Annual Report 2013 NARODOWE CENTRUM BADAŃ JĄDROWYCH NATIONAL CENTRE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
ANNUAL REPORT 2013
PL-05-400 Otwock-Świerk, POLAND tel.: 048 22 718 00 01 fax: 048 22 779 34 81 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.ncbj.gov.pl
Editors: N. Keeley K. Kurek
Cover design: S. Mirski
Secretarial work and layout: G. Swiboda
ISSN 2299-2960
Annual Report 2013 3
CONTENTS
FOREWORD ...... 5 I. GENERAL INFORMATION ...... 7 1. LOCATIONS ...... 7 2. MANAGEMENT OF THE INSTITUTE ...... 7 3. SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL ...... 8 4. MAIN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES ...... 11 5. SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE INSTITUTE ...... 13 6. VISITING SCIENTISTS ...... 15 7. PARTICIPATION IN NATIONAL CONSORTIA AND SCIENTIFIC NETWORKS .. 23 8. DEGREES ...... 24 9. ACCELERATORS AND DETECTORS PROJECT IN NCBJ ...... 25 10. COMPUTING CENTRE AT NCBJ IN ŚWIERK ...... 26 11 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARK...... 27 12. STRENGHTENING OF THE INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF THE INSTITUTE IN ŚWIERK FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON IONISING RADIATION 4LABS ...... 28
II. DEPARTMENTS AND DIVISIONS OF THE INSTITUTE ...... 29 1. DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY ...... 29 DIVISION OF NUCLEAR ENERGY ...... 31 DIVISION OF MARIA REACTOR OPERATIONS ...... 45 DIVISION OF RESEARCH REACTOR TECHNOLOGY ...... 49 RADIATION PROTECTION MEASUREMENTS LABORATORY ...... 53 2. DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS PHYSICS ...... 61 MATERIALS RESEARCH LABORATORY ...... 63 DIVISION OF NUCLEAR METHODS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS ...... 67 DIVISION OF PLASMA/ION BEAM TECHNOLOGY ...... 73 3. DEPARTMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH...... 79 DIVISION OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS ...... 81 DIVISION OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS ...... 87 DIVISION OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS ...... 95 DIVISION OF COSMIC RAY PHYSICS ...... 107
4 Annual Report 2012
4. DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES & EQUIPMENT ...... 115 DIVISION OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY ...... 117 DIVISION OF INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS OF PHYSICS ...... 123 DIVISION OF RADIATION DETECTORS ...... 129 DIVISION OF ELECTRONICS AND DETECTION SYSTEMS ...... 135 DIVISION OF PLASMA STUDIES ...... 143 5. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAININGS ...... 149 6. RADIOISOTOPE CENTRE POLATOM ...... 153 7. DIVISION OF NUCLEAR EQUIPMENT - HITECH III. REPORTS ON RESEARCH ...... 163 ASTROPHYSICS, COSMIC RAYS & ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS ...... 165 NUCLEAR PHYSICS ...... 177 PLASMA PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY ...... 181 DETECTORS, ACCELERATORS, PHYSICS OF MATERIALS & APPLICATIONS .... 191 SOLID STATE PHYSICS ...... 207 NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY IN ENERGY GENERATION ...... 215 NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES IN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDS ...... 241
IV. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ...... 264
V. AUTHOR INDEX...... 317
Annual Report 2013 5
FOREWORD
For NCBJ the year 2013 was a time of intensive capacity building and important scientific achievements. Being the largest research institute in Poland is a challenge, becoming the best is our goal. According to the SCImago1 rankings we have achieved this goal in the category of “normalized impact” accounting for reviewed publications and their citations. We are proud to be number one in Poland and we are not ashamed to be number 156 in the world. This was achieved thanks to 600 papers and more than 9800 citations giving us a Hirsch index equal to 115. Some of these papers are related to our activities in experiments with the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, notably those rewarded with the Nobel prize for the discovery of the Higgs boson. We have also participated in the discovery of neutrino oscillations by the T2K experiment and the discovery of extragalactic cosmic rays by the Kascade-Grande collaboration. The last two successes reflect the expansion of NCBJ's research into astroparticle physics, cosmology and space research. Recently, prof. Leszek Roszkowski, supported by a “Welcome” grant from the Polish Science Foundation, established a group of researchers exploiting the impact of LHC results on our knowledge of the Universe. Several papers published by this group received important attention in the scientific world, so we have chosen it together with a new result on CP violation obtained by prof. Marek Szczekowski and dr Artur Ukleja from the LHCb experiment as the “NCBJ achievement of the year”. Two prominent recognitions were awarded to prof. Adam Sobiczewski. He became an Ordinary Member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and a Full Member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences. Prof. Ryszard Sosnowski celebrated the Renewal of his PhD by the University of Warsaw, the equivalent of Doctor of Science Honoris Causa given by his Alma Mater. The successes of our senior professors have encouraged the younger generation to put themselves forward. Kajetan Różycki was chosen as chair of the Nuclear Cogeneration Working Group of the European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform. Dr Michał Heller, already with 500 citations of his papers on the quark-gluon plasma, obtained second place in the top-list “Poles with verve”. Dr Jakub Mielczarek with 400 citations in quantum cosmology reached the final of the “Polityka” journal scientific awards. Piotr Laskowski and dr Karol Wawrzyniak have been raised by the Ministry of Science to the elite group of “Top 500 Innovators”. With all this activity, in NCBJ we do not need to be afraid about the generation gap any more! It is important to note that these ambitious youngsters are involved in both basic and applied research. They have contributed very significantly to the success of the “Accelerators and Detectors” project developing radiation based devices for medical and security applications. Among them are accelerators for radiotherapy: the highly specialized COLINE, INTRALINE intraoperative and InLine PN50 for brachytherapy, as well as security systems: CANIS for cargo screening and SWAN to check for malicious content in luggage. Other applications of radiation developed recently by NCBJ are an ionizing chamber for dosimetry in radiotherapy and devices to measure the composition of cement and the copper concentration in ore deposits. Commercial applications of technologies developed by NCBJ are becoming an increasingly important part of the institute's income, reaching 60% in 2013. Most of this comes from radioisotope production for medical, industrial and scientific applications. The Maria reactor supplied 18% of the global market for 99Mo, which is used in 80% of medical procedures with radioisotopes. Working for 20 weeks in 2013 Maria served 2 million patients in Poland and 6 Annual Report 2013 abroad. Our Radioisotope Centre POLATOM now exports a number of products to 78 countries worldwide. And there is more to come. New highlights are vanadium capsules with 75Se sources for industrial applications. IntraPol and LutaPol precursors based on 90Y and 177Lu isotopes, awarded prizes at the Brussels Innovation Trades Fair in 2012, have just been submitted for approval by the healthcare authorities. Looking to the future a laboratory for preclinical tests using small animals was commissioned in January, fully financed by POLATOM income. Both basic and applied research are often driven by projects awarded by various funding agencies. In 2013 NCBJ participated in 7 projects of the 7th European Framework Programme, 27 grants from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, 13 grants from the National Centre of Science and 12 grants from the National Centre for Research and Development. It is worth mentioning the coordinating role of NCBJ in the Euratom project NC2I-R (Nuclear Cogeneration Industrial Initiative – Research). We have just begun intensive work on proposals for the new EU financing period Horizon 2020 and structural fund programmes. Participation in international projects is crucial to the further development of our competences and it is an important investment in human resources. NCBJ now employs 1073 people, including 56 professors and 117 PhDs. We also have 22 PhD students. We have made efforts to improve the working environment at our centre in Świerk. A new canteen, “Bar-56” was opened, and the personnel of our health centre has been increased. We acquired two new buses, so our fleet now consists of 28 buses and 5 vans. The “Multisport” programme became available to our employees. A football team representing NCBJ initiated its career in a charity tournament in Warsaw. An important part of NCBJ's mission is education and public communication in nuclear science and technology. We organized the VI edition of the International School of Nuclear Power, which attracts about 200 participants each year. Our Training and Education Division took part in the Science Festival and the Scientific Picnic in Warsaw. About 8000 high school students visited our centre in 2013. The competition “The paths of physics” attracted 134 students from 47 schools. We continued the “School with a future” programme working with technical schools to prepare and introduce curricula for nuclear technicians. A lot of information was provided to the media, resulting in about 3500 news items and articles, 10% of them in the press, on radio and TV. We launched the NCBJ internal bulletin “Nuclear Re(d)actor”, having in mind that the thousand or so NCBJ employees are a thousand ambassadors for nuclear technologies in society. Renovation and construction work continued for the Technology Park, Computing Centre, new laboratories and new administration building. The year 2014 should see the end of these investments changing the overall picture of NCBJ Świerk from a relic of the fifties of the last century to a modern research centre, one of the best in this region of Europe.
Professor Grzegorz Wrochna Director National Centre for Nuclear Research
______1SCImago Institutions Rankings – http://www.scimagoir.com/index.php
Annual Report 2013 7
GENERAL INFORMATION
1. LOCATIONS
Main site: Warsaw site: Łódź site: 30 km SE from Warsaw (divisions BP1, BP2, BP3) (division BP4) Świerk, 69 Hoża street 5 Uniwersytecka street 05-400 Otwock 00-681 Warsaw 90-950 Łódź
2. MANAGEMENT OF THE INSTITUTE
Director Professor Grzegorz WROCHNA phone: +48 22 2731001, +48 22 2731583 +48 22 5532254 e-mail: [email protected]
Deputy Director, Science Professor Ewa RONDIO phone: +48 22 2731585, +48 22 5532375 e-mail: [email protected]
Deputy Director, Research Infrastructure Professor Krzysztof WIETESKA phone: +48 22 2731474 e-mail: [email protected]
Deputy Director, Zbigniew GOŁĘBIEWSKI, M.Eng. Technology Development and Implementation phone: +48 22 2731582 e-mail: [email protected]
Deputy Director, Administration and Technology Marek JUSZCZYK, M.Sc. phone: +48 22 2731614 e-mail: [email protected]
Deputy Director, Jerzy KOZIEŁ, M.Eng. Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection phone: +48 22 2731333, +48 22 2731045 e-mail: [email protected]
Scientific Secretary Assoc. Prof. Krzysztof KUREK phone: +48 22 5532239, +48 22 2731607 e-mail: [email protected]
Spokesman Marek SIECZKOWSKI, M.Eng. phone: 512 583 695 e-mail: [email protected] 8 Annual Report 2013
3. SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL
The Scientific Council was elected on 1 July 2011 by the scientific, technical and administrative staff of the Institute. As a result of merging The Andrzej Sołtan Institute for Nuclear Studies and The Institute of Atomic Energy a supplementary election was conducted on 23 September 2011. The Council has the right to confer PhD and habilitation degrees in physics (DSc).
Representatives of scientific staff:
Helena Białkowska, Professor, Deputy Chairperson Krzysztof Rusek, Professor Ludwik Dobrzyński, Professor Marek Sadowski, Professor Zbigniew Guzik, Assoc. Prof. Janusz Skalski, Assoc. Prof. Edward Iller, Assoc. Prof. Adam Sobiczewski, Professor Anna Wysocka-Rabin, Dr. Dariusz Socha, Dr. Agnieszka Syntfeld-Każuch, Dr. Ryszard Sosnowski, Professor, Chairman Bogumiła Mysłek-Laurikainen, Dr. Andrzej Strupczewski, Dr. Mieczysław Mielcarski, Assoc. Prof., Deputy Chairman Zbigniew Werner, Assoc. Prof. Janusz Mika, Professor, Deputy Chairman Grzegorz Wilk, Professor Marek Moszyński, Professor Wojciech Wiślicki, Professor Marek Rabiński, Dr. Sławomir Wronka, Dr. Deputy Chairman Stanisław Rohoziński, Professor
Representatives of Management:
Ewa Rondio, Professor Krzysztof Wieteska, Professor Grzegorz Wrochna, Professor
Representatives of technical personnel:
Alina Markiewicz, M.Sc. Jacek Pracz, M.Sc. Jerzy Wysokiński, M.Eng.
External members:
Krystyna Jabłońska, Professor - Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw Danuta Kisielewska, Professor - AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow Paweł Kukołowicz, Professor - Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce Piotr Malecki, Professor - The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow Tomasz Matulewicz, Professor - Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw Marek Pajek, Professor - Institute of Physics, The Jan Kochanowski University, of Humanities and Sciences, Kielce Bogdan Pałosz, Professor - Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw Andrzej Patrycy, M.Eng. - Energoprojekt Warszawa S.A Michał Waligórski, Professor - The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow Andrzej Ziębik, Professor - Silesian University of Technology Janusz Ziółkowski, Professor - The N. Copernicus Astronomical Centre, Warsaw
Annual Report 2013 9
DEPARTMENTS AND DIVISIONS OF THE INSTITUTE
DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY Director of the Department – Grzegorz KRZYSZTOSZEK, M.Eng.
- DIVISION OF NUCLEAR POWER (EJ1) Head of Divison – Tomasz JACKOWSKI, M.Sc.
- DIVISION OF MARIA REACTOR OPERATION (EJ2) Head of Reactor – Andrzej GOŁĄB, M.Eng.
- DIVISION OF RESEARCH REACTOR TECHNOLOGY (EJ3) Head of Division – Janusz PIĄSTKA, M.Eng.
- RADIATION PROTECTION MEASUREMENT LABORATORY (ID) Head of Laboratory – Dr. Zbigniew HARATYM
DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS PHYSICS Director of the Department – Professor Jacek JAGIELSKI
- MATERIALS RESEARCH LABORATORY (LBM) Head of Laboratory – Dr. Ewa HAJEWSKA
- DIVISION OF NUCLEAR METHODS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS (FM1) Head of Divison – Dr. Jacek J. MILCZAREK
- DIVISION OF PLASMA/ION BEAM TECHNOLOGY (FM2) Head of Divison – Dr. Cezary POCHRYBNIAK
DEPARTMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH Director of the Department – Professor Grzegorz WILK
- DIVISION ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS (BP1) Head of Divison – Dr. Bohdan MARIAŃSKI
- DIVISION OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS (BP2) Head of Divison – Dr. Michał KOWAL
- DIVISION OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (BP3) Head of Divison - Professor Helena BIAŁKOWSKA
- DIVISION OF COSMIC RAY PHYSICS (BP4) Head of Divison – Dr. Jacek SZABELSKI
10 Annual Report 2013
DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES & EQUIPMENT Director of the Department – Dr. Agnieszka SYNTFELD-KAŻUCH
- DIVISION OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY (TJ1) Head of Division – Dr. Sławomir WRONKA
- DIVISION OF INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS OF PHYSICS (TJ2) Head of Division – Dr. Jan SERNICKI
- DIVISION OF DETECTORS (TJ3) Head of Division – Dr. Łukasz ŚWIDERSKI
- DIVISION OF ELECTRONICS AND DETECTION SYSTEMS (TJ4) Head of Division – Dr. Michał GIERLIK
- DIVISION OF PLASMA STUDIES (TJ5) Head of Divison – Dr. Jarosław ŻEBROWSKI
- DIVISION OF NUCLEAR EQUIPMENT - HITEC (ZdAJ) Director of Division - Dr. Paweł KRAWCZYK
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION AND EDUCATION Director of the Department – Professor Ludwik DOBRZYŃSKI
AND
RADIOISOTOPE CENTRE POLATOM (OR) Director of Centre – Dr. Eng. Dariusz SOCHA
TRANSPORT DIVISION (ZTS) Director, Bogdan GAS, Eng.
Annual Report 2013 11
4. MAIN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
I. Elementary particle physics, astro- & cosmic ray physics and cosmology 1. High-energy hadron-hadron interactions. 2. Elastic and inelastic and e interactions. Nucleon structure. 3. Rare decays. 4. Baryon resonances and near threshold meson production. 5. Neutrino physics. 6. Astrophysics: optical detection of short bursts, large-scale structure, dark matter. 7. Cosmic ray physics. 8. Cosmology. 9. Theory of lepton and hadron interactions. II. Nuclear physics 1. Relativistic ion collisions. 2. Nuclear reactions. 3. Nuclear structure. 4. Properties of heavy and superheavy nuclei (theory). 5. Theory of nuclear matter, hypernuclei & nuclear structure and dynamics. 6. High-energy atomic physics. 7. Exotic atoms. III. Plasma physics and technology 1. Development of methods and tools for plasma diagnostics. 2. Studies of light emitted from hot plasma jet and jets interaction with solid targets. 3. Thin Nb and Pb film coating by means of arc discharges under ultra-high vacuum conditions. 4. Nonlinear effects in extended media & Bose-Einstein condensates (theory). IV. Detectors, accelerators, physics of materials & applications 1. Modification of surface properties of solid materials by means of continuous or pulsed ion and plasma beams. 2. R&D of linear accelerators for high-energy electrons. 3. Accelerators for hadron therapy. 4. Small electron accelerators for X-ray therapy. 5. Optimization of TiN coating processes for accelerating structures. 6. New detection methods and their application in physics experiments, nuclear medicine and homeland security. 7. Electronics for large-scale experiments in high-energy physics. 8. Systems for nuclear radiation spectroscopy. 9. R&D of special silicon detectors for physics experiments and environmental protection. 12 Annual Report 2013
V. Solid state physics 1. Materials structure studies by nuclear methods. 2. Technology of modifying surfaces of industrially used materials. VI. Nuclear technology in energy generation 1. Physics and technology of nuclear reactors. 2. Nuclear power energy generation. 3. Management of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste. Nucelar transmutation. VII. Nuclear technology in health and enviromental protection, management of hazards 1. Monitoring, modelling and prediction of environmental pollution. 2. Dosimetry and nano-dosimetry. 3. Computer modelling of radiation sources, transport of radiation through matter and radiation dose calculations. 4. X-ray sources for medicine and industry. 5. New methods for obtaining radioactive isotopes. 6. Methods of assessment and forecasting of environmental threats from nuclear and industrial facilities.
Annual Report 2013 13
5. SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE INSTITUTE
PROFESSORS
1. BIAŁKOWSKA Helena 22. SADOWSKI Marek 2. BŁOCKI Jan 23. SANDACZ Andrzej 3. CHWASZCZEWSKI Stefan 24. SIEMIARCZUK Teodor 4. CZACHOR Andrzej 25. SŁOWIŃSKI Bronisław 5. DĄBROWSKI Janusz (**) 26. SOBICZEWSKI Adam 6. DĄBROWSKI Ludwik 27. SOSNOWSKI Ryszard 7. DOBRZYŃSKI Ludwik 28. STEPANIAK Joanna 8. INFELD Eryk 29. SUWALSKI Jan 9. JAGIELSKI Jacek (**) 30. SZEPTYCKA Maria (**) 10. JASKÓŁA Marian (**) 31. TUROS Andrzej (**) 11. KRÓLAK Andrzej (**) 32. TYMIENIECKA Teresa 12. MĄCZKA Dariusz 33. WIETESKA Krzysztof 13. MOSZYŃSKI Marek 34. WILCZYŃSKI Janusz 14. MRÓWCZYŃSKI Stanisław (**) 35. WILK Grzegorz 15. PARUS Józef 36. WIŚLICKI Wojciech 16. PIASECKI Ernest (**) 37. WIŚNIEWSKI Roland 17. PIECHOCKI Włodzimierz 38. WROCHNA Grzegorz 18. PRZYSTAWA Jerzy (ceased) 39. WYCECH Sławomir 19. RONDIO Ewa 40. ZABIEROWSKI Janusz 20. RUSEK Krzysztof (**) 41. ZIELCZYŃSKI Mieczysław 21. ROSZKOWSKI Leszek 42. ZDUNEK Krzysztof
ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS
1. DELOFF Andrzej (**) 10. SZUTA Marcin 2. GUZIK Zbigniew 11. SZYMANOWSKI Lech 3. KEELEY Nicholas 12. SZYMAŃSKI Piotr (*) 4. KUREK Krzysztof 13. WERNER Zbigniew 5. PATYK Zygmunt 14. WIBIG Tadeusz (**) 6. POLLO Agieszka 15. ZYCHOR Izabella 7. SKALSKI Janusz 16. ZWĘGLIŃSKI Bogusław 8. SPALIŃSKI Michał 17. ŻUPRAŃSKI Paweł (**) 9. SZCZEKOWSKI Marek
RESEARCH STAFF
1. ADAMUS Marek 20. DOROSH Orest 2. ADRICH Przemysław 21. DOROSZ Michał 3. ANDRZEJEWSKI Krzysztof 22. DZIEWIECKI Michał 4. AUGUSTYNIAK Witold 23. FIJAŁ-KIREJCZYK Izabela 5. BANTSAR Aliaksandr 24. FRUBOES Tomasz 6. BARLAK Marek 25. GIERLIK Michał 7. BATSCH Tadeusz 26. GOLDSTEIN Piotr 8. BIELEWICZ Marcin 27. GÓRSKI Ludwik 9. BIEŃKOWSKI Andrzej (**) 28. GÓRSKI Maciej 10. BLUJ Michał (*) 29. GÓJSKA Aneta 11. BOETTCHER Agnieszka 30. GRODZICKA-KOBYŁKA Martyna 12. BOIMSKA Bożena 31. GRYZIŃSKI Michał 13. BOMARK Nils Erik 32. HAJEWSKA Ewa 14. BOREK Elżbieta 33. HARATYM Zbigniew 15. BORYSIEWICZ Meczysław 34. HELLER Michał 16. CIEŚLIK Iwona 35. HOFFMAN Julia (*) 17. CHMIELOWSKI Władysław (*) 36. HRYCYNA Orest 18. CZARNACKI Wiesław 37. JAKUBOWSKI Lech (**) 19. CZUCHRY Ewa 38. JANKOWSKA-KISIELIŃSKA Joanna 14 Annual Report 2013
39. JAWORSKI Wojciech 92. PYTEL Krzysztof 40. JĘDRZEJCZAK Karol 93. RABIŃSKI Marek 41. JĘDRZEJEC Henryk 94. RATAJCZAK Renata 42. KAPUSTA Maciej (*) 95. ROŻYNEK Jacek 43. KAZANA Małgorzata 96. RUCHOWSKA Ewa 44. KEELEY Nicholas 97. RZADKIEWICZ Jacek (*) 45. KIREJCZYK Marek 98. SERNICKI Jan 46. KLIMASZEWSKI Konrad 99. SESSOLO Enrico Maria 47. KORMAN Andrzej 100. SKŁADNIK-SADOWSKA Elżbieta (**) 48. KOWAL Michał 101. SKORUPSKI Andrzej (**) 49. KOWALIK Katarzyna (*) 102. SMOLAŃCZUK Robert 50. KOWALSKA Kamila 103. SOBKOWICZ Paweł 51. KRAWCZYK Paweł 104. SOKOŁOWSKI Marcin 52. KULIKOWSKA Teresa 105. SOWIŃSKI Mieczysław (**) 53. KUPŚĆ Andrzej (*) 106. STONERT Anna 54. KURASHVILI Podist 107. STRUGALSKA-GOLA Elżbieta 55. KUPRASKA Łukasz 108. STRUPCZEWSKI Andrzej 56. LICKI Janusz 109. SULEJ Robert 57. LORKIEWICZ Jerzy 110. SYNTFELD-KAŻUCH Agnieszka 58. ŁAGODA Justyna 111. ŚWIDERSKA Karolina 59. ŁUSZCZ Mariusz 112. ŚWIDERSKI Łukasz 60. MAJCZYNA Agnieszka 113. SZABELSKA Barbara 61. MALINOWSKA Aneta 114. SZABELSKI Jacek 62. MALINOWSKI Karol 115. SZCZĘŚNIAK Tomasz 63. MAŁKIEWICZ Przemysław 116. SZLEPER Michał 64. MARCINKOWSKA Zuzanna 117. SZYDŁOWSKI Adam 65. MARIAŃSKI Bohdan 118. SZYMCZYK Władysław 66. MAURIN Jan 119. TARCHALSKI Mikołaj 67. MELNYCHUK Dmytro 120. TRACZYK Piotr (*) 68. MIJAKOWSKI Piotr 121. TRZCIŃSKI Andrzej 69. MILCZAREK Jacek 122. TSAI Yue-Lin 70. MIELCZAREK Jakub 123. TULIK Piotr 71. MYSŁEK-LAURIKAINEN Bogumiła 124. TYMIŃSKA Katarzyna 72. NAWROCKI Krzysztof 125. UKLEJA Artur 73. NAWROT Adam (**) 126. WAGNER Jakub 74. NIETUBYĆ Robert 127. WASILEWSKI Adam 75. NOWAKOWSKA-LANGIER Katarzyna 128. WASIAK Jan 76. NOWICKI Lech (**) 129. WAWRZYŃCZAK-SZABAN Anna 77. NOWOSAD Jagoda 130. WILCZYŃSKA-KITOWSKA Teresa 78. OLSZACKI Michał 131. WILLIAMS Andrew 79. OŚKO Jakub 132. WINCEL Krzysztof 80. PAWŁOWSKI Marek 133. WOJCIECHOWSKI Andrzej 81. PADEE Adam 134. WOJTKOWSKA Jolanta (**) 82. PLUCIŃSKI Paweł (*) 135. WOLSKI Dariusz 83. PŁAWSKI Eugeniusz 136. WRONKA Sławomir 84. POCHRYBNIAK Cezary 137. WYSOCKA-RABIN Anna 85. POLAŃSKI Aleksander (*) 138. ZALEWSKI Piotr 86. POLLO Agnieszka 139. ZALIPSKA Joanna 87. POTEMPSKI Sławomir 140. ZARĘBA Barbara 88. PROKOPOWICZ Rafał(**) 141. ZIŃ Paweł 89. PRZEWŁOCKI Paweł 142. ŻEBROWSKI Jarosław 90. PSZONA Stanisław 143. ŻOŁĄDEK-NOWAK Joanna 91. PYTEL Beatrycze
(*) on leave of absence (**) part-time employee
Annual Report 2013 15
6. VISITING SCIENTISTS
1. Gauvin N. University of Geneva, Switzerland Jan. 15-18 TJ4 2. Grabovsky A. University of Novosibirsk, Russia Jan. 20-27 BP2 3. Gottardo A. Instituto Nazionle di Fisica Nucleare, Feb. 06-08 TJ3 Legnaro, Italy 4. Plyusinin V. Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear Feb.26-March 15- TJ5 Lisbon, Portugal 5. Rudchik A. Institute for Nuclear Researche, Kiev, March 13-30 BP1 Ukraine 6. Rudchik A.A. Institute for Nuclerar Researche, Kiev March 13-30 BP1 Ukraine 7. Gorastchenko O. Institute for Nuclear Researche, Kiev March 14-30 BP1 Ukraine 8. Capdevielle N.P. University of Paris, France March 22-30 BP4 9. Davatz G. ARKTIS, Zurich, Switzerland March 25-27 TJ3 10. Gondotti U. ARKTIS, Zurich, Switzerland March 25-27 TJ3 11. Klamra W. Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Stockholm April 08-18 TJ3 12. Ferri A. FBK-FONDAZIONE BRUNO KLESSLER April 08-19 TJ3 Trento, Italy 13. Poerschmann A. DESY, Hamburg, Germany April 09-11 TJ1 14. Buettner T. DESY, Hamburg, Germany April 09-11 TJ1 15. Magner A. Institute for Nuclear Researche, Kiev May 06-19 BP1 Ukraine 16. Mach B. VF, Cerna Hora, Czech Republic June 16 TJ4 17. Leroy Y. Saint-Gobain Crystals, Nemours, France June 18 TJ3 18. Kniest F. Saint-Gobain Crystals, Nemours, France June18 TJ3 19. Mutter M. GSI, Darmstadt, Germany June 24-July 05 BP1 20. Tyurin G. Yyvaskyla University, Finland June 29-July 05 BP1 21. Magner A. Institute for Nucleare Researce, Kiev June 25-July 21 BP1 Ukraine 22. Jablonsky E. Institute of Chemical Technology July 01-Aug. 08 POLATOM Prague, Czech Republic, 23. Korcak P. VF, Cerna Hora, Czech Republic July 11 TJ4 24. Mach B. VF, Cerna Hora, Czech Republic July11 TJ4 25. Tomson H.D ISA Aarhus University, Denmark July 12 TJ1 26. Moller S.P. ISA, Aarhus University, Denmark July 12 TJ1 27. Ladd P. ISA, Aarhus University, Denmark July 12 TJ1 28. Rahman M.M. Radioisotope Production Division, Dhaka July 29-Sept.28 POLATOM Bangladesh 29. Cudel J.R. University of Liege, Belgium Aug. 01-07 BP2 30. Grosswendt B. Die Physikalich-Technische Bundesanstalt Aug. 18-23 TJ2 Brunsweig, Germany 31. Garsevanishvili V. University of Tbilisi, Georgia Aug. 21-28 BP3 32. Lansberg J.P. Insttutte of Nucleare Physics, Orsay, Francel Aug. 24-31 BP2 33. Geissel H. GSI, Darmstadt, Germany Sept. 04-07 BP2 34. Klamra W. Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm Sept. 09-19 TJ34 Sweden 35. Sari A. CEA, Saclay, France Sept. 16-20 TJ3 36. Blanc P. CEA, Saclay, France Sept. 16-20 TJ3 16 Annual Report 2013
37. Piemonte C. FBK-FONDAZIONE BRUNO KLESSLER Sept. 18 TJ3 Trento, Italy 38. Edholm S. ESS, Lund, Sweden Sept. 18 TJ1 39. Lindholm R. ESS, Lund, Sweden Sepr.1 8 TJ1 40. Magner A. Inst.for Nuclear Researche, Kiev, Ukraine Sept. 25-27 BP2 41. Arenciba J. Centro de Isotopos (CENTIS) Havana, Cuba Sept.2 9-Oct. 05 POLATOM 42. Morales A.C. Centro de Isotopos (CENTIS) Havana, Cuba Sept. 29-Oct. 05 POLATOM 43. Tien-Shanski K. University of Liege, Belgium Oct. 02-09. BP2 44. Nishada Q. University of Uppsala, Sweden Oct. 08-22 TJ3 45. Nyberg J. University of Uppsala, Sweden Oct. 08-22 TJ3 44. Kalda L. VF, Cerna Hora, Czech Republic Oct. 10 TJ4 45. Ducloue B. IPN, Orsay, France Oct. 11-18 BP2 46. Vasyukov S. Institute for Scintilation Materials Oct. 16-25 TJ3 Kharkov, Ukraine 47. Dobon J.J Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Oct. 17-18 TJ3 Legnaro, Italy 48. Modamio V. InstitutoNazionale di Fisica Nucleare Oct. 17-18 TJ3 Legnaro, Italy 49. Capdevielle University of Paris, France Oct. 22-31 BP4 50. Gazeau J.P. University of Paris, France Nov. 06 BP2. 51. Boussarie R. IPN, Orsay, France Nov. 03-13 BP2 52. Gazeau J.P. University of Paris, France Nov. 12 BP2 53. Viklund P. SCANDINOVA, Sweden Nov. 13 TJ1 54. Holcner M. VF, Cerna Hora, Czech Republic Nov. 14 TJ4 55. Meznik B. VF, Cerna Hora, Czech Republic Nov. 14 TJ4 56. Ducloe IPN, Orsay, France Nov. 18-21 BP2 57. Cester D. Universita di Padova, Padva, Italy Dec. 10-13 TJ3 58. Santoro R. Universita d’Insubria,Como, Italy Dec. 10-13 TJ3 59. Ionvene A. CAEA, Viareggio, Italy Dec. 10-13 TJ3 60. Christodoulou G. University of Liverpool, UK Dec. 10-13 TJ3 61. Stainer T. University of Liverpool, UK Dec. 10-13 TJ3 62. Benacek M. ENVINET, Czech Republic Dec. 12 TJ3 63. Pazur M. ENVINET, Czech Republic Dec. 12 TJ3
Annual Report 2013 17
PROJECTS
RESEARCH PROJECTS CLASSIFIED BY FUNDING BODY
National Science Centre 1. Microdosimetric recombination detector for dosimetric analysis of reactor radiation Principal Investigator: Dr. P. Tulik No. N N518 4261 36 2. Investigation on decoherence and CPT symmetry in systems of K mesons at the KLOE-2 experiment Principal Investigator: Prof. W. Wiślicki No. N N202 0469 37 3. Influence of the nanostructure on the magnetic properties of metallic layers produced by the plasma surface engineering methods Principal Investigator: Dr. K. Nowakowska-Langier No. N N507 4743 37 4. Studies on the evolution of galaxies and the large scale structure of the Universe Principal Investigator: Dr. A. Pollo No. N N203 5129 38 5. Properties of heavy and superheavy atomic nuclei Principal Investigator: Prof. A. Sobiczewski No. N N202 2049 38 6. Recombination dose meter of new generation for exposure assessment on workplaces in radiation fields of reactors and accelerators Principal Investigator: Dr. M. Gryziński No. N N404 1350 39 7. Experimental study of leptonic decays of eta meson with WASA detector Principal Investigator: Prof. J. Stepaniak No. N N202 4843 39 8. Structure of 20Ne and the Coulomb barrier distribution for 20Ne+208Pb Principal Investigation: Prof. K. Rusek No. N N202 0520 40 9. A search for supersymmetry using the CMS detector ate the LHC with an emphasis on heavy semi-stable charged particle signature Principal Investigator: Dr. P. Zalewski No. N N202 1674 40 10. Analytic structure of the scattering amplitudes of hard exclusive processes in QCD Principal Investigator: Dr J. Wagner No. 2011/01/D/ST2/02069 11. Exotic nuclear states - predictions for experiments and tests for nuclear models Principal Investigator: Assoc. Prof. J. Skalski No. 2011/01/B/ST2/05131 12. Nuclear states of antiprotons and strange mesons Principal Investigator: Prof. S. Wycech No. 2011/03/B/ST2/00270 13. Non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma Principal Investigator: Prof. St. Mrówczyński No. 2011/03/B/ST2/00110 14. In vitro and in vivo inestigations of the radiometals influence on the ability of CCK2R receptors imaging by the radiolabelled gastrin analogs Principal Investigator: Assoc. Prof. R. Mikołajczak No. 2011/03/B/ST5/02734 18 Annual Report 2013
15. Isotropization of cosmological models Principal Investigator: Dr. O. Hrycyna No. 2012/04/S/ST9/00020 16. Cosmological models testing with deep galaxy surveys Principal Investigator: Assoc Prof. Agnieszka Pollo No. 2012/07/B/ST9/04425 17. Application of holographic metheods to the study of stronly coupled Yang-Mills plasma Principal Investigator: Assoc Prof. M. Spaliński No. 2012/07/B/ST2/03794 18. Investigation of the CP and CPT symmetries and the structure and decays of mesons at low energies in experiments KLOE/KLOE-2 Principal Investigator: Prof. W. Wiślicki No. 2013/08/M/ST2/00323 19. Critical phenomena in the nuclear nonextensive systems Principal Investigator: Dr J. Rożynek No. 2013/09/B/ST2/029897 20. Participation of the POLGRAW group in VIRGO gravitational wave observatory Principal Investigator: Prof. A. Królak No. DPN/N176.VIRGO/2009 21. Study of elementary and nuclear collisions in the LHC ALICE experiment at CERN Principal Investigator: Prof. T. Siemiarczuk No. DPN/N97/CERN/2009 22. Hadron production in nuclear interactions at CERN SPS Principal Investigator: Prof. J. Stepaniak No. DWM/N102/CERN/2009 23. Study of nucleon spin structure and production of vector mesons in deep inelastic scattering of polarized leptons of 27.5 GeV energy Principal Investigator: Dr. B. Mariański No. DPN/N60/DESY/2010 24. Construction of elements of Neutral Beam Injectors to be used in W7-X stellarator Principal Investigator: Prof. J. Jagielski No. DPN/N129/W7X/2010 25. LHCb experiment - Detector maintenance and participation in physics research program Principal Investigator: Assoc. Prof. M. Szczekowski No. DPN/N201/CERN/2009 26. COMPASS experiment- study of the structure of the nucleon Principal Investigator: Assoc. Prof. A. Sandacz No. 2011/01/M/ST2/02350 27. T2K – the second generation neutrino experiment Principal Investigator: Prof. E. Rondio No. 2011/01/M/ST/02578 28. Studies on neutrino properties and proton decay with a large liquid argon detector ICARUS T600 Principal Investigator: Dr J. Łagoda No. 2012/04/M/ST2/00775 29. Studies of proton-proton, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collision at relativistic energies in NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN SPS Principal Investigator: Prof. J. Stepaniak No. 2012/04/M/ST2/00816 30. The study of fundamental properties of nuclear matter in the ALICE experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider Principal Investigator: Prof. T. Siemiarczuk No. 2013/08/M/ST2/00598 Annual Report 2013 19
Ministry of Science and Higher Education 1. Higher order correlation functions in ultracold atom systems Principal Investigator: Dr. P. Ziń No. DPN/MOB259/1/2011 2. Observation of astrophysical processes in strong gravitional fields wiith high time resolution in different ranges of spectrum and polarization Principal Investigator: Assoc. Prof. L. Mankiewicz No. ID2010000160 3. Experimental research on the behavior of gas an highly condensed matter (10-30 kbar) in low temperature anf high magnetic field enviroment Principal Investigator: Prof. R. Wiśniewski No. W88/ZIBJ Dubna/2011 4. Participation in calculations and design of the proton linac in ESS project Principal Investigator: Dr S. Wronka No. W221/ESS/2012 5. Participation in calculations and design of the positron source for GBAR experiment Principal Investigator: Dr S. Wronka No. W72/GBAR/2012 6. Development and qualification of a deterministic scheme for the evaluation of gamma heating in experimental reactors with expoitation as example MARIA reactor and Jules Horowitz Reactor Principal Investigator: M. Tarchalski No. W226/JHR CEA/2012 7. Investigation of public and industrial research using ion beam technology Principal Investigator: Dr A. Stonert No. W127/SPIRIT/2013 8. cPIXE and cRBS study of Transition Metals location in implanted and Plasma Pulse Annealed Compound Semiconductors Principal Investigator: Dr R. Ratajczak No. W55/SPIRIT/2013 9. Low Level RF development for X-ray Free Electron Laser - implementation of the MTCA electronics Principal Investigator: J. Szewiński No. W/158/DESY/2013
National Centre for Research and Development 1. Device for fast localization of the radioactive isotopes, dedicated for border guard Principal Investigator: Dr S. Wronka No. PMPP/W/01-09.11 2. Research and development of technology for controlled thermonuclear fusion (consortium leader – Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physis, Polish Academy of Sciences) Strategic Program “Technologies Supporting Development of Safe Nuclear Power Engineering” No: SP/J/2/143234/11 3. Study of possibilities and criteria for participation of the Polish industry in the worldwide expansion of nuclear power engineering (research network leader – Warsaw University of Technology) Strategic Program “Technologies Supporting Development of Safe Nuclear Power Engineering” No: SP/J/5/143682/11 4. Development of nuclear safety and radiological protection methods for the nuclear power engineering's current and future needs (research network leader – Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection) Strategic Program “Technologies Supporting Development of Safe Nuclear Power Engineering” No. SP/J/6/143339/11 20 Annual Report 2013
5. The development of high- temperature reactors for industrial applications (research network leader – AGH Univeristy of Science and Technology Cracow) Strategic Program “Technologies Supporting Development of Safe Nuclear Power Engineering” No. SP/J/1/166183/12 6. Alternative methods of technetium-99m production Applied Research Programme – programme path A No PBS1/A9/2/2012 7. Passive, wireless MEMS dosimeter for the high radiation dose monitoring MNT ERA-NET No MNT/DOSIMEMS/2012 8. ISOTope Trace Analysis (network leader - University of Silesia in Katowice) ERA-NET ASPERA-2 No ERA-NET-ASPERA/03/11 9. Light emitting photonic structures based on ZnO implanted with rare earth elements (research network leader – Institute of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences) Applied Research Programme – programme path A No PBS2/A5/34/2013 10. Phase I clinical trial using a novel CCK-2/gastrin receptor-localizing radiolabelled peptide probe for personalized diagnosis and therapy of patiens with prograssive or metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma ERA NET TRANSCAN No ERA-NET-TRANSCAN/01/2013
RESEARCH PROJECTS GRANTED BY FOREIGN INSTITUTIONS
1. DESY - Low level RF development for X-ray Free Electron Laser Cooperation Agreement 2. ESS - The European Spallation Source and the Superconducting Proton Linac Agreement No. 01/IPJ/2009 3. CERN – Design and construction of the Linac4 accelerator No. K1562/LINAC4 4. IAEA - Development of 68Ga based PET-Radiopharmaceuticals for Management of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases Principal Investigator: D. Pawlak, MSc. No. 16476 5. IAEA - Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals based on 177Lu- and 90Y- labelled monoclonal antibodies and peptides: development and preclinical evaluations Principal Investigator: Dr W. Wojdowska No. 16639 6. IAEA - Accelerator-based alternatives to non-HEU production of Mo-99/Tc-99m No. 17419 7. COST TD1004 – Theragnostics Imaging and Therapy: An Action to Develop Novel Nanosized Systems for Imaging-Guided Drug Delivery Principal Investigator: Assoc. Prof. R. Mikołajczak 8. COST TD1007 – Bimodal PET-MRI molecular imaging technologies and applications for in vivo monitoring of disease and biological processes Principial investigator: Prof. M. Moszyński 9. COST CM1105 - Functional metal complexes that bindto biomolecules 10. EURAMET - Ionizing radiation metrology for the metallurgical industry Principal Investigator : Z. Tymiński, MSc. MetroMetal JRP IND04 Annual Report 2013 21
11. EURAMET - Metrology for radioactive waste management Principal Investigator: Z. Tymiński, MSc. MetroRWM JRP ENV09 12. CEA – Development and qualification of a deterministic scheme for the evaluation of gamma heating in experimental reactors with exploitation as example MARIA reactor and Jules Horowitz Reactor Principal Investigator : M. Tarchalski, MSc Commisariat a l’energie Atomique et aux Energie Alternatives No 13PPLA000012 13. EURAMET – Biologically Weighted Quantities in Radiotherapy Principal Investigator: Dr S. Pszona BioQuaRT JRP No SIB06
RESEARCH PROJECTS CO-FINANCED BY THE 7TH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME
1. EuCARD - European Coordination for Accelerator Research and Development Contract No. 227579 (2009-2013) 2. HadronPhysics3 - Study of strongly interacting matter Contract No. 283286 (2012-2014 ) 3. EURATOM - Development of the selected diagnostic techniques (Cherenkov detectors, SSNTD, and fusion neutron detectors) within a frame of EURATOM nuclear fusion programme Contract No. FU07-CT-2007-00061 (2008-2013) Project to which IPJ contributes, but is not a signatory to the contract - Association between the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) and the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM) 4. IPPA - Implementig Public Participation Approaches in Radioactive Waste Disposal Contract No. 269849 (2011-2013) 5. LAGUNA-LBNO - Design of a pan-European Infrastructure for Large Apparatus Studying Grand Unifictaion, Neutrino Astrophysics and Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Contract No. 284518 (2011 - 2014) 6. NURESAFE - Nuclear Reactor Safety Simulation Platform Contract No. 323263 (2013-2015) 7. ALLIANCE - Preparation of ALLegro – Implementing Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycle in Central Europe Contract No. 323295 (2013-2015) 8. MODES_SNM - Modular Detection System for Special Nuclear Materials Contract No. 284842 (2012-2014) 9. NC2I-R - Nuclear Cogeneration Industrial Initiative - Research and Development Coordination Contract No. 605167 (
10. ASAMPSA_E - Advanced Safety Assessment: Extended PSA Contract No. 605001 (2013-2016)
11. ARCADIA - Assessment of Regional CApabilities for new reactors Development through an Integrated Approach Contract No. 605116 (2013-2016)
12. EuCARD-2 - Enhanced European Coordination for Accelerator Research & Development Contract No. 312453 (2013-2017)
13. TAWARA_RTM TAP WATER RADIOACTIVITY REAL TIME MONITOR Contract No. 312713 (2013-2016)
14. ESNII plus - Preparing ESNII for HORIZON 2020 Contract No. 605172 (2013-2017) 22 Annual Report 2013
PROJECTS CO-FINANCED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION UNDER THE EUROPEAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT FUND (ERDF), SWISS CONTRIBUTION
1. Development of dedicated systems based on accelerators and detectors of ionizing radiation for medical therapy and in detection of hazardous materials and toxic wastes Implementation period: 01.01.2008–31.05.2014 Project value: 85 584 643,00 PLN ERDF: 67 507 000,00 PLN Agreement No.: POIG.01.01.02.-14-012/08-00
2. Computing Centre in Świerk: infrastructure and services for power industry Implementation period: 05.01.2009–31.10.2015 Project value: 97 708 010,00 PLN ERDF: 83 051 808,80 PLN Agreement No.: POIG.02.03.00-00-013/09
3. Strenghtening of the innovation potential of the institute in Świerk for development of technologies based on ionising radiation Implementation period: 01.01.2010-31.12.2014 Project value: 39 675 524,67 PLN ERDF: 33 675 466,00 PLN Agreement No.: RPMA.01.01.00-14-030/10-00
4. Construction of the Science and Technology Park along with the modernization of accompanying infrastructure of the Centre in Świerk Implementation period: 01.01.2010-31.12.2014 Project value: 50 0000 000,00 PLN ERDF: 42 499 337,00 PLN Agreement No.: RPMA.01.04.00-14-008/10-00
5. Bayesian approach to multi-parameter problems in physics and beyond involving parallel computing and large data-sets Implementation period: 01.01.2011-30.06.2015 Project value: 5 360 480,00 PLN ERDF: 4 556 408,00 PLN Agreement No.: WELCOME/2010-3/1
6. Launching of innovative production line for manufacture of kits for molecular imaging Implementation period: 30.03.2010–30.06.2012 Project value: 23 453 292,70 PLN ERDF: 7 657 014,00 PLN Agreement No.: UDA-POIG.04.04.00-14-024/09-00
7. Investigations and development of production technologies of isotopes for therapy of neuroendocrine tumors Implementation period: 04.08.2010–31.08.2012 Project value: 7 744 221,40 PLN ERDF: 2 615 333,01 PLN Agreement No.: UDA- POIG.01.04.00-14-190/09-00 UDA-POIG.04.01.00-14-190/09-00
8. Information Technologies for Astrophysical Observations in wide range of energy Implementation period: 01.10.2011–30.09.2014 Project values: 1 370 444.34 CHF/3 676 354,00 PLN SWISS Contribution: 85% Agreement No: 3/2011
9. Passive, telemetric microsystem for the radiation dose monitoring Implementation period: 01.05.2011—30.04.2013 Project values: 288 000,00 PLN ERDF: 244 800,00 PLN Agrement No.: HOMING PLUS/2010-2/9 Annual Report 2013 23
10. School of the future Implementation period: 16.04.2012-31.12.2014 Project value: 921 642,00 PLN ESF: 783 395,70 Agreement No.: UDA-POKL.09.02.00-14-058/11
7. PARTICIPATION IN NATIONAL CONSORTIA AND SCIENTIFIC NETWORKS
NATIONAL CONSORTIA: Institute representative:
1.* Nuclear Science Center G. Wrochna 2.* National Consortium ‘XFEL-POLAND’ G. Wrochna/Z. Gołębiewski for collaboration with the European X-ray Free Electron Laser - Project XFEL 3. National Consortium G. Wrochna/M. Pawłowski ‘High Temperature Nuclear Reactor in Poland’ 4. National Consortium ‘FEMTOFIZYKA’ B. Zwięgliński for collaboration with the FAIR project in GSI Darmstadt 5. National Consortium ‘COPIN’ K. Rusek for scientific collaboration with France (IN2P3 Institute) 6. National Consortium for Hadron Radiotherapy (NCRH) G. Wrochna/A. Wysocka-Rabin 7. National Consortium of scientific Network ‘Polish calculation system for experiments at LHC-POLTIER’ W. Wiślicki 8 Warsaw Science Consortium G. Wrochna/M. Juszczyk 9 ‘Polish Synchrotron Consortium R. Nietubyć 10. Consotrium EAGLE J. Skalski 11 National Consortium ‘PL-TIARA’ S. Wronka 12* National Consortium ‘COMPASS-PL’ A. Sandacz 13.* National Consortium ‘NEUTRINA-T2K’ E. Rondio 14. National Consortium ‘HADRONY-NA61/SHINE J. Stepaniak 15. Polis Consortium VIRGO A. Królak 16. Consortium “Polish Particle Physics” E. Rondio 17. Polish Consortium ALICE-PL T. Siemiarczuk 18. Consortium ISOTTA J. Szabelski 19. Consortium NEUTRINA – ICARUS T600 E. Rondio
SCIENTIFIC NETWORKS: Institute representative: 1.* Polish Astroparticle Physics Network G. Wrochna 2.* Polish Neutrino Physics Network E. Rondio 3. Polish Nuclear Physics Network G. Wrochna 24 Annual Report 2013
4. Polish Network of Physics of Relativistic Ion Collisions St. Mrówczyński 5. Polish Network of Neutrons-Emission-Detection J. Szydłowski 6. Polish Network of Neutron Scatterers (NeutroNET) L. Dobrzyński 7. Polish Network of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety L. Dobrzyński
* Coordinator: NCBJ
8. DEGREES
Professor title
1. ANDRZEJ SANDACZ (National Centre for Nuclear Research)
2. ANNA OKOPIŃSKA (The Jan Kochanowski University, of Humanities and Sciences, Kielce)
PhD theses
1. KAROLINA DANUTA PĄGOWSKA (National Centre for Nuclear Research) „Procesy defektowania i termicznie aktywowane transformacje defektowe w implantowanych warstwach epitaksjalnych AlxGa1-xN”
2. TOMASZ MACIEJ FRUBOES (National Centre for Nuclear Research)
„Search for neutral Higgs boson in → µ+ jet final state in the CMS experiment”
3. PODIST KURASHVILI (National Centre for Nuclear Research) „Direct photons in proton – proton and lead – lead collisions measured with PHOS spectrometer in the ALICE experiment at LHC”
4. KAROL MALINOWSKI (National Centre for Nuclear Research) „Badania eksperymentalne i komputerowe symulacje emisji jonów z akceleratora plazmowego RPI – IBIS”
5. IZABELA STROJEK (National Centre for Nuclear Research) „Wpływ struktury jądra 20Ne na reakcje z jego udziałem”
6. MARCIN BERŁOWSKI (National Centre for Nuclear Research) „Study of η meson leptonic decays with WASA detector”
Annual Report 2013 25
9. ACCELERATORS AND DETECTORS PROJECT IN NCBJ
In 2013, the project ‘Development of specialized The INLINE PN50 system for brachytherapy of systems based on accelerators and detectors of ionizing breast cancer was intensively developed in 2013. Works radiation in medical therapy and in detection of was focused on improving the radiation stability and hazardous materials and wastes’ (with the short name measurements of the dose distribution. The X-ray tube ‘Accelerators and Detectors’) carried out by the with spherical anode and two interior monitor detectors National Centre for Nuclear Studies and co-financed by has been assembled and tested. the European Regional Development Fund reached its final phase. Three medical demonstrators dedicated to Reasonable stability of the system has been oncology treatments have been assembled and prepared achieved. Verification of device parameters according for final tests: to applicable medical standards is in progress. • Multi-energy accelerator for advanced radiotherapy, COLINE; • Mobile Medical Electron Accelerator for IORT Applications, INTRALINE; • The INLINE PN50 system for brachytherapy of breast cancer. Similarlys two other devices: • Interlaced Energy Cargo Scanning System, CANIS; • Neutron Activation Analyser, SWAN, have been constructed and tested within the project for homeland security applications. In 2013, work on the accelerator for advanced radiotherapy, Coline, was focused on the final design and manufacture of an advanced model. In parallel, the Fig.2. InterlaCed Energy CArgo ScaNnIng System. implementation of highly specialized dynamic treatment The InterlaCed Energy CArgo ScaNnIng System techniques was continued on the first model of the (Fig. 2) for the inspection of cargo containers using the accelerator. All components of the accelerator were high energy X-ray radiography method has been manufactured and assembled. The accelerator is now constructed and tested. The system is based on an being prepared for the final functionality tests. interlaced energy (4MeV/6MeV) linear accelerator integrated with a detection system equipped with advanced software solutions. Preliminary radiographic pictures have been obtained of high quality. It was shown that the system is able to detect smuggled materials, like guns and cigarettes. The system is further optimized in order to obtain the highest quality of radiographic images. The neutron activation analysis demonstrator (SWAN) was assembled and passed a series of advanced tests aimed at revealing its performance parameters. Sensitivity and statistical distribution measurements were performed for various explosive Fig.1. Mobile Medical Electron Accelerator for IORT and toxic materials. The efficient identification Applications, INTRALINE. functionality of these materials has been confirmed. The construction of the Mobile Medical Electron The ‘Accelerators and Detectors’ project has been Accelerator for IORT Applications (Fig. 1) and its prolonged to May 2014 in order to perform advanced preparation for performance tests and commissioning functionality tests and prepare demonstrators for the was completed. The initial setup and preliminary commercialization process. calibration of the RF and dose distribution measurements have been performed for various beam This work was supported by EU Structural Funds, energies. Preliminary dose distribution measurements Project No. POIG.01.01-14-012/08-00. were compared to Monte Carlo simulations. Excellent agreement between measurements and simulations was found. The accelerator is currently being prepared for Agnieszka Syntfeld-Każuch the commercialization process. Jacek Rzadkiewicz
26 Annual Report 2013
10. COMPUTING CENTRE AT NCBJ IN ŚWIERK
The year 2013 was critical for the setting up and (TFLOPS) and disk space to 1.5 petabytes (PB). Target development of the Computing Centre at Świerk, when numbers, to be achieved during the next 18 months, are all the elements of this technical puzzle were gathered 500 TFLOPS and 3 PB. together and began to be assembled into their final shape. These already large resources are extensively used All the subsystems of the Centre: the redundant power by groups simulating thermo-hydraulic flows in nuclear supply, emergency power circuits and generators, fire power systems, for nuclear security analyses and monitoring and extinction, building monitoring and physicists and astrophysicists processing large data sets. control, computer cooling systems and, the core of the Part of the resources, consisting of 300 TB of disk space project, computing systems, disk servers and networking and hundreds of processors, is allocated to grid equipment, are in place. computing for the Large Hadron Collider experiments at The computing cluster of CIŚ, although logically the European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, homogenous, consists of two physical parts: the first is in Geneva. Other groups at CIŚ, concerned with subjects cooled traditionally, with chilled water cooling the air such as optimization of the distribution of electric power inside the server cupboards, whereas the second one in networks, medical imaging, environmental simulations makes use of a novel system with hot water flowing in of pollution propagation or flows in porous media, close vicinity to the electronic cards. The hot-water although they do not consume too many material cooling is more efficient, and thus environmental resources, do their intensive research using computer friendly, but the technology is new and no experience technologies and licensed software. with it over an extended period exists. At the first stage The photograph shows the front wall of the main of installation, the overall computing power amounts to building of CIŚ, covered by an original mural, designed 100 trillion floating-point operations per second and painted by a group artists led by Mr. Olaf Cirut. Wojciech Wiślicki
Annual Report 2013 27
11. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARK
The Science and Technology Park Świerk (PNT manufacturing infrastructure, allowing a complete Świerk), funded under the RPO programme contract product cycle from first breadboards to optimized RPMA.01.04.00-14-008/10/00 is a major investment prototypes. devoted to support of innovative industrial initiatives Industrial radiography at the microscale – devoted to and the development of commercial potential in the studies of various objects (such as electronics chips) Mazovia Voivodship. PNT will be an excellent vehicle from macro (0.5m) to micro (400nm) scales. In to access the R&D potential of NCBJ and to increase addition, the lab will be equipped with an industrial the competitiveness of the companies participating in it. X-ray lamp allowing radiography and quality control of large scale construction elements. PNT Świerk offers a broad range of consulting and legal services, aimed at facilitating commercialization Ferromagnetics laboratory – devoted to studies of of innovative technological solutions. Inventors coming the application of ferromagnetic materials to to PNT may count on effective help in creating screening of electromagnetic fields, especially in the companies, legal advice, strategic and technological GHz range. analyses and business plan creation. Help in protecting MEMS laboratory – devoted to the design and intellectual property (IP), for example in obtaining testing of micro electro-mechanical systems, which patents and in the planning of industrialization of IP is are growing in popularity in measurement systems, also offered. These services are offered to external telecommunications or wireless transmission. entities (especially companies from the SME sector) on Special attention will be paid to the use of MEMS the basis of de minimis public support. In 2013, PNT technologies in high radiation environments. helped in the creation of a spin-off company offering Nanomechanical tests laboratory – providing advanced electronic equipment as well as in licensing measurements of the surface properties of advanced advanced radiation imaging technologies to another materials (such as insulating coatings, thermal or spin-off company. mechanical barriers) over a wide range of temperatures (15 to 750 degrees Centigrade). These PNT Świerk is a founding member of the Otwock tests may be used in automotive, aviation, space, New Technologies Cluster, which aims at helping local medical and many other industries. industry to organize and take advantage of the research Radiation material modifications laboratory – and development potential of the region. devoted to the creation of new materials via ion 2013 was an active year in terms of progress of the implantation. The materials may be of very varied PNT project. The conversion of an old building into a types: from rubber to ceramics or metals modern dedicated laboratory, office and conference site Quality and destructive testing lab – equipped with a has entered its final phase, with construction work thermal chamber with regulated humidity and expected to be finished by mid-2014. The new building mechanical shock station, allowing the completion will host facilities for companies willing to locate in of product and component testing, aimed at Świerk and adequate training and conference facilities, improving the quality and minimizing breakdowns but even more importantly it will host a set of dedicated of the tested systems. laboratories offering R&D services in broad range of subjects. All these laboratories will provide services to Among them we may list: industrial partners of the PNT and serve as the basis for Radiation resistant electronics lab – devoted to R&D programmes. testing of existing and newly developed electronics solutions, designed to operate in high radiation environments, such as nuclear facilities or space. Paweł Sobkowicz The laboratory will be equipped with testing and
28 Annual Report 2013
12. STRENGHTENING OF THE INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF THE INSTITUTE IN ŚWIERK FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON IONISING RADIATION 4LABS
The donation from the Regional Operational detection of defects in castings, construction elements or Programme for the Mazowieckie voivodship for the closed structures such as vacuum systems with overall years 2007-2013 will result in spending over 33 mln thickness up to several hundreds of millimetres. Within zlotys on the necessary renovation and construction the 4Labs project the new, higher energy experimental work, modernisation of the infrastructure and the setup will be assembled. Digital image registration and purchase of research instruments for four laboratories, computer steering, with the possibility of scanning will hence the name of the project – 4Labs – and building a enable examination of large scale objects, real time new computer network. The realisation of the project viewing of 2D and 3D images and advanced data will last until the end of 2014. Implementation of the analysis. 4Labs project is about 50%. The Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring is The largest changes will affect the Laboratory of measures, analyses and models dust pollution of the air. Accelerating Structures, which produces accelerating Particles of dust are picked by the filters, wchich are units for electrons in medical and industrial accelerators subsequently burnt down. The ash is compacted and put manufactured by the NCBJ. Due to the grant new into a cyclotron to perform radiation analysis. The laboratory buildings are under construction. granted funds will allow the measuring system to be modernised. The other task is to create advanced They include the design department, workshops, software for the analysis of pollution over large areas assembly cleanrooms required to obtain ultrahigh and long periods and enable predictions. Knowledge vacuum and the Accelerator Laboratory with so called about the variation of dust pollution in different areas bunkers, with shielding against radiation. Also it will be will help to eliminate its sources and improve the health possible to increase the energy of the manufactured of the inhabitants. The Laboratory operates in fully accelerators from 9 MeV up to 20 MeV. The reconditioned accommodation. Accelerator Laboratory is ready to use. The Office building is not get ready to use , interior fitting out is Support from the 4Labs project will help to still in progres. modernise the computer network. Currently its throughput is insufficient, which hinders At the Laboratory of Ion Plasma Beams, scientists communication and usage of network versions of are working on modifying the properties of solids by programs for numerical calculations. All these problems exposing their surfaces to pulses of hot plasma of should disappear after building a skeleton network with various composition lasting hundreds of nanoseconds. throughput as high as 10 Gb/s. It will open the way to a Using this method, researchers obtained high- new range of network services, including education. temperature resistance to oxidation of stainless steel and The 4Labs project will significantly improve conditions resistance to sulphur compounds. The current for economically important scientific research, help the investigations are aimed at producing semiconducting NCBJ groups to join in international collaborations and materials for spintronics, which requires incorporation gain access to or develop technologies useful to of atoms with high magnetic moments in the crystal industry. One can expect that it will stimulate numerous lattice. Before the technology can be widely used, original ideas within medicine, materials science or problems with the stability of the plasma source must be environmental protection. The granted funds will solved. For that reason, besides modernisation of the enhance the position of the NCBJ, which in future laboratory infrastructure, the granted funds will be should bring considerable benefits to the Mazowieckie employed to improve the plasma gun, especially the Voiewodship and the whole national economy. system of gas dosing valves and to purchase instruments for plasma diagnostics. The Lab is now fully reconditioned and intensive purchose of scientific Project co-financed by the European Union from equipment is under way. the European Regional Development Fund under the Regional Operational Programme of Masovian The Radiographic Laboratory now operates in Voivodeship 2007-2013. reconditioned accommodation. The Laboratory conducts research on defectoscopy. X-rays of a few MeV in energy, emitted from a target bombarded with a Cezary Pochrybniak beam of electrons from an accelerator, enable the
Department of Nuclear Energy 29
II. DEPARTMENTS AND DIVISIONS OF THE INSTITUTE
1. DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
Director of Department: Grzegorz Krzysztoszek, M.Eng. phone: +48 22 2731080 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The MARIA research reactor operated for ca. 3810 hours on power 18-24 MW in 2013. The reactor was used first of all to irradiate materials for radioisotope production for OR Polatom and the company Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals and for physical research at the reactor neutron beam ports. Especially important was the reactor operation within the period January-April to provide the continuation of Mo-99 production for nuclear medicine when it delivered ca. 16% of the world demand. The reactor core conversion through systematic replacement of high enriched spent fuel elements by low enriched elements fabricated by AREVA-CERCA has been continuing. With the aim of obtaining the fuel supply from another producer, in January 2013 test irradiation of fuel of MR-6/485 type fabricated according to Russian methods was launched. In the period June-August the reactor was shut down due to replacement of the primary pump assemblies for the fuel channel cooling circuit which was a necessary condition to pursue the full conversion of the reactor core. The Laboratory for Dosimetry Measurements (within the framework of dosimetry surveillance and radiological monitoring of the nuclear centre) conducted the following measurements at Świerk: - threat to individual employes, - background of gamma radiation, - internal hazard to persons, - contamination of the environment. The most important achievements of the laboratory for Mixed Radiation are as follows: 1. Accomplishment of the ring chamber model. 2. Characterization of the bundle at the BNCT reactor stand LVR-15 and at the H8 horizontal port beam of the MARIA reactor has been examined. 3. Confirmation of the possibility of measuring the dose in the pulse field of 6 MeV photon radiation using recombination methods and detectors. In the Nuclear Power Engineering division a number of projects associated with safety analyses for the MARIA reactor, fourth generation power reactors and the interaction of nuclear facilities with the environment have been executed. The most important of them are: 1. Elaboration of the method to determine the beryllium block fluence based on calculation of concentration sums of 6Li, 3H, 3E. 2. Study of high temperature reactors (HTGR) including an elaboration of pebble ball bed and neutron models. 3. An analysis of the results of measurements of radionuclide concentrations in the vicinity of Nitric Plants of “PUŁAWY” S.A. (Zakłady Azotowe “Puławy S.A.).
