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Healing the Wounds of the Most Excluded Sections of Nepali Society

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This booklet compiles journalistic narrative profiles of ten victims of political conflict Stories from Nepal’s Transitional Justice Process that took place in Nepal between 1996 and 2006. These victims represent one Healing the Wounds of the most excluded sections of Nepali society. In addition, as a victims’ booklet, Healing the this publication includes factual and actionable, “utility” information for those seeking support or help. Wounds l Media Foundation With Facts, Context & Utility Information Healing the Wounds Stories from Nepal’s Transitional Justice Process Media Foundation Kathmandu This booklet compiles journalistic narrative profiles of ten victims of political conflict that took place in Nepal between 1996 and 2006. These victims represent one of the most excluded sections of Nepali society. In addition, as a victims’ booklet, this publication includes factual and actionable, “utility” information for those seeking support or help. Coordinators Punita Rimal Prabhat Kiran Koirala 2011 Shanti Marga, Bhatbhateni 40, PO Box: 9824, Kathmandu, Nepal Phone: 977-1-441-5137 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.media-foundation.org/ © 2011 Media Foundation Cover photo: Ekal Silwal (Santa Bahadur Magar of Devendrapur, Chitwan, helping his disabled wife and conflict victim Durga Maya, 55, in March 2011. Book design and printing: Creative Press Pvt .Ltd. First published, May 2011 Provided that the text is credited correctly, content from this booklet can be used freely for personal, non-commercial purposes. ISBN 978-9937-2-33528-0 This booklet has been supported by UN Peace Building Fund through UN Peace Fund Nepal and OHCHR Nepal. The views and opinions expressed in this booklet are of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of Media Foundation or OHCHR-Nepal. CONTENTS Healing Words ................................................................................................................. iv FOREWORD ..................................................................................................................... vi INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................vii Narrative Stories KILLED Search For Justice (Reena Rasaili, 17), Kavre ● Bhoj Raj Timalsina ....................................... 1 Honor Alone Doesn’t Help Life (Deependra Sah Teli, 25), Parsa ● Shatrughan Nepal .......... 8 The Massacre of Kahule (Chandra Man Tamang, 16), Nuwakot ● Deepak Adhikari ........... 14 Goma’s Woes (Govinda Thapaliya, 28), Panchthar ● Bimala Dhakal ................................. 21 DISAPPEARED A Living Widow (Bishnu Kepchhaki Magar, 31), Udaypur ● Maheshwor Chamling Rai ..... 27 A Mother’s Tears (Deepa Wali, 15), Surkhet ● Bishnu Kumari Khanal ................................ 33 Belrani’s Sorrows (Likha Ram Tharu, 19), Bardiya ● Dinesh Gautam .................................. 39 DISABLED A Wounded Heart (Durga Maya Magar, 55), Chitwan ● Ekal Silwal .................................. 45 No One To Heal the Wounds (Laxmi Thapaliya, 54), Makawanpur ● Ramkumar Elan ....... 55 DISPLACED Let Such War Not Repeat (Gaumati Gharti, 46), Rolpa ● Khem Bahadur Buda ................ 61 Facts & Context TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE DEFINED .......................................................................................... 70 VICTIMS IN NUMBERS ........................................................................................................... 72 RECORDING THE WAR ........................................................................................................... 74 CONFLICT VICTIMS’ VOICES ................................................................................................... 75 REPARATION AND REHABILITATION EFFORTS ........................................................................ 79 DEATHS IN WARS AND CONFLICTS IN THE 20th CENTURY ..................................................... 80 LIST OF POST-CONFLICT COUNTRIES ..................................................................................... 87 TRUTH COMMISSIONS AROUND THE WORLD ....................................................................... 88 Utility Information GOVERNMENT RELIEF EFFORTS ............................................................................................. 91 LOCAL PEACE COMMITTEES ................................................................................................. 103 CONFLICT AND HEALING TRAUMA ...................................................................................... 106 SELECTED LIST OF RELEVANT ORGANIZATIONS ................................................................... 