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Facts Necessary to Understanding the Hawaiian
FACTS NECESSARY TO UNDERSTAND THE HAWAIIAN SITUATION David Keanu Sai, Ph.D. June 11, 2019 Fundamental to deciphering the Hawaiian situation is to discern between a state of peace and a state of war. This bifurcation provides the proper context by which certain rules of international law would or would not apply. The laws of war—jus in bello, otherwise known today as international humanitarian law, are not applicable in a state of peace. Inherent in the rules of jus in bello is the co-existence of two legal orders, being that of the occupying State and that of the occupied State. As an occupied State, the continuity of the Hawaiian Kingdom has been maintained for the past 126 years by the positive rules of international law, notwithstanding the absence of effectiveness, which is required during a state of peace.1 The failure of the United States to comply with international humanitarian law, for over a century, has created a humanitarian crisis of unimaginable proportions where war crimes have since risen to a level of jus cogens. At the same time, the obligations have erga omnes characteristics— flowing to all States. The international community’s failure to intercede, as a matter of obligatio erga omnes, is explained by the United States deceptive portrayal of Hawai‘i as an incorporated territory. As an international wrongful act, States have an obligation to not “recognize as lawful a situation created by a serious breach … nor render aid or assistance in maintaining that situation,”2 and States “shall cooperate to bring to an end through lawful means any serious breach [by a State of an obligation arising under a peremptory norm of general international law].”3 The gravity of the Hawaiian situation has been heightened by North Korea’s announcement that “all of its strategic rocket and long range artillery units ‘are assigned to strike bases of the U.S. -
M. Nawaf Salam
Nawaf Salam Nawaf Salam, né le 15 décembre 1953 à Beyrouth, est un diplomate, juriste et universitaire libanais. Il a été élu le 9 novembre 2017 juge à la Cour Internationale de Justice pour la période 2018-2027, ayant obtenu la majorité absolue des voix à l'Assemblée générale et au Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies. Il a été ambassadeur extraordinaire et plénipotentiaire, représentant permanent du Liban auprès des Nations Unies à New York de 2007 à 2017. Il est docteur d’État en sciences politiques de l'Institut d’études politiques de Paris (Sciences Po) (1992), et titulaire d’un LL.M de Harvard Law School, ainsi que d’un doctorat en histoire de la Sorbonne (1979). De 1979 à 1981, il est chargé de cours à la Sorbonne où il enseigne l’histoire contemporaine du Moyen-Orient. En 1981, il est chercheur invité au Weatherhead Center for International Affairs de l'Université de Harvard. Entre 1985 et 1989, il est maître de conférences à l'Université Américaine de Beyrouth, et avocat associé au cabinet Takla. Il est également, de 1989 à 1990, chercheur invité à Harvard Law School et, de 1989 à 1992, consultant juridique étranger à la firme Edwards & Angell LLP. En 1992, il retourne à Beyrouth où il travaille comme avocat au cabinet Takla et enseigne le droit international et les relations internationales à l'Université Américaine de Beyrouth. Il y est nommé en 2003 professeur associé invité en sciences politiques, puis professeur associé en 2005. De 2005 à 2006, il y assume la direction du département d’études politiques et d’administration publique. -
Magdalene College Magazine 2019-20