Grzegorz Krzysztoszek, M.Eng.
30 Annual Report 2013
Division of Nuclear Energy 31
DIVISION OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
Head of Division: Tomasz Jackowski, M.Eng. phone: +48 22 2731101 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The main scientific and technical achievements of the Nuclear Energy Division in 2013 were: Modelling of the MARIA research reactor: - Determination of neutron fluence in the beryllium blocks of the MARIA reactor, on the basis of diffusion calculations. - Elaboration of dedicated effective microscopic cross section libraries for the REBUS code - Handbook of unified isotopic concentrations of MARIA reactor fuels (MR-6/430; MR-6/485, MC-5/485) together with a guide on their code-names in the REBUS, WIMS, TRIPOLI, MCNP i APOLLO codes. - Diffusion calculation of reactivity effects of the rabbit system repositioning in the MARIA reactor core; - Reactivity effects of 14 MeV neutron converter placement in the MARIA reactor core; diffusion theory analysis. - Investigation of azimuthal power generation effects in the fuel elements of the MARIA reactor. - Investigation of improvements in the model of MARIA beryllium block geometry (with the MCNP code), and their effect on reactivity and flux distribution. - Fuel channels of types MR6 and MC5 in the RELAP5 code. - Fuel channel of type MC5 in the CATHARE2 code. - Reactor kinetics for the RELAP5 code and calculation of the water level in the pump rooms in the case of flooding. LWR power reactors: Neutron-physics analysis of application of modern, accident resistant materials for cladding LWR reactor fuel. Validation of thermal-hydraulic and severe accident codes by experimental facilities modelling: HEFUS3 loop in the SCDAPSIM code (ALLEGRO project), HEFUS3 loop in the MELCOR code (ALLEGRO project), LOFT facility in the RELAP5 code, Kv scaling method applied to LOCA analysis for the LOFT experimental facility and Zion NPP using RELAP5. Participation in project NURESAFE - engineering aspects of nuclear safety, the work package on dry-out models and dry-out heat transfer Participation in project SARWUT - safety analyses of nuclear reactors in loss of heat sink conditions and severe accident conditions Development of computer applications supporting analytical capabilities: uncertainty analyses with the URANIA platform, "Kanalia" - the application or monitoring of radioactive releases from MARIA reactor fuel channels, iNotebookZAR - an application supporting preparation of engineering handbooks, PWR Core - calculation of burn-up in a sample PWR - within the Centre Informatics Świerk project Thermal-hydraulic analysis for assessment of safety margins for the BNCT converter for the MARIA reactor utilising the CFD code within the Centre Informatics Świerk project Thermal-hydraulic analysis of a calorimeter for heat measurement of gamma radiation performed utilising the CFD code within the Centre Informatics Świerk project CFD analysis of hydraulic coupling for the cooling system of the Centre Informatics Świerk Validation of a Weather Research Forecast model for atmospheric dispersion simulations within the Centre Informatics Świerk project Implementation of an atmospheric dispersion Flexible Particle model of Lagrangian type within the Centre Informatics Świerk project Bayesian approach to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods for event reconstruction problems within the BayesFits project of the Welcome programme:
32 Annual Report 2013
- Enlargement of the scope of application of the MCMC_SER software package implementing the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods and the Bayesian approach to stochastic event reconstruction. - Examination of the applicability of genetic and GEO algorithms to the problem of atmospheric contaminant source localization. Simulation of flows in urban areas by an Eulerian-Lagrangian model Thermodynamic properties of ceramics with structural defects Development of a model for identification of the release source in soil based on measurement data Development of a prototype system for hazard area assessment linked with the early warning monitoring system within the NCBiR project: Development of an Information System for Early Warning on Major Industrial Accidents Performing PSA analysis for selected systems for PWRs Risk analysis for technological accidents caused by natural disasters Extended PSA study for the spent fuel pool within the ASAMPSA FP7 project Participation in HTR-PL Project (High Temperature Reactor): - Development of a tool for simulation of fuel movements in a pebble bed reactor core. - Analysis of licensing approaches for High Temperature Gas cooled Reactors (HTGRs) in various international programmes, with US NGNP in focus. - CFD simulations of flow and temperature distribution in a pebble bed. - Overview of computational methods of Pebble Bed Modular Reactors. - Review of HTR experiments in China, Japan, Germany, Switzerland, RPA, Russia. - Application of the SCALE/KENO code to the first core criticality calculations of an HTR-10 assembly. - Application of the CITATION code to the first core criticality calculations of an HTR-10 assembly. - Application of APOLLO2 to calculation of HTR-10 pebble cell geometry. In cooperation with the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia, a study of the nuclear transmutation process using the QUINTA facility irradiated with deuterons of energy 2, 4, and 8 GeV for determination of the energy spectrum of neutrons at energies above 10 MeV, based on activity measurements of isotopes produced in Y-89 threshold detectors.
Within the topic of uranium dioxide fuel behaviour under irradiation, assessment of the impact of UO2 grain re-crystallization as a function of burn-up on the critical temperature for the onset of the high temperature fission gas burst release was studied; calculation of bonding of xenon and krypton on the surface of a uranium dioxide single crystal as an additional process for trapping fission gases by uranium dioxide fuel beside trapping in bubbles and trapping due to irradiation induced chemical bonding. Analysis of the Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) by a point model with some extensions and the one energy group approximation.
Tomasz Jackowski, M.Eng Division of Nuclear Energy 33
REPORTS
Interim Report on Safety I. Toth, J. Szczurek, K. Różycki et al. European Commission, 7 EUROATOM(2013)
Investigation of Nuclear Operation Parameters of the EPR Reactor E. Grodzicka Nationale Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Polska (2013)
Small modular reactors J K. Samul, A. Strupczewski, G. Wrochna Nationale Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk (2013)
Development of a prototype computer system for real-time information about the major accidents hazards with use of spatial information M. Borysiewicz, O. Dorosh, H. Jędrzejec, P. Kopka, P. Kopka, M. Korycki, S. Potempski, G. Siess, A. Wasiuk, A. Wawrzyńczak-Szaban, H. Wojciechowicz Nationale Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk (2013)
Determination of soil in selected soil profiles at an archaeological site in Balaklava and Kazackaja Hill (Crimea), 2012 season E. Miśta Instytut Archeologii, Uniwersytet Warszawski (Warszawa)(2013)
Preparation of ALLegro – Implementing Advance Nuclear Fuel Cycle in Central Europe. K. Różycki, Ł. Kurpaska European Commission(2013)
The thermal to 14 MeV neutron converter design in the MARIA reactor R. Prokopowicz, K. Pytel, M. Dorosz, Z. Marcinkowska, M. Wierzchnicka National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk (2013)
Thermal-hydraulics calculation for fuel assembly in European Pressurized Reactor using RELAP5 code M. Skrzypek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk (2013)
Thorium perspectives in nuclear power S. Chwaszczewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Świerk (2013)
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Archeometryczne badania ludzkich szczatków kostnych jako źródło wiedzy na temat obrządku pogrzebowego paraneolitycznej kultury Zedmar E. Miśta, B. Wagner, W. Gumiński, P. Kalbarczyk Zastosowanie technik analitycznych w ochronie zabytków (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-12-05 - 2013-12-06)
Is the nuclear power safe? Ł. Koszuk VIth International School on Nuclear Power (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-11-06 - 2013-11-07)
The third pillar of SNETP - Nuclear Cogeneration – Sustainable source of energy. T. Jackowski, K. Różycki, T. Machtyl IAEA Consultants’ Meeting on Enhancing Collaboration in Innovationsto Support Sustainable Nuclear Energy Systems (Vienna, Austria, 2013-11-05 - 2013-11-08)
Neutron radiography studies and other structural analysis of Przeworsk Culture objects from archaeological site in Czersk E. Miśta, J.J. Milczarek, I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, P. Kalbarczyk I Meeting of Metal and Composite Objects conservation (Gdańsk, Poland, 2013-10-24 - 2013-10-24)
34 Annual Report 2013
Use of CATHARE code in National Centre for Nuclear Research. T. Machtyl, M. Spirzewski CATHARE User s Club (Grenoble, France, 2013-10-08 - 2013-10-11)
Why Nuclear Power? K. Różycki 1st International Conference in Radiation Protection in Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Medicine (Cerna Hora, Czech Republic, 2013-09-19 - 2013-09-22)
Cross-section studies of important neutron and relativistic deuteron reactions V. Wagner, M. Suchopar, M. Bielewicz, S. Kilim, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta XX International School on Nuclear Physics, Neutron Physics and Applications (Varna, Bulgaria 2013-09-16 - 2013-09- 21)
The role of international collaboration in knowledge development in creation of TSO M. Spirzewski, E. Grodzicka, T. Jackowski 22nd International Conference Nuclear Energy for New Europe (Bled, Slovenia, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-12)
Study of neutron fields and nuclear reactions in massive natural uranium target irradiated by deuteron Nuclotron beams with energy (0.5-4) GeV/nucleon and perspectives for ADS with deep subcritical active core W. Furman, M. Bielewicz, S. Kilim, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski Nuclear Physics: Present & Future (Boppard, Germany, 2013-05-29 - 2013-06-05)
Preparation of TSO support for Polish nuclear power programme in the area of nuclear safety and public information T. Jackowski, M. Borysiewicz, S. Potempski, K. Różycki IAEA expert meeting (Vienna, Austria, 2013-05-21 - 2013-05-24)
Nuclear Cogeneration Industrial Initiative – Research and Coordination T. Jackowski, K. Różycki Reasearch Infrastructure in Vysehrad Countries. (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-20)
Neutron- physics calculations of new types of materials in MARIA research reactor. T. Kulikowska, Z. Marcinkowska, A. Boettcher, K. Andrzejewski, Ł. Koszuk, M. Łuszcz Science and Technology towards challenges of nuclear power plant construction (Warsaw, Poland, 2013-02-13 - 2013-02- 15)
Nuclear Spent Fuel Management. Analysis of options of Nuclear Power Program in Poland S. Chwaszczewski Science and Technology towards challenges of nuclear power plant construction (Warsaw, Poland, 2013-02-13 - 2013-02- 15)
Utilization of thorium in Subcritical Facilities as a Way to Reduce Production of Radioactive Waste M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, L. Dąbrowski Technical Meeting on the Collaborative Work on Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) and Use of Low-Enriched Uranium (LEU) in ADS (Wiedeń, Austria, 2013-02-04 - 2013-02-08)
Oral presentations
Technical training for local community administrations as a tool of implementation of public participation approaches in radioactive waste disposal B. Mysłek-Laurikainen, E. Miśta, P. Stankiewicz, A. Stasik IPPA Wast Project Meeting (Bukareszt, Romania, 2013-10-24 - 2013-10-25)
How to combine control,detection and early warning systems with lessons from past accidents? M. Borysiewicz, K. Kowal, S. Potempski 45th ESReDA Seminar: Dynamic Learning from incidents and accidents (Porto, Portugal, 2013-10-23 - 2013-10-24)
Measurement of cross-sections of Yttrium (n,xn) threshold reactions by means of gamma spectroscopy P. Chudoba, S. Kilim, M. Bielewicz, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta ERINDA Workshop (Genewa, CERN, Switzerland, 2013-10-01 - 2013-10-03)
Creation of the Nuclear Safety Infrastructure in Poland in international cooperation T. Jackowski, J. Malesa, K. Samul, K. Różycki The 2nd European Nuclear Power Briefing 2013 (Budapest, Hungary, 2013-09-22 - 2013-09-25)
Division of Nuclear Energy 35
Extended PSA activities in Poland M. Borysiewicz, S. Potempski Advanced Safety Assessment: Extended PSA (Wiedeń, Austria, 2013-09-17 - 2013-09-19)
Neutron radiography studies of the Przeworsk culture objects from Czersk J.J. Milczarek, I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, E. Miśta 1st International Conference on Neutron Imaging and Neutron Methods in Archaelogy and Cultural Heritage Research NINMACH-2013 (Garching, Germany, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-12)
Magnetoelectric properties of (BiFeO3)x-(BaTiO3)1-x solid solutions K. Kowal, E. Jartych, P. Guzdek, B. Wodecka-Duś, A. Lisińska-Czekaj, D. Czekaj International Interdisciplinary PhD Workshop (Brno, Czech Republic, 2013-09-08 - 2013-09-11)
Sequential Monte Carlo in Bayesian assessment of contaminant source localization based on the sensors concentration measurements A. Wawrzyńczak-Szaban, P. Kopka, P. Kopka, M. Borysiewicz 10th International Conference onParallel Processing and Applied Mathematics (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-09-08 - 2013- 09-11)
Modification of UO2 Grain Re-crystallization Temperature in Function of Burn-up as a Base for Vitanza Experimental Curve Reconstruction; M. Szuta, L. Dąbrowski Tenth International Conference on WWWR Fuel Performance, Modelling and Experimental Support, (Sandansk, Bulgaria, 2013-09-07 - 2013-09-14)
Theory and measurement of the magnetoelectric effect K. Kowal Ph.D. Workshops of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty of Lublin University of Technology (Lublin, Poland, 2013-07-05 - 2013-07-06)
Recent PSA activities in Poland S. Potempski Advanced Safety Assessment: Extended PSA (ASAMPSA)( Paris, France, 2013-07-01 - 2013-07-01)
Thermal desorption of Ar+ implanted silicon A. Droździel, A. Wójtowicz, M. Turek, K. Pyszniak, D. Mączka, B. Słowiński, Yu. Yushkevich 8th Int.Conf. (Zakopane, Poland, 2013-06-18 - 2013-06-21)
Production of Mo+ beams using an are descharge ion source M. Turek, A. Droździel, K. Pyszniak, S. Prucnal, D. Mączka 8th Int.Conf. (Zakopane, Poland, 2013-06-18 - 2013-06-21)
NC2I-R and HTR-PL Programmes – Current status T. Jackowski, K. Różycki 17th SNETP Executive Committee meeting (Brussels, Belgium, 2013-06-13 - 2013-06-13)
Construction of safety infrastructure for Polish nuclear power programme T. Jackowski, J. Malesa, K. Różycki 15th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermohydraulics (Pisa, Italy, 2013-05-12 - 2013-05-17)
An Integrated Approach to the Risk Management in the Nuclear Industry M. Borysiewicz, T. Jackowski, K. Kowal, S. Potempski 44thESReDA Seminar Porto, Portugal, (2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
Effects of the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents on atmospheric electricity parameters recorded at Polish observation stations B. Mysłek-Laurikainen, M. Kubicki European Geosciences Union General Assembly 20133, (Wiedeń, Austria, 2013-04-07 - 2013-04-12)
Measurements relevant to high energy neutron spectrum (>10MeV) by using Yttrium threshold detectors in the U/Pb assembly using deuteron beam M. Bielewicz, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, M. Kadykov, S. Tyutyunnikov International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science & Technology (ND2013) (New York, USA, 2013-03-04 - 2013-03- 08)
36 Annual Report 2013
NCBJ’s preparations to take the role of TSO – Nuclear Energy Division T. Jackowski, K. Samul, K. Różycki Science and technology in front of the challenge of constructing nuclear power plant (Warsaw, Poland, 2013-02-13 – 2013- 02-15).
An Integrated Risk Informed Decision Making in the Nuclear Industry M. Borysiewicz, K. Kowal, S. Potempski Science and technology in front of the challenge of constructing nuclear power plant (Warsaw, Poland, 2013-02-13 – 2013- 02-15).
Safety and hazard analyses performed within the project: Informatics Centre Swierk M. Borysiewicz, J. Malesa, S. Potempski Science and technology in front of the challenge of constructing nuclear power plant (Warsaw, Poland, 2013-02-13 – 2013- 02-15).
Possibility of nuclear waste incineration and transmutation in a simple thoriumbased setup A. Pacan, B. Słowiński, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski Science and technology in front of the challenge of constructing nuclear power plant (Warsaw, Poland, 2013-02-13 – 2013- 02-15).
JRodos New Features Course H. Wojciechowicz JRODOS training course at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Karlsruhe, Germany, 2013-02-07 - 2013-02-08)
Polish Experience with RODOS system H. Wojciechowicz RODOS User Group meeting at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Karlsruhe, Germany, 2013-02-05 - 2013-02-07)
Measurement of Y-89(n,xn) reaction cross sections using quasimonoenergetic neutron source S. Kilim, M. Bielewicz, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, V. Wagner, P. Chudoba, O. Svoboda, M. Majerle, M. Štefánik The 2-nd ERINDA Progress Meeting and Scientific Workshop (Javaskyla, Finland, 2013-01-08 - 2013-01-11)
Posters
Implementing Public Participation Approaches in Radioacive Waste Disposal in Poland B. Mysłek-Laurikainen, E. Miśta, A. Jedynak, G. Zakrzewska NESTet 2013 (Madryt, Spain, 2013-11-17 - 2013-11-21)
Technical Training for Local Community Administrations as a Tool of Impllementation of Participation Approaches in Radioactive Waste Disposal B. Mysłek-Laurikainen, E. Miśta, P. Stankiewicz, A. Stasik EURASWASTE 13 8th EC Conference on the Management of Radioactive Waste Community Policy and Research on Disposal (Wilno, Lithuania, 2013-10-14 - 2013-10-17)
Samples at Gamma Spectrometry Laboratory - Investigations of Specific Radioactivity Z. Tymiński, E. Miśta, A. Patocka, E. Kołakowska, A. Listkowska, K. Tymińska, M. Wiśniewski, P. Żołądek, A. Olech International Meteor Conference (Poznań, Poland, 2013-08-22 - 2013-08-25)
Kv scaling method applied to LOCA analysis for the LOFT experimental facility and Zion NPP using RELAP5. M. Skrzypek, E. Grodzicka, R. Możdżonek Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Nuclear safety assessment – fast or accurate? P. Prusiński, K. Kowal, T. Kwiatkowski, S. Potempski, M. Spirzewski Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
IRIDM - Enhancing safety by risk minimization M. Borysiewicz, K. Kowal, S. Potempski, P. Prusiński, M. Dąbrowski Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Bayesian approach in enviromential problem based on PFLOTRAN package. O. Dorosh, H. Wojciechowicz, P. Kopka, P. Kopka Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28) Division of Nuclear Energy 37
Implementing Public Participation Approaches in Radioactive Waste Disposal B. Mysłek-Laurikainen, E. Miśta, A. Jedynak Symposium NCBJ 2013 (Warsaw, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Preliminary physicochemical studies in a shield handle originating from the Przeworsk culture cementery located in Czersk E. Miśta, P. Kalbarczyk Symposium NCBJ 2013 (Warszaw, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Preliminary physicochemical studies in a shield handle originating from the Przeworsk culture cementery located in Czersk E. Miśta, P. Kalbarczyk New techniques for the non-invasive investigation of the surpface and subsurface structure of Heritage Object (Toruń, Poland, 2013-06-25 - 2013-06-26)
Bayesian methodology in the stochastic eventreconstruction problems A.Wawrzyńczak-Szaban, P. Kopka, P. Kopka, M. Borysiewicz Bayesian Young Statisticians Meeting 2013 (Mediolan, Italy, 2013-06-05 - 2013-06-06)
Bayesian approach in enviromential problem based on PFLOTRAN package. O. Dorosh, H. Wojciechowicz, P. Kopka, P. Kopka Bayesian Young Statisticians Meeting 2013 (Mediolan, Italy, 2013-06-05 - 2013-06-06)
Bepu in the maria research reactor safety investigation K. Dąbrowski, J. Malesa, K. Różycki 15th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermohydraulics (Pisa, Italy, 2013-05-12 - 2013-05-17)
Activities of NCBJ at Świerk/Poland in npp safety assessment K. Dąbrowski, J. Malesa, K. Różycki 15th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermohydraulics (Pisa, Italy, 2013-05-12 - 2013-05-17)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Representation of buildings in numerical atmospheric model in meso-gamma scalea M. Korycki Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 2013-12-04
The PSA Level-1 Analysis for PWR of Surry NPP by usage of SAPHIRE v.8a K. Kowal National Atomic Energy Agency, Warsaw, 2013-11-14
Risk maps of severe industiral accidents related to meteorological hazarda S. Potempski Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, Cracow, 2013-11-12
Basics of Nuclear Powera K. Samul Uniwersytet Trzeciego Wieku, Rumia, 2013-11-09
Safety of the nuclear power planta Ł. Koszuk University of the Third Age, Starogard Gdanski, 2013-10-23
Scenario3:EPR–Loss of Offsite Power with Total Failure of Diesels. Calculations code:MELCOR,MAAP. E. Grodzicka Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 2013-10-10
Experience and usage of CATHARE code in National Centre for Nuclear Research M. Spirzewski Grenoble, CEA, 2013-10-10
Capabilities and modelling in MELCOR codea. E. Grodzicka Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 2013-10-09
Session 5 – Scenario 2: EPR - 20 cm2 Cold Leg Leak. Calculations code: RELAP5, CATHARE K. Samul Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 2013-09-10
38 Annual Report 2013
HTR-PL project - a brief description K. Różycki IAEA, Vienna, 2013-09-10
Session 3 – Scenario 1: SBLOCA, 3-loop model, 900 MWe.Calculations code: RELAP5, CATHARE K. Samul Warsaw University of Technology ,Warsaw, 2013-09-09
Calculation capability of thermal-hydraulics RELAP5 codea M Skrzypek Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 2013-09-08
EPR 20 cm2 Cold Leg Break Transient Analysis in CATHARE and RELAP5 Calculation Codes M. Skrzypek Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 2013-09-08
How is it ensured the safety work of nuclear power station? a Ł. Koszuk Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk, 2013-06-04
The training from the system RODOS for National Atomic Energy Agencya H. Wojciechowicz National Atomic Energy Agency, Warsaw, 2013-05-28
City ventilation: pollution dispersion in urban areasa M. Korycki Polish Academy of Sciences - House of Creative Work in Madralin, Otwock, 2013-05-17
Physico-chemical analysis as a sorce of knowledge about led bronzesa E. Miśta Warsaw Uniwersity, Faculty of History, Institute of Archaeology, Warsaw, 2013-03-06
The selected structural and magnetic properties of (BiFeO3)x-(BaTiO3)1-x solid solutionsa K. Kowal Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, 2013-02-02
An Integrated Risk Informed Decision Making in the Nuclear Industry K. Kowal Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, 2013-02-01
How is it ensured the safety work of nuclear power station? a Ł. Koszuk XV Liceum Ogólnokształcące z Oddziałami Dwujęzycznym, Warsaw, 2013-01-24
The possibilities for use the nuclear energya Ł. Koszuk Cultural Centre in Pruszków, Pruszkow, 2013-01-12
a) in Polish
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Fluid divider - a few words on CIŚ cluster coolingb T. Kwiatkowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-12-11
The core damage probability of PWR following the grid power failurea K. Kowal National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk 2013-12-09
A mechanical model of the pebble bed in HTGRa. K. Różycki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-12-02 Division of Nuclear Energy 39
High-resolution thermal hydraulic analysis for MARIA reactora T. Kwiatkowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-25
High-resolution thermal hydraulic analysis for MARIA reactora P. Prusiński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-25
Mechanical Model of a Pebble Bed Reactorb K. Różycki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-20
Molten Salt Reactor dynamics modeling using MS EXCEL 2010a S. Kilim National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-12
Neutron radiography studies and other structural analysis of Przeworsk Culture objects from archaeological site in Czerskb E. Miśta National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-12
Optimization of computing codesa S. Potempski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-06
Contribution to the analsis of fuel based on thorium application in ADS and in EPR reactora M. Szuta National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-05
PWRCore - Internet browser as a interface for computational codea K. Gomulski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-10-15
Web service for modelling atmospheric pollution of constant release quantitya M. Korycki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-10-15
Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis for RELAP5 model of the Large Break, Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LB-LOCA) in the Zion Nuclear Power Plantb R. Możdżonek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-10-09
Nuclear energy in Polanda Ł. Koszuk National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-09-23
The work of Expert Groups on issues of reactor technology, coordinated by the OECD NEAa A. Boettcher National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-05-21
Neutron spektrometry for enegy >10MeV in the Pb/U assemblya M. Bielewicz National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-05-14
Neutron spectrometry for energy >10MeV in the Pb/U assemblya E. Strugalska-Gola National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-05-14
Kv scaling method applied to LOCA analysis for the LOFT experimental facility and Zion NPPb M. Skrzypek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk Świerk Computing Centre, 2013-05-08
Ensemble methods in modelling transport and dispersion of contaminants in atmospherea S. Potempski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-04-16
40 Annual Report 2013
An approach to environmental problems related to shale gas exploitation based on PFLOTRAN packageb O. Dorosh National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-04-10
EPR fuel assembly and core modela E. Grodzicka National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-04-09
Verification of the activation method of spallation neutron spectrum determination - confrontation of the method with the results on Energy plus Transmutation and Quinta setupsa S. Kilim National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-03-15
Neutronics calculations for safety analysisa K. Andrzejewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-03-12
Thermo-Hydraulic calculations of BNCT convertera M. Spirzewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-02-05
Methods of stochastic reconstruction of events related to NCBR releases to environmenta A. Wawrzyńczak-Szaban National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-01-29
An Integrated Risk Informed Decision Making in the Nuclear Industryb K. Kowal National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-01-23
a) in Polish b) in English
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
A. Boettcher - Physics Laboratory I, Chemistry I, University of Silesia in Katowice
E. Grodzicka - Lectures for the University of the Third Age in Czersk. "Nuclear power plants: safety and principles of operation".
E. Grodzicka - Lectures for the University of Third Age in Malbork. "Nuclear Power Plants: safety and principles of operation".
Ł. Koszuk - The training course with the Simulator of Maria research reactor for students of Nuclear Energy Postgraduate Studies from Warsaw University of Technology, 16th March, 2013.
T. Kwiatkowski - Internships students supervision
E. Miśta - Organization and management of research and teaching trip to the EJ "Żarnowiec" and to the surrounding industrial infrastructure
E. Miśta - Organization of nationwide hearings , as part of the IPPA project
E. Miśta - Organization within the IPPA Project training-hearing for the group of 50 members of local authorities and administrative representatives
E. Miśta - Participation in the exhibition at the Archaeological Museum in Biskupin. Presentation of results of archaeometallurgy analysis of objects from the position in Czaszkowo. Exhibition celebrate the 80th anniversary of the discovery of the Biskupin site.
S. Potempski - Application of the decision support system for nuclear emergencies RODOS in international exercise ECURIE, National Atomic Energy Agency
S. Potempski - Decision support system for nuclear emergencies RODOS, National Atomic Energy Agency, CEZAR Division of Nuclear Energy 41
S. Potempski - Industrial safety devices for mitigation of consequences of major industrial accidents, The Main School of Fire Protection
P. Prusiński - Internship students supervision
K. Różycki - A lecture about nuclear power, its physical background, safety and fuel cycle in Gdynia, on October 16th
M. Skrzypek - Lectures for University of the Third Age in Ustka and Łeba about Nuclear power plant- principle of operation and safety
B. Słowiński - Global development of energetics - one semester lectures for undergraduate students of the Faculty of Production Technology, WUL (Warsaw University of Life) - lectures "Radiation Modification of Materials" for undergraduates of the Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland - lecture for PhD students: J.Bzdak, space-time dynamics of air pollution and Klara Rusin, optimal management of radioactive waste - Physics background of nuclear power - for undergraduate and PhD students of the Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
K. Andrzejewski Nukleonika, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
M. Bielewicz Polish Astronomical Society
M. Borysiewicz Member of the European Safety, Reliability and Data Association (ESReDA)
S. Chwaszczewski Session chairman on Nauka i technika wobec wyzwania budowy elektrowni jądrowej” Mądralin 2013 in Warszawa, Poland Member of Polish Commitee Polish Nuclear Society
T. Jackowski Polish Nuclear Society Steering Commitee member of IAEA TSO Forum SNETP Executive Committee
Ł. Koszuk ATOMIC FORUM Foundation, President Polish Nuclear Society, member Forum Atomowe, Atomic Forum, ATOMIC FORUM Foundation
D. Mączka Member of the Polish Physical Society Lublin Society of Science, member Member of the Faculty of Math.Inf.Phys., MCS University, Lublin
E. Miśta Vice-President, Polish Nuclear Society - Youth Forum Member, European Nuclear Society - Young Generations (ENS YNG) Member, Women in Nuclear Member, Inter-Society for Scientific Research and Protection of the World Cultural Heritage HUMANICA
42 Annual Report 2013
B. Mysłek-Laurikainen Member, Polish Physical Society Polish Nuclear Society
S. Potempski Member: specialist in numerical analysis and informatics
K. Różycki Member of Organizing Committee on Nauka i Technika wobec wyzwania budowy elektrowni jądrowej \ in Warszawa, Poland
B. Słowiński Journal of Nuclear and Radiation Physics. A Periodical of the Egyptian Nuclear Physics Association, Journal of Nuclear and Radiation Physics Member of the Faculty Council, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology
E. Strugalska-Gola Member Association of Polish Electricians, Committee of Nuclear Power
Division of Nuclear Energy 43
PERSONNEL
Research scientists
Krzysztof Andrzejewski, PhD Agnieszka Boettcher, M.Sc Mieczysław Borysiewicz, PhD Agnieszka Burakowska, PhD Krzysztof Dąbrowski, PhD Orest Dorosh, PhD Krzysztof Gomulski, M.Sc.Eng. Tomasz Jackowski, M.Sc.Eng. Henryk Jędrzejec, PhD Małgorzata Klisińska, M.Sc. Michał Korycki, M.Sc. Łukasz Koszuk, M.Sc. Karol Kowal, M.Sc.Eng. Tomasz Kwiatkowski, M.Sc.Eng. Mariusz Łuszcz, M.Sc.Eng. Tomasz Machtyl, M.Sc. Janusz Malesa, M.Sc.Eng. Zuzanna Marcinkowska, PhD Prof. Dariusz Mączka, Professor Magdalena Mądry, M.Sc. Ewelina Miśta, M.Sc. Rafał Możdżonek, M.Sc.Eng. Bogumiła Mysłek-Laurikainen, PhD Sławomir Potempski, PhD Piotr Prusiński, M.Sc.Eng. Kajetan Różycki, M.Sc.Eng. Kacper Samul, M.Sc.Eng. Jagoda Sendal, M.Sc. Grzegorz Siess, M.Sc.Eng. Eleonora Skrzypek, M.Sc.Eng. Maciej Skrzypek, M.Sc.Eng. Bronisław Słowiński, Professor Michał Spirzewski, M.Sc.Eng. Anna Stadnik, M.Sc.Eng. Elżbieta Strugalska-Gola, PhD Jan Szczurek, DSc.Eng. Marcin Szuta, Assoc. Professor. Daniel Szymański, M.Sc.Eng. Anna Wawrzyńczak-Szaban, PhD Henryk Wojciechowicz, M.Sc. Andrzej Wojciechowski, PhD
BSc students Daria Niewiadomska, Ryszard Wójcik Andrzej Prusiński
PhD students Marcin Bielewicz, M.Sc. Stanisław Kilim, M.Sc. Piotr Kopka, M.Sc. 4/5*
Technical and administrative staff Jolanta Przyłuska Anna Wasiuk
*part-time employee
44 Annual Report 2013
Division of MARIA Reactor Operations 45
DIVISION OF MARIA REACTOR OPERATIONS
Head of Division: Andrzej Gołąb, M.Eng. phone: +48 22 2731088 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
There are 58 employees (engineers and technicians) working in the Maria Reactor Operation Unit. The main activity of this unit is carrying out safe operation of the MARIA research reactor. In 2013 the reactor operated 3180 hours at power levels from 18 MW to 25 MW. The main activities carried out at the MARIA reactor were focused on:irradiation of target materials in vertical channels and in the rabbit system: . irradiation of uranium targets for 99Mo production . neutron scattering condensed matter studies with neutron beams from the reactor horizontal channel . neutron radiography studies . neutron modification of crystals and minerals . training
Irradiation of target materials such as: TeO2, KCl, Lu2O3, SmCl2, S, Co etc. were performed for the Radioisotope Centre Polatom and irradiation of uranium targets was performed for Covidien. In addition the production of the 192Ir seeds used for Intravascular Radiation Therapy and low activity 192Ir source ribbon for oncology applications were carried out. The neutron irradiation service utilizing the MARIA reactor also includes the colouring of topaz minerals. The irradiation of minerals in special channels located outside the reactor core, changes its clear natural state to shades of blue, thereby increasing the commercial value of the product. Blue topaz is released to the market as a non- radioactive material, conforming to strict international criteria. The commercial irradiation of uranium plates for 99Mo production was carried out at the MARIA reactor in 2013 within 17 reactor operation cycles. Average activity of 99Mo at the end of irradiation (EOI) obtained from one irradiation channel was 244 TBq. An important activity, performed in 2013 was focused on preparation of the technology of irradiation low enriched uranium plates for 99Mo production, related to the Global Threat Reduction Initiative. Also in relation to this programme in 2013 the process of conversion of the Maria reactor core to low enriched fuel (enrichment 19.75% in 235U) was carried out. This process is being realised progressively, i.e. the highly enriched fuel of MR-6 type is being replaced, one by one, by low enriched MC-5 fuel, fabricated by the AREVA company. Realisation of the core conversion programme brought about the necessity to modernise the fuel channel cooling system. In the period June – September 2013 the old pumps of the primary cooling system were replaced by the new ones and additionally 3 shutdown pumps were installed.
Andrzej Gołąb M.Eng.
46 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
Report over operation of MARIA research reactor in2012a A. Gołąb Postępy Techniki Jądrowej Vol. 59 No Z.1 (2013) 15
Ananalysis of radiological hazard associated with modernization of MARIA reactor fuel channels cooling syste a E. Borek-Kruszewska, J. Lechniak, J. Piąstka National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Vibration diagnostic of the molybdenum channel with LEU platesa T. Krok, P. Nowakowski National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Modernization of the fuel channels cooling system of MARIA reactor. Annex 2013/2 to the Operational MARIA reactor safety reporta E. Borek-Kruszewska, M. Czarnecki, A. Frydrysiak, A. Gołąb, A. Hryczuk, J. Jaroszewicz, J. Lechniak, P. Nowakowski, I. Owsianko, J. Polak, Z. Przybysz, K. Pytel, R. Stanaszek, M. Wierzchnicka, P. Witkowski National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
An assessment over the state of radiological protection at the site and in surrounding of the Nuclear Centre at Świerk in 2012a B. Filipiak, Z. Haratym, J. Ośko, T. Pliszczyński, B. Snopek, M. Banach, B. Boimski, K. Ciszewska, S. Domański, M. Dymecka, R. Ejsmont, M. Feczko, A. Garboliński, B. Karpińska, J. Lechniak, G. Pindara, R. Sosnowiec, M. Szostak, W. Śniegoń, M. Umaniec, K. Wiśniewska, J. Wojnarowicz, Z. Worch, D. Zielińska National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Production of fission product 99Mo using High Enriched Uranium in Polish nuclear research reactor MARIA. Technology and neutronic analysis. J. Jaroszewicz, E. Iller, Z. Marcinkowska, K. Pytel National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Supplement to the project and technology of the positioning sockets h-8 reconstruction at the MARIA reactor J. Piąstka, A. Małkiewicz, J. Lechniak, Z. Przybysz, J. Kurdej National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Operation results, investigations and measurements at the MARIA reactor within the period of the III Q 2013a A. Gołąb, J. Idzikowski, K. Jezierski, E. Kurdej, S. Bąk, P. Witkowski, K. Sierański, D. Krawczyński, J. Suchocki, M. Wójcik, J. Macios, W. Sikorski, R. Marczak, R. Keler, A. Szmyd National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Operation results, investigations and measurements at the MARIA reactor within the period of the I Q 2013a A. Gołąb, J. Idzikowski, K. Jezierski, J. Lechniak, I. Owsianko, A. Frydrysiak, R. Stanaszek, J. Jaroszewicz, I. Iwański, D. Mucha, Z. Bąk, B. Broda, S. Skorupa, R. Laskus National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Operation results, investigations and measurements at the MARIA reactor within the period of the IV Q 2013a A. Gołąb, G. Krzysztoszek, A. Hryczuk, J. Idzikowski, M. Gadoś, J. Lechniak, I. Iwański, I. Owsianko, E. Wilczek, T. Witkowski, K. Majchrowski, P. Nowakowski, E. Ciborek National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Results and measurements at the MARIA reactor within the II Q 2013a A. Gołąb, A. Hryczuk, J. Idzikowski, M. Skwarczyński, W. Bąk, M. Bąk, F. Lech, T. Lechnia, D. Kwiatkowski, I. Hora, W. Kultys, W. Ćwiek, W. Czerniewski, K. Grzenda, T. Hajkowski, M. Czarnecki National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
a) in Polish
Division of MARIA Reactor Operations 47
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Technical aspects of irradiation High Enriched Uranium plates for production 99Mo in reactor MARIA J. Jaroszewicz, K. Pytel 6th International Symposium on Material Testing Reactors Bariloche, (Rio Negro, Argentina, 2013-10-28 - 2013-10-31)
Ageing management of beryllium and graphite blocks in research reactor MARIA A. Gołąb Join IGORR 2013 and IAEATechnical Meeting( Daejeon, Korea, 2013-10-13 - 2013-10-18)
Irradiations of U-targets in MARIA research reactor for Mo-99 production G. Krzysztoszek SNMMI 60-th Annual Meeting, (Vancouver, Canada, 2013-06-08 - 2013-06-12)
Technical and Safety Aspects of Research Reactor MARIA A. Gołąb Annual Meeting of the European Advisory Safety Committee for Research Reactors, (Istanbul, Turkey, 2013-06-03 - 2013- 06-07)
Replacement of pumps in primary cooling circuit to enable full core conversion in MARIA RR G. Krzysztoszek European Research Reactor Conference - RRFM 2013, (Saint Petersburg, Russia, 2013-04-21 - 2013-04-25)
Reactor scram due to malfunction of two neutron flux measurement lines for the reason of flooding the channels containing ionisation chambers A. Gołąb Technical Meeting for the National Coordinators of the Incident Reporting System for Research Reactors, (Vienna, Australia, 2013-04-15 - 2013-04-19)
Research reactor – technical state and utilization G. Krzysztoszek Nauka i Technika wobec wyzwania budowy elektrowni jądrowej, (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-02-13 - 2013-02-15)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Status of MARIA research reactor operationb G. Krzysztoszek Serpong, BATAN, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2013-11-19
Strategic utilisation plan for MARIA research reactorb G. Krzysztoszek Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013-07-10
System zarządzania reaktora MARIAb A. Hryczuk Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013-06-20
Irradiation testing of the new LEU fuel MR type in MARIA reactorb G. Krzysztoszek Sevastopol, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013-06-13
MARIA research reactor operation in 2012b G. Krzysztoszek Delft, Delft University of Technology, 2013-05-16
Safety Status of Research Reactor MARIAb A. Gołąb Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013-05-14
48 Annual Report 2013
Development of Operating Programmes for MARIA Reactorb G. Krzysztoszek Argonne, Argonne National Laboratory, 2013-04-30
Aspects of radiation protection programme for the MARIA research reactorb M. Wójcik Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013-03-20
b) in English
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
G. Krzysztoszek Deputy Chairman of Council for Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection, National Atomic Energy Agency
PERSONNEL
Technical and administrative staff Marian Bąk Sylwester Bąk Jan Lechniak, M.Sc. Eng Wiesława Bąk Krzysztof Lechnik Zdzisław Bąk Jan Macios Bolesław Broda Krzysztof Majchrowski Ewelina Ciborek, M. Sc. Rober Marczak Michał Czarnecki, M.Sc.Eng. Adrian Michalski Wiesław Czerniewski Dariusz Mucha Wiesław Ćwiek Paweł Nowakowski, M.Sc. Eng Andrzej Frydrysiak, M.Sc.Eng Ireneusz Owsianko, M.Sc. Eng Marcin Gadoś Krzysztof Sierański 0.6* Andrzej Gołąb, M.Sc Eng Wiesław Sikorski Ryszard Góralski Stefan Skorupa Kazimierz Grzenda Mieczysław Skwarczyński Tadeusz Hajkowski Ryszard Stanaszek, M.Sc. Eng. Ireneusz Hora Janusz Suchocki Jacek Idzikowski, M.Sc. Eng. Piotr Szaforz, M.Sc. Eng Ireneusz Iwański, Eng. Angelika Szmyd Janusz Jaroszewicz, M.Sc. Eng Emil Wilczek, M.Sc. Eng Krzysztof Jezierski, M.Sc. Eng Piotr Witkowski, Eng. Rober Keler Tomasz Witkowski Dariusz Krawczyński Paweł Wojtczuk Waldemar Kultys Marcin Wójcik Edward Kurdej Jarosław Zienkiewicz, M. Sc. Eng Dariusz Kwiatkowski Krzysztof Żołądek Rober Laskus Franciszek Lech Tadeusz Lechnia
Division of Research Reactor Technology 49
DIVISION OF RESEARCH REACTOR TECHNOLOGY
Head of Division: Janusz Piąstka, M.Eng. phone: +48 22 72731091 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The main tasks of the Department are to support the operation of the MARIA research reactor in: - safety and thermal-hydraulic analysis, - design of new equipment and technological systems for production and experiments, - preparation of project documentation, construction, technical equipment and technological reactor systems in the framework of modernization or renovation, - measurement technology, including incore measurements, - repair of equipment and technological systems of the reactor, - reactor spent fuel management, - accomplishment of equipment or technological systems based on our own documentation or other authorized design units in the mechanical workshop, - conducting the warehouse and archives of the department. The Department operates the new Quality Assurance Programme in Design, Construction and Repair of Reactor Facilities named PZJ MARIA. The Department consists of five Divisions: - Reactor Analysis and Measurement Division, - Reactor Technology Division, - Design and Technology Division, - Technical Division, - Mechanical Workshop. There are 28 employees including 3 researchers with doctoral degrees. The main work carried out in 2013 dealt with: Upgrading the cooling system of the MARIA reactor fuel channels was carried out in 2013. Modernization relies on replacing the four two-speed pumps of the main cooling circuit by four new single-speed pumps and installing three new auxiliary pumps with fittings, power supply system, instrumentation and control system.
Analysis of the isotopic composition of irradiated materials, coolant and air samples by gamma spectrometry i.e. a routine activity, measurements of minerals, topaz, activity measurements of silicon charges prior to their expedition to the receiver, irradiation of two stes of eight Hall sensors.
Janusz Piąstka, M.Eng.
50 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
Analysis of radiological hazards related to modernization of MARIA reactor fuel channel cooling systemaa E. Borek-Kruszewska, J. Lechniak, J. Piąstka National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Vibration diagnostics of the molybdenum channel with LEU platesa T. Krok, P. Nowakowski National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Vibration diagnostics of cooling circuit in MARIA reactora T. Krok National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Upgrading the cooling system of the MARIA reactor fuel channelsa E. Borek-Kruszewska, J. Piąstka, A. Małkiewicz National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Upgrading the MARIA reactor fuel channels cooling system. Anex 2013/2 to The MARIA Reactor Operational Safety Report a E. Borek-Kruszewska, M. Czarnecki, A. Frydrysiak, A. Gołąb, A. Hryczuk, J. Jaroszewicz, J. Lechniak, P. Nowakowski, I. Owsianko, J. Polak, Z. Przybysz, K. Pytel, R. Stanaszek, M. Wierzchnicka, P. Witkowski National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Modernization of PF-100 facility for the goals of the main-stream fusion researchesa M. Scholz, V.A. Gribkov, L. Karpiński, S. Jednoróg, A. Szydłowski, M. Paduch, B. Bieńkowska, R. Prokopowicz, E. Zielińska International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna (2013)
The equipment for loading of radioactive samples from the hot cel to the PT-1 containera M. Wierzchnicka, J. Piąstka, J. Polak, Z. Przybysz Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych (2013)
The program of research, tests and checks, related to the modernization of the MARIA reactor fuel channels cooling systema E. Borek-Kruszewska, W. Mieleszczenko, J. Piąstka, K. Pytel National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Results of Inspection of the MARIA Research Reactor Spent Fuel Assemblies to be Transported to the Russian Federation in 2014a E. Borek-Kruszewska, J. Piąstka, A. Małkiewicz, I. Wilczek, A. Zawadka National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
The thermal to 14 MeV neutron converter design in the MARIA reactora R. Prokopowicz, K. Pytel, M. Dorosz, Z. Marcinkowska, M. Wierzchnicka National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Thermal neutron flux density measurements within the radiation channels of MARIA reactora A. Kozieł, J. Kurdej National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Beryllium neutron activation counter for pulsed D-D fusion sources B. Bieńkowska, R. Prokopowicz, M. Scholz Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej im. Henryka Niewodniczańskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Kraków(2013)
Efekty reaktywnościowe związane z wprowadzeniem konwertera neutronów 14MeV do rdzenia reaktora MARIA. Analiza modelem dyfuzyjnym. Z. Marcinkowska, R. Prokopowicz National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
The new hydraulic rabbit dual-channel in the H-IX position of MARIA core – thermal neutron flux density measurementsa A. Kozieł, J. Kurdej National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013) Division of Research Reactor Technology 51
Określenie fluencji neutronów prędkich w blokach berylowych reaktora MARIA na podstawie obliczeń modelem dyfuzyjnym. Z. Marcinkowska, K. Pytel, R. Wójcik, A. Struski, Ł. Koszuk National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Oszacowanie efektu reaktywnościowego niepełnego odtrucia reaktora MARIA M. Lipka, K. Pytel National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Production of fission product 99Mo using High Enriched Uranium in Polish nuclear research reactor MARIA. Technology and neutronic analysisa J. Jaroszewicz, E. Iller, Z. Marcinkowska, K. Pytel National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Technology of loading irradiated material samples into a PT-1 container and transportation them from the MARIA reactor to LBMa E. Borek-Kruszewska, J. Piąstka, M. Wierzchnicka National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
In addition to the design and technology of the h-8 socet in the reactor MARIAa J. Piąstka, A. Małkiewicz, J. Lechniak, Z. Przybysz, J. Kurdej National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
Zestawienie składu izotopowego Elementów Paliwowych reaktora MARIA (MR-6/430; MC-5/485; MR-6/485) wraz z nazewnictwem stosowanym w kodach obliczeniowych REBUS, WIMS, TRIPOLI, MCNP i APOLLO A. Boettcher, M. Tarchalski, Z. Marcinkowska, Ł. Koszuk National Centre for Nuclear Research (2013)
a) in Polish
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Technical aspects of irradiation High Enriched Uranium plates for production 99Mo in reactor MARIA J. Jaroszewicz, K. Pytel 6th International Symposium on Material Testing Reactors, (Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina, 2013-10-28 - 2013-10-31)
The nuclear reactor MARIA at the National Centre for Nuclear Research as a part of the Critical Infrastructure E. Borek-Kruszewska Technologies for Critical Infrastructure Protection of External country of the European Union (Szczytno, Poland, 2013- 06-05 - 2013-06-08)
Posters
Principle of calibration of the simple calorimeter for nuclear heating measurements in MARIA reactor and transposition to the case of JHR reactor M. Tarchalski, K. Pytel, P. Siréta, A. Lyoussi, J. Jagielski, C. Reynard-Carette, C. Gonnier, G. Bignan International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications – ANIMMA (Marseille, France, 2013-06-23 - 2013-06-27)
52 Annual Report 2013
PERSONNEL
Elżbieta Borek-Kruszewska, PhD Zbigniew Przybysz Wacław Czajka Beatrycze Pytel Michał Dorosz Pytel Krzysztof, PhD Danuta Kaczyńska Elżbieta Sobiech Alina Kozieł Bogdan Święch Tomasz Krok Mikołaj Tarchalski Jadwiga Kurdej Marian Urbańczyk Maciej Lipka Małgorzata Wierzchnicka Kazimierz Maliszewski Ireneusz Wilczek Adam Małkiewicz Janusz Wilczek Marek Migdal Mieczysław Wójcik Janusz Piąstka Wiesław Wróbel Jerzy Polak Antoni Zawadka Rafał Prokopowicz, PhD Adam Żurawski
Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory 53
RADIATION PROTECTION MEASUREMENTS LABORATORY
Head of Division: Dr. Zbigniew Haratym phone: +48 22 2731032 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The activities of the Radiation Protection Measurement Laboratory are focused on environmental monitoring and the assessment of radiation exposure of personnel. Scientific interests mostly concern methods of mixed radiation dosimetry and internal dosimetry.
The main tasks of the Laboratory include: - Radiation monitoring of the Świerk Centre and Różan (KSOP) sites, - Surveillance of radiation safety, - Radioactive waste control (especially liquid waste), - Preparedness for radiation protection in emergency conditions, - Development of radiation protection measurements and methods, - Calibration of radiation protection monitoring instruments, - Personal dosimetry, - Sewage and drainage water activity measurements, - Environmental radiation monitoring, - Research in dosimetry (described below).
In 2013 the Radiation Protection Measurement Laboratory continued successfully its activities concerning improvement of measuring procedures within two domains of the Laboratory which are accredited by the Polish Centre for Accreditation (PCA), namely: • The determination of internal body contamination (whole body counter, thyroid counter and radiological analysis of excretions) – Accreditation No. AB 567. • Calibration of dosimetric instruments - in reference gamma and neutron radiation fields and surface contamination monitors – Accreditation No. AP 070. The scientific activities of the Radiation Protection Measurement Laboratory are mostly performed by the Laboratory of Mixed Radiation Dosimetry (head of laboratory dr. eng. Michał A. Gryziński – e-mail [email protected] or phone: +48 22 7180157). The research group consists of one professor and four PhDs, three graduate physicists and two engineers. The main subjects of study concern: - Development of dosimetry methods for hadron therapy, with particular emphasis on boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and investigation of radiation fields near radiation therapy facilities. - Development of methods for the determination of operational dosimetric quantities and dose distribution vs. LET in mixed radiation fields, using high-pressure ionization chambers. - Design and construction of recombination ionization chambers and dosimeters. - Investigation of processes of ionization and recombination of ions in gases under pressure up to 5 MPa. - Metrology of mixed radiation fields (including pulsed and high energy fields). - Development of methods for internal contamination dosimetry. The research work was partly financed by 2 research grants from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and from the National Centre for Research and Development (Poland).
Dr. Zbigniew Haratym
54 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
Assessment of the condition of radiological protection in the territory and in the vicinity of the National Radioactive Waste Repository in Różan (2012). M. Dymecka, A. Garboliński, Z. Haratym, T. Pliszczyński, B. Snopek, W. Śniegoń, D. Zielińska NCBJ (2013)
Estimation of radiological protection on the terriroty of Nuclear Centre Świerk and its vicinity (2012). Z. Haratym, J. Ośko, T. Pliszczyński, B. Snopek, M. Banach, B. Boimski, K. Ciszewska, S. Domański, M. Dymecka, R. Ejsmont, M. Feczko, A. Garboliński, B. Karpińska, J. Lechniak, G. Pindara, R. Sosnowiec, M. Szostak, W. Śniegoń, M. Umaniec, K. Wiśniewska, J. Wojnarowicz, Z. Worch, D. Zielińska NCBJ (2013)
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talk
Ephitermal neutron source at Maria reactor M.A. Gryziński, N. Golnik The IAEA Technical Meeting on Research Reactor Users Networks (RRUNs): advances in neutron therapy (Mainz, Germany, 2013-07-01 - 2013-07-04)
Oral Presentations
Comparison of physical and biological dosimetry for internal emitters K. Rothkamm, M.A. Lopez, J.-F. Barquinero, C. Challeton-deVathaire, G. Etherington, O. Gil, A. Giussani, E. Gregoire, İ. Güçlü, A. Jaworska, C. Lindholm, I. Malatova, S.L. McComish, J. Marsh, N. Maznyk, J. Moquet, D. Nosske, J. Ośko, A.M. Rojo, H. Romm, A. Testa, S.Y. Tolmachev, A. Wieser, M. Youngman, P. Fattibene The Fifth International MELODI Workshop, (Brussels, Belgium, 2013-10-07 - 2013-10-10)
Epithermal neutron source at Maria reactor N. Golnik, M.A. Gryziński, S. Domański 7th Young Researchers Boron Neutron Capture Meeting (Granada, Spain, 2013-09-22 - 2013-09-26)
EURADOS intercomparison exercise on MC modeling for the in-vivo monitoring of Am-241 in skull phantoms (Part I) T. Vrba, P. Nogueira, D. Broggio, M. Caldeira, K. Capello, K. Fantínová, C. SousaFigueira, J. Hunt, D. Leone, M. Murugan, O. Marzocchi, M. Moraleda, J. Ośko, A. Shutt, S. Suh, M. Takahashi, M.A. Lopez, R. Tenner 1st International Conference on Dosimetry and its Applications (Prague, Czech Republic, 2013-06-23 - 2013-06-28)
Design of positioning system for soft-docking of an intraoperative electron accelerator. R. Soboń, A. Wysocka-Rabin, N. Golnik XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013, (Wilga, Poland, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
Posters
Numerical model of multi-signal ionization chambera M. Maciak, J. Ośko, P. Tulik, K. Tymińska XVIII National Conference on Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering (Gdańsk, Poland, 2013-10-10 - 2013-10-12)
Samples at Gamma Spectrometry Laboratory - Investigations of Specific Radioactivity Z. Tymiński, E. Miśta, A. Patocka, E. Kołakowska, A. Listkowska, K. Tymińska, M. Wiśniewski, P. Żołądek, A. Olech International Meteor Conference (Poznań, Poland, 2013-08-22 - 2013-08-25)
Analysis of the nuclear center personnel exposure to alpha emittersa K. Ciszewska, M. Dymecka, J. Ośko, T. Pliszczyński, M. Tulik Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Intercomparison of neutron area monitors in the reference neutron radiation fields. L. Stolarczyk, P. Tulik, S. Domański, P. Olko, J. Swakoń, K. Zbroja Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory 55
Dosimetry of epithermal neutrons using recombination chambers filled with nitrogen. P. Tulik, Ł. Krzemiński, N. Golnik Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Characterisation of radiation field for irradiation of biological samples at nuclear reactor – comparison of twin-detectors and recombination methods. N. Golnik, M.A. Gryziński, P. Tulik, K. Meronka Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Ambient quality factor for fast neutrons in mixed radiation fields. M. Zielczyński, M.A. Gryziński, N. Golnik Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
A micro-gap, air filled ionization chamber as a detector for criticality accident dosimetry. M. Zielczyński, N. Golnik, Ł. Murawski, M.A. Gryziński Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Calculated neutron energy dependence of the dose response of large recombination chamber. K. Tymińska, M.A. Gryziński Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Study on the influence of the B4C layer thickness on the neutron flux and energy distribution shape in multielectrode ionization chamber. K. Tymińska, M. Maciak, J. Ośko, P. Tulik, M. Zielczyński Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Low-level gamma and neutron monitoring based on use of proportional counters filled with He-3 in polythene moderator - study of the reponses to gamma and neutrons. S. Pszona, A. Bantsar, P. Tulik, K. Wincel, B. Zaręba Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Warszawa, Poland, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Dosimetry of epithermal neutrons using recombination chambers filled with nitrogen. P. Tulik, Ł. Krzemiński, N. Golnik Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
Intercomparison of neutron area monitors in the reference neutron radiation fields. L. Stolarczyk, P. Tulik, S. Domański, P. Olko, J. Swakoń, K. Zbroja Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
Characterisation of radiation field for irradiation of biological samples at nuclear reactor – comparison of twin-detectors and recombination methods. N. Golnik, M.A. Gryziński, P. Tulik, K. Meronka Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
A micro-gap, air filled ionization chamber as a detector for criticality accident dosimetry. M. Zielczyński, N. Golnik, Ł. Murawski, M.A. Gryziński Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
Ambient quality factor for fast neutrons in mixed radiation fields. M. Zielczyński, M.A. Gryziński, N. Golnik Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
Calculated neutron energy dependence of the dose response of large recombination chamber. K. Tymińska, M.A. Gryziński Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
Study on the influence of the B4C layer thickness on the neutron flux and energy distribution shape in multielectrode ionization chamber. K. Tymińska, M. Maciak, J. Ośko, P. Tulik, M. Zielczyński Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
Low-level gamma and neutron monitoring based on use of proportional counters filled with He-3 in polythene moderator - study of the reponses to gamma and neutrons. S. Pszona, A. Bantsar, P. Tulik, K. Wincel, B. Zaręba Neutron i ion dosimetry symposiumneudos 12 (Aix-En-Provence, France, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
56 Annual Report 2013
Analysis of the nuclear center personnel exposure to alpha emittersra K. Ciszewska, M. Dymecka, J. Ośko, T. Pliszczyński, M. Tulik VI Krajowa Konferencja Radiochemii I Chemii Jądrowej (Kraków, Poland, 2013-04-21 - 2013-04-24)
Dosimetry for Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Medicine J. Ośko, T. Pliszczyński, M.A. Gryziński, P. Tulik, K. Tymińska, N. Golnik, M. Zielczyński, S. Domański, Ł. Murawski, R. Soboń, K. Ciszewska, M. Dymecka, M. Tulik, M. Maciak, E. Jakubowska, Z. Haratym 1st International Conference in Radiation Protection in Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Medicine (Czech Republic, Cerna Hora, 2013-09-19 - 2013-09-22)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Monitoring of internal exposurea K. Ciszewska Lublin, Lublin University of Technology, 2013-11-28
Boron neutron capture therapya S. Domański Lublin, Lublin University of Technology, 2013-11-28
Boron neutron capture therapya M. Gryziński Lublin, Lublin University of Technology, 2013-11-28
Monitoring of internal exposurea J. Ośko Lublin, Lublin University of Technology, 2013-11-28
Monitoring of internal exposurea T. Pliszczyński Lublin, Lublin University of Technology, 2013-11-28
Application of recombination detectors in radiotherapy and radiological protectiona M. Gryziński Kraków, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, 2013-11-19
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Americium determination in urine samplesa K. Ciszewska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Summary of the project Development of standard radiation fields at LPDa S. Domański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Development and tests of the method of Sr- 90 determination by extraction chromatography in environmental samplesa M. Dymecka National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Development and tests of method for the determination of 90Sr in environmental samples using column chromatography extraction process; development and tests of a multi-signal recombination chamber model with multilayer neutron moderatora. R. Soboń National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Development of methods for ensuring nuclear safety and radiological protection for current and future needs of nuclear power. Summary of the 2nd year of the NCBiR projecta S. Domański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory 57
Summary of 2 years of the NCBiR project stage 17: Technologies supporting the development of safe nuclear energy S. Domański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Development of methods for ensuring nuclear safety and radiological protection for current and future needs of nuclear power. Summary of the 2nd year of the NCBiR projecta M. Gryziński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Development of methods for ensuring nuclear safety and radiological protection for current and future needs of nuclear power. Summary of the 2nd year of the NCBiR projecta J. Ośko National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
NCBiR (stage 17 product) Equipment for neutron calibrationa S. Domański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Summary of the 2nd year of the realization of strategic project Technologies for the development of safe nuclear energy. Method of H*(10) measurement with an ionization chamber filled with BF3a M. Gryziński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Summary of the 2nd year of the realization of strategic project Technologies for the development of safe nuclear energy. Methodology of internal doses to the different routes of exposure comprehensive assessmenta J. Ośko National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Assessment of personel exposure to alpha emitters in nuclear centre in Swierka K. Ciszewska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Technical visit in Fukushimaa J. Ośko National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Methods of internal contamination measurement in emergency conditionsa J. Ośko National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
NCBiR (product of step 17) a P. Tulik National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Determination of the americium activity in urine samplesa K. Ciszewska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
NCBJ grants for young workers. Development of reference neutron radiation fieldsa S. Domański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
Implementation and tests of the microfissure chamber for emergency dosimeter of neutron and gamma radiationa Ł. Murawski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk
a) in Polish
58 Annual Report 2013
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
B. Boimski Radiation protection training for NCBJ personnel. 24-27.06.2013 Radiation protection training for NCBJ personnel, A-A, (25.04.2013). Dosimetric instruments-the general principles of construction, specifications, classification, range of applications and devices legalization
S. Domański Consultant of B. Niewęgłowski’s engineering thesis, "Układ do kontroli wzorcowych pól promieniowania neutronowego", Politechnika Warszawska, 2013. Consultant of W. Kołakowski’s , diploma thesis "Badanie rozkładu gęstości strumienia neutronów pierwotnych w polach promieniowania neutronowego", Politechnika Warszawska, 2013.
M.A. Gryziński – Caregiver practice for graduate of Maciej Maciak Consultant of Paulina Siedlecka’s diploma thesis "Układ do ciągłego monitorowania mocy przestrzennego równoważnika dawki" Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Mechatroniki
J. Ośko 6th Scholl pof Nuclear Energy, 5-8 November 2013 - practical training course in Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory Auxiliary supervisor of Katarzyna Rzemek's doctoral dissertation "Study on the exposure of the staff of nuclear and isotopic objects from radioactive alpha radionuclides (actinides)", supervisor: prof. Andrzej Czerwiński, Warsaw University Consultant of Katarzyna Malec's diploma thesis "Assessment of internal exposure for nuclear medicine facility personnel ", Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, supervisor Piotr Tulik, PhD Consultant of Maciej Maciak's diploma thesis "Modelowanie detektorów z moderatorami do dozymetrii promieniowania neutronowego", Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Mechatronics Gamma spectrometry - training course for National Atomic Energy Agency, 4-8 November 2013 Radiation protection training for NCBJ personel, A-A, April 24-26 Radiation protection training for NCBJ personel, January 21-24
T. Pliszczyński 6th Scholl for Nuclear Energy, 5-8 November 2013 - practical training course in Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory. Gamma spectrometry - training course for National Atomic Energy Agency, 4-8 November 2013 Radiation protection training for NCBJ personnel, A-A, April 24-27.06.2013.
R. Sosnowiec Gamma ray spectrometry - training for PAA personnel, 4-8 November 2013.
K. Tymińska consultant of Maciej Maciak's diploma thesis "Modelowanie detektorów z moderatorami do dozymetrii promieniowania neutronowego", Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Mechatronics
M. Umaniec Gamma spectrometry - training course for National Atomic Energy Agency, 4-8 November 2013
Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory 59
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
M.A. Gryziński Board member of the Mazovia branch członek grupy roboczej WG3 "Dosimetry and treatment planning" Corresponding member EURADOS WG9 - Radiation protection dosimetry in medicine Corresponding member EURADOS WG11 - High energy radiation fields
Z. Haratym Association for the Promotion of Quality in Radiotoxicological Analysis (France)
J. Ośko Polish Society of Medical Physics Coressponding member EURADOS WG7 - Internal Dosimetry
T. Pliszczyński Association for the Promotion of Quality in Radiotoxicological Analysis (France)
P. Tulik Member, Polish Society of Medical Physics Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering, Editorial Advisory Board Polish Society of Medical Physics
K. Tymińska Member, Polish Society of Medical Physics Corresponding member EURADOS WG6 - Computational dosimetry
M. Zielczyński Member, Polish Society of Medical Physics Member, Polish Radiation Research Society
PERSONNEL Research scientist Michał A. Gryziński, Dr. Eng. Piotr Tulik, Dr. Eng. Zbigniew Haratym, Dr. Katarzyna Tymińska, Dr. Jakub Ośko, Dr. Eng. Mieczysław Zielczyński, Professor (until 31.05.2013) Katarzyna Rzemek, M.Sc. Eng. Tomasz Pliszczyński, M.Sc. Eng.
Technical and administrative staff Agnieszka Araszkiewicz, M.Sc. Barbara Piotrkowicz Błażej Boimski, Eng. Grażyna Pindara Szymon Domański, M.Sc. Bożydar Snopek, Eng. Małgorzata Dymecka, M.Sc. Eng. Rafał Soboń, Eng. (since 12.03.2013) Ryszard Ejsmont Renata Sosnowiec Maciej Feczko Magdalena Szostak, M.Sc. Andrzej Garboliński Wiesława Śniegoń, M.Sc. Eng. Tadeusz Hadyś, M.Sc. Eng. Maria Tulik, M.Sc. Eng. (since 15.01.2013) Barbara Karpińska Marianna Umaniec Marzena Korab, M.Sc. (since 8.07.2013) Kazimiera Wiśniewska Alicja Kurdej, Katarzyna Wojdowska, M.Sc. Maciej Maciak, M.Sc. Eng. (since 17.09.2013) Zofia Worch Łukasz Murawski, Eng. Danuta Zielińska Andrzej Pawełczuk, Eng.
60 Annual Report 2013
Department of Materials Physics 61
2. DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS PHYSICS
Director of Department: Professor Jacek Jagielski phone: +48 22 2731443 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
In 2013 the research activities in MPD were concentrated on continuing our previous work in the field of studies of materials expected to be used in a nuclear environment and on the use of nuclear techniques for modification and analysis of solids. The MRL laboratory of MPD is one of the unique facilities in Poland disposing of the equipment needed to perform analyses of radioactive materials. The MRL has the Certificate of Testing Laboratory Accreditation No. AB 025 The Laboratory has also been granted 2nd Degree Approval No LB-038/27 by the Office of Technical Inspection. It has also the License of the National Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety Department Nr. 1/93/”MET” for investigation of irradiated materials up to 100Ci. The laboratory was designed for testing surveillance specimens from a planned nuclear power plant. The hot laboratory consists of an assembly of 12 lead hot cells arranged in a single line. All cells are designed to handle 3700 GBq (100Ci) of 1 MeV gamma emitter. Each of the cells is equipped with a viewing window and master-slave or tongs manipulators. The hot cells are connected by a special inert transport system. The assembly of hot cells is equipped with ventilating and active waste systems. Among the main research topics carried out in MPD one may list: • X-ray diffraction: structure of safe antidepressive alkaloid aptazepine obtained in first enantioselective synthesis and topography investigations of crystal lattice defects in ferroelectric niobates with tungsten bronze structure. • Mössbauer spectrometry: hyperfine interactions and magnetic ordering temperature in perovskite-based multiferroic systems, structural and magnetic transformations in NdMn2Hx hydrides. • Neutron scattering: magnetic and atomic short range order in Mn0.3Ni0.3Cu0.4 pseudo-binary alloy studied with neutron elastic scattering, studies of the drying process. • Mechanical properties: studies of strength and hardness of materials used in nuclear engineering, analysis of the role of irradiation on the functional properties of elastomers. • Corrosion properties: studies of zirconium corrosion in nuclear reactors, modification of oxidation resistance by using plasma or ion-beam doping of steels. • Doping stainless steel with oxygen reactive elements like Rare Earth Elements (REE) and others for improving surface oxidation resistance at high temperatures. • Development of new ferromagnetic semiconductors for spintronics. • Studies of the dependence of specific features of plasma surface engineering methods on the layer structure. • Optimisation of thin film Pb photocathodes In 2013 new equipment has was installed in the MRL of MPD: nanoindentation tester NanoTest “Vantage” allowing for nanomechanical measurements (nanohardness, scratch, wear, nanofriction) at temperatures varying from RT to 700 C. The apparatus is equipped with AFM, SPM and optical microscopes giving the possibility of sample inspection and precise selection of the place of indent. The high temperature platform contains a gas supply system making possible measurements in controlled atmospheres. The acquisition of the NanoTest system constitutes an important step forward in the planned specialization of the MPB on structural materials for future generations of nuclear reactors. Apart from smaller research projects carried out in MPD one should mention two large-scale projects currently handled by MPD staff: construction of the Neutral Beam Injector system for theW7-X stellarator in IPP Greifswald (Polish in-kind contribution to the W7-X project) and the 4Labs project. Total value of these projects exceeds 58 mln PLN. The researchers of MPB published 75 scientific publications in 2013.
Prof. Jacek Jagielski
62 Annual Report 2013
Division of Nuclear Methods in Solid State Physics 63
MATERIALS RESEARCH LABORATORY
Head of Division: Dr. Ewa Hajewska phone: +48 22 2731061 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Materials Research Laboratory is engaged in research work covering many aspects of materials engineering. Experiments are conducted on structural materials and their welded joints, including the examination of irradiated materials. All work is carried out according to the Quality Management System. From 1995, the Materials Research Laboratory has had the Certificate of Testing Laboratory Accreditation No. AB 025 valid until 17.07.2017. The Laboratory has also been granted 2nd Degree Approval No LB-038/27 by the Office of Technical Inspection. It also has the License of the National Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety Department Nr. 1/93/”MET” for investigation of irradiated materials up to 100Ci. The equipment of the MRL is continually supplemented. The MRL incorporates a hot laboratory for irradiated structural materials. This laboratory was designed for testing surveillance specimens from a planned nuclear power plant. The hot laboratory consists of an assembly of 12 lead hot cells arranged in a single line. All cells are designed to handle 3700 GBq (100Ci) of 1 MeV gamma emitter. Each of the cells is equipped with a viewing window and master-slave or tongs manipulators. The hot cells are connected by a special inert transport system. The assembly of hot cells is equipped with ventilating and active waste systems. In 2013 the dosimetric system as well as the lighting installation in the hot laboratory were completely modernized. One of the biggest steps towards a modern and innovative laboratory was the organization in 2013 of two separate laboratories: - Laboratory for non-destructive testing - Laboratory for nano-mechanical investigations.
Currently the MRL is involved in research on neutron irradiation and hot temperature plasma influence on the mechanical and structural properties of tungsten. This project is implemented within the framework of the Strategic Research Programme “Technologies supporting safe nuclear energy development in Poland”. In 2013 another project realized within the framework of the same programme was completed “An analysis of the possibilities and the criteria for Polish industry participation in the development of nuclear energy”. The laboratory also performs other investigations according to its statutory duty, such us investigations of the mechanical properties of zirconium and its alloys. The MRL is also engaged in preparing expert opinions and technical reports on materials in relation to licenses of the Polish Centre of Accreditation and Office of Technical Inspection. In the past year the a number of investigations ordered by the MARIA reactor were completed i.e: - measurement of the oxide layer thickness on the surfaces of irradiated fuel elements, - determination of the fissure depth on the surface of fuel elements, - determination of the expansion gap of graphite bocks after long time exploitation.
In 2013 the XX. seminar entitled Materials Investigation for the Power Industry was organized in Zakopane. The seminar was attended by about 40 participants, of which two participants represented Sweden and two Russia.
Dr. Ewa Hajewska
64 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
The investigation of the gamma irradiation influence on the mechanical and corrosion properties of stainless steel used for spent fuel containers and canisters. E. Hajewska, Ł. Kurpaska Międzynarodowa Agencja Energii Atomowej (2013)
Preparation of ALLegro – Implementing Advance Nuclear Fuel Cycle in Central Europe. K. Różycki, Ł. Kurpaska European Commission (2013)
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talk
Effect of radiation on corrosion and irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels A. Hofman, A.Yu. Didyk, V.K. Semina XXIII, International Conference on: “Radiation Physics of Solids” (Ukraine, Sewastopol, 2013-06-08 - 2013-06-13)
Oral Presentation
Wybrane Metody Badań Nieniszczących Stosowanych w Energetyce Jądrowej na Przykładzie Wizualnej Oceny Stanu Koszulki Elementu Paliwowego B. Zając, Z. Rozenblicki Badania Materiałowe na potrzeby elektrowni i przemysłu energetycznego (Poland, Zakopane, 2013-06-19 - 2013-06-21)
Poster
Raman scattering of preoxidized pure zirconium during temperature descent Ł. Kurpaska, M. Kozanecki, J.J. Jasinski, M. Sitarz XIIth International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy (Poland, Białka Tatrzańska, 2013-09-08 - 2013-09-12) Akademia Górniczo Hutnicza, Kraków No.1 (2013) p. 184
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Supplementary training for UDT-CERT examiners on non-destructive testinga B. Zając Warsaw, Office of Technical Inspection (UDT), 2013-03-07
Polish Technology Platform Safety Systemsa B. Zając Warsaw, Military University of Technology (WAT), 2013-05-22
Plasma focus equipment for the study of behavior of implanted light ions (H,T,He) in materials suitable for thermo nuclear reactors (ITER) and other applicationsb W. Biłous Zakopane 19-21.06.2013, XX seminarium Naukowo-Techniczne \, 2013-06-20
XX. Seminar on: Materials Investigation for Power Industry. Paper: A.Yu.Didyk, V.K.Semina, V.S.Kulikausas, V.I.Shedunov, E.Hajewska, A.Hofman, W.Biłous, J.Wasiak: Plazma focus equipment for the study of behawior of implanted light ions (H, T, He) in materials suitable for thermonuclear reactors (ITER) and other applicationsb E. Hajewska Zakopane, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Materials Research Laboratory, 2013-06-20
Plasma Focus - equipment for the study of behavior of implamented light ions (H, T, He) in materials suitable for thermo nuclear reactors (ITER) and other applications. Authors: A.Yu.Didyk, V.K.Semina, V.S.Kulikausas, V.I.Shvedunov, E.Hajewska, A.Hofman, W.Biłous, J.Wasiakb A. Hofman Zakopane, 19-21.06.2013, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory, 2013-06-20 Division of Nuclear Methods in Solid State Physics 65
Effect of radiation on corrosion and irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels. Authors: A.Yu.Didyk, V.K.Semina, A.Hofmanb A. Hofman Zakopane 19-21.06.2013, Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory, 2013-06-20
Plazma Focus - equipment for the study of behavior of implamented light ions (H, T, He) in materials suitable for thermo nuclearreactors (ITER) and other applications. Authors: A.Yu.Didyk, V.K.Semina, V.S.Kulikausas, V.I.Shvedunov, E.Hajewska, A.Hofman, W.Biłous, J.Wasiakb J. Wasiak Zakopane, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory, 2013-06-20
Safety exploitation of nuclear power station - technical and qualitative standardsa W. Biłous Zakopane 19-21.06.2013, Badania materiałowe na potrzeby elektrowni i przemysłu energetycznego - XX seminarium Naukowo-Techniczne Zakopane 19-21. 06.2013 , 2013-06-21
XX. Seminar: Materials Investigation for Power Industry.Paper: Ewa Hajewska, Jan Wasiak: The investigations of tungsten provide in the construction of fusion reactorsa E. Hajewska Zakopane, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory, 2013-06-21
XX. seminar: Materials investigation for Power Industry.Paper: Waldemar Biłous, Ewa Hajewska: Safety exploitation of nuclear power station - technical and qualitative standardsa E. Hajewska Zakopane, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory, 2013-06-21
The ivestigations of tungsten provide in the consruction of the fusion reactorsa J. Wasiak Zakopane, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory , 2013-06-21
Developing Coordinated NDT Activities to Comply With ISO Standards forTrainingb B. Zając Warsaw, IAEA, UDT, 2013-01-15
New Lancer, Work Group Meeting No 2b B. Zając Warsaw, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 2013-02-28
Demonstrating Performance of Spent Fuel and Related System Components during Very Long Term Storageb Ł. Kurpaska Villa General Belgrano, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013-04-16
AFCEN International and European Nuclear Codes and Standards Workshop No2b B. Zając Warsaw, Embasy of France, 2013-04-16
a) in Polish b) in English
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Advanced NDT Solutions, Industrial Scanners-COBRA Scanner B. Zając National Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory (LBM), 2013-02-27
Advanced NDT Solutions, MultiScan MS 5800 for Tube Inspection B. Zając National Centre for Nuclear Research, Material Research Laboratory (LBM), 2013-01-23
66 Annual Report 2013
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
W T. Wagner Energetic School for students from Gdańsk Technical School. Examination of irradiated structural materials in Hot Laboratory Training of school teachers in the frame of project "School with future" -Investigation methods of irradiated materials applied in Hot Laboratory LBM Workshop for participants of International Energetic School in Hot Laboratory LBM
B. Zając course MT level 2 according to PN EN ISO 9712 for Railway Institute Warsaw course MT level 2 according to PN EN ISO 9712 for Training Center Interprofesja Warsaw Training 2 people in NDT methods (VT and PT), NCBJ LBM Training for GTL-LOT on Visual Testing , level 2, PN EN 4179
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
E. Hajewska Dozór Techniczny, SIGMA NOT Member of the Committee
A. Zając Session chairman on Krajowa Konferencja Badan Nieniszczqcych, Toruń, Poland Member of Organizing Committee on Krajowa Konferencja Badan Nieniszczqcych, Koszalin, Poland
W. Szteke Member of the Comitte of Mechanics in the IPPT PAN
PERSONNEL
Research scientists Waldemar Bilous, Dr. Eng. Małgorzata Frelek, M.Eng. (from 01.12.2013) Ewa Hajewska, Dr. Eng. Andrzej Hofman, Professor . (till 31. 05.2013) Łukasz Kurpaska, Dr. Eng. (from 01.03.2013) Wioleta Pawlak, M.Eng. (from 01.12.2013) Martyna Przyborska, M.Eng Tadeusz Wagner, M.Eng. Jan Wasiak, Dr. Eng. Mariusz Wieczorkowski, M.Eng. Bogdan Zając, M.Eng.
Technical and administrative staff Konrad Ćwiek Mirosław Jagodziński Antoni Malczyk, Eng. Stanisław Mucha Grzegorz Olszewski, Eng. (from13.05.2013) Alicja Ostrowska Michał Przeklasa Zbigniew Rozenblicki Jadwiga Wojciechowska-Kwaśniewska Tadeusz Zych
Division of Nuclear Methods in Solid State Physics 67
DIVISION OF NUCLEAR METHODS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS
Head of Division: Dr. Jacek J. Milczarek phone: +48 22 2731233 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Department is involved in a wide range of research topics on the microscopic structure and dynamics of condensed matter systems. The techniques employed permit studies to be performed from the atomic level to macroscopic phenomena. Methods based on the interaction of radiation with matter comprise X-ray (XRD and synchrotron radiation), gamma radiation (Mössbauer spectrometry) as well as thermal neutrons (neutron scattering and neutron radiography). Some specialized techniques such as high pressure systems, rapid quenching and the sol- gel method have also been applied. A few theoretical and computational studies on uranium compounds have also been carried out. The Department consists of four laboratories: - Regional Laboratory of Neutronography, - Mössbauer Spectrometry Laboratory, - X-ray Diffraction Laboratory, - High Pressure Laboratory. There are 19 employees with three full professors and 9 researchers with doctoral degree. The main work completed in 2013 dealt with: - The structures of new mono-N-tosylated diamine ligands based on (R)-(+)-limonene and their application in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones and imines. - Hyperfine interactions and magnetic ordering temperature in perovskite-based multiferroic systems.
- Structural and magnetic transformations in NdMn2Hx hydrides. - Surface effects produced by nuclear reactions induced by gamma radiation in Pd saturated with deuterium. - High pressure properties and structure of complex organic liquids and their solutions.
- Changes in the magnetic and atomic order in Mn0.3Ni0.3Cu0.4 pseudo-binary alloy at the early stage of phase decomposition.
- Effect of spinodal phase decomposition on the spin wave dispersion relation in antiferromagnetic Mn0.75Cu0.25 alloy. - Structure of defects produced in silicon with flash pulses of electromagnetic radiation. - X-ray topography investigations of crystal lattice defects in ferroelectric niobates with tungsten bronze structure. - Kinetics of drying in porous materials saturated with aqueous NaCl solutions. - The statistical analysis of neutron images of drying processes. - Theoretical description of fluorescence kinetics in three state systems.
Dr. Jacek J. Milczarek
68 Annual Report 2013
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
X-ray diffraction anf topographic studies of silicon epitaxial layers grown on the substrate with introduced porous layer K. Mazur, K. Wieteska, W. Wierzchowski, J. Sarnecki, C. Paulmann 10th Polish Meeting of Synchrotron Radiation Users - 2013-09-11)
Neutron radiography studies and other structural analysis of Przeworsk Culture objects from archaeological site in Czersk E. Miśta, J.J. Milczarek, I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, P. Kalbarczyk I Meeting of Metal and Composite Objects conservation (Poland, Gdańsk, 2013-10-24 – 2013-10-24)
Izmienienie chimiczeskowo sostawa pod dejstwiem 10-MeV-nych gamma-kwantow pri jadernych reakcjach w nasiszcziennom dejteriem palladii A. Didyk, W. Sziłow, R. Wiśniewski, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska Radjaconnaja fizyka twiordowo tieła (Ukraine, Sewastopol, 2013-06-09 - 2013-06-14)
Izmienienie chimiczeskowo sostawa pod dejstwiem 10-MeV-nych gamma-kwantow pri jadernych reakcjach w nasiszcziennom dejteriem 68alladia A. Didyk, W. Sziłow, R. Wiśniewski, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska Radjacjonnaja Fizyka Twiordowo Tieła (Ukraine, Sewastopol, 2013-06-09 - 2013-06-14)
Pd under exposion of gamma quanta irradiation A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski 43 Tulinowkoja konferencjia po Fizykie Wzajemnodziejstwa Zarazionnych Castic z Krystałami (Russia, Moskwa, 2013-05- 28 - 2013-05-29)
Plazma fokus experiment with H, D, N ions on Ta(CD2)n/Ta compound A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski 43 Tulinowkoja konferencjia po Fizykie Wzajemnodziejstwa Zarazionnych Castic z Krystałami (Russia, Moskwa, 2013-05- 28 - 2013-05-29)
Utilization of thorium in Subcritical Facilities as a Way to Reduce Production of Radioactive Waste M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, L. Dąbrowski Technical Meeting on the Collaborative Work on Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) and Use of Low-Enriched Uranium (LEU) in ADS (Austria, Wiedeń, 2013-02-04 - 2013-02-08)
Synchrotron diffraction topography in studies of defect patterns in single crystals obtained with Czochralski technique. W. Wierzchowski, K. Wieteska, A. Malinowska, E. Wierzbicka, M. Lefeld-Sosnowska 55th Polish Crystallographic Meeting (Poland, Wrocław, 2013-06-27 - 2013-06-28)
Oral Presentations
Neutron radiography studies of the Przeworsk culture objects from Czersk J.J. Milczarek, I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, E. Miśta 1st International Conference on Neutron Imaging and Neutron Methods in Archaelogy and Cultural Heritage Research NINMACH-2013 (Germany, Garching, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-12)
The effect of sodium chloride on drying process in porous media I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, J.J. Milczarek, Z. Jurkowski, J. Żołądek VIII Polish Conference on Neutron Scattering and Complementary Techniques in Condensed Matter Research (Poland, Chlewiska, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Phases of drying process in layers of coarse grain materials K. Cmiel, J.J. Milczarek, I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, Z. Jurkowski, J. Żołądek VIII Polish Conference on Neutron Scattering and Complementary Techniques in Condensed Matter Research (Poland, Chlewiska, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
New Ca10Li(VO4)7 laser host: growth and properties A.N. Shekhovtsov, K. Wieteska 17th International Conference on Crystal Growth and Epitaxy (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-08-11 - 2013-08-16) Division of Nuclear Methods in Solid State Physics 69
Magnetic excitations in quenched and spinodaly decomposed Mn0.75 Cu0.25 alloy J. Jankowska-Kisielińska, K. Świderska VIII Polish Conference on Neutron Scattering and Complementary Techniques in Condensed Matter Research (Poland, Chlewiska, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Neutron diffraction resolution of magnetic structure of Cu0.4Mn0.3Ni0.3 alloy before and after phase K. Świderska, J. Jankowska-Kisielińska VIII Polish Conference on Neutron Scattering and Complementary Techniques in Condensed Matter Research (Poland, Chlewiska, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Statistical capillary model in description of imbibition of porous media J.J. Milczarek VIII Polish Conference on Neutron Scattering and Complementary Techniques in Condensed Matter Research (Poland, Chlewiska, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Recombination kinetics (fluorescence) in terms of eigen-modes and eigen-lifetimes of the energy-level - energy-level jump matrix A. Czachor VIII Polish Conference on Neutron Scattering and Complementary Techniques in Condensed Matter Research (Poland, Chlewiska, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Drying kinetics of particulate corundum layers K. Cmiel, J.J. Milczarek, L.C. Bam, I. Fijał–Kirejczyk, Z. Jurkowski, J. Żołądek Advanced Imaging for Industrial Applications (Germany, Berlin, 2013-08-25 - 2013-08-30)
Modification of UO2 Grain Re-crystallization Temperature in Function of Burn-up as a Base for Vitanza Experimental Curve Reconstruction; M. Szuta, L. Dąbrowski Tenth International Conference on WWWR Fuel Performance, Modelling and Experimental Support, (Bulgaria, Sandansk, 2013-09-07 - 2013-09-14)
Posters
Investigation of defect structure in undoped calcium molybdate single crystals (CaMoO4) by means of X-ray diffraction methods E. Wierzbicka, K. Wieteska 10th Polish Meeting of Synchrotron Radiation Users - 2013-09-11)
Ghost segregation pattern and other defects in mixed strontium-calcium-barium niobates W. Wierzchowski, K. Wieteska, A. Malinowska 10th Polish Meeting of Synchrotron Radiation Users - 2013-09-11)
Nanostructured plasma spray coatings L. Górski, I. Cieślik, M.J. Woźniak The International Nanoscience Community (Hungary, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-13)
Surface effects due to irradiation of metallic samples at pressurized deuterium gas with 23 MeV gamma photons R. Wiśniewski, A.Yu. Didyk, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska XLII Meeting of Polish Physical Society, Poznań 2013 (Poland, Poznań, 2013-09-08 – 2013-09-13)
X-ray Diffraction and Spectroscopic Studies of Composites Based on Hydroxyapatytes L. Górski, J. Hanuza, M. Mączka, M. Ptak, B. Sartowska 5th Polish Crystallographic Meeting (Poland, Wrocław, 2013-06-27 - 2013-06-28)
Atropoisomerism of heterocyclic compounds J. Szawkało, J.K. Maurin, Z. Czarnocki 56 PTChem and SITPChem, Meeting, 16-20.09.2013, Siedlce (Poland, Siedlce, 2013-09-16 - 2013-09-20)
Yttrium aluminum borate sol-gel technology to opotical aplication. I. Cieślik, A. Majchrowski, KJK. Kurzydłowski, I.V. Kityk International Conference of Material Science (Japan, Tsukuba, 2013-08-29 - 2013-08-30), University of Tsukuba, Japan No. (2013) p. 90
70 Annual Report 2013
Yttrium Aluminum Borate nanopowders to optical 70pplication I. Cieślik, A. Majchrowski, M. Płocińska, K.J.K. Kurzydłowski, I.V. Kityk, The International Nanoscience Community (Hungary, , 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-13)
X-ray diffraction resolution of defect structure in undoped single crystals of calcium molybdate (CaMoO4) E. Wierzbicka, W. Wierzchowski, K. Wieteska 55th Polish Crystallographic Meeting (Poland, Wrocław, 2013-06-27 - 2013-06-28)
INTERNAL SEMINARS
The use of high doses and high-energy ion implantation to improve the working characteristics of the manganin resistance alloy type - applied mathematical modeling.a T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-01-30
Phenomena occur during gamma quanta irradiation with threshold energy 23 MeV in chosen MeD2 systems surrounding by metallic high pressure chamber under condition of high pressure gaseous deuteriuma R. Wiśniewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-04-25
Surface Phenomena in Solids under High Energy γ-Quanta Irradiation in 1.2-4.0 kbar Dense Deuterium Gasb R. Wiśniewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk,Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 2013-06-21
Contribution to the analysis of fuel based on thorium application in ADS and EPR reactora L. Dąbrowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk 2013-11-05
a) in Polish b) in English
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
K. Cmiel Association of Engineers and Technicians of Chemical Industry
J. Jankowska-Kisielińska Member Polish Society of Neutron Scattering
J.J. Milczarek Polish Neutron Scattering Society
K. Wieteska Session chairman on Badania Materiałowe na potrzeby elektrowni i przemysłu energetycznego in Zakopane, Poland Member of Advisory Board on Badania Materiałowe na potrzeby elektrowni i przemysłu energetycznego in Zakopane, Poland Member, Polish Synchrotron Radiation Society
Division of Nuclear Methods in Solid State Physics 71
PERSONNEL
Research scientists
Armand Budzianowski, Dr. Jan Maurin, Dr. Iwona Cieślik, M.Sc. Jacek J. Milczarek, Dr. Katrzyna Cmiel, M.Sc. Świderska Karolina, M.Sc. Andrzej Czachor,Professor Teresa Wilczyńska-Kitowska, Dr. Ludwik Dąbrowski, Professor Roland Wiśniewski, Professor Izabela Fijał-Kirejczyk, Dr. Piotr Zachariasz Dr. Ludwik Górski, Dr. Joanna Żołądek-Nowak, M.Sc. Joanna Jankowska-Kisielińska, Dr.
Technical staff: Janusz Bojarczuk Jurkowski Zdzisław Wójcik Tadeusz Jan Żołądek
72 Annual Report 2013
Division of Plasma/Ion Beam Technology 73
DIVISION OF PLASMA/ION BEAM TECHNOLOGY
Head of Division: Dr. Cezary Pochrybniak phone: +48 22 2731558 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
In 2013 research activities in Division FM2 were concentrated on continuing our previous studies in the field of plasma physics applications in materials engineering science and solid state physics. Our main topics of research activity were as follows: 1. Doping stainless steel with oxygen reactive elements like Rare Earth Elements (REE) and others for improving surface oxidation resistance at high temperatures. 2. Development of new ferromagnetic semiconductors for spintronics. 3. Studies of the dependence of specific features of plasma surface engineering methods on Layers structure. 4. Optimisation of thin film Pb photocathodes. This year we still focused on the use of yttrium as an active element incorporated into 316L stainless steel using High Intensity Pulse Plasma Beams (HIPPB). The samples were cut from 316L commercial austenitic stainless steel. The samples were modified using high intensity (106-108 W/cm2) pulsed plasma beams generated in a Rod Plasma Injector (RPI). The use of high intensity plasma beams enabled the formation of a Y-enriched layer with a thickness of several hundreds of nanometres. A ferromagnetic semiconductor operating at room temperature with ferromagnetism (FM) controlled by an electronic system (charge carriers) is a dream of researchers interested in the development of spintronics. One of the possible ways to manufacture such a material is to implant a standard semiconductor or semiconducting compound with a transition metal (TM) and to remove the radiation induced crystallographic disorder by a suitable annealing technique. Zinc oxide doped with cobalt is a prospective material in which high temperature FM is predicted theoretically. FM was detected in ZnO but its interpretation is far from complete. The results of various groups are inconsistent with one another and depend to a great extend on the preparation technology. The origin of FM is claimed to be TM impurity-related, TM and intrinsic defect-related and even purely intrinsic defect-related. Recently we have focused our attention on novel magnetron sputtering (MS) technology. The matter is to use gas injection as a tool for initiating and effectively controlling the plasma generation process during the deposition of layers by magnetron sputtering (PMS GIMS - Gas Injection Magnetron Sputtering. The Impulse Plasma Deposition (IPD) technique is the only method of plasma surface engineering (among plasma- based technologies) which allows a synthesis of layers upon a cold unheated substrate and ensures good adhesion. We studied the plasma impacts upon a substrate surface during the IPD process [1,2]. In our experiment the substrate was exposed to pulsed N2/Al plasma streams during the synthesis of AlN layers. Application of optical emission spectroscopy was used to monitor the of phenomena which take place during the IPD synthesis of the layers, in particular the registration of the effects of pulsed plasma interactions with the substrate (sputtering / evapouration of coatings / substrates). A thin film Pb photocathode, planned to be used in a superconducting electron linac, has been prepared by high vacuum arc deposition using the compact deposition system constructed in late 2011. A 1μm thick film was deposited onto the back wall of a modified electron gun resonator. This film was 0.5 μm in thickness which is thicker than that prepared previously. It was expected to improve the injector performance. Our studies showed the advantage of plasma melting methods and led us to the conclusion that further optimization should be made with the use of two arc systems, and a post-processing method was used to optimize the thickness and smoothness of the cathodes. In 2013 the Plasma/Ion Beam Technology Division employed 21 persons, eight members constituted the scientific staff, four belonged to the research-technical staff, and the rest constituted the technical and administrative staff. Dr. Cezary Pochrybniak
74 Annual Report 2013
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talk
Beam dynamical simullations on superconducting cavity model T. Wasiewicz, J. Sekutowicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Staszczak XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
Optimization of gas injection condition during deposition of aln layers by novel reactive gims method K. Zdunek, K. Nowakowska-Langier, R. Chodun, J. Dora, S. Okrasa, E. Talik V Kongres Polskiego Towarzystwa Próżniowego (Poland, Kraków, 2013-09-12 - 2013-09-15) Materials Science-Poland Vol. 3 (2014) 1-5
Plasma as a Specific Environment for Nanomaterials Synthesis during Coatings Deposition K. Zdunek, K. Nowakowska-Langier, R. Chodun, S. Okrasa, M. Rabiński Invitation to 3rdAnnual World Congress of Nano Science & Technology (Nano S&T-2013) (China, Xi’an, 2013-09-26 – 2013-09-28)
Pb superconducting photocathodes, preparation and performance J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Barlak XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
Ion channeling study of defects in compound crystals using Monte Carlo simulations A. Turos, P. Jóźwik, L. Nowicki, N. Sathish 21st International Conference on Ion Beam Analysis (IBA 2013) (USA, Seattle, 2013-06-23 - 2013-06-28) Nucl. Instr. Meth. B (2013)
Pulsed plasma processes of surface engineering K. Zdunek, K. Nowakowska-Langier, R. Chodun, J. Dora, M. Rabiński 7-th Symposium on Vacuum based Science and Technology in conjunction with the 12-th Annual Meeting of the German Vacuum Society (DVG) (Poland, Kołobrzeg, 2013-11-19 - 2013-11-21) J. Phys. Conf. Ser. (in press)
Overview of Experimental Studies at DPF-1000 Performed by the NCBJ Team in 2013 M.J. Sadowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, K. Czaus, W. Surała, D. Załoga, M. Paduch, M. Kubkowska, M. Ladygina International Workshop on Dense Magnetized Plasmas (ICDMP-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-06 - 2013-09-07)
Oral Presentations
Formation of a surface layer with improved tribologfical properties on austenitic stainless steel by alloying with REE using HIPPB B. Sartowska, M. Barlak, L. Waliś, J. Senatorski, W. Starosta The 6th International Conference on Solidification and Gravity (Hungary, Miskolc, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-06)
Surface layer of austenitic stainless steel formed by alloying with REE using high intense pulsed plasma beams (HIPPB) B. Sartowska, M. Barlak, L. Waliś, J. Senatorski, W. Starosta V Ogólnopolskia Konferencja Naukowa - Nowoczesne Technologie w Inżynierii Powierzchni (Poland, Łódź-Spała, 2013- 09-18 - 2013-09-21), Inżynieria Materiałowa (in press)
Ramping of the Solaris Storage Ring Achromat A.I. Wawrzyniak, C.J. Bocchetta, D. Einfeld, R. Nietubyć 4th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 13) (China, Shanghai, 2013-05-12 – 2013-05-17)
Cathodoluminescence-Based Quantitative Analysis of Radiation Damage in Powellite Single Crystals I. Jozwik-Biala, J. Jagielski, G. Gawlik, P. Jóźwik, R. Ratajczak, G. Panczer, N. Moncoffre, N. Bererd, M. Swirkowicz Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 (USA, Indiana, 2013-08-04 - 2013-08-08), Microscopy and Microanalysis Vol. 19 No S2 (2013) 1108
Shape Optimization of a SRF Injector Cavity J.K. Sekutowicz, W.C. Grabowski, R. Nietubyć, T. Wasiewicz 4th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 13) (China, Shanghai, 2013-05-12 – 2013-05-17) Division of Plasma/Ion Beam Technology 75
Luminescence analysis of damage accumulation: case study of calcium molybdate J. Jagielski, R. Ratajczak, G. Gawlik, M. Swirkowicz, I. Jozwik-Biala, L. Thomé 21st International Conference on Ion Beam Analysis (IBA 2013) (USA, Seattle, 2013-06-23 - 2013-06-28) Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B (in press)
On Coatings Adhesion During the Impulse Plasma Deposition K. Nowakowska-Langier, R. Chodun, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, S. Okrasa, E. Składnik-Sadowska, M.J. Sadowski, K. Zdunek International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 – 2013- 09-06)
Cherenkov-Type Diagnostics of Fast Electrons within Tokamak Plasmas L. Jakubowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, K. Malinowski, M. Rabiński, M.J. Jakubowski, R. Mirowski International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06)
Sieciowe badania wieloznaczności wyrażenia komunikacja naukowa L. Nowicki Tekst naukowy wczoraj i dziś: wiedza język (dyskurs) - przekład naukowy (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-22)
Application of the intense pulsed plasma-ion beams for surface layer modification of zirconium alloy claddings for their corrosion resistance improving W. Starosta, M. Barlak, B. Sartowska, L. Waliś, C. Pochrybniak, A. Pieniążek Badania Materiałowe na potrzeby elektrowni i przemysłu energetycznego (Poland, Zakopane, 2013-06-19 - 2013-06-21)
Posters
High Temperature Properties of 316L Stainless Steeldoped with Yttrium Using Intense Pulsed Plasma Beams M. Barlak, Z. Werner, C. Pochrybniak, B. Sartowska, W. Starosta, L. Waliś, R. Ratajczak 18th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams (SMMIB-2013) (Turkey, Kusadasi, Izmir, 2013-09-15 - 2013-09-20)
Effect of temperature on properties of dielectric oxides obtained by Atomic Layer Deposition method S. Gierałtowska, Ł. Wachnicki, B.S. Witkowski, E. Guziewicz, A. Stonert, R. Ratajczak, M. Godlewski 42nd International School and Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors (Poland, Wisła, 2013-06-22 – 2013-06-27)
Deposition and optimization of thin lead layers for superconducting accelerator photocathodes J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Barlak, R. Mirowski, A. Bartnik, J. Kostecki, J. Sekutowicz, A. Malinowska, P. Kneisel, J. Witkowski International Conference PLASMA-2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-06), Phys. Scr. Vol. T161 (2014) 014071
Requirements and current status of photo-cathodes driving lasers for linear accelerators W. Grabowski, T. Wasiewicz, R. Nietubyć, J. Sekutowicz 10 Krajowe Sympozjum Użytkowników Promieniowania Synchrotronowego, KSUPS-10 (Poland, Stalowa Wola, 2013-09-09 – 2013-09-11)
Electron beam dynamics calculations for POLFEL linear accelerator T. Wasiewicz, W. Grabowski, K. Kosiński, R. Nietubyć, J. Sekutowicz, M. Staszczak 10 Krajowe Sympozjum Użytkowników Promieniowania Synchrotronowego, KSUPS-10 (Poland, Stalowa Wola, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11)
Optimization of thin-film superconducting lead photocathodes surface morphology at NCBJ in Świerk J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, R. Mirowski, M. Barlak, J. Sekutowicz, J. Witkowski 10 Krajowe Sympozjum Użytkowników Promieniowania Synchrotronowego, KSUPS-10 (Poland, Stalowa Wola, 2013-09-09 – 2013-09-11)
Monte Carlo simulations of backscattering process in dislocation-containing SrTiO3 single crystal P. Jóźwik, N. Sathish, L. Nowicki, J. Jagielski, A. Turos, L. Kovarik, B. Arey 17th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-2013) (Finland, Helsinki, 2013-06-30 - 2013-07-05) Nucl. Instr. Meth. B (2013)
76 Annual Report 2013
Computational modelling of discharges within Impulse Plasma Deposition accelerator with gas valve M. Rabiński, R. Chodun, K. Nowakowska-Langier, K. Zdunek International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06), Phys Scripta T Vol. T161 (2014) 014049
Principle of calibration of the simple calorimeter for nuclear heating measurements in MARIA reactor and transposition to the case of JHR reactor M. Tarchalski, K. Pytel, P. Siréta, A. Lyoussi, J. Jagielski, C. Reynard-Carette, C. Gonnier, G. Bignan International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications - ANIMMA (France, Marseille, 2013-06-23 - 2013-06-27)
Channeled PIXE and magnetic measurements in Co implanted and thermally annealed ZnO Z. Werner, R. Ratajczak, J. Gosk, M. Barlak, C. Pochrybniak, Q. Zhao 18th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams (SMMIB-2013) (Turkey, Kusadasi, Izmir, 2013-09-15 - 2013-09-20), Appl. Surf. Sci. (in press)
Stoichiometry and unintentional doping of ZnO films grown at low temperature E. Guziewicz, A. Stonert, R. Ratajczak, T.A. Krajewski, G. Luka, L. Wachnicki, M. Godlewski, R. Jakiela, W. Lisowski, J.W. Sobczak, M. Krawczyk, A. Jabloński 42nd International School and Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors (Poland, Wisła, 2013-06-22 - 2013-06-27)
INTERNAL SEMINARS
ASTRA and ACE3P calculations on superconductingcavity modelb T. Wasiewicz Otwock, Poland, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 2013-04-24
How to analyze Big Data?b T. Wasiewicz Otwock, Poland, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 2013-11-27
b) in English
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
K. Nowakowska-Langier Laboratory of Solid State Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering
R. Ratajczak X edition of "Entrepreneurship Day". Project covered by the patronage of the President of Poland Bronislaw Komorowski "Entrepreneurship Day" project is conducive to young people making the right decisions in planning further educational and career path.
A. Turos "Defect processes and thermally activated
defect transformations in ion implanted AlxGa1-xN epitaxial layers"
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
J. Jagielski Member of the Scientific Council Member of the SCientific Council of SLCJ
R. Nietubyć Polish Synchrotron Radiation Society Division of Plasma/Ion Beam Technology 77
K. Nowakowska-Langier Polish Synchrotron Radiation Society (PSRS)
C. Pochrybniak Member Polish Solar Energy Society Member Polish Photovoltaics Society Chairman of Economics Council Institute of Atomic Energy Polatom
A. Turos Member of the Materials Research Society Member of Boehmische Physical Society
K. Zdunek European Joint Committee on Plasma and Ion Surface Engineering (EJC PISE) Faculty of Materials Science, Warsaw University of Technology
PERSONNEL
Marek Barlak, Dr. Bogdan Staszkiewicz Jacek Jagielski, Professor Grzegorz Strzelecki, M.Eng. Krzysztof Gniadek Andrzej Trembicki Stanisław Karpisz Tomasz Wasiewicz, M.Sc. Ewa Kowalska Zbigniew Werner, Professor Mirosław Kuk Andrzej Wiraszka Robert Mirowski, M.Eng. Jan Witkowski Robert Nietubyć, Dr. Woźnica Magdalena, M.Sc. Katarzyna Nowakowska-Langier, Dr. Jerzy Zagórski Cezary Pochrybniak, Dr. Krzysztof, Zdunek Professor
78 Annual Report 2013
Department of Fundamental Research 79
3. DEPARTMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH
Director of Department: Professor Grzegorz Wilk phone: +48 22 5532226 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The scientific activity of DBP in 2013 is presented in detail in the sections devoted to its four Divisions: the Nuclear Physics Division (BP1), Theoretical Physics Division (BP2), High Energy Physics Division (BP3) and Cosmic Ray Physics Division (BP4). Here I shall present only a short overview referring to the specialized sections presented by the Divisions for details and further references. The main results selected as achievements of the whole Institute to be presented to a broad public are attached separately. They are: - The Higgs boson mass and 1 TeV higgsino dark matter in SUSY by the BAYESFIT group led by Prof. L. Roszkowski from BP2; - The search for CP violation asymmetries in three-body decays of charm mesons in the LHCb experiment by Prof. M. Szczekowski and dr A. Ukleja from BP3 (both are members of the LHC-b experiment at CERN). The Nuclear Physics Division (BP1) concentrated on low energy nuclear physics (mostly in collaboration with theHeavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw), high energy nuclear physics (connected with the Hermes collaboration at the Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) in Hamburg and with the large-scale international collaboration PANDA in the FAIR project) and on materials science and its applications (with special emphasis on the coherent description of radiation damage buildup for compound materials). Actually, this group will move in 2014 to the Materials Physics Department (DFM) of NCBJ. The Hermes collaboration will finish its formal existence at the end of 2014 and it is planned that already in the middle of 2014 its members will reinforce our COMPASS collaboration group in BP3. To reinforce the nuclear physics studies in BP1, NCBJ hired (initially for one year but with the possibility for an indefinite contract) dr Henryk Mach from Sweden as a visiting professor. It is planned that in 2014 he should take over BP1 as its leader. In addition, two nuclear physicists from the Department of Nuclear Techniques & Equipment (DTJ) have moved to BP1. The most important achievement of BP1 in 2013 was work by N. Keeley on Limited Asymmetry Dependence of Correlations from Single Nucleon Transfers published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 (2013) 122503. The Theoretical Physics Department (BP2), working in close collaboration with experimental groups in CERN, GSI, Kamiokande and Frascatti and in collaborations with the Universities of Warsaw, Kielce, Paris, Liege, London and such institutes as PAN, CERN, GSI, JINR, RIKEN, concentrated on the following subjects: properties of heavy and superheavy nuclei; properties of nuclear matter and nuclear collisions; exotic atoms; phenomenology of collisions of hadrons and leptons; cosmology, nonlinear effects in extended media and the Bayesian approach to multi-parameter problems in physics and beyond. In all of them interesting results were achieved. The work by the Bayesian group was already mentioned above as one of the two main achievements of NCBJ in 2013. In addition to this, one should also mention two other outstanding pieces of work (of only slightly less importance) performed in BP2, namely: M. Kowal and J. Skalski on Eight-dimensional calculations of the third barrier in 232Th published in Phys. Rev. C87 (2013) 044308 (and selected by the editors of PRC as an Editors’ Suggestion) and L. Szymanowski on Confronting Mueller-Navelet jets in NLL BFKL with LHC experiments at 7 TeV published in JHEP 1305 (2013) 096. In 2013 BP2 obtained one new collaborator (from DTJ) working in nuclear physics and one in nonlinear physics. The High Energy Physics Division`s (BP3) activities concentrated mostly on the LHC experiments ALICE, CMS, and LHCb and on neutrino physics. Because of the scheduled shutdown of LHC accelerator no new data were collected, all groups analyzed previously taken data (what resulted in a numer of valuable results presented in many publications) and very actively participated in upgrading their detectors. The most important for the CMS group was the final confirmation of discovery of the Higgs boson mentioned in 2012. In what concerns our LHC-b group it must be mentioned (and stressed) that it has finally published the collaboration (Phys. Lett B Vol. 721 (2013) 24). It was chosen as one of the two biggest achievements of NCBJ in 2013, as mentioned before. As for ALICE group, the first measurements of the so called direct photons produced in collision processes should be noticed. Interesting results were also obtained also by groups connected with the COMPASS experiment in CERN and by the WASA detector group. Special emphasis should be put on the work of our Neutrino Physics group performer in the frame of K2K collaboration, the most important experiment in the neutrino research at present. In this respect the nomination
80 Annual Report 2013 of dr J. Łagoda from NCBJ as coordinator of one of the key analysis must be noticed. Also one must notice the syccessful observation of the υe appearance (Phys. Rev. D Vol. 88 (2013) 032002), and the precise measurement of the so called 23 mixing angle (Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 211803), which are the one of the critical milestones for the future progres on the neutrino physics research. The Astrophysics Section participated in several international projects like VIPERS or the Pi of the Sky Project. The Cosmic Ray Physics Division (BP4) was mainly involved in research on high energy Cosmic Rays (their nature, sources and interactions with the Earth) in collaboration with the KASKADE-Grande experiment (which has finished data-taking but is still working on their interpretation). Work with the JEM-EUSO collaboration preparing a new experiment based on the International Space Station has continued. The main achievement of BP4 in 2013 was the completion (and successful transfer to the collaboration) of the special power supply unit to be used in the pilot EUSO-Balloon experiment to be launched soon. The BP4 group is also participating in the preparation of an experiment with the satellite gamma ray detector POLAR which will measure the X-ray polarisation from Gamma Ray Bursts.
Prof. Grzegorz Wilk
Division of Nuclear Physics 81
DIVISION OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Head of Division: Dr. Bohdan Mariański phone: +48 22 5532292 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
Our scientific activities in 2013 concentrated on three subjects: low energy nuclear physics, high energy nuclear physics, and materials science.
• The low energy nuclear reactions group continued its various international collaborations during 2013, working with groups from CEA Saclay (funded by a COPIGAL grant), IPN Orsay and LPC Caen in France, INFN Padova/Legnaro and INFN Catania in Italy, The University of Ioannina in Greece and The Open University in the United Kingdom. A total of seven articles in refereed journals plus three contributions to conference proceedings were published by members of the group. Highlights include an article in Physical Review Letters, F. Flavigny et al., “Limited Asymmetry Dependence of Correlations from Single Nucleon Transfer,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 (2013) 122503 and the successful defence by Dr. I. Strojek of her thesis, “Projectile structure effects in reactions induced by 20Ne”.
• In September 2013 the Fast Timing research group was created, headed by prof. H. Mach. The group intends to study low energy nuclear structure by means of ultra fast time-delayed spectroscopy. The group has joined the FATIMA collaboration utilizing this technique in basic research and the ASTARTE collaboration which utilizes time-delayed methods in medical applications, namely in the development of Time-of-Flight - Positron Emission Tomography (TOF-PET). Moreover, the group is part of the IDS collaboration building a new experimental station at ISOLDE at CERN. Two experimental proposals on fast timing were approved by the ISOLDE programme committee to be run in 2014: the international collaboration IS579, with a key role played by the BP1 group, will measure quadrupole and octupole degrees of freedom in neutron-rich 150,151Ba, while IS590 will probe nature of the 0+ and 2+ states in 68Ni.
• The group involved in the Hermes collaboration at the Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) in Hamburg has continued the analysis of Spin Density Matrix Elements and ω vector meson production and ρ meson production on N, Ne, Kr, and Xe targets. Preliminary results were presented at the DIS 2013 conference in Marseille and INPC 2013 in Florence. A draft of a paper on ω vector meson production is in preparation. The results indicate a large contribution from unnatural parity exchange processes. The same group is continuing an analysis of Δ resonance decayinto the lepton pair +e –e at the WASA experiment. The angular distribution of the decay products of the virtual photon is studied in order to establish the polarization states of the photon.
• Prof. B. Zwięgliński and dr D. Melnychuk are involved in the large-scale international collaboration PANDA (antiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt) in the FAIR project. In 2013 their activity concentrated on simulation of particle tracking, emitted in the forward direction, with the GEM detector (gas-electron multiplier) and planning and construction of the slow control system for the hydrogen jet target for the PANDA detector. (in collaboration with Ing. A. Chłopik from department TJ-4 of NCBJ).
• The Microanalysis Group was involved in the following topics in materials research: - characterization of single crystals and epitaxial layers of modern semiconductor materials using Ion Beam Analysis - study of the mechanism of defect formation and transformations in ion bombarded crystals - development of the Monte Carlo simulation code McChasy for ion channelling.
Materials studied are modern materials for electronics like ZnO and TiO2, and nuclear materials like powellite CaMoO4. Additional financial support has been granted for four research projects: 1. Project SPIRIT TNA-207 in collaboration with KUL (Belgium): cPIXE and cRBS studies of transition metal implanted and plasma pulse annealed compound semiconductors.
82 Annual Report 2013
RBS/C, and C/PIXE investigations of ZnO, and GaN samples implanted with Co and Mn ions were performed for determination of dopant atom concentration and their lattice location. 2. Project SPIRIT TNA-213: collaboration with HZDR (Germany): Investigation of the mechanism of defect accumulation in Ar irradiated ZnO. 3. Project ZNOLUM in the framework of the PBS (NCBiR) series: Light emitting ZnO photonic structures implanted with RE ions. It is carried out by a consortium of three institutes (IF PAN, NCBJ and ITME) with the aim to develop modern and inexpensive white light sources. 4. NCBJ young scientist project (P. Jóźwik): Defect transformations in Ar-ion bombarded ZnO. From 01.01.2014 the Microanalysis Group was transferred to the Division of Plasma Ion Beam Technology in the Departments of Materials Science.
Dr. Bohdan Mariański
Division of Nuclear Physics 83
REPORT
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Annual Report 2012 N. Keeley, K. Kurek NCBJ, ISSN 2299-2960(2013)
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
(p,t) transfer reactions studied within the CRC framework N. Keeley Nuclear pair correlation probed via proton-induced transfer and knock-out reactions, Workshop of the Espace de Structure Nucléaire Théorique (France, Gif-sur-Yvette, 2013-02-06 - 2013-02-08)
Ion channeling study of defects in compound crystals using Monte Carlo simulations A. Turos, P. Jóźwik, L. Nowicki, N. Sathish 21st International Conference on Ion Beam Analysis (IBA 2013) (USA, Seattle, 2013-06-23 - 2013-06-28) Nucl. Instr. Meth. B (2013)
Barrier height distributions – the influence of weak channels A. Trzcińska, E. Piasecki, W. Czarnacki, N. Keeley, M. Kisieliński, K. Rusek, I. Strojek, XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 (2014) 383
Calculations of the cross sections for synthesis of new 293-296118 isotopes in the 249-252Cf(48Ca,xn) reactions K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, T. Cap, M. Kowal, J. Wilczyński XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics - Frontiers in Nuclear Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07)
Oral Presentations
Exclusive electroproduction of vector mesons in lepto-nucleon scattering at the HERMES experiment W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański Hadron Structure 13 (Slovakia, Tatranké Matliare, 2013-06-30 - 2013-07-04) Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Sup. Vol. 245 (2013) 207
Latest results from the HERMES experiment. C. VanHulse, W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański EPS – HEP 2013 (Sweden, Stockholm, 2013-07-18 – 2013-07-24)
Cathodoluminescence-Based Quantitative Analysis of Radiation Damage in Powellite Single Crystals I. Jozwik-Biala, J. Jagielski, G. Gawlik, P. Jóźwik, R. Ratajczak, G. Panczer, N. Moncoffre, N. Bererd, M. Swirkowicz Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 (USA, Indiana, 2013-08-04 - 2013-08-08) Microscopy and Microanalysis Vol. 19 No S2 (2013) 1108
Re-evaluation of the parton distribution of strange quarks in the nucleon H.E. Jackson, W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański XXI International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects - DIS 2013 (France, Marsylia, 2013-04-22 - 2013-04-26), Proceedings of Science Vol. 1 (2013) 056
Distribution of Micronuclei in Cells Irradiated by Gamma Radiation and Carbon or Neon Ions with High Let J. Czub, D. Banaś, J. Braziewicz, I. Buraczewska, J. Choiński, M. Jaskóła, A. Korman, U. Kaźmierczak, A. Lankoff, H. Lisowska, Z. Szefliński, A. Wójcik 40th Annual Meeting of the European Radiation Research Society (Ireland, Dublin, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-05) Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy (in press)
Fast timing studies of collective and single-particle features near 78Ni I. Gheorghe, R. Lica, B. Olaizola, V. Paziy, L.M. Fraile, D.G. Ghita, U. Koster, H. Mach, N. Marginean, A. Poves, G.S. Simpson ISOLDE Workshop 2013 (Switzerland, Geneva, CERN, 2013-11-25 - 2013-11-27)
Volidation of the Warsaw Cyclotron for Radiobiological Research U. Kaźmierczak, D. Banaś, J. Braziewicz, J. Choiński, J. Czub, M. Jaskóła, A. Korman, M. Kruszewski, A. Lankoff, H. Lisowska, A. Malinowska, Z. Szefliński, M. Wojewódźka XVI Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Badań Radiacyjnych (Poland, Białowieża, 2013-09-23 - 2013-09-26)
84 Annual Report 2013
Probing the symmetry energy at low density using observables from neck fragmentation mechanism E. DeFilippo, ... , E. Piasecki, J. Wilczyński International Nuclear Physics Conference (Italy, Firenze, 2013-06-02 - 2013-06-07)
Spin Density Matrix Elements in exclusive production of ω mesons at Hermes B. Mariański, W. Augustyniak, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański International Nuclear Physics Conference (Italy, Florence, 2013-06-02 - 2013-06-07) EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 66 (2014) 06012
Different modes of partitioning of the 197Au + 197Au system at 23A MeV beam energy T. Cap, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, I. Skwira-Chalot, J. Wilczyński XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics - Frontiers in Nuclear Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07)
Transfer-reemission processes in the 197Au + 197Au reaction at 23 MeV/nucleon bombarding energy T. Cap, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, I. Skwira-Chalot, J. Wilczyński 20th Nuclear Physics Workshop (Poland, Kazimierz Dolny, 2013-09-25 - 2013-09-29)
Spin Density Matrix Elements in hard exclusive electroproduction of ω mesons B. Mariański, A. Terkulov, W. Augustyniak, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański XXI International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects - DIS 2013 (France, Marsylia, 2013-04-22 - 2013-04-26), Proceedings of Science Vol. 1 (2013) 222
Posters
Monte Carlo simulations of backscattering process in dislocation-containing SrTiO3 single crystal P. Jóźwik, N. Sathish, L. Nowicki, J. Jagielski, A. Turos, L. Kovarik, B. Arey 17th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-2013) (Finland, Helsinki, 2013-06-30 - 2013-07-05) Nucl. Instr. Meth. B (2013)
WASA-at-COSY Recent Results M. Berłowski, A. Kupść, A. Nawrot, P. Marciniewski, D. Pszczel, J. Stepaniak, J. Zabierowski, W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Analysis of the biological response in CHO-K1 cells to high LET radiation U. Kaźmierczak, D. Banaś, J. Braziewicz, I. Buraczewska, J. Czub, M. Jaskóła, Ł. Kaźmierczak, A. Korman, M. Kruszewski, A. Lankoff, H. Lisowska, M. Nesteruk, Z. Szefliński XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics - Frontiers in Nuclear Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 (2014) 553
Multidimensional Hadron Attenuation G. Karyan, I. Lehmann, B. Mariański, W. Augustyniak, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański International Nuclear Physics Conference (Italy, Florence, 2013-06-02 - 2013-06-07) EPJ Web of Conferences (in press)
Study of resolution of the PANDA GEM detector with Garfield D. Melnychuk, B. Voss, B. Zwięgliński 11th International Conference on Low Energy Antiproton Physics (LEAP2013) (Sweden, Uppsala, 2013-06-10 - 2013-06- 15), Hyperfine Interact. (in press)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Kinemetical dependences of SDMEs in exclusive ω production on proton and deuteron (release report)b B. Mariański Hamburg, DESY, 2013-02-27
Appendix A to φ meson analysisb W. Augustyniak Hamburg , DESY , 2013-10-15
Appendix B to φ meson analysisb W. Augustyniak Hamburg, DESY, 2013-10-16
b) in English Division of Nuclear Physics 85
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
H. Mach co-promotor of the Ph.D. thesis by Bruno Olaizola Mampaso, title: "Ultra-fast timing study of exotic neutron-rich Fe isotopes" defended on September 20-th, 2013 at the Department of Physics University of Complutense in Madrid, Spain.
B. Mariański - Lectures of statistic and econometry in WSZ-SW.
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
J. Wilczyński Member of the Scientific Council of the National Centre for Nuclear Research in Otwock-Świerk
P. Żuprański Member of the Scientific Council of the HERMES Collaboration at DESY
B. Zwięgliński Coordination Board of the PANDA Detector activities, SINS representative representative of NCBJ, National Consortium FEMTOPHYSICS
PERSONNEL
Research scientists Witold Augustyniak, Dr. Renata Ratajczak, Dr Andrzej Bieńkowski, Dr. on leave Ewa Ruchowska, Dr from March 1 Marian Jaskóła, Professor 1/10* Krzysztof Rusek, Professor on leave Nicholas Keeley, Assoc. Prof. Anna Stonert, Dr. Andrzej Korman, Dr. Izabela Strojek, Dr. Henryk Mach, Professor from Sept. 1 Andrzej Trzciński, Dr. Bohdan Mariański, Dr. Andrzej Turos, Professor 3/5* Dmytro Melnychuk, Dr. Janusz Wilczyński, Professor from March 1 Hans Peter Morsch, Dr. on leave Bogusław Zwięgliński, Professor 1/10* Lech Nowicki, Dr. 1/2* Paweł Żuprański, Assoc. Prof. 1/10* Ernest Piasecki, Professor. 1/10*
PhD students Przemysław Jóźwik, MSc.
Technical and administrative staff Dorota Dobrowolska Ryszard Kacprzak 1/5* Grażyna Kęsik, Eng.
Wiesław Pietrzak 1/5* Zbigniew Szczepaniak Władysław Mielczarek 1/5*
* part-time employee
86 Annual Report 2013
Division of Theoretical Physics 87
DIVISION OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS
Head of Division: Dr. Michał Kowal phone: +48 22 5532236 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Theoretical Physics Department consists of 30 physicists and 5 PhD students working on different aspects of low & high energy, plasma & nonlinear physics as well as on general problems of quantization of particle dynamics, on astrophysics and cosmology. Close collaboration with experimental groups in CERN (COMPASS and ALICE) and in other laboratories (GSI, DUBNA, GANIL) should also be mentioned. Results of our scientific activity in 2013 were presented in 190 publications (including the ALICE & COMPASS colaborations). Our results were also presented at numerous seminars of all types in Poland and abroad. Our research concentrated on: - properties of heavy and superheavy nuclei - properties of nuclear matter and nuclear collisions - exotic atoms - phenomenology of collisions of hadrons and leptons - cosmology - nonlinear effects in extended media. - Bayesian approach to multi-parameter problems in physics and beyond.
Of special relevance and interest in 2013 are the following: - Some exact solutions to the Lighthill Whitham Richards Payne traffic flow equations. - Bayesian implications of current LHC supersymmetry and dark matter detection searches for constrained MSSM. - Examination of hyper-deformation in actinide nuclei. - Quantum states of the bouncing universe. - Evaluation of masses & fission barriers of heaviest nuclei. - Evolution in bouncing quantum cosmology. - Studies of exclusive production processes of elementary particles within QCD factororization. - Timelike and spacelike deeply virtual Compton scattering at next-to-leading order - Q-scaling in high energy production processes. Collaborations with several universities and institutes have been maintained (e.g. the Universities of Warsaw, Kielce, Paris, Liege, London and institutes like: PAN, CERN, GSI, GANIL, JINR, RIKEN).
Dr. Michał Kowal
88 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Annual Report 2012 N. Keeley, K. Kurek NCBJ, ISSN 2299-2960(2013)
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Superheavy nuclei – predictions of structure and stability M. Kowal, J. Skalski, P. Jachimowicz Quantitative Large Amplitude Shape Dynamics: fission and heavy ion fusion (USA, Seattle, 2013-09-23 – 2013-10-21)
On the importance of gluon contribution to timelike and spacelike DVCS H. Moutarde, B. Pire, F. Sabatie, L. Szymanowski, J. Wagner XXI International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects - DIS 2013 (France, Marsylia, 2013-04-22 - 2013-04-26)
Pętlowy wszechświat w erze Plancka J. Mielczarek XLII Zjazd Fizyków Polskich (Poland, Poznań, 2013-09-08 – 2013-09-13)
Superheavy nuclei - predictions on their structure & stability W. Brodziński, P. Jachimowicz, M. Kowal, L. Próchniak, J. Skalski 20th Nuclear Physics Workshop (Poland, Kazimierz Dolny, 2013-09-25 - 2013-09-29)
Mueller-Navelet jets at LHC: a clean test of QCD resummation effects at high energy ? B. Ducloue, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon XXI International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects – DIS 2013 (France, Marsylia, 2013-04-22 – 2013-04-26)
Two ultimate tests of constrained supersymmetry K. Kowalska, L. Roszkowski, E. Sessolo Theory Meeting Experiment 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-10 - 2013-06-12)
Astrobiological complexity J. Mielczarek Biological Complexity in Cracow (Poland, Kraków, 2013-05-10 - 2013-05-12)
Superheavy nuclei – predictions on their structure & stability W. Brodziński, P. Jachimowicz, M. Kowal, L. Prochniak, J. Skalski XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics – Frontiers in Nuclear Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 – 2013-09-07)
Status of constrained SUSY in light of LHC data L. Roszkowski, K. Kowalska, S. Munir, E. Sessolo, Y. Tsai, S. Trojanowski, A. Fowlie, M. Kazana PLANCK 2013 (Germany, Bonn, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-24)
Superheavy nuclei – predictions on their structure and stability W. Brodziński, P. Jachimowicz, M. Kowal, L. Próchniak, J. Skalski Fission 2013 (France, Caen, 2013-05-28 – 2013-05-31)
TeV-Scale SUSY – What Now? L. Roszkowski LHC -- The first part of the journey (USA, Santa Barbara, 2013-07-08 - 2013-07-14)
Superheavy nuclei – their structure and stability W. Brodziński, P. Jachimowicz, M. Kowal, L. Próchniak, J. Skalski Symposium in honour of Paul-Henri Heenen (Belgium, Bruksela, 2013-10-31 – 2013-10-31)
Some lessons from Higgs boson and other LHC results for new physics L. Roszkowski Cracow Epiphany Conference 2013 (Poland, Cracow, 2013-01-07 - 2013-01-09)
Division of Theoretical Physics 89
DIS/SIDIS results review K. Kurek QCD Landscape of the Nucleon and Atomic Nuclei -Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Summer Program 2013 (USA, Berkeley, 2013-08-12 - 2013-08-16)
Nucleon-to-pion transition distribution amplitudes: a challenge for PANDA B. Pire, K. Semenov-Tian-Shansky, L. Szymanowski The Light-cone 2013 Conference (Greece, Skiathos, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-24) Few Body Syst. (2013)
Are current LHC data really a problem for constrained SUSY? L. Roszkowski Rencontres de Moriond QCD and High Energy Interactions (Italy, La Thuile, 2013-03-09 - 2013-03-16)
Collider and dark matter signatures of the MSSM E. Sessolo Theory Meeting Experiment 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-10 - 2013-06-12)
Review of longitudinal spin physics K. Kurek IWHSS 2013 International Workshop on Hadron Structure and Spectroscopy 2013 (Germany, Erlangen, 2013-07-22 - 2013-07-24)
Can one use Mueller-navelet jets at LHC as a clean test of QCD resummation effects at high-energies ? B. Ducloue, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon The International Workshop on Low-x Physics (Israel, Rehovot/Eilat, 2013-05-30 – 2013-06-04)
Implications of Higgs discovery and other recent data for SUSY L. Roszkowski Probing the Standard Model and New Physics at Low and High Energies (Slovenia, Portoroz, 2013-04-14 - 2013-04-18)
Theoretical analysis of the decay chain of the nucleus 287115 A. Sobiczewski 20th Nuclear Physics Workshop (Poland, Kazimierz Dolny, 2013-09-25 - 2013-09-29) Phys. Scr. Vol. 89 No 054014 (2014)
Dark Matter L. Roszkowski Astrofizyka Czastek w Polsce (Poland, Cracow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
High energy rho meson leptoproduction A. Besse, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon Internationa Workshop on Low x Physics (Israel, Rehovot/Eilat, 2013-05-30 - 2013-06-04)
On possible origins of power-law distributions G. Wilk, Z. Włodarczyk International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics (ICNAAM 2013) (Greece, Rodos, 2013-09-21 - 2013-09-27, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 1558 (2013) 893
Evidence for high-energy resummation effects in Mueller-Navelet jets at the LHC B. Ducloue, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon Internationa Workshop on Low x Physics (Israel, Rehovot/Eilat, 2013-05-30 – 2013-06-04)
Timelike vs spacelike DVCS from JLab, COMPASS to ultraperipheral collisions and AFTER@LHC H. Moutarde, B. Pire, F. Sabatie, L. Szymanowski, J. Wagner Internationa Workshop on Low x Physics (Israel, Rehovot/Eilat, 2013-05-30 - 2013-06-04)
Observation of bound states in decay channel S. Wycech II International Symposium on Mesic Nuclei (Poland, Krakow, 2013-09-22 - 2013-09-25)
Double logarithms resummation in exclusive processes: the surprising behaviour of DVCS T. Altinoluk, B. Pire, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon International Workshop on Low x Physics (Israel, Rehovot/Eilat, 2013-05-30 - 2013-06-04)
90 Annual Report 2013
Calculations of the cross sections for synthesis of new 293-296118 isotopes in the 249-252Cf (48Ca,xn) reactions K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, T. Cap, M. Kowal, J. Wilczyński XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics - Frontiers in Nuclear Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07)
A model for high energy rho meson leptoproduction based on collinear factorization and dipole models A. Besse, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon XXI International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects - DIS 2013 (France, Marsylia, 2013-04-22 - 2013-04-26)
Oral Presentations
Two ultimate tests of constrained supersymmetry K. Kowalska, L. Roszkowski, E. Sessolo PLANCK 2013 (Germany, Bonn, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-24)
Next-to-leading order analysis of DVCS and TCS H. Moutarde, B. Pire, F. Sabatie, L. Szymanowski, J. Wagner 25th International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC 2013) (Italy, Firenze, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-07)
From cosmology to deformed Poincare algebra and back again J. Mielczarek II Postgraduate Meeting On Theoretical Physics (Spain, Madryt, 2013-10-09 - 2013-10-11)
The gluon contributions to timelike and spacelike DVCS J. Wagner, H. Moutarde, B. Pire, F. Sabatie, L. Szymanowski The 2013 Fall Meeting of the Division of Nuclear Physics of the American Physical Society (USA, Newport News, 2013-10-23 - 2013-10-26)
Approximate Likelihood Functions for SUSY (LHC Searches) E. Sessolo MC4BSM Workshop (Germany, Hamburg, 2013-04-17 - 2013-04-20)
Gluon contributions to timelike and spacelike DVCS J. Wagner, H. Moutarde, B. Pire, F. Sabatie, L. Szymanowski Physics Opportunities at an ElecTron-Ion Collider workshop (Finland, Jyväskylä, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-05)
The MSSM with DM constraints after the LHC 8 TeV run E. Sessolo PLANCK 2013 (Germany, Bonn, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-24)
Relativistic Hard Scattering and Tsallis Fits to pT Spectra in pp collisions at LHC C-Y. Wong, G. Wilk The International Workshop on Low-x Physics (Israel, Rehovot/Eilat, 2013-05-30 - 2013-06-04)
Surprisingly Close Tsallis Fits to High Transverse Momentum Hadrons Produced at LHC G. Wilk, C.-Y. Wong WPCF2013–IX Workshop on Particle Correlations and Femtoscopy (Italy, Acireale (Catania), 2013-11-05 - 2013-11-08)
Schrödinger equations with Tsallis entropy– not very new nonlinear equations P. Goldstein 6th Symposium on Integrable Systems (Poland, Białystok, 2013-06-27 - 2013-06-28)
Asymptotic silence in quantum gravity J. Mielczarek EFI winter conference on canonical and covariant LQG (Austria, Tux, 2013-02-25 - 2013-03-01)
Asymptotic silence in quantum gravity J. Mielczarek The 20th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (GR20) and the 10th Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves (Amaldi10) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-07-07 - 2013-07-13)
Division of Theoretical Physics 91
Posters
Emergent ΛCDM model from Brans-Dicke theory O. Hrycyna, M. Szydłowski 20th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-07-07 - 2013-07-13)
Application of the two-channel maximum entropy method to the reocnstruction of spin density distribution of Gd M. Pylak, L. Dobrzyński Gordon Conference: Electron distribution & chemical bonding. (Switzerland, Les Diableres, 2013-06-02 - 2013-06-07)
Ab-initio investigation of electronic and magnetic structure of Cr3Si with ferromagnetic dopants M. Pylak, A. Go, L. Dobrzyński, Joint European Magnetic Symposia: JEMS2013 (Greece, Rodos, 2013-08-25 - 2013-08-30)
Badania ab-initio wpływu domieszek ferromagnetycznych na strukturę elektronową i magnetyczną stopu Cr3Si M. Pylak, A. Go, L. Dobrzyński, 42 Zjazd Fizyków Polskich (Poland, Poznań, 2013-09-08 - 2013-09-13)
Upper hybrid turbulence and resonant absorption ofhigh-power laser light by underdense plasma P. Goldstein International Conference PLASMA-2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-06) Phys. Scr. Vol. T 161 (2014) 014019
Wavelet Quantum Cosmology P. Małkiewicz 20th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-07-07 - 2013-07-13)
Reducing phase space of the Bianchi IX model E. Czuchry 20th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-07-07 - 2013-07-13)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Wavelet quantum cosmologyb P. Małkiewicz Warsaw, University of Warsaw, Physics Department, 2013-02-22
Blessings and Curses on Supersymmetryb L. Roszkowski Warsaw, Warsaw University, 2013-06-06
From cosmology to deformed Poincare algebra and back againb J. Mielczarek Wroclaw, Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, 2013-06-11
Higher order correlation functions in systems of ultracold atomsa P. Ziń Department of Mathematical Methods in Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 2013-10-10
Higher order correlation functions in systems of ultracold atomsb P. Ziń Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 2013-10-25
Higgs boson, or bosons, and some related mattersb L. Roszkowski Astronomical Observatory of Warsaw University, Warsaw, 2013-10-29
Understanding the nucleon\’s structure.Struktura nukleonu w swietle nowych wynikow doswiadczalnych i teoretycznychb K. Kurek Warsaw University, Warsaw, 2013-11-22
Wavelet Quantum Cosmologyb P. Małkiewicz Paris, France, Diderot University 7, APC, 2013-05-16
92 Annual Report 2013
Supersymmetry and Dark Matter after LHC8TeV and Future Prospectsb L. Roszkowski Oviedo, University of Oviedo, 2013-10-18
Timelike and Spacelike DVCS – Structure and Importance of NLO Correctionsb J. Wagner Newport News, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 2013-10-28
DVCS - NLO contribution in spacelike and timelike casesb J. Wagner Geneva, CERN, 2013-11-19
Wandering in the Planck epochb J. Mielczarek Stockholm, NORDITA, 2013-11-28
Strange Hadronic Resonancesb S. Wycech Munich, Munich University Cluster, 2013-06-10
a) in Polish b) in English
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Quantum states of the Universea J. Mielczarek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-01-08
AdS/CFT and the dynamics of Yang-Mills Plasmab M. Spaliński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-02-26
Dynamical system approach to the Brans-Dicke cosmologya O. Hrycyna National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-03-05
Implications of Higgs boson discovery and other LHC data for SUSY - A theorist\'s perspectiveb L. Roszkowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, and UW, 2013-03-22
The origin and meaning of the Hamiltonian constraint in gravitya P. Małkiewicz National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-04-23
Two-body correlation function of atoms scattered in the collision of Bose-Einstein condensates: theory and experiment.b P. Ziń Warsaw, Theoretical Physics Division, NCBJ, 2013-10-08
Understanding the nucleon\'s spin structureb K. Kurek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-11-12
a) in Polish b) in English
Division of Theoretical Physics 93
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
J. Dąbrowski - Co-organizer of the NCBJ/UW seminar THEORY OF ATOMIC NUCLEI
K. Kurek - Lecture given for PhD students in NCBJ: Elements of Qunatum Mechanics and Qunatum Field Theory K. Kurek - Promotor of PhD student. Search for Sivers effect on gluons in data collected on transversely polarised target in COMPASS experiment
A. Sobiczewski - Seminar on the theory of atomic nucleus, jointly with Prof. Janusz Dąbrowski (NCBJ) and Prof. Stanisław G. Rohoziński (Warsaw University)
M. Spaliński - My grad student from the Univ. of Wrocław, Jakub Jankowski, was awarded his doctoral degree on June 30th.
L. Szymanowski - Adrien Besse, Hard exclusive processes with subleading twist, NCBJ/LPT Orsay
L. Szymanowski – Bertrand , LPT Orsay, Phenomenology of Low x processes at LHC
L. Szymanowski - Renaud Boussarie, LPT Orsay
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
E. Czuchry member of Polish Society of Relativity
J. Dąbrowski Fellow of the American Physical Society Acta Physica Polonica B, Member of the International Editorial Council of Acta Physica Polonica B
P. Goldstein member of the American Mathematical Society member of the Polish Physical Society
E. Infeld fellow of the Institute of Physics, London, UK fellow Journal of Technical Physics, member of the Editorial Board of Journal of Technical Physics Institute of Fundamental Technical Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
K. Kurek Member of Organizing Committee on XV Worshop on High Energy Spin Physics, DSPIN 2013 in Dubna, Russia
J. Mielczarek Polish Society on Relativity
W. Piechocki member Polish Physical Society
L. Roszkowski Reports on Progress in Physics, Reports on Progress in Physics
A. Sobiczewski corresponding member of the Polish Academy of Sciences corresponding member of Polish Academy of Learning full member, Polish Academy of Sciences full member, Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences Postępy Fizyki, Honorary editor of "Postępy Fizyki" (Advances in Physics) Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy, Editor: Kiev Insitute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine member of the Scientific Council of the Andrzej Sołtan Institute for Nuclear Studies member of the Scientific Council of the Heavy Ion Laboratory of Warsaw University member of the Programme Advisory Committee for Nuclear Physics, JINR, Dubna (Russia) Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center member of the Scientific Council, The Niewodniczański Institute for Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Cracow)
94 Annual Report 2013
M. Spaliński International Journal of Modern Physics A, Member of the Editorial Board, International Journal of Modern Physics A
L. Szymanowski member of PANDA Theory Advisoty Group
G. Wilk National Center for Nuclear Research Chief of the PhD section Institute of Theoretical Physics UW, Member of the commision for competitions for extraordinary professorship; Member of the commision for competitions for ordinary professorship (full professor of UW position)
PERSONNEL
Research scientists Jan Błocki, Professor (from September 2013) Jacek Rożynek, Dr. Nils-Erik Bomark, Dr. (from October 2013) Andrzej Senatorski, Dr. Ewa Czuchry, Dr. Enrico Sessolo, Dr Janusz Dąbrowski, Professor Janusz Skalski, Assoc.Prof. Piotr Goldstein, Dr. Andrzej Skorupski, Dr. Eryk Infeld, Professor Robert Smolańczuk, Assoc. Prof. Michał Heller, Dr on leave Adam Sobiczewski, Professor Orest Hrycyna, Dr Michał Spaliński, Assoc.Prof. Michał Kowal, Dr. Lech Szymanowski, Assoc.Prof. Krzysztof Kurek, Assoc. Prof. Jakub Wagner, Dr. Jakub Mielczarek, M.Sc. Andrew Williams, Dr (from October 2013) Shoaib Munir, Dr, (to October 2013) Grzegorz Wilk, Professor Zygmunt Patyk, Assoc. Prof. Sławomir Wycech, Professor Marek Pawłowski, Dr. Yue-Lin Tsai, Dr. (to August 2013) Włodzimierz Piechocki, Professor Paweł Ziń, Dr, Leszek Roszkowski, Professor
PhD students Varvara Batozskaya Wojciech Brodziński, M.Sc. Grzegorz Plewa, M.Sc. Adam Szabelski, M.Sc. Sebastian Trojanowski, M.Sc
Technical and administrative staff Anna Sidor
Division of High Energy Physics 95
DIVISION OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
Head of Division: Professor Helena Białkowska phone: +48 22 5532234 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Department is organized in three divisions: the Accelerator Physics Section, the Neutrino Physics Section and the Astrophysics Section. The Accelerator Section members participate in large international collaborations at CERN (LHC accelerator, ALICE, CMS, LHCb experiments), SPS (COMPASS) and COSY (Juelich). The CMS team continued work on studying the Higgs boson decays into a pair of tau leptons. One PhD thesis dealing with this subject (T. Frueboes) was completed during 2013. Such analyses broaden the discovery scope of the CMS providing information important for the establishment of the newly discovered particle's nature. Another domain is the continuation of the search for Heavy Stable Charged Particles predicted by various extensions of the Standard Model. The work was basically directed towards adaptation of the triggering system required by the future operation mode of the LHC. The Warsaw group is responsible for the first level muon trigger and is currently working on its upgrade to obtain better performance during data taking after the current LHC shutdown. There is also a subgroup working on Heavy Ion physics within CMS. The ALICE group is main interest is of course Heavy Ion physics. The results concern principally the global characteristics of HI interaction, with special stress being put on the identification of produced particles, including strange and charmed ones. These characteristics are important for understanding the differences between pp and nucleus-nucleus interactions. An important item is the reconstruction of the pi0 meson spectra from the electromagnetic calorimeter PHOS. A novel method of data unfolding has been proposed and it was the main subject of the doctoral thesis of P. Kurashvili. The LHCb team continued theit physics analyses of CP violation effects and charm physics. In particular, their result on the D meson decaying into three pions is very interesting and it was recognized among the achievements of NCBJ. Among other important results of LHCb the Bs decay into muons was observed, one of the important tests of the Standard Model. The COMPASS group continued studies of gluon polarization, and worked on the preparation of further studies of generalized parton distributions. Low energy studies, performed by the WASA detector group, continued searches for rare decays. In his PhD thesis M. Berłowski searched for the so-called "dark photon" in eta meson decays providing new limits on its production cross section. Studies are also being conducted on data from "old" experiments – namely ZEUS at the HERA proton-electron machine, where J/Psi production is being studied. The Neutrino Physics Section members analyzed data from the long-baseline neutrino experiment T2K. New results on the neutrino oscillation, providing estimations of the θ13 parameter were obtained. The observation of electron-type neutrinos in the muon-neutrino beam is one of the main interesting results. Participation in the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS is also pursued. The Astrophysics Section members participate in many projects. They take part in a large survey of galaxies - the VIPERS project within the ESA agency. One of main interests is the "Pi of the Sky" which was started a few years back in our Institute. Current activities are concentrated at the "old" site in Chile, but new telescopes are being installed in Spain as well. In 2013 Department members co-authored 390 publications in refereed journals and 11 popular publications. They presented 39 invited talks at international conferences. 13 students pursued their PhD studies under the supervision of Department members and two of them obtained PhD degrees in 2013. Prof. Helena Białkowska/Dr. Maciej Górski (from 1.03.2013)
96 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
Small Modular Reactors - report K. Samul, A. Strupczewski, G. Wrochna National Centre for Nuclear Research
Status and perspectives of the kloe-2 experiment M. Martemianov, ... , W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Proceedings of the Fiteenth Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics World Scientific, 2013 ISBN: 978-981- 4436-82-3
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Charm mixing and CPV at LHCb A. Ukleja 14th Conference on B-Physics at Hadron Machines Beauty 2013 (Italy, Bologna, 2013-04-08 - 2013-04-12)
Two ultimate tests of constrained supersymmetry K. Kowalska, L. Roszkowski, E. Sessolo Theory Meeting Experiment 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-10 - 2013-06-12)
Results on Heavy-Ion Physics with the CMS detector at the LHC B. Boimska Cracow Epiphany Conference 2013 (Poland, Cracow, 2013-01-07 - 2013-01-09) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 7 (2013) 1363
Fizyka zapachu, łamanie CP A. Ukleja XLII Zjazd Fizyków Polskich (Poland, Poznań, 2013-09-08 - 2013-09-13)
The first release and preliminary analysis of Pi of the Sky data in R filter M. Siudek, A. Ćwiek, L. Mankiewicz, R. Opiela, F. Żarnecki XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02) Proc. SPIE 8903, Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2013, No 77 (2013)
10 years of WLCG M. Górski Cracow Epiphany Conference On the physics after the first phase of the LHC (Poland, Krakow, 2013-01-07 - 2013-01-09) Acta Phys. Pol. B (2013)
Pi of the Sky. Roboty w badaniach astrofizycznych A. Ćwiek, T. Batsch, H. Czyrkowski, M. Ćwiok, R. Dąbrowski, G. Kasprowicz, A. Majcher, K. Małek, L. Mankiewicz, K. Nawrocki, R. Opiela, L.W. Piotrowski, M. Siudek, M. Sokołowski, R. Wawrzaszek, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki Wykorzystanie małych teleskopów 2013 (Poland, Kraków-Koninki, 2013-05-10 - 2013-05-12)
Cosmic structure from the deep sky surveys A. Pollo A Conference in Memory of Prof. Roman Juszkiewicz (Poland, Zielona Góra, 2103-01-27 - 2013-01-29)
Recent results from T2K J. Łagoda 14th ICATPP Conference on Astroparticle, Particle, Space Physics and Detectors for Physics Applications (Italy, Como, 2013-09-23 - 2013-09-27)
The GPD program at COMPASS A. Sandacz XV Worshop on High Energy Spin Physics, DSPIN 2013 (Russia, Dubna, 2013-10-08 - 2013-10-12)
Pomiary ciemnej energii i ciemnej materii w głębokich przeglądach nieba A. Pollo Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06) Division of High Energy Physics 97
Dlaczego pomiar kąta Theta_13 jest ważny dla planów fizyki neutrin. Wyniki i plany T2K J. Łagoda Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Cracow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
Search for the MSSM Higgs bosons with the CMS detector at the LHC M. Szleper Cracow Epiphany Conference 2013 (Poland, Cracow, 2013-01-07 - 2013-01-09)
Searches for Supersymmetry with the CMS detector at LHC M. Kazana Cracow Epiphany Conference On the physics after the first phase of the LHC (Poland, Krakow, 2013-01-07 - 2013-01-09)
Collective excitations in anisotropic quark-gluon plasma. M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński International Conferenceon the Initial Stages in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Spain, Illa da Toxa, 2013-09-04 – 2013- 11-08)
Search for the MSSM Higgs bosons with the CMS detector at the LHC M. Szleper Cracow Epiphany Conference 2013 (Poland, Cracow, 2013-01-07 - 2013-01-09) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 7 (2013) 1603-1616
Status of constrained SUSY in light of LHC data L. Roszkowski, K. Kowalska, S. Munir, E. Sessolo, Y. Tsai, S. Trojanowski, A. Fowlie, M. Kazana PLANCK 2013 (Germany, Bonn, 2013-05-20 – 2013-05-24)
Świerk Computing Centre and its capabilities of supporting advanced medical imaging W. Wiślicki Symposium on Positron Emission Tomography (Poland, Kraków, 2013-09-20 - 2013-10-21) Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems (2013)
Rozszerzający się Wszechświat i poszukiwania ciemnej materii A. Pollo 42 Zjazd Fizyków Polskich (Poland, Poznań, 2013-09-08 - 2013-09-13)
Exotica at the CMS M. Kazana ICNFP2013: 2nd International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (Greece, Kolymbari , 2013-08-28 - 2013-09-05)
Parton’s energy loss in an unstable QGP M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński XXXI Max Born Symposium and HIC for FAIR Workshop (Poland, Wrocława, 2013-06-14 – 2013-06-16)
Grand canonical minority game as a sign predictor K. Wawrzyniak, W. Wiślicki 9th Conference of the European Social Simulation Association (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-09-16 - 2013-09-20)
Ciemna materia i ciemna energia w głębokich przeglądach nieba A. Pollo XXXVI Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Astronomicznego (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-09-11 - 2013-09-14)
Higgs boson discovery and searches for New Physics at CMS M. Kazana XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
Energy loss in Unstable Quark-Gluon Plasma M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński 51. Internationale Universitätswochen für Theoretische Physik – Extreme QCD in and out of Equilibrium (Austria, Schladming, 2013-02-23 – 2013-03-02)
98 Annual Report 2013
Sterile neutrino search with the ICARUS T600 in the CNGS beam R. Sulej XV International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes (Italy, Venice, 2013-03-11 - 2013-03-15)
Energy loss in unstable quark-gluon-plasma M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński ICNFP2013: 2nd International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (Greece, Kolymbari , 2013-08-28 - 2013-09-05)
Poszukiwania ciemnej materii w eksperymencie Super-Kamiokande P. Mijakowski Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
Advanced Virgo A. Królak Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
Energy loss in unstable quark-gluon-plasma M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński International Conferenceon the Initial Stages in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Spain, Illa da Toxa, 2013-09-04 – 2013-11-08)
Super-Kamiokande results on dark matter and monopole searches P. Mijakowski Exotic Physic with Neutrino Telescopes (France, Marseille, 2013-04-03 - 2013-04-05)
The GPD program at COMPASS P. Sznajder Photon 2013 (France, Paris, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-24)
Initial state or final state effects: the Ridge Effect in pp-pPb-PbPb at LHC H. Białkowska 10-th Polish Workshop on Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions (Poland, Kielce, 2013-12-14 - 2013-12-15)
N=4 super Yang-Mills Plasma A. Czajka, St. Mrówczyński Theory Meeting Experiment 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-10 - 2013-06-12)
Projekty eksperymentów z długą bazą do pomiaru hierarchii mas i łamania CP P. Przewłocki Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
Exclusive meson production at COMPASS P. Sznajder XV Worshop on High Energy Spin Physics, DSPIN 2013 (Russia, Dubna, 2013-10-08 - 2013-10-12)
N=4 super Yang-Mills Plasma A. Czajka, St. Mrówczyński XXXI Max BornSymposium and HIC for FAIR Workshop (Poland, Wrocław, 2013-06-14 - 2013-06-16)
Recent measurements of θ13 mixing angle in neutrino oscillation experiments P. Przewłocki Matter To The Deepest (Poland, Ustroń, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-06) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 11 (2013) 2295
Highlights of LHCb results A. Ukleja Symmetries and Spin (Czech Republic, Prague, 2013-07-07 - 2013-07-13)
Oral Presentations
Higgs boson in the standard model and other highlights of SM measurements M. Bluj Matter To The Deepest (Poland, Ustroń, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-06) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 11 (2013) 2087 Division of High Energy Physics 99
Pi of the Sky—robotic telescope A. Ćwiek, T. Batsch, H. Czyrkowski, M. Ćwiok, R. Dąbrowski, G. Kasprowicz, A. Majcher, K. Małek, L. Mankiewicz, K. Nawrocki, Ł. Obara, R. Opiela, L.W. Piotrowski, M. Siudek, M. Sokołowski, R. Wawrzaszek, A.F. Żarnecki XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02) SPIE No.8903 (2013) p. 12
Short period pulsating stars: some theoretical issues. A. Majczyna, M. Należyty XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02) SPIE, Bellungham, Washington, USA No. 8903 (2013) p. 890311-1
SPICA: a new window to understand links between cosmology and galaxy evolution A. Pollo SPICA Science ConferenceFrom Exoplanets to Distant Galaxies: SPICA s New Window on the Cool Universe (Japan, Tokyo, 2013-06-18 - 2013-06-21) ASP Conference Series (2014)
COMPASS measurements of the longitudinal spin structure of the nucleon K. Klimaszewski 13th International Conference on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon (MENU 2013) (Italy, Rome, 2013-09-30 - 2013-10-04)
The GLORIA demonstrator experiment A. Majcher, A. Ćwiek, M. Ćwiok, L. Mankiewicz, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02) SPIE No.9803 (2013) p. 28
„Pi of the Sky” off-line experiment with GLORIA A. Majcher, A. Ćwiek, M. Ćwiok, L. Mankiewicz, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki 10th INTEGRAL/BART Workshop (Czech Republic, Karlovy Vary, 2013-04-22 - 2013-04-25) Acta Polytechnica (in press)
The study Higgs decaying into tau tau in CMS M. Bluj EPS - HEP 2013 (Sweden, Stockholm, 2013-07-18 - 2013-07-24) Proceedings of Science (pos) Vol. EPSHEP2013 (2014) 262
Two ultimate tests of constrained supersymmetry K. Kowalska, L. Roszkowski, E. Sessolo PLANCK 2013 (Germany, Bonn, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-24)
Posters
Zdarzenia typu MEC w oddziaływaniach neutrin P. Przewłocki Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Polowanie na błyski gamma teleskopami Pi of the Sky A. Ćwiek, T. Batsch, H. Czyrkowski, M. Ćwiok, R. Dąbrowski, G. Kasprowicz, A. Majcher, K. Małek, L. Mankiewicz, K. Nawrocki, R. Opiela, L.W. Piotrowski, M. Siudek, M. Sokołowski, R. Wawrzaszek, G. Wrochna, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki Wykorzystanie małych teleskopów 2013 (Poland, Kraków-Koninki, 2013-05-10 - 2013-05-12)
Prompt searches for optical signal from gravitational wave transients with Pi of the Sky A. Zadrożny, M. Sokołowski, R. Opiela, Ł. Obara The 20th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (GR20) and the 10th Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves (Amaldi10) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-07-07 - 2013-07-13)
WASA-at-COSY Recent Results M. Berłowski, A. Kupść, A. Nawrot, P. Marciniewski, D. Pszczel, J. Stepaniak, J. Zabierowski, W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Clustering of far-IR galaxies in the AKARI all-sky surve” A. Pollo A Panchromatic View of Galaxy Evolution 30 Years after IRAS (Cyprus, Paphos, 2013-06-10 - 2013-06-14)
100 Annual Report 2013
Parton Energy Loss in the Extremly Prolate Quark-Gluon Plasma M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński Ecole Joliot-Curie School – (France, La Villa Clythia, 2013-09-29 – 2013-10-04)
GLORIA - Global Robotic Telescope Intelligent Array L.W. Piotrowski, A.J. Castro-Tirado, R. Cunnifee, A. Ćwiek, M. Ćwiok, J. Gorosabel, L. Hanlon, M. Jelinek, O. Lara, A. Majcher, L. Mankiewicz, E. O’Boyle, C. PerezDelPulgar, F. SanchezMoreno, M. Topinka, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
GLObal Robotic-Telescope Intelligent Array A. Ćwiek, A.J. Castro-Tirado, R. Cunnifee, M. Ćwiok, J. Gorosabel, L. Hanlon, M. Jelinek, O. Lara, A. Majcher, L. Mankiewicz, E. O’Boyle, C. PerezDelPulgar, L.W. Piotrowski, F. SanchezMoreno, M. Topinka, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki Wykorzystanie małych teleskopów 2013 (Poland, Kraków-Koninki, 2013-05-10 - 2013-05-12)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
COMPASS role in the nucleon structure studiesa A. Sandacz High Energy Physics Seminar, Physics Department, Warsaw University Warsaw, 2013-01-11
The Ridge Effect: long range correlations in pp, pPb and PbPb collisions at the LHCb H. Białkowska Warsaw University Physics Dept., Theory Group, Warsaw, 2013-02-25
The Ridge Effect: Long range correlations in pp-pPb-PbPb collisions at the LHCa H. Białkowska Warsaw University Physics Dept., High Energy Physics Seminar, Warsaw, 2013-03-01
Looking for SUSY - Bayesian approachb K. Kowalska Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 2013-04-08
Why it is worth while looking for somethig that may not exists?a P. Zalewski University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 2013-04-12
WW: what is the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking?a M. Szleper University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 2013-04-19
Search for long-lived particles at the LHCb P. Zalewski Warsaw, University of Warsaw, 2013-04-22
New results on the quark-gluon structure of the nucleona A. Sandacz Warsaw, Seminar of HIRG Group, Physics Department, Warsaw University of Technology, 2013-05-07
Searching for gravitational wavesa A. Królak Lodz, Faculty of Physics, University of Lodz, 2013-05-08
VIPERS: on the way to precise measurements in the z~1 Universeb A. Pollo Toruń, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, 2013-05-17
News from neutrino experimentsb P. Przewłocki Warsaw, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Physics Faculty, Warsaw University, 2013-10-14
Experimental results on indirect searches for New Physics in Flavour Physicsb M. Szczekowski Warsaw, University of Warsaw, 2013-10-29 Division of High Energy Physics 101
VIPERS: a slice of the z ~ 1 Universeb A. Pollo Warszawa, Wydział Fizyki UW, 2013-11-12
The quest for gravitatioanl wavesb A. Królak Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 2013-11-21
Study of p-Pb collisions at the LHC accelerator: are initial or final state effects observed?a B. Boimska Warsaw, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warszaw, 2013-12-20
Status of activitiesb P. Sznajder Geneva, CERN, 2013-01-14
Particle reconstruction and identification techniques for the ICARUS LAr TPC detectorb R. Sulej Pavia, The Italian Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), 2013-02-18
Discussion of ANA note content for search for asymmetries in the control decays Ds -> pipipib A. Ukleja Geneva, CERN, 2013-02-20
Exclusive ω meson productionb P. Sznajder Geneva, CERN, 2013-03-13
Search for sterile neutrino in the ICARUS long-baseline experimentb J. Stepaniak Uppsala Sweden, Uppsala University, 2013-05-07
The ω analysis – systematic studiesb P. Sznajder Geneva, CERN, 2013-05-15
The beam reconstructionb P. Sznajder Geneva, CERN, 2013-05-15
Alignment of BMS planesb P. Sznajder Geneva, CERN, 2013-06-13
Unblined results – unbinned analysisb A. Ukleja Geneve, CERN, 2013-08-14
Exclusive production of ω meson in HEPGENb A. Sandacz Freiburg (Germany), Physics Department of Freiburg University, 2013-09-10
Exclusive ω analysisb P. Sznajder Freiburg im Breisgau, University of Freiburg, 2013-09-10
Search for CP violation in the D+ -> pi-pi+pi+ Dalitz plotb A. Ukleja Krakow, AGH University of Science and Technology, 2013-09-12
Status of ω analysisb P. Sznajder Geneva, CERN, 2013-09-18
102 Annual Report 2013
Mixing and CP violation in charm decays at LHCb experimenta A. Ukleja University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 2013-04-26
Taus for trigger:reviewb M. Bluj Geneva, CERN, 2013-10-21
Triggers for Higgs to tau(s)b M. Bluj Geneva, CERN, 2013-10-22
RPC patterns with RE4b M. Kazana Geneve, CERN, 2013-10-22
RPC patterns with RE4b M. Kazana Geneve, CERN, 2013-10-23
Impact of 3d tracker hit cut on tau trigger performanceb M. Bluj Geneva, CERN, 2013-10-30
Neutrino oscillations in T2Ka J. Zalipska Warsaw, Warsaw University Department of High Energy Physics, 2013-11-08
The study Higgs decaying into tau tau with CMSb M. Bluj Warsaw, University of Warsaw, 2013-11-15
LHCb precision measurements on flavour Physicsb A. Ukleja Warsaw, University of Warsaw, 2013-11-18
Higgs Mechanism - The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013b St. Mrówczyński Kielce, Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, 2013-11-27
Impact of 3d tracker hit cut on tau trigger performanceb M. Bluj Geneva, CERN, 2013-10-30
Neutrino oscillations in T2Ka J. Zalipska Warsaw, Warsaw University Department of High Energy Physics, 2013-11-08
The study Higgs decaying into tau tau with CMSb M. Bluj Warsaw, University of Warsaw, 2013-11-15
LHCb precision measurements on flavour Physicsb A. Ukleja Warsaw, University of Warsaw, 2013-11-18
Higgs Mechanism - The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013b St. Mrówczyński Kielce, Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, 2013-11-27
New Physics searches in beauty and charm particle decays at LHCb experiment a A. Ukleja Warsaw, University of Warsaw, 2013-11-29 Division of High Energy Physics 103
Tau trigger reportb M. Bluj Geneva, CERN, 2013-12-02
Tau Idb M. Bluj Geneva, CERN, 2013-12-05
Stauts of tau triggersb M. Bluj Geneva, CERN, 2013-12-10
a) in Polish b) in English
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Squeezing performance out of CIŚ computing clusterb K. Klimaszewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock, Świerk, 2013-01-30
CMS experiment resultsa P. Zalewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-06-28
Single-Pion production in Neutrino Interactionb M. Kabirnezhad National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-10-15
Presentation of CIŚ web servicesa K. Klimaszewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-10-15
How to 103nalyse Big Dataa K. Nawrocki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk 2013-10-22
Świerk Computing Center – its R&D and service capabilitiesb W. Wiślicki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warszawa, 2013-10-24
How to analyze Big Data? (Part2)b K. Nawrocki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-27
Liquid Argon TPC detector of ICARUS experiment – some neutrino physics and the great R&D programme of LAr technology in the first placea R. Sulej National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, 2013-12-06
a) in Polish b) in English
104 Annual Report 2013
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
H. Białkowska PhD of Tomasz Fruboes: Search for neutral Higgs boson in tau tau into muon plus tau jet final state in the CMS experiment
A. Królak - PhD thesis by Mr. Adam Zadrozny, Entitled "Search for gravitational waves in coincidence with optical observations" in preparation
P. Mijakowski Along with dr Katarzyna Grzelak from Warsaw University, supervisor of the M.Sc thesis of Katarzyna Frankiewicz entitled "Search for Dark Matter Particles with the Super-Kamiokande detector". The thesis was graded exceptionally good (5.5).
P. Mijakowski Gave one invited lecture on the dark matter on the Particle Physics II course lead by prof. Danuta Kiełczewska (UW) at the Physics Departemnt of Warsaw University.
A. Pollo 24/06/2013; Agnieszka Świętoń (Uniwersytet Jagielloński), Master thesis "The evolution of colour-dependence of galaxy clustering up to $z\sim 1.2$ based on the data from the VVDS-Wide survey" lecture "Stellar and Extragalactic Astronomy II", II semester of the academic year 2012/2013, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University, Cracow mgr Agata Pępiak, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University mgr Agnieszka Świętoń, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University mgr Aleksander Kurek, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University mgr Aleksandra Nadkańska, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University mgr Małgorzata Bankowicz, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University mgr Tobiasz Górecki, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University monographic lecture "Elements of obsevational cosmology" (in English), II semester of the academic year 2012/2013, Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University
P. Przewłocki Supervisor (along with Katarzyna Grzelak from WU) of master's thesis of Weronika Warzycha "Study of neutral current interactions in the near detector of the T2K experiment"
A. Sandacz supervision of Ph.D. student Paweł Sznajder
T. Siemiarczuk Graduate student: Mgr Iryna Ilkiv, PhD Thesis entitled: "Production of pi-zero mesons at LHC energies"
T. Siemiarczuk graduate student: Mgr Podist Kurashvili, PhD Thesis entitled:"Direct photon production in pp and PbPb interactions at LHC energies", succcessfully defended on August 27-th
J. Stepaniak Leading of the two projects for advanced students of the Physics Faculty, University of Warsaw. PhD Thesis of Marcin Berłowski
"Study of eta meson leptonic decays with WASA detector" Supervision of PhD of Damian Pszczel, "Search for new light U boson"
M. Szleper Search for the scattering signal of W bosons in the CMS experiment at the LHC
W. Wiślicki Coaching PhD student: Izabela Balwierz, MSc MSc diplomma, Rafał Możdżonek, Warsaw Polythechnics Division of High Energy Physics 105
P. Zalewski M.SC. tutoring; Michal Olszewski: A use of PACT system for HSCP detection in the CMS experiment; Physics Faculty of Uniwersity of Warsaw.
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
H. Białkowska Warsaw Scientific Society Member of the Scientific Council of the Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University Scientific Council of the National Centre for Nuclear Research, deputy president
A. Majcher Member of the board of the Warsaw Division of the Polish Amateur Astronomers Association
A. Majczyna Member Polskie Towarzystwo Astronomiczne Member of Polish Fireball Network
A. Pollo Session chairman on Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce in Krakow, Poland Member of Organizing Committee on Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce in Krakow, Poland
P. Przewłocki Member of Organizing Committee on Theory Meeting Experiment 2013 in Warszawa, Poland
E. Rondio Member of scientific advisory committee (PAC) Member of the PAC
R. Sosnowski Corresponding member of Polish Academy of Learning Member of the Warsaw Scientific Society Member of the European Physical Society Full member of the Polish Academy of Sciences Active member Polish Academy of Knowledge Fellow European Physical Society Member Scientific Council of the Institute of High Ptessure Polish Academy of Sciences president National Centre for Nuclear Research Member of the Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences Member of the commission for JINR of the Plenipotentiary of Poland to JINR chairman National Center of Nuclear Research Uniwersity of Warsaw Heavy Ion Laboratory
W. Wiślicki Pl-Grid National Consortium Member of Scientific Board, National Centre for Nuclear Research Member of the Institution Board of the KLOE-2 Experiment Member of the LHCb Collaboration Board Member of the National Computing Board in LHCb
106 Annual Report 2013
G. Wrochna Member of the Polish Nuclear Society Member of the Committee on Nuclear Physics of the Council for Atomic Energy Matters Coordinator of Polish Nuclear Technology Platform Member of the Physics Committee PAN President of the Council of Atomic Center consortium President of the Council of Polish Astroparticle Physics Network President of the Council of XFEL-Polska consortium Societas Scientiarum Varsaviensis Member of the Scientific Council of the Heavy Ion Laboratory, Warsaw University
PERSONNEL
Research scientists
Marek Adamus, Dr. Konrad Klimaszewski, Dr. Marcin Berłowski, Dr. Katarzyna Kowalik, Dr. Helena Białkowska, Professor Kamila Kowalska, Dr. Michał Bluj, Dr. Andrzej Królak, Assoc.Prof. Bożena Boimska, Dr. Andrzej Kupść, Dr. on leave Arkadiusz Ćwiek, Eng. Podist Kurashvili, Dr. Andrzej Deloff, Assoc.Prof. Adam Kutynia, Eng. Tomasz Fruobes, Dr. Justyna Łagoda, Dr. Maciej Górski, Dr. Ariel Majcher, MSc. Julia Hoffman, Dr. on leave Agnieszka Majczyna, Dr. Mariusz Karpiarz, MSc. Piotr Marciniewski, Dr. on leave Małgorzata Kazana, Dr.
PhD students
Katarzyna Deja, M.Sc. Katarzyna Frankiewicz, MSc. Iryna Ilkiv, M.Sc. Antoni Kiliński, M.Sc. Kabirnezhad Monireh, M.Sc.
Technical and administrative staff
Piotr Gawor Ryszard Sosnowski, Professor Tadeusz Marszał Joanna Stepaniak, Professor Teresa Świerczyńska Robert Sulej, Dr on leave Piotr Mijakowski, Dr. Marek Szczekowski, Assoc.Prof. Stanisław Mrówczyński, Professor Maria Szeptycka, Professor Krzysztof Nawrocki, Dr. Michał Szleper, Dr. Adam Nawrot, Eng. Paweł Sznajder, M.Sc. Tomasz Palczewski, Dr. Piotr, Traczyk Dr. on leave Agnieszka Pollo, Assoc.Prof. Artur Ukleja, Dr. Paweł Przewłocki, Dr. Wojciech Wiślicki, Professor Ewa Rondio, Professor Piotr Zalewski, Dr. Andrzej Sandacz, Professor Joanna Zalipska, Dr. Teodor Siemiarczuk, Professor Damian Pszczel, M.Sc. Marcin Sokołowski, Dr on leave Katarzyna Romanowska-Rybińska, M.Sc. Paweł Sznajder, M.Sc, Adam Zadrożny, M.Sc
* part-time employee
Division of Cosmic Ray Physics 107
DIVISION OF COSMIC RAY PHYSICS
Head of Division: Dr. Jacek Szabelski phone: +48 42 6783223 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Department of Cosmic Ray Physics in Łódź is involved in basic research in the high energy Cosmic Ray field. Cosmic Rays are energetic particles from outside the Solar System. Most studies of Cosmic Rays address the following fundamental problems: - the nature of the physical and astrophysical processes responsible for the high energies of the particles - experimental search for sources of Cosmic Rays - studies of the astrophysical conditions at the acceleration sites - properties of high energy particle interactions at very high energies. Presentation of Cosmic Ray registration to high school students has become a popular way to introduce particle physics detectors and elementary particle detection techniques to young people. We organize a workshop in Łódź on particle physics for high school students. This is part of the international activity: IPPOG's Masterclasses – Hands on Particle Physics. Energetic Cosmic Rays produce cascades of particles in the atmosphere, called Extensive Air Showers (EAS). Measuring EASs and their properties is the main means of studying experimentally very high energy Cosmic Rays: - The satellite experiment JEM-EUSO will observe EASs from the International Space Station. The main goal is to find Sources of the highest energy Cosmic Rays. JEM-EUSO will collect a large number of events since it will observe a large area of the atmosphere. We participate in the preparation of hardware (HV power suppliers) for the mission and for high altitude balloon tests (EUSO-Balloon). - We have designed, developed and built an engineering model of a high voltage power supply unit for the satellite gamma ray detector POLAR. The detector will measure X-ray polarisation from Gamma Ray Bursts. - The KASCADE-Grande addresses experimentally the problems of mass composition and EAS development in the atmosphere in the energy range 1E15-1E18 eV. Knowledge of the mass composition will contribute to the development of hadronic interaction models and the search for Cosmic Ray astrophysical sources. The interaction models in the simulation code CORSIKA play an essential role in the interpretation of data. These are studied experimentally by measuring the EAS lateral distribution of soft and muon components, and EAS muon directions. The LOPES Collaboration in KIT – Karlsruhe develops radio techniques for EAS measurements in Karlsruhe. We have participated in both of these experiments since the beginning. - Locally in Łódź we concentrate on methodological studies of the detection of neutrons and the interpretation of multiple neutron registrations in an underground laboratory. We have measured the neutron background at the deep underground laboratory in the Slanic salt mine in Romania. Examining the EAS data it is possible to study some properties of very high energy interactions. LHC detectors would verify models used in EAS simulations. In the area of high energy particle physics the Department participates in the ZEUS experiment at DESY (Hamburg, Germany), and in the WASA @ COSY Collaboration in Juelich, Germany.
Dr. Jacek Szabelski
108 Annual Report 2013
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Radiodetekcja promieniowania kosmicznego J. Zabierowski Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
Latest results from the KASCADE-Grande experiment A. Chiavassa, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski RICAP-13 Roma International Conference on AstroParticle Physics (Italy, Rome, 2013-05-22 - 2013-05-24) Nucl. Instr. Meth. A Vol. 742 (2014) 10
High-energy cosmic rays measured withKASCADE-Grande A. Haungs, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski EPS - HEP 2013 (Sweden, Stockholm, 2013-07-18 - 2013-07-24) Proceedings of Science (PoS) Vol. EPS-HEP (2013) 398
Najwyższe energie - teleskop satelitarny JEM-EUSO J. Szabelski Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
Oral Presentations
Primary energy reconstruction at KASCADE-Grande using the S(500) method G. Toma, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
Status of the JEM-EUSO Mission J.H. Adams, A. Santangelo, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
KASCADE-Grande energy spectrum of cosmic rays and the role of hadronic interaction models M. Bertaina, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
The JEM-EUSO Instruments J.H. Adams, F. Kajino, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Investigationon the energy and mass composition of cosmic rays using LOPES radio data N. Palmieri, W.D. Apel, J.C. Arteaga, K. Bekk, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
JEM-EUSO scientific objectives J.H. Adams, E. Parizot, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
EUSO-BALLOON: a pathfinder for observing UHECRs from space J.H. Adams, P. VonBallmoos, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Division of Cosmic Ray Physics 109
Calibration and testing a prototype of the JEM-EUSO telescope on Telescope Array site J.H. Adams, M. Casolino, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Interpretation of Microwave Signal of High-Energ Air Showers observed with CROME F. Werner, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
Overview of space-based UHECR observation performance by JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, K. Shinozaki, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Towards the Preliminary Design Review of the Infrared Camera of the JEM-EUSO Space Mission. J.H. Adams, M.D. RodriguezFrias, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
The energy spectrum of light primaries in the range from 1016.6 to 1018.2 eV S. Schoo, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
High-energy cosmic rays measured with KASCADE-Grande A. Haungs, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Rio de janeiro No. (2013)
Nuclearites observations with JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, M. Bertaina, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Energy spectra of KASCADE-Grande based on shower size measurements and different hadronic interaction models D. Kang, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
On the capability of separating EAS events into mass groups on an event by event basis with the KASCADE-Grande experiment A. Chiavassa, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
Euso Balloon: a pathfinder mission for the JEM-EUSO experiment G. Osteria, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig 13th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation (Austria, Wiedeń, 2013-02-11 - 2013-02-15) Nucl. Instr. Meth. A Vol. 732 (2013) 320-324
The TA-EUSO and EUSO-Balloon optics designs J.H. Adams, Y. Takizawa, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
110 Annual Report 2013
Posters
Simulations and the analysis of fake trigger events background in JEM-EUSO experiment J.H. Adams, S. Biktemerova, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Manufacturing of the TA-EUSO and EUSO-Balloon lenses J.H. Adams, Y. Hachisu, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
The mean lnA study in the primary energy range 1016 eV - 1017 eV with the Muon Tracking Detector in the KASCADE- Grande experiment P. Łuczak, W.D. Apel, D. Kang, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
Pattern recognition and direction reconstruction for JEM-EUSO experiment J.H. Adams, S. Biktemerova, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
The Front-End Electronics of the EUSO-BALLOON UV Camera J.H. Adams, H. Miyamoto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
A Comparison of LOPES Lateral Distributions of the Air-shower Radio Signal with REAS 3.11 and CoREAS Simulations F.G. Schroeder, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
On-line and off-line data analysis for the TA-EUSO and BALLOON-EUSO experiments J.H. Adams, L.W. Piotrowski, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Detailed description of EUSO-BALLOON instrument J.H. Adams, C. Moretto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
KASCADE-Grande measurements of energy spectra for elemental groups of cosmic rays D. Fuhrmann, W.D. Apel, J.C. Arteaga-Velazquez, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
Experimental Proof for the Sensitivity of Air Shower Radio Emission to the Longitudinal Shower Development F.G. Schroeder, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
Absolute calibration of the focal surface of the Jem-Euso telescope J.H. Adams, P. Gorodetzky, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Division of Cosmic Ray Physics 111
UV Night Background Estimation Inside South Atlantic Anomaly J.H. Adams, P. Bobik, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Vectorial Radio Interferometry with LOPES 3D D. Huber, W.D. Apel, D. Fuhrmann, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
Photomultiplier Tube Sorting for JEM-EUSO and EUSO-Balloon J.H. Adams, C. Blaksley, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Retrieving cloud top height in the JEM-EUSO Cosmic-ray observation system J.H. Adams, M. Bertaina, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Comparison of LOPES data and CoREAS simulations using a full detector simulation K. Link, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio No. (2013)
Atmospheric Monitoring system of JEM-EUSO telescope J.H. Adams, A. Neronov, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Onboard calibration system of the JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, N. Sakaki, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Observation of extensive air showers produced by ultra high energy cosmic rays in cloudy sky by JEM-EUSO. J.H. Adams, G. SaezCano, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
WASA-at-COSY Recent Results M. Berłowski, A. Kupść, A. Nawrot, P. Marciniewski, D. Pszczel, J. Stepaniak, J. Zabierowski, W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 – 2013-06-28)
Absolute in-flight calibration of the JEM-EUSO telescope with the moonlight J.H. Adams, N. Sakaki, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Absolute Fluorescence Spectrum and Yield Measurements for a wide range of experimental conditions J.H. Adams, D. MonnierRagagne, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Study of the muon content of very high-energy EAS measured with the KASCADE-Grande observatory J.C. Arteaga-Velasquez, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rio de Janeiro No. (2013)
112 Annual Report 2013
Muon tracking in KASCADE-Grande EAS experiment P. Łuczak Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 - 2013-03-06)
Identification of extreme energy photons with JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, A. Supanitsky, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Global Light System for JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, L. Wiencke, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
A study on JEM-EUSO trigger probability for neutrino-initiated EAS J.H. Adams, A. Guzman, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
JEM-EUSO Design for Accommodation on the SpaceX Dragon Spacecraft J.H. Adams, M. Christl, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
LIDAR treatment inside the ESAF Simulation Framework for the JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, S. Toscano, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Sensitivity of the orbiting JEM-EUSO mission to large-scale cosmic-ray anisotropies J.H. Adams, T. Weiler, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Multi-anode Photomultiplier Tube Reliability analysis and Radiation Hardness Assurance for the JEM-EUSO Space Mission J.H. Adams, H. Prieto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
A simulation code for the IR-Camera of the JEM-EUSO Space Observatory. J.H. Adams, J.A. MoralesDeLosRios, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Search for anisotropies in the arrival directions of primary cosmic rays with the KASCADE-Grande experiment C. Curcio, P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09), Rion de Janeiro No. (2013)
Second level trigger and Cluster Control Board for the JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, J. Bayer, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Division of Cosmic Ray Physics 113
POLAR the Space Experiment to Study Origin of Gamma Ray Bursts A. Zwolińska, T. Batsch, K. Jędrzejczak, J. Karczmarczyk, R. Marcinkowski, A. Rutczyńska, D. Rybka, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 (2014) 255
JEM-EUSO, EUSO-Balloon and TA-EUSO J. Karczmarczyk, P. Gorodetzky, Y. Kawasaki, J. Szabelski Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce (Poland, Krakow, 2013-03-03 – 2013-03-06)
ESAF-Simulation of the EUSO-Balloon J.H. Adams, T. Mernik, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Performance of the SPACIROC front-end ASIC for JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, H. Miyamoto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Simulating the JEM-EUSO Mission: Scientific Objectives and Expected Performance J.H. Adams, T. Mernik, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
T. TymienieckaPhysics of Atoms and Molecules (2012/2013) in Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw. High Energy Physics (2013/2014) in Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun.
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
J. Karczmarczyk Member of JEM-EUSO Collaboration
P. Łuczak Member of the LOPES Collaboration Member of the KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
B. Szabelska JEM-EUSO Collaboration memeber
J. Szabelski Polish PI (Principal Investigator) of JEM-EUSO Collaboration Polish representative in the International Particle Physics Outreach Group (IPPOG) Member of the International Advisory Committee (IAC) of the European Cosmic Ray Symposia Polish group PI in the EUSO-Balloon Collaboration Advances in High Energy Physics, Special Issue, Advances in High Energy Physics, Hindawi Publishing Corporation
T. Tymieniecka JEM-EUSO Collaboration member
T. Wibig Polish Physical Society JEM-EUSO Collaboration member
114 Annual Report 2013
J. Zabierowski Member of Organizing Committee on Astrofizyka Cząstek w Polsce in Krakow, Poland Member of the Polish Physical Society Member of The LOPES Collaboration Chairman of the Steering Committee and the Collaboration Board of the KASCADE-Grande Collaboration Member of the WAS@COSY Collaboration Board
PERSONNEL
Research scientists Paweł Pluciński, Dr. on leave Barbara Szabelska, Dr. Jacek Szabelski, Dr. Teresa Tymieniecka, Professor Tadeusz Wibig, Assoc. Prof.* Janusz Zabierowski, Professor
PhD students Zbigniew Plebaniak, M.Eng. Anna Zwolińska, M.Eng.
Technical and admnistrative staff Zdzisław Dębicki Jadwiga Feder (*) Karol Jędrzejczak, Dr. Jacek Karczmarczyk Marcin Kasztelan, M.Sc. Lewandowski Ryszard Paweł Łuczak, Dr. Jerzy Orzechowski, M.Sc.Eng. Przemysław Tokarski, Mc.Eng.
(*) part-time employee
Department of Nuclear Techniques & Equipment 115
4. DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES & EQUIPMENT
Director of Department: Dr. Agnieszka Syntfeld-Każuch phone: +48 22 2731413 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
In 2013 most of department’s activities were related to completion of work within the Accelerators and Detectors (A&D) project where five technology demonstrator: three medical accelerators as well as a neutron activation analyser and X-ray radiography system - reached their mounting or testing phase. Five divisions were involved in the final preparation of the demonstrators, their promotion and functionality presentations. Two system, the neutron activation analyser SWAN and the intraoperative medical accelerator INTRALINE, were completed in time and could be directed to further stages of development and commercialization. The former was found to be a universal tool for isotope identification in materials and attracted the attention of KGHM Polska Miedź, a global producer of copper and silver. The latter aroused the interest of Wielkopolskie Centrum Onkologii (WCO) which joined a common project focused on further development of INTRALINE, financially supported by the National Centre for Research and Development in 2014-2016. More detailed information on demonstrators realized within the A&D project may be found in the dedicated articles. In 2013 other research or development projects were continued (selected): - 4LABs - modernization of the Environmental Measurements Laboratory (EML) and building a new Accelerating Structure Laboratory (ASL). The EML is aimed at diverse investigations of air quality and is equipped with a new set of apparatus designed for atmospheric air monitoring which are mounted in a mobile container. The latter, ASL, is of high priority as developing and manufacturing of accelerating structures is the core activity of the Division of Nuclear Equipment – HITEC that sells industrial and medical accelerators as well as manufacturing accelerating cavities for large European infrastructures (e.g. LINAC4 at CERN). - MODES_SNM - development of a modular detection system for special nuclear materials detection using high pressure gas detectors based on He-4 (neutron detection) and Xe (gamma ray detection). This European project is aimed at building detection systems for land-border security purposes. - EURATOM programme – development of a diagnostic technique based on a Cherenkov-type detector, designed especially for an FTU tokamak as well as manufacturing a new ion pinhole camera and a special manipulator, suitable for inserting such a camera into the vacuum vessel of the COMPASS tokamak. First studies were also carried out to find the most suitable scintillation detectors for hard X-ray detection at the JET facility, Culham, UK. - XFEL - in the framework of the in-kind contribution provided by NCBJ to the European XFEL Project the whole Higher Order Modes (HOM) suppression system was developed delivered to XFEL-GmbH DESY. - BioQuaRT – participation in the EURAMET project “Biologically weighted quantities in radiotherapy”. Nanodosimetry studies of carbon ions are carries out using the Jet Counter technique. The Department has 200+ employees, including 2 professors, 3 associate professors and 30+ employees with PhD degrees. Most of the scientific achievements of the department were summarized in 40+ peer reviewed publications, published in 2013. Some efforts are also made to help transfer technologies between NCBJ and industry. The first spin-off company successfully commercialized the DDR-type (Direct Digital Radiography) SMOC detectors that were being developed in the Department. Dr. Agnieszka Syntfeld-Każuch
116 Annual Report 2013
Division of Particle Acceleration Physics&Technology 117
DIVISION OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
Head of Division: Dr. Eng. Sławomir Wronka phone: +48 22 2731539 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The activity of the TJ1 department is focused on development of new acceleration techniques and technologies, as well as on applications of particle accelerators. The main know-how is concentrated in cavity optimisation, calculations of magnets, transfer lines, sources and targets, collimators and applicators. In particular, beam dynamics calculations and Monte Carlo simulations of accelerator heads and detectors are continuously performed for different projects. The main activity of the TJ1 department in 2013 year was related to the AiD project, manufacturing and starting-up the accelerators for IORT and cargo screening. Both demonstrators were completed and delivered the beam. One of the important actions was the successful commercialization of the SMOC detectors through a spin-off company. The licence contract, which has been sent is a good example of science-industry cooperation. The group working for the XFEL project is in the efficient period of HOM couplers and absorbers production. The European Spallation Source (ESS) is passing to the construction phase, andour team is continuing calculations of fixed and mobile collimators in close cooperation with the Lund and Aarhus teams. Some of these topics are described in detail in separate articles.
Dr. Eng. Sławomir Wronka
118 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
Infrastructure Access Report (D3.4) L. Bordais(CNRS), ... , S. Wronka, ... et al. Test Infrastructure and Accelerator Research Area, Preparatory Phase
Interim Infrastructure Need and Resource Comparison (MS11) L. Bordais(CNRS), ... , S. Wronka, ... et al. Test Infrastructure and Accelerator Research Area, Preparatory Phase
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Pb superconducting photocathodes, preparation and performance J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Barlak XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
Advances in Conformal Radiotherapy Using Monte Carlo Code to Design New IMRT and IORT Accelerators and Interpret CT Numbers A. Wysocka-Rabin XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
MC Studies of Radiation Protection for a New Mobile Electron Accelerator for Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT) A. Wysocka-Rabin Physics Aspects of Accelerator Radiation Protection (India, Mumbai, 2013-02-20 - 2013-02-23)
Dozymetria w radioembolizacji za pomoca mikrosfer A. Wysocka-Rabin Miedzynarodowa konferencja 10 lat PET w Bydgoszczy i w Polsce (Poland, Bydgoszcz, 2013-11-28 - 2013-11-30)
Monte Carlo Design, Dosimetry and Radiation Protection Studies for a New Mobile Electron Accelerator for IORT A. Wysocka-Rabin, P. Adrich, A. Wasilewski XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
Rozwój krajowych detektorów radiograficznych W. Dziewiecki, M. Matusiak, S. Wronka Krajowa Konferencja Badań Nieniszczących (Poland, Popów, 2013-08-26 - 2013-08-28)
Optymalizacja konstrukcji rodziny detektorów SMOC S. Wronka, W. Dziewiecki, M. Matusiak Krajowa Konferencja Badań Nieniszczących (Poland, Popów, 2013-08-26 - 2013-08-28)
NCBJ: Technologie radiacyjne dla przemysłu S. Wronka Nowoczesne Technologie dla Mazowsza (Poland, Otwock, 2013-12-14 - 2013-12-14)
Beam dynamical simullations on superconducting cavity model T. Wasiewicz, J. Sekutowicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Staszczak XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02)
Oral Presentations
MEMS high-doses radiation sensor I. Augustyniak, J. Dziuban, P. Knapkiewicz, M. Matusiak, M. Olszacki, P. Pons TRANSDUCERS 2013 (Spain, Barcelona, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Design of positioning system for soft-docking of an intraoperative electron accelerator. R. Soboń, A. Wysocka-Rabin, N. Golnik XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02) Division of Particle Acceleration Physics&Technology 119
Układ formowania wiązki terapeutycznej akceleratora IntraLine P. Adrich, A. Wasilewski, A. Wysocka-Rabin, R. Kozioł, E. Jankowski, A. Polak, R. Szymański Panel ekspertów akceleratora IntraLine (Poland, Otwock, 2013-12-08 - 2013-12-09)
Posters
Requirements and current status of photo-cathodes driving lasers for linear accelerators W. Grabowski, T. Wasiewicz, R. Nietubyć, J. Sekutowicz 10 Krajowe Sympozjum Użytkowników Promieniowania Synchrotronowego, KSUPS-10 (Poland, Stalowa Wola, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11)
Deposition and optimization of thin lead layers for superconducting accelerator photocathodes J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Barlak, R. Mirowski, A. Bartnik, J. Kostecki, J. Sekutowicz, A. Malinowska, P. Kneisel, J. Witkowski International Conference PLASMA-2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-06) Phys. Scr. Vol. T161 (2014) 014071
Optimization of thin-film superconducting lead photocathodes surface morphology at NCBJ in Świerk J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, R. Mirowski, M. Barlak, J. Sekutowicz, J. Witkowski 10 Krajowe Sympozjum Użytkowników Promieniowania Synchrotronowego, KSUPS-10 (Poland, Stalowa Wola, 2013-09-09 – 2013-09-11)
Measurement of the high gamma radiation dose using the mems based dosimeter and radiolisys effect M. Olszacki, M. Matusiak, I. Augustyniak, P. Knapkiewicz, J. Dziuban, P. Pons, E. Debourg MicroMechanics Europe (Finland, Helsinki, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-03)
Wpływ promieniowania jonizującego na właściwości optyczne szkieł stosowanych w technice mikrosystemów K. Sareło, I. Augustyniak, P. Knapkiewicz, M. Matusiak, M. Olszacki ELTE 2013 (Poland, Ryn, 2013-04-16 – 2013-04-20)
Movable Collimators in ESS Project P. Warzybok 3rd EIROforum School of Instrumentation (, Geneva, Switzerland, 2013-05-27 - 2013-05-31)
Electron beam dynamics calculations for POLFEL linear accelerator T. Wasiewicz, W. Grabowski, K. Kosiński, R. Nietubyć, J. Sekutowicz, M. Staszczak 10 Krajowe Sympozjum Użytkowników Promieniowania Synchrotronowego, KSUPS-10 (Poland, Stalowa Wola, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Optimizing of thin film superconducting lead photocathodes at NCBJ in Świerk (poster P-14) by J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Barlak, R. Mirowski and J. Witkowskib J. Lorkiewicz Stalowa Wola, KUL, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Off Campus Faculty of Social Sciences in Stalowa Wola together with the Polish Synchrotron Radiation Society , 2013-09-09
Hadrontherapy in Poland and in the worlda A. Wysocka-Rabin Bydgoszcz, Oncology and Brachytherapy Clinic of Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 2013-11-19
Heavy particles acceleratorsa A. Wysocka-Rabin Bydgoszcz, Oncology and Brachytherapy Clinic of Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 2013-11-19
Update on RF deceleration for positron moderationb M. Staszczak Paris, CERN, 2013-02-25
Movable collimators system in ESS projectb P. Warzybok Lund, Sweden, European Spallation Source, 2013-09-30
120 Annual Report 2013
Collimators in ESSb P. Warzybok Lund, Sweden, European Spallation Source, 2013-12-11
CANIS and SWAN, Systems for sensitive materials detectiona S. Wronka Warsaw, NCBJ, 2013-12-11
a) in Polish b) in English
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Solenoid do akceleratora dwuenergetycznegi 6/9MVa M. Staszczak National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-02-12
Optimization of thickness of two layer Sn-Pb beam attenuatora A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-04-08
Electron focusing for 4MeV linear structure MATRIX typea M. Staszczak National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk,, 2013-04-15
Analysis of particles produced in copper and glass irradiated by cosmic raysa A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-05-20
What are the challenges and prospects for commercialization of the AiD project results, especially intraoperative accelerator? An attempt to answer on the basis of the history of the development of intraoperative accelerator market leader, the company IntraOp Medical Corpa P. Adrich National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-05-23
Summary of work progress in the first half of 2013a M. Staszczak National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-06-18
Production of particles by cosmic rays, parameterized in the range of 100keV to 400MeVa A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-06-20
Photons generated by a modified shield of 1MeV acceleratora A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-06-27
Introduction to measurement of megavoltage X-ray radiation attenuation in concretes and other shielding materialsa P. Adrich National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-07-03
Proton therapy in USa A. Wysocka-Rabin National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-08-06
The radiation generated by different materials irradiated with electrons with an energy of 150keVa A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-09-02
Production of particles by cosmic rays, parameterized in the range of 100keV to 400MeV – supplementa A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-09-09 Division of Particle Acceleration Physics&Technology 121
Activation of carbon target irradiated with protonsa A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk,, 2013-10-02
Production of particles by cosmic rays, parameterized in the range of 100keV to 400MeV – supplement 2a A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-10-02
HVL calculation for aluminum for the accelerator with 1MV beam energya A. Wasilewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-13
Preliminary assesment of impact of light simulation mirror on therapeutical electron beam in the demonstartor of advanced linear accelerator for modern radiotherapya P. Adrich National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-11-26
a) in Polish
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
P. Adrich - Supervision of engineering thesis of miss Ewa Oponowicz, student at Technical University of Warsaw.
W. Drabik - High school lectures and exerises on: - Linear algebra and geometry - Analysis of single and many variables functions - Base programming in Java - Obiect oriented programming in Java
S. Wronka - Lecture and workshop: "e-Citizien" during "In digital world - trainings, workshops, courses" conference - Lectures: "Biomedical Accelerators", Warsaw University of Technology
A. Wysocka-Rabin - Lecture during cources for medical doctors - lecture during courses for medical doctors
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
J. Borkowski European Spallation Source Scandinavia; member of Accelerator group
S. Wronka Polish Society of Medical Physics National Centre for Nuclear Research
A. Wysocka-Rabin Polish Society of Medical Physics PTCOG Polish Society of Radiation Oncology WiN Poland, Women in Nuclear , vice chair Polish Nuclear Society National Centre for Nuclear Research
122 Annual Report 2013
PERSONNEL
Research Scientists
Przemysław Adrich, Dr. Adam Wasilewski, Dr. Jerzy Lorkiewicz Dr. Sławomir Wronka, Dr. Eugeniusz Pławski, Dr. Anna Wysocka-Rabin, Dr.
Technical And Administrative Staff
Jerzy Bigolas, M.Sc. Konrad Kosiński, M.Sc. Krzysztof Bigolas Andrzej Kucharczyk M.Sc. Józef Bogowicz Andrzej Łubian Wojciech Drabik, M.Sc. Marcin Staszczak, M.Sc. Michał Dziewiecki Dr. Karol Szymczyk, Eng. Wojciech Dziewiecki, M.Sc. Michał Świniarski Adam Galant Marcin Wojciechowski, M.Sc. Michał Jarosz , M.Sc. Henryk Wojnarowski Marian Klimasz, M.Sc. Maria Zielińska
Division of Interdisciplinary Applications of Physics 123
DIVISION OF INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS OF PHYSICS
Head of Division: Dr. Jan Sernicki phone: +48 22 2731461 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The activities of the Division in 2013 were focused on the following areas of application of physics: ● Medical physics: - modernization of X-ray generators for applications in medicine and for applications in scientific research as a source of very soft X rays; - work on application of photon needles in HDR radiotherapy. ● Environmental physics: - measurements of the suspended dust concentrations in the air in Świerk - work on air pollution prediction methods using neural networks and wavelet analysis; tests of an advanced version of a pollution predictor - tests of the applicability of electron beam flue gas treatment technology for purification of exhaust gases with high NOx concentrations; performed in the laboratory plant at INCT - work on electron beam technology for multipollutant emissions control from coal-fired boilers. ● Nanodosimetry, radiation field modelling, radiation detectors, cyclotron operation: - study of the ionization clusters produced by Auger electrons within structures of nanometre sizes using the “Jet Counter” facility - work on medical and environmental dosimetry of neutron and X and gamma radiation - mathematical modelling of nuclear radiation sources and calculations of the radiation field parameters; tests of the MCNP transport code (version 5) for various applications - studies of spectrometric properties of Parallel Plate Avalanche Counters - modernization of our 25 MeV proton cyclotron for applications in experimental studies on activation methods for heavy metals. ● Nuclear physics: - modelling of nuclear spallation processes produced by high energy protons and deuterons, modelling of radioactive isotope generation ● Program “Accelerators and Detectors”: - work on the demonstrator-device of a low energy accelerator with X-ray tube for applications in medicine ● Program “4Labs”: - modernization of the environmental measurements laboratory ● Program “BioQuaRT”: - a group from our Division has been actively participating in the EURAMET project named “Biologically weighted quantities in radiotherapy”. The Jet Counter technique will be applied to nanodosimetry studies of carbon ions as a work package in this project ● Project NCBiR: - project financed by the National Centre for Research and Development (NCBiR) named “Improvement of the high sensitivity measuring station for neutron and gamma radiation detection for environmental measurements and for workplace monitoring inside a nuclear power plant”
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● Program “Świerk Computing Centre: infrastructure and service for power-engineering”: - assessing computer models and codes for nuclear power plants (NPPs), investigating severe accident phenomena in NPPs. We collaborate among others with the Jagiellonian University, Silesian University in Katowice, Warsaw Technical University, Oncology Institute in Warsaw, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics of Warsaw Univ., Institute of Medical Physics of Warsaw Univ., Institute for Plasma Physics and Laser Microsynthesis in Warsaw, Central Office of Measures in Warsaw, Voivodeship Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in Warsaw, Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling of Warsaw Univ., Heavy Ion Laboratory of Warsaw Univ., PSI Villigen, Univ. of Virginia, PTB Braunschweig, LNL−INFN Legnaro, ENEA Italy, PoliMi Italy, IRSN France, ITN Portugal, NPL United Kingdom, JINR Dubna, and also other divisions of our Centre.
Dr. Jan Sernicki
Division of Interdisciplinary Applications of Physics 125
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Nanodosimetry of Electrons S. Pszona, A. Bantsar, B. Grosswendt 16th International Symosium on Microdosimetry MICROS 2013 (Italy, Treviso, 2013-10-20 - 2013-10-25)
Barrier height distributions – the influence of weak channels A. Trzcińska, E. Piasecki, W. Czarnacki, N. Keeley, M. Kisieliński, K. Rusek, I. Strojek, XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 (2014) 383
Joint Research Project BioQuaRT “Biologically weighted quantities in radiotherapy” Wielkości pomiarowe w radioterapii z uwzględnieniem efektów biologicznych. S. Pszona Główny Urząd Miar „Udział Polski w Europejskich Programach Metrologicznych – EMRP i EMPIR“ (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-11-05 - 2013-11-05)
Electron beam technology for multipollutant emissions control from coal-fired boiler, current issues J. Licki, A.G. Chmielewski, A. Pawelec, Z. Zimek, A. Bigos XI Konferencja Problemy Badawcze Energetyki Cieplnej (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-12-10 - 2013-12-13) J. Power Technol. Vol. 93 No 5 (2013) 330-339
Oral Presentations
Division of the Energy Marketinto Zones in Variable Weather Conditions using Locational Marginal Prices K. Wawrzyniak, G. Oryńczak, M. Kłos, A. Goska, M. Jakubek European Conference on Complex Systems (Spain, Barcelona, 2013-09-16 - 2013-09-20)
Division of the Energy Marketinto Zones in Variable Weather Conditions using Locational Marginal Prices K. Wawrzyniak, G. Oryńczak, M. Kłos, A. Goska, M. Jakubek IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Austria, Wienn, 2013-11-10 - 2013-11- 13), Ieee Industrial Electronics Society. Annual Conference. 39th 2013. (Iecon 2013) (In Press)
Linear Space of Power Transfer Distribution Factors - a new way to perform a zonal division of an electrical grid K. Wawrzyniak, M. Kłos, G. Oryńczak, M. Jakubek European Conference on Complex Systems (Spain, Barcelona, 2013-09-16 - 2013-09-20)
Posters
Low-level gamma and neutron monitoring based on use of proportional counters filled with He-3 in polythene moderator - study of the reponses to gamma and neutrons. S. Pszona, A. Bantsar, P. Tulik, K. Wincel, B. Zaręba Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Experimental investigation of the carbon ion track structure in nanometric volumes A. Bantsar, G. Hilger, S. Pszona, H. Rabusand, Z. Szeflinski Nano-IBCT 2013: Nanoscale Insights into Ion Beam Cancer Therapy (Poland, Sopot, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-24)
Electron beam treatment of exhaust gas with high NOx concentration J. Licki, A.G. Chmielewski, A. Pawelec, Z. Zimek, S. Witman PLASMA-2013, International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06), Phys. Scr. Vol. 161 No 014067 (2014) 1-4
New Horizons for Electron Beam Flue Gas Treatment Technology A.G. Chmielewski, A. Pawelec, J. Licki, Y. Sun, Z. Zimek International Meeting on Radiation Processing (China, Shanghai, 2013-11-04 - 2013-11-08), Radiat. Phys. Chem. (2014)
Divine et impera - Zonal Division of Elecricity Markets K. Wawrzyniak, M. Kłos, G. Oryńczak, M. Jakubek Sympozjum naukowe NCBJ (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
126 Annual Report 2013
Low-level gamma and neutron monitoring based on use of proportional counters filled with He-3 in polythene moderator - study of the reponses to gamma and neutrons. S. Pszona, A. Bantsar, P. Tulik, K. Wincel, B. Zaręba Neutron Ion Dosimetry Symposium Neudos 12 (France, aix-en-provence, 2013-06-03 - 2013-06-07)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Transmutation of nuclear waste in fast reactors and accelerator-driven systems.a A. Polański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, 2013-04-11
Development of Dynamical Model for Simulation of Nuclear Spallation.b A. Polański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warszawa, 2013-06-28
a) in Polish b) in English
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Modeling of Nuclear Spallation Processesa A. Polański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk 2013-03-05
The state of works in assignments NALRa M. Traczyk National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk 2013-03-05
Steady state realization NALR.a M. Słapa National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk 2013-05-29
a) in Polish b) in English
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
A. Bantsar - Warsaw University, Physics department. Marcin Pietrzak - "Ionization cluster size distributions produced by charged particles in rare gases". S. Pszona - "Dosimetric Charakteryzation of electronic sources of X-rays used in medicine based on photonic needle developed in NCBJ"
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
J. Bielecki Member, European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action CM1002 "Convergent Distributed Environment for Computational Spectroscopy"
T. Kozłowski Member of Scientific Council Member of NCBJ Scientific Council
J. Licki Member of the Section of Plasma Physics of Committee of Physics Member of Problem`s Commission No.280-Air Quality of Polish Committee for Standardization Division of Interdisciplinary Applications of Physics 127
A. Polański Member of the Scientific-Technical Council of Laboratory of Information Technologes, JINR,Dubna, Russia.
S. Pszona Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
PERSONNEL
Research scientists
Aliaksandr Bantsar, Dr. Jakub Bielecki, Dr. CIŚ Tadeusz Kozłowski Janusz Licki, Dr. Aleksander Polański, Dr. Stanisław Pszona, Dr. Jan Sernicki, Dr. Mieczysław Słapa, Assoc.Prof. Piotr Szymański, Assoc.Prof. Krzysztof Wincel, M.Sc. Jolanta Wojtkowska, Dr. Barbara Zaręba, M.Sc.
Technical and administrative staff
Bogusz Małgorzata, M.Sc. Marek Lasiewicz, M.Sc. Jacek Bzdak, M.Sc. Marian Laskus Adam Dudziński Maria Matul, M.Sc. Stanisław Gębalski, M.Sc. Paweł Matuszczak Aneta Goska, Dr. Piotr Mazarewicz, M.Sc. Aneta Gójska, Dr. Zuzanna Mianowska, M.Sc. Krystian Grodzicki, M.Sc. Stefan Mikołajewski Tobiasz Jarosiewicz, M.Sc. Tomasz Pławski, Eng. Elżbieta Jaworska Mirosław Snopek Maciej Kisieliński, M.Sc. Mieczysław Sowiński, Dr. Łukasz Korczak, M.Sc. Jakub Szymanowski Magdalena Kośla, M.Sc. Marek Traczyk, M.Sc. Marek Kowalski, M.Sc. Halina Trzaskowska Alicja Kurdej
128 Annual Report 2013
Tadeusz Kozłowski (1939-2013)
With a great shock and deep sadness we learned that our friend Tadek Kozłowski died suddenly on May 17th, 2013.
For over a half of century, Tadek was working at Świerk in IBJ, IPJ and NCBJ, after graduating from the Faculty of Physics at University of Warsaw. In 1961 he joined the Institute of Nuclear Research working in the famous Nuclear Physics Department IA. From the beginning, Tadek was involved in designing and operating accelerators Proton Linear Accelerator ANDRZEJ, mass spectrometers (e.g., IGISOL) and detectors.
In 1967-1970 he was working at Dubna and in 1972 he obtained PhD for studying muon interaction with matter.
In 1978 Tadek started a long-term collaboration with the Paul Scherer Institute (PSI) in Villigen, Switzerland, mostly in SINDRUM and PIBETA experiments. Tadek was one of the leading physicist in the discussion of these experiments. The collaboration with physicists at PSI was connected with investigations of very rear decays of particles produced in medium energy interactions. In case of the SINDRUM experiments, the observation of the muon-electron conversion would give evidence that the lepton favour is not conserved and this, in turn, is a sign of new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The result obtained in this experiment in 2000 still remains the most precise one.
Tadek was an active member of the Polish Neutrino Group dealing with neutrino oscillations. He participated in the ICARUS experiment being responsible for part of the external triggering system.
In last years Tadek was working in the Accelerators & Detectors (AiD) project being a well recognized expert and a critic of proposed solutions.
opinions or comments related to our other studies, e.g., of scintillation detectors.
For many years, Tadek was a head of Division of Interdisciplinary Applications of Physics, previously Department of Nuclear Spectroscopy and Technique. He was a member of the Scientific Council of our Institute.
Tadek liked fishing, mushroom picking, classical music and solitaire playing. Photography was another his hobby.
Tadek’s insightful understanding of physics was always appreciated by all people working with him. With only few words he got his point across clearly. Discussions with him quite often were warm and not always easy. For sure, Tadek did not support any compromise. Trying to convince him was a hard job.
We lost Tadek and the great partner in a number of common developments – we will continue to miss and remember him fondly.
Marek Moszyński Maria Szeptycka Jolanta Wojtkowska Izabella Zychor
and colleagues working with Tadek in last 50 years
Division of Radiation Detectors 129
DIVISION OF RADIATION DETECTORS
Head of Division: Dr. Łukasz Świderski phone: +48 22 2731603 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Radiation Detectors Division was established at the beginning of 2012 as part of the former Division of Detectors and Nuclear Electronics. Most of our division’s activity is focused on the characterization of scintillation detectors for neutron and gamma ray radiation. Performance of scintillation detectors coupled to various photodetectors is also extensively studied. In the last year our efforts were concentrated on: - measuring the non-proportionality response of separate decay modes in NaI:Tl scintillators - characterization of high density Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) performance in gamma and X-ray spectrometry using scintillators - characterization of microPMT, a novel type photodetector for scintillation readout - characterization of recently developed plastic scintillators with n/γ discrimination capability - characterization of basic properties of scintillators, including non-proportional response to the deposited energy and its relation to energy resolution, decay time, timing resolution and detection efficiency - development of the Ion Sputtering (Al, B, Sb) method for production of new type semiconductor radiation de- tectors. The results of our studies were used in the realization of several projects, including: - A&D, neutron demonstrator SWAN and X-ray radiography: In cooperation with the Division of Electronics and Detection Systems, we are involved in the development of the of Neutron Activation Analysis demonstrator (SWAN) for the detection of explosives and drugs and the X-ray radiography demonstrator (CANIS) for inspec- tion of large-scale cargo - A&D, Photofission: methods for detection of fissile materials by means of photofission are studied by means of a linear accelerator - MODES_SNM: we are involved in the development of a modular detection system for special nuclear material detection using high pressure gas detectors based on He-4 (neutron detection) and Xe (gamma ray detection). In the last year, laboratory characterization of the integrated system performance has been done - EURATOM: we are involved in the construction of a gamma camera for inspection of thermofusion reactions. The programme covers a comparative study of scintillator, that may be potentially used in a gamma camera. Simulations of the detector response to gamma radiation are performed in parallel in order to choose the optimal configuration of the detector. Studies devoted to the choice of anoptimal photodetector will be commenced in the nearest future. - RaM-ScaN: the aim of the project is to develop a system for controlling the chemical composition of raw materials used in cement production. The method of scanning will be based on Neutron Activation Analysis. - COST network: COST is a programme oriented to experience exchange between scientists involved in projects related to nuclear medicine. Our participation allows us to visit other Institutes and companies to develop new measurement techniques and to host guests from other Institutions. Most of the scientific achievements of the Division were summarized in 22 reviewed publications, published mainly in IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., J. of Instrum. and Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A. Besides that, our scientists pre- sented 16 contributions at international conferences – including 5 presentations at the IEEE Nuclear Science Sym- posium and Medical Imaging Conference 2011 in Anaheim, USA and 2 invited talks during various Workshops.
130 Annual Report 2013
The Division has been also involved in scientific collaborations with a number of international centre, such as the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, KMUTT Bangkok, Thailand, CEA-Saclay, France, ISC Kharkov, Ukraine, LNL INFN, Italy, Tohoku University, Japan, and companies such as Saint-Gobain, France, Scionix B.V., Holland, Siemens, USA, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Tokuyama and C-and-A., Japan. Details regarding the Division is achievements in selected areas can be found in the dedicated records of this Annual Report.
Dr. Łukasz Świderski Division of Radiation Detectors 131
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Absolute light output of scintillators,methods of the measurements, problems M. Moszyński Advanced Scintillation Materials – 2013 (Ukraine, Kharkov, 2013-09-23 - 2013-09-27)
Barrier height distributions – the influence of weak channels A. Trzcińska, E. Piasecki, W. Czarnacki, N. Keeley, M. Kisieliński, K. Rusek, I. Strojek, XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 (2014) 383
Oral Presentations
Performance of FBK high-density SiPMs in scintillation spectrometry M. Grodzicka, T. Szczęśniak, M. Moszyński, A. Ferri, C. Piemonte, M. Szawłowski, A. Gola, A. Tarolli 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, and Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors workshop. (Korea, Seul, 2013-10-27 - 2013-11-02)
Non-proportionality and Energy Resolution of Xe Gas Scintillator in Gamma-rays Spectrometry Ł. Świderski, J. Iwanowska, M. Moszyński, M. Szawłowski 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, and Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors workshop. (Korea, Seul, 2013-10-27 - 2013-11-02)
Comparison of various plastic scintillators with pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities based on polystyrene (PS) J. Iwanowska, M. Moszyński, Ł. Świderski, P. Sibczyński, T. Krakowski 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, and Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors workshop. (Korea, Seul, 2013-10-27 - 2013-11-02) Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC) Vol. 1 (2013) N20-2
Characterization of CLYC response to Compton electrons and gamma-rays Ł. Świderski, J. Iwanowska, M. Grodzicka, M. Moszyński, C. Plettner 12th International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Applications (SCINT 2013) (China, Szanghaj, 2013-04- 14 - 2013-04-19)
Characterization of new GAGG:Ce scintillators with different Al-to-Ga ratio P. Sibczyński, J. Iwanowska, M. Moszyński, L. Swiderski, M. Szawłowski, K. Kamada, A. Yoshikawa, H. Sato 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, and Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors workshop. (Korea, Seul, 2013-10-27 – 2013-11-02)
The Ka12 X-ray line widths in Ca ~ Ge elements Y. Ito, T. Tochio, H. Ohashi, S. Fukushima, M. Polasik, K. Słabkowska, E. Szymańska, J. Starosta, J. Rzadkiewicz The 12th Asia Pacific Physics Conference of AAPPS (Japan, Chiba, 2013-07-14 - 2013-07-19)
Mems high-doses radiation sensor I. Augustyniak, J. Dziuban, P. Knapkiewicz, M. Matusiak, M. Olszacki, P. Pons TRANSDUCERS 2013 (Spain, Barcelona, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Non-proportionality measurements of fast and slow decay mode in NaI:Tl Ł. Świderski, M. Moszyński, W. Czarnacki, M. Grodzicka, J. Iwanowska, P. Sibczyński, A. Syntfeld-Każuch, M. Szawłowski, T. Szczęśniak Advanced Scintillation Materials – 2013 (Ukraine, Kharkov, 2013-09-23 - 2013-09-27)
Posters
Wpływ promieniowania jonizującego na właściwości optyczne szkieł stosowanych w technice mikrosystemów K. Sareło, I. Augustyniak, P. Knapkiewicz, M. Matusiak, M. Olszacki ELTE 2013 (Poland, Ryn, 2013-04-16 - 2013-04-20)
MicroPMT – a New Photodetector for Gamma Spectrometry and Fast Timing? T. Szczęśniak, M. Grodzicka, M. Moszyński, M. Szawłowski 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, and Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors workshop. (Korea, Seul, 2013-10-27 - 2013-11-02)
132 Annual Report 2013
Modeling of the x-ray spectrum structure for tungsten ions in high-temperature tokamak plasmas K. Słabkowska, M. Polasik, E. Szymanska, J. Starosta, Ł. Syrocki, J. Rzadkiewicz, N.R. Pereira PLASMA 2013 International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06)
Diagnostics of plasma based on K, L and M x-ray line positions K. Słabkowska, E. Szymańska, J. Starosta, M. Polasik, N.R. Pereira, J. Rzadkiewicz, M. Kubkowska, A. Czarnecka PLASMA 2013 International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 – 2013- 09-06)
Measurement of the high gamma radiation dose using the mems based dosimeter and radiolisys effect M. Olszacki, M. Matusiak, I. Augustyniak, P. Knapkiewicz, J. Dziuban, P. Pons, E. Debourg MicroMechanics Europe (Finland, Helsinki, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-03)
Czujnik MEMS do pomiaru wysokich dawek promieniowania jonizującego I. Augustyniak, P. Knapkiewicz, J. Dziuban, M. Olszacki, P. Pons ELTE 2013 (Poland, Ryn, 2013-04-16 - 2013-04-20)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Shielding properties of dense concretes.a J. Rzadkiewicz Kraków, AGH University of Science and Technology , 2013-11-18
Fast neutron detection by organic scintillatorsb M. Moszyński Legnaro, INFN, 2013-03-05
New Scintillators and Origin of Limitations of Energy Resolutionb M. Moszyński Bangkok, KMUTT, 2013-11-20
Optimization of Detectors for Time of Flight Positron Emission Tomographyb T. Szczęśniak Bangkok, King Mongkuts University of Technology Thonburi, KMUTT, 2013-11-20
Silicon Photomultipliers in Gamma Spectrometryb M. Grodzicka Bangkok, King Mongkut\'s University of Technology Thonburi: KMUTT, 2013-11-27
a) in Polish b) in English
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Accelerators and Detectors project for oncology therapy and border monitoringa A. Syntfeld-Każuch Warsaw, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 2013-06-15
From research to application - on interdisciplinary activities in Department of Nuclear Techniques and Equipmenta A. Syntfeld-Każuch Warsaw, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 2013-06-15
Analysis of gamma-ray spectra recorded using the BGO scintillatora A. Gójska Otwock-Świerk, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 2013-09-04
a)in Polish
Division of Radiation Detectors 133
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
A. Gójska Polish Physical Society
M. Moszyński session chairman on Advanced Scintillation Materials – 2013 in Kharkov, Ukraine session chairman on 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, and Room-Temperature semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors workshop. in Seul, Korea member of Advisory Board on International Workshop on Radiopure Scintillators (RPSCINT 2013) in Kyiv, Ukraine member of Advisory Board on Advanced Scintillation Materials – 2013 in Kharkov, Ukraine Fellow of IEEE member of TransNational Committee of IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Science Society member of the Management Committee of COST Action TD1007, "Bimodal PET-MRI molecular imaging technologies and applications for in vivo monitoring of disease and biological processes" (www.pet-mri.eu) Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A, Elsevier, Member of Advisory Editorial Board Journal of Instrumentation, Institute of Physics Publishing, Member of Editorial Board Recent Patents on Engineering, Bentham Science Publishers, Member of Editorial Board National Centre for Nuclear Research, Member of Scientific Council
Ł. Świderski Member of IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society
A. Syntfeld-Każuch Member of IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Member of scientific council, National Centre for Nuclear Research
PERSONNEL
Scientific staff
Eugeniusz Belcarz, M.Eng. Paweł Sibczyński, MSc. Wiesław Czarnacki, Dr. Agnieszka Syntfeld-Każuch, Dr. Aneta Gójska, Dr. Marek Szawłowski, M.Eng. Martyna Grodzicka-Kobyłka, M.Eng. Tomasz Szczęśniak, Dr. Joanna Iwanowska-Hanke, M.Sc. Łukasz Świderski, Dr. Andrzej Kotlarski, M.Eng. Dariusz Wolski, M.Eng. Jan Kownacki, Professor Izabella Zychor, Dr. Marek Moszyński, Professor Maciej Kapusta, Dr. Olszacki Michał, Dr. Slawomir Mianowski, M.Sc. Jacek Rzadkiewicz, Dr. Monika Kos, MSc.
Technical and administration staff
Andrzej Dziedzic Kostrzewa Krzysztof Dominika Rozmej-Stępień Tadeusz Sworobowicz
134 Annual Report 2013
Division of Electronics and Detection Systems 135
DIVISION OF ELECTRONICS AND DETECTION SYSTEMS
Head of Division: Dr. Michał Gierlik phone: +48 22 2731603 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The end of 2013 marks the second year of the Division of Electronics and Detection Systems existence and activity. The team takes part in various projects, providing expertise and support whenever the need for high end elec-tronics arises. Our goal is to maintain our technology edge by participating in challenging projects and collabora-tions while actively seeking commercial opportunities and applications for our solutions. In 2013 the division’s effort was focused on the following topics: A&D, neutron demonstrator SWAN The neutron demonstrator SWAN was finished and is now being used to attract investor attention to the neutron activation analysis technique. The next step is to identify a commercially prospective application scenario and build a dedicated prototype. A&D, X-ray radiography. The InterlaCed Energy CArgo ScaNnIng System (CANIS) is intended to inspect cargo containers using the high energy X-ray radiography method. It consists of two main components;an interlaced energy (4 MeV/ 6 MeV) linear accelerator, and a detection system with dedicated software. Members of the division were responsible for the detection system hardware and the dedicated software for data analysis and visualization. SWISS grant.
The work in the SWISS grant is proceding smoothly, without significant interference. The most important re- sults worth mentioning in the annual report include the following: The "Pi of the Sky" project – in addition to ongoing observation and data processing work on the con-struction of a new version of the Internet controlled robot for ground-based search for optical flashes asso-ciated with gamma-ray bundles is in progress. Project POLAR - further tests of the next qualifying model of the detector, preparation for construction of the flight model, improvement of digital electronics devices and software. Editing of the website – creation of a database for the AKARI project and the development of several popular films thematically related to the work carried out in the Grant,. Computer Centre Świerk - for the needs of astrophysics, mainly the POLAR project, the development of the possibility of conducting parallel calculations on multiple cores. Calculations can also be done over the Internet from remote, even foreign centres. A significant acceleration of the execution of programms was achieved. DESY collaboration. In this collaboration our electronics and software engineers focus on the control of superconducting linear accelerators (FLASH and X-FEL at DESY), and enhancement of their parameters. FLASH, the world's first soft X-ray free-electron laser has been available to the photon science user community for experiments since 2005. TUKAN Multichannel analyser. The TUKAN project group continues production and marketing of the Tukan-8k-USB, analogue multichannel analyzer model interface as well as providing long term support for existing users. The R&D part of the group works on the new, digital Tukan-DSP analyzer and the associated software. The new DSP digital device will be equipped with several interfaces (Ethernet, WiFi, USB), high-voltage supply and other fea-tures. PANDA collaboration. The PANDA experiment consists of a few detectors. Our goal is to develop and build the slow control system for the Cluster-Jet Target Detector. This system is based on National Instrument's CompactRIO and LabVIEW. The controlled and monitored data are transferred to a supervisory system (EPICS) where they are presented to an operator. Cryptography project.
136 Annual Report 2013
The aim of the research grant was to create a cryptographic ecosystem. This system consists of the hardware layer based on an ARM7 microcontroller. When it comes to software, it is referred to the firmware and middleware layer. Implementation of selected cryptographic algorithms has been made on the basis of the language c and specification of the PKCS#11 standard. Details regarding the Division`s achievements in selected areas may be found elaswere in this Annual Report.
Dr. Michał Gierlik Division of Electronics and Detection Systems 137
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talk
Pi of the SkyRoboty w badaniach astrofizycznych A. Ćwiek, T. Batsch, H. Czyrkowski, M. Ćwiok, R. Dąbrowski, G. Kasprowicz, A. Majcher, K. Małek, L. Mankiewicz, K. Nawrocki, R. Opiela, L.W. Piotrowski, M. Siudek, M. Sokołowski, R. Wawrzaszek, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki Wykorzystanie małych teleskopów 2013 (Poland, Kraków-Koninki, 2013-05-10 - 2013-05-12)
Oral Presentations
The JEM-EUSO Instruments J.H. Adams, F. Kajino, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
MTCA.4 LLRF System for the European XFEL J. Branlard, G. Ayvazyan, V. Ayvazyan, M. Grecki, M. Hoffmann, T. Jeżyński, F. Ludwig, U. Mavric, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, C. Schmidt, H. Weddig, B. Yang, P. Barmuta, S.B. Habib, Ł. Butkowski, K. Czuba, M. Grzegrzółka, E. Janas, J. Piekarski, I. Rutkowski, D. Sikora, Ł. Zembala, M. Żukociński, W. Cichalewski, W. Jałmużna, D. Makowski, A. Mielczarek, A. Napieralski, P. Perek, A. Piotrowski, T. Poźniak, K. Przygoda, M. Kudła, J. Szewiński, S. Korolczuk, G. Bołtruczyk, K. Oliwa, W. Wierba 20th International Conference Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems (MIXDES 2013) (Poland, Gdynia, 2013-06- 20 – 2013-06-22)
JEM-EUSO scientific objectives J.H. Adams, E. Parizot, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Feasibility of cw and lp operation of the XFEL LINAC J. Sekutowicz, V. Ayvazyan, J. Branlard, M. Ebert, J. Eschke, T. Feldmann, A. Gössel, D. Kostin, M. Kudła, F. Mittag, W. Merz, C. Müller, R. Onken, I. Sandvoss, A. Sulimov, E. Schneidmiller, M. Yurkov, W. Cichalewski, W. Jałmużna, D. Makowski, A. Piotrowski, K. Przygoda, K. Czuba, J. Szewiński 35th International Free-Electron Laser Conference (USA, New York, 2013-08-26 – 2013-08-30)
EUSO-BALLOON: a pathfinder for observing UHECRs from space J.H. Adams, P. VonBallmoos, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Calibration and testing a prototype of the JEM-EUSO telescope on Telescope Array site J.H. Adams, M. Casolino, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Overview of space-based UHECR observation performance by JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, K. Shinozaki, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Towards the Preliminary Design Review of the Infrared Camera of the JEM-EUSO Space Mission. J.H. Adams, M.D. RodriguezFrias, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
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Recent developments of the european XFEL LLRF system C. Schmidt, G. Ayvazyan, V. Ayvazyan, J. Branlard, Ł. Butkowski, M. Grecki, M. Hoffmann, T. Jeżyński, F. Ludwig, U. Mavric, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, H. Weddig, B. Yang, P. Barmuta, S.B. Habib, K. Czuba, M. Grzegrzółka, E. Janas, J. Piekarski, I. Rutkowski, D. Sikora, Ł. Zembala, M. Żukociński, W. Cichalewski, K. Gnidzińska, W. Jałmużna, D. Makowski, A. Mielczarek, A. Napieralski, P. Perek, T. Poźniak, A. Piotrowski, K. Przygoda, M. Kudła, S. Korolczuk, J. Szewiński, K. Oliwa, W. Wierba 4th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 13) (China, Shanghai, 2013-05-12 - 2013-05-17)
Comparison of various plastic scintillators with pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities based on polystyrene (PS) J. Iwanowska, M. Moszyński, Ł. Świderski, P. Sibczyński, T. Krakowski 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, and Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors workshop. (Korea, Seul, 2013-10-27 - 2013-11-02) Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC) Vol. 1 (2013) N20-2
Nuclearites observations with JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, M. Bertaina, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Pi of the Sky—robotic telescope A. Ćwiek, T. Batsch, H. Czyrkowski, M. Ćwiok, R. Dąbrowski, G. Kasprowicz, A. Majcher, K. Małek, L. Mankiewicz, K. Nawrocki, Ł. Obara, R. Opiela, L.W. Piotrowski, M. Siudek, M. Sokołowski, R. Wawrzaszek, A.F. Żarnecki XXXII-th IEEE SPIE Joint Symposium, Wilga 2013 (Poland, Wilga, 2013-05-26 - 2013-06-02) SPIE No.8903 (2013) p. 12
Euso Balloon: a pathfinder mission for the JEM-EUSO experiment G. Osteria, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig 13th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation (Austria, Wiedeń, 2013-02-11 - 2013-02-15) Nucl. Instr. Meth. A Vol. 732 (2013) 320-324
The TA-EUSO and EUSO-Balloon optics designs J.H. Adams, Y. Takizawa, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Status of the JEM-EUSO Mission J.H. Adams, A. Santangelo, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Posters
Pattern recognition and direction reconstruction for JEM-EUSO experiment J.H. Adams, S. Biktemerova, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
The Front-End Electronics of the EUSO-BALLOON UV Camera J.H. Adams, H. Miyamoto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
On-line and off-line data analysis for the TA-EUSO and BALLOON-EUSO experiments J.H. Adams, L.W. Piotrowski, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Division of Electronics and Detection Systems 139
Detailed description of EUSO-BALLOON instrument J.H. Adams, C. Moretto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Absolute calibration of the focal surface of the Jem-Euso telescope J.H. Adams, P. Gorodetzky, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
UV Night Background Estimation Inside South Atlantic Anomaly J.H. Adams, P. Bobik, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
New Design of the 40 GHz Bunch Arrival Time Monitor Using MTCA.4 Electronics at FLASH and for the European XFEL M.K. Czwalinna, C. Gerth, H. Schlarb, S. Korolczuk, J. Szewiński, A. Kuhl, S.B. Habib International Beam Instrumentation Conference (IBIC 2013) (United Kingdom, Oxford, 2013-09-16 - 2013-09-19)
Photomultiplier Tube Sorting for JEM-EUSO and EUSO-Balloon J.H. Adams, C. Blaksley, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Retrieving cloud top height in the JEM-EUSO Cosmic-ray observation system J.H. Adams, M. Bertaina, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Femtosecond Stable Laser-to-RF Phase Detection for Optical Synchronization Systems T. Lamb, M.K. Czwalinna, M. Felber, C. Gerth, H. Schlarb, S. Schulz, C. Sydlo, M. Titberidze, F. Zummack, J. Szewiński, E. Janas International Beam Instrumentation Conference (IBIC 2013) (United Kingdom, Oxford, 2013-09-16 - 2013-09-19)
Atmospheric Monitoring system of JEM-EUSO telescope J.H. Adams, A. Neronov, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Onboard calibration system of the JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, N. Sakaki, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Observation of extensive air showers produced by ultra high energy cosmic rays in cloudy sky by jem-euso. J.H. Adams, G. SaezCano, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
MTCA Upgrade of the Readout Electronics for the Bunch Arrival Time Monitor at FLASH J. Szewiński, G. Bołtruczyk, S. Korolczuk, C. Gerth, H. Schlarb, S.B. Habib, J. Dobosz, D. Sikora 14th International Conference on Accelerator & Large Experimental Physics Control Systems (ICALEPCS 2013) (USA, San Francisco, 2013-10-06 - 2013-10-11)
Absolute in-flight calibration of the JEM-EUSO telescope with the moonlight J.H. Adams, N. Sakaki, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
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Absolute Fluorescence Spectrum and Yield Measurements for a wide range of experimental conditions J.H. Adams, D. MonnierRagagne, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
From Pulse to Continuous Wave Operation of TESLA Cryomodules – LLRF System Software Modification and Development W. Cichalewski, W. Jałmużna, A. Piotrowski, K. Przygoda, V. Ayvazyan, J. Branlard, H. Schlarb, J. Sekutowicz, J. Szewiński 14th International Conference on Accelerator & Large Experimental Physics Control Systems (ICALEPCS 2013) (USA, San Francisco, 2013-10-06 – 2013-10-11)
Identification of extreme energy photons with JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, A. Supanitsky, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Global Light System for JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, L. Wiencke, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
A study on JEM-EUSO trigger probability for neutrino-initiated EAS J.H. Adams, A. Guzman, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
JEM-EUSO Design for Accommodation on the SpaceX Dragon Spacecraft J.H. Adams, M. Christl, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
LIDAR treatment inside the ESAF Simulation Framework for the JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, S. Toscano, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Analysis of the biological response in CHO-K1 cells to high LET radiation U. Kaźmierczak, D. Banaś, J. Braziewicz, I. Buraczewska, J. Czub, M. Jaskóła, Ł. Kaźmierczak, A. Korman, M. Kruszewski, A. Lankoff, H. Lisowska, M. Nesteruk, Z. Szefliński XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics - Frontiers in Nuclear Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 (2014) 553
Sensitivity of the orbiting JEM-EUSO mission to large-scale cosmic-ray anisotropies J.H. Adams, T. Weiler, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Multi-anode Photomultiplier Tube Reliability analysis and Radiation Hardness Assurance for the JEM-EUSO Space Mission J.H. Adams, H. Prieto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
A simulation code for the IR-Camera of the JEM-EUSO Space Observatory. J.H. Adams, J.A. MoralesDeLosRios, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09) Division of Electronics and Detection Systems 141
Second level trigger and Cluster Control Board for the JEM-EUSO mission J.H. Adams, J. Bayer, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
POLAR the Space Experiment to Study Origin of Gamma Ray Bursts A. Zwolińska, T. Batsch, K. Jędrzejczak, J. Karczmarczyk, R. Marcinkowski, A. Rutczyńska, D. Rybka, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 (2014) 255
ESAF-Simulation of the EUSO-Balloon J.H. Adams, T. Mernik, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Performance of the SPACIROC front-end ASIC for JEM-EUSO J.H. Adams, H. Miyamoto, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Simulating the JEM-EUSO Mission: Scientific Objectives and Expected Performance J.H. Adams, T. Mernik, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) – The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 – 2013-07-09)
Polowanie na błyski gamma teleskopami Pi of the Sky A. Ćwiek, T. Batsch, H. Czyrkowski, M. Ćwiok, R. Dąbrowski, G. Kasprowicz, A. Majcher, K. Małek, L. Mankiewicz, K. Nawrocki, R. Opiela, L.W. Piotrowski, M. Siudek, M. Sokołowski, R. Wawrzaszek, G. Wrochna, M. Zaremba, A.F. Żarnecki Wykorzystanie małych teleskopów 2013 (Poland, Kraków-Koninki, 2013-05-10 - 2013-05-12)
Simulations and the analysis of fake trigger events background in JEM-EUSO experiment J.H. Adams, S. Biktemerova, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
Manufacturing of the TA-EUSO and EUSO-Balloon lenses J.H. Adams, Y. Hachisu, T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig The 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2013) - The Astroparticle Physics Conference (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-07-02 - 2013-07-09)
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
J. Gocałek - Student to practice.
M. Gosk - Tutor of Damian Cacko in TJ4 department
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
Z. Guzik Polskie Normy, Polish Standards Polish Stanardization Committee
142 Annual Report 2013
PERSONNEL
Scientific staff: Ignacy Kudła, M.Eng. Tadeusz Batsch, Dr. Aleksandra Rutczyńska, M.Eng. Stanisław Borsuk, M.Eng. Dominik Rybka, M.Eng. Arkadiusz Chłopik, M.Eng. Jarosław Szewiński, M.Eng. Michał Gierlik, Dr. Krystyna Traczyk, M.Sc. Jarosław Gocałek, M.Eng. Marcin Gosk, M.Eng. Technical and administration: Zbigniew Guzik, Assoc. Prof. Krzysztof Leśniewski Łukasz Kaźmierczak, M.Sc. Dariusz Sabała Tomasz Kaźmierczak M.Sc. Maciej Sitek Stefan Korolczuk, M.Eng. Agata Szubińska Tomasz Krakowski, M.Sc.
Division of Plasma Studies 143
DIVISION OF PLASMA STUDIES
Head of Division: Dr. Jarosław Żebrowski phone: +48 22 2731611 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
Activities of the Plasma Studies Division (TJ5) in 2013 were concentrated on two research topics, the same as in the previous year: - Studies of fast electrons, ions, neutrons, and X-ray emissions within different research facilities of the PF-, RPI-, ICF- and Tokamak-type by means of different diagnostic techniques; - Investigations of high-temperature plasma streams and their interactions with solid targets. In the framework of the EURATOM programme a diagnostic technique based on a Cherenkov-type detector and designed especially for an FTU tokamak was further developed. The measuring head was installed within the FTU tokamak, and during the experimental session some streams of fast runaway electrons were recorded. The Cherenkov signals were observed in the phase of discharge disruption as usually, and additionally a new kind of modulated signals from the Cherenkov detector has been identified. The modulated character of these signals resulted probably from the rotation of magnetic islands around the tokamak torus. The observed correlation of the recorded signals has beeen found for the first time by means of the Cherenkov diagnostics, and it will be an object of further investigations, both theoretical and experimental. In 2013, using two similar Cherenkov detectors, it was possible at the ISTTOK tokamak to perform research on the mutual influence of the applied probes, which have been used for measurements of fast electron streams inside the tokamak chamber, as well as the influence of these on other detectors and the behaviour of a plasma ring. In the framework of the second task of the EURATOM programme a new ion pinhole camera and a special manipulator, suitable for inserting such a camera into the vacuum vessel of the COMPASS tokamak, were finally manufactured. This camera will be equipped with a nuclear track detector of the CR-39/PM-355 type, and the first measurements within the COMPASS facility are planned for the first half of 2014. In the framework of the national programme concerning the “Studies and development of technology for controlled thermonuclear fusion“ in 2013 the main efforts were concentrated on the development of new diagnostic tools for ion measurements under extreme thermal loads expected in future fusion reactors. The technical project of ion probes was completed, an universal manipulator for exchangeable positioning of two measuring heads was designed and constructed. Both measuring heads were finally manufactured. Laboratory tests of the complete probes were carried out in the RPI-IBIS and PF-360 facilities. The second task of the described programme concerned the technical modernization of the PF-360 facility, which was almost finalized. As regards investigations of pulsed plasma streams, many efforts were devoted to studies of plasma produced from tungsten-, CFC- and SiC-targets irradiated within the modified DPF-1000U facility. The spectroscopic measurements carried out made it possible to determine the dynamics of the optical emission and to identify ion species in the free-propagating plasma streams and plasma produced at the target surface. Other efforts concerned research on coatings obtained by means of the IPD (Impulse Plasma Deposition) process. The measurements were performed at the Warsaw University of Technology. In the framework of scientific collaboration with the IPP KIPT in Kharkov studies of the behavior of different materials irradiated by intense plasma streams from plasma accelerators were also performed. During 2013 at the Plasma Studies Division (TJ5) employed 15 persons; eight of them belonged to the scientific teams, one belonged to the research-technical staff, and six constituted the technical and administrative staff. In 2013, TJ5 researchers published 14 papers and presented 20 contributions at various international conferences.
Dr. Jarosław Żebrowski
144 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
Development of the PF-6 device for the goals of the mainstream fusion research and spin-off applications: medicine, biology, material science, etc. S. Jednoróg,... , E. Składnik-Sadowska, ... et al. International Atomic Energy Agency
Modernization of PF-100 facility for the goals of the main-stream fusion researches M. Scholz, ... , A. Szydłowski, R. Prokopowicz, ... et al. International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Status of Plasma-Focus Research in Poland M. Scholz, K. Drozdowicz, L. Karpinski, V. Krauz, P. Kubes, M. Paduch, T. Pisarczyk, M.J. Sadowski, U. Woznicka, E. Zielinska, K. Czaus, K. Malinowski, R. Kwiatkowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska, J. Żebrowski International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06)
Overview of Experimental Studies at DPF-1000 Performed by the NCBJ Team in 2013 M.J. Sadowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, K. Czaus, W. Surała, D. Załoga, M. Paduch, M. Kubkowska, M. Ladygina International Workshop on Dense Magnetized Plasmas (ICDMP-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-06 – 2013-09-07)
Plasma as a Specific Environment for Nanomaterials Synthesis during Coatings Deposition K. Zdunek, K. Nowakowska-Langier, R. Chodun, S. Okrasa, M. Rabiński Invitation to 3rdAnnual World Congress of Nano Science & Technology (Nano S&T-2013) (China, Xi’an, 2013-09-26 - 2013-09-28)
Synchrotronowa topografia dyfrakcyjna w badaniach struktury defektowej monokryształów otrzymywanych metodą Czochralskiego W. Wierzchowski, K. Wieteska, A. Malinowska, E. Wierzbicka, M. Lefeld-Sosnowska 55 Konwersatorium Krystalograficzne55th Polish Crystallographic Meeting (Poland, Wrocław, 2013-06-27 – 2013-06-28)
Pulsed plasma processes of surface engineering K. Zdunek, K. Nowakowska-Langier, R. Chodun, J. Dora, M. Rabiński 7-th Symposium on Vacuum based Science and Technology in conjunction with the 12-th Annual Meeting of the German Vacuum Society (DVG) (Poland, Kołobrzeg, 2013-11-19 - 2013-11-21) J. Phys. Conf. Ser. (in press)
Optical Emission Spectroscopy of Free-Propagating Plasma Streams and Plasma Produced during Their Interactions with Solid Targets E. Składnik-Sadowska, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, M. Kubkowska, M. Paduch, M. Scholz, V.A. Gribkov, I.E. Garkusha, M.S. Ladygina, V.A. Makhlay, A.K. Marchenko International Seminar on Actual Problems of Plasma Physics (Ukraine, Kharkov, 2013-01-16 - 2013-01-17)
Passive Corpuscular Diagnostics of Charged Particles Emission from High-Temperature Plasma Experiments M.J. Sadowski, K. Czaus, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska, J. Żebrowski, M. Paduch, M. Scholz, I.E. Garkusha, V.A. Makhlay International Seminar on Actual Problems of Plasma Physics (Ukraine, Kharkov, 2013-01-16 - 2013-01-17)
Oral Presentations
Volidation of the Warsaw Cyclotron for Radiobiological Research U. Kaźmierczak, D. Banaś, J. Braziewicz, J. Choiński, J. Czub, M. Jaskóła, A. Korman, M. Kruszewski, A. Lankoff, H. Lisowska, A. Malinowska, Z. Szefliński, M. Wojewódźka XVI Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Badań Radiacyjnych (Poland, Białowieża, 2013-09-23 – 2013-09-26)
Corpuscular diagnostics in the edge plasma” J. Żebrowski “Science on Wendelstein 7-X” Polish-German Mini-Workshop (Germany, Greifswald, 2013-06-20 - 2013-06-21) Division of Plasma Studies 145
Investigation of Interactions of Intense Plasma Streams with Tungsten and CFC Targets in the PF-1000 Facility M. Kubkowska, E. Składnik-Sadowska, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, E. Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, M. Paduch, M.J. Sadowski, T. Pisarczyk, T. Chodukowski, Z. Kalinowska, E. Zielinska, M. Scholz International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 – 2013- 09-06)
Research on Interactions of Intense Plasma-Ion Streams with a SiC Target in a Modified PF-1000 Facility E. Składnik-Sadowska, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski, M. Kubkowska, M. Paduch, M. Scholz, E. Zielinska, V. Gribkov, E.V. Demina, S.A. Maslyaev, V.N. Pimenov International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 – 2013- 09-06)
On Coatings Adhesion During the Impulse Plasma Deposition K. Nowakowska-Langier, R. Chodun, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, S. Okrasa, E. Składnik-Sadowska, M.J. Sadowski, K. Zdunek International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06)
Research on laser-removal of a deuterium deposit from a graphite sample M. Kubkowska, E. Składnik-Sadowska, K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski, M. Rosiński, P. Gąsior Plasma Physics by Lase and Applications – PPLA 2013 (Italy, Lecce, 2013-10-02 - 2013-10-04).
Cherenkov-Type Diagnostics of Fast Electrons within Tokamak Plasmas L. Jakubowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, K. Malinowski, M. Rabiński, M.J. Jakubowski, R. Mirowski International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06)
Posters
Ghost segregation pattern and other defects in mixed strontium-calcium-barium niobates W. Wierzchowski, K. Wieteska, A. Malinowska 10 Krajowe Sympozjum Użytkowników Promieniowania Synchrotronowego, KSUPS-10 (Poland, Stalowa Wola, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11)
Tungsten Damage and Melt Losses under the Plasma Accelerators Exposures in ITER ELM Conditions V.A. Makhlai, I.E. Garkusha, N.N. Aksenov, Yu.V. Petrov, B. Bazylev, I. Landman, J. Linke, M. Wirtz, S.V. Malykhin, A.T. Pugachov, E. Składnik-Sadowska, M.J. Sadowski 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and Components for Fusion Applications (PFMC-2013) (Germany, Juelich, 2013-05-13 - 2009-05-17)
Plasma Exposures of Different Tungsten Grades with Plasma Accelerators in ITER-Relevant Conditions V.A. Makhlaj, I.E. Garkusha, N.N. Aksenov, O.V. Byrka, S.V. Malykhin, A.T. Pugachov, B. Bazylev, I. Landman, G. Pinsuk, J. Linke, M. Wirtz, M.J. Sadowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 – 2013- 09-06)
Deposition and optimization of thin lead layers for superconducting accelerator photocathodes J. Lorkiewicz, R. Nietubyć, M. Barlak, R. Mirowski, A. Bartnik, J. Kostecki, J. Sekutowicz, A. Malinowska, P. Kneisel, J. Witkowski International Conference PLASMA-2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-06) Phys. Scr. Vol. T161 (2014) 014071
Computer Simulation of Charged Fusion-Products Trajectories and Detection Efficiency Expected for Future Experiments within COMPASS Tokamak R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-06)
Measurements and Computer Modeling of Fast Ion Emission from Plasma Accelerators of the RPI Type K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013-09-06)
146 Annual Report 2013
Computational modelling of discharges within Impulse Plasma Deposition accelerator with gas valve M. Rabiński, R. Chodun, K. Nowakowska-Langier, K. Zdunek International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06) Phys Scripta T Vol. T161 (2014) 014049
New Data on Electron Beams and Hard X-ray Emission in the ISTTOK Tokamak L. Jakubowski, V.V. Plyusnin, K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, M. Rabiński, H. Fernandes, C. Silva, P. Duarte, M. Jakubowski International Conference on Research and Applications of Plasmas (PLASMA-2013) (Poland, Warsaw, 2013-09-02 - 2013- 09-06)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Aim 2 - General description; Elaboration of new methods for diagnostics of plasma under conditions appearing in a thermonuclear reactor, and for monitoring of its impurities.a M.J. Sadowski Cracow, Poland, Institute for Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2013-02-12
a) in Polish
EXTERNAL SEMINAR
Aim 2 - Task 2.2, Design, construction and laboraory tests od two different diagnostic tools designed for analysis of high- energy ions, and adapted to experimental conditions apprearing in systems of the tokamak typea M.J. Sadowski Cracow, Poland, Institute for Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2013-02-12
a) in Polish
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
M. Rabiński - "Thermonuclear Fusion" - Warsaw University of Technology
M.J. Sadowski - Superviser of a Ph.D. Thesis by Karol Malinowski -"Experimental studies and computer simulations of ion emission from RPI-IBIS plasma accelerator"; defended with a distinction on 27 August, 2013. - Superviser of a Ph.D. Thesis by Roch Kwiatkowski - "Analysis of the newest results of measurements of ions, elelctrons and visible radiation from plasma in PF-360 and PF-1000 facilities"; the procedure was open at NCBJ on 16 July, 2013; the thesis is under preparation. - Superviser of Ph.D. studies of Dobromił Załoga (II year). - Superviser of Ph.D. studies of Władysław Surała (III year).
J. Żebrowski - Assistant promoter
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
A. Malinowska International Nuclear Track Society, member Plasma Physics Section of the Committee of Physics at the Polish Academy of Sciences
M. Rabiński Member of the Board of the Polish Nuclear Society, Head of the Information Committee Member of the European Nuclear Society Member of the Board of the Environmentalists for Nuclear Energy SEREN - Poland (treasurer) Polish Physical Society Postępy Techniki Jądrowej, Member of the Editorial Board of the “Advances of Nuclear Technique”, National Atomic Energy Agency Ekoatom, Member of the Editorial Board of the “Ecoatom” - Environmentalists for Nuclear Energy SEREN - Poland Member of Scientific Council National Centre for Nuclear Research
Division of Plasma Studies 147
M.J. Sadowski Member of the European Physical Society (Plasma Physics Division) Fellow of the Institute of Physics, London, UK Member of the Polish Physical Society (PPS), since 2012 - Chairman of Plasma Physics Section at PPS Member of the Polish Society of Applied Electromagnetics Physica Scripta, IOP on behalf of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Member of the Scientific Council, National Centre for Nuclear Research Honorary Chairman of the Scientific Council, Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion
A. Szydłowski International Nuclear Track Society, member
PERSONNEL
Krzysztof Czaus, B.Sc.E.E. Krzysztof Gątarczyk Alicja Gawrońska Marcin Jakubowski Lech Jakubowski, Dr. Marek Jędrzejczyk Paweł Karpiński Aneta Malinowska, Dr. Karol Malinowski, M.Sc. Marek Rabiński, Dr. Marek Sadowski, Professor Elżbieta Składnik-Sadowska, Dr. Adam Szydłowski, Dr. Jarosław Żebrowski, Dr.
148 Annual Report 2013
Department of Education and Trainnings 149
5. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAININGS
Director of Department: Professor Ludwik Dobrzyński phone: +48 22 2731570 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Department of Education and Training leads a number of activities. A summary of its work and achievements in 2013 may be presented as follows: • About 5300 visitors from high-schools and about 30 universities and scientific institutions were served by the Department. The number of visitors was leas in comparison with previous years due to the impossibility of visiting the MARIA reactor during several months. • 3 scientific papers were published in peer-reviewed, internationally renowned journals, 2 papers commenting on others were accepted for publication; our papers were presented during 4 international conferences • A popular book “Experiments. Fascinating experiments that can be conducted at home” by M.P. Sadowski and E. Jamroży, „ SBM Marketing (2013), as well as two new educational posters on ionizing radiation were published • One PhD student (M. Pylak) continued his work under supervision of the Director of the Department. • A number of training courses were organized for students and employees of NCBJ • The Department was heavily involved in the Project “A school with the future” (special additional training course for science teachers) and prepared a textbook “The Basics of Nucleonics”. In addition four new experiments, intending to show the various techniques of energy transformation, were prepared and offered to students participating in the projects. • Our exhibition on nuclear technology was enriched with a mock-up of a high-temperature reactor The Department was also represented (L.Dobrzynski as alternate of the Polish delegate) in UNSCEAR. The Department continued to organize of the competition “The Paths of Physics”. A web-page http://ncbj.edu.pl was mastered, and general care of the NCBJ’s web-page www.ncbj.gov.pl was taken over by the Department’s staff.
Prof. Ludwik Dobrzyński
150 Annual Report 2013
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talk
Działalność edukacyjna Działu Edukacji i Szkoleń NCBJ L. Dobrzyński Nauka i Technika wobec wyzwania budowy elektrowni jądrowej (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-02-13 - 2013-02-15)
Big Problems with Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation L. Dobrzyński XLVIII Zakopane School of Physics. Breaking frontioers: submicron structures in physics and biology (Poland, Zakopane, 2013-05-20 - 2013-05-25)
Wielkie katastrofy w przemyśle jądrowym L. Dobrzyński VII Ogólnopolska Konferencja Rozpraszanie neutronówi metody komplementarne w badaniach fazy skondensowanej, Chlewiska, 18.06.013 (Poland, Chlewiska, 2013-06-16 - 2013-06-20)
Posters
Badania ab-initio wpływu domieszek ferromagnetycznych na strukturę elektronową i magnetyczną stopu Cr3Si M. Pylak, A. Go, L. Dobrzyński, 42 Zjazd Fizyków Polskich (Poland, Poznań, 2013-09-08 - 2013-09-13)
Application of the two-channel maximum entropy method to the reocnstruction of spin density distribution of Gd M. Pylak, L. Dobrzyński Gordon Conference: Electron distribution & chemical bonding. (Switzerland, Les Diableres, 2013-06-02 - 2013-06-07)
Ab-initio investigation of electronic and magnetic structure of Cr3Si with ferromagnetic dopants M. Pylak, A. Go, L. Dobrzyński, Joint European Magnetic Symposia: JEMS2013 (Greece, Rodos, 2013-08-25 - 2013-08-30)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Nuclear Energy - Facts and Mythsa M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Warszawskie Centrum Innowacji Edukacyjno-Społecznych i Szkoleń, 2013-03-20
Sound waves – Physics of Noisea M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Warszawskie Centrum Innowacji Edukacyjno-Społecznych I Szkoleń, 2013-04-16
Paper physicista M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Dom Kultury „Świt”, 2013-01-05
The lens and the eye, the physics of lighta M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa i my”, 2013-01-17
Excellent presentationa M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Wydział Fizyki UW, 2013-02-20
Ice, water, steam — states of mattera M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa i my”, 2013-02-28
Short lecture about currents and magnetsa M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa I my”, 2013-03-07
Physics of microcosm – the structure of mattera M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa i my”, 2013-03-14 Department of Education and Trainnings 151
Excellent presentationa M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Wydział Fizyki UW, 2013-04-10
Macroworld physics — astronomya M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa I my”, 2013-04-11
Ionizing radiation - types, properties and usesa M.P. Sadowski Garwolin, Zespól Szkół nr 1 im. Bohaterów Westerplatte, 2013-04-25
You must be kidding – that science is not necessarily seriousa M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa i my”, 2013-04-25
Physicist on vacationa M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa i my”, 2013-05-09 | Physicist on vacationa M.P. Sadowski Kąkolewo k. Leszna, Zespół Szkół w Kąkolewie, 2013-05-20
Physicist on vacationa M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Szkoła Podstawowa nr 303, 2013-06-17
The energy around usa M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Festiwal Nauki, 2013-09-29
The energy around usa M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Stowarzyszenie „Europa i my”, 2013-10-19
Sources of ionizing radiation and their applications in industry, medicine and the artsa M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, XXI Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Hugona Kołłątaja, 2013-10-31
A long time ago – how the time and date were measured?a M.P. Sadowski Grodzisk Mazowiecki, stowarzyszenie „Europa i my”, 2013-11-09
Energy today and tomorrow - the consequences for the climatea M.P. Sadowski Warszawa, Warszawskie Centrum Innowacji Edukacyjno-Społecznych i Szkoleń, 2013-11-12
a) in Polish
INTERNAL SEMINARS
Big catastrophs in nuclear industrya L. Dobrzyński Częstochowa, Jan Długosz Academy, 2013-05-15
Linear, thershold and hormetic responses to low-dose ionizing radiationa L. Dobrzyński Otwock, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 2013-11-14
a) in Polish
152 Annual Report 2013
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
Ł. Adamowski A lecture about nuclear power plant for the citizens of Choczewo. A lecture about nuclear power plant for University of the Third Age in Gniewino. A lecture about nuclear power plant for University of the Third Age in Slupsk. Lectures for visitors in NCBJ Department of Education and Training
L. Dobrzyński Classes from experimental physics (electromagnetism); Cardinal Wyszynski University in Warsaw PhD of M.Sc. Eng. Maciej Pylak: electronic band structure of gadolinium and its experimental verifications Trainings of teachers and NCBJ' employees in radiation protection Writing textbook The basis of nucleonics (with collaborators from the Department of Education and Trainings)
E. Droste Popular lectures and demonstration of experiments concerning various aspects of atomic and nuclear physics organized for visitors of National Centre for Nuclear Research.
M. Kirejczyk Lectures for pupils and students visiting DEaT of NCBJ
M. Marcinkowska-Sanner Lectures for visitors in National Centre for Nuclear Reasearch (Department of Education and Trainings)
M.P. Sadowski Lectures and classes for students, youth and other visitors to the Department of Education and Training
R. Wołkiewicz Teaching a student in NCBJ.
K. Żuchowicz Taught courses Prepare and conduct educational activities with students,teachers, students
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
L. Dobrzyński Physica Scripta, Ohysica Scripta, Institute of Physics Adviser of the Polish Delegation to UNSCEAR Polish Atomic Agency, member of the Advisory Board, Chairman of the Commission of Social Education and Information National centre for Nuclear Research
M.P. Sadowski Polish Physical Society National Club of Physics Demonstrators
K. Żuchowicz Bulletin National Centre for Nuclear Research
PERSONNEL
Ludwik Dobrzyński Professor Anna Szubińska, Ewa Droste, M.Sc. (2/5) Gabryela Kosicka Łukasz Adamowski, M.Sc. Eng. Marek Kirejczyk, Dr. (from 01.09.2013) Katarzyna Żuchowicz, M.Sc. (to 31.08.2013) Maja Marcinkowska-Sanner, MSc. (from 01.09.2013) Marek Matych Marcin Sadowski, M.Sc. Robert Wołkiewicz (2/5 from 01.09.2013) Marcin Sierpiński, M.Sc .(4/5) Maciej Pylak, M.Sc. Eng. – PhD student Władysław Szymczyk, Dr. (3/5) Grażyna Swiboda, M.Sc. Krzysztof Masłowski, M.Sc
Division of Nuclear Equipment – HITEC 153
6. RADIOISOTOPE CENTRE POLATOM
Director of Centre: Dr. Eng.Dariusz Socha phone: +48 22 7180701 e-mail: d.socha@polatom
Overview
The Radioisotope Centre POLATOM is a self-contained unit of the National Centre for Nuclear Research which is engaged in scientific research and development in the field of the use of radioisotopes in nuclear medicine, industry and science and the production of radiopharmaceuticals and radioactive sources. The history of POLATOM's operations dates back to the 1950s. Then, in 1957, at the then Institute of Nuclear Research in Świerk, near Warsaw, Ewa, the first research reactor in Poland was commissioned. This was the beginning of the country's activities related to the development of methods for obtaining isotopes and radioactive preparations. Further opportunities for development came in 1974, with the launching of Maria, another research reactor with which POLATOM's activities have been inextricably connected until today. Currently, POLATOM combines in its activity basic scientific statutory objectives and successfully commercialises its own potential and research achievements. In the scientific arena, it is a leading centre in Poland for interdisciplinary research in the field of the production of radioactive preparations. The main areas of POLATOM's research activities include nuclear chemistry, radiochemistry, the physical chemistry of radioactive elements, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and the metrology of ionising radiation. POLATOM carries out intensive scientific cooperation in Poland and abroad, taking part in international projects and research programmes. The research and development conducted are primarily oriented towards applications and often lead to the implementation of innovative products and technologies. The vast majority of commercial products on offer, including approximately 150 items, are the results of our own work. POLATOM is Poland's only producer of radioactive preparations, and radiopharmaceuticals constitute its most important product group. POLATOM is present on all the continents, exporting its products to over 50 countries. The current POLATOM commercial package includes • A wide range of scintigraphic kits for 99mTc labelling for the examination of organs and cancer diagnoses • Preparations of radioactive iodine-131 for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases • Preparations for the palliative treatment of bone metastases • Radionuclide generators: 99Mo/99mTc and 188W/188Re • Precursors for the preparation of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals • Ophthalmic applicators for brachytherapy • Sealed industrial sources • Radioactive standard solutions • Radiochemical reagents • A wide range of special customised radioactive preparations • Accessories for nuclear medicine units • The calibration and servicing of dose calibrators • The installation and maintenance of isotopic equipment • The handling and transportation of radioactive materials POLATOM's activities meet European and international standards in all areas; with regard to its quality- assurance system, POLATOM holds the PN-EN/ISO 9001:2009 Certificate of Compliance with regard to trading of dual use items and technology - the Internal Control System Certificate. Its standard of radiopharmaceutical production is confirmed by the GMP Certificate and qualifications in the area of the ionising radiation metrology laboratory are confirmed by the Accreditation Certificate of Calibration Laboratory in compliance with PN-EN/ISO 17025:2005.
Dr. Dariusz Socha
154 Annual Report 2013
REPORTS
Technological instruction of Ba-133 production T. Wesołowski, R. Kiełek, M. Konior NCBJ RC POLATOM
Technological instruction of Ca-45 production R. Kiełek, M. Konior, T. Wesołowski NCNR RC POLATOM
Drawing up manual. Cleaning, wasching and disinfection of pharmaceutical rooms and machines applied in the building for manufacturing of the injection and sterile freezdryed kits. T. Wawryniuk, G. Szymańska, H. Sobczak, E. Maciąg OR POLATOM
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Invited Talks
Kontrola jakości i sposób znakowania zestawów scyntygraficznych M. Korytkowski 10 Lat PET w Bydgoszczy i w Polsce (Poland, Bydgoszcz, 2013-11-28 - 2013-11-30)
Radionuclides and Radiopharmaceuticals for Therapy - Current Trends R. Mikołajczak 2-nd World Congress on Ga-68 (Generators and Novel Radiopharmaceuticals), Molecular Imaging (PET/CT), Targeted RadionuclideTherapy and Dosimetry: On the Way to Personalized Medicine (India, Chandigarh, 2013-02-28 - 2013-03-02)
Polish Experience in Peptide Receptor Radionuclide therapy – 2012 Update J. Kunikowska, L. Królicki, A. Sowa-Staszczak, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, D. Pawlak, R. Mikołajczak, D. Handkiewicz- Junak, G. Kamiński, I. Kozłowicz, A. Kowalska, M. Ruchała 2-nd World Congress on Ga-68 (Generators and Novel Radiopharmaceuticals), Molecular Imaging (PET/CT), Targeted RadionuclideTherapy and Dosimetry: On the Way to Personalized Medicine (India, Chandigarh, 2013-02-28 – 2013-03-02)
Developments of theranostic agents - some higlights of COST TD1004 R. Mikołajczak WIPR 2013 Workshop on Innovative Personalized Radioimmunotherapy. Radiopharmaceuticals: from research to industry (France, Nantes, 2013-07-09 - 2013-07-12)
Glioblastoma Therapy with Substance P labelled with Bismuth - 213 L. Królicki, J. Kunikowska, H. Koziara, A. Morgenstern, F. Bruchertseifer, M. Jakuciński, D. Pawlak, R. Mikołajczak, B. Królicki, S. Barszcz 2-nd World Congress on Ga-68 (Generators and Novel Radiopharmaceuticals), Molecular Imaging (PET/CT), Targeted RadionuclideTherapy and Dosimetry: On the Way to Personalized Medicine (India, Chandigarh, 2013-02-28 – 2013-03-02)
Badania kliniczne radiofarmaceutyków - aspekty formalne i jakościowe R. Mikołajczak II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
Badania biodystrybucji w ocenie jakości i skuteczności radiofarmaceutyków P. Garnuszek II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
Medical radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals R. Mikołajczak XXXIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics - Frontiers in Nuclear Physics (Poland, Piaski, 2013-09-01 - 2013-09-07) Division of Nuclear Equipment – HITEC 155
Oral Presentations
Overall Lecture WG1: Imaging reporters for theranostic agents R. Mikołajczak Theranostic Imaging and Therapy: An Action to Develop Novel Nanosized Systems for imaging-Guided Drug Delivery. COST TD1004 Annual Meeting (Greece, Athens, 2013-09-01 - 2013-01-03)
Whether PRRT Connecting with Long Acting Somatostatin Analogue may Lengthen Survival in Group of Patients with NET ? A. Sowa-Staszczak, A. Stefańska, D. Pach, R. Mikołajczak, M. Tomaszuk, A. Gilis-Januszewska, A. Hubalewska- Dydejczuk 2-nd World Congress on Ga-68 (Generators and Novel Radiopharmaceuticals), Molecular Imaging (PET/CT), Targeted RadionuclideTherapy and Dosimetry: On the Way to Personalized Medicine (India, Chandigarh, 2013-02-28 - 2013-03-02)
68Ga-DOTA-Substance-P as a Tool for Diagnostics and Locoregional Administration Follow up of 213Bi-DOTA-Substance- P in the Course of Glioma Therapy D. Pawlak, P. Garnuszek, M. Maurin, L. Królicki, J. Kunikowska, A. Morgenstern, F. Bruchertseifer, M. Jakuciński, H. Koziara, B. Królicki, R. Mikołajczak 2-nd World Congress on Ga-68 (Generators and Novel Radiopharmaceuticals), Molecular Imaging (PET/CT), Targeted RadionuclideTherapy and Dosimetry: On the Way to Personalized Medicine (India, Chandigarh, 2013-02-28 - 2013-03-02)
Zapewnienie jakości pomiarów aktywności radiofarmaceutyków T. Dziel Miedzynarodowa konferencja 10 lat PET w Bydgoszczy i w Polsce (Poland, Bydgoszcz, 2013-11-28 - 2013-11-30)
Targeted Alpha Therapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Initial Clinical Experience with 213Bi-Substance P A. Morgenstern, L. Królicki, J. Kunikowska, H. Koziara, B. Królicki, M. Jakuciński, R. Mikołajczak, D. Pawlak, C. Apostolidis, , F. Bruchertseifer Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (France, Lyon, 2013-10-19 - 2013-10-23)
Synthesis and Investigation of DOTA-Gastrin (CP04) Analogue Complexes with Yttrium, Lutetium and Gallium. P. Garnuszek, D. Pawlak, A. Jaroń, M. Maurin, R. Mikołajczak 2nd International Symposium on Functional Metal Complexesthat Bind to Biomolecules. Second Whole Action Meeting of the COST Action CM1105 (Spain, Barcelona, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-10)
Radioisotope Centre POLATOM: Mo-99 infrastructure, demand & project plans I. Cieszykowska, W. Wojdowska, R. Mikołajczak The IAEA 1st Coordination Meeting Project INT1056- Supporting Small Scale, non-Highly Enriched Uranium (non-HEU) Mo-99 Production Capacity Building (Austria, Wiedeń, 2013-02-05 - 2013-02-08)
Kontrola jakości generatora 68Ga/68Ge P. Ochman, D. Pawlak, R. Mikołajczak, A. Sackiewicz, I. Kozłowicz-Gudzińska II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
GLP-1 receptor antagonist Exendin-4 radiolabelled with 99mTc and other radiometals. The link to COST TD1004. B. Janota, P. Garnuszek, U. Karczmarczyk, E. Jakubowska, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, A. Sowa-Staszczak, R. Mikołajczak 2nd International Symposium on Functional Metal Complexesthat Bind to Biomolecules. Second Whole Action Meeting of the COST Action CM1105 (Spain, Barcelona, 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-10)
Posters
Standardization of 153Sm solution by absolute methods T. Dziel, R. Broda, T. Ziemek, A. Muklanowicz, A. Listkowska 19th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (Belgium, Antwerp, 2013-06-17 - 2013-06- 21) Appl. Radiat. Isot. Vol. 87 (2014) 19-23
Evaluation of 68Ge/68Ga generator in the routine use D. Pawlak, J.L. Parus, W. Wojdowska, A. Filiks, Z. Tymiński, T. Dziel, R. Mikołajczak The 20th International Symposium on Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, ICC JEJU (Korea, Jeju, 2013-05-12 - 2013-05-17)
Post-conjugation purification of DOTA-anti-CD20 (Rituximab®)and influence on 177Lu-labeling yield. U. Karczmarczyk, W. Wojdowska, M. Maurin, E. Byszewska-Szpocińska, P. Garnuszek, R. Mikołajczak Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (France, Lyon, 2013-10-19 - 2013-10-23)
156 Annual Report 2013
Standardization of 153Sm solution by absolute methods T. Dziel, R. Broda, T. Ziemek, A. Muklanowicz, A. Listkowska Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
First Announcement of GLP-1 Receptor Imaging Results in Patients with Other Diseases than Insulinoma. A. Sowa-Staszczak, A. Stefańska, M. Tomaszuk, R. Mikołajczak, B. Janota, A. Jabrocka-Hybel, E. Przybylik-Mazurek, A. Gilis-Januszewska, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (France, Lyon, 2013-10-19 - 2013-10-23)
Badania czystości radionuklidowej i bezwzględne pomiary aktywności eluatu z generatora 68Ge/68Ga T. Dziel, A. Muklanowicz, Z. Tymiński, D. Pawlak II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
Proficiency tests of 90Y and 89Sr activity measurements in Polish hospitals T. Dziel, A. Listkowska, Z. Tymiński 19th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (Belgium, Antwerp, 2013-06-17 - 2013-06- 21) Appl. Radiat. Isot. Vol. 87 (2014) 24-26
Samples at Gamma Spectrometry Laboratory - Investigations of Specific Radioactivity Z. Tymiński, E. Miśta, A. Patocka, E. Kołakowska, A. Listkowska, K. Tymińska, M. Wiśniewski, P. Żołądek, A. Olech International Meteor Conference (Poland, Poznań, 2013-08-22 - 2013-08-25) IMO, Brussel, Belgium, (2014) No. (2014)
Study on active targeting of Y-90 and Lu-177 radiolabelled ultra-small AGuIX nano particles functionalized by octreotate. M. Maurin, U. Karczmarczyk, P. Garnuszek, R. Mikołajczak, Ch. Truillet, F. Lux, O. Tillement Theranostic Imaging and Therapy: An Action to Develop Novel Nanosized Systems for imaging-Guided Drug Delivery. COST TD1004 Annual Meeting (Greece, Athens, 2013-09-01 – 2013-01-03)
Proficiency tests of 90Y and 89Sr activity measurements in Polish hospitals T. Dziel, A. Listkowska, Z. Tymiński Sympozjum NCBJ 2013 (Poland, Warszawa, 2013-06-28 - 2013-06-28)
Exendin-4 labeled with 99mTc, 111In and 68Ga - a comparative biodistribution evaluation. D. Pawlak, B. Janota, P. Garnuszek, R. Mikołajczak Theranostic Imaging and Therapy: An Action to Develop Novel Nanosized Systems for imaging-Guided Drug Delivery. COST TD1004 Annual Meeting (Greece, Athens, 2013-09-01 - 2013-01-03)
Analysis of additional 68Ga-DOTATATE thyroid uptake in patients with neuroendocrine tumors J. Kunikowska, R. Matyskiel, P. Pawliszak, A. Zemczak, D. Pawlak, M. Plazinska, B. Kos-Kudła, L. Królicki Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (France, Lyon, 2013-10-19 - 2013-10-23)
A semi-quantitative analysis of pathological 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT uptake by primary site dependent neuroendocrine tumor metastases J. Kunikowska, L. Królicki, D. Pawlak, A. Kolasa, R. Mikołajczak SNMMI 60-th Annual Meeting (Canada, Vancouver, 2013-06-08 - 2013-06-12)
Routine preparation of 68Ga-DOTA-Substance P doeses for locoregional administration follow up of 213Bi-DOTA- Substance P in the course of glioma therapy D. Pawlak, J. Kunikowska, L. Królicki, A. Kopatys, W. Tkacz, P. Garnuszek, M. Maurin, R. Mikołajczak Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (France, Lyon, 2013-10-19 – 2013-10-23)
Gelofusine reduces kidney uptake of [Lys40-(Ahx-HYNIC)NH2-99mTc]exendin-4 R. Mikołajczak, B. Janota, U. Karczmarczyk, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, A. Sowa-Staszczak, M. Tomaszuk, P. Garnuszek SNMMI 60-th Annual Meeting (Canada, Vancouver, 2013-06-08 – 2013-06-12)
Preliminary results of microwave radiolabelling of DOTA-gastrin analogue with 90Y D. Pawlak, M. Maurin, P. Garnuszek, R. Mikołajczak Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (France, Lyon, 2013-10-19 - 2013-10-23)
Complex Sol-Gel Process (CSGP) Synthesis of WO3 (droped ZrO2,TiO2,SiO2) nanocomposites as filling materials for 188W/188Re generator column D. Wawszczak, A. Deptuła, T. OLczak, W. Łada, H. Polkowska-Motrenko, M. Brykała, E. Iller, F. Zaza XVII International Sol-Gel Conference (Spain, Madrid, 2013-08-24 - 2013-08-31) Division of Nuclear Equipment – HITEC 157
Whether PRRT connecting with long acting somatostatin analogue may lengthen survival in group of patients with NET? A. Sowa-Staszczak, R. Mikołajczak, M. Tomaszuk, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk SNMMI 60-th Annual Meeting (Canada, Vancouver, 2013-06-08 - 2013-06-12)
Assessment of the efficacy of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) in 6 –year observation A. Sowa-Staszczak, A. Stefańska, M. Tomaszuk, R. Mikołajczak, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczuk Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (France, Lyon, 2013-10-19 - 2013-10-23)
Zestaw radiofarmaceutyczny PolTech HMPAO - ocena jakości i badania stabilności wg wymagań Prawa Farmaceutycznego i wytycznych ICH U. Karczmarczyk, E. Byszewska-Szpocińska, J. Pijarowska-Kruszyna, E. Jakubowska, A. Jaroń, E. Laszuk, B. Janota, I. Sasinowska II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 – 2013-05-10)
Opracowanie warunków znakowania 177Lu koniugatu DOTA-antiCD20. Wstępne badania in vitro. W. Wojdowska, U. Karczmarczyk, M. Maurin, E. Byszewska-Szpocińska, P. Garnuszek, R. Mikołajczak II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
Comparison of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with 99mTc tectrotide and PET/CT 68Ga-DOTATATE in patients with neuroendocrine tumors J. Kunikowska, L. Królicki, D. Pawlak, R. Mikołajczak SNMMI 60-th Annual Meeting (Canada, Vancouver, 2013-06-08 – 2013-06-12)
Dosimetry for Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Medicine J. Ośko, T. Pliszczyński, M.A. Gryziński, P. Tulik, K. Tymińska, N. Golnik, M. Zielczyński, S. Domański, Ł. Murawski, R. Soboń, K. Ciszewska, M. Dymecka, M. Tulik, M. Maciak, E. Jakubowska, Z. Haratym 1st International Conference in Radiation Protection in Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Medicine (Czech Republic, Cerna Hora, 2013-09-19 - 2013-09-22)
Mikrofalowa radiosynteza analogów gastryny/cholecystokininy z Ga-68, Lu-177 i Y-90 D. Pawlak, M. Maurin, P. Garnuszek, R. Mikołajczak II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
Badanie procesu wydzielania rutenu, strontu i cezu z roztoworów wodnych metodami ekstrakcyjnymi i elektrochemicznymi M. Żółtowska, I. Cieszykowska, M. Mielcarski VI Krajowa Konferencja Radiochemii I Chemii Jądrowej (Poland, Kraków, 2013-04-21 - 2013-04-24)
Wytwarzanie farmaceutycznej substancji czynnej d,l-HMPAO zgodnie z zasadami GMP A. Jaroń, J. Pijarowska-Kruszyna, D. Kłudkiewicz II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna (Poland, Łódż, 2013-05-09 - 2013-05-10)
Preliminary results of 90Y and 177Lu radiolabelling of ultra small rigid particles as multimodal probes M. Maurin, P. Garnuszek, R. Mikołajczak, Ch. Truillet, F. Lux, A. Clabaut, O. Tillement The 20th International Symposium on Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, ICC JEJU (Korea, Jeju, 2013-05-12 - 2013-05-17)
LECTURES, COURSES AND EXTERNAL SEMINARS
Electrochemical methods for isolation of metals from radioactive wastea I. Cieszykowska Warsaw, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 2013-01-14
a) in Polish
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
U. Karczmarczyk I was taking care of Krystyna Jęderka the student from University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology during her monthly traineeship. She was introduced to animal study of radiopharmaceuticals.
J. Pijarowska-Kruszyna The supervision of student Weronika Zgutka (Technical University of Warsaw)
158 Annual Report 2013
W. Wojdowska Supervision of Eva Jablonska from the Institute of Chemical Technology in Czech Republic as an exchange student IAESTE Supervision of Jorge Caridad Cruz Arenciba and Amed Cruz Morales from CENTIS in Cuba in the framework of scientific visists
PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC COUNCILS, ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
K. Bańko Member of Europen Association of Nuclear Medicine Member of Reactor and Isotope Group of Association of Imaging Producers & Equipment Suppliers Member of Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine.
R. Broda Delegate. Consultative Committee for Ionizing Radiation (CCRI). Section II - Measurement of radionuclides. Member of Polish Physical Society. Delegate member. International Committee for Radionuclide Metrology (ICRM). Elected member. Committee for Metrology and Scientific Instrumentations of Polish Academy of Science
I. Chwalińska Europen Association of Nuclear Medicine, member
T. Dziel Radiation Protection Inspectors Association
P. Garnuszek Session chairman on II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna in Łódż, Poland European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine Expert of Group 14 (radioactive compounds) European Pharmacopoeia,European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare, Council of Europe
E. Iller European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Member of Scientific Council of National Center for Nuclear Research. External member of Scientific Council of Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw
U. Karczmarczyk Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine, member
A. Markiewicz Member of Scientific Council of National Center for Nuclear Research.
M. Maurin Member of Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine
M. Mielcarski Member of Scientific Council of National Center for Nuclear Research.
R. Mikołajczak Session chairman on II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Radiofarmaceutyczna in Łódż, Poland Session chairman on Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine in Lyon, France Member of Advisory Board on WIPR 2013 Workshop on Innovative Personalized Radioimmunotherapy. Radiopharmaceuticals: from research to industry in Nantes, France European Association of Nuclear Medicine, EANM Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine, PTMN, member of the General Board of PTMN since 2006 Society of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences European Society for Molecular Imaging, ESMI Member of Expert Group evaluating units applying for the rights to run specialization program in Radiopharmacy, called by The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education Nuclear Medicine Revew , member of Editorial Board, Grupa Via Medica Division of Nuclear Equipment – HITEC 159
D. Pawlak European Association of Nuclear Medicine Society of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine World Association of Radiopharmaceutical and Molecular Therapy
D. Socha Member of Scientific Council of National Center for Nuclear Research.
Z. Tymiński Polish Fireball Network Meteoritical Society
W. Wojdowska Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine
160 Annual Report 2013 Division of Nuclear Equipment – HITEC 161
7. DIVISION OF NUCLEAR EQUIPMENT - HITEC
Director of Centre: Dr. Paweł Krawczyk phone: +48 22 2732102 e-mail: [email protected]
Overview
The Division of Nuclear Equipment – HITEC - specializes in applications of accelerator technologies in medicine and industrial radiography. It combines research and development with manufacturing activities. In 2013, HITEC continued R&D work in the framework of Project No. POIG.01.01-14-012/08-00 (known under the short name of Accelerators and Detectors) funded by EU Structural Funds. These efforts culminated with the final design of the second model of a medical multi-energy accelerator for advanced radiotherapy and the manufacturing of its major components. In parallel, work on the implementation of the highly specialized treatment techniques with the use of the earlier manufactured first model of the accelerator was successfully continued. The design of the first model itself was also refined and brought to a stage that allowed the building of a full commercial prototype of the device in the following year. This modern low energy medical accelerator will be commercialized under the brand name of Coline 6. Accelerator manufacturing, assembly and commissioning was also completed for two other demonstrators built within the Accelerators and Detectors project: a mobile accelerator for intra-operative radiation therapy INTRALINE and an accelerator serving as a radiation source for the border control system CANIS. The results this work have been described in detail elsewhere in this Report In 2013 HITEC continued the manufacturing of PI-Mode Structure (PIMS) accelerating cavities for Linac 4 in the framework of a Collaboration Agreement with CERN aimed at upgrading the performance of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Tuning of the technological process, required to achieve the demanding precision of machining, allowed the manufacturing and delivery of the first full cavity to be completed. Subsequently, its mechanical and microwave properties were positively verified at CERN. In effect, HITEC received the green light for full speed manufacturing of all other eleven PIMS. The production process will greatly benefit from a newly purchased state-of-the-art 5-axis CNC milling machine. HITEC delivered in 2012 two radiographic accelerators, including one (for a Polish customer) as part of a fully integrated digital radiography system consisting of a detector and a set of manipulators: for the accelerator, for the X-rayed object and for the detector. Intense production efforts for a similar system scheduled for delivery in early 2014 were also carried on. In 2013, HITEC also started an important upgrade of its infrastructure. As a part of the 4LABs project (Project No. RPMA.01.01.00-14-030/10-00, co-funded by EU Regional Development Funds) construction work on the new building for the Accelerating Structure Laboratory began. The Laboratory includes 2 new bunkers capable of housing high energy (up to 18 MeV) medical accelerators. The construction of the bunkers was finished in 2013. They will be employed primarily for testing the accelerators developed within the Accelerators and Detectors project.
Dr. Paweł Krawczyk
162 Annual Report 2013
PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
Oral Presentation
Układ formowania wiązki terapeutycznej akceleratora IntraLine P. Adrich, A. Wasilewski, A. Wysocka-Rabin, R. Kozioł, E. Jankowski, A. Polak, R. Szymański Panel ekspertów akceleratora IntraLine (Poland, Otwock, 2013-12-08 - 2013-12-09)
Poster
Control system development for Coline 6 linear accelerator A. Masternak, A. Baczewski, J. Wysokiński, K. Swat 2nd ESTRO Forum 2013 (Switzerland, Geneva, 2013-04-19 - 2013-04-23)
INTERNAL SEMINARS
ASTRO meeting 2013a K. Swat Otwock, NCBJ, 2013-10-23
a) in Polish
DIDACTIC ACTIVITY
A. Masternak Participation in the XVII Festival of Science 2013 (XVII Festiwal Nauki 2013). Accelerator model: Coline 6 show.
A. Misiarz - Professional tutor
Reports on Research 163
III. REPORTS ON RESEARCH
1. ASTROPHYSICS, COSMIC RAYS & ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS
2. NUCLEAR PHYSICS
3. PLASMA PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
4. DETECTORS, ACCELERATORS, PHYSICS OF MATERIALS & APPLICATIONS
5. SOLID STATE PHYSICS
6. NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY IN ENERGY GENERATION
7. NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES IN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDS
164 Annual Report 2013
Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays & Elementary Particle Physics 165
ASTROPHYSICS, COSMIC RAYS & ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS
166 Annual Report 2013 Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays & Elementary Particle Physics 167
Search for CP violation asymmetries in three-body decays of charm mesons in the LHCb experiment M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
CP violation (CPV) has been observed only in asymmetries can very often be done with help from decays of K and B mesons. All observations are control channel analyses, where CP violation is not consistent with CPV being generated by the phase in the expected. This approach should be treated as a first step Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix [1,2] of in the search for CP asymmetries, followed by a model the Standard Model. In the charm sector, CKM parameterization of observed signals. dynamics can produce direct CP asymmetries in Two model independent methods were recently Cabibbo-suppressed D± decays of the order of 10-3 or applied in the analysis performed by the LHCb less [3]. Asymmetries of up to around 1% can be Warsaw group in collaboration with the Rio de Janeiro generated by New Physics [4,5]. In most extensions of group in the three-body charm decays. In the first, the the Standard Model, asymmetries arise in processes S (Miranda) method [6], the search was performed by with loop diagrams. However, in some cases CPV could CP binning the phase space for particle and antiparticle occur even at tree level, for example, in models with decays and comparing the significance of the difference charged Higgs exchange. Investigating CPV in the between the rates of corresponding particle and charm sector is therefore one of the important ways antiparticle bins. This method was successfully applied of searching for New Physics. to many analyses in charm and beauty physics [7] and In decays of hadrons, CPV can be observed when the LHCb Warsaw group was also involved in this two different amplitudes with nonzero relative weak and analysis [8]. strong phases contribute coherently to a final state. In For many-body decays in multivariate phase space two-body decays, CPV leads to an asymmetry in the unbinned methods can be potentially more powerful, partial widths. In three-body decays, the interference especially for samples with limited statistics. In this between final state amplitudes in the two-dimensional analysis the Warsaw group has proposed and tested one phase space can lead to observable asymmetries which such method - the k-nearest neighbour method (kNN) depend on variables in the Dalitz plot. In four-body [9,10,11]. Its performance was studied in a few three- decays these asymmetries can be studied in five- body charm meson decays. The tests were also dimensional phase space. performed using Monte Carlo generated D± → abc After studies of CP violation in two-body B and decays. D decays a natural step in the search for CP The kNN method uses the concept of nearest asymmetries is to move to multi-body charm and beauty neighbour events in a pooled sample of n D+ and decays. These processes, very often dominated by D- events to test whether they share the same parent intermediate resonance states, can provide one of the distribution function. To find the n nearest neighbour necessary conditions for observation of CP violation: k events to each D+ and D- event in the sample, the notion large relative strong phases in the final states of of the events' distance has to be introduced. In our case interfering decay amplitudes. The interference between this is the simple Euclidean distance between points on resonances in a multivariate phase space can lead to the Dalitz plot of three-body D+ and D- decays (x = s , observable local asymmetries, which vary across the ab y = s where s is the invariant mass squared of the available phase space. For instance, in three-body D and bc, corresponding particles). After the distances between all D decays the Dalitz plots showing enhanced resonance s event pairs are determined, then the n nearest events maxima provide a very useful tool to search for CP k are selected for each event in the Dalitz plot. The query violating asymmetries. There is a chance to observe event and its n nearest events are tagged appropriately local asymmetries otherwise not visible when k as D+ or D- . With the list of n tagged nearest events for integrating over the whole phase space. k each event we calculate a test statistic T for the null In contrast to many two-body decays, however, hypothesis that the two Dalitz plot distributions for there is currently no fully successful theoretical model D+ and D- decays are drawn from a common sample. for computing decay amplitudes in multi-body B and The test statistic T is defined as follows: D decay, which could provide reliable predictions for how CP asymmetries vary in the Dalitz plots. This situation favours the model independent approach, which simply looks for any differences between multivariate distributions for particles and antiparticles. where I(i, k) = 1 if the ith event and its kth nearest Accounting for or constraining detector and production neighbour belong to the same sample of particles or
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antiparticles and I(i, k) = 0 otherwise; n+ is the number originating from CPV. All results are consistent with no + of events in the D sample and n- is the number of CP violation. The results were published in Phys.Lett. - events in the D sample, n = n+ + n-. B728 (2014) 585-595. The meaning of T is simple: it is the mean fraction The studied methods are universal and will be used of like neighbour pairs in the pooled D+ and D- decay to search for CP asymmetries in other multi-body sample. The advantage of the k-nearest neighbour Cabibbo-suppressed decays of charged D and Ds mesons method, in comparison with other proposed methods for in current and future LHCb data. unbinned analyses, is that the calculation of T is simple and fast and the expected distribution of T is well References known: for the null hypothesis it should follow a normal [1] N. Cabibbo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 10, 531 (1963) distribution with a mean μT and a variance σT calculated [2] M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa, Prog. Th. Phys. 49, 652 from known parameters of the distributions. (1973) [3] S. Bianco et al., Riv. Nuovo Cim. 26, N7-8 151 (2003) + - + + A search for CPV in the decay D → π π π decay [4] Y. Grossman, A.L. Kagan and Y. Nir, Phys. Rev. D 75, was performed using pp collision data corresponding to 036008 (2007) an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb-1 collected by the [5] M. Artuso, B. Meadows, and A. A. Petrov, Ann. Rev. LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Nucl. Part. Sci. 58, 249 (2008) The two model-independent methods presented above [6] I. Bediaga et al, Phys. Rev. D 80, 096006 (2009) [7] B.Aubert et al. (BABAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. were applied to a sample of 3.1 million decay D71:091101, 2005 candidates [8] R.Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), Phys. Rev. D+ → π- π+ π+ with 82% signal purity. D84:112008, 2011. [9] M. Williams, JINST 5 (2010) P09004, arXiv:1006.3019 Both methods were also applied to the Cabibbo- [10] N. Henze, The Annals of Statistics 16 No 2 (1988) 772 + - + + + favoured D s → π π π decay and to the D mass [11] M. Schilling, J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 81 (1986) 799 sidebands to control possible asymmetries not
Search for CP violation in the D+→π−π+π decay by the Warsaw LHCb group M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
The article "Search for CP violation in the decay Two methods were used in this paper, namely D+→π−π+π+" published in Phys. Lett. B 728 (2014), binned and unbinned ones. In the binned method, used pages 585–595 by the LHCb Collaboration has been already previously, the Dalitz plots were divided into declared as the outstanding achievement by the regions and a statistical estimator was used to compare institute. The paper deals with the search for CP their population by the two charge states. Several violation effects and the analysis was performed by the choices of bins were used, their number varying from Warsaw LHCb group, especially by M. Szczekowski 20 to 100. The bins were selected to cover various final- and A. Ukleja. The analysis presented here was based state resonances present in the decays and also regions, on a very large sample of decays of about three million where no resonances were observed. No indication of events. CP violation was found. According to the Standard Model the decay should It is clear, of course, that by grouping events into proceed through two types of Feynman diagrams, one of bins a certain amount of information is lost. Therefore them a tree-level one, the other being a penguin an unbinned method, first proposed by the Warsaw diagram. If the phases corresponding to the two group, was also used. It consists of searching in the diagrams are different, then an interference should be neighbourhood of every event for other events of observed, which would prove the violation of the CP thesame and opposite charge. Then an estimator was symmetry. The analysis was based on the study of the constructed based on the difference between the number Dalitz plot of the reaction by comparing distributions of same-sign and opposite-sign neighbours. The for D+ and D- mesons. If CP-violating processes are unbinned method,as for the binned one, did not show present, then the distributions for the two charge states any deviation from the null CPV hypothesis. should be different. The data were taken with two The results thus obtained are important for the study analyzing magnetic field polarities to reduce possible of possible devations from the Standard Model, putting systematic effects. stringent limits on eventual extensions. Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays & Elementary Particle Physics 169
JEM-EUSO and EUSO-Balloon – the Polish Contribution T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, Z. Plebaniak , B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig National Centre for Nuclear Research, Łódz, Poland
JEM-EUSO is a satellite experiment for measuring EUSO-Balloon is a CNES / IRAP experiment the highest energy cosmic rays. The JEM is for Japan related to JEM-EUSO. Its main task is to test the Experiment Module – connected to the International detection method and performance of a JEM-EUSO Space Station (ISS) since 2009. The Japanese Space detection unit at 40km. However, it may be possible to Agency JAXA offered that JEM-EUSO might dock to make the first measurements of EAS “from above”. The this module at the begining of 2017. The EUSO is for first flight is scheduled for autumn 2014 from Timmins Extreme Universe Space Observatory. Currently nearly in Ontario, Canada. 300 scientists from 15 countries and 74 institutions are The main NCBJ contribution to the EUSO-family is participating in the preparation for the mission. The the high voltage power supply (HVPS) equipped with Polish group has 14 participants from 5 institutes [1][2]. fast high voltage switches. We developed a very
efficient HVPS to power four 64-anode PMTs without resistive divider. Fast switches would reduce the PMT's efficiency within a few microseconds and protect the PMTs in case of a light flash (e.g. lightning, meteor etc.).
Fig. 3. Three HV generators, communication and switches. Fig. 1. Principle of EUSO-family experiments. White cables connect the HVPS with different photomultiplier dynodes. The main scientific goal of the experiment is to search for the highest energy Cosmic Ray sources. The During 2013 we built a HVPS for the EUSO- EAS energy threshold for JEM-EUSO observations Balloon. The HVPS unit is contained in two metal would be about 5E19eV. Trajectories of Cosmic Ray boxes 2.9cm x 5.38cm x 15.89cm. There are protons with energies above 1E20eV are barely 9 independent HV generators each with 3 fast deflected from a straight line. Directional correlations HV switches. In one of the boxes there is an additional should determine the direction to the high energy DC-DC unit providing full galvanic insulation and cosmic ray source. Due to large exposure the number of external communication using symmetric lines. events should be sufficient to find the directions of the HV electronics needs to be potted for high altitude main ultra-high energy Cosmic Ray sources, if they balloon applications to prevent coronal discharges in exist. low pressure conditions (Paschen's law).
Fig. 2. EUSO-Balloon gondola – drawing. Fig. 4. The box with 6 HV generators with cabling ready for JEM-EUSO will also have a “slow trigger” to conformal potting in Toulouse. observe meteorites, lightning and transient luminous events (TLE). Cloud coverage, atmospheric References transparency and mesospheric chemistry will be [1] http: //jemeuso.riken.jp monitored. [2] J.H.Adams et. al, Astropart. Phys. Vol. 44 (2013) 76
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Ankle-like feature in the energy spectrum of light elements of cosmic rays observed with KASCADE-grande – the evidence for an extragalactic component P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski (for the KASCADE-Grande Collaboration) National Centre for Nuclear Research, Łódz, Poland
High energy cosmic rays exhibit a power-law-like the case if the break positions are shifted by their energy spectrum with some features, which have been uncertainties. Therefore, the steepening of the heavy subject to investigations for many years. For energies spectrum and the recovery of the light component are not above 1014 eV the flux is too low to be measured directly; due to a bias in the reconstruction or separation therefore, one has to extract information about the procedures. primary particles from extensive air showers, for It is worth pointing out that the slope of the heavy example, by measuring the secondary particles with mass spectrum above the knee-like feature is very similar ground-based detector arrays. The most prominent to the slope of the light mass spectrum before the ankle- features are the steepening (knee) of the spectrum at 15 like feature. This could be a hint of a similar cosmic ray about 4 10 eV and its recovery to a harder slope source population, as described, e.g., in Ref. [3]. (ankle) at about 4 1018 eV. The knee is due to a decrease in the flux of light primaries, as shown by the KASCADE experiment and others. In the case of a rigidity dependent steepening in the spectra of the different primaries, the knee in the spectrum of the heavy component should appear at an energy of around 1017 eV. According to the results from the KASCADE-Grande experiment a knee- like feature in the spectrum of heavy particles is visible at E 1016.92±0.04 eV [1]. It was shown that, indeed, the bending in the all-particle spectrum at E 1016.92±0.10 eV is caused by a decrease in the flux of the heavy component. It is generally argued that the transition from galactic to extragalactic origin of cosmic rays is expected in the energy range from 1017 to 1019 eV. According to the Fig. 1. The reconstructed energy spectrum of the light mass component of cosmic rays. The number of events per energy bin models one should expect a hardening of the proton or, is indicated as well as the range of systematic uncertainty. The more generally, light primaries component of the cosmic error bars show the statistical uncertainties [2]. ray spectrum to take place below or around 1018 eV- due to the onset of the extragalactic contribution dominated Correspondingly, the slope index of 2 = 2.7 might be by light primaries. A recent publication [2] from an indication of an injection spectrum of a new KASCADE-Grande reports on finding experimental (extragalactic) source population of high energy cosmic evidence for such a spectral feature. rays, predicted by models. As shown in Fig. 1, a change of the spectral index In summary, KASCADE-Grande has reported from 1 = 3.25 ± 0.05 to 2 = 2.79 ± 0.08 at an energy a significant hardening, i.e. an ankle-like feature in the of 1017.08±0.08 eV is observed for the light component. The cosmic ray spectrum of light primaries, at dashed lines mark the systematic error band for the E = 1017.08±0.08 eV. The observed change of the slope separation between He and CNO group primaries. The index of the underlying power law at this energy might be measured number of events above the bending is an indication that the transition from a galactic to an Nmeas = 595. Without the bending we would expect extragalactic origin of cosmic rays already starts in this Nexp = 467 events above this ankle-like feature. The energy range. Poisson probability to measure at least N events above meas the bending, if Nexp events are expected, is P (N Nmeas) 09 References 7.23 10 . This corresponds to a significance of 5.8 [1] W. Apel et al. (KASCADE-Grande Collaboration), that in this energy range the spectrum of light primaries Phys.Rev. Lett. 107, 171104 (2011) cannot be described by a single power law. [2] W. Apel et al., (KASCADE-Grande Collaboration), Phys. Rev. D 87, 081101(R) (2013) One important observation is that the knee in the [3] N. Kalmykov, S. Ostapchenko and A. Pavlov, Nucl. heavy component occurs at a lower energy compared to Phys. B, Proc. Suppl. 52, 17 (1997) the bending in the spectrum of light primaries. This is still Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays & Elementary Particle Physics 171
Testing POLAR – a space based GRB polarisation detector J. Karczmarczyk, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, A. Zwolińska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Łódź, Poland
X-ray polarisation measurements of Gamma Ray Scattered photons in the Compton scattering of Bursts may provide important information about the a linearly polarised X-ray beam should have azimuthal emission processes. These very energetic astrophysical asymmetry with respect to the beam direction. The events are also candidates for ultra high energy cosmic azimuthal distribution is called the modulation curve. ray sources. The modulation factor μ is evaluated from the ratio of fitted parameters: peak amplitude and mean value. The POLAR is a Swiss project for a satellite detector for polarisation of GRB photons would be evaluated as the 50-500 keV photon polarisation measurements using ratio of measured μ to μ100. The modulation factor Comptonscattering. 1600 low-Z scintillation bars are μ100 is obtained from a laboratory calibration for viewed by 25 multianode photomultipliers (MAPMTs) a 100% polarised photon beam sent from the same (Hamamatsu 8500 series – 64 anodes). Simultaneous direction with respect to the POLAR detector as the measurements of signals from two bars would indicate GRB. Accurate simulations of μ100 are needed to Compton scattering while a much larger and “linear” provide results for directions not measured in the energy deposits would indicate a cosmic ray proton calibration. track through the detector.
Fig. 2. The measured modulation curve for the run #0584 when the photon beam was 100% polarised. This result Fig. 1. POLAR detector. Preparation for tests. provides μ100 (see text).
In 2011-2012 we designed, developed and produced ESRF provided a X–ray source with a polarised a prototype of the high voltage power supply (HVPS) beam and available photon energies in the range for 25 MAPMTs. We have made a so-called 30–700 keV. Some results of run#0584, when the “engineering model” (EM) of the HVPS which has full polarised beam was along the scintillating bars, are functionality and fits the allocated space in the POLAR presented in Figures 2 and 3. experiment. We have also provided the external controller to set individual voltages to each of the During data analysis we observed cosmic ray muons 25 MAPMTs during the first tests of the HVPS. Since passing through the detector. They produce straight the Swiss authors of the POLAR project received full lines in the pixel pattern. Similar events are expected financial support from ESA within the framework of during the flight due to cosmic ray particles penetrating Swiss PRODEX, all hardware had to be made in the detector. In Figure 3 the angular distribution of the Switzerland, and our HVPS design was given to the Art measured muon directions is compared with the Of Technology company in Zurich for realisation of distribution predicted from simulations [1]. a space qualified version. We have nevertheless served several times with help and advice, mostly solving problems in communication between the HVPS and the POLAR central computer unit. Various qualification measurements were performed on the POLAR detector or its components. These include two measurement sessions with polarized synchrotron beams (at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility - ESRF, Grenoble, France). Tests Fig. 3. Distribution of the projection angle for muon tracks. confirmed theoretical predictions of the instrument Red line – data, black line – simulations. parameters. The electronics and mechanical structure of the POLAR detector are being extensively tested Reference including vibration, vacuum and thermal tests as well as [1] A. Zwolińska et al., Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 45 No 2 dedicated calibration. (2014) 255
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The Hermes Collaboration Reports: Multiplicities of charged pions and kaons from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering by protons and deuteron W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A.Trzciński, P. Żuprański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
The hadronisation process is an essential element of Most extractions of FFs rely on high precision a complete picture of the interaction of quarks in information from electron-positron annihilation into Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD). The multiplicity charged hadrons which has the advantage of being free Mh of hadrons of type h is defined as the hadron yield from the convolution with PDFs. However, these data Nh normalised to the Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) do not distinguish between quark and antiquark yield. contributions because they are only sensistive to the charge sum of specific hadron species (e.g.,π∔ + π−). The measurement of the hadron multiplicities is one In addition, most data are taken at the mass scale of the of the key tools to study the hadronisation process. Lack Z boson, at which electroweak couplings become of a complete theory to describe the evolution of the approximately equal and thus only flavour singlet quark cast out of a quark-gluon ensemble into a hadron combinations of FFs can be determined. leads to a phenomenological understanding of this process. According to the factorisation theorem the The data presented here were extracted from cross section for hadron production in semi-inclusive measurements of leptoproduction of pseudo -scalar deep-inelastic lepton scattering (SIDIS) is described by mesons in SIDIS using a lepton beam of an energy of a parton distribution function (PDF) and 27.6 GeV in the HERA storage ring at DESY. The h a fragmentation function. (FF) Df which is the number extraction of multiplicities of pions and kaons for density of hadron type h produced by the fragmentation positive and negative charges gives unique information of a struck quark (antiquark) of flavour f. While on the sensitivity of the fragmentation process to quark knowledge of PDFs is highly developed, the data and antiquark flavours. These data are the most precise available to date are limited, particularly for results for multiplicities at this energy scale. Kinematic unflavoured fragmentation. The data gathered dependence of the multiplicities on the component of demonstrate that the fragmentation of a quark hadron momentum transverse to the momentum transfer (antiquark) of a specific flavour is favoured to a final state hadron that contains a quark (antiquark) of that Ph gives access to the transverse momentum flavour as a valence quark (antiquark). This flavour dependence of the fragmentation process. This correlation is seen in the magnitude of FF's for dependence is displayed in Fig. 1. “flavoured” and “unflavoured fragmentation and is exploited in SIDIS experiments to probe the flavour stucture of the nucleon.
Fig. 1. Multiplicities of pions (left panel) and kaons (right panel) for the proton and the deuteron as a function of missing symbol in four bins of z, hadron fraction of the energy transferred to the target in DIS. Positive charge is on the left and negative charge on the right of each panel. Error bars for the statistical uncertainties are too small to be visible. The systematic uncertainties are given by the error bands. Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays & Elementary Particle Physics 173
Confronting Mueller-Navelet jets in NLL BFKL with LHC experiments at 7 TeV B. Ducloue1, L. Szymanowski2, S. Wallon1 1LPT Orsay, Universite Paris-Sud , CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France 2National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
Many processes have been proposed as a way to probe the high energy dynamics of Quantum Chromo- dynamics (QCD) described by the Balitsky-Fadin- Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) approach [1]. Among the most promising ones is the hadroproduction of two forward jets separated by a large interval of rapidity at hadron colliders, proposed by Mueller and Navelet [2]. The purpose of this study [3] is to derive predictions for the observables which can be measured at LHC experiments performed by the CMS collaboration for the azimuthal correlations of these jets. The important prediction based on the BFKL dynamics is a strong decorrelation of the relative azimuthal angle between two produced jets. Indeed, while a fixed order calculation The following figure shows one example of such implies that the two jets would be emitted back-to-back, a prediction (drawn as the solid lines) obtained by taking the fact that more and more (untagged) gluons can be into account different kinds of radiative corrections. emitted between them when increasing their relative These predictions are confronted with the data points rapidity should lead to a decorrelation of this azimuthal obtained from a fixed order calculation based on the angle. conventional parton model. We conclude that precise data It is common to describe the decorrelation effects by from LHC can in principle distinguish between the two calculation of cos(n ) for different integer values n, competing dynamics. where the case with n=0 corresponds to the cross section. Such harmonic analyses can then be confronted with experimental data from LHC experiments. It turned out that theoretically more stable predictions are obtained for the ratios of decorrelation coefficients cos(n )/cos(m ).
The second figure shows that the results obtained are quite stable under change of the factorization scale and that they are below predictions of fixed order results obtained with the help of the DJET Monte Carlo code.
References [1] V.S. Fadin, E.A. Kuraev, L.N. Lipatov Phys. Lett. 60B 50 1975); E.A. Kuraev, L.N. Lipatov, V.S. Fadin Sov.
Phys, JETP 44, 443 (1976); 45, 199 (1977); I.I.
Balitsky, L.N. Lipatov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 28, 822 (1978) [2] A.H. Mueller, H. Navelet, Nucl. Phys. B282, 727 (1987) [3] B. Ducloue, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon, JHEP 1305 (2013) 096
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The Higgs boson mass and 1 TeV higgsino dark matter in SUSY A. Fowlie1, K. Kowalska2 L. Roszkowski2, E. M. Sessolo2, Y-L. S. Tsai2 1Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England 2National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
By the end of 2012, the LHC completed its 8 TeV solutions, there exists a new generic solution with run, and both the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations typical masses of the superpartners in the multi-TeV collected approximately 21/fb of data. regime. This would explain why SUSY has not been seen at the LHC. Undoubtedly, the greatest success so far has been the discovery of the Higgs boson with a mass of Thus the Higgs mass alone implies heavy approximately 126 GeV. Data collected so far imply superpartners, possibly beyond the reach of the LHC. that the particle couples to the Standard Model (SM) However, the question arises whether this is consistent gauge bosons, leptons and quarks with the strength with all the other important observational constraints on predicted by the model, or at least close to it. SUSY, in particular with the first measurements of On the other hand, direct searches for signals of BR(Bs-->μμ) by LHCb and CMS which came out to be new, beyond the SM (BSM) physics, in particular of SM-like. In Ref. [1] we focused on some popular low energy supersymmetry (SUSY), have given null unified SUSY models: the Constrained MSSM results to this point. One possible interpretation of these (CMSSM) and the Non-Universal Higgs Model results is to put into doubt the existence of ``new (NUHM) and showed that, in the parameter space physics’’. However, it is well known that the SM does region of beyond 1 TeV SUSY masses favoured by the not provide solutions to some observational puzzles: Higgs mass, also the LHC limits and flavour physics what is the dark matter in the Universe, why did constraints, are naturally satisfied, as well as the relic antimatter disappear after the Big Bang, why do density of dark matter being the lightest SUSY particle neutrinos have mass, etc. In this and other respects (LSP) which is massive and stable. Our most important SUSY still remains the most attractive candidate for result was finding a new generic solution where the dark ``new physics’’. matter is a neutralino which is nearly pure higgsino (fermionic partner of Higgs bosons) with a mass m of Moreover, one of the strongest and most concrete approximately 1 TeV. observational predictions of SUSY models with simple gauge coupling unification and mass relations among superpartners set up by the Grand Unified Theory (GUT) framework was that one of the Higgs bosons should have a mass of less than some 130 -- 135 GeV. Moreover, it should typically have SM-like couplings. In this respect the Higgs boson discovered by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations can be viewed as actually supporting the idea of constrained, or unified (or, in other words, GUT-based) SUSY models. One of the main issues addressed in Ref. [1] was to examine the implications for constrained SUSY of the actual, rather high, value of the Higgs boson mass. Unlike in the SM, in SUSY Higgs masses are calculated quantities and they receive large corrections predominantly from top quark and its superpartners stop loop diagrams. The mass of the stop squarks is typically defined as the scale of SUSY. Within the Bayesian approach, and including both the CMS central value of 125.8 GeV and the experimental error of 0.6 GeV, as Fig. 1. Total marginalized posterior probability in the well as a (dominant) theory error estimated at 2 GeV, (m SI ) plane of the CMSSM. A sample of points from the we examined what SUSY masses are favoured by the p scan is overlapped for clarity. Higgs mass. First we ignored all other observational constraints on SUSY (other than a lower limit on SUSY Such a relatively heavy neutralino will make masses from CMS) and examined a very wide range of observation of SUSY particles at LHC14 a challenge, as SUSY mass parameters, nearly an order of magnitude it strongly reduces the transverse momentum of the larger than the ranges explored by us and others before. charged and coloured particles produced in collisions. We found that, in addition to previously known
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Instead, the best prospects for the observation of the ~1 experiments, as shown in Fig. 1 where we plot regions TeV higgsino come from dark matter direct detection of 2-dimensional total Bayesian posterior probability in the (m SI ) plane for the case of the CMSSM. The CMSSM. It is therefore characteristic not only of p unified SUSY models but also of the MSSM in general. large 2-sigma region on the right side represents the new ~1 TeV higgsino dark matter region. One can see Most importantly, the ~1 TeV higgsino solution that good prospects for detection can already be implied by the Higgs mass that we have identified will foreseen for the currently running experiments LUX and be experimentally tested within the next few years. Xenon100 (which will achieve a similar sensitivity to LUX, both by approximately the end of 2014). Should this not bring positive result, then almost the whole region will be explored by the currently built XENON1T detector which will start operating in 2017. The chances for a timely detection of the previously known solutions (from the left, the stau coannihilation region and the A-funnel region, respectively), where the LSP is bino-dominated, are not as good, although the former will be almost surely tested by the LHC14, while the latter will be tested by improving constraints on rare decays, particularly by increasing the precision of the BR(Bs-->μμ) measurement. The approximately 1 TeV higgsino dark matter region is a generic prediction of unified SUSY models, and in Ref. [1] we showed this for the case of the CMSSM and the NUHM. One can easily see that, once the mass of the bino increases above 1 TeV, the higgsino becomes a favoured solution corresponding to the multi-TeV scale of SUSY, which in turn is implied Fig. 2. 2-sigma confidence region of the p9MSSM in the SI by the relatively large Higgs mass. This generic solution (m p) plane. Different colours correspond to different is clearly also allowed in a much broader framework of neutralino dark matter composition. the phenomenological MSSM. In Fig. 2 we show the distribution of the points that References SI [1] K. Kowalska, L. Roszkowski, E.M. Sessolo, JHEP 1306 satisfy all the constraints in the (m p) plane of the (2013) 078 MSSM with nine free parameters. One can see that the [2] A. Fowlie, K. Kowalska, L. Roszkowski, 1 TeV higgsino region (in red) appears in this model as E.M. Sessolo, Y-L.S.Tsai, Phys. Rev. D88 (2013) well, and prospects for its detection are similar to the 055012
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Limited asymmetry dependence of correlations from single nucleon transfer F. Flavigny1,2, A. Gillibert1, L. Nalpas1, A. Obertelli1, N. Keeley3, C. Barbieri4,D. Beaumel5, S. Boissinot1, G. Burgunder6, A. Cipollone4,7,8, A. Corsi1,J. Gibelin9, S. Giron5, J. Guillot5, F. Hammache5, V. Lapoux1, A. Matta5, E.C. Pollacco1, R. Raabe6,2, M. Rejmund6, N. de Séreville5, A. Shrivastava6, A. Signoracci1, Y. Utsuno10 1CEA, Centre de Saclay, IRFU/Service de Physique Nucléaire, France 2Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, Belgium 3National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland 4Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom 5Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, Cedex, France 6GANIL, Caen Cedex 5, France 7Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Sapienza, Roma, Italy 8INFN, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy 9LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, Caen, France 10Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
Spectroscopic factors obtained from analyses of identified in the focal plane of the VAMOS magnetic direct reactions such as (d,p), (d,3He) etc. and (e,e'p) spectrometer. Angular distributions for the deuteron reactions have long been known to show a 30-40% elastic scattering, (d,t) pickup to the ground state of 13O reduction compared to shell model calculations. Recent and (d,3He) pickup to the ground state and the 13 analyses of knock-out data induced by beams of (unbound) Ex = 3.5 MeV first excited state of N were radioactive ions suggest a strong correlation between obtained. this reduction factor, Rs, and the difference between the single neutron and proton separation energies, ΔS = ε (Sp – Sn) with ε = +1 (−1) for proton (neutron) removal reactions, with a reduction as high as 70 % for deeply bound nucleons. In this work [1] we analyse new data for the 14O(d,3He) and (d,t) reactions, 14O being chosen due to its large value of ΔS (±18.5 MeV) which should emphasise any dependence of Rs on this quantity. Cross sections for single neutron and single proton pickup from 14O were measured in inverse kinematics at the GANIL-SPIRAL facility in Caen with a radioactive beam of 14O8+ ions at 18.1 MeV/u incident Fig. 2. CRC fit to the single neutron pickup data. on a CD2 target. Light charged particles were detected with the MUST2 array while the heavy ejectiles were The data were analysed with a combined Coupled Discretised Continuum Channels (CDCC) and Coupled Reaction Channels (CRC) method. Binding potential geometries were fixed by requiring the same rms radii for the N+core radial wave functions as those of HFB calculations. The spectroscopic factors extracted from the analysis show no significant variation in Rs as a function of ΔS, unlike the knockout results.
Reference [1] F. Flavigny et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 122503 (2013)
Fig. 1. CRC fits to the elastic scattering and single proton pickup data.
180 Annual Report 2013
Puzzle of a hyper-deformed minimum in 232Th P. Jachimowicz1 , M. Kowal2 , J. Skalski2 1Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland 2National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
The topic of third minima in actinides, which are When β10 is included (red trajectory), after passing the supposedly more deformed than the superdeformed second barrier, the nucleus can easily split. New ones, and for this reason sometimes called experimental studies dedicated to hyper-deformation in “hyperdeformed,” is surrounded by some uncertainty. 232Th seem essential for the understanding of the third Their existence is inferred from an analysis of the minima in actinide nuclei. Including a dipole distortion observed transmission resonances in the prompt fission lowers the third saddle by more than 4 MeV. It seems probability in (n, f), (d, pf), (γ, f) and (e, f) reactions. likely that with the shape parameterization the dipole Using one-dimensional models for tunnelling, one tries deformation is important everywhere when large to fit the data by considering various possibilities of elongation and necking is combined with a sizable mass rotational or vibrational states, either in the second or asymmetry. For example, it may be the case for the the third well, and choosing unknown barrier Poincar´e shape transition at high spins in medium- parameters. The best fit gives energy at the third barrier heavy nuclei. and minimum, and possibly the moment of inertia in the IIIrd well. An additional check of the hypothesis may be obtained by measuring the fission fragment angular distribution. In Ref. [2] we calculated the existence of a third, hyper deformed minimum in 232Th using the Woods-Saxon microscopic-macroscopic model that reproduces very well the first and second minima and fission barriers in actinides. This article [2] was a natural continuation of systematic studies conducted previously on a number of even-even Th, U, and Pu nuclei in Ref. [1]. A hyper-deformed minimum was searched for by exploring the energy surfaces in a region of deformations beyond the second minimum. It appears that the dipole deformation β10, usually associated only with a shift of the centre of mass, effectively makes up for truncated multipoles in very deformed, mass - asymmetric configurations. We emphasize that our program automatically keeps the centre of mass at the coordinate origin: it simply applies an appropriate shift to each shape. Thus β10 serves only to probe somewhat different shapes. The deformations that label a given shape are those before the shift (as was always so in the deformed Woods-Saxon model). The landscape modification obtained by including the dipole deformation β10 is decisive for the picture of the IIIrd minima. The apparent minimum with large β3 and quadrupole moments disappears completely in the nuclei studied. One can find continuous 8D paths starting at the supposed IIIrd minimum and leading to scission, along which energy decreases gradually. A modification of the energy landscape by including β10 is shown in Fig. 1. Since the dipole is the first spherical harmonic, one night expect it to have a pronounced 232 effect. Indeed, the effect is significant. Not only is the Fig. 1. Potential energy surfaces E(β20, β40) for Th from the height of the third saddle clearly reduced, but also the 8D β10-β80 calculation; upper panel: at β10 = 0, minimized whole landscape is changed. The result indicates a large over the remaining five deformations; bottom panel: minimized over all six remaining deformations, including β10. effect of new shapes, unattainable previously. The figures also show examples of two fission paths. In the References version of the calculation without the dipole (blue [1] M. Kowal and J. Skalski, Phys. Rev. C 85, 061302(R) trajectory), after passing through the second saddle, the (2012). nucleus falls into a deep third minimum. To be split, it [2] P. Jachimowicz, M. Kowal, and J. Skalski, Phys. needs to tunnel through a more than 4MeV high barrier. Rev. C 87, 044308 (2013)
Plasma Physics & Technology 181
PLASMA PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
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Plasma Physics & Technology 183
Characteristics of fast electron streams in FTU and other MCF experiments* L. Jakubowski, M. Rabiński, K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, M.J. Jakubowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
In 2013 within the framework of the Euratom the Cherenkov probe, and it will be an object of further programme at NCBJ the diagnostic technique based on investigations, both theoretical and experimental. a Cherenkov-type detector for the FTU tokamak was Preliminary results obtained within the FTU further developed. A new, single-channel, measuring tokamak confirmed the correct operation of Cherenkov head was designed with a miniature cylindrical diamond probe. The correlation of probe signals with other plate used as the detecting crystal. It was mounted diagnostics, including primarily MHD activity, revealed within a stainless steel measuring head. The diamond significant opportunities to expand the use of the surface was coated with a thin layer of molybdenum, Cherenkov-type diagnostics for the understanding of which determined the low-energy threshold for electron tokamak physics. beams equal to 58 keV. To minimize the size of the measuring head the Cherenkov radiation was transferred Fast electrons studies, which were carried out through a thin metal tube instead of an optical fibre. recently within the TORE-SUPRA and COMPASS Then, optical signals were led out of the vacuum tokamaks by means of Cherenkov probes, are chamber by an optical fibre cable coupled with the summarized in [1-2]. photomultiplier. In 2013, using two similar Cherenkov detectors, it The measuring head was installed within the FTU was possible at the ISTTOK tokamak to perform tokamak during preparations for an experimental research on the mutual influence of the probes, as session with the use of a novel liquid-lithium limiter. applied to measurements of fast electron streams inside During the measurements the Cherenkov probe was the tokamak chamber, on other detectors and the placed inside the FTU tokamak vessel at variable behaviour of a plasma ring. positions, but in the shadow of the limiter. It was The results of previous experimental campaigns, experimentally proved that the detector was not which were carried out within the ISTTOK tokamak sensitive to the background electromagnetic radiation such as visible-, synchrotron- and gamma-emission. with the use of Cherenkov detectors containing AlN (aluminum nitride) radiators, were summarized in During the experimental session some beams of fast a paper [3], and those obtained with diamond radiators – runaway electrons were observed, particularly during were presented in two other papers [2, 4]. the phase of discharge disruptions. Moreover, a new kind of modulated signal from the Cherenkov detector References has been identified. Comparing the Cherenkov signals [1] L. Jakubowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, et al., Rev. with those obtained simultaneously from other Sci. Instrum. Vol. 84 (2013) 016107 [2] L. Jakubowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, diagnostics, an evident correlation with MHD K. Malinowski, et al., Phys. Scr. (2013) - accepted. instabilities was found. The modulated character of the [3] L. Jakubowski, V.V. Plyusnin, K. Malinowski, et al., signals resulted probably from the rotation of magnetic Contrib. Plasma Phys. 9(53) (2013) 615-622. islands around the tokamak torus. This interpretation [4] L. Jakubowski, V.V. Plyusnin, K. Malinowski, was confirmed by other correlations with signals from M.J. Sadowski, et al., Phys. Scr. (2013) - accepted a n/gamma camera (see Fig. 1). The described correlation were observed for the first time by means of * Collaboration with the ENEA-Frascati, Italy, and IPFN- Lisbon, Portugal, in the framework of the EURATOM programme.
Fig. 1. Comparison of Cherenkov signals with MHD instabilities and neutron detector signals for FTU shot No 37607.
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Application of solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDS) to fast ion and fusion reaction product measurements in tokamaks A. Szydłowski, A. Malinowska, M. Jaskóła, A. Korman, K. Malinowski, M. Kuk National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
In 2013 a new ion pinhole camera and a special manipulator, suitable for inserting this camera inside the vacuum vessel, which were designed at NCBJ in 2012 and planned for experiments within the COMPASS tokamak, were finally manufactured (see Fig 1). This camera will be equipped with a nuclear track detector of the CR-39/PM-355 type, because this kind of detector is especially sensitive and suitable for measurements of primary ions and fusion reaction products over quite a broad energy range. The first measurements within the COMPASS facility are planned in the first half of 2014. In order to support the planned measurements some calculations of proton and other ion trajectories have been performed using the Gourdon code. Additionally, in 2013 calibration measurements were extended and different characteristics of PM-355 detectors were determined, including their energy resolution for α-particle detection, sensitivity function, etching rates, etc. Recent results were presented in two papers [5-6] . Fig. 1. Pictures of a manipulator (top) and an ion pinhole camera (bottom) prepared for COMPASS experiments.
References [1] A. Szydłowski, A. Malinowska, M. Jaskóła, et al., Radiation Measurements Vol. 50 (2013) 258–260. [2] A. Malinowska, A. Szydłowski, M. Jaskóła, et al., I Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 84, No 7 (2013) 07351
Plasma Physics & Technology 185
Studies of fast ions and electrons in various plasma experimental facilities and development of new methods of plasma diagnostics at extreme conditions in fusion reactors
M.J. Sadowski1-2, K. Czaus1, R. Kwiatkowski1, K. Malinowski1, E. Składnik-Sadowska1, J. Żebrowski1, M. Paduch2, M. Scholz3, I.E. Garkusha4 and V.V. Makhlay4 1National Centre for Nuclear Research Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IFPiLM), Warsaw, Poland 3Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Ac. Sci. (IFJ PAN), Cracow, Poland 4Institute of Plasma Physics (IPP), KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
In 2013 the most important results of earlier Next, laboratory tests of the complete probes were experimental and theoretical studies of fast ion carried out at the RPI-IBIS and PF-360 facilities, as emission, performed within plasma facilities of the shown in Fig. 2. RPI-, PF- and MCF-type, were summarized in an invited lecture given during the international plasma seminar at the IPP in Kharkov, and published later in PAST [1]. In particular, research on the spatial and energetic structure of fast ion streams from RPI-IBIS, PF-360 and PF-1000 devices, which were investigated with nuclear track detectors, ion pinhole cameras and Thomson analyzers was analysed. Also described were studies of fast electron beams emitted from various plasma facilities. Particular attention was paid to progress in mass- and energy-analysis of the fast ion Fig. 2. Picture of the completed ion probe during tests beams emitted from RPI-type plasma discharges, which within the PF-360 facility. were investigated by means of a modernized Thomson- type analyzer. A detailed report, based an the earlier Continued computer simulations of trajectories of presentation at the Alushta-2012 conference, was 3 fast protons, tritons and He ions, i.e. fusion products published in PAST [2]. which might be measured in the COMPASS tokamak Other efforts concerned the development of new were also continued in 2013. Expected efficiencies of diagnostic tools for ion measurements under extreme the detectors to be used in future experiments were also thermal loads expected in future fusion reactors. These calculated. The results were presented at the studies were performed in the framework of the national international conference PLASMA-2013 [4]. programme concerning “Studies and development of Measurements and computer modelling of fast ion technology for controlled thermonuclear fusion“1. The emission from plasma accelerators of the RPI-typewere technical project for the ion probes was completed, performef simultaneous. The detailed results obtained a universal manipulator for exchangeable positioning of for the RPI-IBIS facility were summarized in a Ph.D. two measuring heads was designed and constructed. thesis and presented at the PLASMA-2013 conference Also manufactured were both measuring heads. [5]. A picture of the first one is shown in Fig. 1. References [1] M.J. Sadowski, K. Czaus, et al. PAST Ser. Plasma Phys. 83 (2013) 252-257
[2] K. Czaus, E. Składnik-Sadowska, et al. PAST Ser. Plasma Phys. 83 (2013) 261-263 [3] R. Kwiatkowski, et al., Proc. PLASMA-2013, Warsaw, Sept. 2013, Poster P-2.04 [4] K. Malinowski, Ph.D. Thesis (NCBJ, Otwock-Swierk (2013) [5] K. Malinowski, et al., Proc. PLASMA-2013, Warsaw,
Sept. 2013, Poster P-5.06 Fig. 1. Parts of the measuring head containing an ion-pinhole camera with a rotating support for * Collaboration with IFPiLM, IFJ PAN and IPP KIPT. nuclear track detectors. 1 Part of this research was supported by an NCBiR grant under
contract No. SP/J/2/143234/11. After the assembly of the measuring heads a high- vacuum test of the whole ion probe was performed.
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Optical emission spectroscopy of free-propagating plasma streams and their interactions with solid targets*
E. Skladnik-Sadowska1, M.J. Sadowski1-2, R. Kwiatkowski1, K. Malinowski1, K. Nowakowska-Langier1 A. Czarnecka2, M. Kubkowska2, M. Paduch2, M. Scholz2, I.E. Garkusha3, V.A. Makhlay3, M.S. Ladygina3 1National Centre for Nuclear Research Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IFPiLM), Warsaw, Poland 3Institute of Plasma Physics (IPP), KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
In 2013 the results of earlier experimental studies of * Collaboration with IFPiLM and IPP KIPT plasma produced by a carbon target irradiated by laser pulses, as performed with the use of optical emission spectroscopy and reported at the Alushta-2012 conference, were summarized in a paper published in the PAST [1]. Detailed optical-emission spectroscopy studies of free-propagating plasma streams and plasma produced during their interactions with solid targets within the RPI-IBIS and modified PF-1000 facility were summarized in another paper also published in the PAST [2]. In further spectroscopic studies particular attention was paid to plasma produced by tungsten and CFC Fig. 2. Part of the optical spectrum recorded for Al/N2 pulsed plasma interacting with a Cu target. targets irradiated in the modified PF-1000 facility.
Results were reported at the international conference In the framework of scientific collaboration with the PLASMA-2013 [3]. An example of the recorded spectra is shown in Fig. 1. IPP KIPT in Kharkov studies on the behaviour of different tungsten samples irradiated by intense plasma streams from plasma accelerators were performed. Results were presented at the PLASMA-2013 conference [6]. The dependence of tungsten cracks on the heat load and the number of plasma shots is shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 1. Evolution of optical spectra of plasma produced from by CFC target in the PF-1000 device.
In the PF-1000 facility studies of interaction intense Fig. 3. Cracks in the tungsten surface vs. the number of plasma-ion streams with a SiC targetwere also plasma pulses at various heat loads, as observed for sintered samples at 0.75 MJ/m2 (1) and 0.45 MJ/m2 (2), and for the performed. The spectroscopic measurements made it rolled sample (3) at a heat load above the melting threshold. possible to determine the dynamics of the optical emission and to identify the ion species in plasma References streams and plasma produced at the target surface. [1] A. Czarnecka, M. Kubkowska, et al., PAST Ser. Plasma These most important results were presented at the Phys. 83 (2013) 258-260 PLASMA-2013 conference [4]. [2] E. Składnik-Sadowska, R. Kwiatkowski, et al., PAST Ser. Plasma Phys. 83 (2013) 279-283 Other efforts concerned research on coatings [3] M. Kubkowska, E. Składnik-Sadowska, et al., Proc. obtained by means of the IPD (Impulse Plasma PLASMA-2013, Warsaw, Sept. 2013, Oral O-4.3 Deposition) process. The measurements were performed [4] E. Składnik-Sadowska, R. Kwiatkowski, et al., Proc. at the Warsaw University of Technology. The results PLASMA-2013, Warsaw, Sept. 2013, Oral O-4.5 obtained were presented at the PLASMA-2013 [5] K. Nowakowska-Langier, K. Zdunek, et al., Proc. conference [5]. An example of identified spectral lines PLASMA-2013, Warsaw, Sept. 2013, Oral O-7.3 is shown in Fig. 2. [6] V.A. Makhlaj, I.E. Garkusha, et al., Proc. PLASMA- 2013, Warsaw, Sept. 2013, Poster P-4.08
Plasma Physics & Technology 187
Adhesion of coatings obtained by the Impulse Plasma Deposition method K. Nowakowska-Langier1, , K. Zdunek1,2, R. Chodun2, S. Okrasa2 , R. Kwiatkowski1, K. Malinowski1, E. Składnik-Sadowska1, M. J. Sadowski1 1National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Fig. 1. Part of the optical spectrum recorded for Al/N2 pulsed plasma interacting with Cu (A) and HSS (B) substrates, placed at a distance of 180 mm. The exposure time was 500 s.
The Impulse Plasma Deposition (IPD) technique is probable explanation is that vapours from the irradiated the only method of plasma surface engineering (among substrate are then condensed together with the plasma plasma-based technologies) which allows a synthesis of constituents upon the substrate surface. The surface layers upon a cold unheated substrate and ensures good sputtering could be a secondary effect of the substrate adhesion. We studied the plasma impacts upon surface bombarding by the plasma particles. In our a substrate surface during the IPD process [1,2]. In our opinion both the subplantation of plasma constituents as experiment the substrate was exposed to pulsed N2/Al well as sputtering/condensation of the substrate material plasma streams during the synthesis of AlN layers. should be taken into consideration as processes Application of optical emission spectroscopy was used responsible for the layer adhesion during IPD. for monitoring of the phenomena which take place during the IPD synthesis of the layers, in particular the References registration of the effects of pulsed plasma interactions [1] K. Nowakowska-Langier, K. Zdunek, R. Chodun, with the substrate (spattering / evapouration of coatings S. Okrasa, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska, M.J. Sadowski On coatings / substrates). The OES measurements, as performed for adhesion during the Impulse Plasma Deposition, the first time in the IPD experiment, showed that the International Conference on Research and Application interaction of plasmoids during the IPD process leads to of Plasmas, Warsaw, Poland, September 2-6, 2013 the effective sputtering of the exposed substrate material [2] K. Nowakowska-Langier, K. Zdunek, R. Chodun, (Fig.1). The results obtained from this experiment S. Okrasa, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, provided valuable information about good adhesion of E. Składnik-Sadowska, M.J. Sadowski., Phys. Scr. (2014) the layers obtained by the IPD method. The most
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Deposition and optimization of thin lead layers for superconducting accelerator photocathodes at NCBJ in 2013 R. Nietubyć, J. Lorkiewicz, M. Barlak, A. Kosińska, R. Mirowski, J. Witkowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The morphology of an arc deposited lead These studies showed the in effectiveness of EUV photocathode layer on niobium is shaped by the treatment and led us to the conclusion that further population, size, distribution and shapes of micro- optimization should be reached with the use of the droplets coming from erosion of the cathode in the following two methods: coating device. These droplets, in a resonant cavity with 1. Fast lead deposition (≈3 micrometers/min.) in accelerating gradient reaching 40 MV/m, disturb the a straight, short arc system combined with field distribution and initiate electron field emission. subsequent layer melting and recrystallisation by The reduction of droplet population together with shape applying plasma ion pulses in the IBIS rod plasma flattening was performed by lead plasma flux filtering injector (at NCBJ) and during the deposition and by film annealing and 2. Lead deposition in an arc system equipped with recrystallization after coating. In order to find an a 30o knee-type filter used to reduce micro-droplets effective surface treatment the sample films were with possible additional treatment in IBIS. melted with beams of extreme ultraviolet radiation The first method led to deposition of Pb layers with (EUV) in vacuum and with ion beams. The resulting very high density of protrusions of different shape and changes in surface morphology and composition were dimensions (from 1 to more than 100 micrometre, observed using SEM.) Fig. 1a). The post-processing in therod plasma injector – applying 2-3 ion pulses with 1,5 J/cm2 superscript fluency - resulted in melting and flattening of droplets and craters with dimensions up to 30 micrometres (Fig. 1b). More massive extrusions were not melted at that low energy density. Further increasing the fluency or number of ion pulses led to layer discontinuities with most of the substrate surface deprived of lead due to poor niobium wettability with liquid lead (Fig. 1c). Wettability improvement is planned in the future by creating an intermediate layer between the niobium substrate and thelead layer. Using the UHV arc system with droplet filter Fig. 1. SEM images of a 2µm thick lead layer on Nb after allowed, after optimizing the position of the coated coating in a straight (non-filtered) UHV arc system (a), after target with respect to the filter, to reach very low subsequent treating with six Ar+ pulses of fluency 2 1.5 J/cm2(b) and three more pulses of 2.5 J/cm2(c). A uniform density of micro-droplets (ca 30/mm ) of mitigated 2 µm thick Pb layer in Fig. (d) was reached by deposition with contours, embedded in a uniform lead layer with angular droplets filter, followed by treatment with three Ar+ roughness Ra below 0.1 micrometre (Fig.1d). ion pulses of 1.5 J/cm2 fluency. Note the scale difference.
Channeled PIXE and magnetic measurements in CO implanted and thermally annealed ZnO single crystals Z. Werner1, R. Ratajczak1, J. Gosk2,3, M. Barlak1, A. Twardowski2, C. Pochrybniak1, Q. Zhao4 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland 3Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland 4University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan, Leuven, Belgium
Ferromagnetic semiconductors operating at room and to remove the radiation induced crystallographic temperature with ferromagnetism (FM) controlled by disorder by a suitable annealing technique. Zinc oxide the electronic system (charge carriers) is a dream of doped with cobalt is a prospective material in which researchers interested in the development of spintronics. high temperature FM is predicted theoretically. One of the possible ways to manufacture such a material FM was detected in ZnO but its interpretation is far is to implant a standard semiconductor or from complete. The results of various groups are semiconducting compound with a transition metal (TM) inconsistent with one another and depend to a great
Plasma Physics & Technology 189 extend on the preparation technology. The origin of FM magnetons) i.e. to a value much higher than the is claimed to be TM impurity-related, TM and intrinsic implanted Co dose. Upon annealing the FM phase defect-related and even purely intrinsic defect-related. disappears and the PM phase grows to a value of about 8·1016μ . Since high-dose implantation of Co was shown to B lead to second phase formation (metallic Co We interpret this result as a manifestation of defect- precipitates), we implanted ZnO single crystals with Co related FM in which thermal annealing leads to doses of theorder of 1016 cm-2 and we annealed the transformation of defects. The cPIXE results confirm samples at 800°C in argon flow. The samples were that annealing is incomplete from the crystallographic characterized by cPIXE and magnetization measu- point of view. ments. Reference The magnetization measurements revela that the [1] Z. Werner, R. Ratajczak, J. Gosk, M. Barlak, implanted sample contains two phases; a paramagnetic A. Twardowski, C. Pochrybniak, Q. Zhao: Channeled (PM) one and a FM one. The total magnetic moment in PIXE and magnetic measurements in Co implanted and each of the two phases amounts to about 4·1016μ (Bohr thermally annealed ZnO single crystals, accepted for B publication in Applied Surface Science (2014)
High temperature properties of 316L stainless steel doped with Yttrium using intense pulsed plasma beams M. Barlak1, Z. Werner1, C. Pochrybniak1, B. Sartowska2, W. Starosta2, L. Waliś2, R. Ratajczak1 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock, Poland 2Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland Stainless steels doped with yttrium or rare earth elements (REE) exhibit improved high-temperature oxidation resistance. In the present work we report on the use of yttrium as an active element incorporated into 316L stainless steel using High Intensity Pulsed Plasma Beams (HIPPB). The main parameters of the modification were: - delay time τD (between the moment of injection of the working gas into the inter-electrode space and the application of voltage to the electrodes): about 140 µs, - delay time τB (between the moment of voltage Fig. 1. The results of SEM observation of “good” and “poor” application and the beginning of the plasma regions of the oxidized sample. implosion): from 2.4 µs to 4.0 µs, Fig. 1 presents the results of SEM observations of - pulse duration: about 1 µs, “good” regions (a flawless and well adhering surface) - pulse energy density: about 2 Jcm-2, and “poor” regions (defects, e.g. pits). The “good” - number of pulses: 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15, region is characterized by a compact and homogeneous - working gas: nitrogen (99.9% purity), morphology. There are two main kinds of “poor” - electrode material: yttrium. regions. Their morphology is non-homogeneous with The thickness of the modified layers determined by numerous “pores”. RBS measurements was from 8 nm to 340 nm. The EDS results (not shown here) from the presented maximum concentration of yttrium in the modified regions show that in the “flawless surface” case the layers was about 80%. yttrium presence is visible, unlike in the “poor surface” Selected treated samples were subsequently case. Additionally, the iron content is lower in the “poor oxidized at 1000ºC for 100 hours in air at 50% relative surface” case. These facts are probably associated with humidity. The heating rate was about 25ºC/min. and the the low resistance to high temperature oxidation of the cooling rate was about 10ºC/min. modified steel. According to the yttrium content, different morphologies of the modified samples were observed.
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Jet Counter – experiment with carbon ions at the HIL A. Bancer, S. Pszona, E. Jaworska, A. Dudziński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock - Swierk, Poland
Carbon ion therapy is the therapy of choice for The ICSDs for carbon ions of 45 MeV and 76 MeV tumours because of the well-defined carbon ion range. were measured in N2 for two cavity sizes with A further benefit of carbon ions is that their biological 0.16 μg/cm2 and 0.32 μg/cm2 diameters. The results are effect is most pronounced in the Bragg peak and in the presented in Figures 1 and 2. These results are distal edge close to the Bragg peak. This enhanced compared with the experimental data, measured by the biological effectiveness is related to the ionization PTB group with the Ion Counter [3]. The ICSDs results structure of the carbon ion track at the nanometer level. for carbon ions of 45MeV measured by the PTB Ion In view of the impending radiation therapy with carbon Counter [4] for cavity size have been compared with ions, the ionization structure of the carbon ion track at measurement by NCBJ for cavity size. The results of the nanometre scale is of particular interest. such a comparison are seen in Figure 3. It has been shown that the ICSDs spectra measured by the Jet The Jet Counter [1] is capable of measuring the track Counter can be matched with the spectra of the PTB ion structure of ionizing particles in a gas target equivalent counter by changing the gas cavity size. It has been to a nanometric site in condensed matter. These shown that the effective diameters D of the gas cavities experiments-namely measurements of the ionization of the two gas nanodosimeters which differ with the cluster size distribution, ICSD, created by carbon ions in efficiency of single ion η collection are related as:η D a simulated nanometre sized (SNS) nitrogen volume 1 1 = η D . Further investigation is needed to elucidate the were carried out at the Heavy Ion Laborastory,HIL 2 2 differences in ICSDs spectra from both systems accelerator using 45 MeV and 76 MeV carbon ions. For especially for the larger cluster size region. more technical details of the Jet Counter see Ref.[2].
Fig. 1. Ionization cluster size distributions produced by Fig. 3: Comparison of ICSD spectra measured by the PTB ion 45 MeV and 76 MeV carbon ions in a 0.16 μg/cm2 nitrogen counter with those measured with the NCBJ Jet Counter. nanometric target. NCBJ Jet Counter. Comparison performed for 45 MeV carbon ions in different targets area densities (see figure).
This work was carried out within the EMRP Joint Research Project SIB06 “BioQuaRT”. The EMRP is jointly funded by the EMRP participating countries within EURAMET and the European Union References [1] S. Pszona, J. Kula, S. Marjanska, 2000. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A447, 601-607 [2] A. Bantsar, 2011. Ph D Thesis, e-Print: arXiv:1207.6893. [3] G. Garty, S. Shchemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, I. Orion, G.P. Guedes, R. Schulte, V. Bashkirov, B. Grosswendt, Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 99, 325–330 (2002). Fig. 2. Ionization cluster size distributions produced by [4] A. Bantsar, G. Hilgers, S. Pszona, H. Rabus, 45 MeV and 76 MeV carbon ions in a 0.32 μg/cm2 nitrogen Z. Szeflinski, Radiat. