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Vol. 48, No 1-2, March-June 2005 ISSN 0031-1480 VOL. 48, NO 1-2, MARCH-JUNE 2005 Medical Society of Papua New Guinea Executive 2005 President: Mathias Sapuri Vice-President: Nicholas Mann Secretary: Sylvester Lahe Treasurer: Harry Aigeeleng Executive Member: Uma Ambihaipahar Published quarterly by the Medical Society of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Medical Journal ISSN 0031-1480 March-June 2005, Volume 48, Number 1-2 EDITORS: PETER M. SIBA, JOHN REEDER, NAKAPI TEFUARANI Editorial Committee I. Kevau A. Saweri G. Mola Editorial Assistant: Cynthea Leahy Emeritus Editor: Michael Alpers Email: [email protected] Web page: http://www.pngimr.org.pg Registered at GPO, Port Moresby for transmission by Post as a Qualified Publication. Printed by PNG Printing for the Medical Society of Papua New Guinea. Authors preparing manuscripts for publication in the Journal should consult ‘Information for Authors’ inside back cover. Papua New Guinea Medical Journal Volume 48, Number 1-2, March-June 2005 CONTENTS 50TH YEAR CELEBRATION FOREWORD 50th year celebration P.M. Siba 1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The first 50 years of the Papua New Guinea Medical Journal: a celebration of its Golden Jubilee M.P. Alpers 2 CLASSIC PAPERS Some epidemiological features of pig-bel T.G.C. Murrell 27 The pathogenesis of pig-bel in Papua New Guinea G. Lawrence 39 Stronglyloides species infestation in young infants of Papua New Guinea: association with generalized oedema J.D. Vince, R.W. Ashford, M.J. Gratten and J. Bana-Koiri 50 Strongyloides infection in a mid-mountain Papua New Guinea community: results of an epidemiological survey R.W. Ashford, J.D. Vince, M.J. Gratten and J. Bana-Koiri 58 Weanling diarrhoea J. Biddulph and P. Pangkatana 66 The bacteriology of acute pneumonia and meningitis in children in Papua New Guinea: assumptions, facts and technical strategies M. Gratten and J. Montgomery 73 Nutrition and morbidity: acute lower respiratory tract infections, diarrhoea and malaria D. Lehmann, P. Howard and P. Heywood 87 Small-area variations in the epidemiology of malaria in Madang Province J.A. Cattani, J.S. Moir, F.D. Gibson, M. Ginny, J. Paino, W. Davidson and M.P. Alpers 95 Hereditary ovalocytosis in Melanesians D. Amato and P.B. Booth 102 Trends in sexually transmitted disease incidence in Papua New Guinea C.K. Lombange 109 A New Guinea population in which blood pressure appears to fall as age advances I. Maddocks and L. Rovin 122 MEDLARS BIBLIOGRAPHY 127 PNG Med J 2005 Mar-Jun;48(1-2):1 FOREWORD 50th year celebration This issue of the Papua New Guinea with people being willing to contribute papers Medical Journal is a special one as it for publication and the Editors have always celebrates the 50th year of the Journal’s encouraged authors and especially new existence. The issue has been put together authors to submit their papers. for the purpose of honouring those who have contributed and worked tirelessly to ensure The editorial staff are now preparing a that this quality Journal continues to be print-ready copy of the Journal and this will published. reduce the time it takes to produce an issue of the Journal. There are many issues in the Michael Alpers has meticulously recorded pipeline and it is hoped that we will shortly the history of the first 50 years of the Journal get back on track. (1) and together with the Editors has selected 11 articles from past issues of the Journal. Peter M. Siba Some of these articles will bring back memories of past research and Editor, Papua New Guinea Medical Journal achievements ofPapua New Guinean Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical scientists and doctors and for others, who Research might be reading them for the first time, they will be examples of why the Journal has been PO Box 60 described as a national asset (2). Goroka EHP 441 Over the years there have been problems Papua New Guinea with the printing of the Journal and the publication schedule has fallen badly behind, REFERENCES but despite this the Journal has continued to be published. Finance has also been a 1 Alpers MP. The first 50 years of the Papua New Guinea Medical Journal: a celebration of its Golden problem and the Medical Society has at times Jubilee. PNG Med J 2005;48:2-26. struggled to find the funds to pay for its 2 Naraqi S. Papua New Guinea Medical Journal – a publication. There has never been a problem national asset. PNG Med J 1977;20:156-157. 1 PNG Med J 2005 Mar-Jun;48(1-2):2-26 The first 50 years of the Papua New Guinea Medical Journal: a celebration of its Golden Jubilee MICHAEL P. A LPERS1 Centre for International Health, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia The Papua New Guinea Medical Journal It began that way, with 4 issues in the first was founded in May 1955. In a Foreword to year and the publication of Volume 2 No 1 in the first issue the Founding Editor, John T. May 1956. However, after that its publication Gunther, who was Director of Public Health, record became spasmodic: in 1957, 1961, outlined the purpose of the Journal and its 1962 and 1964 there was only one issue and philosophy. It was initially an instrument of there was none in 1958 and 1963. the Department of Public Health and, after Fortunately, once Ian Maddocks took charge the first 2 issues, the editorial responsibility as Editor in March 1965 the quarterly for it devolved on Eric J. Wright, who was publication schedule very quickly became Assistant Director (Medical Training) in the firmly established and persisted, with minor Department. The Medical Society of Papua exceptions, until 1999; since then the Journal New Guinea was established on 28 July 1964 has been reduced, as a survival measure, and very quickly, in March 1965, took over to two double issues a year (Table 1). responsibility for the Journal, though publication was continued by the Department The first issue included an editorial, of Public Health. This final link as an original articles, clinical notes, reviews of ‘instrument of the Department’ came to an patrol reports and other sections such as end in June 1974, when the Government literature reviews and an obituary. The first printed its last issue of the Journal. The article was a paper, which has often been September 1974 issue came out under the quoted, by J. T. Gunther on the epidemiology imprint of Kristen Pres and was paid for by of malaria in PNG (1). the Society. The Journal had achieved independence (a year before the nation), and In the second issue of the Journal one with it came the beginning of its financial editorial was about the Journal itself and uncertainties. expanded on the point made in the first issue that the Journal should be for all members However, other parts of John Gunther’s of the health professions in PNG, at all levels. purpose and philosophy have persisted to the This intention was carried out for a while but, present day. The Journal was to be “devoted as the Journal became more scientific and to the disease pattern and other problems more successful, the interest for nurses, peculiar” to Papua New Guinea (PNG) – then health extension officers and junior doctors called the Territory of Papua and New diminished. For this reason, a series of Guinea. The Journal was intended “to keep Clinical Practice articles was initiated in all our varied grades of medical personnel December 1985 and over the next 20 years abreast of world progress in the prevention 47 such articles were published (Table 2). and treatment” of the diseases found in PNG, “to promote medical research locally into The next commentary on the Journal these diseases” and “to facilitate an itself was in Ian Maddocks’ editorial (2) in exchange of ideas between…geographically the first issue that was ‘edited and prepared’ isolated” members of the health professions. by the Medical Society of Papua New Guinea. Firstly, he announced the formation The Journal was to be published quarterly. of the Society and stated its objectives: 1 Curtin University of Technology, Centre for International Health, Shenton Park Campus, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia Formerly Director of the Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 60, Goroka, EHP 441, Papua New Guinea 2 Papua New Guinea Medical Journal Volume 48, No 1-2, Mar-Jun 2005 (a) To promote the advance of medical he reviewed the role of the Journal (3). He knowledge, and to assist in the planned to extend the scope of the Journal, dissemination of such knowledge in the same search for a Papua New amongst its members; Guinean character as had engaged Ian Maddocks – but with a different outcome. His idea was to present medical reviews of (b) To promote such ethical rules, conduct both research projects and medical problems and practice as will best maintain the related to PNG. In addition, he felt strongly honour of the profession; and that visiting research workers should be obliged to contribute in some way to the local (c) To represent the corporate interest of all journal in order to try and bridge the medical practitioners in the country communication gap between research [Territory]. workers and health care practitioners. In a letter published a few issues later John Rooney (4) suggested that the Journal In accord with these objectives the should cater more for the needs of Papua Medical Society undertook to prepare and New Guinean doctors by adopting a less edit the PNG Medical Journal. The Editor formal and forbidding style. How to cater expressed the hope of increasing for different needs is a dilemma faced by all involvement of Papua New Guinean doctors editors and articulated by many of them.
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