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Home , Dudhwa National Park, Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, Kali Tiger Reserve, Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary, Mudumalai National Park, Nallamala Hills

Protected Areas in News

Tiger Reserves in News ...... 2 About ...... 2 Pakke reserve...... 2 tiger reserve ...... 2 Nagarjunasagar Tiger Reserve (NSTR) ...... 3 Panna Tiger Reserve ...... 6 tiger reserve ...... 6 Amrabad Tiger Reserve ...... 6 Mudumalai Tiger Reserve ...... 6 Kawal Tiger Reserve ...... 7 ...... 7 ...... 7 Ranthambore Tiger Reserve ...... 7 Valmiki Tiger Reserve: ...... 7 : ...... 8 ...... 8

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Tiger Reserves in News

About  A protected area statutorily designated for the conservation of . These reserves are governed by Projecty Tiger and administered by the National Authority. Tiger is ’s national animal & India is home to 80% of Tigers in the World. Tiger Reserves are spread across 18 states in India.  National Tiger Conservation Authority  It was established in December 2005 following a recommendation of the Tiger Task Force which was constituted by the Prime Minister of India for reorganised management of and the many Tiger Reserves in India.  The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 was amended in 2006 to provide for its constitution.  It is responsible for implementation of the Project Tiger to protect endangered tigers.  It is set up under the Chairmanship of the Minister for Environment and Forests.  Functions:  Lay down normative standards, guidelines for tiger conservation in the Tiger Reserves, National Parks and Sanctuaries.  Provide information on protection measures.  Facilitate and support tiger reserve management in the States through eco-development and people’s participation.

Pakke tiger reserve  State government is planning to build a 692.7 km highway through the (PTR) in . Named the East-West Industrial Corridor, the highway aims to connect BhairabKunda in West Kameng district and Manmao in Changlang district along Arunachal Pradesh’s border with .  Pakke Tiger Reserve is also known as Pakhui Tiger Reserve.  This Tiger Reserve has won India Award 2016 in the category of 'Conservation of threatened species' for its Nest Adoption Programme.  It is bounded by Bhareli or Kameng River in the west and north, and by Pakke River in the east.  Neighbours: Papum Reserve Forest in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam’s , Doimara Reserve Forest and Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary.  The main perennial streams in the area are the Nameri, Khari and Upper Dikorai. West of Kameng River is .

Melghat tiger reserve  Located in the Amaravati district of .  It is on the southern offshoot of the Satpura Hill Range in Central India, called Gavilgarh Hill.  The and the Gawilgadh ridge of the Satpura Range form the boundaries of the reserve.  It was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. It was among the first nine tiger reserves notified in 1973-74 under Project Tiger.  It was the first tiger reserve of Maharashtra.  The name 'Melghat' means the confluence of various 'ghats' or valleys as is typical from the landscape of this tiger Reserve.  Other prominent animals are , Indian , Sambar , , , etc.  The endangered and 'back from extinction' Forest Owlet is also found in various areas of Melghat.  Flora: The forests are of deciduous nature and have been classified as ‘dry deciduous forests’. Most prominent is .  Korku tribe: The Korku tribeadds to the cultural diversity of the Reserve.  Other Tiger Reserves in Maharashtra: Tadoba-Andhari; Pench; Sahyadri; Navegaon-Nagzira; Bor

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NagarjunasagarSrisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR)  It is the largest Tiger Reserve in India.  The reserve spreads over five districts in and .  The area consists mostly of the Nallamala Hills.  The cuts its basin almost 200 m (660 ft) deep over a distance of 130 km (81 mi) through the reserve.

Panna Tiger Reserve  ’s has been declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.  The UNESCO’s recognition cited PTR as a critical tiger habitat.  The Panna tiger reserve is situated in the Vindhya mountain range in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh.  (a tributary of the Yamuna River) flows through the reserve.  The region is also famous for Panna diamond mining.  Ken-Betwa river interlinking project will be located within the tiger reserve.

Pilibhit tiger reserve  (PTR) in has bagged the first international award, TX2, among the 13 tiger ranging countries for having doubled the number of tigers in less than the stipulated time.  In 2014, All India Tiger Estimation had estimated 25 tigers in Pilibhit and 2018 estimation showed an increase by projecting 65 tigers.  It is located in , Lakhimpur District and of Uttar Pradesh.  Its northern edge lies along the Indo- border while the southern boundary is marked by the river Sharada and Khakra.  It was declared a reserve in September 2008 on the basis of its special type of ecosystem with vast open spaces and sufficient feed for the elegant predators and is India’s 45th Tiger Reserve Project.  According to a study by Wildlife Institute of India (WII) it has high conservation value as it represents the only tiger population with the ecological and behavioral adaptations of the tiger unique to the Tarai region.  Flora and Fauna: It is home to a habitat for over 127 animals, 326 species and 2,100 flowering plants.

Amrabad Tiger Reserve  A major forest fire was reported for a second time from the Amrabad Tiger Reserve in .  AmrabadTiger Reserve lies in Nallamala hills of Telangana.  It is India’ssecond-largest tiger reserve, next only to NagarjunasagarSrisailam Tiger Reserve (Andhra Pradesh and Telangana).  It has a large presence of the Chenchu tribe.  It harbours great biodiversity, consisting of around 70 species of , more than 300 hundred avian varieties, 60 species of reptiles and thousands of insects, all supported and nourished by more than 600 different plant species.

Mudumalai Tiger Reserve  The 48-day rejuvenation camp for captive elephants was inaugurated at the elephant camp in the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve (MTR).  The and Wildlife Sanctuary also a declared tiger reserve, lies on the northwestern side of the Nilgiri Hills in Nilgiri District, in , India.  It shares its boundaries with the states of and .  It is a part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve along with Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary (Kerala) in the West, (Karnataka) in the North, National Park and Silent in the South.  The sanctuary is divided into five ranges – Masinagudi, Thepakadu, Mudumalai, Kargudi and Nellakota.  The protected area is home to several endangered and vulnerable species including , , Malabar Giant Squirrel, gaur and .

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 There are at least 266 species of in the sanctuary, including critically endangered Indian white-rumped vulture and long-billed vulture.

Kawal Tiger Reserve  The Kawal Tiger reserve is increasingly getting threatened by growing human encroachment, rampant poaching, illegal wood felling, and habitat loss.  Kawal Tiger Reserve is located in the northern part of Telangana.  The was established in 1965 and later declared as a Protected Area (PA) in 1999 under the Wildlife protection act (WPA), 1972.  The declared Kawal wildlife sanctuary as Tiger Reserve in 2012.  The Kawal Tiger Reserve is well known for its abundant flora and fauna.  The sanctuary is one of the richest teak forests in the state. Dry deciduous teak forests mixed with , terminalia, Pterocarpus, anogeisus, and cassias constitute the predominant flora of the region.  species that have been sighted include tiger, leopard, gaur, cheetal, sambar, , barking deer, chowsingha, and sloth bear. Several species of birds and reptiles are also found in the sanctuary.

Sariska Tiger reserve  The Ministry of Tourism’s Dekho Apna Desh webinar featured a presentation and virtual tour of ‘Destination- Sariska Tiger reserve.  It is situated in District of in lap of Aravali hills.  It got a status of wildlife reserve in year 1955 and in year 1978 it became Sariska Tiger Reserve.  The former hunting reserve of the Maharaja of Alwar, the Sariska valley is home to a variety of flora and fauna.  Fauna:comprises Royal Bengal Tiger, Leopard, , , , , , Sambhar, Blue Bull, and Four Horned antelope.  Flora:Dhok tree, Salar, Kadaya, Dhak, Gol, Ber, Khair, Bargad, Arjun, Gugal and Bamboo etc.  The place is a paradise for bird lovers as it shelters a large population of , crested serpent eagles, sand grouse, golden-backed , great Indian horned , tree pies, vultures and many others.  It is the first reserve in the world with successfully relocated tigers. It is an important biodiversity area in the Northern Aravalli leopard and wildlife corridor.

Satkosia Tiger Reserve  It comprises of two adjoining Sanctuaries of central named as Satkosia Gorge Sanctuary and Baisipalli Sanctuary.  Establishment These two sanctuaries together covering an area of 963 sq.km. have been notified as Satkosia Tiger Reserve in 2007.  It is located in the of Odisha where the River passes through a 22 km long gorge in the mountains. The area is also a part of the Mahanadi elephant reserve.  Lying in a transitional zone extending between the Chhota Nagpur Plateau and the , the tiger reserve exhibits endemic life forms of both biotic provinces.

Ranthambore Tiger Reserve  It lies in the eastern part of Rajasthan state, at the junction of the Aravalli and Vindhya hill ranges.  It was established initially as Sawai Madhopur Game Sanctuary in 1955 by the Government of India and declared a Tiger Reserve in 1973 and a national park in 1980.

Valmiki Tiger Reserve:  Gaur (Bos Gaurus) has returned to ’s Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) due to an increase in cover.  , Tiger Reserve and Wildlife Sanctuary is located at the India-Nepal border in the of Bihar on the bank of river Gandak.  It is the only National park and Tiger Reserve of Bihar.

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Kali Tiger Reserve:  It islocated in Karnataka.  It comprises two important protected areas of the region namely Wildlife Sanctuary and Anshi National Park.  Moist deciduous and semi-evergreen with excellent patches of evergreen forests.  Animals found in the Tiger Reserve include Tiger, Leopard, Elephant, Bison, Wild dog, Sambar, Spotted deer, Sloth bear, , Hanuman langur, Bonnet macaque, varieties of reptiles and birds, etc.

Dudhwa Tiger Reserve  It is a protected area in Uttar Pradesh.  It shares the north-eastern boundary with Nepal, which is defined to a large extent by the Mohana River.  The area is a vast alluvial floodplain traversed by numerous rivers and streams flowing in south-easterly direction.  Flora: It is home to one of finest forests in India, some of these trees are more than 150 years old and over 70 ft tall.  Fauna: Apart from tigers (estimated 106–118), it is also home to swamp deer, , barking deer, spotted deer, hog deer, , sloth bear, ratel, jackal, civets, jungle cat, , etc.  In 1987, the was brought under the purview of the ‘Project Tiger’ as Dudhwa Tiger  Reserve.

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