magdalene college magdalene magdalene college magazine magazine No 63 No 64 2018–19 2019 –20 M A G D A L E N E C O L L E G E The Fellowship, October 2020 THE GOVERNING BODY 2020 MASTER: Sir Christopher Greenwood, GBE, CMG, QC, MA, LLB (1978: Fellow) 1987 PRESIDENT: M E J Hughes, MA, PhD, Pepys Librarian, Director of Studies and University Affiliated Lecturer in English 1981 M A Carpenter, ScD, Professor of Mineralogy and Mineral Physics 1984 J R Patterson, MA, PhD, Praelector, Director of Studies in Classics and USL in Ancient History 1989 T Spencer, MA, PhD, Director of Studies in Geography and Professor of Coastal Dynamics 1990 B J Burchell, MA and PhD (Warwick), Joint Director of Studies in Human, Social and Political Sciences and Professor in the Social Sciences 1990 S Martin, MA, PhD, Senior Tutor, Admissions Tutor (Undergraduates), Joint Director of Studies and University Affiliated Lecturer in Mathematics 1992 K Patel, MA, MSc and PhD (Essex), Director of Studies in Land Economy and UL in Property Finance 1993 T N Harper, MA, PhD, College Lecturer in History and Professor of Southeast Asian History (1990: Research Fellow) 1994 N G Jones, MA, LLM, PhD, Director of Studies in Law (Tripos) and Reader in English Legal History 1995 H Babinsky, MA and PhD (Cranfield), Tutorial Adviser (Undergraduates), Joint Director of Studies in Engineering and Professor of Aerodynamics 1996 P Dupree, MA, PhD, Tutor for Postgraduate Students, Joint Director of Studies in Natural Sciences and Professor of Biochemistry 1998 S K F Stoddart, MA, PhD, Director -
United Nations General Assembly and Security Council Elect Four Members of the Court
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE Peace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, 2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands Tel.: +31 (0)70 302 2323 Fax: +31 (0)70 364 9928 Website: www.icj-cij.org Twitter Account: @CIJ_ICJ YouTube Channel: CIJ ICJ Press Release Unofficial No. 2017/34 10 November 2017 United Nations General Assembly and Security Council elect four Members of the Court THE HAGUE, 10 November 2017. The General Assembly and the Security Council of the United Nations yesterday elected four Members of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) for a term of office of nine years, beginning on 6 February 2018. Judges Ronny Abraham (France), Abdulqawi Ahmed Yusuf (Somalia) and Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade (Brazil) were re-elected as Members of the Court. Mr. Nawaf Salam (Lebanon) was elected as a new Member of the Court. The election of a fifth Member of the Court could not be concluded on Thursday, since no candidate obtained a majority in both the General Assembly and the Security Council. That election will continue on Monday 13 November 2017. The biographies of the re-elected Members of the Court are available on the Court’s website (www.icj-cij.org) under the heading “The Court”. The biography of the newly elected Member is annexed to this press release. In February 2018, the Court as newly constituted will proceed to elect from among its Members a President and a Vice-President, who will hold office for three years. Composition of the Court: General The International Court of Justice, which is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, comprises 15 judges, who are each elected to a nine-year term of office and may be re-elected. -
Michaelmas 2018
Issue 27 | Michaelmas Term 2018 LAUTERPACHT CENTRE NEWS Contents International Law in the 3 International Law in the Age of Bilateralism - Professor Eyal Benvenisti 6 Centre News Age of Bilateralism 11 Authors’ Workshops at the Centre 12 Fellows’ News LCIL Director Professor Eyal Benvenisti 14 The Eli Lauterpacht Lecture 2018 by Shaheed Fatima QC 16 5 minutes with.... Mr Tomohiro Mikanagi t has become clear that the world’s two major powers – wishing to reshape the international system,” China has a declining hegemon and an emerging one – are poised not rushed to set up multilateral bodies with global reach. 18 Lauterpacht Linked Ito shun multilateral international organisations and Instead, it designs its external relations based on the instead are pursuing webs of bilateral agreements. The “hub and spokes” model, an architecture that allows it to 20 The Eli Lauterpacht Fund Trump administration has clearly asserted its preference maintain supremacy over its numerous partners who are for bilateral deals while dismissing international organi- kept apart from each other. This model characterizes its 22 Conference on the Use of Force in Relation to Sovereignty Disputes over Land Territory sations as taking advantage of US generosity. Trump security arrangements in Asia, and shapes China’s most regards trade deals as inherently ‘adversarial and ze- ambitious economic (and political) initiative, the Belt 23 Inaugural International Law & Arbitration course ro-sum’, and has blatantly disregarded the multilateral and Road Initiative (BRI) that connects China with more trade rules the US had set during the victorious post-Cold than sixty selected partners that are spread across three 24 LCIL Workshop: International Law and Cyber Security War days. -
LAU Gives Young Leaders a Golden Experience in New York City
VOLUME 4, ISSUE 3 LAU Gives Young Leaders a GOLDen Experience in New York City AU’s New York Headquarters podium, President Jabbra reminded “We are proud of LAU, of Lebanon’s and Academic Center was abuzz delegates and students of Lebanon’s youth and its presence at the United Lwith young aspiring diplomats in legacy at the world body. Nations,” said Ambassador Salam. late July as 60 students representing 11 different nationalities filled the hallways “In 1948, the UN adopted the Universal “Ownership of the Global Classrooms and classrooms for the Global Outreach Declaration of Human Rights. The brand is a recognition from UNA-USA and Leadership Development Conference rapporteur who worked closely with that we have had the most successful (GOLD). Eleanor Roosevelt, Chairperson of MUN program in the world for the last the Human Rights Commission, was ten years” said Assistant Vice President The second annual GOLD conference, a young, charismatic philosopher for Outreach and Civic Engagement Elie this year’s event was unique in that LAU and diplomat, Charles Malik, then Samia. was recently handed the responsibility Ambassador of Lebanon to the UN,” of running two flagship Model UN Jabbra said. “Now Lebanon, through Building on that reputation, the July conferences. The Global Classrooms LAU, is coming back to the halls of the GOLD conference drew guest lecturers International High School Model UN United Nations to continue its mission from a variety of organizations, Conference and the Global Classrooms of teaching the youth of the world about including the Office of the Secretary International Middle School Model UN the importance of leadership, civic General’s Youth Envoy, the Friendship Conference, run by UNA-USA since their engagement, diplomacy, and peace.” Ambassador’s Foundation, The New inception in 2005, are now under LAU’s School, Syracuse University, New York purview. -
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY of BEIRUT CONTRIBUTORS REPORT 2019 July 1, 2018 – June 30, 2019 CONTRIBUTORS REPORT 2019
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT CONTRIBUTORS REPORT 2019 July 1, 2018 – June 30, 2019 CONTRIBUTORS REPORT 2019 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT CONTRIBUTORS REPORT 2019 July 1, 2018 – June 30, 2019 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT CONTRIBUTORS REPORT 2019 5 إشعار بعدم التمييز NOTICE OF NON-DISCRIMINATION تماشيا مع التزامها بمبدأ تكافؤ الفرص في التعليم والتوظيف، تحمي سياسات In line with its commitment to the principle of equal opportunity in الجامعة أالميركية في بيروت من التمييز ُالمرتكز على الخصائص المحمية، بما education and employment, AUB policies protect from discrimination في ذلك ّالتحرش التمييزي والتحرش الجنسي. on the basis of protected characteristics, including discriminatory harassment and sexual harassment. Protected characteristics الخصائص المحمية تشمل: العرق، اللون ، الدين ، العمر، الجنسية، الهوية الثنية، ,include: race, color, religion, age, national or ethnic identity, sex الجنس، الجندرأوالهوية الجندرية، الميل الجنسي، الحمل، الوضع العائلي، إالعاقة، gender or gender identity, sexual orientation, pregnancy, marital الستعداد الوراثي أو حالة السمة ّالوراثية، أالصل أالجنبي أو وضع ّالمواطنية، و status, disability, genetic predisposition or carrier status, alienage النتماء السياسي. .or citizenship status, and political affiliation تنطبق هذه السياسات على جميع أعضاء الجامعة أالميركية في بيروت بما في ,The policies are applicable to all the AUB Community including: officers ذلك: المسؤولون وأعضاء هيئة التعليم والموظفون ّوالمعينون أالكاديميون faculty, staff, academic appointees, students (including medical والطالب )بمن فيهم أال ّطباء ّالداخليين -
Walking the Line
Martin Kraft, Muzna Al-Mazri, Heiko Wimmen, Natascha Zupan Walking the Line Strategic Approaches to Peacebuilding in Lebanon Walking the Line – Strategic Approaches to Peacebuilding in Lebanon Imprint © Working Group on Development and Peace (FriEnt) forumZFD German Development Service (DED) Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung (hbs) December 2008 FriEnt c/o BMZ Adenauerallee 139 – 141, 53113 Bonn Tel +49-228-535-3259 Fax +49-228-535-3799 [email protected] www.frient.de/en Walking the Line – Strategic Approaches to Peacebuilding in Lebanon Contents List of Acronyms ________________________________________ 2 Executive Summary ______________________________________ 4 1. Introduction ______________________________________ 14 1.1 Background and Purpose of the Study_______________________ 14 1.2 Concept and Methodology ________________________________ 14 2. A Country without a State?___________________________ 15 2.1 Structural Challenges and Conflicts in Lebanon________________ 15 2.2 Foreign Aid in Lebanon___________________________________ 24 2.3 Civil Society ___________________________________________ 26 3. Getting Engaged ___________________________________ 27 3.1 Education and Dialogue __________________________________ 27 3.2 Transitional Justice______________________________________ 29 3.3 Justice and Rule of Law __________________________________ 31 3.4 Violence Prevention and Security___________________________ 33 4. Recommendations _________________________________ 35 4.1 General Recommendations _______________________________ 36 4.2 Sectors -
The Role of the International Court of Justice in the Global Community Judge Christopher Greenwood
GREENWOOD - FINAL.DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 10/19/2011 7:07 PM THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY Judge Christopher Greenwood* INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 233 I. THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY ...................................................................... 235 II.THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE ................................................ 241 III.THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY .............................................................. 248 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................... 252 INTRODUCTION It is both an honour and a pleasure to be invited to give a lecture here at the California International Law Center. I would like to begin by thanking Professor Diane Amann, the Director of the Center, for her kindness in extending this invitation to me, Ms. Kate Doty, Fellow of the Center, for organizing the visit, and Baber Khan and his team at the Journal of International Law and Policy for editing and publishing the text.1 My theme today is the role of the International Court of Justice in the global community. For just over two years I have had the privilege of being one of the fifteen judges elected by the United Nations to serve on the Court.2 During that period, I have participated in four judgments in inter- * Sir Christopher Greenwood, CMG, QC, has been a Judge of the International Court of Justice since February 2009. Prior to his election to the Court, he was Professor of International Law at the London School of Economics and a Queen’s Counsel, who appeared in numerous cases before the English and international courts. This paper is the revised text of a lecture which he gave at the California International Law Center, University of California, Davis, on March 1, 2011. -
The Resilient City: How Modern Cities Recover from Disaster
The Resilient City: How Modern Cities Recover from Disaster LAWRENCE J. VALE THOMAS J. CAMPANELLA, Editors OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS THE RESILIENT CITY THE RESILIENT CITY HOW MODERN CITIES RECOVER FROM DISASTER LAWRENCE J. VALE AND THOMAS J. CAMPANELLA EDITORS 1 2005 1 Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sa˜o Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Copyright ᭧ 2005 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The resilient city : how modern cities recover from disaster / edited by Lawrence J. Vale and Thomas J. Campanella. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN-13 978-0-19-517584-4; 978-0-19-517583-7 (pbk.) ISBN 0-19-517584-0; 0-19-517583-2 (pbk.) 1. Urban renewal—History. 2. Disasters—History. I. Vale,Lawrence J., 1959– II. Campanella, Thomas J. HT170.R46 2005 307.3'416'09—dc22 2004049246 “Countin’ on a Miracle” by Bruce Springsteen. Copyright ᭧ 2002 Bruce Springsteen. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission. 987654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Preface ■ There has already been a surfeit of books about September 11, 2001; this is not another one. -
Confessionalism and Electoral Reform in Lebanon
BRIEFING PAPER CONFESSIONALISM AND ELECTORAL REFORM IN LEBANON Arda Arsenian Ekmekji, Ph.D. July 2012 CONFESSIONALISM AND ELECTORAL REFORM IN LEBANON About the author Dr. Arda Arsenian Ekmekji is currently the Dean of Arts and Sciences at Haigazian University in Beirut, Lebanon. She is professor of intercultural studies and a member of various non- governmental organization boards in Lebanon, such as World Vision and the Middle East Council of Churches. She was the only female member on the National Commission for a New Electoral Law (2006) and on the Supervisory Commission for the Electoral Campaign (2009). The views expressed here are exclusively those of the author. They do not represent the opinions of the Aspen Institute or the Lebanon Renaissance Foundation. CONFESSIONALISM AND ELECTORAL REFORM IN LEBANON Table of contents I. Executive summary 2 II. Introduction 4 III. Political players on the ground 5 IV. Suggested electoral scenarios for the legislative elections of June 2013 6 A. Option 1: Keep the Status Quo 7 B. Option 2: The National Commission on Electoral Law’s “Boutros Commission” Draft 9 C. Option 3: Interior Minister Marwan Charbel’s Proposed Proportionate Electoral Law (2011) 13 V. Recommendations and conclusions 15 VI. Endnotes 17 VII. Annexes 18 Table I: Electoral Districts 18 Table II: Comparative Chart 19 Electoral Map 20 1 CONFESSIONALISM AND ELECTORAL REFORM IN LEBANON I. Executive summary Lebanon, a small Mediterranean state neighboring Syria and Israel, celebrated its 68th anniversary of independence in November 2011. A democratic republic, with a multi-confessional and pluralistic society, Lebanon has often been a fertile arena for internal strife and external interventions; it has paid a high price to maintain this colorful mosaic amidst extremely fundamentalist and totalitarian regimes. -
ST25 Vloeberghs AFSP Paris 2013
Congrès AFSP Paris 2013 ST 25 : Hérédité et compétition politique : le paradoxe de la transmission familiale du pouvoir politique dans les systèmes politiques concurrentiels Ward VLOEBERGHS Ecole de Gouvernance et d’Economie de Rabat [email protected] Dynamiques dynastiques : transmettre le pouvoir familial au Liban contemporain Même s’il devait ne pas aboutir à former un nouveau gouvernement, la nomination de Tammam Salam, fils d’un sextuple premier ministre, comme candidat premier ministre après la démission de Najib Miqati fin mars 2013, illustre la vivacité et l’influence persistante des dynasties politiques au Liban. C’est en effet à un moment critique où les répercussions de la crise syrienne pèsent de tout leur poids sur la vie politique libanaise que l’une des familles politiques beyrouthines les plus éminentes est appelé à l’aide afin de permettre aux politiciens libanais de trouver un consensus sous forme d’une équipe de transition devant préparer les élections législatives. Tammam Salam deviendrait ainsi premier ministre du Liban quarante ans après la fin du dernier mandat de son père. A l’évidence, la société libanaise offre un cadre exceptionnellement riche à l’analyse du phénomène dynastique. Non seulement trouve-t-on au Liban, depuis son indépendance en 1943, plusieurs lignées politiques de deux générations au moins, le pays connait aussi un nombre remarquable de dynasties politiques aux successions multiséculaires dont certaines dominent la scène depuis le 18 ème siècle au moins. Puisqu’il est impossible dans les confins de cet exercice d’analyser en détail toutes les dynasties politiques libanaises, je voudrais ici prendre appuis sur le cas de la famille Salam et le contraster à un de ses principaux rivaux côté sunnite, à savoir la famille Hariri dont le pouvoir est nettement plus récent.