Ornamental, exotic CMB/PUR Gombui (Nyaturu) Combretum purpureiflorum Lowland Woodfuel IND Gunugunu (Nyaturu) Indigofera sp. Lowland Firewood DOM/ROT Gwata-­‐aati (Iraqw) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood HRR/ABY Haanku (Iraqw) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ERY/ABY Halamba (Lugulu) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental RAU/MAN Hambuai (Shambaa) Rauvolfia mannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PTR/TIN Hampa (Shambaa) Pterocarpus tinctorius Lowland Timber ILE/MIT Hangazimu (Shambaa) Ilex mitis Lowland Medicinal, firewood VER/COL Hasaanda (Shambaa) Vernonia colorata Lowland Medicinal VER/COL Hashaanda (Shambaa) Vernonia colorata Lowland Medicinal UAP/KIR Hekela msuku (Matengo) Uapaca kirkiana Low & submontane Timber, Fruits, firewood BRS/AFR Hetea (Shambaa) Brachystephanus africanus Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRS/HOL Hetea (Shambaa) Brachystephanus holstii Lowland Timber ALL/AFR Hhadohoi (Iraqw) Allophylus africanus Submontane Timber CUS Hhatsini (Iraqw) Cussonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal

10 10 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes SND Hhatsinirpogqan (Iraqw) Synadenium sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental BRH/MIC Hhewasi (Iraqw) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber PHT/DOD Hoko (Shambaa) Phytolacca dodecandra Lowland Medicinal, firewood ROU/ORI Hombo kisogo (Bondei) Rourea orientalis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, vegetable ZNT/CHA Hombo-­‐muungu (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood MCR/CAP Ibaambono (Pare) Macaranga capensis Submontane Timber, firewood MYR/HUM Iburukwa (Chagga) Myrica humilis Low & submontane Medicinal COR/MYX Idondo (Shambaa) Cordia myxa Lowland Exotic, firewood, medicinal, glue, fruit MAU/EMI Idudu (Pare) Maerua eminii Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAU/TRI Idudu (Pare) Maerua triphylla Low & submontane Ornamental, firewood DAL/LAC Ifenu (Pare) Dalbergia lactea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, ornamental CHP/GOR Ifu (Safwa) Chrysophyllum gorungosanum Submontane Timber PHI/BEN Igande (Pare) Philippia bengalensis Submontane Medicinal, firewood IND/RHY Igangula (Nyamwezi) Indigofera rhynchocarpa Lowland Firewood, medicinal IND/SWA Igangula (Nyamwezi) Indigofera swaziensis Lowland Firewood, medicinal OCO/USA Ighaa (Chagga) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber EUP Ighana (Nyaturu) Euphorbia sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood VER/SUB Ighughu (Chagga) Vernonia subuligera Low & submontane Medicinal PSC/FUL Ighung'unu (Chagga) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal TCH/ZEY Igungulu (Nyamwezi) Trichodesma zeylanicum Low & submontane Medicinal ACA/SEN Igwata (Sukuma) Acacia Lowland Source of gum arabic SYZ/OWA Ihugu (Matengo) Syzygium owariensis Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MAU/EMI Ihunyurira (Pare) Maerua eminii Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAU/TRI Ihunyurira (Pare) Maerua triphylla Low & submontane Ornamental, firewood MAE/LAN Ijaja (Pare) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood XYM/MON Ikeko (Pare) monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber WAL/IND Ikhandagi (Nyaturu) Waltheria indica Lowland Medicinal WAL/IND Ikindagiri (Nyaturu) Waltheria indica Lowland Medicinal PHO/REC Ikindo (Hehe) Phoenix reclinata Lowland Weaving, ornamental PLE/SYL Ikingiri (Chagga) Plectranthus sylvetris Low & submontane Medicinal TET/RIP Ikingiri (Chagga) Tetradenia riparia Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal STR/COC Ikome (Sukuma) Strychnos cocculoides Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood CRA/MAN Ikondokondo (Pare) Crassocephalum mannii Low & submontane Medicinal SAN/EHR Ikonge (Nyamwezi) Sansevieria ehrenbergii Lowland Medicinal, firewood SAN/KIR Ikonge (Nyamwezi) Sansevieria kirkii Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAM/USA Ikongwe, Muikongwe (Pare) Mammea usambarensis Submontane Medicinal, edible SAN/EHR Ikonje (Pare) Sansevieria ehrenbergii Lowland Medicinal, firewood HRN/MAD Ikundukundu (Pare) Harungana madagascariensis Submontane Medicinal, firewood MIT/RUB Ikundukundu (Pare) Mitragyna rubrostipulata Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber COM/MOZ Ikwandaji (Iraqw) Commiphora mossambicensis Lowland Firewood ADE/OBE Ilenfula (Tongwe) Adenium obesum Low & Submontane Poison, ornamental ALB/PET Ilsangupesi (Maasai) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber EUP/TIR Inala (Sukuma) Euphorbia tirucalli Lowland Fence, graveyard, medicinal ACA/HOC Indewasi (Maasai) Acacia hockii Low & Submontane Firewood MIC/OBL Indisha (Maasai) Microglossa oblongifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MCR/KIL Inghaa (Chagga) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood VAN/INF Ingumi (Maasai) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood BRU/ANT Injani-­‐nyiro (Maasai) Brucea antidysenterica Lowland Medicinal, fuelwood, fence GNI/GLA Injaniomelok (Maasai) Gnidia glauca Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SNC/SYR Inyiri (Chagga) Senecio syringifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood LEO Inyunchwi (Nyaturu) Leonotis sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood LAN/BUC Ipongwe (Chagga) buchananii Lowland Medicinal TAB/JOH Irasha (Chagga) Tabernaemontana johnstonii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood JUL/GLO Irihu (Iraqw) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage GRC/VOL Iringiti (Chagga) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye CRO Irisa (Pare) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PRT/MAL Isambata (Pare) Pyrenacantha malvifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood

11

11 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes LNN/SCH Ishishina (Chagga) Lannea schweinfurthii Lowland Medicinal, Edible fruits COR/AVA Isibo-­‐la-­‐vaghosi (Pare) Cordia avalis Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal LNN/STU Isighe (Pare) Lannea stuhlmannii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood PHI/EXC Isile (Chagga) Philippia excelsa Submontane Medicinal, firewood FCL Isite (Bena) sp. Submontane High mountain ridges XRP/SPE Isumbi-­‐lya-­‐nguku (Nyamwezi) Xerophyta spekei Lowland Firewood, medicinal MIC/OBL Ithumbu (Pare) Microglossa oblongifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood COM/MOL Itlahumo (Iraqw) Commiphora mollis Lowland Firewood PLE/BAR Itolo (Chagga) Plectranthus barbatus Lowland Medicinal BRI/MIC Itsalmo (Iraqw) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood LEO/GOE Itungalulungo (Gogo) Leonotis goetzei Lowland Medicinal, firewood VAN/INF Ivili (Pogoro) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood TER/IVO Ivory Coast Almond (English) Terminalia ivorensis Lowland Exotic, ornamental, shade PHL/MAC Ivory palm (English) Phytelephas macrocarpa Lowland Exotic, ornamental LAN/KIR Ivungo (Pare) Landolphia kirkii Lowland Medicinal SAB/FLO Ivungo (Pare) Saba florida Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal OLI/USA Iwache (Chagga) Olinia usambarensis Low & submontane Medicinal TCH/ZEY Iwasha (Chagga) Trichodesma zeylanicum Low & submontane Medicinal CNN/CAM Japanese camphor (English) Cinnamomum camphora Submontane Exotic, medicinal DAL/NIT Jasamiti (Luo) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles JAS/STE Jasmin (English) Jasminum stenolobum Low & submontane Ornamental MNC/DEB Jembo (Nyaturu) Monechma debite Lowland Medicinal, firewood EUP/TIR Jung'ou (Kwere) Euphorbia tirucalli Lowland Fence, graveyard, medicinal LEO Junzwe (Nyaturu) Leonotis sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood CRC/TRI Kaala (Nyamwezi) Corchorus trilocularis Lowland Medicinal, firewood PHC/LEM Kabiranguruwe (Benda) Phyllocosmus lemaireanus Low & submontane Firewood DAL/NIT Kafenulampasu (Fipa) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles DAL/NIT Kafinulambasa (Nyamwezi) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles ZIZ/ABY Kagowole (Nyamwezi) Ziziphus abyssinica Lowland Edible fruits ZIZ/MUC Kagowole (Nyamwezi) Lowland Edible fruits GAL/SAX Kahawa mwitu (Chagga) Galiniera saxifraga Submontane Medicinal, firewood COF/CAM Kahawa pori (Swahili) Coffea canephora Low & submontane Exotic, agricultural COF/CLA Kahawa pori (Swahili) Coffea clavata Low & submontane Wild coffee COF/PSE Kahawa pori (Swahili) Coffea pseudo-­‐zanguebariae Low & submontane Wild coffee SER/ODO Kahawa-­‐mzitu (Shambaa) Sericanthe odoratissima Low & submontane Endemic to the Usambaras BUR/AFR Kaimbi (Fipa) Burkea africana Lowland Timber DEI/BOR Kajambalami (Matengo) Deinbollia borbonica Lowland Medicinal ALB/SCH Kalala (Hehe) Albizia schimperiana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry CRC/TRI Kalala (Nyaturu) Corchorus trilocularis Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/ROV Kalembe (Fipa) Acacia rovumae Lowland Firewood EUP/MAT Kalembonsi (Nyamwezi) Euphorbia matabelensis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental MAU/PAR Kalilalila (Nyamwezi) Maerua parvifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood DAL/NIT Kalongwe (Fipa) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles CRC/TRI Kalunguli (Nyaturu) Corchorus trilocularis Lowland Medicinal, firewood TER/TOR Kalunguti (Fipa) Terminalia torulosa Lowland Firewood, poles TER/SER Kamwamba (Fipa) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal JUS/MAT Kanakalayi (Matengo) Justicia matamensis Lowland Medicinal PAN/ENG Kangaga (Lugulu) Pandanus engleri Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, ornamental PAN/RAB Kangaga (Lugulu) Pandanus rabaiensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, ornamental PAN/STU Kangaga (Lugulu) Pandanus stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental FRI/OBO Kanjengunjengu (Matengo) Friesodielsia obovata Lowland Edible fruits SCB/RIO Kapande (Fipa) Schrebera koiloneura Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TIN/AET Kapande (Nyamwezi) Tinnea aethiopica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ERH/AFR Kapanga (Fipa) Erythrophleum africanum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BRH/FLO Kapepe (Fipa) Brachystegia floribunda Low & submontane Timber ALB/TAN Kapepele (Nyamwezi) Albizia tanganyikensis Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber SWA/MAD Kasanda (Fipa) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles

12 12 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes SWA/MAD Kasanda (Nyamwezi) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles AGA/SIS Katani (Swahili) Agave sisalana Lowland Exotic, agricultural ACA/BRE Katatula (Nyamwezi) Acacia brevispica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood ACA/PEN Katatula (Nyamwezi) Acacia pennata Low & Submontane Shade, firewood MNH/ESC Kayeva (Hehe) Manihot esculenta x glaviozii Lowland Exotic, agricultural MNH/ESC Kayeva (Nyamwezi) Manihot esculenta x glaviozii Lowland Exotic, agricultural MNH/GLA Kayeva (Nyamwezi) Manihot glaziovii Lowland Exotic, agricultural OCO/USA Kemfa (Chagga) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber OCO/USA Kemfa (Shambaa) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber ASP/MOS Khathathaumo (Iraqw) Aspilia mossambicensis Lowland Medicinal NES/HOL Khaviyanyika (Shambaa) Nesogordonia holtzii Low & submontane Timber, firewood STR/SPI Khoikoi (Iraqw) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal HYG/AUR Khonkomea (Nyaturu) Hygrophila auriculata Lowland Medicinal, vegetable ZNT/HOL Kibabe (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum holtzianum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/MIL Kibabe (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum mildbraedii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT/USA Kibabe (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum usambarense Submontane Medicinal, food, fuel wood EUP Kibalanga (Shambaa) Euphorbia sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood RIN/FER Kibandu (Shambaa) Rinorea ferruginea Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras SUR/LIT Kidimdim (Shambaa) Suregada lithoxyla Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental SUR/ZAN Kidimdim (Shambaa) Suregada zanzibarensis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental XYM/MON Kidimdim (Hehe) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber SWA/MAD Kiduha (Pogoro) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles SPA/NIL Kifabakazi, Mfabakazi (Swahili) Spathodea nilotica Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental DAS/LEP Kifua (Chagga) Dasylepis leptophylla Lowland Medicinal, firewood LON/CAP Kifunguta (Pogoro) Lonchocarpus capassa Low & submontane Ornamental FIC/STU Kigeni (Lugulu) Ficus stuhlmannii Low & submontane Shade, fruit MEM/BRE Kiguandi (Shambaa) Memecylon brenanii Low & submontane Medicinal DAS/INT Kigwande (Shambaa) Dasylepis integra Lowland Medicinal, firewood RAW/LUC Kigwande (Shambaa) lucida Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LON/ERI Kigwaya (Makonde) Lonchocarpus eriocalyx Lowland Medicinal, ornamental RHA/PRI Kihaga (Hehe) Rhamnus prinoides Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PHI/PAL Kihalagatu (Hehe) Philippia pallidiflora Submontane Medicinal, firewood HAP/INO Kihale (Lugulu) Haplocoelum inoploeum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LSD/USA Kihambasa (Luguru) Lasiodiscus usambarensis Submontane Firewood, poles DSP/AMA Kihambie (Shambaa) Diospyros amaniensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood DSP/NAT Kihambie (Shambaa) Diospyros natalensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/USA Kihambie (Shambaa) Diospyros usambarensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood DRP/USA Kihambie (Shambaa) Drypetes usambarica Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood PLT/OLI Kihambie (Shambaa) Polyalthia oliveri Lowland Ornamental, firewood PLT/STU Kihambie (Shambaa) Polyalthia stuhlmannii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood MAY/MOZ Kihongoro (Shambaa) Maytenus mozambicans Low & submontane Firewood ACA/NIL Kihore (Kurya) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood PAU/PAU Kihwaga (Hehe) Pauridiantha paucinervis Lowland Medicinal, firewood FUN/AFR Kiimbote (Bondei) Funtumia africana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FUN/AFR Kiimboti (Shambaa) Funtumia africana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FUN/ELA Kiimboti (Shambaa) Funtumia elastica Lowland Exotic, medicinal, firewood, rubber FUN/LAT Kiimboti (Shambaa) Funtumia latifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood HAP/INO Kijundejunde (Makonde) Haplocoelum inoploeum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood HAP/INO Kijute (Kwere) Haplocoelum inoploeum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LUM/RAC Kikandaa (Swahili) Lumnitzera racemosa Mangrove Medicinal, poles, woodfuel PLP Kikongo (Gogo) Polysphaeria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood DIC/CIN Kikulagembe (Lugulu) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal STR/SPI Kikumba (Matengo) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal PSY/PET Kikunga (Shambaa) Psychotria peteri Lowland Medicinal, firewood

13

13 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes TRC/PAL Kikwati (Lugulu) Tricalysia pallens Lowland Medicinal, firewood STC/JAM Kikwayakwaya (Swahili) Stachytarpheta jamaicensis Lowland Medicinal, vegetable BRI/MEL Kikwindire (Shambaa) Bridelia melanthesoides Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood LUM/RAC Kilalamba-­‐dume (Swahili) Lumnitzera racemosa Mangrove Medicinal, poles, woodfuel GAR/JOV Kilemandembwe (Hehe) Gardenia jovis-­‐tonantis Lowland Medicinal, firewood GAR/JOV Kilemerantombo (Shambaa) Gardenia jovis-­‐tonantis Lowland Medicinal, firewood AZI/TET Kilifu, Mkongofolia (Pare) Azima tetracantha Lowland Firewood GAR/TER Kilindila mgunda (Nyamwezi) Gardenia ternifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental SWA/MAD Kilonde (Fipa) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles PSY Kilongo (Chagga) Psychotria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood TEC/AMA Kilongolo (Shambaa) Teclea amaniensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras TEC/MES Kilongolo (Shambaa) Teclea mespiliformis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/NOB Kilongolo (Shambaa) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/SIM Kilongolo (Shambaa) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/TRI Kilongolo (Shambaa) Teclea trichocarpa Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal HEI/CRI Kimari (Shambaa) crinita Lowland Medicinal, firewood HEI/DEN Kimari (Shambaa) Heinsia densiflora Lowland Medicinal, firewood HEI/DIE Kimari (Shambaa) Heinsia diervilleoides Submontane Medicinal, firewood HEI/ZAN Kimari (Shambaa) Heinsia zanzibarica Lowland Medicinal, firewood HEN Kimari (Shambaa) Heinsenia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood HEN/DIE Kimari (Shambaa) Heinsenia diervilleoides Lowland Medicinal, firewood CMB/MOL Kimbala (Makonde) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CEL/AFR Kimungwe (Shambaa) africana Low & submontane Timber CEL/GER Kimungwe (Shambaa) Celtis gerrardii Low & submontane Firewood CEL/MIL Kimungwe (Shambaa) Celtis mildbraedii Low & submontane Firewood CEL/PHI Kimungwe (Shambaa) Celtis philippensis Low & submontane Firewood CEL/WIG Kimungwe (Shambaa) Celtis wightii Submontane Firewood CEL/ZEN Kimungwe (Shambaa) Celtis zenkeri Low & submontane Timber SLC/LEH Kimungwi (Shambaa) Salacia lehmbachii Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit SLC/LEP Kimungwi (Shambaa) Salacia leptoclada Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SLC/PYR Kimungwi (Shambaa) Salacia pyriformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SLC/STU Kimungwi (Shambaa) Salacia stuhlmanniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood TAB/PAC Kimwaga (Gogo) Tabernaemontana Submontane Medicinal, firewood pachysiphon PAU/HOL Kinarubo (Chagga) Pauridiantha holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood TAP/CIN Kindokoli (Hehe) Tapiphyllum cinerascens Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits RPN Kingongado (Pare) Rapanea sp. Low & submontane Timber CHR/MON Kinyava-­‐humba (Hehe) Chrysanthemoides monilifera Medicinal LON/BUS Kiombati (Pare) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal OSY/COM Kipaa-­‐atu (Iraqw) Osyris compressa Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCN/VIR Kipalapala (Makonde) Securinega virosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood LNN/STU Kipwipwi (Makonde) Lannea stuhlmannii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood RHU/PYR Kiraranyiti (Kurya) Rhus pyroides Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood OCH/HOL Kirasasa (Chagga) Ochna holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/NEG Kirowo (Chagga) Rytigynia neglecta Submontane Medicinal, firewood EUP/HET Kirumbi (Pare) Euphorbia heterochroma Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ORM/BIB Kirumbu (Shambaa) Ormocarpum bibracteatum Lowland Fodder, firewood EUP Kirungusimba (Shambaa) Euphorbia sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood APH/THE Kiseni (Matengo) theiformis Low & submontane Timber PHI/EXC Kisile (Chagga) Philippia excelsa Submontane Medicinal, firewood GRC Kisonge (Bena) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood DRP/GER Kiswampanda (Shambaa) Drypetes gerrardii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TOD/ASI Kitakula (Hehe) Toddalia asiatica Lowland Medicinal ACA/MLL Kiti (Maasai) Acacia mellifera Low & Submontane Firewood, beekeeping SCU/MYR Kitona (Hehe) Scutia myrtina Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit ROT/MAN Kitovutovo (Shambaa) Rothmannia manganjae Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye ROT/URC Kitovutovo (Shambaa) Rothmannia urcelliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye

14 14 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CRO/DIC Kitumbaku kidogo (Lugulu) Croton dichogamus Low & submontane Firewood RHU/VUL Kitumbi (Hehe) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood CRO/SYL Kitumbuku kikubwa (Lugulu) Croton sylvaticus Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, poles TRN/PAV Kitundu (Pare) Tarenna pavettoides Low & submontane Medicinal MUN/SER Kitupa (Lugulu) Mundulea sericea Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles ORM/KIR Kiumbu (Shambaa) Ormocarpum kirkii Low & submontane Fodder, firewood ORM/MUR Kiumbu (Shambaa) Ormocarpum muricatum Lowland Fodder, firewood HYG/AUR Kiusoma (Nyaturu) Hygrophila auriculata Lowland Medicinal, vegetable SND/GLA Kiuwi (Shambaa) Synadenium glaucescens Low & submontane Medicinal EKE/BEN Kivangadume (Hehe) Ekebergia benguelensis Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood VAN/API Kivireo (Chagga) Vangueria apiculata Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood GAR/JOV Kiwendembotama (Kwere) Gardenia jovis-­‐tonantis Lowland Medicinal, firewood RAU/VOL Kiwihongo (Gogo) Rauvolfia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PEM/ACI Kiyaya-­‐mbapwa (Swahili) Pemphis acidula Mangrove Medicinal ORM/KIR Klilumbulimbu (Lugulu) Ormocarpum kirkii Low & submontane Fodder, firewood DAL/LAC Koa (Shambaa) Dalbergia lactea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, ornamental PSC/STU Kogho (Shambaa) Polyscias stuhlmannii Low & submontane Timber, medicinal PSC/STU Kogo (Bondei) Polyscias stuhlmannii Low & submontane Timber, medicinal SCL/BIR Kokwaro (Matengo) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber COL/DIS Kola (Shambaa) Cola discoglypremnophylla Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal COL/GRE Kola (Shambaa) Cola greenwayi Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras COL/STE Kola (Shambaa) Cola stelecantha Lowland Medicinal COL/USA Kola (Shambaa) Cola usambarensis Submontane Endemic to the East Usambara COL/VER Kola (Shambaa) Cola verticillata Submontane Medicinal VPR/AMA Kolongolo (Shambaa) Vepris amaniensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood VPR/NOB Kolongolo (Shambaa) Vepris nobilis Lowland Medicinal, firewood VPR/SIM Kolongolo (Shambaa) Vepris simplicifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles VPR/STL Kolongolo (Shambaa) Vepris stoltzii Lowland Medicinal, firewood SAN/KIR Konge (Shambaa) Sansevieria kirkii Lowland Medicinal, firewood HRR/ABY Kucha la simba (Swahili) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood BRH/BOE Kufuria (Fipa) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber GRW Kulubwebwe (Hehe) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PSD/ARA Kumbo-­‐na-­‐nkulu (Nyaturu) Psiadia arabica Lowland Medicinal, firewood CYN Kumungwe (Shambaa) Cynometra sp. Lowland Medicinal HEX/MON Kungumali (Makonde) Hexalobus monopetalus Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits POU/ALF Kuti (Shambaa) Pouteria alfolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood ANI/ADO Kuti, Mkuti (Shambaa) Aningeria adolfi-­‐friedericii Submontane Near endemic BRI/MEL Kwima (Shambaa) Bridelia melanthesoides Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood TEC/SIM Kyari (Chagga) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal APH/THE Kyeembu (Chagga) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber HYM Laliyd (Iraqw) Hymenodictyon sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood XIM/CAF Lama (Maasai) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood EUP/NYI Langali (Lugulu) Euphorbia nyikae Lowland Medicinal, ornamental, fuel wood ZIZ/MUC Lango (Luo) Ziziphus mucronata Lowland Edible fruits CHA/LAW Lawson's cypress (English) Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental TRN/GRA Layudu (Luo) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LAN/PAR Libungu (Matengo) Landolphia parvifolia Lowland Medicinal STR/SPI Lidonga (Matengo) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/COC Lidongansanga (Matengo) Strychnos cocculoides Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood NEO/MIT Lidupala (Hehe) Neorautanenia mitis Low & submontane Insecticide BRY/PIN Life (English) Bryophyllum pinnatum Lowland Medicinal DRP Liganga (Bena) Drypetes sp. Low & submontane Medicinal FAU Lihaenge (Bena) Faurea sp. Low & submontane Poles, firewood LOB/GIB Lihale (Hehe) Lobelia giberroa Montane Medicinal, ornamental CYA/MAN Liheha (Hehe) Cyathea manniana Low & submontane Medicinal, poles NBT/MAC Lihewenga (Bena) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood CLC/ESC Lihimbi (Matengo) Colocasia esculenta Low & submontane Medicinal

15

15 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes IMP/SOD Lihulunga (Matengo) Impatiens sodenii Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental CRA/CRE Lihwindi (Matengo) Crassocephalum crepidioides Low & submontane Medicinal DIO Lijabujabu (Matengo) Dioscorea sp. Lowland Medicinal OPU Likhandida (Hehe) Opuntia sp. Lowland Exotic, ornamental MAY/ACU Limang'umbe (Chagga) Maytenus acuminata Submontane Firewood, tool handles STR/SPI Limbua (Matengo) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal NEO/MIT Limpumpu (Nyamwezi) Neorautanenia mitis Low & submontane Insecticide ANT/VEN Linene (Nyamwezi) Antidesma venosum Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits BRA/OLE Lingung'ange (Matengo) Brassica oleracea Lowland Medicinal, vegetable DRM/COR Linyolo (Matengo) Drymaria cordata Low & submontane Medicinal NBT/MAC Lipangala (Hehe) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood CUS/ARB Lipombogasi (Hehe) Cussonia arborea Low & submontane Medicinal MCR/KIL Liposoposo (Pogoro) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood DRP Lisaki (Bena) Drypetes sp. Low & submontane Medicinal FAG/ANG Lisongote (Kurya) Fagaropsis angolensis Low & submontane Timber, woodfuel ISO/LAC Litimbajimba (Matengo) Isoglossa lactea Low & submontane Medicinal STR/COC Litungawai (Matengo) Strychnos cocculoides Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood ACA Livindwe (Nyamwezi) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood BYR/ORI Liyenzi (Hehe) Byrsocarpus orientalis Lowland Medicinal, vegetable EMB/KIL Lodwaa (Maasai) Embelia kilimandscharica Submontane Medicinal EUP Lonzwe (Sukuma) Euphorbia sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood EMB/KIL Loodwa (Maasai) Embelia kilimandscharica Submontane Medicinal RPN Loodwa (Maasai) Rapanea sp. Low & submontane Timber NUX/CON Lopironi (Maasai) Nuxia congesta Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STT/CAU Lua-­‐lua (Shambaa) Streptocarpus caulescens Lowland Medicinal STT/GLA Lua-­‐lua (Shambaa) Streptocarpus Lowland Medicinal glandulosissimus GRC/VOL Lubatabata (Matengo) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye CAP/SEP Lubisu (Nyamwezi) Capparis sepiaria Lowland Medicinal, fodder CAP/TOM Lubisu (Sukuma) Capparis tomentosa Lowland Medicinal, fodder GLY/WIG Lugoigoi (Pogoro) Glycine wightii Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fodder DOD/VIS Luhahi (Hehe) Dodonaea viscosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood, hedge DOD/VIS Luhalu (Hehe) Dodonaea viscosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood, hedge LIP/JAV Luhongole (Gogo) Lippia javanica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood LIP/JAV Luhongole (Hehe) Lippia javanica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood LIP/UKA Luhongole (Hehe) Lippia ukambensis Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CRO/MEG Luhuha (Sukuma) Croton megalocarpus Low & submontane Firewood, ornamental LEU/LEU Lukina (Shambaa) Leucaena leucocephala Lowland Exotic, agroforestry CMM/IMB Lukolola (Matengo) Commelina imberbis Lowland Medicinal TOD/ASI Lunatwa (Hehe) Toddalia asiatica Lowland Medicinal DAL/NIT Lungwe (Matengo) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles TEC/TRI Lupembetsa (Hehe) Teclea trichocarpa Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal ALB/SCH Luruka (Chagga) Albizia schimperiana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry CAE/DEC Lutona (Hehe) Caesalpinia decapetala Low & submontane Exotic, fence PSY/PET Lutulengo (Shambaa) Psychotria peteri Lowland Medicinal, firewood CAP/SEP Luvisu (Nyamwezi) Capparis sepiaria Lowland Medicinal, fodder CAP/TOM Luvisu (Nyamwezi) Capparis tomentosa Lowland Medicinal, fodder RIC/COM Luwano (Nyaturu) Ricinus communis Lowland Exotic, medicinal CHT/ARI Luwaso (Maasai) Chaetacme aristata Lowland Medicinal, firewood CMB/COR Luzinga (Shambaa) Combretum coriifolium lowland Woodfuel GAL/COF Lwamusebele (Hehe) Galiniera coffeoides Submontane Medicinal, firewood TRF/DEK Lwelu (Hehe) Triumfetta dekindtiana Lowland Medicinal ACN/PUB Lwiche (Tongwe) Acanthus pubescens Submontane Medicinal MAU Lwito (Gogo) Maerua sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood GYR/AME M-­‐bawa (Shambaa) Gyrocarpus americanus Lowland Medicinal, firewood

16 16 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes TRN/GRA Ma-­‐aari (Iraqw) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood XIM/CAF Ma-­‐aayangu (Iraqw) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ARE/PIN Maale (Shambaa) Arenga pinnata Lowland Exotic, sugar palm SCB/TRI Machanjere (Makonde) Schrebera trichoclada Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STR/INN Madonga (Matengo) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal ALL/VOL Mafuo (Chagga) Allophylus volkensii Submontane Firewood SAM/SAM Mafura (Swahili) Samanea saman Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty SYZ/MAL Mafyoksi (Shambaa) Syzygium malaccensis Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, ornamental ENS/VEN Magao (Safwa) Ensete ventricosum Submontane Edible fruits, ornamental MCR/KIL Maghaa (Chagga) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood PEN/PUR Magugu (Pogoro) Pentas pururea Lowland Medicinal, firewood MSN/AFR Mahheli (Iraqw) Myrsine africana Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits MRT/HOL Mahusa (Matengo) Myrianthus holstii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, edible fruits ALB/BRA Maisiguru (Nyamwezi) Albizia brachycalyx Lowland Timber TCT/GRA Majanimapana (Shambaa) Tectona grandis Lowland Exotic, timber OZO/RET Makari (Iraqw) Ozoroa reticulata Low & submontane Medicinal, edible fruits SAN Makonje (Pare) Sansevieria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood LON/BUS Male (Sukuma) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal NYM/CAP Malebe, Maleve (Nyamwezi) Nymphaea capensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood NYM/LOT Malebe, Maleve (Nyamwezi) Nymphaea lotus Lowland Medicinal, firewood NYM/NOU Malebe, Maleve (Nyamwezi) Nymphaea nouchali Lowland Medicinal, firewood AFZ/QUA Mambu (Fipa) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber PAN/RAB Mampanda (Shambaa) Pandanus rabaiensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, ornamental PAN/STU Mampanda (Shambaa) Pandanus stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental VIG/UNG Mandala (Hehe) Vigna unguiculata Lowland Medicinal, food, agricultural MUL/CRA Mandikite (Matengo) Multidentia crassa Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ANN/SEN Mandopi (Matengo) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes FAD/ANC Manduguli (Matengo) Fadogia ancylantha Low & submontane Edible fruits SPO/CYT Mang'ongo (Shambaa) Spondias cythea Lowland Exotic, fruit HAG/ABY Manga (Chagga) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber BEG/MEY Mangholo (Chagga) Begonia meyeri-­‐johannis Lowland Medicinal, invasive, ornamental STR/INN Mangurungundu (Matengo) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal EUP/TIR Manyara (Kurya) Euphorbia tirucalli Lowland Fence, graveyard, medicinal MRK/OBT Mapapa (Nyaturu) obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles MUL Mapendo (Matengo) Multidentia sp. Lowland Edible fruits, firewood VAN/INF Mapendo (Matengo) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood FAG/ANG Marambit (Barabaig) Fagaropsis angolensis Low & submontane Timber, woodfuel BEG/MEY Mare (Chagga) Begonia meyeri-­‐johannis Lowland Medicinal, invasive, ornamental ELD/SCH Masongo (Kurya) Elaeodendron schlecterianum Low & submontane Medicinal SYZ/MAL Matofaa (Shambaa) Syzygium malaccensis Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, ornamental CMB/COL Matoti (Iraqw) Combretum collinum Low & submontane Woodfuel PDL/TIT Maua-­‐njoka (Swahili) Pedilanthus tithymaloides Lowland Exotic, medicinal OCO/USA Maungu (Chagga) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber LEP/BEN Mavya-­‐ga-­‐ntubili, Mavolo-­‐ga-­‐ Leptactina benguelensis Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits, ornamental ntubili (Nyamwezi) SLV/PER Mawaki (Makonde) Salvadora persica Lowland Chewing stick, firewood HRR/ABY Maweliganafunda (Pogoro) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood TCL/AFR Maya (Matengo) Treculia africana Low & submontane Edible , Timber BER/UGA Mayama (Gogo) Bersama ugandensis Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CAR/PAP Mbabayu (Nyaturu) Carica papaya Low & submontane Exotic, fruits BER/ABY Mbachamono (Bena) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CMB/MOL Mbadilo (Hehe) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CNR/SCH Mbafu (Gogo) Canarium schweinfurthii Lowland Resin HUR/CRE Mbaika (Shambaa) Hura crepitans Lowland Exotic ornamental, poisonous seeds ISB/SCH Mbaika (Shambaa) Isoberlinia scheffleri Low & submontane Timber, near endemic to the Usambaras ECL/NAT Mbajiru (Irangi) Euclea natalensis Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye

17

17 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes ANH/USA Mbala (Pogoro) Anthocleista usambarensis Low & submontane Medicinal CAS/BAT Mbalamba (Bena) Casearia battiscombei Low & submontane Timber BER/ABY Mbalamono (Matengo) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DEI/BOR Mbalamwaka (Makonde) Deinbollia borbonica Lowland Medicinal LON/CAP Mbale (Nyamwezi) Lonchocarpus capassa Low & submontane Ornamental CEL/ZEN Mbalubalu (Shambaa) Celtis zenkeri Low & submontane Timber ADN/GLO Mbalwa (Pare) globosa Lowland Medicinal BER/ABY Mbamba (Shambaa) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood PSB/ABY Mbamba (Shambaa) Pseudobersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, firewood TAB/VEN Mbamba (Matengo) Tabernaemontana ventricosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood COM/AFR Mbambaa (Shambaa) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin COM/LIN Mbambaa (Shambaa) Commiphora lindensis Lowland Firewood COM/PTE Mbambaa (Shambaa) Commiphora pteleifolia Low & submontane Firewood COM/ZAN Mbambaa (Shambaa) Commiphora zanzibarica Submontane Firewood COM/ZIM Mbambaa (Shambaa) Commiphora zimmermannii Lowland Firewood AFZ/QUA Mbambakafi (Makonde) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber AFZ/QUA Mbambakofi (Kwere) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber AFZ/QUA Mbambakofi (Shambaa) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber BOS/ELE Mbambara (Pare) elegans Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood OCH/SCH Mbandamu (Hehe) Ochna schweinfurthiana Lowland Medicinal, firewood PRC/ANG Mbanga (Fipa) Pericopsis angolensis Lowland Timber PRC/ANG Mbanga (Nyamwezi) Pericopsis angolensis Lowland Timber ALL/CAL Mbanguse (Shambaa) Allophylus calophyllus Lowland Firewood ALL/ABY Mbangwe (Shambaa) Allophylus abyssinicus Submontane Timber ALL/CAL Mbangwe (Shambaa) Allophylus calophyllus Lowland Firewood ALL/MEL Mbangwe (Shambaa) Allophylus melliodorus Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras ALL/RUB Mbangwe (Shambaa) Allophylus rubifolius Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras ALL/STA Mbangwe (Shambaa) Allophylus stachyanthus Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras ALL/ZIM Mbangwe (Shambaa) Allophylus zimmermannianus Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras OCH Mbangwe (Shambaa) Ochna sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood WID/NOD Mbani (Pogoro) Widdringtonia nodiflora Lowland Exotic, ornamental TRL/VER Mbani, Msandarusi (Swahili) Trachylobium verrucosum Lowland Medicinal, firewood, gum ODY/ZIM Mbanku (Shambaa) Odyendea zimmermannii Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras CRS/MAC Mbanza (Hehe) Carissa macrocarpa Low & submontane Fruits, medicinal, exotic MRK/OBT Mbapa (Sukuma) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles RUT/ORI Mbarakyo (Chagga) Rutidea orientalis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood RYT/SCH Mbarakyo (Chagga) Rytigynia schumannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ISB/SCH Mbarika (Shambaa) Isoberlinia scheffleri Low & submontane Timber, near endemic to the Usambaras BER/ABY Mbasamono (Hehe) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CAS Mbasamono (Pogoro) Casearia sp. Low & submontane Timber CAS/BAT Mbasamono (Pogoro) Casearia battiscombei Low & submontane Timber ACA/GER Mbata (Hehe) Acacia gerrardii Low & Submontane Firewood ACA/SEY/seyal Mbata (Hehe) Acacia seyal var. seyal Lowland Source of gum arabic BUS/MAS Mbatu (Nyamwezi) Bussea massaiensis Lowland Medicinal, fruits (seeds) TRG/BRE Mbawa (Shambaa) Tragia brevipes Lowland Medicinal, ornamental STR/INN Mbaya (Hehe) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal ACA/SEY/fistula Mbeba (Hehe) Acacia seyal var. fistula Lowland Source of gum arabic DIA/HOL Mbebete (Kwere) Dialium holtzii Lowland Medicinal BUS/MAS Mbefu (Gogo) Bussea massaiensis Lowland Medicinal, fruits (seeds) FIC/BEN Mbejamina (Swahili) Ficus benjamina Low & submontane Exotic, shade, ornamental VOA/LUT Mbelebele (Pare) Voacanga lutescens Lowland Medicinal, firewood VOA/OBT Mbelewele (Shambaa) Voacanga obtusa Lowland Medicinal, firewood MNS/DIA Mbentampunda (Shambaa) Mansonia diatomanthera Lowland Medicinal, firewood CHP Mberiberi (Bena) Chrysophyllum sp. Low & submontane Timber MNN/DIA Mbeta-­‐mpunda (Shambaa) Monsonia diatomanthera Lowland Medicinal, firewood BUS/MAS Mbetu (Fipa) Bussea massaiensis Lowland Medicinal, fruits (seeds)

18 18 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes SNP/ALT Mbibikiu (Swahili) Synaptolepis alternifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits OXG/SIN Mbigili (Nyaturu) Oxygonum sinuatum Lowland Medicinal, firewood TRI/TER Mbigili (Nyaturu) Tribulus terrestris Lowland Medicinal AVE/BIL Mbilimbi (Swahili) Averrhoa bilimbi Low & submontane Exotic, fruits ENT/ABY Mbilimbili (Pogoro) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood PHY/RET Mbimbiliji (Sukuma) Phyllanthus reticulatus Lowland Medicinal, firewood CLD/CAP Mbisilo (Chagga) Calodendron capense Low & submontane Timber MAY/ACU Mbivi (Chagga) Maytenus acuminata Submontane Firewood, tool handles GAL/COF Mbiwa (Chagga) Galiniera coffeoides Submontane Medicinal, firewood MAY/ACU Mbiwi (Chagga) Maytenus acuminata Submontane Firewood, tool handles ACA/MEA Mblakiwato (Hehe) Acacia mearnsii Submontane Exotic, firewood, tannin PLE Mbo (Pare) Plectranthus sp. Lowland Medicinal PIL/THO Mbogo (Fipa) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ENN/EXC Mbokoboka (Shambaa) Entandrophragma excelsum Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood COM/EDU Mbombwe (Shambaa) Commiphora edulis Lowland Firewood COM/EMI Mbombwe (Shambaa) Commiphora eminii Lowland Firewood CRO/MAC Mbona (Shambaa) Croton macrostachys Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal, shade BRH/BUS Mbonha (Lugulu) Brachystegia bussei Low & submontane Timber BRH/LON Mbonha (Gogo) Brachystegia longifolia Low & submontane Timber JAT/GOS Mbono (Shambaa) Jatropha gossypifolia Lowland Exotic, graveyard, biodiesel JAT/CUR Mbono kaburi (Swahili) Jatropha curcas Lowland Exotic, graveyard, biodiesel DSP/FIS Mbonto (Shambaa) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood LOV/SWY Mbonto (Shambaa) Lovoa swynnertonii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, timber ISO/CAN Mbonyati-­‐ngoshi (Shambaa) Isoglossa candelabrum Lowland Medicinal ISO/DIC Mbonyati-­‐ngoshi (Shambaa) Isoglossa dichotoma Lowland Medicinal PHY/ENG Mboromi (Nyaturu) Phyllanthus engleri Lowland Edible fruits BRI/SCL Mboya (Pogoro) Bridelia scleroneura Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood RAU/MOM Mbozamakii (Shambaa) Rauvolfia mombasiana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood HOL/FEB Mbozamichili (Shambaa) Holarrhena febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCB/TRI Mbudika, Mputika (Nyamwezi) Schrebera trichoclada Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CMB/API Mbukwe (Shambaa) Combretum apiculatum Low & submontane Woodfuel PRN/CUR Mbula (Fipa) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PRN/CUR Mbula (Nyamwezi) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PRN/EXC Mbula (Matengo) Parinari excelsa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood XYM/MON Mbuli (Hehe) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber LNN/SCM Mbuluzigi (Shambaa) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood APD/DIM Mbumanzuki (Gogo) Apodytes dimidiata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood APD/DIM Mbumanzuki (Hehe) Apodytes dimidiata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood APD/DIM Mbumanzuki (Kaguru) Apodytes dimidiata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CSP/MOL Mbumila (Hehe) Cassipourea mollis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood SAB/COM Mbungo (Swahili) Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal GRC/VOL Mbuni (Lugulu) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye COF/MON Mbuni mwitu (Swahili) Coffea mongensis Low & submontane Wild coffee OXY/SPE Mbuni-­‐mwitu (Shambaa) Oxyanthus speciosus Submontane Medicinal, firewood PRN/CUR Mbura (Swahili) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood XYM/MON Mburuu (Fipa) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber FIC/SYC Mbuyo (Nyamwezi) Ficus sycomorus Lowland Shade, Fruits FIC/VAL Mbuyo (Makonde) Ficus vallis-­‐choudae Lowland Shade ADA/DIG Mbuyu (Swahili) Adansonia digitata Lowland Food, fodder, rope, twine PIT/VIR Mbuzungo (Shambaa) Pittosporum viridiflorum Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ALL/ABY Mbuzuugr (Shambaa) Allophylus abyssinicus Submontane Timber DEI Mbwakabwaka (Shambaa) Deinbollia sp. Lowland Medicinal MCR/KIL Mbwawa (Bena) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood SCL/BIR Mbwegele (Hehe) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber CNT/CRA Mbwewe (Hehe) Canthium crassum Lowland Firewood LEC/FRA Mbwewe (Shambaa) Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LEC/VAU Mbwewe (Shambaa) Lecaniodiscus vaughaniae Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood

19

19 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes LEC/VAU Mbwewe (Shambaa) Lecaniodiscus vaughaniae Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TAB/HOL Mbwewe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana holstii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TAB/PAC Mbwewe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana Submontane Medicinal, firewood pachysiphon TAB/STA Mbwewe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana stapfiana Lowland Medicinal, firewood TAB/USA Mbwewe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood usambarensis TAB/VEN Mbwewe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana ventricosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood VOA/AFR Mbwewe (Shambaa) Voacanga africana Lowland Medicinal, firewood VOA/THO Mbwewe (Shambaa) Voacanga thouarsii Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALB/SCH Mchaa (Shambaa) Albizia schimperiana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry XYL/PAR Mchafu (Lugulu) Xylopia parviflora Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel SCB/ALA Mchai (Matengo) Schrebera alata Low & submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood MAL/OPP Mchakati (Swahili) Mallotus oppositifolius Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, poles ALB/PET Mchala (Shambaa) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber SPI/AFR Mchalaka (Zigua) Spirostachys africana Lowland Medicinal, poles ISB Mchanga (Makonde) Isoberlinia sp. Low & submontane Timber ACA/SEN Mchanganga (Kurya) Acacia senegal Lowland Source of gum arabic PTR/CHR Mchangau (Makonde) Pterocarpus chrysothrix Lowland Timber APD/DIM Mchanonya (Bena) Apodytes dimidiata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB/ADI Mchao (Shambaa) Albizia adianthifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood, poles SPI/AFR Mcharaka (Lugulu) Spirostachys africana Lowland Medicinal, poles APD/DIM Mchechela (Bena) Apodytes dimidiata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ORM/KIR Mchecheta (Kwere) Ormocarpum kirkii Low & submontane Fodder, firewood DSP/KIR Mchechewe (Pogoro) Diospyros kirkii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits DIC/GLO Mchelejembe (Zigua) Dichrostachys glomerata Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal TTR/BOI Mchelejembe (Zigua) Tetracera boiviniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRI/SCL Mchelenje (Makonde) Bridelia scleroneura Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BUR/AFR Mchenamila (Makonde) Burkea africana Lowland Timber VAN Mchengela (Pogoro) Vangueria sp. Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood FIC/NAT Mchengele (Pogoro) Ficus natalensis Low & submontane Shade RHU/LON Mchengele (Swahili) Rhus longipes Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood BRU/ANT Mchengeo (Chagga) Brucea antidysenterica Lowland Medicinal, fuelwood, fence ALB/GLA Mchenje (Zigua) Albizia glaberrima Low & submontane Timber CRP/FEB Mchenjela (Makonde) Crossopteryx febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood UAP/GUI Mchenza mwitu (Swahili) Uapaca guineensis Lowland Medicinal, timber ELA/GUI Mchikichi (Swahili) Elaeis guineense Lowland Exotic, agricultural OCH/MAC Mchimchim (Pogoro) Ochna macrocalyx Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRH/MIC Mchinji (Makonde) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber VIT/MOM Mchinka (Fipa) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood DOM/ROT Mchiu (Makonde) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood MND/GRA Mchofu (Swahili) Monodora grandidieri Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CNT/OLI Mchomangambako (Gogo) Canthium oligocarpum Lowland Firewood ACA/SIE Mchonda (Makonde) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood EUP/CUN Mchongoma (Swahili) Euphorbia cuneata Lowland Medicinal, ornamental FLA/IND Mchongoma (Shambaa) Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood MAY Mchongoma (Kwere) Maytenus sp. Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles PTH/DUL Mchongoma (Swahili) Pithecelobium dulce Lowland Exotic, hedge, edible fruits DAL/BOE Mchorochoro (Makonde) Dalbergia boehmii Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine SYZ/GUI Mchovozi (Gogo) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber AVI/MAR Mchu (Swahili) Avicenia marina Mangrove Medicinal, fuel wood, poles DOM Mchumbu (Makonde) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood CIT/SIN Mchungwa (Swahili) Citrus sinensis Lowland Exotic, fruit TER/SER Mchuya (Makonde) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal LOR/HIL Mchwele (Kwere) Loranthus hildebrandtii Low & submontane Medicinal DSP/FIS Mdaa (Makonde) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood

20 20 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes DSP/ZAM Mdaa (Lugulu) Diospyros zambensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood ECL/NAT Mdaa (Shambaa) Euclea natalensis Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye ECL/SCH Mdaa (Swahili) Euclea schimperi Lowland Medicinal, natural dye CNN/ZEI Mdaasini (Shambaa) Cinnamomum zeilanicum Lowland Exotic, agricultural spice RHA/PRI Mdadari (Shambaa) Rhamnus prinoides Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CEL/KRA Mdadawa (Chagga) Celtis kraussia Low & submontane Firewood TRM/GRA Mdagha (Shambaa) Trimeria grandifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DSP/FIS Mdaha (Kwere) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood DSP/FIS Mdaha (Makonde) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood MYR/SAL Mdaitsa (Hehe) Myrica salicifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TOD/ASI Mdakakomba (Swahili) Toddalia asiatica Lowland Medicinal CNN/ZEI Mdalasini (Shambaa) Cinnamomum zeilanicum Lowland Exotic, agricultural spice ZNT/MAR Mdalu (Nyamwezi) Zanthoxylum markeri Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood MAE/LAN Mdami (Shambaa) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood APH/THE Mdananda (Shambaa) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber XRD/STU Mdapanzuki (Hehe) Xeroderris stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, Medicinal ANN/SEN Mdape (Pogoro) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes XER/OBO Mdasha (Shambaa) Xeromphis obovata Lowland Firewood GRW/CON Mdati (Nyamwezi) Grewia conocarpa Lowland Edible fruits, firewood DLP/AFR Mdaula (Lugulu) Dialopsis africana Lowland Medicinal ZAN/AFR Mdaula (Shambaa) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit VAN/API Mdawa (Chagga) Vangueria apiculata Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood COR/SIN Mdawi (Gogo) Cordia sinensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit CSP/MAL Mdegepa (Hehe) Cassipourea malosana Submontane Timber, firewood PSC/FUL Mdeke (Hehe) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal COR/SIN Mdelela (Pare) Cordia sinensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit RYT/BAG Mdemano (Shambaa) Rytigynia bagshawei Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/BUG Mdemano (Shambaa) Rytigynia bugoyensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/FLA Mdemano (Shambaa) Rytigynia flavida Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras RYT/UHL Mdemano (Shambaa) Rytigynia uhligii Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR Mdendeo (Shambaa) Strychnos sp. Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/PAN Mdendero (Shambaa) Strychnos panganensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal DSP/WHY Mdengemsitu (Bena) Diospyros whyteana Lowland Medicinal, firewood RIN/ALB Mdiga (Shambaa) Rinorea albersii Lowland Medicinal, firewood RIN/ARB Mdiga (Shambaa) Rinorea arborea Lowland Medicinal, firewood RIN/FER Mdiga (Shambaa) Rinorea ferruginea Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras RIN/SQU Mdiga (Shambaa) Rinorea squamosa Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras RIN/ALB Mdimi-­‐mbago (Shambaa) Rinorea albersii Lowland Medicinal, firewood RIN/USA Mdimi-­‐mbago (Shambaa) Rinorea usambarensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood CIT/ARN Mdimu (Swahili) Citrus aurantifolia Lowland Exotic, fruit SUR/ZAN Mdimu msitu (Swahili) Suregada zanzibarensis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental TEC/NOB Mdimu mwitu (Bondei) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal SUR/LIT Mdimu-­‐pori Suregada lithoxyla Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental SUR/ZAN Mdimu-­‐pori (Lugulu) Suregada zanzibarensis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental HAG/ABY Mdobole (Hehe) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber BRE/SAL Mdoghoe (Shambaa) Breonadia salicina Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CRO Mdomongo (Pogoro) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STR/SPI Mdongadonga (Hehe) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/POT Mdongatonga (Makonde) Strychnos potatorum Lowland Medicinal TOD/ASI Mdongonyezi (Pare) Toddalia asiatica Lowland Medicinal DOV/CAF Mdovialisi (Swahili) Dovyalis caffra Low & submontane Edible fruits, fence, exotic BSC/COR Mdudu (Pare) Boscia coriacea Lowland Edible fruits MAU/TRI Mdudu (Lugulu) Maerua triphylla Low & submontane Ornamental, firewood MAU/TRI Mdudu (Shambaa) Maerua triphylla Low & submontane Ornamental, firewood RIT/ALB Mdudu (Lugulu) Ritchea albersii Lowland Medicinal, firewood BAL/AEG Mduguya (Hehe) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood EUP/GRA Mdulansongo (Nyamwezi) Euphorbia grantii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental

21

21 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes BEQ/NAT Mdulu (Shambaa) Bequaertiodendron natalense Low & submontane Medicinal ENL/NAT Mdulu (Swahili) Englerophytum natalense Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRC Mduma (Hehe) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood OSY/LAN Mdumula (Shambaa) Osyris lanceolata Lowland Medicinal, firewood LON/BUS Mdundu (Kwere) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal KIG/AFR Mdungwa (Nyamwezi) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal OSY/LAN Mdunula (Hehe) Osyris lanceolata Lowland Medicinal, firewood BEQ/NAT Mdunyuyu (Shambaa) Bequaertiodendron natalense Low & submontane Medicinal DOL/KIL Mdupa (Hehe) Dolichos kilimandscharicus Low & submontane Medicinal BEQ/NAT Mduyuyu (Shambaa) Bequaertiodendron natalense Low & submontane Medicinal TUR/ROB Mdwayu (Shambaa) Turraea robusta Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood VAN/LIN Mdyampofu (Shambaa) Vangueria linearisepala Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood XER/OBO Mdyasha (Shambaa) Xeromphis obovata Lowland Firewood DOM Mdyata (Shambaa) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood CLA/ANI Mdyavikali (Zigua) Clausena anisata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood EKE/BEN Mdzamati (Bena) Ekebergia benguelensis Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood CLA/ANI Meaiytlakwi (Iraqw) Clausena anisata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ACA/LAH Meleleki (Maasai) Acacia lahai Low & Submontane Firewood VIT/MOM Mfalali (Fipa) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood ART/HET Mfenesi (Swahili) Artocarpus heterophyllus Lowland Exotic, fruit TCL/AFR Mfenesi-­‐pori (Shambaa) Treculia africana Low & submontane Edible seeds, Timber DAL/NIT Mfifi (Sukuma) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles BSQ/PHO Mfilafila (Hehe) Bosqueia phoberos Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood GRC Mfilafila (Bena) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRC/VOL Mfilafila (Hehe) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye GRC/VOL Mfilafila (Shambaa) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye ALB Mfiligiri (Shambaa) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber BEI/KWE Mfimbo (Shambaa) Beilschmiedia kweo Low & submontane Timber DSP/MES Mfisha (Fipa) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STE/APP Mflune (Pogoro) Sterculia appendiculata Lowland Timber ALB/HAR Mfogho (Nyaturu) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber ALB Mfoghoo (Nyaturu) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber ALB/AMA Mfoghoo (Nyaturu) Albizia amara Low & submontane Timber BPH/STU Mfora (Gogo) Baphiopsis stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, firewood MRS/ALB Mforosadi (Swahili) Morus alba Low & submontane Exotic, edible fruits HAG/ABY Mfowono (Bena) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber EKE/BUC Mfuahi (Chagga) Ekebergia buchananii Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood ZNT Mfuakumbi (Bena) Zanthoxylum sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT/GIL Mfuakumbi (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood EKE/RUP Mfuare (Chagga) Ekebergia ruppeliana Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood DSP/FIS Mfubata (Nyamwezi) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood VIT/DON Mfudu (Matengo) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/IRI Mfudu (Hehe) Vitex iringensis Lowland Edible fruits, timber VIT/IRI Mfudu (Swahili) Vitex iringensis Lowland Edible fruits, timber GME/ARB Mfudufudu (Swahili) Gmelina arborea Lowland Exotic, shade, ornamental, timber VIT/DON Mfudwe (Matengo) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber ALB/ANT Mfueta (Shambaa) Albizia anthelmintica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood COR/AFR Mfufu (Shambaa) Cordia africana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry BLI Mfugutu (Pogoro) Blighia sp. Lowland Timber, shade FAU Mfuka (Bena) Faurea sp. Low & submontane Poles, firewood ACA/NIL Mfuku (Gogo) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood DOM/ROT Mfukululu (Pogoro) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood FAG/ANG Mfule (Chagga) Fagaropsis angolensis Low & submontane Timber, woodfuel ALB/ANT Mfuleta (Lugulu) Albizia anthelmintica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB/ANT Mfuleta (Shambaa) Albizia anthelmintica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CRO/DCT Mfulila (Pogoro) Croton dictyophlebodea Low & submontane Firewood OPI/CEL Mfulu (Gogo) Opilia celtidifolia Lowland Medicinal, vegetable

22 22 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes VIT/AMA Mfulu (Shambaa) Vitex amaniensis Low & submontane Fruits, near endemic to the Usambaras VIT/AMB Mfulu (Shambaa) Vitex amboniensis Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood VIT/DON Mfulu (Makonde) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/DON Mfulu (Pogoro) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/DON Mfulu (Shambaa) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/FER Mfulu (Shambaa) Vitex ferruginea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/IRI Mfulu (Hehe) Vitex iringensis Lowland Edible fruits, timber VIT/KEN Mfulu (Shambaa) Vitex keniensis Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, Timber, only planted in Amani and Lushoto VIT/STR Mfulu (Shambaa) Vitex strickeri Low & submontane Edible fruits, Firewood MLT/USM Mfulufulu (Pogoro) Millettia usambarensis Low & submontane Timber, shade ENT/ABY Mfumasimba (Bondei) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood CNT/PAR Mfumati (Hehe) Canthium parviflora Lowland Firewood PSC/FUL Mfumbati (Bena) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal KIG/AFR Mfumbi (Hehe) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal LON/BUS Mfumbii (Shambaa) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal LON/CAP Mfumbii (Shambaa) Lonchocarpus capassa Low & submontane Ornamental BRH/SPI Mfumbu (Nyaturu) Low & submontane Timber LEC/VAU Mfumbu (Shambaa) Lecaniodiscus vaughaniae Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CRS/EDU Mfumbwe (Hehe) Carissa edulis Low & submontane Fruits, medicinal BOM/RHO Mfume (Makonde) Bombax rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber CNT/PAR Mfumiate (Shambaa) Canthium parviflora Lowland Firewood ZEN/GRO Mfunda (Shambaa) Zenkerella grotei Lowland Medicinal, firewood PIL/THO Mfundua (Fipa) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental PIL/THO Mfundumbuga (Nyamwezi) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental STE/APP Mfune (Pare) Sterculia appendiculata Lowland Timber STE/APP Mfune (Shambaa) Sterculia appendiculata Lowland Timber PTE/MIL Mfune-­‐mzitu (Shambaa) Pterygota mildbraedii Lowland Medicinal, firewood TAR/CAM Mfungufugu (Pare) Tarchonanthus camphoratus Lowland Medicinal, firewood KIG/AFR Mfungwa (Pogoro) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal VIT/MOM Mfuntu (Fipa) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood PHY Mfupa (Nyamwezi) Phyllanthus sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood MEM Mfuranungu (Chagga) Memecylon sp. Low & submontane Medicinal VIT/AMA Mfuru (Shambaa) Vitex amaniensis Low & submontane Fruits, near endemic to the Usambaras VIT/AMB Mfuru (Shambaa) Vitex amboniensis Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood VIT/DON Mfuru (Kwere) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/DON Mfuru (Shambaa) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/FER Mfuru (Shambaa) Vitex ferruginea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber VIT/KEN Mfuru (Shambaa) Vitex keniensis Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, Timber, only planted in Amani and Lushoto VIT/STR Mfuru (Shambaa) Vitex strickeri Low & submontane Edible fruits, Firewood ALB/GUM Mfuruanje (Chagga) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber ALB/GUM Mfuruashi (Chagga) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber CRO/MAC Mfurufuru (Chagga) Croton macrostachys Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal, shade OLI/USA Mfurukwa (Chagga) Olinia usambarensis Low & submontane Medicinal SCH/VOL Mfuruma (Chagga) Schefflera volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MRT/ARB Mfusa (Gogo) Myrianthus arboreus Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood ENT/ABY Mfutanbula (Nyamwezi) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood MRT/ARB Mfutsa (Hehe) Myrianthus arboreus Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood VIT/DON Mfuu (Swahili) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber TER/SER Mfuuru (Nyaturu) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal MRT/HOL Mfuusa (Pogoro) Myrianthus holstii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, edible fruits PSO/FEB Mfwifwi (Hehe) Psorospermum febrifugum Lowland Medicinal, firewood PRU/SER Mfyoski (Shambaa) Prunus persica Submontane Edible fruits, agricultural, exotic ZIZ/PUB Mgagawe (Shambaa) Ziziphus pubescens Lowland Firewood

23

23 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MNL/DIS Mgama (Shambaa) Manilkara discolor Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MIM/KUM Mgama (Lugulu) Mimusops kummel Lowland Medicinal, firewood MIM/SCH Mgama (Makonde) Mimusops schliebenii Lowland Medicinal, firewood MIM/OBT Mgama (Swahili) Mimusops obtusifolia Lowland Fruit, firewood PRN/EXC Mgama (Pogoro) Parinari excelsa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood MNL/OBO Mgama, Mgambo (Swahili) Manilkara obovata Submontane Edible fruits, firewood ACA Mgamadume (Shambaa) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood BUR/AFR Mganda (Fipa) Burkea africana Lowland Timber PRN/EXC Mganda (Pare) Parinari excelsa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood ALB/ANN Mgando (Sukuma) Albizia antunesiana Lowland Timber BUR/AFR Mgando (Nyamwezi) Burkea africana Lowland Timber ERH/AFR Mgando (Nyamwezi) Erythrophleum africanum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB/ANN Mgandokagua (Nyamwezi) Albizia antunesiana Lowland Timber BRM/DIS Mgandu (Gogo) Berchemia discolor Low & submontane Timber, medicinal NUX/CON Mgandu (Shambaa) Nuxia congesta Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DRP Mganga (Bena) Drypetes sp. Low & submontane Medicinal ELA/GUI Mgazi (Ha) Elaeis guineense Lowland Exotic, agricultural PHC/LEM Mgeba (Mwera) Phyllocosmus lemaireanus Low & submontane Firewood MND Mgecha (Pogoro) Monodora sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood DIC/CIN Mgegele (Hehe) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal BRH/MIC Mgela (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber ENT/ABY Mgelagela (Hehe) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood BRH/BUS Mgelegele (Makonde) Brachystegia bussei Low & submontane Timber DAL/MEL Mgembe (Nyamwezi) Dalbergia melanoxylon Lowland Carvings, Woodfuel, timber FCL Mgemsi (Bena) Ficalhoa sp. Submontane High mountain ridges DRP Mgeregere (Gogo) Drypetes sp. Low & submontane Medicinal ACA/TOR Mghaa (Pare) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood MNL/DEN Mghambo (Shambaa) Manilkara densiflora Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MIM/KUM Mghambo (Shambaa) Mimusops kummel Lowland Medicinal, firewood MIM/MUL Mghambo (Shambaa) Mimusops multinervis Lowland Medicinal, firewood MIM/OBT Mghambo (Shambaa) Mimusops obtusifolia Lowland Fruit, firewood TRN/PAV Mghua-­‐shamba (Shambaa) Tarenna pavettoides Low & submontane Medicinal LNN/SCM Mghumbu (Nyaturu) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood TUR/ROB Mghwedameno (Shambaa) Turraea robusta Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood TER/STU Mgili (Nyamwezi) Terminalia stuhlmannii Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TIN/AET Mgimbu (Shambaa) Tinnea aethiopica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FER/APO Mginya (Nyamwezi) Feretia apodanthera Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood HYM/FLO Mginya (Nyamwezi) Hymenodictyon floribundum Lowland Medicinal, firewood HYM/PAR Mginya (Nyamwezi) Hymenodictyon parvifolium Lowland Medicinal, firewood OLE/AFR Mgiwe (Gogo) Olea africana Submontane Timber OLE/CAP Mgiwe (Hehe) Olea capensis ssp. Low & submontane Timber macrocarpa OLE/EUR Mgiwe (Hehe) Olea europea ssp. cuspidata Low & submontane Timber VIT/FIS Mgobe (Shambaa) Vitex fischeri Lowland Edible fruits, Timber CMB/OBO Mgobeko (Nyamwezi) Combretum obovatum Lowland Woodfuel GRC/BUC Mgobwe (Shambaa) Garcinia buchananii Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits NUX/CON Mgogo (Shambaa) Nuxia congesta Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FLA/IND Mgogola (Gogo) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood SCP/ZEY Mgogola (Bondei) Scolopia zeyheri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit SCP/ZEY Mgogola (Hehe) Scolopia zeyheri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit PHY/ENG Mgogondi (Nyamwezi) Phyllanthus engleri Lowland Edible fruits CNT/HIS Mgogonya (Shambaa) Canthium hispidum Lowland Firewood TRH/EME Mgoimazi (Shambaa) Trichilia emetica Lowland Timber, firewood, shade TRH/DRE Mgoimazi-­‐wa-­‐mzitui (Shambaa) Trichilia dregeana Low & submontane Timber, firewood DOV/GLA Mgola (Pogoro) Dovyalis glandulosissima Low & submontane Edible fruits, fence TRH/EME Mgolimatse (Gogo) Trichilia emetica Lowland Timber, firewood, shade LON Mgoma (Pogoro) Lonchocarpus sp. Lowland Medicinal, ornamental

24 24 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes COL Mgomangoma (Matengo) Cola sp. Submontane Medicinal MUS/SAP Mgomba (Pogoro) Musa sapientum Low & submontane Food, agricultural ENS/VEN Mgomba pori (Swahili) Ensete ventricosum Submontane Edible fruits, ornamental RPN Mgombegombe (Kwere) Rapanea sp. Low & submontane Timber UAP/NIT Mgombo (Makonde) Uapaca nitida Lowland Timber, Fruits, firewood CEL/MIL Mgomoka (Shambaa) Celtis mildbraedii Low & submontane Firewood CEL/AFR Mgomoko (Shambaa) Celtis africana Low & submontane Timber CEL/MIL Mgomoko (Shambaa) Celtis mildbraedii Low & submontane Firewood CEL/PHI Mgomoko (Shambaa) Celtis philippensis Low & submontane Firewood CEL/WIG Mgomoko (Shambaa) Celtis wightii Submontane Firewood TAP/FLO Mgondwi (Hehe) Tapiphyllum floribundum Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA Mgonganjiwa (Shambaa) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood CRP/FEB Mgongolokachuka (Pogoro) Crossopteryx febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood CLR/STU Mgongwa (Fipa) Clerodendrum stuhlmannii Lowland Fuelwood DSP/FIS Mgoto (Shambaa) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood CHI/BAT Mgove (Hehe) Chionanthus battiscombei Low & submontane Medicinal CMB/OBO Mgoveko (Nyamwezi) Combretum obovatum Lowland Woodfuel PTL/MYR Mgovu (Kwere) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber DAL/OBO Mgoweko (Lugulu) Dalbergia obovata Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine PTL/MYR Mgoya (Lugulu) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber STE/APP Mgude (Shambaa) Sterculia appendiculata Lowland Timber STE/APP Mgudegude (Pogoro) Sterculia appendiculata Lowland Timber ZIZ/PUB Mguguni (Shambaa) Ziziphus pubescens Lowland Firewood MNT/ADE Mguguti (Nyamwezi) Monotes adenophyllus Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRH/SPI Mguji (Gogo) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber CMB/GRA Mgukulama (Nyamwezi) Combretum grandifolium Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/PSI Mgukulama (Nyamwezi) Combretum psidioides Lowland Woodfuel ACA/ETB Mgulala (Pare) Acacia etbaica Lowland Firewood ANR/TOX Mgulele (Swahili) Antiaris toxicaria Low & submontane Timber, medicinal LON/BUS Mgulikanziwa (Gogo) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal UAP/KIR Mgulu (Gogo) Uapaca kirkiana Low & submontane Timber, Fruits, firewood VAN/TOM Mgulugai (Makonde) Vangueria tomentosa Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood BSC/SAL Mguluka (Lugulu) Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal BSC/SAL Mguluka (Shambaa) Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal BSC/SAL Mguluka Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal KGG/AFR Mgulukanziva (Hehe) Kiggelaria africana Lowland Medicinal, firewood LON/BUS Mgulukanziva (Hehe) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal LNN/HUM Mgulumo (Hehe) Lannea humilis Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LNN/SCM Mgulumo (Hehe) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood FIC/STU Mguma (Nyamwezi) Ficus stuhlmannii Low & submontane Shade, fruit STE/QUI Mguma (Nyamwezi) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber AFZ/QUA Mgumaguma (Pogoro) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber STE/QUI Mgumaguma (Pogoro) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber LNN/SCM Mgumbu (Fipa) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LNN/SCM Mgumbu (Nyamwezi) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ACA/MLL Mgunga (Shambaa) Acacia mellifera Low & Submontane Firewood, beekeeping ACA/POL Mgunga (Shambaa) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood ACA/POL Mgunga (Swahili) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood ACA/SIE Mgunga (Hehe) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood ACA/TOR Mgunga (Nyamwezi) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood ACA/SCH Mgunga-­‐kerefu (Shambaa) Acacia schweinfurthii Lowland Firewood ACA/ROB Mgunga-­‐mgelegele (Shambaa) Acacia robusta Lowland Firewood ACA/SEN Mgunga-­‐mluziluzi (Shambaa) Acacia senegal Lowland Source of gum arabic ACA/BRE Mgunga-­‐mshewa (Shambaa) Acacia brevispica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood ACA Mgungadume (Shambaa) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood ACA/NIL Mgungakhundu (Shambaa) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood CMB/MEL Mgunku (Shambaa) Combretum melchiorianum Lowland Woodfuel

25

25 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MLC/ALN Mguoguo (Shambaa) Malacantha alnifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BSC/SAL Mguruka (Kwere) Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal MAE/LAN Mguti (Hehe) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LON/ERI Mgutu (Luo) Lonchocarpus eriocalyx Lowland Medicinal, ornamental MRK/OBT Mguwoguo (Hehe) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles MLC Mgwala (Pogoro) Malacantha sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CRL/AFR Mgwata (Shambaa) Cordyla africana Lowland Timber ENC/HIL Mgwede (Swahili) Encephalartos hildebrandtii Lowland Edible fruits, ornamental STR/HET Mgwegwe (Nyamwezi) Strychnos heterodoxa Lowland Medicinal, firewood ANT/VEN Mgwejameno (Shambaa) Antidesma venosum Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits BRE/SAL Mgwina (Swahili) Breonadia salicina Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ACA Mhaama (Nyamwezi) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood MLT/DUR Mhafa (Shambaa) Millettia dura Lowland Timber, shade MLT/LAS Mhafa (Shambaa) Millettia lasiantha Lowland Timber, shade MLT/OBL Mhafa (Shambaa) Millettia oblata Lowland Timber, shade MLT/STU Mhafa (Shambaa) Millettia stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, shade MLT/USR Mhafa (Shambaa) Millettia usaramemnophylla Low & submontane Timber, shade MLT/LAS Mhafe (Shambaa) Millettia lasiantha Lowland Timber, shade MLT/OBL Mhafu (Pogoro) Millettia oblata Lowland Timber, shade SCB/TRI Mhagata (Gogo) Schrebera trichoclada Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood OLE/EUR Mhagati (Hehe) Olea europea ssp. cuspidata Low & submontane Timber OLE/EUR Mhagati (Shambaa) Olea europea ssp.uspidata c Low & submontane Timber PRE/CHR Mhaha (Shambaa) Premna chrysoclada Lowland Medicinal, firewood, near endemic to the Usambaras AGR/SAL Mhahana (Chagga) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood OCO/USA Mhakatapungu (Matengo) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber PHI/PAL Mhalagatu (Hehe) Philippia pallidiflora Submontane Medicinal, firewood KOT/AES Mhalahatu, Mwetetsi (Hehe) Kotschya aeschynomenoides Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood KOT/CAP Mhalahatu, Mwetetsi (Hehe) Kotschya capitulifera Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood HAP/FOL Mhale (Shambaa) Haplocoelum foliolosum Submontane Medicinal, firewood HAP/INO Mhale (Shambaa) Haplocoelum inoploeum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood HAP/INO Mhale (Shambaa) Haplocoelum inoploeum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DOD/VIS Mhali (Gogo) Dodonaea viscosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood, hedge CMB/GOE Mhama (Pare) Combretum goetzei Low & submontane Woodfuel DSP/SQU Mhambaswa (Bondei) Diospyros squarrosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood MLT/USA Mhamvi (Lugulu) Millettia usaramensis Low & submontane Timber, shade, firewood ERT/EMA Mhanda-­‐kigha (Shambaa) Erythroxylum emarginatum Lowland Medicinal, firewood ERT/FIS Mhanda-­‐kigha (Shambaa) Erythroxylum fischeri Submontane Medicinal, firewood STR/PUN Mhandagi (Nyamwezi) Strychnos pungens Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal ANG/BRA Mhande (Shambaa) Angylocalyx braunii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, Medicinal CRB/BRE Mhande (Shambaa) Craibia brevicaudata Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras CRB/BRO Mhande (Shambaa) Craibia brownii Submontane Medicinal, firewood CRB/ZIM Mhande (Shambaa) Craibia zimmermannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SCO/FIS Mhande (Bondei) Scorodophloeus fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, near endemic to the Usambaras SCO/FIS Mhande (Lugulu) Scorodophloeus fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, near endemic to the Usambaras SCO/FIS Mhande (Shambaa) Scorodophloeus fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, near endemic to the Usambaras STS/KUN Mhande (Shambaa) Stereospermum kunthianum Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal BRH/MIC Mhangaa (Shambaa) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber ZEN/EGR Mhangaa-­‐mdodo (Shambaa) Zenkerella egregia Lowland Medicinal, firewood ZEN/GRO Mhangaa-­‐mdodo (Shambaa) Zenkerella grotei Lowland Medicinal, firewood JUL/GLO Mhangala (Shambaa) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage JUL/MAG Mhangala (Shambaa) Julbernardia magnistipulata Low & submontane Timber, near endemic to the Usambaras

26 26 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes EUP/CAN Mhangali (Gogo) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ZNT/GIL Mhangana (Gogo) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood BER/ABY Mhangati (Kurya) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood OLE/CAP Mhangati (Hehe) Olea capensis ssp. Low & submontane Timber macrocarpa ILE/MIT Mhangavya (Hehe) Ilex mitis Lowland Medicinal, firewood ILE/MIT Mhangavya (Shambaa) Ilex mitis Lowland Medicinal, firewood CRO/SCH Mhangusawana (Shambaa) Croton scheffleri Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CMB/ZEY Mhanyati (Nyaturu) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal CAN/ODO Mhapi (Pogoro) Cananga odorata Lowland Exotic, ornamental HAP/INO Mhare (Shambaa) Haplocoelum inoploeum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SAP/SAP Mharita (Swahili) Sapindus saponaria Lowland Medicinal, shade, soap, exotic NEW/BUC Mhashita (Pare) Newtonia buchanani Submontane Timber, firewood MIC/OBL Mhasu (Shambaa) Microglossa oblongifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood OCO/USA Mhati (Pogoro) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber CHP/GOR Mhebeti (Safwa) Chrysophyllum gorungosanum Submontane Timber BUR/AFR Mhekela (Pogoro) Burkea africana Lowland Timber ECL/NAT Mhekele (Hehe) Euclea natalensis Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye GNI/GLA Mhekele (Matengo) Gnidia glauca Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PSO/FEB Mhelahela (Shambaa) Psorospermum febrifugum Lowland Medicinal, firewood STE/QUI Mhembeti (Shambaa) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber STE/QUI Mhemeheme (Nyaturu) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber ERY/ABY Mhemi (Gogo) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental DSP/MES Mhena (Shambaa) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CLU/ABY Mhende (Shambaa) Clutia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal BRI/MIC Mhengele (Pare) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood SCB/ALA Mhengola (Shambaa) Schrebera alata Low & submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood FAU/ROC Mhenyi (Hehe) Faurea rochetiana Low & submontane Poles, firewood FAU/SAL Mhenyi (Hehe) Faurea saligna Low & submontane Poles, firewood FAU/SPE Mhenyi (Hehe) Faurea speciosa Low & submontane Poles, firewood MAE/LAN Mhenyi (Gogo) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PRO/KIL Mhenyi (Bena) Protea kilimandscharica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PRO/RUB Mhenyi (Hehe) Protea rubrobracteata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MSP/EMI Mhesi (Shambaa) Maesopsis eminii Low & Submontane Timber, invasive in the East Usambara DIA/HOL Mhetee (Shambaa) Dialium holtzii Lowland Medicinal DLM/HOL Mhetele (Shambaa) Dalium holtzii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood, fruits OCO/USA Mheti (Bena) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber OCO/USA Mheti (Hehe) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber PRO/MAD Mhewa (Matengo) Protea madiensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PRO/URU Mhewa (Matengo) Protea urundinensis Submontane Medicinal, firewood RPN/MEL Mhewa (Matengo) Low & submontane Timber GRC/VOL Mhido (Matengo) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye PVT/SCH Mhihyavana (Nyamwezi) Pavetta schumanniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood ANT Mhikihiki (Makonde) Antidesma sp. Low & submontane Medicinal SYZ Mhikiti (Bena) Syzygium sp. Lowland Edible fruits FLA/IND Mhilipili (Matengo) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood PTR/ANG Mhinga (Fipa) Pterocarpus angolensis Lowland Timber BSC/PAR Mhingia (Nyaturu) Boscia parviflora Lowland Edible fruits DAL/MEL Mhingo (Pare) Dalbergia melanoxylon Lowland Carvings, Woodfuel, timber DAL/MEL Mhingo (Shambaa) Dalbergia melanoxylon Lowland Carvings, Woodfuel, timber APH/THE Mhinja (Chagga) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber POR/PEN Mhoezantunda (Shambaa) Porterandia penduliflora Lowland Medicinal, firewood ANT Mhokolo (Makonde) Antidesma sp. Low & submontane Medicinal PTL/MYR Mholo (Pogoro) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber GRC/HUI Mholoholo (Matengo) Garcinia huillensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits CNT/CAP Mhomagambaku (Shambaa) Canthium captum Lowland Firewood

27

27 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CNT/CAP Mhomang'ambuku (Hehe) Canthium captum Lowland Firewood HEE/RET Mhombe (Shambaa) Heeria reticulata Lowland Medicinal, firewood ORM/KIR Mhombo (Zigua) Ormocarpum kirkii Low & submontane Fodder, firewood ROU/ORI Mhombo (Swahili) Rourea orientalis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, vegetable ZNT/GIL Mhombo (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/GIL Mhombo (Zigua) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food,fuel wood ZNT/DER Mhombo-­‐kibabe (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum deremense Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/HOL Mhombo-­‐muungu (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum holtzianum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/MIL Mhombo-­‐muungu (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum mildbraedii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT/USA Mhombo-­‐muungu (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum usambarense Submontane Medicinal, food, fuel wood NBT/MAC Mhondogogo (Shambaa) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood BRH/BUS Mhongola (Fipa) Brachystegia bussei Low & submontane Timber MYS/AET Mhonjoti (Bena) Mystroxylon aethiopicum Lowland Medicinal, firewood PRE/CHR Mhosanyoya (Shambaa) Premna chrysoclada Lowland Medicinal, firewood, near endemic to the Usambaras PRE/SCH Mhosanyoya (Shambaa) Premna schliebenii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras HIP Mhozohozo (Shambaa) Hippocratea sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood STE/MHO Mhozya (Nyamwezi) Sterculia mhosya Lowland Medicinal, firewood DAL/BOE Mhuga (Shambaa) Dalbergia boehmii Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine DAL/NIT Mhuga (Shambaa) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles DAL/BOE Mhugi (Shambaa) Dalbergia boehmii Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine SYZ/COR Mhugu (Matengo) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits RHU/NAT Mhugulu (Shambaa) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood BRC/HUT Mhugwe (Shambaa) Brachylaena hutchinsii Lowland Timber TER/SAM Mhugweluala (Shambaa) Terminalia sambesiaca Lowland Timber, Woodfuel HLL/LUC Mhuka (Hehe) Halleria lucida Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VIT/DON Mhulu (Sukuma) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber CAT/EDU Mhuluti (Bena) Catha edulis Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal SEN/SIN Mhumba (Shambaa) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits SEN/SIN Mhumba (Gogo) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits MSP/EMI Mhumula (Haya) Maesopsis eminii Low & Submontane Timber, invasive in the East Usambara ZNT/CHA Mhunngu (Lugulu) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ACA/ROB Mhusi (Nyamwezi) Acacia robusta Lowland Firewood ACA/USA Mhusi (Nyamwezi) Acacia usambarensis Lowland Firewood ROT/MAN Mhuuzi (Shambaa) Rothmannia manganjae Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye ROT/URC Mhuuzi (Shambaa) Rothmannia urcelliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye XYM/MON Mhwala (Gogo) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber NBT/MAC Mhweve (Pogoro) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood SYN/CER Mhyohoyo (Bondei) Synsepalum cerasiferum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits CNR/SCH Mibani (Sukuma) Canarium schweinfurthii Lowland Resin SCR/LON Miguruka (Makonde) Securidaca longipedunculata Lowland Medicinal, firewood SOR Miindimira (Pogoro) Sorindeia sp. Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal FIC/SUR Milola (Matengo) Ficus sur Low & submontane Shade AFZ/QUA Milpa (Nyaturu) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber ECL Minigithi (Gorowa) Euclea sp. Lowland Medicinal, natural dye BRH/BOE Miombo (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber ISB/GLO Miombo (Shambaa) Isoberlinia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage JUN/PRO Mirangati (Shambaa) Juniperus procera Submontane Timber, medicinal VIT/FIS Misogang'holo (Sukuma) Vitex fischeri Lowland Edible fruits, Timber ACA/MEA Miwati (Chagga) Acacia mearnsii Submontane Exotic, firewood, tannin ACA/MEA Miwati (Pare) Acacia mearnsii Submontane Exotic, firewood, tannin XLT/TET Mjabu (Makonde) Xylotheca tettensis Lowland Medicinal, woodfuel, ornamental ZNT/CHA Mjafari (Swahili) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/HOL Mjafari (Swahili) Zanthoxylum holtzianum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood JAC/MIM Mjakaranda (Swahili) Jacaranda mimosifolia Low & submontane Exotic, timber, ornamental CEL/DUR Mjambegha (Shambaa) Celtis durandii Low & submontane Firewood CEL/GOM Mjambegha (Shambaa) Celtis gomphophylla Low & submontane Firewood

28 28 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CEL/WIG Mjambegha (Shambaa) Celtis wightii Submontane Firewood JAM/JAM Mjambosa, Mjamini (Swahili) Jambosa jambos Lowland Exotic, fruits, ornamental ALB/HAR Mjande (Makonde) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber CLA/ANI Mjavikali (Shambaa) Clausena anisata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood FAI/ALB Mjehe (Bena) Faidherbia albida Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry SWA/MAD Mjelajela (Makonde) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles ERH/AFR Mjembe (Makonde) Erythrophleum africanum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TER/SPI Mjengasiku (Kwere) Terminalia spinosa Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal EKE/CAP Mjengaua (Kwere) Ekebergia capensis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood SEN/SIA Mjoholo (Shambaa) Senna siamea Lowland Exotic, ornamental, fuel SEN/SPE Mjoholo-­‐lua (Shambaa) Senna spectabilis Lowland Exotic, ornamental, fuel SEN/SIA Mjohoro, Msonobali (Swahili) Senna siamea Lowland Exotic, ornamental, fuel KIG/PIN Mjongoo (Makonde) Kigelia pinnata Lowland Medicinal ALC/COR Mjulusi (Gogo) Alchornea cordifolia Low & submontane Medicinal LUM/RAC Mkaa-­‐pwani (Swahili) Lumnitzera racemosa Mangrove Medicinal, poles, woodfuel EUG/CAP Mkaaga (Swahili) Eugenia capensis Lowland Spices, medicinal, firewood OZO/INS Mkaakaa (Shambaa) Ozoroa insignis Lowland Medicinal, edible fruits BAP/KIR Mkaakanga (Shambaa) Baphia kirkii Lowland Timber, Near endemic to the Usambaras ALS/SCH Mkaangambeyu (Shambaa) Alsodeiopsis schumannii Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, fruit SWA/MAD Mkababu (Nyaturu) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles JAT/GOS Mkabui (Shambaa) Jatropha gossypifolia Lowland Exotic, graveyard, biodiesel CLT/PRO Mkaburi (Pare) Calotropis procera Lowland Medicinal, ornamenta PLU/RUB Mkaburi (Swahili) Plumeria rubra Low & Submontane Exotic, ornamental SND/GRA Mkaburi-­‐njano (Swahili) Synadenium grantii Low & submontane Ornamental, medicinal THE/PER Mkaburi-­‐njano (Swahili) Thevetia peruviana Lowland Exotic, ornamental MAC/TET Mkadamia (Swahili) Macadamia tetraphylla Low & submontane Exotic, agricultural MNT/AFR Mkagati (Makonde) Monotes africana Lowland Medicinal, firewood COF/CAM Mkahawa Coffea canephora Low & submontane Exotic, agricultural COF/ROB Mkahawa (Swahili) Coffea robusta Low & submontane Exotic, agricultural PAU/PAU Mkahawa mwitu (Shambaa) Pauridiantha paucinervis Lowland Medicinal, firewood TRC/OVA Mkahawa-­‐pori (Lugulu) Tricalysia ovalifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/NEG Mkakama (Chagga) Rytigynia neglecta Submontane Medicinal, firewood DEL/REG Mkakaya (Swahili) Delonix regia Lowland Exotic, ornamental DSP Mkala (Makonde) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood HEE/RET Mkala (Makonde) Heeria reticulata Lowland Medicinal, firewood CRS/EDU Mkalakala (Shambaa) Carissa edulis Low & submontane Fruits, medicinal HEE/RET Mkalakala (Nyamwezi) Heeria reticulata Lowland Medicinal, firewood OZO/INS Mkalakala (Nyamwezi) Ozoroa insignis Lowland Medicinal, edible fruits ALB/PET Mkalala (Hehe) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber ERY/ABY Mkalalwanhuva (Nyamwezi) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental TAR/CAM Mkalambati (Kwere) Tarchonanthus camphoratus Lowland Medicinal, firewood CNT/HUI Mkalanga (Hehe) Canthium huillense Lowland Firewood CAS Mkalanga (Pogoro) Casearia sp. Low & submontane Timber CAT/EDU Mkalanga (Matengo) Catha edulis Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal BUR/AFR Mkalati (Makonde) Burkea africana Lowland Timber BUR/AFR Mkalati (Pogoro) Burkea africana Lowland Timber ACL/GOD Mkalifa (Swahili) Acalypha godseffiana Lowland Exotic, ornamental ACL/NEP Mkalifa (Swahili) Acalypha neptunica Lowland Ornamental ACL/ORN Mkalifa (Swahili) Acalypha ornata Lowland Ornamental ACL/WIL Mkalifa (Swahili) Acalypha wilkesiana Lowland Exotic, ornamental FLA/IND Mkalifumbula (Pogoro) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood ENN Mkalikali (Bena) Entandrophragma sp. Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood CAL/SPE Mkalistema (Swahili) Callistemon speciosus Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental ALL/CAL Mkalwe (Pogoro) Allophylus calophyllus Lowland Firewood DLP/AFR Mkalya (Nyamwezi) Dialopsis africana Lowland Medicinal ZAN/AFR Mkalya (Nyamwezi) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit

29

29 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes OCH/HOL Mkamachuma (Lugulu) Ochna holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood COR/SEB Mkamasi (Swahili) Cordia sebestina Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental, firewood COR/SIN Mkamasi (Shambaa) Cordia sinensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit COR/TOR Mkamasi (Swahili) Cordia torrei Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/NIG Mkambala (Shambaa) Acacia nigrescens Low & Submontane Firewood, carving CRS/EDU Mkambuku (Lugulu) Carissa edulis Low & submontane Fruits, medicinal CNN/CAM Mkamfa wa Japani (Swahili) Cinnamomum camphora Submontane Exotic, medicinal RAP/FAR Mkamilila (Nyamwezi) Raphia farinifera Lowland Ornamental, edible oil(fruits) CPS/TAG Mkandaa mwekundu (Swahili) Ceriops tagal Mangrove Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, dye WAL/IND Mkandagasi (Hehe) Waltheria indica Lowland Medicinal PSO/FEB Mkandandogoe (Shambaa) Psorospermum febrifugum Lowland Medicinal, firewood ANT Mkandekande (Kwere) Antidesma sp. Low & submontane Medicinal ANT Mkandekande (Pogoro) Antidesma sp. Low & submontane Medicinal CYN/BRA Mkanga (Shambaa) Cynometra brachyrrhachis Lowland Medicinal, firewood CYN/ENG Mkanga (Shambaa) Cynometra engleri Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood CYN/LON Mkanga (Shambaa) Cynometra longipedicellata Lowland Medicinal, firewood CYN/WEB Mkanga (Shambaa) Cynometra webberi Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood STR/HEN Mkangala (Shambaa) Strychnos henningsii Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/PAN Mkangala (Shambaa) Strychnos panganensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal EHR/CYM Mkangalanyabu (Hehe) Ehretia cymosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CMB/MOL Mkangalashinkoji (Pogoro) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel BER/ABY Mkangalaundi (Pogoro) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood BRH/BUS Mkangaleo (Fipa) Brachystegia bussei Low & submontane Timber TAB/VEN Mkangalia (Matengo) Tabernaemontana ventricosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood RCN/RAU Mkanganaugu (Makonde) Ricinodendron rautenenii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruit DOM Mkangatovo (Hehe) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/ROT Mkangatovo (Hehe) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood DOM/ROT Mkangatowo (Hehe) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood KHA/ANT Mkangazi (Shambaa) Khaya anthotheca Lowland Timber ALK/ULU Mkani (Gogo) Allanblackia ulugurensis Submontane Edible oil ALK/STU Mkanye (Shambaa) Allanblackia stuhlmannii Submontane Edible oil SYZ/ARO Mkarafuu (Swahili) Syzygium aromaticum Lowland Exotic, Spices, agricultural BAP/KIR Mkarakanga (Shambaa) Baphia kirkii Lowland Timber, Near endemic to the Usambaras BRC/HUT Mkarambati (Swahili) Brachylaena hutchinsii Lowland Timber ALS/USA Mkaranga-­‐mwitu (Shambaa) Alsodeiopsis usambarensis Low & submontane Medicinal ALS/SCH Mkarangamwitu (Swahili) Alsodeiopsis schumannii Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, fruit BRI/MIC Mkarati (Swahili) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BUR/AFR Mkarati (Nyamwezi) Burkea africana Lowland Timber ERH Mkarati (Bena) Erythrophleum sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ERH/GUI Mkarati (Shambaa) Erythrophleum guineense Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRN/NIG Mkarati (Lugulu) Tarenna nigrescens Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRE/ROB Mkarela (Shambaa) Grevillea robusta Low & submontane Exotic, timber CRM/CIT Mkaritusi (Swahili) Corymbia citriodora Low & submontane Exotic, timber, essential oil CRM/MAC Mkaritusi (Swahili) Corymbia maculata Low & submontane Exotic, timber, essential oil EUC/CAM Mkaritusi (Swahili) camaldulensis Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/CLO Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus cloezina Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/DRE Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus drepanophylla Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/FIC Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus ficifolia Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/GLO Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus globulus Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/GRA Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus grandis Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/MAC Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus maculata Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/MAI Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus maidenii Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/PAN Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus paniculata Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/PEL Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus pellita Low & submontane Exotic, timber

30 30 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes EUC/ROB Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus robusta Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/SAL Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus saligna Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/SID Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus sideroxylon Low & submontane Exotic, timber EUC/TER Mkaritusi (Swahili) Eucalyptus terreticornis Low & submontane Exotic, timber CMB/SCH Mkatakorongo (Lugulu) Combretum schumannii Lowland Woodfuel, timber BRK/BUS Mkatakwa (Shambaa) Brackenridgea bussei Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRK/ZAN Mkatakwa (Shambaa) Brackenridgea zanguebarica Lowland Medicinal, firewood OCH Mkatakwa (Shambaa) Ochna sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood COL/CLA Mkavi (Shambaa) Cola clavata Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal BRR/RAC Mkavukavu (Bondei) Barringtonia racemosa Lowland Timber, medicinal HEE/RET Mkawachuwa (Gogo) Heeria reticulata Lowland Medicinal, firewood BLI Mkayange (Pogoro) Blighia sp. Lowland Timber, shade DSP/MES Mkea kiindi (Shambaa) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PSY/RIP Mkea-­‐mpindi (Shambaa) Psychotria riparia Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/ABY Mkeakiindi (Shambaa) Diospyros abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, firewood, timber DSP/KAB Mkeakiindi (Shambaa) Diospyros kabuyeana Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood DSP/OCC Mkeakiindi (Shambaa) Diospyros occulta Lowland Medicinal, firewood PHY/INF Mkeche (Shambaa) Phyllanthus inflatus Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRW/MON Mkelekele (Makonde) Grewia monticola Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood TER/TOR Mkelenge (Fipa) Terminalia torulosa Lowland Firewood, poles TER/TOR Mkelenge (Nyamwezi) Terminalia torulosa Lowland Firewood, poles MLT/DUR Mkelewele (Shambaa) Millettia dura Lowland Timber, shade MLT/OBL Mkelewele (Shambaa) Millettia oblata Lowland Timber, shade BRM/DIS Mkelienge (Makonde) Berchemia discolor Low & submontane Timber, medicinal UVR/GOR Mkenene (Shambaa) Uvariodendron gorgonis Lowland Medicinal, firewood UVR/KIR Mkenene (Shambaa) Uvariodendron kirkii Lowland Medicinal, firewood UVR/OLI Mkenene (Shambaa) Uvariodendron oligocarpum Submontane Endemic to the Usambaras UVR/PYC Mkenene (Shambaa) Uvariodendron pycnophyllum Lowland Medicinal, firewood UVR/USA Mkenene (Shambaa) Uvariodendron usambarense Lowland Medicinal, firewood PCR/SCH Mkenene (Luguru) (Shambaa) Polyceratocarpus scheffleri Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood, catchment DOD/VIS Mkeneta (Swahili) Dodonaea viscosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood, hedge ALB/GUM Mkenge (Lugulu) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber ALB/LEB Mkenge (Swahili) Albizia lebbeck Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty ALB/PET Mkenge (Lugulu) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber ALB/ZIM Mkenge (Shambaa) Albizia zimmermannii Low & submontane Timber BRM/DIS Mkenge (Kwere) Berchemia discolor Low & submontane Timber, medicinal ALB/GUM Mkenge-­‐mchaa (Shambaa) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber ALB Mkengemaji (Gogo) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber ALB/PET Mkengemayoya (Shambaa) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber ALB/ADI Mkengemshaa (Shambaa) Albizia adianthifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood, poles RHU/LON Mkenikeni (Matengo) Rhus longipes Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood GRE/ROB Mkerewila (Chagga) Grevillea robusta Low & submontane Exotic, timber ACA/SIE Mkese (Lugulu) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood RPN/RHO Mkese (Chagga) Rapanea rhododendroides Low & submontane Timber ACA/AUR Mkesia (Swahili) Acacia auriculiformis Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty ACA/MAN Mkesia (Swahili) Acacia mangium Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty GAR/JOV Mkhantokhanto (Nyaturu) Gardenia jovis-­‐tonantis Lowland Medicinal, firewood DOM/ROT Mkibu (Kwere) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood DOM/ACU Mkiika (Shambaa) Dombeya acutangula Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/CIN Mkiika (Shambaa) Dombeya cincinnata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/ROT Mkiika (Shambaa) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood DOM/SHU Mkiika (Shambaa) Dombeya shupangae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, Near endemic to the Usambaras DOM/TAY Mkiika (Shambaa) Dombeya taylorii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras

31

31 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes DOM/TOR Mkiika (Shambaa) Dombeya torrida Lowland Medicinal, firewood RAU/MAN Mkiiva (Shambaa) Rauvolfia mannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood RAU/ROS Mkiiva (Shambaa) Rauvolfia rosea Lowland Medicinal, firewood PRS/JUL Mkikwajukwaju (Swahili) Prosopis juliflora Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty EHR/AMO Mkilika (Zigua) Ehretia amoena Lowland Medicinal, firewood EHR/STU Mkilika (Shambaa) Ehretia stuhlmannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TUR/STU Mkilika (Lugulu) Turraea stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ALK/STU Mkimbo (Shambaa) Allanblackia stuhlmannii Submontane Edible oil MIM/RIP Mkinde (Nyamwezi) Mimusops riparia Lowland Medicinal, firewood PHO/REC Mkindu (Swahili) Phoenix reclinata Lowland Weaving, ornamental STR/INN Mkingi (Fipa) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal PHY/ENG Mkingiligili (Hehe) Phyllanthus engleri Lowland Edible fruits ALB/VER Mkingu (Lugulu) Albizia versicolor Low & submontane Timber ALB/VER Mkingu (Shambaa) Albizia versicolor Low & submontane Timber JUL/GLO Mkiriki (Nyaturu) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage COM/MOL Mkirwakirwa (Kurya) Commiphora mollis Lowland Firewood DOM/BUR Mkiu (Pogoro) Dombeya burgessiae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/BUR Mkiu (Shambaa) Dombeya burgessiae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/LEU Mkiu (Chagga) Dombeya leucoderma Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/QUI Mkiu (Makonde) Dombeya quingueseta Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood BLI/UNI Mkivule (Swahili) Blighia unijugata Low & submontane Timber, shade DOM Mkiwu (Hehe) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/BUR Mkiwu (Hehe) Dombeya burgessiae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood GRW/GOE Mkoangemla (Shambaa) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles GRW/HOL Mkoe (Shambaa) Grewia holstii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood TRL/VER Mkofugu (Pogoro) Trachylobium verrucosum Lowland Medicinal, firewood, gum DSP Mkoga (Pogoro) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood VIT/DON Mkoga (Pogoro) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber CRP/FEB Mkogho (Shambaa) Crossopteryx febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood CRO/SYL Mkogho (Shambaa) Croton sylvaticus Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, poles PSC/FUL Mkogho (Shambaa) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal SWA/MAD Mkohola (Hehe) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles RAU/CAF Mkoje (Gogo) Rauvolfia caffra Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, brewing DSP Mkoko (Pogoro) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood TER/TOR Mkoko (Shambaa) Terminalia torulosa Lowland Firewood, poles THS/DAN Mkoko (Shambaa) Thespesia danis Lowland Medicinal, firewood RHI/MUC Mkoko magondi (Swahili) Rhizophora mucronata Mangrove Wood fuel, poles, dye LAM/ZAN Mkokobara (Lugulu) Lamprothamnus Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, poles zanguebaricus CAS/BAT Mkokoko (Shambaa) Casearia battiscombei Low & submontane Timber ERH/SUA Mkokola (Shambaa) Erythrophleum suaveolens Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRW/TEN Mkokora (Pare) Grewia tenax Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/GOE Mkola (Shambaa) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic o t the Usambaras, poles GRW/MOL Mkolamakaa (Makonde) Grewia mollis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW Mkole (Hehe) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/BIC Mkole (Shambaa) Grewia bicolor Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/FAL Mkole (Hehe) Grewia fallax Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/GOE Mkole (Pogoro) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles GRW/SIM Mkole (Lugulu) Grewia similis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood LOR/HIL Mkole (Kwere) Loranthus hildebrandtii Low & submontane Medicinal GRW/GOE Mkole-­‐bwabwa (Lugulu) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles GRW/CAL Mkole-­‐ng'ombe (Shambaa) Grewia calymmatosepala Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/GOE Mkole-­‐ng'ombe (Shambaa) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles

32 32 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes GRW/GOE Mkolebombo (Bondei) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles GRW/PLA Mkolelupini (Shambaa) Grewia platyclada Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood AGR/SAL Mkolongo (Hehe) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood AGR/SAL Mkolongo (Shambaa) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood CMB/COL Mkolowanje (Makonde) Combretum collinum Low & submontane Woodfuel CLH/KIR Mkolyongo (Makonde) Cleistochlamys kirkii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood BOR Mkoma (Pogoro) Borassus sp. Lowland Edible fruits GRW/BIC Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia bicolor Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/BUR Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia burttii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/CAL Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia calymmatosepala Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/CON Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia conocarpa Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/FAL Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia fallax Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/GOE Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles GRW/HOL Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia holstii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/MIC Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia micrantha Lowland Edible fruits, firewood GRW/MCR Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia microcarpa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/MOL Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia mollis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/MON Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia monticola Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/PRA Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia praecox Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/SIM Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia similis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/STU Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia stuhlmannii Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/TEN Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia tenax Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/VIL Mkoma (Nyamwezi) Grewia villosa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood DCH/STU Mkoma mene (Lugulu) Dichapetalum stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, poisonous PSY/MAH Mkoma nholo (Hehe) Psychotria mahonii Lowland Medicinal, firewood XLC/GRA Mkomafi (Swahili) Xylocarpus granatum Mangrove Medicinal, poles, woodfuel PRU/AFR Mkomahoya (Shambaa) Prunus africana Submontane Medicinal, timber FAU Mkomale (Bena) Faurea sp. Low & submontane Poles, firewood PUN/GRA Mkomamanga (Swahili) Punica granatum Lowland Exotic, edible fruits CRO/SYL Mkomamtee (Bondei) Croton sylvaticus Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, poles ORM/KIR Mkomano (Shambaa) Ormocarpum kirkii Low & submontane Fodder, firewood ORM/MUR Mkomano (Shambaa) Ormocarpum muricatum Lowland Fodder, firewood CRO/SYL Mkomantee (Bondei) Croton sylvaticus Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, poles CMB/MOL Mkomanyingu (Pogoro) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel AFZ/QUA Mkomba (Shambaa) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber ANR/USA Mkomba (Pare) Antiaris usambarensis Low & submontane Timber, medicinal NBT/MAC Mkomba (Shambaa) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood VIT/KEN Mkombachiko (Makonde) Vitex keniensis Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, Timber, only planted in Amani andLushoto HEE/RET Mkombakilango (Kwere) Heeria reticulata Lowland Medicinal, firewood CRP/FEB Mkombanjiko (Kwere) Crossopteryx febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood COR/OVA Mkombeti (Shambaa) Cordia ovalis Lowland Firewood, medicinal COR/PET Mkombeti (Shambaa) Cordia peteri Lowland Firewood, medicinal TCC/ELL Mkombeti (Shambaa) Trichocladus ellipticus Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PIL/THO Mkombevavo (Hehe) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ANG/BRA Mkomboa (Shambaa) Angylocalyx braunii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, Medicinal LPT/HOL Mkombolo (Shambaa) Leptaulus holstii Submontane Medicinal, firewood STR/PUN Mkome (Nyamwezi) Strychnos pungens Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal ZNT/GIL Mkome (Hehe) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood RIN/ALB Mkomeni (Shambaa) Rinorea albersii Lowland Medicinal, firewood RIN/ANG Mkomeni (Shambaa) Rinorea angustifolia Lowland Endemic to the Usambaras RIN/FER Mkomeni (Shambaa) Rinorea ferruginea Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras RIN/SUB Mkomeni (Shambaa) Rinorea subintegrifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood CEL/PHI Mkonde (Lugulu) Celtis philippensis Low & submontane Firewood

33

33 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes ERR/KIR Mkonde (Lugulu) Erythrococca kirkii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MRT/ARB Mkonde (Shambaa) Myrianthus arboreus Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood MRT/HOL Mkonde (Shambaa) Myrianthus holstii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, edible fruits PYG/AFR Mkondekonde (Bena) Pygeum africanum Low & submontane Timber, medicinal ALN/CHI Mkondoghogho (Shambaa) Alangium chinense Submontane Firewood, shade ALN/CHI Mkondogogo (Shambaa) Alangium chinense Submontane Firewood, shade PRU/AFR Mkondokona (Chagga) Prunus africana Submontane Medicinal, timber RAN/KUH Mkondokondo (Fipa) kuhniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood RAN/KUH Mkondokondo (Nyamwezi) Randia kuhniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood ROT/ENG Mkondokondo (Nyamwezi) Rothmannia engleriana Lowland Medicinal, firewood, dye, fruits CUS/ZIM Mkong'onolo (Lugulu) Cussonia zimmermannii Low & submontane Medicinal BAL/AEG Mkonga (Pare) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood BAL/AEG Mkonga (Shambaa) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LOV/BRO Mkonga (Shambaa) Lovoa brownii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, timber STR/SPI Mkonga (Shambaa) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal AGA/SIS Mkonge (Swahili) Agave sisalana Lowland Exotic, agricultural PSY/BIB Mkonge (Swahili) Psychotria bibracteata Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal ACA/XAN Mkongea (Shambaa) Acacia xanthophloea Lowland Firewood, beekeeping GRW/MCR Mkongedeka (Shambaa) Grewia microcarpa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood AFZ/QUA Mkongo (Kwere) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber AFZ/QUA Mkongo (Lugulu) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber LAN/PAR Mkongo (Pogoro) Landolphia parvifolia Lowland Medicinal ACA/MAC Mkongoe (Gogo) Acacia macrothyrsa Lowland Firewood ACA/XAN Mkongoe (Kwere) Acacia xanthophloea Lowland Firewood, beekeeping BRH/BUS Mkongola (Fipa) Brachystegia bussei Low & submontane Timber CMB/SCH Mkongolo (Shambaa) Combretum schumannii Lowland Woodfuel, timber COM/EMI Mkongolo (Lugulu) Commiphora eminii Lowland Firewood COM/UGO Mkongolo (Hehe) Commiphora ugogensis Lowland Firewood SCB/ALA Mkongolo (Pogoro) Schrebera alata Low & submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood SPM/ARM Mkongoo (Shambaa) Sapium armatum Lowland Medicinal, firewood SPM/ELL Mkongoo (Shambaa) Sapium ellipticum Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCH/MYI Mkongoo (Shambaa) Schefflera myriantha Lowland Medicinal, firewood SHI/EUP Mkongoo (Shambaa) Shirakiopsis elliptica Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRH/BUS Mkongoro (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia bussei Low & submontane Timber ACA/ROB Mkongowe (Lugulu) Acacia robusta Lowland Firewood ZNT/CHA Mkonta (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood LON/CAP Mkonya (Makonde) Lonchocarpus capassa Low & submontane Ornamental ALB/PET Mkonzala (Pare) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber MNL/MOC Mkonze (Gogo) Manilkara mochisia Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MNL/MOC Mkonze (Nyamwezi) Manilkara mochisia Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MIM/DEN Mkonze (Nyamwezi) Mimusops densiflora Lowland Medicinal, firewood AFZ/QUA Mkora (Fipa) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber AFZ/QUA Mkora (Gogo) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber AFZ/QUA Mkora (Nyamwezi) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber ALB Mkorema (Bena) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber ANA/OCC Mkorosho (Swahili) Anacardium occidentale Lowland Agricultural crop, exotic CMB/PAD Mkotama (Matengo) Combretum padoides Lowland Woodfuel TEC/NOB Mkowakowa (Chagga) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal PTL/MYR Mkowe (Shambaa) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber SYZ/GUI Mkowosi (Matengo) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber SLV/PER Mkoyo (Pare) Salvadora persica Lowland Chewing stick, firewood CEL/GER Mkozeampee (Shambaa) Celtis gerrardii Low & submontane Firewood GRW/PLA Mkozekipini (Shambaa) Grewia platyclada Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood CUP/GOV Mkrismasi (Swahili) Cupressus goveniana Submontane Exotic, ornamental DEL/REG Mkrismasi (Swahili) Delonix regia Lowland Exotic, ornamental THU/ORI Mkrismasi (Swahili) Thuja orientalis Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental

34 34 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CAP/TOM Mkrutu (Maasai) Capparis tomentosa Lowland Medicinal, fodder MND/GRA Mkuakua (Shambaa) Monodora grandidieri Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MND/JUN Mkuakua (Shambaa) Monodora junodii Lowland Medicinal, firewood MND/MIN Mkuakua (Shambaa) Monodora minor Lowland Medicinal, firewood MYR/SAL Mkufa (Hehe) Myrica salicifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood NEW/BUC Mkufi (Chagga) Newtonia buchanani Submontane Timber, firewood CRO Mkuguta (Pogoro) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MES/INS Mkuhe (Shambaa) Mesogyne insignis Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras FCL/LAU Mkuka (Shambaa) Ficalhoa laurifolia Submontane High mountain ridges, timber PTR Mkuka (Shambaa) Pterocarpus sp. Lowland Timber ACA/POL Mkuku (Gogo) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood MUL/CRA Mkukumaka (Nyaturu) Multidentia crassa Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MNT/ADE Mkukuta (Nyaturu) Monotes adenophyllus Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRH/ALL Mkukwe (Makonde) Brachystegia allenii Low & submontane Timber PTR/CHR Mkula (Fipa) Pterocarpus chrysothrix Lowland Timber PTR/HOL Mkula (Shambaa) Pterocarpus holtzii Lowland Timber PTR/TIN Mkula (Shambaa) Pterocarpus tinctorius Lowland Timber VIT/MOM Mkula (Pogoro) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood DIC/CIN Mkulagembe (Lugulu) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal DIC/GLO Mkulajembe (Kwere) Dichrostachys glomerata Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal DSP Mkulakula (Pogoro) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood STS/KUN Mkulangedenge (Pogoro) Stereospermum kunthianum Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal TER/KIL Mkuliungu (Makonde) Terminalia kilimandscharica Lowland Timber, Woodfuel OCO/USA Mkulo (Shambaa) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber PTR/CHR Mkulo (Fipa) Pterocarpus chrysothrix Lowland Timber SPI/AFR Mkulo (Makonde) Spirostachys africana Lowland Medicinal, poles STR/SPI Mkulugundu (Nyaturu) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal ADN/MIC Mkulula (Pogoro) Adenia microcephala Lowland Medicinal BER/ABY Mkulumbi (Gogo) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood BRI/SCL Mkulungu (Makonde) Bridelia scleroneura Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood TER/AEM Mkulungu (Pogoro) Terminalia aemula Lowland Timber, Woodfuel TER/KIL Mkulungu (Bondei) Terminalia kilimandscharica Lowland Timber, Woodfuel BAP/KIR Mkuluti (Kwere) Baphia kirkii Lowland Timber, Near endemic to the Usambaras STR/INN Mkulwa (Fipa) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/INN Mkulwa (Nyamwezi) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal DSP/MES Mkulwe (Bondei) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DSP/LOU Mkulwi, Mhukwi (Zigua) Diospyros loureiriana Lowland Dye plant, firewood MCR/CAP Mkumba (Shambaa) Macaranga capensis Submontane Timber, firewood MCR/KIL Mkumba (Shambaa) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood TRL/VER Mkumbi (Kwere) Trachylobium verrucosum Lowland Medicinal, firewood, gum TRL/VER Mkumbi (Makonde) Trachylobium verrucosum Lowland Medicinal, firewood, gum AFS Mkumbulu (Gogo) Afrosersalicia sp. Low & submontane Firewood ECL Mkumbulu (Pogoro) Euclea sp. Lowland Medicinal, natural dye PAC Mkumbulu (Pogoro) Pachystela sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood SYN/CER Mkumbulu (Pogoro) Synsepalum cerasiferum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits SYN Mkumbulu (Gogo) Synsepalum sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits ZIZ/MAU Mkunazi (Swahili) Ziziphus mauritiana Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, firewood ZIZ/PUB Mkunazi (Shambaa) Ziziphus pubescens Lowland Firewood PSY/PET Mkundang'ombe (Shambaa) Psychotria peteri Lowland Medicinal, firewood CSS Mkunde (Pogoro) Cassia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VIG/UNG Mkunde (Swahili) Vigna unguiculata Lowland Medicinal, food, agricultural CSS/ABB Mkundekunde (Lugulu) Cassia abbreviata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CSS/ABB Mkundekunde (Makonde) Cassia abbreviata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood IND/AMB Mkundekunde (Swahili) Indigofera ambelacensis Lowland Firewood IND/ARR Mkundekunde (Swahili) Indigofera arrecta Lowland Firewood IND/CON Mkundekunde (Swahili) Indigofera conjugata Lowland Firewood

35

35 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes IND/CUN Mkundekunde (Swahili) Indigofera cuneata Lowland Firewood IND/EMA Mkundekunde (Swahili) Indigofera emarginella Lowland Firewood IND/POD Mkundekunde (Swahili) Indigofera podocarpa Lowland Firewood SEN/SIN Mkundekunde (Lugulu) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits PAR/FIL Mkundi (Shambaa) Parkia filicoidea Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood MIT/RUB Mkundukundu (Chagga) Mitragyna rubrostipulata Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber DIC/CIN Mkungeti (Kwere) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal TER/CAT Mkungu (Swahili) Terminalia catappa Lowland Fruits, timber, ornamental ACA/TOR Mkungugu (Gogo) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood FAI/ALB Mkungugu (Gogo) Faidherbia albida Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry LON Mkungugu (Pogoro) Lonchocarpus sp. Lowland Medicinal, ornamental HEX/MON Mkungumwale (Matengo) Hexalobus monopetalus Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits FAG/ANG Mkunguni (Shambaa) Fagaropsis angolensis Low & submontane Timber, woodfuel RCN/HEU Mkungunolo (Lugulu) Ricinodendron heudelotii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruit DIC Mkunguti (Kwere) Dichrostachys sp. Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal PVT/GAR Mkunguu (Nyaturu) Pavetta gardeniifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood PRU/AFR Mkunguwa (Pare) Prunus africana Submontane Medicinal, timber SOR/MAD Mkunguwa (Pare) Sorindeia madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal CSS/ANG Mkungwena (Shambaa) Cassia angolensis Submontane Medicinal BRM/DIS Mkuni (Nyamwezi) Berchemia discolor Low & submontane Timber, medicinal HRR/ABY Mkunju (Lugulu) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood SPE/ARV Mkunkani (Nyaturu) Spermacoce arvensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood HRN/MAD Mkuntu (Shambaa) Harungana madagascariensis Submontane Medicinal, firewood VIS/ORI Mkuntukuntu (Shambaa) Vismia orientalis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits ZNT/CHA Mkunungu (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood STE/APP Mkunya (Makonde) Sterculia appendiculata Lowland Timber DSP/LOU Mkurui (Zaramo) Diospyros loureiriana Lowland Dye plant, firewood PTR/CHR Mkurungu (Nyamwezi) Pterocarpus chrysothrix Lowland Timber DSP/CON Mkuruti (Lugulu) Diospyros consulatae Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood GNI/GLA Mkusi (Hehe) Gnidia glauca Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LEU/LEU Mkusina (Swahili) Leucaena leucocephala Lowland Exotic, agroforestry LEU/DIV Mkusina (Swahili) Leucaena diversifolia Low & submontane Exotic, agroforestry UAP/KIR Mkusu (Nyamwezi) Uapaca kirkiana Low & submontane Timber, Fruits, firewood CHP/ZIM Mkuti (Shambaa) Chrysophyllum zimmermannii Low & submontane Timber MAE/LAN Mkuti (Pogoro) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood POU/ADO Mkuti (Shambaa) Pouteria adolfi-­‐friedericii Lowland Medicinal, firewood POU/ALF Mkuti (Shambaa) Pouteria alfolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAE/LAN Mkuti Likuti (Bena) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CHP/PER Mkutii (Shambaa) Chrysophyllum perpulchrum Low & submontane Timber FIC/CAP Mkuu (Pare) Ficus capensis Low & submontane Edible fruits, ornamental FIC/SYC Mkuu (Pare) Ficus sycomorus Lowland Shade, Fruits TER/KIL Mkuungo (Shambaa) Terminalia kilimandscharica Lowland Timber, Woodfuel TER/PRU Mkuungo (Shambaa) Terminalia prunioides Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal BRR/RAC Mkuvukuvu (Shambaa) Barringtonia racemosa Lowland Timber, medicinal HEX/MON Mkuwa (Fipa) Hexalobus monopetalus Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits HEX/MON Mkuwa (Nyamwezi) Hexalobus monopetalus Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits HMN/MOL Mkuwa (Fipa) Hymenocardia mollis Lowland Medicinal, firewood FIC/ALT Mkuyu (Shambaa) Ficus altissima Lowland Shade FIC/CAP Mkuyu (Swahili) Ficus capensis Low & submontane Edible fruits, ornamental FIC/LUT Mkuyu (Shambaa) Ficus lutea Lowland Shade FIC/STU Mkuyu (Lugulu) Ficus stuhlmannii Low & submontane Shade, fruit FIC/SUR Mkuyu (Pogoro) Ficus sur Low & submontane Shade FIC/SYC Mkuyu (Hehe) Ficus sycomorus Lowland Shade, Fruits FIC/SYC Mkuyu (Nyamwezi) Ficus sycomorus Lowland Shade, Fruits FIC/SYC Mkuyu (Pogoro) Ficus sycomorus Lowland Shade, Fruits FIC/NAT Mkuyu we-­‐ng`aa (Shambaa) Ficus natalensis Low & submontane Shade FIC/SYC Mkuyu-­‐kighasa (Shambaa) Ficus sycomorus Lowland Shade, Fruits

36 36 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes FIC/VAL Mkuyu-­‐mpeho (Shambaa) Ficus vallis-­‐choudae Lowland Shade FIC/THO Mkuyu-­‐mrefu (Shambaa) Ficus thonningii Low & submontane Shade, ornamental FIC/SUR Mkuyu-­‐ntunda (Shambaa) Ficus sur Low & submontane Shade FIC/USA Mkuyu-­‐nyika (Shambaa) Ficus usambarensis Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras ANR/TOX Mkuza (Shambaa) Antiaris toxicaria Low & submontane Timber, medicinal ANR/TOX Mkuzu (Shambaa) Antiaris toxicaria Low & submontane Timber, medicinal TAM/IND Mkwaju (Swahili) Tamarindus indica Lowland Fruits, Medicinal, Shade STR/INN Mkwakwa (Shambaa) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/MIT Mkwakwa (Shambaa) Strychnos mitis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/STU Mkwakwa (Shambaa) Strychnos stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/USA Mkwakwa (Shambaa) Strychnos usambarensis Low & submontane Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood MLT/MIC Mkwala (Makonde) Millettia micans Lowland Timber, shade OCH/HOL Mkwaleti (Shambaa) Ochna holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood FLU/VIR Mkwamba (Swahili) Flueggea virosa Low & submontane Medicinal, fodder, firewood, fruits FLU/VIR Mkwambe (Lugulu) Flueggea virosa Low & submontane Medicinal, fodder, firewood, fruits MAR/DIS Mkwambe (Hehe) Margaritaria discoidea Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ZAN/AFR Mkwanga (Shambaa) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit CRL/DEN Mkwata (Gogo) Cordyla densiflora Lowland Timber, fruits OCH/HOL Mkwati (Hehe) Ochna holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRH/LON Mkwe (Hehe) Brachystegia longifolia Low & submontane Timber BRH/SPI Mkwe (Hehe) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber CYN/BRA Mkwe (Shambaa) Cynometra brachyrrhachis Lowland Medicinal, firewood CYN/ENG Mkwe (Shambaa) Cynometra engleri Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood CYN/FIS Mkwe (Shambaa) Cynometra fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood CYN/WEB Mkwe (Shambaa) Cynometra webberi Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood EUP/NYI Mkweche (Swahili) Euphorbia nyikae Lowland Medicinal, ornamental, fuel wood DOM/CIN Mkwelengala (Lugulu) Dombeya cincinnata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood TLP/MAD Mkwenampelele (Pogoro) Trilepisium madagascariense Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits ARA/CUN Mkwera-­‐nyani (Swahili) Araucaria cunnighamii Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental CEL Mkwerandumbili (Pogoro) Celtis sp. Lowland Firewood DOM Mkwi (Hehe) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood MNL/DIS Mkwichimbo (Makonde) Manilkara discolor Lowland Edible fruits, firewood OXY/SPE Mkwinga (Shambaa) Oxyanthus speciosus Submontane Medicinal, firewood IXO/SCH Mkwingwa (Shambaa) Ixora scheffleri Lowland Medicinal, firewood OXY/PYR Mkwingwa (Shambaa) Oxyanthus pyriformis Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras SOR/MAD Mkwingwina (Shambaa) Sorindeia madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal SOR/OBT Mkwingwina (Shambaa) Sorindeia obtusifolia Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal CIN/LED Mkwinini (Shambaa) Cinchona ledgeriana Low & submontane Exotic, medicinal DSP/SQU Mkwiru (Kwere) Diospyros squarrosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood CSS Mkwizingi (Shambaa) Cassia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PSL/MAP Mlagambihi (Nyaturu) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia MAR/DIS Mlakwale (Kwere) Margaritaria discoidea Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood HYP/VEN Mlala (Nyamwezi) Hyphaene ventricosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits, fibre POD/MIL Mlalambege (Pogoro) Podocarpus milanjianus Submontane Timber BYR Mlalambo (Pogoro) Byrsocarpus sp. Lowland Medicinal TUR/HOL Mlalawana (Shambaa) Turraea holstii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CMB/MOL Mlama (Hehe) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/MOL Mlama (Sukuma) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/MOL Mlama (Nyamwezi) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/QUA Mlama (Fipa) Combretum quainzii Lowland Woodfuel CMB/QUA Mlama (Nyamwezi) Combretum quainzii Lowland Woodfuel SYZ/GUI Mlama (Pare) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber CMB/COL Mlama mwekundu (Lugulu) Combretum collinum Low & submontane Woodfuel

37

37 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CMB/ZEY Mlama mweupe (Lugulu) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal CMB/MOL Mlama mweusi (Lugulu) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/BIN Mlandala (Nyamwezi) Combretum binderianum Low & submontane Woodfuel FIC/ING Mlandege (Makonde) Ficus ingens Submontane Shade FIC/THO Mlandege (Kwere) Ficus thonningii Low & submontane Shade, ornamental CRR/AFR Mlanga (Lugulu) Carpodiptera africana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MLT/SAC Mlanga (Shambaa) Millettia sacleuxii Lowland Timber, shade, Near endemic to the Usambaras ONB/ROU Mlanga (Shambaa) Oncoba routledgei Lowland Medicinal, firewood ONB/SPI Mlanga (Shambaa) Oncoba spinosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRI/MIC Mlangali (Fipa) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood EUP/BIL Mlangali (Nyamwezi) Euphorbia bilocularis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental EUP Mlangara (Nyamwezi) Euphorbia sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CAN/ODO Mlangi-­‐langi (Shambaa) Cananga odorata Lowland Exotic, ornamental CAN/ODO Mlangilangi (Swahili) Cananga odorata Lowland Exotic, ornamental PTL/MYR Mlapa (Makonde) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber PLP/PAR Mlapaa (Swahili) Polysphaeria parvifolia Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood TRN/PAV Mlashore (Swahili) Tarenna pavettoides Low & submontane Medicinal VER/EXS Mlaviliva (Nyamwezi) Vernonia exserstiflora Lowland Medicinal CRO Mlavilwa (Nyamwezi) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood COM/AFR Mlawa (Nyaturu) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin GRW/BIC Mlawa (Pare) Grewia bicolor Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/FAL Mlawa (Pare) Grewia fallax Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MAG/BUT Mlawia (Shambaa) Magnistipula butayei Lowland Medicinal, firewood XYL/AET Mlawia (Shambaa) Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel XYL/PAR Mlawia (Shambaa) Xylopia parviflora Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel PHY Mlayavahumba (Gogo) Phyllanthus sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood TUR/HOL Mleawana (Shambaa) Turraea holstii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood EHR/AMO Mlefu (Shambaa) Ehretia amoena Lowland Medicinal, firewood EHR/CYM Mlefu (Shambaa) Ehretia cymosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood EHR/SYL Mlefu (Shambaa) Ehretia sylvatica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB/PET Mlelulelu (Hehe) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber GRC/HUI Mlemandembo (Hehe) Garcinia huillensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits GAR/TER Mlemandembo (Hehe) Gardenia ternifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental CHP/GOR Mlembelembe (Gogo) Chrysophyllum gorungosanum Submontane Timber PSC/FUL Mlembelembe (Pogoro) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal COM/EMI Mlemela-­‐kufa (Shambaa) Commiphora eminii Lowland Firewood CRL/AFR Mlenda (Lugulu) Cordyla africana Lowland Timber OPI/TOM Mlende (Pogoro) Opilia tomentella Lowland Medicinal ENT/ABY Mlendilendi (Pogoro) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood SYZ/COR Mlengamechs (Pogoro) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits TAB/HOL Mlengwelengwe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana holstii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TAB/PAC Mlengwelengwe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana Submontane Medicinal, firewood pachysiphon TAB/STA Mlengwelengwe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana stapfiana Lowland Medicinal, firewood TAB/USA Mlengwelengwe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood usambarensis SEN/SIN Mlewelewe (Makonde) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits CMB/GRA Mliambujo (Makonde) Combretum grandifolium Low & submontane Woodfuel SON/ALB Mliana (Swahili) Sonneratia alba Mangrove Dye, woodfuel, poles OLI/ROC Mliandege (Shambaa) Olinia rochetiana Low & submontane Medicinal CSS Mlidu (Makonde) Cassia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood WAR/ELO Mlifu (Shambaa) Warburgia elongata Submontane Medicinal, timber, firewood NUX/FLO Mlikaliko (Chagga) Nuxia floribunda Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MNT/ADE Mlikuti (Nyamwezi) Monotes adenophyllus Lowland Medicinal, firewood RPN/RHO Mlimangombe (Chagga) Rapanea rhododendroides Low & submontane Timber CIT/LIM Mlimao (Swahili) Citrus limonia Lowland Exotic, fruit

38 38 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MAY/ACU Mlimbalimba (Shambaa) Maytenus acuminata Submontane Firewood, tool handles EUP/MAT Mlimbo (Hehe) Euphorbia matabelensis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental MAY/LAN Mlimbolimbo (Shambaa) Maytenus lancifolia Low & submontane Firewood MYS/AET Mlimbolimbo (Lugulu) Mystroxylon aethiopicum Lowland Medicinal, firewood LNN/HUM Mlinga (Hehe) Lannea humilis Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LNN/HUM Mlingalinga, Mtinje (Nyamwezi) Lannea humilis Lowland Edible fruits, firewood TUR/HOL Mlingive (Nyamwezi) Turraea holstii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood PVT/HYM Mliwa (Chagga) Pavetta hymenophylla Lowland Medicinal, firewood SEN/SIN Mliwaliwa (Kwere) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits PAI/DEC Mliwanwangi (Nyamwezi) Paivaeusa dictylophylla Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood RAU/CAF Mlowelowe (Pogoro) Rauvolfia caffra Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, brewing DRA Mlowilowi (Pogoro) Dracaena sp. Low & submontane Demarcation, ornamental FRN/MAG Mlualua (Bondei) Fernandoa magnifica Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental SPA/NIL Mlualua (Shambaa) Spathodea nilotica Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental DOM/ACU Mluati (Shambaa) Dombeya acutangula Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/CIN Mluati (Shambaa) Dombeya cincinnata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/ROT Mluati (Shambaa) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood DOM/SHU Mluati (Shambaa) Dombeya shupangae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, Near endemic to the Usambaras DOM/TAY Mluati (Shambaa) Dombeya taylorii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras DOM/TOR Mluati (Shambaa) Dombeya torrida Lowland Medicinal, firewood OCH/HOL Mlubumila (Hehe) Ochna holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAB/BUX Mluhi (Chagga) Maba buxifolia Lowland Exotix, medicinal, fruit, firewood HYM/PAR Mluhindi (Pare) Hymenodictyon parvifolium Lowland Medicinal, firewood NEW/BUC Mluli (Pogoro) Newtonia buchanani Submontane Timber, firewood FIC/THO Mlumba (Nyamwezi) Ficus thonningii Low & submontane Shade, ornamental ZNT Mlungu (Nyaturu) Zanthoxylum sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT/BRA Mlungulungu (Pogoro) Zanthoxylum braunii Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT/CHA Mlungulungu (Hehe) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/CHA Mlungulungu (Lugulu) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/CHA Mlungulungu (Nyamwezi) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/GIL Mlungulungu (Bondei) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/GIL Mlungulungu (Hehe) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/GIL Mlungulungu (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/GIL Mlungulungu (Zigua) Zanthoxylum gillettii Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/MAR Mlungulungu (Nyamwezi) Zanthoxylum markeri Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT/USA Mlungulungu -­‐ mdodo (Hehe) Zanthoxylum usambarense Submontane Medicinal, food, fuel wood VPR/GLO Mlungusigiti Vepris glomerata Lowland Medicinal, firewood STE/QUI Mlunze mheme (Gogo) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber PYG/AFR Mluti (Bena) Pygeum africanum Low & submontane Timber, medicinal CMB/ADE Mluzya minzi (Nyamwezi) Combretum adenogonium Lowland Woodfuel CMB/TER Mluzyaminzi (Nyamwezi) Combretum ternifolium Lowland Woodfuel DOM/ROT Mlwati (Lugulu) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood CNT/GUE Mlyadimi (Hehe) Canthium gueinzii Lowland Firewood, medicinal OLI/ROC Mlyandege (Hehe) Olinia rochetiana Low & submontane Medicinal EKE/BEN Mlyangedege (Hehe) Ekebergia benguelensis Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood OLI/USA Mlyanku (Fipa) Olinia usambarensis Low & submontane Medicinal CHP/BAN Mlyanyalusi (Hehe) Chrysophyllum bangweolense Low & Submontane Timber GAL/SAX Mmafimafi (Shambaa) Galiniera saxifraga Submontane Medicinal, firewood PTL Mmalala (Makonde) Pteleopsis sp. Lowland Timber PRC/ANG Mmanga (Makonde) Pericopsis angolensis Lowland Timber PSC/FUL Mmawa (Matengo) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal RYT Mmbachuka (Pogoro) Rytigynia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood LEC/FRA Mmbwewe (Lugulu) Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BEQ/NAT Mmeemee (Shambaa) Bequaertiodendron natalense Low & submontane Medicinal STP Mmelebele (Kwere) Strophanthus sp. Lowland Medicinal HOL/PUB Mmelemele (Lugulu) Holarrhena pubescens Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental

39

39 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MEL/AZE Mmelia (Swahili) Melia azedarach Lowland Timber, shade BRC/HUT Mmendende (Makonde) Brachylaena hutchinsii Lowland Timber MRK/OBT Mmiuyu (Shambaa) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles ALB Mmorena (Bena) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber DEI/BOR Mmoyomoyo (Lugulu) Deinbollia borbonica Lowland Medicinal OCH/LON Mmwanga (Nyamwezi) Ochna longipes Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAY/ACU Mnahu (Shambaa) Maytenus acuminata Submontane Firewood, tool handles DRP/NAT Mnaila (Shambaa) Drypetes natalensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood DRP/PAR Mnaila (Shambaa) Drypetes parvifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood DRP/SUB Mnaila (Shambaa) Drypetes subdentata Lowland Medicinal, firewood DRP/USA Mnaira (Shambaa) Drypetes usambarica Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood CMB/COL Mnama (Shambaa) Combretum collinum Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/MOL Mnama (Shambaa) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/QUA Mnama (Kwere) Combretum quainzii Lowland Woodfuel MLT/STU Mnamalembe (Makonde) Millettia stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, shade CMB/BIN Mnamangombe (Shambaa) Combretum binderianum Low & submontane Woodfuel ADA/DIG Mnamba (Shambaa) Adansonia digitata Lowland Food, fodder, rope, twine CRB/ZIM Mnande (Shambaa) Craibia zimmermannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PAP/UGA Mnange (Shambaa) Pappea ugandensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BYR/BOI Mnangu (Makonde) Byrsocarpus boivinianus Lowland Medicinal HYE/VER Mnangu (Makonde) Hymenaea verrucosa Lowland Gum copal, firewood PAU/HOL Mnavilavi (Shambaa) Pauridiantha holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood PAU/PAU Mnavilavi (Shambaa) Pauridiantha paucinervis Lowland Medicinal, firewood COC/NUC Mnazi (Swahili) Cocos nucifera Lowland Exotic, agricultural GRC/LIV Mndee-­‐mzize (Shambaa) Garcinia livingstonei Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits GRC/VOL Mndee-­‐mzize (Shambaa) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye PAM Mndenderenge (Pogoro) Pampletantha sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TEC/AMA Mndizi (Shambaa) Teclea amaniensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras TEC/MES Mndizi (Shambaa) Teclea mespiliformis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/NOB Mndizi (Shambaa) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/SIM Mndizi (Shambaa) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/TRI Mndizi (Shambaa) Teclea trichocarpa Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal VPR/AMA Mndizi (Shambaa) Vepris amaniensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood VPR/NOB Mndizi (Shambaa) Vepris nobilis Lowland Medicinal, firewood VPR/SIM Mndizi (Shambaa) Vepris simplicifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles VPR/STL Mndizi (Shambaa) Vepris stoltzii Lowland Medicinal, firewood FAD/STO Mndokoli (Hehe) Fadogia stolzii Low & submontane Edible fruits CRL/AFR Mndundu (Makonde) Cordyla africana Lowland Timber DIC/CIN Mndundulu (Maasai) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal OLI/USA Mndureme (Chagga) Olinia usambarensis Low & submontane Medicinal COM/ZIM Mnemalakufa (Zigua) Commiphora zimmermannii Lowland Firewood CMB/QUA Mnemantitu (Shambaa) Combretum quainzii Lowland Woodfuel BRH/SPI Mnembela (Fipa) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber FIC/FIS Mnembwe (Nyamwezi) Ficus fischeri Low & submontane Shade XIM/CAF Mnembwe (Nyamwezi) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MLT/USA Mnemela (Shambaa) Millettia usaramensis Low & submontane Timber, shade, firewood PSY Mnemenangolo (Shambaa) Psychotria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood MLT/SAC Mnemera (Shambaa) Millettia sacleuxii Lowland Timber, shade, Near endemic to the Usambaras ERH Mnengwe (Pogoro) Erythrophleum sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood RAU/ORE Mnengwe (Shambaa) Rauvolfia oreogiton Lowland Medicinal, firewood PSL Mnepa (Pogoro) Pseudolachnostylis sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/KIR Mng'akala (Makonde) Diospyros kirkii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits XER/OBO Mng'andoka (Makonde) Xeromphis obovata Lowland Firewood MRK/OBT Mng'ebe (Makonde) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles ELD/STU Mng'okole (Makonde) Elaeodendron stuhlmannii Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood

40 40 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes BAL/AEG Mng'onga (Lugulu) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood SCL/BIR Mng'ongo (Lugulu) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber SCL/BIR Mng'ongo (Nyamwezi) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber PTR/HOL Mng'ue (Makonde) Pterocarpus holtzii Lowland Timber STE/QUI Mng'uja (Makonde) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber FLA/IND Mng'unga (Matengo) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood ACA Mng'ungo (Makonde) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood SYZ/COR Mng'wilanyama (Makonde) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits PTL/MYR Mng'windi (Makonde) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber CRE Mngamba (Pogoro) Cremaspora sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood UAP/NIT Mngambu (Kwere) Uapaca nitida Lowland Timber, Fruits, firewood VNG/LAN Mngelelya (Nyamwezi) Vangueriopsis lanciflora Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood DAL/ELA Mngenje (Shambaa) Dalbergia elata Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine VNG/LAN Mngesenya (Fipa) Vangueriopsis lanciflora Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood HAG/ABY Mngetwa (Pogoro) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber MNX/ORI Mngibiri (Kwere) Monanthotaxis orientalis Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel DSP/ABY Mnginyei (Maasai) Diospyros abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, firewood, timber ACA Mngo (Makonde) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood PTL/MYR Mngoji (Lugulu) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber PTL/MYR Mngoji (Shambaa) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber SCL/BIR Mngonga (Fipa) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber HUG/CAS Mngongano (Makonde) Hugonia castaneifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCL/BIR Mngongo (Shambaa) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber STR/INN Mngulungulu (Makonde) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal JUL/GLO Mnhondolo (Lugulu) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage PTR/ANG Mninga (Makonde) Pterocarpus angolensis Lowland Timber PTR/ANG Mninga (Swahili) Pterocarpus angolensis Lowland Timber PTR/MIL Mninga-­‐mazi (Shambaa) Pterocarpus mildbraedii Lowland Timber, near endemic to the Usambaras PTR/TIN Mninga-­‐mazi (Shambaa) Pterocarpus tinctorius Lowland Timber BSC/SAL Mniniado (Makonde) Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal EKE/CAP Mninyina (Gogo) Ekebergia capensis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood STR/SCM Mnjichi (Makonde) Strychnos schumanniana Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/HEN Mnkangaa (Shambaa) Strychnos henningsii Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALT/SES Mnkoswe (Shambaa) Alternanthera sessilis Lowland Medicinal ZAN/GOL Mnkwanga (Shambaa) Zanha golungensis Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood ACA/MLL Mnoa (Pare) Acacia mellifera Low & Submontane Firewood, beekeeping DRP/GER Mnofi (Shambaa) Drypetes gerrardii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BAU/PET Mnoga (Nyamwezi) Bauhinia petersiana Lowland Medicinal, ornamental FIC/THO Mnomolomo (Makonde) Ficus thonningii Low & submontane Shade, ornamental JUL/GLO Mnondondo (Makonde) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage ISB/GLO Mnondonondo (Kwere) Isoberlinia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage CMB/BIN Mnondoto (Makonde) Combretum binderianum Low & submontane Woodfuel BRI/CAT Mnong'omela (Makonde) Bridelia cathartica Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BRI/CAT Mnong'omela (Matengo) Bridelia cathartica Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood DRA/LAX Mnonga (Shambaa) Dracaena laxissima Low & submontane Demarcation, ornamental ALS/DIM Mnozambeyu (Shambaa) Alsodeiopsis dimidiata Lowland Firewood ALS/SCH Mnozambeyu (Shambaa) Alsodeiopsis schumannii Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, fruit CUS/ARB Mntindi (Shambaa) Cussonia arborea Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/ZIM Mntindi (Shambaa) Cussonia zimmermannii Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/SPI Mntindi-­‐mbawa (Shambaa) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal MIM Mntobwe (Shambaa) Mimusops sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/COC Mntonga (Nyamwezi) Strychnos cocculoides Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood SND Mnua (Shambaa) Synadenium sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental ZAN/AFR Mnughumo (Iraqw) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit LNN/STU Mnumbu (Shambaa) Lannea stuhlmannii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood DSP Mnumbulu (Fipa) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood

41

41 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes DSP Mnumbulu (Nyamwezi) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/KIR Mnumbulu (Nyamwezi) Diospyros kirkii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits LON/BUS Mnundu (Makonde) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal CLA/ANI Mnung'anung'a (Hehe) Clausena anisata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood PSY Mnung'anung'a (Gogo) Psychotria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood OCH/EVE Mnungano (Makonde) Ochna eveta Lowland Medicinal, firewood ZNT/CHA Mnungu (Shambaa) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT/OLI Mnungu (Kwere) Zanthoxylum olitoriam Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ERY/ABY Mnungumagoma (Bondei) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental PRE/SOM Mnunhwala (Nyamwezi) Premna senensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRW/HOL Mnunje (Makonde) Grewia holstii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ACA Mnusi (Hehe) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood SND Mnuwa (Shambaa) Synadenium sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental MAY Mnuwili (Makonde) Maytenus sp. Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles RHY/RES Mnyafwivi (Hehe) Rhynchosia resinosa Lowland Medicinal RIN Mnyakiguni (Gogo) Rinorea sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALL/ABY Mnyakisage (Gogo) Allophylus abyssinicus Submontane Timber ALL/ABY Mnyakisagi (Pogoro) Allophylus abyssinicus Submontane Timber COM/ZIM Mnyakusa (Shambaa) Commiphora zimmermannii Lowland Firewood COM/ZIM Mnyakwa (Zigua) Commiphora zimmermannii Lowland Firewood EUP/TIR Mnyala (Hehe) Euphorbia tirucalli Lowland Fence, graveyard, medicinal RPN/MEL Mnyalati (Gogo) Rapanea melanophloeos Low & submontane Timber RPN/MEL Mnyalati (Hehe) Rapanea melanophloeos Low & submontane Timber CRT/AGA Mnyaluhanga (Hehe) Crotalaria agatiflora Low & submontane Agroforestry PSL/MAP Mnyaluhanga (Hehe) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia TCR/NYA Mnyalulomo (Gogo) Tecomaria nyassae Submontane Firewood, ornamental MUN/SER Mnyalulumbu (Hehe) Mundulea sericea Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles TCR/NYA Mnyalulumo (Hehe) Tecomaria nyassae Submontane Firewood, ornamental EHR Mnyamasa (Hehe) Ehretia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal EKE/CAP Mnyamati (Gogo) Ekebergia capensis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood EKE/CAP Mnyamati (Hehe) Ekebergia capensis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood OSY/COM Mnyambalakidunda (Hehe) Osyris compressa Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/HOC Mnyang'anya (Hehe) Acacia hockii Low & Submontane Firewood PTL/MYR Mnyangali (Pogoro) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber ZIZ/MUC Mnyangwe (Gogo) Ziziphus mucronata Lowland Edible fruits EMB/SCH Mnyaninyani (Gogo) Embelia schimperi Submontane Medicinal ALB/VER Mnyanza (Lugulu) Albizia versicolor Low & submontane Timber NEW/BUC Mnyasa (Shambaa) Newtonia buchanani Submontane Timber, firewood BER/ABY Mnyatoma (Gogo) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood HET/TRI Mnyatoma (Hehe) Heteromorpha trifoliata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, ornamental COR/AFR Mnyenya (Matengo) Cordia africana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry XRD/STU Mnyenye (Fipa) Xeroderris stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, Medicinal XRD/STU Mnyenye (Lugulu) Xeroderris stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, Medicinal XRD/STU Mnyenye (Nyamwezi) Xeroderris stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, Medicinal CEL/DUR Mnyenyere (Kwere) Celtis durandii Low & submontane Firewood PAR/FIL Mnyesa (Shambaa) Parkia filicoidea Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PAR/FIL Mnyese (Shambaa) Parkia filicoidea Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood MIM/FRU Mnyevuu (Swahili) Mimusops fruticosa Lowland Timber, medicinal XRD/STU Mnyinga (Gogo) Xeroderris stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, Medicinal XRD/STU Mnyinga (Shambaa) Xeroderris stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, Medicinal ALB/ANN Mnyingafumbu (Nyaturu) Albizia antunesiana Lowland Timber CNT/CRA Mnyogoyogo (Nyamwezi) Canthium crassum Lowland Firewood AFS/CER Mnyohoyo (Bondei) Afrosersalicia cerasifera Low & submontane Firewood CUS/ARB Mnyonga mhembe (Sukuma) Cussonia arborea Low & submontane Medicinal STG/ARA Mnyongamembe (Hehe) Steganotaenia araliacea Low & submontane Medicinal STG Mnyongampembe (Hehe) Steganotaenia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal

42 42 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes STG/ARA Mnyongampembe (Nyamwezi) Steganotaenia araliacea Low & submontane Medicinal STG/ARA Mnyongola (Gogo) Steganotaenia araliacea Low & submontane Medicinal DSP Mnyongole (Hehe) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood OZO/INS Mnyonowapembe (Nyaturu) Ozoroa insignis Lowland Medicinal, edible fruits SYZ/COR Mnyonyo (Makonde) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits SYZ/COR Mnyonyo (Matengo) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits STR/COC Mnywewa (Hehe) Strychnos cocculoides Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood CTN/SPI Mochangoko (Nyamwezi) Lowland Medicinal, firewood PLR/AFR Moda-­‐aateni (Iraqw) Pleurostylia africana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STS/KUN Mogavagoli, Mogavami Stereospermum kunthianum Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal (Nyamwezi) COR/MON Mogomosi (Shambaa) Cordia monoica Lowland Firewood, medicinal COR/OVA Mogomosi (Shambaa) Cordia ovalis Lowland Firewood, medicinal COR/PET Mogomosi (Shambaa) Cordia peteri Lowland Firewood, medicinal ALB/VER Moi (Iraqw) Albizia versicolor Low & submontane Timber ALB/ANN Moil (Iraqw) Albizia antunesiana Lowland Timber AZN/GAR Molee (Maasai) Azanza garckeana Lowland Edible fruits CLU/ROB Mololawa (Chagga) Clutia robusta Lowland Medicinal NUX/CON Mongongo (Chagga) Nuxia congesta Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood XRP/SPE Monkey chair (English) Xerophyta spekei Lowland Firewood, medicinal COM/MOZ Monto (Nyaturu) Commiphora mossambicensis Lowland Firewood OCO/USA Moong'u (Chagga) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber TIT/DIV Mophangwe-­‐ne-­‐ukoo (Nyaturu) Tithonia diversifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental FIC/THO Moruma (Nyaturu) Ficus thonningii Low & submontane Shade, ornamental NUX/FLO Mosi (Hehe) Nuxia floribunda Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood OZO/RET Motaponzi (Hehe) Ozoroa reticulata Low & submontane Medicinal, edible fruits MAY/UND Mote-­‐wa-­‐kisasavo (Mbugwe) Maytenus undata Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles, medicinal JUL/GLO Mowe (Makonde) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage DOM Moza (Shambaa) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood STE/AFR Moza (Lugulu) Sterculia africana Lowland Timber TRH/VOL Mpaka (Chagga) Trichilia volkensii Low & submontane Timber, firewood, shade PRK/ACU Mpakinsonia (Swahili) Parkinsonia aculeata Lowland Exotic, ornamental HMN/MOL Mpala (Fipa) Hymenocardia mollis Lowland Medicinal, firewood HMN/MOL Mpala (Makonde) Hymenocardia mollis Lowland Medicinal, firewood HMN/MOL Mpala (Nyamwezi) Hymenocardia mollis Lowland Medicinal, firewood MCR/KIL Mpalala (Hehe) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood MCR/KIL Mpalala (Pogoro) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood MAR Mpalanganga (Pogoro) Margaritaria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCN/VIR Mpalapala (Makonde) Securinega virosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/POT Mpalapande (Hehe) Strychnos potatorum Lowland Medicinal STE/APP Mpalatanyani (Kwere) Sterculia appendiculata Lowland Timber LIP/JAV Mpamba wake (Swahili) Lippia javanica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CLR Mpambaduma (Hehe) Clerodendrum sp. Lowland Fuelwood, poles CSS Mpambadume (Pogoro) Cassia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ACA/BRE Mpambaluvivi (Pare) Acacia brevispica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood MLT Mpanda (Pogoro) Millettia sp. Lowland Timber, shade MLT/STU Mpande (Makonde) Millettia stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, shade PIT/VIR Mpande (Swahili) Pittosporum viridiflorum Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood STR/POT Mpande (Sukuma) Strychnos potatorum Lowland Medicinal STR/STU Mpande (Gogo) Strychnos stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/HET Mpandepande (Nyamwezi) Strychnos heterodoxa Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/POT Mpandepande (Nyamwezi) Strychnos potatorum Lowland Medicinal ALB Mpanga (Makonde) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber EUP/CAN Mpanga panga (Makonde) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental NBT/MAC Mpangala (Hehe) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood CMB/IMB Mpangati (Makonde) Combretum imberbe Lowland Woodfuel ALL/MAC Mpange (Bena) Allophylus macrobotrys Lowland Firewood

43

43 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MOR/SAL Mpankwa (Pogoro) Morella salicifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood ANR/TOX Mpapa (Pogoro) Antiaris toxicaria Low & submontane Timber, medicinal LON/CAP Mpapa (Pogoro) Lonchocarpus capassa Low & submontane Ornamental CAR/PAP Mpapai (Swahili) Carica papaya Low & submontane Exotic, fruits CUS Mpapai (Bondei) Cussonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal CYL/PAR Mpapai-­‐mwitu (Shambaa) Cylicomorpha parviflora Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental CYL/PAR Mpapai-­‐pori (Pogoro) Cylicomorpha parviflora Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental MAY/UND Mpapala (Shambaa) Maytenus undata Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles, medicinal PER/AME Mparachichi (Shambaa) Persea americana Low & submontane Exotic, fruits, shade VER Mpasa (Pare) Vernonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal DSP/FIS Mpatilavehe (Hehe) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood PIT/VIR Mpeeta (Hehe) Pittosporum viridiflorum Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood TRE/ORI Mpeho (Matengo) Trema orientalis Low & submontane Shade, firewood LPN/USA Mpekesa (Pogoro) Leptonychia usambarensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood, dye HYM/FLO Mpelema (Makonde) Hymenodictyon floribundum Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRW/PLA Mpelemense (Nyamwezi) Grewia platyclada Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PEL/PTE Mpeltofora (Swahili) Peltophorum pterocarpum Lowland Exotic, avenue tree SYZ/PAR Mpemba (Shambaa) Syzygium parvulum Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ERH Mpembati (Bena) Erythrophleum sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRN/PAV Mpembati (Pogoro) Tarenna pavettoides Low & submontane Medicinal BRH/MIC Mpembedza (Bena) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber TEC/NOB Mpembeza (Pogoro) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal DIA/HOL Mpepete (Makonde) Dialium holtzii Lowland Medicinal PSI/CAT Mpera (Shambaa) Psidium cattleianum Lowland Exotic, fruits, medicinal PSI/GUA Mpera (Swahili) Psidium guajava Lowland Exotic, fruits, medicinal PSI/CAT Mpera-­‐ngombe Psidium cattleianum Lowland Exotic, fruits, medicinal CMB/SCH Mpesa-­‐mwitu (Swahili) Combretum schumannii Lowland Woodfuel, timber DSC/LON Mpeta (Matengo) Discorea longicuspis Lowland Medicinal LEP Mpeta (Pogoro) Leptactina sp. Submontane Medicinal, firewood TRE/ORI Mpewa (Matengo) Trema orientalis Low & submontane Shade, firewood CST/ELA Mpia (Shambaa) Castilla elastica Lowland Exotic, rubber tree HEV/BRA Mpia (Shambaa) Hevea brasiliensis Lowland Exotic, rubber tree PYR/COM Mpiasi (Swahili) Pyrus communis Submontane Agricultural crop PRU/SER Mpichi (Swahili) Prunus persica Submontane Edible fruits, agricultural, exotic XIM/CAF Mpigipingi (Pogoro) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood PIL/THO Mpikito (Kwere) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental GRC/HUI Mpilipili (Gogo) Garcinia huillensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits PLM Mpilipili (Nyamwezi) Plumbago sp. Lowland Medicinal, ornamental SOR/MAD Mpilipili (Shambaa) Sorindeia madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal SOR/OBT Mpilipili (Pogoro) Sorindeia obtusifolia Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal WAR/STU Mpilipili (Swahili) Warburgia stuhlmanii Lowland Medicinal, timber, firewood SOR/MAD Mpilipili doria (Swahili) Sorindeia madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal SOR/MAD Mpilipinzi (Pogoro) Sorindeia madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal BRH/SPI Mpinati (Hehe) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber STS/KUN Mpindibago (Makonde) Stereospermum kunthianum Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal SEN/PET Mpingaume (Swahili) Senna petersiana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood XIM/CAF Mpingi (Makonde) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood XIM/CAF Mpingipingi (Matengo) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood DAL/MEL Mpingo (Swahili) Dalbergia melanoxylon Lowland Carvings, Woodfuel, timber MNH/GLA Mpira (Swahili) Manihot glaziovii Lowland Exotic, agricultural ZIZ/ABY Mpiripiri (Matengo) Ziziphus abyssinica Lowland Edible fruits VIT/DON Mpitimbi (Matengo) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber ALB Mpocha (Bena) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber POD/FAL Mpodo (Shambaa) Podocarpus falcatus Submontane Timber POD/LAT Mpodo (Shambaa) Podocarpus latifolius Submontane Timber POD/USA Mpodo (Swahili) Podocarpus usambarensis Submontane Timber

44 44 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CRO Mpofye (Fipa) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB/HAR Mpoghoo (Nyaturu) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber CTN/SPI Mpogolo (Hehe) Catunaregam spinosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood FAI/ALB Mpogolo (Hehe) Faidherbia albida Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry FAI/ALB Mpogoro (Bena) Faidherbia albida Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry ALB/AMA Mpogorobongole (Sukuma) Albizia amara Low & submontane Timber CUS/SPI Mpokiri (Chagga) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal PVT Mpoloto (Pogoro) Pavetta sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood COM/SER Mpoma wa msituni (Makonde) Commiphora serrata Lowland Firewood ERY/ABY Mpomboo (Lugulu) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental COM/BOI Mpome (Makonde) Commiphora boiviniana Lowland Firewood COM/MAD Mpome (Makonde) Commiphora Lowland Firewood madagascariensis COM/AFR Mponda (Sukuma) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin COM/AFR Mpondo (Nyamwezi) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin PON/PIN Mpongamia (Swahili) Pongamia pinnata Lowland Exotic, ornamental CTN/SPI Mpongolo (Hehe) Catunaregam spinosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood NBT/MAC Mpongolo (Pogoro) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood COR/SIN Mpoo (Shambaa) Cordia sinensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit COR/TOR Mpoo (Swahili) Cordia torrei Lowland Medicinal, firewood COM/BOI Mpopoma (Kwere) Commiphora boiviniana Lowland Firewood ARC/CAT Mpopoo (Swahili) Areca catechu Lowland Exotic, edible nuts LEU/LEU Mpopote (Shambaa) Leucaena leucocephala Lowland Exotic, agroforestry MEL/AZE Mpopote (Shambaa) Melia azedarach Lowland Timber, shade ALB/AMA Mporogoro (Nyamwezi) Albizia amara Low & submontane Timber MAE/LAN Mpororo (Chagga) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FIC/SAN Mporoto (Makonde) Ficus sansibarica Lowland Shade APH/THE Mpoumu (Gogo) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber COF/EUG Mpucha (Hehe) Coffea eugenioides Low & submontane Wild coffee, fruit DEI/BOR Mpugamahoke (Makonde) Deinbollia borbonica Lowland Medicinal CLR/MYR Mpugambu (Nyamwezi) Clerodendrum myricoides Lowland Fuelwood GRC Mpugopugo (Hehe) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood MRK/OBT Mpugupugu (Makonde) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles FLA/IND Mpuguswa (Sukuma) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood VIT/IRI Mpulu (Nyamwezi) Vitex iringensis Lowland Edible fruits, timber TER/KIL Mpululu (Shambaa) Terminalia kilimandscharica Lowland Timber, Woodfuel TER/PRU Mpululu (Shambaa) Terminalia prunioides Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TER/SAM Mpululu (Lugulu) Terminalia sambesiaca Lowland Timber, Woodfuel TER/SER Mpululu (Gogo) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TER/SER Mpululu (Hehe) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TRN/PAV Mpuma (Pogoro) Tarenna pavettoides Low & submontane Medicinal FIC/FIS Mpumba (Makonde) Ficus fischeri Low & submontane Shade MIL/EXC Mpumba (Makonde) Milicia excelsa Lowland Timber ROT/ENG Mpumba (Hehe) Rothmannia engleriana Lowland Medicinal, firewood, dye, fruits CLT/PRO Mpumbula (Sukuma) Calotropis procera Lowland Medicinal, ornamenta BRH/WAN Mpumbuli (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia wangermeeana Lowland Timber CUS Mpumbulu (Pogoro) Cussonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal SEN/OBT Mpumbunyama (Pogoro) Senna obtusifolia Lowland Medicinal, Ornamental ANH/GRA Mpumpati (Pogoro) Anthocleista grandiflora Low & submontane Medicinal ANH/GRA Mpumu (Shambaa) Anthocleista grandiflora Low & submontane Medicinal APH/THE Mpumu (Hehe) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber APH/THE Mpumu (Shambaa) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber POD/LAT Mpumu (Hehe) Podocarpus latifolius Submontane Timber STR/INN Mpundu (Fipa) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/INN Mpundu (Nyamwezi) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal RHU/NAT Mpungulu (Pare) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood ANT/MEM Mpunguu (Shambaa) Antidesma membranaceum Low & submontane Medicinal

45

45 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes OBE/RAD Mpupu (Shambaa) Obetia radula Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRG/BRE Mpupu (Swahili) Tragia brevipes Lowland Medicinal, ornamental MRK/OBT Mputi (Pogoro) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles SCB/RIO Mputika (Fipa) Schrebera koiloneura Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SCB/RIO Mputika (Nyamwezi) Schrebera koiloneura Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CLA/ANI Mputsa (Bena) Clausena anisata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood TEC/NOB Mputsa (Hehe) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/SIM Mputsa (Hehe) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal BRH/SPI Mputu (Fipa) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber CLR/GLA Mpwaga (Hehe) Clerodendrum glabrum Lowland Fuelwood BLI/UNI Mpwakapwaka (Digo) Blighia unijugata Low & submontane Timber, shade XYL/COL Mpwea (Makonde) Xylopia collina Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel DSP/SQU Mpweke (Shambaa) Diospyros squarrosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/ZAM Mpweke (Makonde) Diospyros zambensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood LNN/STU Mpwipwi (Makonde) Lannea stuhlmannii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood PVT/SCH Mpyupyu (Nyamwezi) Pavetta schumanniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood ADA/DIG Mramba (Pare) Adansonia digitata Lowland Food, fodder, rope, twine MAY/HET Mramba-­‐ngoma (Shambaa) Maytenus heterophylla Lowland Firewood CAS Mrema (Chagga) Casearia sp. Low & submontane Timber CRO Mremberembe (Pogoro) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BER/ABY Mrengwe (Chagga) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT Mrere (Bena) Zanthoxylum sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood BRH/SPI Mrihi (Shambaa) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber TRN/GRA Mrindati (Luo) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BER/ABY Mrindawa (Chagga) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood COR/AFR Mringaringa (Chagga) Cordia africana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry ALN/CHI Mringonu (Chagga) Alangium chinense Submontane Firewood, shade ALB/GUM Mririgwi (Pare) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber NEW/BUC Mririgwi (Pare) Newtonia buchanani Submontane Timber, firewood NEW/BUC Mriyo (Chagga) Newtonia buchanani Submontane Timber, firewood HAL/RUB Mromberombe (Shambaa) Hallea rubrostipulata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, timber MIT/RUB Mromberombe (Shambaa) Mitragyna rubrostipulata Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber MRD/AST Mromberombe (Shambaa) Morinda asteroscepa Lowland Medicinal, firewood MRN/OLI Mronge (Swahili) Moringa oliefera Lowland Salad, edible oil, medicinal ALB/SCH Mruka (Chagga) Albizia schimperiana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry CEL/DUR Mrundu (Chagga) Celtis durandii Low & submontane Firewood CAT/EDU Mrungi (Swahili) Catha edulis Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal PHY/DIS Mrwa (Chagga) Phyllanthus discoideus Lowland Medicinal PHO/REC Msaa (Shambaa) Phoenix reclinata Lowland Weaving, ornamental VAN/TOM Msaada (Nyamwezi) Vangueria tomentosa Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood VAN/LIN Msaadasada (Pogoro) Vangueria linearisepala Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood ANS/OBT Msaamti (Shambaa) Anisophyllea obtusifolia Lowland Firewood STE/QUI Msabala (Fipa) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber SAP/SAP Msabuni (Shambaa) Sapindus saponaria Lowland Medicinal, shade, soap, exotic OLI/USA Msada (Chagga) Olinia usambarensis Low & submontane Medicinal RYT Msada (Hehe) Rytigynia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VAN/INF Msada (Hehe) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood VAN/MAD Msada (Hehe) Vangueria madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood OCO/USA Msae (Pare) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber ILE/MIT Msaera (Chagga) Ilex mitis Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACL/FRU Msagatikizumba (Shambaa) Acalypha fruticosa Lowland Ornamental SPI/AFR Msagawi (Makonde) Spirostachys africana Lowland Medicinal, poles CRY/LIE Msagisagi (Shambaa) Cryptocarya liebentiana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CTE/CIR Msagisagi (Shambaa) Ctenitis cirrhosa Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CTE/LAN Msagisagi (Shambaa) Ctenitis langinosa Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM Msagusa (Shambaa) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood ALB/ADI Msai (Shambaa) Albizia adianthifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood, poles

46 46 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes SCN/VIR Msakalakwale (Kwere) Securinega virosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood VIS/ORI Msakame (Shambaa) Vismia orientalis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits CLU/ABY Msakasua (Shambaa) Clutia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal COM/NGA Msaki (Nyamwezi) Commiphora ngagensis Lowland Firewood ALB/ANN Msaku (Fipa) Albizia antunesiana Lowland Timber ALB/ANN Msakwi (Fipa) Albizia antunesiana Lowland Timber ANS/OBT Msala (Shambaa) Anisophyllea obtusifolia Lowland Firewood CLN/AMA Msala (Shambaa) Cleistanthus amaniensis Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CLN/POL Msala (Shambaa) Cleistanthus polystachyus Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood SPI/AFR Msalaka (Kwere) Spirostachys africana Lowland Medicinal, poles FRI/OBO Msalasi (Nyamwezi) Friesodielsia obovata Lowland Edible fruits SYZ Msalazi (Bena) Syzygium sp. Lowland Edible fruits DRA/LAX Msale (Hehe) Dracaena laxissima Low & submontane Demarcation, ornamental ZNT/CHA Msale (Pare) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood PSO/CAM Msalunhunda (Nyamwezi) Psorospermum campestre Lowland Medicinal, firewood ERT/EMA Msaluti (Lugulu) Erythroxylum emarginatum Lowland Medicinal, firewood COL/SCH Msamaka (Shambaa) Cola scheffleri Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras PAU/HOL Msamana (Chagga) Pauridiantha holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood PHY/ENG Msamayu (Shambaa) Phyllanthus engleri Lowland Edible fruits VAN/MAD Msambalawe (Hehe) Vangueria madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood VNG/LAN Msambalawe-­‐lulenga (Hehe) Vangueriopsis lanciflora Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood SYZ/CUM Msambarau (Pogoro) Syzygium cumini Lowland Exotic, shade, edible fruits, medicinal, timber RYT Msambarawe (Hehe) Rytigynia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VAN/INF Msambarawe (Hehe) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood ERI/JAP Msambia (Swahili) Eriobotrya japonica Low & submontane Edible fruits PAC/BRE Msambia (Shambaa) Pachystela brevipes Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PAC/MSO Msambia (Pare) Pachystela msolo Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PAC/MSO Msambia (Pogoro) Pachystela msolo Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PAC/MSO Msambia (Shambaa) Pachystela msolo Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood SID/BRE Msambia (Pogoro) Sideroxylon brevipes Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SYN/BRE Msambia (Shambaa) Synsepalum brevipes Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits SYN/CER Msambia (Pogoro) Synsepalum cerasiferum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits SYN/MSO Msambia (Shambaa) Synsepalum msolo Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits SYN/PAS Msambia (Shambaa) Synsepalum passargei Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits MLC/ALN Msambia-­‐ongwe (Shambaa) Malacantha alnifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PAC/BRE Msambicho (Pogoro) Pachystela brevipes Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood ALK/STU Msambu (Shambaa) Allanblackia stuhlmannii Submontane Edible oil CRP/FEB Msamzambeke (Nyamwezi) Crossopteryx febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood CMB/ZEY Msana (Nyamwezi) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal HYE/VER Msandarusi (Swahili) Hymenaea verrucosa Lowland Gum copal, firewood TES/MAR Msandarusi (Zigua) Tessmannia martiniana Lowland Gum copal, firewood CHA/LAW Msanduku (Swahili) Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental CUP/LUS Msanduku (Swahili) Cupressus lusitanica Submontane Exotic, timber, ornamental CUP/SEM Msanduku wima (Swahili) Cupressus sempervirens Submontane Exotic, ornamental BYR/BOI Msandurusi (Makonde) Byrsocarpus boivinianus Lowland Medicinal BRH/UTI Msangana (Pogoro) Brachystegia utilis Low & submontane Timber STM/SCH Msangana (Shambaa) Strombosia scheffleri Submontane Firewood, medicinal, timber HRR/ABY Msangarasi (Pogoro) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DSP Msangati (Fipa) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood PSL/MAP Msangati (Fipa) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia BRH/SPI Msangayombo (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber DAL/ELA Msangazi (Shambaa) Dalbergia elata Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine BRS/AFR Msangula (Shambaa) Brachystephanus africanus Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRS/HOL Msangula (Shambaa) Brachystephanus holstii Lowland Timber ALB/GUM Msani (Pare) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber

47

47 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes BRH/BOE Msani (Gogo) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/MIC Msani (Gogo) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber BRH/MIC Msani (Lugulu) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber GRW Msankua (Nyaturu) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood SLC/LEH Msanta (Shambaa) Salacia lehmbachii Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit SLC/LEP Msanta (Shambaa) Salacia leptoclada Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SLC/PYR Msanta (Shambaa) Salacia pyriformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SLC/STU Msanta (Shambaa) Salacia stuhlmanniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood MNL Msanyo (Fipa) Manilkara sp. Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LEO Msanzauki (Hehe) Leonotis sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood LEO/MOL Msanzauki (Gogo) Leonotis mollissima Lowland Medicinal, firewood CYC/CIR Msapo (Swahili) Cycas circinalis Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental CYC/REV Msapo (Swahili) Cycas revoluta Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental SPI/AFR Msaraka (Lugulu) Spirostachys africana Lowland Medicinal, poles ZIZ/MUC Msarakanga (Kurya) Ziziphus mucronata Lowland Edible fruits OCO/USA Msari (Chagga) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber ACA/MLL Msasa (Shambaa) Acacia mellifera Low & Submontane Firewood, beekeeping FIC/EXA Msasa (Shambaa) Ficus exasperata Low & submontane Shade RPN/RHO Msasa (Chagga) Rapanea rhododendroides Low & submontane Timber PVT/SCH Msasamlo (Hehe) Pavetta schumanniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALK/ULU Msasarari (Pogoro) Allanblackia ulugurensis Submontane Edible oil SHE/USA Msase (Shambaa) Shefflerodendron Submontane Medicinal, firewood usambarense OLE/USA Msasi (Fipa) Olea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber PRN/EXC Msaula (Pogoro) Parinari excelsa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood MAY/ACU Msausa (Chagga) Maytenus acuminata Submontane Firewood, tool handles PRN/CUR Msavula (Hehe) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PRN/CUR Msawula (Hehe) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood PSY/PET Msayu (Shambaa) Psychotria peteri Lowland Medicinal, firewood MNL/SUL Msazi (Bondei) Manilkara sulcata Lowland Edible fruits, firewood POD/FAL Mse (Shambaa) Podocarpus falcatus Submontane Timber POD/LAT Mse (Shambaa) Podocarpus latifolius Submontane Timber LPR/VOL Msebele (Hehe) Lepidotrichilia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood COF/EUG Msebere (Hehe) Coffea eugenioides Low & submontane Wild coffee, fruit SCC/BOI Msebere (Gogo) Sclerochiton boivini Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TOO/CIL Msederera-­‐toona (Shambaa) Toona ciliata Lowl & Submontane Exotic, timber CED/ODO Msedrela (Swahili) Cedrella odorata Lowland Exotic, timber ACA/PNT Msega (Gogo) Acacia pentagona Low & Submontane Shade, firewood PIL/THO Msegesha (Shambaa) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental PIL/THO Msegesi (Shambaa) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ACA/SCH Msegwa (Lugulu) Acacia schweinfurthii Lowland Firewood RHU/VUL Msehelela (Gogo) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood LNN/FUL Msehja (Nyamwezi) Lannea fulva Lowland Edible fruits, firewood VAN/API Mseka (Pogoro) Vangueria apiculata Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood BEI Msekala (Makonde) Beilschmiedia sp. Low & submontane Timber XLT/TET Msekaseka Xylotheca tettensis Lowland Medicinal, woodfuel, ornamental BRI/DUV Msekea (Nyaturu) Bridelia duvigneaudii Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BRI/DUV Msekea (Nyaturu) Bridelia duvigneaudii Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood ANT/VEN Msekela (Fipa) Antidesma venosum Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits ANT/VEN Msekela (Nyamwezi) Antidesma venosum Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits MEM/BRE Msekene (Shambaa) Memecylon brenanii Low & submontane Medicinal OCH/DEN Msekeseke (Shambaa) Ochna densicoma Lowland Medicinal, firewood PSL/MAP Mselekanga (Shambaa) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia JUN/PRO Mselemko Juniperus procera Submontane Timber, medicinal MAE/LAN Mselu (Matengo) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MNL/MOC Msema (Makonde) Manilkara mochisia Lowland Edible fruits, firewood

48 48 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes RHU/NAT Msempele (Shambaa) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood POL/SAL Msendeka (Matengo) Polygonum salicifolium Low & submontane Medicinal CRO/MEG Msenefu (Swahili) Croton megalocarpus Low & submontane Firewood, ornamental OLE/CHR Msenefu (Chagga) Olea chrysophylla Low & submontane Timber PRU/AFR Mseneo (Chagga) Prunus africana Submontane Medicinal, timber CSP/MAL Msengela (Hehe) Cassipourea malosana Submontane Timber, firewood CAS/BAT Msengela-­‐mtitu (Hehe) Casearia battiscombei Low & submontane Timber CSP/GUM Msengela-­‐mtitu (Hehe) Cassipourea gummiflua Submontane Timber, firewood CSP/MAL Msengela-­‐mwelu (Hehe) Cassipourea malosana Submontane Timber, firewood ACA/NIG Msengele (Makonde) Acacia nigrescens Low & Submontane Firewood, carving ACA Msengera (Makonde) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood SCB Mserenganga (Pogoro) Schrebera sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood AFR/VOL Msese (Gogo) Afrocrania volkensii Low & submontane Firewood AFR/VOL Msese (Hehe) Afrocrania volkensii Low & submontane Firewood CON/VOL Msese (Gogo) Cornus volkensii Low & submontane Firewood CON/VOL Msese (Hehe) Cornus volkensii Low & submontane Firewood RAU/CAF Msesewe (Chagga) Rauvolfia caffra Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, brewing DSP Mseule (Makonde) Diospyros sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALB/GLA Msewe (Zigua) Albizia glaberrima Low & submontane Timber ERY/ABY Msewe (Bondei) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental MNL/SUL Msezi (Lugulu) Manilkara sulcata Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MNL/SUL Msezi (Shambaa) Manilkara sulcata Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MNL/SUL Msezi (Swahili) Manilkara sulcata Lowland Edible fruits, firewood SID/INE Msezilugulu (Shambaa) Sideroxylon inerme Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DOM/ACU Mshafusha (Shambaa) Dombeya acutangula Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/CIN Mshafusha (Shambaa) Dombeya cincinnata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood DOM/ROT Mshafusha (Shambaa) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood DOM/SHU Mshafusha (Shambaa) Dombeya shupangae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, Near endemic to the Usambaras DOM/TAY Mshafusha (Shambaa) Dombeya taylorii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras DOM/TOR Mshafusha (Shambaa) Dombeya torrida Lowland Medicinal, firewood TRN/GRA Mshaghasha-­‐chole (Shambaa) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRN/NIG Mshaghasha-­‐chole (Shambaa) Tarenna nigrescens Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALB/ADI Mshai (Shambaa) Albizia adianthifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood, poles ALB/CHI Mshai (Shambaa) Albizia chinensis Submontane Exotic, fuel ALB/GUM Mshai (Shambaa) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber ALB/PET Mshai (Shambaa) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber ALB/SCH Mshai (Shambaa) Albizia schimperiana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry ALB/ZIM Mshai (Shambaa) Albizia zimmermannii Low & submontane Timber ALB/ADI Mshai-­‐mamba (Shambaa) Albizia adianthifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood, poles ALB/GLA Mshai-­‐mamba (Shambaa) Albizia glaberrima Low & submontane Timber ALB/GLB Mshai-­‐mamba (Shambaa) Albizia glabrescens Low & submontane Timber ALB/SCH/amaniensis Mshai-­‐mawe (Shambaa) Albizia schimperiana var. Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras amaniensis XYL/ANT Mshanene (Nyamwezi) Xylopia antunesii Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel APH/THE Msharashara (Pare) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber ERT Msharuti (Shambaa) Erythroxylum sp. Submontane Medicinal, firewood FIC/EXA Mshasha (Shambaa) Ficus exasperata Low & submontane Shade DAL/BOE Mshati (Pogoro) Dalbergia boehmii Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine HIB/FUS Mshawe (Pare) Hibiscus fuscus Lowland Flowers ART/ALT Mshelisheli (Swahili) Artocarpus altilis Lowland Exotic, fruits ISB/SCH Mshembeshembe (Shambaa) Isoberlinia scheffleri Low & submontane Timber, near endemic to the Usambaras MAR/DIS Mshembeshembe (Shambaa) Margaritaria discoidea Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MNL/OBO Mshezi (Shambaa) Manilkara obovata Submontane Edible fruits, firewood MNL/SUL Mshezi (Shambaa) Manilkara sulcata Lowland Edible fruits, firewood MNL/SAN Mshezimbago (Shambaa) Manilkara sansibarensis Lowland Edible fruits, firewood

49

49 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MNL/SUL Mshezimbago (Shambaa) Manilkara sulcata Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ERR/ATR Mshiashia (Shambaa) Erythrococca atrovirens Low & submontane Medicinal SYZ/GUI Mshihwi (Shambaa) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber SYZ/PAR Mshihwi (Shambaa) Syzygium parvulum Lowland Edible fruits, firewood SYZ/COR Mshihwi-­‐mazi (Shambaa) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits DLM/HOL Mshila (Shambaa) Dalium holtzii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood, fruits BRH/LON Mshilanga (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia longifolia Low & submontane Timber CRO/MAC Mshinduzi (Shambaa) Croton macrostachys Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal, shade CRO/SYL Mshinduzi (Swahili) Croton sylvaticus Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, poles POD/USA Mshinga (Pare) Podocarpus usambarensis Submontane Timber TRE/ORI Mshinga (Shambaa) Trema orientalis Low & submontane Shade, firewood UVR Mshofu (Shambaa) Uvariodendron sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/AMA Mshonganya (Shambaa) Rytigynia amaniensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CIT/AUR Mshuza (Shambaa) Citrus aurantium Lowland Exotic, fruit RPN/MEL Mshwizo (Shambaa) Rapanea melanophloeos Low & submontane Timber OCO/USA Msibisibi (Bena) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber SYZ Msichuhui (Bena) Syzygium sp. Lowland Edible fruits DOB/LOR Msiga (Shambaa) Dobera loranthifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, timber DOB/LOR Msigara (Kwere) Dobera loranthifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, timber TRE/GUI Msiginu (Shambaa) Trema guineense Low & submontane Shade, firewood DIC/CIN Msigisi (Shambaa) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal PIL/THO Msigisi (Makonde) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ACA/TOR Msikisi (Fipa) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood HER/LIT Msikundazi (Swahili) Heritiera littoralis Mangrove Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, tannin ECL/RAC Msiliza (Swahili) Euclea racemosa Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye UVA Msimba (Shambaa) Uvaria sp. Lowland Firewood, edible fruits PIN/CAR Msindano (Swahili) Pinus caribaea Lowland Exotic, timber, resins PIN/ELL Msindano (Swahili) Pinus elliottii Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/KES Msindano (Swahili) Pinus kesiya Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/MAX Msindano (Swahili) Pinus maximinoi Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/MON Msindano (Swahili) Pinus montezumae Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/OOC Msindano (Swahili) Pinus oocarpa Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/PAT Msindano (Swahili) Pinus patula Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/PSE Msindano (Swahili) Pinus pseudostrobus Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/RAD Msindano (Swahili) Pinus radiata Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/TAE Msindano (Swahili) Pinus taeda Submontane Exotic, timber, resins PIN/TEC Msindano (Swahili) Pinus tecunumannii Submontane Exotic, timber, resins DSP/MES Msinde (Fipa) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DSP/MES Msinde (Nyamwezi) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MIC/SYR Msinga (Gogo) Microglossa syringifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRE/GUI Msinga (Shambaa) Trema guineense Low & submontane Shade, firewood TRC/ACI Msinga (Shambaa) Tricalysia acidophylla Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras FLA/IND Msingila (Nyamwezi) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood GRW/GOE Msipami (Pogoro) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles TCR/NYA Msipiongo (Matengo) Tecomaria nyassae Submontane Firewood, ornamental SCU/MYR Msiru (Shambaa) Scutia myrtina Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit FAU/SAL Msise (Shambaa) Faurea saligna Low & submontane Poles, firewood TAM/IND Msisi (Nyamwezi) Tamarindus indica Lowland Fruits, Medicinal, Shade LON Msisima (Pogoro) Lonchocarpus sp. Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ALB/HAR Msisimisi (Shambaa) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber BRI/CAT Msisimisi (Shambaa) Bridelia cathartica Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BRI/MEL Msisimisi (Shambaa) Bridelia melanthesoides Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood ALB/HAR Msisina (Hehe) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber DSP/WHY Msisina (Hehe) Diospyros whyteana Lowland Medicinal, firewood

50 50 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes DSP/WHY Msisina (Shambaa) Diospyros whyteana Lowland Medicinal, firewood OCH/SCH Msisina (Pogoro) Ochna schweinfurthiana Lowland Medicinal, firewood SYZ/GUI Msiu (Pare) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber AUL/DIE Msiwa (Shambaa) Aulacocalyx diervilleoides Low & submontane Medicinal CRE/TRI Msiwa (Shambaa) Cremaspora triflora Submontane Medicinal, firewood CRO/GYN Msiwa (Shambaa) Croton gynopsis Lowland Firewood PSB/ABY Msiwa (Shambaa) Pseudobersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, firewood FAU/SAL Msizize (Shambaa) Faurea saligna Low & submontane Poles, firewood UVA/KIR Msofu (Lugulu) Uvaria kirkii Lowland Firewood, edible fruits UVR Msofu (Shambaa) Uvariodendron sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood UVA Msofusimba (Shambaa) Uvaria sp. Lowland Firewood, edible fruits MYS/AET Msoji (Lugulu) Mystroxylon aethiopicum Lowland Medicinal, firewood WAR/UGA Msokonii (Swahili) Lowland Medicinal, firewood ERY/ABY Msolankanga (Nyamwezi) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental CLR/CAP Msolo (Shambaa) Clerodendrum capitatum Lowland Fuelwood PSL/GLA Msolo (Shambaa) Pseudolachnostylis glauca Lowland Medicinal, firewood PSL/GLA Msolo (Lugulu) Pseudolachnostylis glauca Lowland Medicinal, firewood PSL/MAP Msolo (Lugulu) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia PSL/MAP Msolo (Makonde) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia HRR/ABY Msoma (Sukuma) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood FIC/SYC Msombe (Hehe) Ficus sycomorus Lowland Shade, Fruits PTR/ANG Msondwa (Fipa) Pterocarpus angolensis Lowland Timber HOL/FEB Msongalukuga (Nyamwezi) Holarrhena febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood DIP/MOS Msongo (Fipa) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis DIP/MOS Msongo (Nyamwezi) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis ALL/ABY Msongolia (Chagga) Allophylus abyssinicus Submontane Timber EUP/NYI Msongosongo (Pare) Euphorbia nyikae Lowland Medicinal, ornamental, fuel wood OXS/MSO Msoo-­‐mti (Shambaa) Oxystigma msoo Lowland Timber FIC/CRA Msoso (Shambaa) Ficus craterostoma Lowland Shade FIC/SUB Msoso (Shambaa) Ficus subcalcarata Low & submontane Shade POD/MIL Msoso (Chagga) Podocarpus milanjianus Submontane Timber FIC/CYA Msoso-­‐mazoya (Shambaa) Ficus cyathistipula Lowland Shade DOM/ROT Msoto (Lugulu) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood ANN/SEN Msrisirisi (Chagga) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANN/SQU Mstafeli (Swahili) Annona squamosa Lowland Exotic, fruits SYZ/COR Msu (Fipa) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits SYZ/GUI Msu (Fipa) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber BOM/RHO Msufi (Makonde) Bombax rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber CEI/PEN Msufi (Swahili) Ceiba pentandra Lowland Exotic, agricultural BOM/RHO Msufi pori (Lugulu) Bombax rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber RHO/SCH Msufi pori (Shambaa) Rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber schumannianum MAS/ARB Msufi-­‐mbago (Shambaa) Mascarenhasia arborescens Lowland Medicinal RHO/SCH Msufi-­‐mwitu (Shambaa) Rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber schumannianum BOM/RHO Msufimwitu (Shambaa) Bombax rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber THU/ORI Msuja (Swahili) Thuja orientalis Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental HOL/FEB Msukamwa (Pogoro) Holarrhena febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/POL Msukanzi (Hehe) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood BRI/CAT Msukuliro (Pogoro) Bridelia cathartica Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood CNT/BUR Msule (Nyaturu) Canthium burtii Lowland Edible fruits GRC Msulula (Nyamwezi) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood

51

51 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MCR/KIL Msululu (Fipa) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood TRN/GRA Msungura (Shambaa) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STP/COU Msungururu (Shambaa) Strophanthus courmontii Lowland Medicinal PSY/PET Msuru (Shambaa) Psychotria peteri Lowland Medicinal, firewood COM/SCH Msusu (Pare) Commiphora schimperi Low & submontane Firewood BSC Msusula (Nyamwezi) Boscia sp. Lowland Edible fruits ALB/VER Mswaga (Nyamwezi) Albizia versicolor Low & submontane Timber MRK/OBT Mswainya (Fipa) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles OXY/PYR Mswaki (Shambaa) Oxyanthus pyriformis Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras SLV/PER Mswaki (Swahili) Salvadora persica Lowland Chewing stick, firewood LAN/KIR Mswana (Hehe) Landolphia kirkii Lowland Medicinal DAL Mswati (Pogoro) Dalbergia sp. Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine MRK/LUT Mtaanda (Shambaa) Markhamia lutea Lowland Medicinal, firewood MRK/ZAN Mtaanda (Shambaa) Markhamia zanzibarica Lowland Medicinal, firewood COF/EUG Mtabagira (Hehe) Coffea eugenioides Low & submontane Wild coffee, fruit CAM/GOE Mtabege (Pogoro) Camptopus goetzei Lowland Medicinal PTL Mtachi (Kwere) Pteleopsis sp. Lowland Timber PTL Mtachi (Makonde) Pteleopsis sp. Lowland Timber OCO/USA Mtakambwa (Gogo) Ocotea usambarensis Low & submontane Timber LAM/ZAN Mtakombuya (Kwere) Lamprothamnus Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, poles zanguebaricus WAR/UGA Mtakombwa (Hehe) Warburgia ugandensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood OCH/DEN Mtakua (Shambaa) Ochna densicoma Lowland Medicinal, firewood OCH/HOL Mtakua (Shambaa) Ochna holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood VIT/MOM Mtalali (Nyamwezi) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood MRK/ACU Mtalawanda (Nyamwezi) Markhamia acuminata Lowland Medicinal, firewood MRK/PLA Mtalawanda (Swahili) Markhamia platycalyx Low & submontane Timber MRK/PUB Mtalawanda (Shambaa) Markhamia puberula Lowland Medicinal, firewood MRK/ZAN Mtalawanda (Lugulu) Markhamia zanzibarica Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/POL Mtalula (Pogoro) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood AFZ/QUA Mtamaa (Makonde) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber DEI Mtamaa kuzimu (Shambaa) Deinbollia sp. Lowland Medicinal TUR/FLO Mtamagoa (Swahili) Turraea floribunda Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CMB/QUA Mtamala (Fipa) Combretum quainzii Lowland Woodfuel ACA/MAC Mtamba (Sukuma) Acacia macrothyrsa Lowland Firewood FIC/STU Mtamba (Hehe) Ficus stuhlmannii Low & submontane Shade, fruit CEP/USA Mtambaa (Shambaa) Cephalosphaera usambarensis Submontane Timber, near endemic to the Usambaras GRA/BOI Mtambaa mkoa (Shambaa) Grandidiera boivinii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, ornamental DSP/SQU Mtambaamshwa (Shambaa) Diospyros squarrosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAY/ACU Mtamu (Hehe) Maytenus acuminata Submontane Firewood, tool handles THN/GEN Mtamvua (Hehe) Thunbergia gentianoides Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MUN/SER Mtandala (Nyamwezi) Mundulea sericea Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles BRH/MIC Mtandi (Makonde) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber KIG/AFR Mtandi (Makonde) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal ALB Mtanga (Fipa) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber ALB Mtanga (Makonde) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber ALB Mtanga (Pogoro) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber ALB/ADI Mtanga (Pogoro) Albizia adianthifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood, poles ALB/GUM Mtanga (Gogo) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber ALB/GUM Mtanga (Hehe) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber ALB/SCH Mtanga (Hehe) Albizia schimperiana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry ALB/SCH Mtanga (Matengo) Albizia schimperiana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry ALB/VER Mtanga (Kwere) Albizia versicolor Low & submontane Timber ALB/VER Mtanga (Makonde) Albizia versicolor Low & submontane Timber ERH/AFR Mtanga (Makonde) Erythrophleum africanum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STR/SPI Mtangadasi (Hehe) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal

52 52 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes EHR Mtangakulai (Pogoro) Ehretia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal GRW/GOE Mtapwiche (Makonde) Grewia goetzeana Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, poles MRK/OBT Mtarawanda (Swahili) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles MRK/ZAN Mtarawanda (Swahili) Markhamia zanzibarica Lowland Medicinal, firewood BPH Mtasi (Makonde) Baphiopsis sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood TEC/NOB Mtasi (Gogo) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal ACA/MEL Mtasimana (Hehe) Acacia melanoxylon Lowland Exotic, agroforestry BER/ABY Mtata (Shambaa) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood TRH/EME Mtatambi (Pogoro) Trichilia emetica Lowland Timber, firewood, shade SWA/MAD Mtaule (Makonde) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles MRK/HIL Mtawalawanda (Shambaa) Markhamia hildebrandtii Lowland Medicinal, firewood PLT/STU Mtawe (Shambaa) Polyalthia stuhlmannii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood ANR Mtee (Shambaa) Antiaris sp. Low & submontane Medicinal MAE/LAN Mtei (Shambaa) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TCM/STA Mtekoma (Swahili) Tecoma stan Low & submontane Exotic, ornamental RAU/CAF Mtela wa mbamba (Matengo) Rauvolfia caffra Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, brewing VNG/LAN Mtelalala (Makonde) Vangueriopsis lanciflora Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood MAE/LAN Mtelapa (Fipa) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TAB/VEN Mtelawa (Matengo) Tabernaemontana ventricosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood DOB/LOR Mtele (Makonde) Dobera loranthifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, timber BRH/LON Mtelela (Pogoro) Brachystegia longifolia Low & submontane Timber BRH/MIC Mtelela (Gogo) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber BRH/MIC Mtelela (Pogoro) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber MLT Mtendawala (Makonde) Millettia sp. Lowland Timber, shade PHO/DAC Mtende (Swahili) Phoenix dactylifera Lowland Exotic, fruits LPN/USA Mtengu (Shambaa) Leptonychia usambarensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood, dye RCN/GRA Mteno (Makonde) Ricinodendron gracilior Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood NEW/PAU Mtenwe (Shambaa) Newtonia paucijuga Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras CAP/TOM Mtera (Pare) Capparis tomentosa Lowland Medicinal, fodder HMN/ULM Mtete (Kwere) Hymenocardia ulmoides Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCR/LON Mteyo, Mteyu (Nyamwezi) Securidaca longipedunculata Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRM/DIS Mtifita (Fipa) Berchemia discolor Low & submontane Timber, medicinal CMB/HER Mtikanyumbo (Makonde) Combretum hereroense Low & submontane Woodfuel TCT/GRA Mtiki (Shambaa) Tectona grandis Lowland Exotic, timber TCT/GRA Mtiki, Msaji (Swahili) Tectona grandis Lowland Exotic, timber ACR/FRA Mtikivuli (Swahili) Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Low & submontane Exotic, timber and amenity CED/ODO Mtikununka (Shambaa) Cedrella odorata Lowland Exotic, timber GLI/SEP Mtimaji (Swahili) Gliricidia sepium Lowland Exotic, agroforestry XYL/ANT Mtimbambuzya (Fipa) Xylopia antunesii Lowland Medicinal, poles, woodfuel PIL/THO Mtindambogo (Nyamwezi) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental CUS Mtindi (Bondei) Cussonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal CUS Mtindi (Shambaa) Cussonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/ZIM Mtindi (Pogoro) Cussonia zimmermannii Low & submontane Medicinal RCN/HEU Mtindie (Shambaa) Ricinodendron heudelotii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruit ALL Mtindu (Shambaa) Allophylus sp. Submontane Timber LNN/HUM Mtinje (Sukuma) Lannea humilis Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LNN/TOM Mtinje (Nyamwezi) Lannea tomentosa Lowland Edible fruits, firewood TER/TOR Mtisi (Nyamwezi) Terminalia torulosa Lowland Firewood, poles ALL/ABY Mtitu (Shambaa) Allophylus abyssinicus Submontane Timber DSP/ABY Mtitu (Shambaa) Diospyros abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, firewood, timber DSP/FER Mtitu (Shambaa) Diospyros ferrea Lowland Exotic. medicinal, firewood, fruits DSP/KAB Mtitu (Shambaa) Diospyros kabuyeana Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood DSP/MES Mtitu (Shambaa) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood

53

53 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes DSP/NAT Mtitu (Shambaa) Diospyros natalensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/OCC Mtitu (Shambaa) Diospyros occulta Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/WHY Mtitu (Bena) Diospyros whyteana Lowland Medicinal, firewood DSP/MOL Mtitu-­‐mdaa (Shambaa) Diospyros mollis Lowland Exotic, medicinal, firewood DIP/MOS Mtobwe (Shambaa) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis MIM Mtobwe (Shambaa) Mimusops sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood MIM/AED Mtobwe (Shambaa) Mimusops aedificatoria Lowland Medicinal, firewood DOM/SHU Mtoche (Pogoro) Dombeya shupangae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, Near endemic to the Usambaras DIP/CON Mtogo (Lugulu) Diplorhynchus condylocarpon Low & submontane Medicinal, birdlime DIP/CON Mtogo (Pogoro) Diplorhynchus condylocarpon Low & submontane Medicinal, birdlime DIP/MOS Mtogo (Kwere) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis DIP/MOS Mtogo (Makonde) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis DIP/MOS Mtogo (Shambaa) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis SEN/SIN Mtogo (Nyaturu) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits ANN/SEN Mtomoko (Shambaa) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANN/SEN Mtomokwe (Shambaa) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes DIP/CON Mtomoni (Makonde) Diplorhynchus condylocarpon Low & submontane Medicinal, birdlime ANT/VEN Mtompa (Fipa) Antidesma venosum Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits BRH/SPI Mtondo (Makonde) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber BRH/SPI Mtondolo (Shambaa) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber SCL/BIR Mtondooko (Matengo) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber BRH/SPI Mtondoro (Lugulu) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber KHA/ANT Mtondoro (Shambaa) Khaya anthotheca Lowland Timber STR/HEN Mtonga (Lugulu) Strychnos henningsii Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/INN Mtonga (Pogoro) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/INN Mtonga (Swahili) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/MAD Mtonga (Shambaa) Strychnos madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/MAD Mtonga (Swahili) Strychnos madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/MIT Mtonga (Shambaa) Strychnos mitis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/SCM Mtonga (Nyamwezi) Strychnos schumanniana Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/SPI Mtonga (Shambaa) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/STU Mtonga (Shambaa) Strychnos stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, firewood STR/USA Mtonga (Shambaa) Strychnos usambarensis Low & submontane Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood STR/INN Mtongafyala (Shambaa) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/MAD Mtonganyani (Kwere) Strychnos madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal SOL/MAN Mtongatonga (Pogoro) Solanecio mannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STR/COC Mtongatonga (Makonde) Strychnos cocculoides Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood STR/INN Mtongatonga (Gogo) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/SPI Mtongatonga (Pogoro) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal ANN/SEN Mtonkwe (Shambaa) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes COM/AFR Mtono (Hehe) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin COM/MOZ Mtono (Hehe) Commiphora mossambicensis Lowland Firewood MEM/BRE Mtonte (Shambaa) Memecylon brenanii Low & submontane Medicinal CYL/PAR Mtonto (Shambaa) Cylicomorpha parviflora Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental ANN/SEN Mtope (Makonde) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANN/SEN Mtopeta (Pogoro) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANN/CHR Mtopetope (Nyamwezi) Annona chrysophylla Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANN/MUR Mtopetope (Swahili) Annona muricata Lowland Exotic, fruits ANN/SEN Mtopetope (Makonde) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANN/SEN Mtopetope (Shambaa) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANN/SEN Mtopetope (Swahili) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes ANC/PET Mtoria (Swahili) Ancylobothrys petersiana Lowland Medicinal, edible fruits

54 54 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes HMN/ULM Mtoto (Makonde) Hymenocardia ulmoides Lowland Medicinal, firewood PSL/MAP Mtoto (Pogoro) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia MAU/TRI Mtotsi (Hehe) Maerua triphylla Low & submontane Ornamental, firewood DIP/MOS Mtowe (Pogoro) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis GRC/VOL Mtowiri (Chagga) Garcinia volkensii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye AZN/GAR Mtowo (Hehe) Azanza garckeana Lowland Edible fruits CRO Mtowo (Makonde) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood THS/GAR Mtowo (Nyamwezi) Thespesia garckeana Lowland Medicinal, edible fruits AZN/GAR Mtoyo (Gogo) Azanza garckeana Lowland Edible fruits XIM/AME Mtrio (Nyaturu) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood XIM/CAF Mtrondwe (Nyaturu) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood JUS/SAL Mtrumbo (Nyaturu) Justicia salvioides Lowland Medicinal XYM/MON Mtsengela (Gogo) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber MAE/LAN Mtuandu (Hehe) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VER/SUB Mtugutu (Hehe) Vernonia subuligera Low & submontane Medicinal BSC/SAL Mtukuli (Makonde) Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal CEL Mtulambungu (Pogoro) Celtis sp. Lowland Firewood ANT Mtuluma (Pogoro) Antidesma sp. Low & submontane Medicinal HAG/ABY Mtulunga (Bena) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber VER Mtumbakotumbaku (Pogoro) Vernonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal MAE/LAN Mtumbaku (Shambaa) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PTR/ANG Mtumbati (Makonde) Pterocarpus angolensis Lowland Timber XIM/AME Mtumbatumba (Hehe) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood XIM/AME Mtumbitumbi (Kwere) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood TIN/AET Mtumbulafigi (Hehe) Tinnea aethiopica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ERT/FIS Mtunda (Kwere) Erythroxylum fischeri Submontane Medicinal, firewood ERT/FIS Mtunda (Makonde) Erythroxylum fischeri Submontane Medicinal, firewood PAP/CAP Mtundawe (Pare) Pappea capensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits BRH/SPI Mtundu (Fipa) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber BRH/SPI Mtundu (Gogo) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber BRH/SPI Mtundu (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber SWA/MAD Mtundu (Pogoro) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles DIC/GLO Mtundulu (Nyamwezi) Dichrostachys glomerata Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal XIM/AME Mtundutwa (Pare) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ACA/ROV Mtundwa (Nyamwezi) Acacia rovumae Lowland Firewood XIM/AME Mtundwa (Nyamwezi) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood XIM/CAF Mtundwa (Nyamwezi) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood XIM/AME Mtundwahavi (Hehe) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood XIM/AME Mtundwi (Shambaa) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood CSS/ABB Mtungulu (Nyaturu) Cassia abbreviata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PSL/MAP Mtungulu (Nyamwezi) Pseudolachnostylis Lowland Medicinal, firewood maprouneifolia ZIZ/MAU Mtungutu (Gogo) Ziziphus mauritiana Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, firewood XIM/CAF Mtungwa (Pogoro) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood COM/AFR Mtuntwi (Shambaa) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin HRN/MAD Mtunu (Pogoro) Harungana madagascariensis Submontane Medicinal, firewood RHU/NAT Mtunumbi (Hehe) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood RHU/VUL Mtunumbi (Hehe) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood RHU/LON Mtunumbi mgosi (Hehe) Rhus longipes Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood DOM Mtununu (Bena) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood PED/VOL Mturucha (Chagga) Peddiea volkensii Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/NIL Mtusi (Shambaa) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood MLT Mtute (Pogoro) Millettia sp. Lowland Timber, shade CTN/SPI Mtutuma (Lugulu) Catunaregam spinosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/SCH Mtuwavua (Shambaa) Rytigynia schumannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood

55

55 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes EKE/BEN Mtuzya (Nyamwezi) Ekebergia benguelensis Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood DOM/SHU Mtwali (Gogo) Dombeya shupangae Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, Near endemic to the Usambaras PLT Mtwango (Gogo) Polyalthia sp. Lowland Medicinal RCN/HEU Mtwatwa (Shambaa) Ricinodendron heudelotii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruit SCP/ZEY Mtwi-­‐wa-­‐mpaa (Shambaa) Scolopia zeyheri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit COM/PTE Mtwinhwi (Lugulu) Commiphora pteleifolia Low & submontane Firewood COM/EMI Mtwini (Lugulu) Commiphora eminii Lowland Firewood COM/PTE Mtwini (Lugulu) Commiphora pteleifolia Low & submontane Firewood COM/PIL Mtwintwi (Shambaa) Commiphora pilosa Lowland Firewood RHO/SCH Muae (Shambaa) Rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber schumannianum ERH Muafi (Bena) Erythrophleum sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood JAS/FLU Muafu, Mwafu (Swahili) Jasminum fluminense Low & submontane Ornamental JAS/STE Muafu, Mwahu (Swahili) Jasminum stenolobum Low & submontane Ornamental TAB/VEN Muambe (Shambaa) Tabernaemontana ventricosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood VOA/AFR Muambe (Shambaa) Voacanga africana Lowland Medicinal, firewood VOA/THO Muambe (Shambaa) Voacanga thouarsii Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCO/FIS Muandwe (Shambaa) Scorodophloeus fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, near endemic to the Usambaras MYR/SAL Muangwi (Pare) Myrica salicifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood NUX/FLO Muasho (Pare) Nuxia floribunda Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood EUP/TIR Muasi (Pare) Euphorbia tirucalli Lowland Fence, graveyard, medicinal FRN/MAG Muava (Shambaa) Fernandoa magnifica Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental ISB/GLO Muba, Muva (Nyamwezi) Isoberlinia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage JUL/GLO Muba, Muva (Nyamwezi) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage TRE/ORI Mubefu (Hehe) Trema orientalis Low & submontane Shade, firewood HAP/FOL Mubembadanda (Pogoro) Haplocoelum foliolosum Submontane Medicinal, firewood DAL/BOE Mubibi (Nyaturu) Dalbergia boehmii Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine ACA/NIG Muchapaka (Kwere) Acacia nigrescens Low & Submontane Firewood, carving MYS/AET Muchwachwi (Nyaturu) Mystroxylon aethiopicum Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/PNT Mudabwa (Nyaturu) Acacia pentagona Low & Submontane Shade, firewood CAP/TOM Mudabwa (Nyaturu) Capparis tomentosa Lowland Medicinal, fodder CAS/GLA Mudegepa (Hehe) Casearia gladiiformis Low & submontane Timber CAS/BAT Mudegeta (Hehe) Casearia battiscombei Low & submontane Timber HIP/PAR Mudimampahi (Nyaturu) Hippocratea parviflora Lowland Medicinal, firewood OPU/VUL Mudondoki (Nyaturu) Opuntia vulgaris Lowland Exotic, ornamental, fruit PYN/MAC Muekei (Shambaa) Pynocoma macrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood GRW/PLA Mufughuha (Nyaturu) Grewia platyclada Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood VIT/KEN Mufuu (Nyaturu) Vitex keniensis Lowland Exotic, edible fruits, Timber, only planted in Amani and Lushoto ACA/TAN Muganga (Nyaturu) Acacia tanganyikensis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood CHS Muganga (Pogoro) Chassalia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal CHS/ALB Muganga (Pogoro) Chassalia albiflora Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BRH/MIC Mugeagea (Nyaturu) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber COM/ENG Mughayankuya (Nyaturu) Commiphora engleri Lowland Firewood ZIZ/MUC Mughughunu (Nyaturu) Ziziphus mucronata Lowland Edible fruits VPR/GLO Mughwang'ombe (Nyaturu) Vepris glomerata Lowland Medicinal, firewood ZAN/AFR Mugirilama (Kurya) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit PRG/DAE Mugodogodo (Nyaturu) Pergularia daemia Lowland Medicinal FLA/IND Mugola (Hehe) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood PTE/MIL Mugomka (Lugulu) Pterygota mildbraedii Lowland Medicinal, firewood CNT/HUI Mugondwi (Hehe) Canthium huillense Lowland Firewood NUX/FLO Mugongo (Hehe) Nuxia floribunda Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SCL/BIR Mugongo (Fipa) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber MAU/EDU Mugufe (Nyaturu) Maerua edulis Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruit MAU/TRI Mugufi (Nyaturu) Maerua triphylla Low & submontane Ornamental, firewood

56 56 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes UAP/KIR Muguhu (Hehe) Uapaca kirkiana Low & submontane Timber, Fruits, firewood BSC/SAL Muguka (Nyaturu) Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal STG/ARA Mugunduru (Luo) Steganotaenia araliacea Low & submontane Medicinal BRI/SAL Muhahasa (Hehe) Bridelia salviifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood LSD/MIL Muhai (Haya) Lasiodiscus mildbraedii Low & submontane Firewood, poles MAU/KIR Muhakala (Makonde) Maerua kirkii Lowland Medicinal, firewood KOT/STR Muhalagatu (Hehe) Kotschya strigosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PTR/CHR Muhalaka (Makonde) Pterocarpus chrysothrix Lowland Timber SHE/USA Muhande (Shambaa) Shefflerodendron Submontane Medicinal, firewood usambarense HIB/DIV Muhangana (Hehe) Hibiscus diversifolius Lowland Edible flowers DOD/VIS Muhani (Hehe) Dodonaea viscosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood, hedge ACA/TOR Muhare (Kurya) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood SEN/SIN Muhasa (Hehe) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits RHU/NAT Muhehefu (Hehe) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood ECL/DIV Muhekele (Hehe) Euclea divinorum Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye ECL/NAT Muhekele (Hehe) Euclea natalensis Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye PLC/OVA Muhembe (Nyaturu) Pluchea ovalia Lowland Medicinal CUS/HOL Muhemi (Hehe) Cussonia holstii Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/SPI Muhemi (Hehe) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal ERY/ABY Muheni (Hehe) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental MUN/SER Muheruheru (Nyaturu) Mundulea sericea Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles VAN/ACU Muhilu (Makonde) Vangueria acutiloba Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood OCH/MOS Muhindama (Makonde) Ochna mossambicensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood CMB/BIN Muhindila (Makonde) Combretum binderianum Low & submontane Woodfuel BSC Muhingiha (Nyaturu) Boscia sp. Lowland Edible fruits SCB/ALA Muhongola (Hehe) Schrebera alata Low & submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood BRC/HUI Muhugwe (Lugulu) Brachylaena huillensis Lowland Timber BRC/HUT Muhuhu (Shambaa) Brachylaena hutchinsii Lowland Timber TCC/ELL Muhuka (Hehe) Trichocladus ellipticus Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRH/EME Muhukulio (Makonde) Trichilia emetica Lowland Timber, firewood, shade PSO/FEB Muhulanzuma (Hehe) Psorospermum febrifugum Lowland Medicinal, firewood CAT/EDU Muhulo (Hehe) Catha edulis Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal ACA/CLA Muhungo (Makonde) Acacia clavigera Lowland Firewood ACA/ROB Muhungo (Makonde) Acacia robusta Lowland Firewood PAP/CAP Muhungulu (Hehe) Pappea capensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits SOR Muhuu (Pogoro) Sorindeia sp. Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal SYZ/GUI Muhuu (Hehe) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber BSC/MOS Muhwisa (Hehe) Boscia mossambicensis Lowland Edible fruits, arrows MAU/PAR Muhwisa (Hehe) Maerua parvifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRG/GYM Mui (Swahili) Brugueira gymnorhiza Mangrove Medicinal, poles, woodfuel ANT/MEM Muindi (Shambaa) Antidesma membranaceum Low & submontane Medicinal ANT/VEN Muindi (Shambaa) Antidesma venosum Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits STR/SCH Muishi (Shambaa) Strychnos scheffleri Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal TRC/CAC Mujengambuli (Nyaturu) Tricalysia cacondensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood ZAN/AFR Mujiru (Nyaturu) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit COM/AFR Mujohu (Nyaturu) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin BOR/AET Mukae (Nyaturu) Borassus aethiopum Lowland Edible fruits CNT/HUI Mukangalahasi (Nyaturu) Canthium huillense Lowland Firewood BRK/ZAN Mukavi (Shambaa) Brackenridgea zanguebarica Lowland Medicinal, firewood ROT/MAC Mukepuka (Hehe) Rothmannia macrosiphon Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye ACA/SIE Mukese (Nyaturu) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood ACA/STU Mukese (Nyaturu) Acacia stuhlmannii Lowland Firewood TRP/MAC Mukhatununtu (Nyaturu) Triaspis macropteron Lowland Medicinal ACA/STU Mukhese (Nyaturu) Acacia stuhlmannii Lowland Firewood

57

57 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes ACA/PNT Mukhuu (Nyaturu) Acacia pentagona Low & Submontane Shade, firewood LSD/MIL Mukia (Nyamwezi) Lasiodiscus mildbraedii Low & submontane Firewood, poles DOM Mukiwu (Hehe) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood DRA/LAX Mukiwu (Hehe) Dracaena laxissima Low & submontane Demarcation, ornamental VIT/DON Mukoga (Hehe) Vitex doniana Lowland Edible fruits, Timber SCB/ALA Mukomamwiko (Hehe) Schrebera alata Low & submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood GRW Mukomorio (Luo) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood LOV/BRO Mukongoro (Shambaa) Lovoa brownii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, timber COM/FIS Mukunku (Nyaturu) Commiphora fischeri Lowland Firewood VAN/INF Mulada (Nyaturu) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood FAD Mulade-­‐a-­‐funga (Nyaturu) Fadogia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits CNT/BUR Mulade-­‐nu-­‐nyui (Nyaturu) Canthium burtii Lowland Edible fruits PET/OVA Mulagha-­‐njuki (Nyaturu) Peterodendron ovatum Lowland Medicinal, firewood PET Mulaghanjuki (Nyaturu) Peterodendron sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood HYP/VEN Mulale (Nyaturu) Hyphaene ventricosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits, fibre ROT/ENG Mulambuda (Nyaturu) Rothmannia engleriana Lowland Medicinal, firewood, dye, fruits VAN/MAD Mulande-­‐nu-­‐kue (Nyaturu) Vangueria madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood EUP/CAN Mulangali (Nyaturu) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ALB/ANN Mulelulelu (Hehe) Albizia antunesiana Lowland Timber DAL/NIT Mulengwe (Hehe) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles CSP/MOL Mulugala (Nyamwezi) Cassipourea mollis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood MUN/SER Mulumangenge (Hehe) Mundulea sericea Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles KIG/AFR Mulumbi (Nyaturu) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal LNN/FUL Mulumbi (Nyaturu) Lannea fulva Lowland Edible fruits, firewood FAG/ANG Mulungulungu (Hehe) Fagaropsis angolensis Low & submontane Timber, woodfuel ZNT Mulungulungu (Hehe) Zanthoxylum sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ZNT Mulungutitu (Nyaturu) Zanthoxylum sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood MUN/SER Muluvasunza (Hehe) Mundulea sericea Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles PLE/IGN Mulyagitwi (Nyaturu) Plectranthus ignarius Lowland Medicinal MAU Mulyahaghii (Nyaturu) Maerua sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood PLG/VIR Mulyamoto (Hehe) Polygala virgata Low & submontane Medicinal CRH/SES Mulyangungu (Gogo) Ceratotheca sesamoides Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, vegetable CMB/ZEY Mulyasenga (Hehe) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal SWA/MAD Mulyasenga (Hehe) Swartzia madagascariensis Lowland Timber, firewood, poles ENT/ABY Mumbee (Nyaturu) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood DSP/FIS Mumbiluilu (Nyaturu) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood JUS/SAL Mumbiyi (Nyaturu) Justicia salvioides Lowland Medicinal LNN/AMA Mumbu (Shambaa) Lannea amaniensis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood MAR/DIS Mumemameno (Hehe) Margaritaria discoidea Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MAR/DIS Mumihyo (Nyaturu) Margaritaria discoidea Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CTN/SPI Mumpongwa (Nyaturu) Catunaregam spinosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood DOV Mumui (Iraqw) Dovyalis sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, fence ACA/HOC Munagani (Nyaturu) Acacia hockii Low & Submontane Firewood EUP/GRA Munala (Nyaturu) Euphorbia grantii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental CMB/PAD Munang'ana (Nyaturu) Combretum padoides Lowland Woodfuel TRL/ANG Munanyo (Shambaa) Trachylobium angolensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood PRN/CUR Munazi (Gogo) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood STE/QUI Munene (Makonde) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber TCH/ZEY Mungang'a (Nyaturu) Trichodesma zeylanicum Low & submontane Medicinal NUX/CON Mungogo (Hehe) Nuxia congesta Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood RHY/RES Mungongo (Nyaturu) Rhynchosia resinosa Lowland Medicinal PVT/SCH Munkani (Nyaturu) Pavetta schumanniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood ISB Munsa (Nyamwezi) Isoberlinia sp. Low & submontane Timber MIC/OBL Munsingili (Nyaturu) Microglossa oblongifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BSC/MOS Muntumba (Nyaturu) Boscia mossambicensis Lowland Edible fruits, arrows EUP/TIR Munungi (Nyaturu) Euphorbia tirucalli Lowland Fence, graveyard, medicinal STR/SCM Munungi (Fipa) Strychnos schumanniana Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal

58 58 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes TCR/NYA Mununu (Hehe) Tecomaria nyassae Submontane Firewood, ornamental DRO/PTE Munyakwihonga (Hehe) Droogmansia pteropus Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental RPN/PUL Munyalati (Hehe) Rapanea pulchra Low & submontane Timber COR Munyamasa (Hehe) Cordia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood PHY/RET Munyamtitu (Hehe) Phyllanthus reticulatus Lowland Medicinal, firewood IND/RHY Munyanandala (Hehe) Indigofera rhynchocarpa Lowland Firewood, medicinal CEL/DUR Munyangara (Pogoro) Celtis durandii Low & submontane Firewood CUS/HOL Munyaudeke (Hehe) Cussonia holstii Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/SPI Munyaudeke (Hehe) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal PRO/RUB Munyigi (Hehe) Protea rubrobracteata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ZAL/PEN Munyiguu (Nyaturu) Zaleya pentandra Lowland Medicinal FAU Munyika (Bena) Faurea sp. Low & submontane Poles, firewood RIC/COM Munyongo (Nyaturu) Ricinus communis Lowland Exotic, medicinal CUS/HOL Munyonzolo (Hehe) Cussonia holstii Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/SPI Munyonzolo (Hehe) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal SND/GRA Munyughe (Nyaturu) Synadenium grantii Low & submontane Ornamental, medicinal HAP/FOL Munyume (Nyaturu) Haplocoelum foliolosum Submontane Medicinal, firewood PRE/SOM Munyunkanyunki (Nyaturu) Premna senensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood JUL/GLO Munza (Fipa) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage AFS/CER Muohoyo (Shambaa) Afrosersalicia cerasifera Low & submontane Firewood MIM/KUM Muohoyo (Shambaa) Mimusops kummel Lowland Medicinal, firewood SYN/CER Muohoyo (Shambaa) Synsepalum cerasiferum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits MAY/DRU Muomo-­‐wa-­‐msozi (Shambaa) Maytenus drummondii Lowland Firewood AGR/SAL Muona (Chagga) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood CRE/TRI Muovu (Shambaa) Cremaspora triflora Submontane Medicinal, firewood NEW/HIL Muovu (Shambaa) Newtonia hildebrandtii Lowland Timber NEW/PAU Muovu (Shambaa) Newtonia paucijuga Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras STE/AFR Muoza (Shambaa) Sterculia africana Lowland Timber BOR/AET Mupama (Nyaturu) Borassus aethiopum Lowland Edible fruits DSP/WHY Mupatilavehe (Hehe) Diospyros whyteana Lowland Medicinal, firewood ERY/ABY Mupilipinti (Nyaturu) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental VIT/IRI Mupulu (Nyaturu) Vitex iringensis Lowland Edible fruits, timber BRH/SPI Mupumbu (Nyaturu) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber ACA/SIE Murea (Nyaturu) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood MLT/DUR Murongo (Gogo) Millettia dura Lowland Timber, shade ZNT/CHA Murongo (Kurya) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ALB/ZYG Murongwe (Kurya) Albizia zygia Low & submontane Timber TER/MOL Muruka (Nyaturu) Terminalia mollis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal SCB/TRI Muruma (Nyaturu) Schrebera trichoclada Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VIT/MOM Musarari (Nyaturu) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood COR/OVA Musasati (Hehe) Cordia ovalis Lowland Firewood, medicinal VIT/MOM Musasati (Hehe) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood COF/EUG Musebele (Hehe) Coffea eugenioides Low & submontane Wild coffee, fruit XYM/MON Musebele (Hehe) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber BSC/PAR Musingia (Nyaturu) Boscia parviflora Lowland Edible fruits MIC/OBL Musingilya (Nyaturu) Microglossa oblongifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DAL/NIT Musisi (Nyaturu) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles ALB/HAR Musisina (Hehe) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber ACA/POL Musukanzi (Hehe) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood GRW/BUR Musune (Nyaturu) Grewia burttii Lowland Edible fruits, firewood BRT/PRU Musyambwa (Nyaturu) Burttia prunoides Lowland Poisonous fruits and leaves VIT/MOM Mutae (Nyaturu) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood ZIZ/ABY Mutanula (Hehe) Ziziphus abyssinica Lowland Edible fruits ZIZ/MUC Mutanula (Hehe) Ziziphus mucronata Lowland Edible fruits BRH/BUS Mutelela (Hehe) Brachystegia bussei Low & submontane Timber ENT/ABY Mutemputempu (Nyaturu) Entada abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood IND/SWA Muthumiampe (Nyaturu) Indigofera swaziensis Lowland Firewood, medicinal

59

59 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes BLI/UNI Mutimanwa (Sumbwa) Blighia unijugata Low & submontane Timber, shade ORM/TRI Mutimbwi (Hehe) Ormocarpum trichocarpum Lowland Fodder, firewood OPU/VUL Mutini (Nyaturu) Opuntia vulgaris Lowland Exotic, ornamental, fruit AZN/GAR Mutrogho (Nyaturu) Azanza garckeana Lowland Edible fruits CSP/MOL Mutulampiti (Nyaturu) Cassipourea mollis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood MAY/SEN Mutulapungu (Nyaturu) Maytenus senegalensis Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles BRH/SPI Mutulu (Nyaturu) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber VER/OBC Mutumbotumbo (Nyaturu) Vernonia obconica Low & submontane Medicinal DIC/CIN Mutunduu (Nyaturu) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal XIM/CAF Mutundwa (Hehe) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood CRO Mutunghutu (Nyaturu) Croton sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CRO/MEN Mutunghutu (Nyaturu) Croton menyhartii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SEN/SIN Mutungulu (Nyaturu) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits COR/OVA Mutununu (Kurya) Cordia ovalis Lowland Firewood, medicinal EUP/MAT Muturatupu (Nyaturu) Euphorbia matabelensis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental PRN/EXC Muula (Shambaa) Parinari excelsa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood LNN/ALA Muumbu (Shambaa) Lannea alata Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood LNN/SCH Muumbu (Lugulu) Lannea schweinfurthii Lowland Medicinal, Edible fruits LNN/SCH Muumbu (Shambaa) Lannea schweinfurthii Lowland Medicinal, Edible fruits LNN/WEL Muumbu (Lugulu) Lannea welwitschii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras LNN/WEL Muumbu (Shambaa) Lannea welwitschii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras COL/CLA Muungu (Lugulu) Cola clavata Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal COL/DIS Muungu (Shambaa) Cola discoglypremnophylla Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal COL/USA Muungu (Shambaa) Cola usambarensis Submontane Endemic to the East Usambara COL/VER Muungu (Shambaa) Cola verticillata Submontane Medicinal ERY/ABY Muungu maghome (Shambaa) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental ERY/CAF Muungu maghome (Shambaa) Erythrina caffra Submontane Medicinal, ornamental ERY/LYS Muungu maghome (Shambaa) Erythrina lysistemon Submontane Medicinal, ornamental ERY/SAC Muungu maghome (Shambaa) Erythrina sacleuxii Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental KIG/AFR Muunguungu (Nyaturu) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal SAP/SAP Muuraka (Gogo) Sapindus saponaria Lowland Medicinal, shade, soap, exotic MRK/OBT Muuyu (Shambaa) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles LON/BUS Muvale (Nyamwezi) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal LON/ERI Muvale, Mubale-­‐muhanya Lonchocarpus eriocalyx Lowland Medicinal, ornamental (Nyamwezi) OSY/LAN Muvambalafidunda (Hehe) Osyris lanceolata Lowland Medicinal, firewood MAY/SEN Muvambandusi (Hehe) Maytenus senegalensis Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles ZAN/AFR Muvanga (Hehe) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit HIB/DIV Muvava (Hehe) Hibiscus diversifolius Lowland Edible flowers RAU/CAF Muvelevele (Hehe) Rauvolfia caffra Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, brewing SYZ/COR Muvengi (Hehe) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits SYZ/GUI Muvengi (Hehe) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber ACA/NIL Muvulagavega (Hehe) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood ACA/NIL Muvulugavega (Hehe) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood CRO/MAC Muvulugu (Hehe) Croton macrostachys Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal, shade ISB Muwa (Nyamwezi) Isoberlinia sp. Low & submontane Timber ISB/GLO Muwa (Shambaa) Isoberlinia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage JUL/GLO Muwa (Fipa) Julbernardia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage GAL/COF Muwalamwaka (Hehe) Galiniera coffeoides Submontane Medicinal, firewood PRC/ANG Muwanga (Fipa) Pericopsis angolensis Lowland Timber LON Muwapanyoma (Pogoro) Lonchocarpus sp. Lowland Medicinal, ornamental BOM/RHO Muware (Nyamwezi) Bombax rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber ACA/MEA Muwate (Chagga) Acacia mearnsii Submontane Exotic, firewood, tannin ACA/MEA Muwati (Swahili) Acacia mearnsii Submontane Exotic, firewood, tannin GNI/GLA Muwawa (Hehe) Gnidia glauca Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood AFZ/QUA Muwazya (Fipa) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber

60 60 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes MCR/KIL Muwembe (Bena) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood ELA/GUI Muwese (Shambaa) Elaeis guineense Lowland Exotic, agricultural DOM Muweti (Shambaa) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood ACA/PNT Muwindi (Sagara) Acacia pentagona Low & Submontane Shade, firewood ACA/POL Muwindi (Lugulu) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood ACA/SEN Muwindi (Gogo) Acacia senegal Lowland Source of gum arabic BSC/MOS Muwisa (Bena) Boscia mossambicensis Lowland Edible fruits, arrows BSC/MOS Muwisa (Hehe) Boscia mossambicensis Lowland Edible fruits, arrows BSC/PAR Muwisa (Hehe) Boscia parviflora Lowland Edible fruits SOR/OBT Muwisuwisu (Pogoro) Sorindeia obtusifolia Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal CRO/MAC Muwolondo (Nyaturu) Croton macrostachys Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal, shade FRN/MAG Muwowo (Shambaa) Fernandoa magnifica Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental PRN/CUR Muwula (Fipa) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood LNN/SCM Muwundu (Gogo) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood STR/SPI Muwungo (Nyaturu) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal MRK/OBT Muwungu (Nyaturu) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles EUP/MAT Muwutya (Gogo) Euphorbia matabelensis Lowland Medicinal, ornamental MIL/EXC Muyanje (Pogoro) Milicia excelsa Lowland Timber MUL/CRA Muygoyogo (Nyamwezi) Multidentia crassa Lowland Edible fruits, firewood BRH/BOE Muyombo (Hehe) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/BOE Muyombo (Makonde) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/MIC Muyombo (Hehe) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber BRH/LON Muyombwe (Pogoro) Brachystegia longifolia Low & submontane Timber STS/KUN Muyuwe (Lugulu) Stereospermum kunthianum Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal OCH/HOL Mvalambi (Gogo) Ochna holstii Lowland Medicinal, firewood RAW/LUC Mvalambi (Hehe) Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BER/ABY Mvalamono (Bena) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood MAY Mvambadutsi (Gogo) Maytenus sp. Low & submontane Firewood, tool handles OSY/COM Mvambakidunda (Gogo) Osyris compressa Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCP/STO Mvanga (Hehe) Scolopia stolzii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FRN/MAG Mvauwa (Shambaa) Fernandoa magnifica Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental POD/GRA Mvawari (Chagga) Podocarpus gracilior Submontane Timber LON/BUS Mvee (Nyaturu) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal ZNT Mvele (Bena) Zanthoxylum sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood STP/EMI Mvelevele (Nyamwezi) Strophanthus eminii Lowland Medicinal TAB Mvelevele (Gogo) Tabernaemontana sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB Mvembanyigo (Bena) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber POD/LAT Mvembanyigo (Hehe) Podocarpus latifolius Submontane Timber SYZ/COR Mvenge (Matengo) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits SYZ Mvengi (Bena) Syzygium sp. Lowland Edible fruits SYZ/COR Mvengi (Hehe) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits VAN/TOM Mvilu (Shambaa) Vangueria tomentosa Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood PHY/ENG Mvingiligili (Hehe) Phyllanthus engleri Lowland Edible fruits CSR/EQU Mvinje (Swahili) Casuarina equisetifolia Low & submontane Exotic, timber, avenue CSR/GLA Mvinje (Swahili) Casuarina glauca Low & submontane Exotic, timber, avenue CSR/JUN Mvinje (Swahili) Casuarina junghuhniana Low & submontane Exotic, timber CSR/LIT Mvinje (Swahili) Casuarina littoralis Low & submontane Exotic, timber, avenue CSR/OBE Mvinje (Swahili) Casuarina obesa Low & submontane Exotic, timber, avenue PSY/FRA Mviriviri (Chagga) Psychotria fractinervata Lowland Medicinal, firewood VAN/INF Mviru (Pogoro) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood VAN/TOM Mviu (Shambaa) Vangueria tomentosa Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood CED/ODO Mvuje (Shambaa) Cedrella odorata Lowland Exotic, timber MUR/KOE Mvuje (Swahili) Murraya koenigii Lowland Exotic, curry leaves, spice, medicinal, ornamental MIL/EXC Mvule (Makonde) Milicia excelsa Lowland Timber MIL/EXC Mvule (Pogoro) Milicia excelsa Lowland Timber MIL/EXC Mvule (Swahili) Milicia excelsa Lowland Timber

61

61 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CRO/MAC Mvulugu (Hehe) Croton macrostachys Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal, shade ODN/BON Mvumanyuki (Swahili) Oldenia bonjeri Lowland Medicinal FIC/ING Mvumo (Shambaa) Ficus ingens Submontane Shade FIC/NAT Mvumo (Makonde) Ficus natalensis Low & submontane Shade FIC/PER Mvumo (Shambaa) Ficus persicifolia Lowland Shade FIC/SCA Mvumo (Shambaa) Ficus scassellatii Submontane Shade FIC/KIR Mvumo-­‐kinyandege (Shambaa) Ficus kirkii Submontane Shade XYM/MON Mvungawiza (Shambaa) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber SYZ/COR Mvungi lulenga (Hehe) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits SYZ/GUI Mvungi msitu (Hehe) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber KIG/AFR Mvunginya (Bondei) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal KIG/AFR Mvungunya (Bondei) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal BRH/FLO Mvunguti (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia floribunda Low & submontane Timber KIG/AFR Mvungwa (Pogoro) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal KIG/AFR Mvungwe (Shambaa) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal KIG/AFR Mvungwe (Zigua) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal CLU/ABY Mvuruku (Pare) Clutia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal DEL/ELA Mvutamvula (Nyamwezi) Delonix elata Lowland Medicinal, shade, firewood BSC/SAL Mvuuti (Nyamwezi) Boscia salicifolia Lowland Firewood, edible fruits, medicinal GRN/SUA Mwaati, Nkwaati (Shambaa) Greenwayodendron Submontane Endemic to the Usambaras suaveolens CRO/MEG Mwachachi (Chagga) Croton megalocarpus Low & submontane Firewood, ornamental CRO/MEG Mwachaya (Chagga) Croton megalocarpus Low & submontane Firewood, ornamental STR/SPI Mwage (Nyamwezi) Strychnos spinosa Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal STR/VOL Mwage (Fipa) Strychnos volkensii Low & submontane Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood STR/VOL Mwage (Nyamwezi) Strychnos volkensii Low & submontane Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood TEC/SIM Mwahalo (Chagga) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal ROT Mwahama (Pogoro) Rothmannia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, dye HLL/LUC Mwahsa (Pogoro) Halleria lucida Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MNL/MOC Mwakala (Makonde) Manilkara mochisia Lowland Edible fruits, firewood BLI/UNI Mwakamwatu (Swahili) Blighia unijugata Low & submontane Timber, shade ALA/VIO Mwalamanda (Swahili) Alamanda violacea Lowland Exotic, ornamental TER/SUP Mwalambe (Swahili) Terminalia superba Lowland Exotic, timber, ornamental HAG/ABY Mwalanga (Chagga) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber BOM/RHO Mwale (Pogoro) Bombax rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber BOM/RHO Mwale (Shambaa) Bombax rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber CAS/BAT Mwale (Pogoro) Casearia battiscombei Low & submontane Timber RAP/FAR Mwale (Swahili) Raphia farinifera Lowland Ornamental, edible oil(fruits) RHO/SCH Mwale (Shambaa) Rhodognaphalon Lowland Timber schumannianum AFZ/QUA Mwalikila (Pogoro) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber STE/QUI Mwalikila (Pogoro) Sterculia quinqueloba Lowland Timber HAG/ABY Mwamba (Chagga) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber DCH/STU Mwambalashi (Lugulu) Dichapetalum stuhlmannii Lowland Medicinal, poisonous SCP Mwambang'ombe (Gogo) Scolopia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BAL/AEG Mwambangoma (Gogo) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood BAL/AEG Mwambangoma (Shambaa) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood OLI/ROC Mwambe (Shambaa) Olinia rochetiana Low & submontane Medicinal LET/STE Mwanachoita (Pogoro) Lettowianthus stellatus Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras and Kilombero areas, firewood AGR/SAL Mwandai (Shambaa) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood AGR/SAL Mwandali (Shambaa) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood CAT/EDU Mwandama (Shambaa) Catha edulis Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal PTP/TAN Mwandama (Shambaa) Platypterocarpus Lowland Medicinal tanganyikensis ADA/DIG Mwando (Nyaturu) Adansonia digitata Lowland Food, fodder, rope, twine

62 62 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes ACA/DRE Mwandui (Nyaturu) Acacia drepanolobium Lowland Source of gum, firewood AGR/SAL Mwane (Chagga) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood HAG/ABY Mwanga (Chagga) Hagenia abyssinica Submontane Timber ZAN/AFR Mwanganya (Gogo) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit CHP Mwanjale (Fipa) Chrysophyllum sp. Low & submontane Timber CHP Mwanjalele (Fipa) Chrysophyllum sp. Low & submontane Timber CMB/SCH Mwankaa (Shambaa) Combretum schumannii Lowland Woodfuel, timber ACA/SIE Mwao (Matengo) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood MLT Mwapala (Makonde) Millettia sp. Lowland Timber, shade TAB/USA Mwapo (Chagga) Tabernaemontana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood usambarensis AZA/IND Mwarobaini (Swahili) Low & Submontane Exotic, shade, medicinal PLT/LON Mwashoki (Swahili) Polyalthia longifolia Lowland Exotic, ornamental CHS Mwata (Pogoro) Chassalia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal CHS/ALB Mwata (Pogoro) Chassalia albiflora Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ERH/SUA Mwavi (Shambaa) Erythrophleum suaveolens Lowland Medicinal, firewood CLA/ANI Mwavikali (Swahili) Clausena anisata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ENN Mwavu (Fipa) Entandrophragma sp. Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood KHA/ANT Mwawa (Pogoro) Khaya anthotheca Lowland Timber TCL/AFR Mwaya (Swahili) Treculia africana Low & submontane Edible seeds, Timber MYR/SAL Mwefi (Hehe) Myrica salicifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STS/KUN Mwegea (Shambaa) Stereospermum kunthianum Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal ERH/GUI Mwehe (Pogoro) Erythrophleum guineense Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MAN/IND Mwembe (Swahili) Mangifera indica Lowland Exotic, mango fruits CMB/LON Mwembeya (Nyaturu) Combretum longispicatum Lowland Woodfuel VIG/UNG Mwende (Nyaturu) Vigna unguiculata Lowland Medicinal, food, agricultural DIP/MOS Mwenge (Fipa) Diplorhynchus Lowland Medicinal, firewood mossambicensis GRE/ROB Mweresi (Chagga) Grevillea robusta Low & submontane Exotic, timber CED/ODO Mwerezi (Pogoro) Cedrella odorata Lowland Exotic, timber KOT/STR Mwetetsi (Hehe) Kotschya strigosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DOB/LOR Mwevumbulo (Shambaa) Dobera loranthifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, timber ERR/FIS Mweyawana (Shambaa) Erythrococca fischeri Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood HEX/MON Mwezi (Fipa) Hexalobus monopetalus Lowland Medicinal, firewood, fruits BRI/MIC Mwicha (Bena) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood APH/THE Mwili (Chagga) Aphloia theiformis Low & submontane Timber ECL/MUL Mwililu (Nyaturu) Euclea multiflora Lowland Medicinal, natural dye PRU/AFR Mwiluti (Hehe) Prunus africana Submontane Medicinal, timber PAP/CAP Mwimafiguru (Hehe) Pappea capensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits ELD/BUC Mwingajini (Swahili) Elaeodendron buchananii Lowland Medicinal RAN/TAY Mwinhwasungwa (Nyamwezi) Randia taylorii Lowland Medicinal, firewood PVT/SCH Mwinomwino (Gogo) Pavetta schumanniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood TAB Mwinsa (Pogoro) Tabernaemontana sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ACA/HOC Mwinya (Sagara) Acacia hockii Low & Submontane Firewood SPM/ELL Mwiruti (Pogoro) Sapium ellipticum Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRI/BRI Mwisa (Pogoro) Bridelia brideliifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BRI/MIC Mwisa (Gogo) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BRI/MIC Mwisa (Hehe) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood SEN/SIN Mwisa (Hehe) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits BRI/MIC Mwitsa (Hehe) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BRI/MIC Mwitza (Shambaa) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood BRI/MIC Mwiza (Shambaa) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood DOM Mwoza (Bondei) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood BRH/BOE Myamba (Fipa) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber KIG/AFR Myegea (Makonde) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal KIG/AFR Myegea (Shambaa) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal KIG/AFR Myegea (Zigua) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal

63

63 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes BRH/BOE Myenze (Nyamwezi) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/BOE Myenze (Sukuma) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber CRO/DIC Myhalanga (Nyaturu) Croton dichogamus Low & submontane Firewood DAS/LEP Myinga (Chagga) Dasylepis leptophylla Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRH/BOE Myombo (Kwere) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/BOE Myombo (Lugulu) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/BOE Myombo (Pogoro) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/LON Myombwe (Hehe) Brachystegia longifolia Low & submontane Timber NEW/HIL Myovu (Shambaa) Newtonia hildebrandtii Lowland Timber TRH/EME Myoyo (Pogoro) Trichilia emetica Lowland Timber, firewood, shade PTL/MYR Myuwe (Shambaa) Pteleopsis myrtifolia Lowland Timber SYZ/COR Mzambarau (Matengo) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits SYZ/CUM Mzambarau (Shambaa) Syzygium cumini Lowland Exotic, shade, edible fruits, medicinal, timber SYZ/CUM Mzambarau (Swahili) Syzygium cumini Lowland Exotic, shade, edible fruits, medicinal, timber SYZ/GUI Mzambarau pori (Swahili) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber SYZ/GUI Mzambarupori (Pogoro) Syzygium guineense Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood, timber ACA/NIL Mzameli (Pare) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood RHU/VUL Mzebelele (Gogo) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood POU/CAM Mzeituni (Swahili) Pouteria campechiana Lowland Exotic, fruits MAE/LAN Mzelu (Matengo) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALC/HIR Mzengeanguku (Shambaa) Alchornea hirtella Low & submontane Medicinal DAL/BOE Mzeza (Lugulu) Dalbergia boehmii Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine PTR/ROT Mzeza (Lugulu) Pterocarpus rotundifolius Lowland Timber DAL/NIT Mzezegele (Lugulu) Dalbergia nitidula Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine, poles OLE/CAP Mziaghembe (Shambaa) Olea capensis ssp. Low & submontane Timber macrocarpa BLI/UNI Mzidanguruwe (Bondei) Blighia unijugata Low & submontane Timber, shade CRP/FEB Mzikoziko (Shambaa) Crossopteryx febrifuga Lowland Medicinal, firewood ISL/CAU Mzikoziko (Shambaa) Isolona cauliflora Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras ISL/HEI Mzikoziko (Shambaa) Isolona heinsenii Lowland Medicinal OLE/WEL Mzilaghembe (Shambaa) Olea welwitschii Low & submontane Timber PHI/BEN Mzilahenge (Hehe) Philippia bengalensis Submontane Medicinal, firewood OSY/COM Mzilu (Shambaa) Osyris compressa Lowland Medicinal, firewood TER/SER Mzima (Nyamwezi) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal BLI/UNI Mzinda-­‐nguuwe (Shambaa) Blighia unijugata Low & submontane Timber, shade VPR/NOB Mzindizi (Lugulu) Vepris nobilis Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACL/ENG Mzindu (Shambaa) Acalypha engleri Lowland Ornamental COM/AFR Mzingazinga (Pare) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin COR/AFR Mzingazinga (Pare) Cordia africana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry COR/AFR Mzingazinga (Shambaa) Cordia africana Low & submontane Timber, agroforestry BIX/ORE Mzingifui (Shambaa) Bixa orellana Lowland Exotic, dye BIX/ORE Mzingifuli (Swahili) Bixa orellana Lowland Exotic, dye SYZ/COR Mzio (Matengo) Syzygium cordatum Lowland Edible fruits SYM/GLO Mziwaziwa (Shambaa) Symphonia globulifera Submontane Medicinal, firewood OLE/HOC Mziyaghembe (Shambaa) Olea hochstetteri Low & submontane Timber CSS/ABB Mzoka (Nyamwezi) Cassia abbreviata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PLT/OLI Mzonozono (Shambaa) Polyalthia oliveri Lowland Ornamental, firewood OLE/HOC Mzoya (Shambaa) Olea hochstetteri Low & submontane Timber AST/AST Mzudangure (Shambaa) Asteranthe asterias Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras MIL/EXC Mzue (Shambaa) Milicia excelsa Lowland Timber TLP/MAD Mzughu (Shambaa) Trilepisium madagascariense Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits BSQ/PHO Mzugu (Shambaa) Bosqueia phoberos Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood FUN/LAT Mzule (Shambaa) Funtumia latifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood

64 64 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes OSY/COM Mzulu (Shambaa) Osyris compressa Lowland Medicinal, firewood ENG/USA Mzumba (Shambaa) Englerodendron usambarense Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood ALB Mzungu (Shambaa) Albizia sp. Low & submontane Woodfuel, timber EUP Mzuo (Fipa) Euphorbia sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CAP Mzuyuyu (Gogo) Capparis sp. Lowland Medicinal SCP/RIP Mzuyuyu (Gogo) Scolopia riparia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruit LNN/SCM Nachimbu (Fipa) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood BRH/BOE Nafumo (Iraqw) Brachystegia boehmii Low & submontane Timber BRH/SPI Nafumo (Iraqw) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber PRN/CUR Naji (Sukuma) Parinari curatellifolia Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood ALK/ULU Nakaduku (Pogoro) Allanblackia ulugurensis Submontane Edible oil LPN/USA Nakaduku (Pogoro) Leptonychia usambarensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood, dye ELD/STU Nakambakata (Makonde) Elaeodendron stuhlmannii Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood CMB/ZEY Nakapwee (Makonde) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal CUS/ZIM Nakitifile (Fipa) Cussonia zimmermannii Low & submontane Medicinal RAN/MAL Nalupande (Makonde) Randia malleifera Lowland Medicinal, firewood, ornamental CMB/MOL Nama (Sukuma) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel DSP/FIS Nambiri (Makonde) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood DSP/SQU Nambiri, Mdaha (Makonde) Diospyros squarrosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood EUP/CAN Nangale (Sukuma) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental BAU Nangue (Makonde) Bauhinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ACA/XAN Narmo (Iraqw) Acacia xanthophloea Lowland Firewood, beekeeping BSC/MOS Naschandi (Iraqw) Boscia mossambicensis Lowland Edible fruits, arrows ORM/TRI Natsiay (Iraqw) Ormocarpum trichocarpum Lowland Fodder, firewood GRW Nchwili (Makonde) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood CMB/MOL Ndama (Matengo) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel EUP/CAN Ndeengwe (Shambaa) Euphorbia candelabrum Lowland Medicinal, ornamental EUP/HET Ndeengwe (Shambaa) Euphorbia heterochroma Lowland Medicinal, ornamental EUP/NYI Ndeengwe (Shambaa) Euphorbia nyikae Lowland Medicinal, ornamental, fuel wood EUP/QUA Ndeengwe (Shambaa) Euphorbia quadrialata Lowland Medicinal, ornamental EUP/SYS Ndeengwe (Shambaa) Euphorbia systyloides Lowland Medicinal, ornamental GRW Ndeti (Nyamwezi) Grewia sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood DIO/AST Ndiga (Swahili) Dioscorea asteriscus Lowland Medicinal DSC/LON Ndiga (Swahili) Discorea longicuspis Lowland Medicinal VAN/INF Ndigiti (Matengo) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood CMM Ndilia (Matengo) Commelina sp. Lowland Medicinal XYM/MON Ndiri (Chagga) Xymalos monospora Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, woodfuel, timber MUS/SAP Ndizi (Pogoro) Musa sapientum Low & submontane Food, agricultural MUS/SAP Ndizi (Swahili) Musa sapientum Low & submontane Food, agricultural VAN/INF Ndowiro (Chagga) Vangueria infausta Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood BAR Nduambuli (Nyaturu) Barleria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood JUS/SAL Nduguti (Nyamwezi) Justicia salvioides Lowland Medicinal FAD/CIE Ndumbilu (Matengo) Fadogia cienkowskii Low & submontane Edible fruits MCR/CAP Ndundu (Matengo) Macaranga capensis Submontane Timber, firewood NBT/MAC Ndundu (Matengo) Neoboutonia macrocalyx Submontane Firewood TRH Nduruma (Chagga) Trichilia sp. Lowland Timber, firewood, shade PSC/FUL Ndyati (Bena) Polyscias fulva Low & submontane Timber, medicinal EKE/BEN Ndzamati (Hehe) Ekebergia benguelensis Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood FAG/ANG Nelisiara (Kurya) Fagaropsis angolensis Low & submontane Timber, woodfuel MYS/AET Nemawe (Shambaa) Mystroxylon aethiopicum Lowland Medicinal, firewood SCR/LON Nengonengo (Sukuma) Securidaca longipedunculata Lowland Medicinal, firewood MRD/AST Neomberambe (Shambaa) Morinda asteroscepa Lowland Medicinal, firewood RHU/PYR Neripe (Kurya) Rhus pyroides Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood LAS Nfuriamungu (Chagga) Lasianthus sp. Low & submontane Medicinal MRH/GOE Ng'anga (Shambaa) Maranthes goetzeniana Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRI/MIC Ng'enda (Matengo) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood

65

65 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes BOR/AET Ng'hama (Sukuma) Borassus aethiopum Lowland Edible fruits STE/MHO Ng'hoja (Sukuma) Sterculia mhosya Lowland Medicinal, firewood RHU/NAT Ng'hungulu (Sukuma) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood PIL/THO Ng'iki (Makonde) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental CTN/SPI Ng'ochangoko (Sukuma) Catunaregam spinosa Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/TAN Ng'ongwa (Sukuma) Acacia tanganyikensis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood SCL/BIR Ng'ongwa (Sukuma) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber ERS Ng'owo (Hehe) Eriosema sp. Low & submontane Medicinal MRK/OBT Ng'ubu (Sukuma) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles ANK/KUM Ng'waka (Shambaa) Annickia kummeriae Lowland Firewood ADA/DIG Ng'wandu (Sukuma) Adansonia digitata Lowland Food, fodder, rope, twine ZAN/AFR Ng'watya (Sukuma) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit RAU/CAF Ng'weeti (Shambaa) Rauvolfia caffra Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, brewing RHU/VUL Ng'weja (Sukuma) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood STE/MHO Ng'weja buganga (Sukuma) Sterculia mhosya Lowland Medicinal, firewood KIG/AFR Ng'wicha (Sukuma) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal BRI/MIC Ng'wiza (Shambaa) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood CNT/BUR Ngabalu (Sukuma) Canthium burtii Lowland Edible fruits LNN/HUM Ngaimirori (Maasai) Lannea humilis Lowland Edible fruits, firewood STR/INN Ngaja (Makonde) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal DOM Ngalangala (Matengo) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood TRC/CAC Nganzu (Sukuma) Tricalysia cacondensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood RHU/NIV Ngayakuji (Maasai) Rhus niveus Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood EMB/SCH Ngesi (Chagga) Embelia schimperi Submontane Medicinal MAE/LAN Ngesi (Chagga) Maesa lanceolata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ERH/AFR Ngimbila (Nyamwezi) Erythrophleum africanum Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PHY/ENG Ngogondi (Sukuma) Phyllanthus engleri Lowland Edible fruits BER/ABY Ngoisiki (Maasai) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CEL/ZEN Ngomoka (Shambaa) Celtis zenkeri Low & submontane Timber SCL/BIR Ngongo (Kurya) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber ACA/ROV Ngongwa (Nyamwezi) Acacia rovumae Lowland Firewood SCL/BIR Ngoringo (Luo) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber SOR/MAD Ngoweda (Chagga) Sorindeia madagascariensis Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal OXG/SIN Ngugumi (Nyaturu) Oxygonum sinuatum Lowland Medicinal, firewood ZIZ/MUC Ngugunu (Sukuma) Ziziphus mucronata Lowland Edible fruits DSP/FIS Ngulakula (Matengo) Diospyros fischeri Lowland Medicinal, dye, firewood LOR/HIL Ngulukizi (Nyamwezi) Loranthus hildebrandtii Low & submontane Medicinal ALL Ngute (Shambaa) Allophylus sp. Submontane Timber AGR/SAL Ngwaana (Chagga) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood AGR/SAL Ngwoana (Chagga) Agauria salicifolia Submontane Arrow poison, firewood XIM/AME Nhundwa (Sukuma) Ximenia americana Lowland Edible fruits, firewood XIM/CAF Nhundwa (Sukuma) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood COM/AFR Ni-­‐iimo (Iraqw) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin STG/ARA Niangiliech (Luo) Steganotaenia araliacea Low & submontane Medicinal TUR/NIL Ningwiiwe (Sukuma) Turraea nilotica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood BRH/SPI Nito (Fipa) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber ORM/TRI Nitsiimo (Iraqw) Ormocarpum trichocarpum Lowland Fodder, firewood XLT/TET Njabu (Makonde) Xylotheca tettensis Lowland Medicinal, woodfuel, ornamental MAP/AFR Njiligwi Maprounea africana Lowland Medicinal, firewood TER/MOL Njimya ngosha (Sukuma) Terminalia mollis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TER/SER Njimya nkima (Sukuma) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal SEN/SIN Njolwambogo (Sukuma) Senna singueana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits XRD/STU Njundu (Sukuma) Xeroderris stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, Medicinal ZAN/AFR Nkalya (Sukuma) Zanha africana Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood, fruit RCN/HEU Nkangaula (Makonde) Ricinodendron heudelotii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruit BRK/BUS Nkatakwa (Shambaa) Brackenridgea bussei Lowland Medicinal, firewood BRK/ZAN Nkatakwa (Shambaa) Brackenridgea zanguebarica Lowland Medicinal, firewood

66 66 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes OUR/RET Nkatakwa (Shambaa) Ouratea reticulata Lowland Medicinal, firewood OUR/SAC Nkatakwa (Shambaa) Ouratea saclexii Lowland Medicinal, firewood OUR/SCH Nkatakwa (Shambaa) Ouratea scheffleri Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras COL/DIS Nkavi (Shambaa) Cola discoglypremnophylla Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal COL/MIC Nkavi (Shambaa) Cola microcarpa Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras COL/STE Nkavi (Shambaa) Cola stelecantha Lowland Medicinal COL/VER Nkavi (Shambaa) Cola verticillata Submontane Medicinal DOM/LEU Nkiu (Chagga) Dombeya leucoderma Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood GRW/MCR Nkoma (Sukuma) Grewia microcarpa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/STU Nkoma (Sukuma) Grewia stuhlmannii Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/FAL Nkomankulu (Sukuma) Grewia fallax Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ANN/SEN Nkonola (Sukuma) Annona senegalensis Lowland Fruits, medicinal, ropes MNL/MOC Nkonze (Sukuma) Manilkara mochisia Lowland Edible fruits, firewood ANI/ADO Nkopia (Matengo) Aningeria adolfi-­‐friedericii Submontane Near endemic CHP/GOR Nkopia (Matengo) Chrysophyllum gorungosanum Submontane Timber PTR/CHR Nkula (Makonde) Pterocarpus chrysothrix Lowland Timber TRI/TER Nkungu (Nyaturu) Tribulus terrestris Lowland Medicinal MYR/SAL Nkunguti (Matengo) Myrica salicifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood MLT/BUS Nkuya (Makonde) Millettia bussei Lowland Timber, shade OPU/VUL Nkuyuni (Sukuma) Opuntia vulgaris Lowland Exotic, ornamental, fruit AUL/DIE Nkwaati (Shambaa) Aulacocalyx diervilleoides Low & submontane Medicinal TEC/AMA Nkwaati (Shambaa) Teclea amaniensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras TEC/MES Nkwaati (Shambaa) Teclea mespiliformis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/NOB Nkwaati (Shambaa) Teclea nobilis Low & submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/SIM Nkwaati (Shambaa) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal TEC/TRI Nkwaati (Shambaa) Teclea trichocarpa Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal ENA/KUM Nkwaka (Shambaa) Enantia kummeriae Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras NUX/FLO Nkwati (Pare) Nuxia floribunda Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VPR/AMA Nkwati (Shambaa) Vepris amaniensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood VPR/NOB Nkwati (Shambaa) Vepris nobilis Lowland Medicinal, firewood VPR/SIM Nkwati (Shambaa) Vepris simplicifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood, poles VPR/STL Nkwati (Shambaa) Vepris stoltzii Lowland Medicinal, firewood CRO/MEG Nkyaki (Chagga) Croton megalocarpus Low & submontane Firewood, ornamental ENN/EXC Nndulu (Matengo) Entandrophragma excelsum Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood BRI/MIC Nng'enda (Matengo) Bridelia micrantha Low & submontane Medicinal, poles, fuel wood CMB/ADE Noja minzi (Sukuma) Combretum adenogonium Lowland Woodfuel NUX/FLO Nongura (Chagga) Nuxia floribunda Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CSP/MAL Nri (Chagga) Cassipourea malosana Submontane Timber, firewood PHY/DIS Nrua (Chagga) Phyllanthus discoideus Lowland Medicinal CEL/KRA Nrunda (Chagga) Celtis kraussia Low & submontane Firewood FRI/OBO Nsalasi (Sukuma) Friesodielsia obovata Lowland Edible fruits LNN/SCH Nsayusayu (Sukuma) Lannea schweinfurthii Lowland Medicinal, Edible fruits LNN/FUL Nselya (Sukuma) Lannea fulva Lowland Edible fruits, firewood BRH/TAM Nseni (Shambaa) Brachystegia tamarindoides Low & submontane Timber ACA/SEY/seyal Nsese (Sukuma) Acacia seyal var. seyal Lowland Source of gum arabic MAU/PAR Nshingisha (Sukuma) Maerua parvifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALB/ANT Nshishigulu (Sukuma) Albizia anthelmintica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VIG/UNG Nsili (Nyamwezi) Vigna unguiculata Lowland Medicinal, food, agricultural ALB/PET Nsishigulu (Sukuma) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber SEN/SIA Nsongoma (Sukuma) Senna siamea Lowland Exotic, ornamental, fuel ACA/SIE Nsuha (Sukuma) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood STP/EMI Nsungululu (Sukuma) Strophanthus eminii Lowland Medicinal BLI/UNI Ntamanwa (Sukuma) Blighia unijugata Low & submontane Timber, shade BLI/WEL Ntamanwa (Sukuma) Blighia welwitschii Low & submontane Timber, shade ACA/MAC Ntangala (Sukuma) Acacia macrothyrsa Lowland Firewood MCR/CAP Ntangalia (Matengo) Macaranga capensis Submontane Timber, firewood POD/MIL Ntangosi (Chagga) Podocarpus milanjianus Submontane Timber

67

67 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes DRA/STE Ntelema (Matengo) Dracaena steudneri Low & submontane Demarcation, ornamental DRA/STE Ntelemo (Matengo) Dracaena steudneri Low & submontane Demarcation, ornamental PIL/THO Ntindwambogo (Sukuma) Piliostigma thonningii Lowland Medicinal, ornamental AZN/GAR Ntobo (Sukuma) Azanza garckeana Lowland Edible fruits TRC/ACI Ntua-­‐vuha (Shambaa) Tricalysia acidophylla Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras NEC/ARB Ntuaruha (Shambaa) Nectandra arborescens Lowland Medicinal RYT/AMA Ntuavaha (Shambaa) Rytigynia amaniensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood RYT/BAG Ntuavuha (Shambaa) Rytigynia bagshawei Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/CEL Ntuavuha (Shambaa) Rytigynia celastroides Low & Submontane Medicinal, firewood RYT/LON Ntuavuha (Shambaa) Rytigynia longicaudata Submontane Endemic to the Usambaras RYT/UHL Ntuavuha (Shambaa) Rytigynia uhligii Lowland Medicinal, firewood RYT/XAN Ntuavuha (Shambaa) Rytigynia xanthotricha Lowland Medicinal, firewood PTR/HOL Ntumbetijito (Makonde) Pterocarpus holtzii Lowland Timber CUS/SPI Ntumbituumbi (Matengo) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal BRH/SPI Ntundu (Sukuma) Brachystegia spiciformis Low & submontane Timber CSS Ntungululu (Sukuma) Cassia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood STE/AFR Nulusa (Hehe) Sterculia africana Lowland Timber ZNT/CHA Nungu gwa mapando (Sukuma) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood ZNT Nungubashite (Sukuma) Zanthoxylum sp. Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ENN Nyakiseki (Bena) Entandrophragma sp. Submontane Medicinal, shade, firewood PHY Nyamtitu (Hehe) Phyllanthus sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood RAU/MAN Nyamwihongo (Hehe) Rauvolfia mannii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ASP/MOS Nyangaanyangaa (Swahili) Aspilia mossambicensis Lowland Medicinal IND Nyanje (Pare) Indigofera sp. Lowland Firewood DAL Nyavalafi (Hehe) Dalbergia sp. Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine MUL/CRA Nyogoyogo (Sukuma) Multidentia crassa Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LNN/SCH Nyololo (Luo) Lannea schweinfurthii Lowland Medicinal, Edible fruits DOD/VIS Nyongole (Hehe) Dodonaea viscosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood, hedge BAL/AEG Nyunguyu (Sukuma) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood DOM Nzagambayamlugulu (Sukuma) Dombeya sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, fuel wood SNP/ALT Nzukumbi (Matengo) Synaptolepis alternifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits LNN/SCH Obolo (Luo) Lannea schweinfurthii Lowland Medicinal, Edible fruits LON/ERI Obondlochaka (Luo) Lonchocarpus eriocalyx Lowland Medicinal, ornamental ROT/FIS Ocholi (Luo) Rothmannia fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, dye ROT/FIS Ocholu (Luo) Rothmannia fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, dye GRC Odenga (Luo) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACA/SEN Ogoro (Luo) Acacia senegal Lowland Source of gum arabic EUP/TIR Ojuok (Luo) Euphorbia tirucalli Lowland Fence, graveyard, medicinal ACA/NIL Okilo (Luo) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood DIC/CIN Okir (Luo) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal CRT/IMP Olairashirashi (Maasai) Crotalaria imperialis Low & submontane Agroforestry CLD/CAP Olarashi (Maasai) Calodendron capense Low & submontane Timber ACA/POL Olasili (Maasai) Acacia polyacantha Lowland Shade, firewood COM/MOL Olbiri (Maasai) Commiphora mollis Lowland Firewood TER/SER Olbukoi (Maasai) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal PIT/VIR Olchan-­‐oibor (Maasai) Pittosporum viridiflorum Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood RAU/CAF Olchapukalyan (Maasai) Rauvolfia caffra Low & submontane Timber, medicinal, brewing KIG/AFR Oldaboi (Maasai) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal DRP Oldaridari (Maasai) Drypetes sp. Low & submontane Medicinal ACA/TOR Oldepasi (Maasai) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood ACA/TOR Oldepesi (Maasai) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood CUS/SPI Oldinaroi (Maasai) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/HOL Oldumaroi (Maasai) Cussonia holstii Low & submontane Medicinal GRW/PLA Oleing'oni (Maasai) Grewia platyclada Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood STR/INN Olemba (Luo) Strychnos innocua Lowland Edible fruits, medicinal XIM/CAF Olemo (Luo) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood

68 68 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes ACA/XAN Olerai (Maasai) Acacia xanthophloea Lowland Firewood, beekeeping GOU/LON Olesupeni (Maasai) Gouania longispicata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood BAL/AEG Olg'oswa (Maasai) Balanites aegyptiaca Lowland Edible fruits, firewood TEC/SIM Olgwai (Maasai) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal CAS/BAT Oljaliyan (Maasai) Casearia battiscombei Low & submontane Timber CUS/HOL Oljumaroi (Hehe) Cussonia holstii Low & submontane Medicinal CUS/SPI Oljumaroi (Maasai) Cussonia spicata Low & submontane Medicinal ACA/NIL Olkiroriti (Maasai) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood RHA/STA Olkokola (Maasai) Rhamnus staddo Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FIC/STU Olkolili (Maasai) Ficus stuhlmannii Low & submontane Shade, fruit RHA/PRI Olkonyil (Maasai) Rhamnus prinoides Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SAN Olktani (Maasai) Sansevieria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood OZO/RET Olkumonoi (Maasai) Ozoroa reticulata Low & submontane Medicinal, edible fruits SCL/BIR Olmang'wai (Maasai) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber SCL/BIR Olmangisai (Maasai) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber GRW/PLA Olmangulai (Maasai) Grewia platyclada Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood GRW/VIL Olmangulai (Maasai) Grewia villosa Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood CMB/COL Olmaroroi (Maasai) Combretum collinum Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/MOL Olmaroroi (Maasai) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel CMB/ZEY Olmaroroi (Maasai) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal CRA/MAN Olmasale (Maasai) Crassocephalum mannii Low & submontane Medicinal TAM/IND Olmasambrai (Maasai) Tamarindus indica Lowland Fruits, Medicinal, Shade CAE/DEC Olmashinga (Maasai) Caesalpinia decapetala Low & submontane Exotic, fence CLA/ANI Olmatasya (Maasai) Clausena anisata Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood CSS/DID Olmatini (Maasai) Cassia didymobotrya Submontane Medicinal VER Olmbasa (Maasai) Vernonia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal ACA/LAH Olmeleleki (Maasai) Acacia lahai Low & Submontane Firewood ADA/DIG Olmesera (Maasai) Adansonia digitata Lowland Food, fodder, rope, twine MAR/DIS Olmkea (Maasai) Margaritaria discoidea Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB/ANT Olmkutani (Maasai) Albizia anthelmintica Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood FAG/ANG Olmoljoi (Maasai) Fagaropsis angolensis Low & submontane Timber, woodfuel EKE/CAP Olmukuna (Maasai) Ekebergia capensis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood ACA/GER Olng'meng'wenyi (Maasai) Acacia gerrardii Low & Submontane Firewood ERY/ABY Olngaboli (Maasai) Erythrina abyssinica Submontane Medicinal, ornamental MYS/AET Olodong'onayo (Maasai) Mystroxylon aethiopicum Lowland Medicinal, firewood TER/MOL Ologwaki (Maasai) Terminalia mollis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal CLR/JOH Olohalo (Maasai) Clerodendrum johnstonii Lowland Fuelwood CLR Oloibaskoni (Maasai) Clerodendrum sp. Lowland Fuelwood, poles ZIZ/MUC Oloilalei (Maasai) Ziziphus mucronata Lowland Edible fruits OLE/EUR Oloirieni (Maasai) Olea europea ssp. cuspidata Low & submontane Timber ASP/MOS Oloiyapasei (Maasai) Aspilia mossambicensis Lowland Medicinal CRO/MAC Oloiyapiyap (Maasai) Croton macrostachys Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal, shade OLE/CAP Ololiondoi (Maasai) Olea capensis ssp. Low & submontane Timber macrocarpa NUX/CON Olopiron (Maasai) Nuxia congesta Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood OSY/COM Olosyesai (Maasai) Osyris compressa Lowland Medicinal, firewood PHT/DOD Olotapa (Maasai) Phytolacca dodecandra Lowland Medicinal, firewood GRC Olparaseniu (Maasai) Garcinia sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALB/HAR Olperelong'o (Maasai) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber PHO/REC Olpiroo (Maasai) Phoenix reclinata Lowland Weaving, ornamental DOM/ROT Olporokwai (Maasai) Dombeya rotundifolia Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fuel wood CEL/AFR Olsitetilendia (Maasai) Celtis africana Low & submontane Timber WAR/UGA Olsokonoi (Maasai) Warburgia ugandensis Lowland Medicinal, firewood COR/OVA Oltiaska (Maasai) Cordia ovalis Lowland Firewood, medicinal DAL/MEL Oltiaska (Maasai) Dalbergia melanoxylon Lowland Carvings, Woodfuel, timber CLE/SIN Oltule (Maasai) Clematis sinensis Lowland Medicinal JUN/PRO Olturakwai (Maasai) Juniperus procera Submontane Timber, medicinal

69

69 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes ZNT/CHA Oluisuki (Maasai) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood LON/BUS Olvararusi (Maasai) Lonchocarpus bussei Lowland & Montane Medicinal BER/ABY Olyangati (Kurya) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood PAP/CAP Omangi (Luo) Pappea capensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits ACA Omongo (Kurya) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood ALB/LEB Omoso (Kurya) Albizia lebbeck Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty CMB/MOL Omulama (Kurya) Combretum molle Low & submontane Woodfuel TAM/IND Omulama (Kurya) Tamarindus indica Lowland Fruits, Medicinal, Shade TRN/GRA Omumambo (Kurya) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood PAP/CAP Omumange (Kurya) Pappea capensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits SCL/BIR Omungo (Luo) Sclerocarya birrea Lowland Edible fruits, Timber RHU/NAT Omusangura (Kurya) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood XIM/CAF Omuseka (Kurya) Ximenia caffra Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LON/CAP Omwale (Fipa) Lonchocarpus capassa Low & submontane Ornamental EHR/CYM Ondalati (Maasai) Ehretia cymosa Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood TRN/GRA Ondati (Luo) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood SPR/RIC Ongominyara (Maasai) Sparmannia ricinocarpa Lowland Medicinal ACA/TOR Ongoro (Luo) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood ACA Onsikesi (Fipa) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood STP/EMI Ontumbi (Fipa) Strophanthus eminii Lowland Medicinal MUR/PAN Orange jesamine (English) Murraya paniculata Lowland Spice, medicinal LEO/LEO Orbibiai (Maasai) Leonotis leonurus Lowland Medicinal, firewood FIC/THO Oreteti (Maasai) Ficus thonningii Low & submontane Shade, ornamental TEC/SIM Orgwai (Maasai) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal BER/ABY Oriangati (Kurya) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood PAP/CAP Orimmigomi (Maasai) Pappea capensis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruits RHU/NAT Ormisigiyoi (Maasai) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood RHU/VUL Ormisigiyoi (Maasai) Rhus vulgaris Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood EKE/CAP Ormukuna (Maasai) Ekebergia capensis Submontane Timber, medicinal, firewood ACA/ADE Ororara (Kurya) Acacia adenocalyx Lowland Firewood ALB/GUM Osangupasi (Maasai) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber ALB/PET Osangupesi (Maasai) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber ECL/DIV Osejoo (Maasai) Euclea divinorum Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye COR/OVA Oseki (Maasai) Cordia ovalis Lowland Firewood, medicinal CSS/DID Osenetei (Maasai) Cassia didymobotrya Submontane Medicinal COR/OVA Osenu (Luo) Cordia ovalis Lowland Firewood, medicinal COM/TRO Osilalei (Maasai) Commiphora trothae Lowland Firewood, fence GRW/BIC Osiminde (Maasai) Grewia bicolor Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood LIP/JAV Osinoni (Maasai) Lippia javanica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood ACA/ADE Osirii (Kurya) Acacia adenocalyx Lowland Firewood GRW/MOL Ositeti (Maasai) Grewia mollis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood CSP/MAL Osonjoi (Maasai) Cassipourea malosana Submontane Timber, firewood ALB/ZYG Othor (Luo) Albizia zygia Low & submontane Timber DIC/CIN Othor (Luo) Dichrostachys cinerea Lowland Fuelwood, Medicinal ACA/TOR Otiep (Luo) Acacia tortilis Lowland Shade, timber, firewood ALB/ZYG Otor (Luo) Albizia zygia Low & submontane Timber MLT/STU Pangapanga (Swahili) Millettia stuhlmannii Lowland Timber, shade ISB/GLO Paza-­‐nachilenge (Fipa) Isoberlinia globiflora Low & submontane Timber, fibre, bee forage HRR/ABY Pedo (Luo) Harrisonia abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood MSS Pekaki (Shambaa) Mussaenda sp. Low & submontane Medicinal POD/MIL Podo (Chagga) Podocarpus milanjianus Submontane Timber MCR/KIL Pofwe (Fipa) Macaranga kilimandscharica Submontane Timber, firewood ANI/ADO Pouteria adolfi-­‐friedericii Aningeria adolfi-­‐friedericii Submontane Near endemic GRW/MIC Powe (Luo) Grewia micrantha Lowland Edible fruits, firewood LAG/IND Pride of (English) Lagerstroemia indica low & submontane Exotic, ornamental STS/KUN Puhhi (Iraqw) Stereospermum kunthianum Low & submontane Firewood, medicinal CRO/POL Puishi (Shambaa) Croton polytrichus Lowland Medicinal, firewood

70 70 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes CRO/PSE Puishi (Shambaa) Croton pseudopulchellus Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ZIZ/ABY Qal-­‐landi (Iraqw) Ziziphus abyssinica Lowland Edible fruits TRN/GRA Rayudhi (Luo) Tarenna graveolens Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ZNT/CHA Roko (Kurya) Zanthoxylum chalybeum Lowland Medicinal, food, fuel wood JAM/JAM Rose (English) Jambosa jambos Lowland Exotic, fruits, ornamental ROY/REG Royal palm (English) Roystonea regia Lowland Exotic, ornamental RUB/COR Rubiya (Matengo) Rubia cordifolia Low & submontane Medicinal MAR/DIS Rufuo (Lugulu) Margaritaria discoidea Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood POR/PEN Sa-­‐maka (Shambaa) Porterandia penduliflora Lowland Medicinal, firewood AOR/PEN Sa-­‐manka (Shambaa) Aoranthe penduliflora Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras TRC/MYR Saani (Shambaa) Tricalysia myrtifolia Lowland Medicinal, firewood OLE/AFR Sahhati (Iraqw) Olea africana Submontane Timber CHM/ABS Sambilya (Sukuma) Chamaecrista absus Lowland Medicinal HUR/CRE Sand box tree (English) Hura crepitans Lowland Exotic ornamental, poisonous seeds RHU/NAT Sangla (Kurya) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood ALB/GUM Sangupesi (Maasai) Albizia gummifera Low & submontane Timber TER/SER Sarakwi (Iraqw) Terminalia sericea Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal GRW/SIM Saski (Iraqw) Grewia similis Low & submontane Edible fruits, firewood CLM/HIR Sau (Nyaturu) Cleome hirta Lowland Medicinal, vegetable ECL/DIV Seguneda (Sukuma) Euclea divinorum Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye BAR Sengereti (Pare) Barleria sp. Lowland Medicinal, firewood ACL/FRU Shaiti (Maasai) Acalypha fruticosa Lowland Ornamental COR/MON Shenhu (Sukuma) Cordia monoica Lowland Firewood, medicinal CMB/TEN Shimbiti (Makonde) Combretum tenuiapicatum Lowland Woodfuel SCR/LON Siguluka (Makonde) Securidaca longipedunculata Lowland Medicinal, firewood ALB/PET Simihhi (Iraqw) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber ECL Sinyanyi (Iraqw) Euclea sp. Lowland Medicinal, natural dye ECL/RAC Sinyat (Barabaig) Euclea racemosa Low & submontane Medicinal, natural dye BER/ABY Sinyesha (Tongwe) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood RHU/NAT Sirongi (Iraqw) Rhus natalensis Lowland Food, medicinal, fuel wood ACA/SIE Siyonga (Fipa) Acacia sieberiana Low & Submontane Shade, firewood TER/MOL Sohhi (Iraqw) Terminalia mollis Lowland Woodfuel, Medicinal FLA/IND Sokhalmo (Iraqw) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood GUN/PER Sombombo (Matengo) Gunnera perpensa Low & submontane Medicinal, ornamental AVE/CAR Star fruit (English) Averrhoa carambola Low & submontane Exotic, fruits GYM/BUK Sumkaushe (Gogo) Gymnosporia bukobiana Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood VIT/MOM Sungwi (Sukuma) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood CAT/EDU Takana (Fipa) Catha edulis Submontane Stimulant, Medicinal VIT/MOM Talali (Sukuma) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood DRP/RET Tambaa-­‐mshwa (Shambaa) Drypetes reticulata Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ENS/VEN Tambwe (Shambaa) Ensete ventricosum Submontane Edible fruits, ornamental RCN/HEU Tandoa (Shambaa) Ricinodendron heudelotii Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood, fruit CMB/ZEY Tepeliwaile (Makonde) Combretum zeyheri Lowland Woodfuel, medicinal TER/MAN Terminalia (English) Terminalia mantaly Lowland Exotic, ornamental VAN/VOL Theregho (Iraqw) Vangueria volkensii Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood PHO/REC Thianthii (Iraqw) Phoenix reclinata Lowland Weaving, ornamental ACA/CRA Thick-­‐podded salwood (English) Acacia crassicarpa Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty MRK/OBT Thithiwi (Iraqw) Markhamia obtusifolia Lowland Firewood, tool handles AZN/GAR Tlaghay (Iraqw) Azanza garckeana Lowland Edible fruits CLR/MYR Tlaghmo/Fori (Iraqw) Clerodendrum myricoides Lowland Fuelwood ALB/HAR Tlahhari (Iraqw) Albizia harveyi Low & submontane Timber VIT/MOM Tlambaumo (Iraqw) Vitex mombassae Lowland Edible fruits, Firewood BRH/MIC Tondo (Pogoro) Brachystegia microphylla Low & submontane Timber KHA/ANT Tondolo (Bondei) Khaya anthotheca Lowland Timber KHA/ANT Tondoo (Bondei) Khaya anthotheca Lowland Timber FLA/IND Tsapenai (Iraqw) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood LNN/SCM Tsarmai (Iraqw) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood

71

71 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes LNN/SCM Tsarmaumo (Iraqw) Lannea schimperi Lowland Edible fruits, firewood OLE/AFR Tsarmaumo (Iraqw) Olea africana Submontane Timber ALB/AMA Tsori (Iraqw) Albizia amara Low & submontane Timber TUR/ROB Tumatumu (Iraqw) Turraea robusta Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood COM/PIL Twentwa (Shambaa) Commiphora pilosa Lowland Firewood LIP/JAV Ufani (Iraqw) Lippia javanica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood PSY/RIP Ufudu (Matengo) Psychotria riparia Lowland Medicinal, firewood ZIZ/ABY Ufuru (Matengo) Ziziphus abyssinica Lowland Edible fruits RUB/COR Ukakaka (Shambaa) Rubia cordifolia Low & submontane Medicinal BUR/AFR Ukanati (Fipa) Burkea africana Lowland Timber SMI/ANC Ukokozi (Shambaa) Smilax anceps Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood DOV Ukolokolo (Matengo) Dovyalis sp. Low & submontane Edible fruits, fence FLA/IND Ukolokoto (Matengo) Flacourtia indica Lowland Fruits, medicinal, fuel wood ACA/DRE Ulula (Nyamwezi) Acacia drepanolobium Lowland Source of gum, firewood WRI Umbeiga (Makonde) Wrightia sp. Lowland Medicinal ROT/FIS Ummngo (Kurya) Rothmannia fischeri Lowland Medicinal, firewood, dye AFZ/QUA Umsesengoma (Nyiha) Afzelia quanzensis Lowland Timber ALB/PET Umswaki (Nyiha) Albizia petersiana Low & submontane Timber ACA/MAC Umswenya (Nyiha) Acacia macrothyrsa Lowland Firewood ANT/VEN Umumwelaminzi (Nyiha) Antidesma venosum Low & submontane Medicinal, fruits KIG/AFR Umuriba (Luo) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal DSP/MES Umusu (Fipa) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood CSS/ANG Undaunda (Shambaa) Cassia angolensis Submontane Medicinal DSP/MES Unichinde-­‐ Mbinde (Fipa) Diospyros mespiliformis Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood COM/AFR Untaka (Fipa) Commiphora africana Lowland Firewood, resin SEN/ALA Upupu wa mwitu (Swahili) Senna alata Lowland Medicinal, Ornamental ACA Usembe (Kurya) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood ACA/ADE Usirii (Kurya) Acacia adenocalyx Lowland Firewood SCP Utavatava (Matengo) Scolopia sp. Low & submontane Medicinal, firewood ALB/LEB Uturuban (Luo) Albizia lebbeck Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty FAD/CIE Vikoko (Matengo) Fadogia cienkowskii Low & submontane Edible fruits ACA/NIL Viungenjache (Makonde) Acacia nilotica Low & Submontane Shade, firewood CMB/OBO Vugobeko (Nyamwezi) Combretum obovatum Lowland Woodfuel CMB/LON Vugovego (Nyamwezi) Combretum longispicatum Lowland Woodfuel CMB/PUR Vugoveko (Nyamwezi) Combretum purpureiflorum Lowland Woodfuel ACA Waloi (Iraqw) Acacia sp. Lowland Firewood DAL/ARB Warambu (Iraqw) Dalbergia arbutifolia Lowland Woodfuel, Medicine TEC/SIM Warfi (Iraqw) Teclea simplicifolia Submontane Woodfuel, Medicinal ACA/JUL Wattle (English) Acacia julifera Low & submontane Exotic, agroforesty BER/ABY Wowosa (Chagga) Bersama abyssinica Lowland Medicinal, fuel wood KIG/AFR Yaago (Luo) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal ACT Yiinzu-­‐na-­‐mkulu (Nyaturu) Acanthospermum sp. Lowland Firewood KIG/AFR Yogo (Luo) Kigelia africana Lowland Medicinal SYZ/CUM Zambalawe (Sukuma) Syzygium cumini Lowland Exotic, shade, edible fruits, medicinal, timber STR/VOL Zanza (Fipa) Strychnos volkensii Low & submontane Edible fruits, medicinal, firewood ALC/COR Zasa (Shambaa) Alchornea cordifolia Low & submontane Medicinal ALC/HIR Zasa (Shambaa) Alchornea hirtella Low & Submontane Medicinal ANK/KUM Zonozono (Shambaa) Annickia kummeriae Lowland Firewood ENA/KUM Zonozono (Shambaa) Enantia kummeriae Submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras LPN/USA Zonozono (Shambaa) Leptonychia usambarensis Low & submontane Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood, dye PLT/STU Zonozono (Shambaa) Polyalthia stuhlmannii Lowland Near endemic to the Usambaras, firewood

72

72 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

4.2 Bamboo species by vernacular names (common names)

Code Vernacular name Latin name Habitat Notes BAM/VUL Asi (Shambaa) Bambusa vulgaris Lowland Exotic, Bambusa OXT/ABY Kitindi (Hehe) Oxytenanthera abyssinica Submontane Bambusa wine, building, weaving BAM/VUL Lasi (Shambaa) Bambusa vulgaris Lowland Exotic, Bambusa OXT/ABY Mulanzi (Hehe) Oxytenanthera abyssinica Submontane Bambusa wine, building, weaving ARU/ALP Mwanzi (Swahili) Arundinaria alpina Montane Tall grass like Bambusa ARU/TOL Mwanzi (Swahili) Arundinaria tolange Low & submontane Exotic, poles, weaving BAM/BAM Mwanzi (Swahili) Bambusa bambos Low & submontane Exotic, poles, weaving BAM/MUL Mwanzi (Swahili) Bambusa multiplex Low & submontane Exotic, poles, weaving BAM/NUT Mwanzi (Swahili) Bambusa nutans Low & submontane Exotic, poles, weaving BAM/TEX Mwanzi (Swahili) Bambusa textilis Lowland Exotic, ornamental, hedge CHN/HOO Mwanzi (Swahili) Chimono-­‐bambusa hookeriana Low & submontane Exotic, weaving ORE/BUC Mwanzi (Swahili) Oreobambos buchwaldii Low & submontane Exotic, building, weaving OXT/BRA Mwanzi (Swahili) Oxytenanthera braunii Low & submontane Exotic, building, weaving

73 73 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

REFERENCES

Hamilton, A.C. (1989). The place and the problem. A survey of forest types on the East Usambaras using the variable-area tree plot method. In A.C.

Hamilton & R. Bensted-Smith (eds.). Forest conservation in the East Usambara Mountains Tanzania. IUCN, Gland. Pp 213-226.

Iversen, S.T. (1991). The Usambara mountains, North - East Tanzania: Phytogeography of the flora. Uppsala University, Uppsala.

74 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

75 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

76 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

77 Species List: Sorted by vernacular names (common names)

78