109 USER’S NOTES ...................................................................................................................... 112 Healing the Wounds Healing Words • How much more should I wait • Three things cannot be long hidden: for justice? -- Devi Sunar, mother the sun, the moon, and the truth.-- of Maina Sunar, 17, killed by Buddha government forces in 2060. • Yesterday we obeyed kings and • The most shocking fact about war is bent our necks before emperors. that its victims and its instruments But today we kneel only to truth, are individual human beings, and follow only beauty, and obey only that these individual beings are love.-- Khalil Gibran condemned by the monstrous conventions of politics to murder • In matters of truth and justice, or be murdered in quarrels not there is no difference between their own. -- Aldous Huxley large and small problems, for issues concerning the treatment of people • The people of Nepal have taken a are all the same.-- Albert Einstein stand for democracy, and it would be especially inspiring for the • At his best, man is the noblest of all entire world to see Nepal, which animals; separated from law and already makes such a tremendous justice he is the worst.-- Aristotle difference in peacekeeping for • Punishment is justice for the others, overcome its own conflict unjust.-- Saint Augustine and achieve lasting peace at home.- - Ban Ki-Moon • Forgiveness is the answer to the child’s dream of a miracle by which • The practice of peace and what is broken is made whole reconciliation is one of the most again, what is soiled is made clean vital and artistic of human actions. again.-- Dag Hammarskjold --Nhat Hanh • For a successful revolution it is not • An eye for an eye only ends up enough that there is discontent. making the whole world blind. -- What is required is a profound Mohandas Gandhi and thorough conviction of the • If we have no peace, it is because justice, necessity and importance we have forgotten that we belong of political and social rights.-- B. R. to each other.-- Mother Teresa Ambedkar • In a free society the state does not • If you want to make peace with administer the affairs of men. It your enemy, you have to work with administers justice among men who your enemy. Then he becomes your conduct their own affairs.-- Walter partner.-- Nelson Mandela Lippmann iv • Always forgive your enemies – bestowing mercy on both sides. - nothing annoys them so much.-- MORE Amnesty is as good for those Oscar Wilde who give it as for those who receive it. It has the admirable quality of • Compassion, forgiveness, these are bestowing mercy on both sides. -- the real, ultimate sources of power Victor Hugo for peace and success in life.-- Tenzin Gyatso, The 14th Dalai Lama • Reconciliation should be accompanied by justice, otherwise • Forgiveness does not change the it will not last. While we all hope for past, but it does enlarge the future. peace it shouldn’t be peace at any Paul Boese -- cost but peace based on principle, • Without forgiveness life is governed on justice.-- Corazon Aquino by an endless cycle of resentment • If there is to be reconciliation, first Roberto Assagioli and retaliation -- there must be truth.--Timothy B. • Forgiveness is of high value, yet it Tyson, an African American scholar Unknown costs nothing. – • Healing yourself is connected with • Without forgiveness, there’s no healing others.--Yoko Ono Desmond Tutu future.-- • The words of kindness are more • If you want to see the brave, look healing to a drooping heart than at those who can forgive -- The balm or honey. -- Sarah Fielding Bhagavad-Gita • A reform is a correction of abuses; • Amnesty is as good for those who a revolution is a transfer of power. give it as for those who receive -- Robert Bulwer-Lytton it. It has the admirable quality of v FOREWORD This publication is designed as a public education material on Nepal’s transitional justice efforts. The book chronicles a sample of ten journalistic narrative stories of people victimized during Nepal’s internal conflict between 1996 and 2006. These first-hand stories highlight the experiences of victims in seeking truth and accessing justice. The book translates expert knowledge on peacebuilding into the common language of the beneficiaries for a realistic public understanding of the transitional process as well as its context. As a victims’ booklet, it also includes actionable, “utility” information for those seeking support or help. The narratives, historical backgrounds and contexts on the topic are organized around four key themes of transitional justice process: truth-seeking, prosecutions, reparations to victims, and institutional reform. The book is by no means a comprehensive documentation of the suffering and pain of the thousands of victims of the Nepali conflict. It, nonetheless, is a step towards the healing
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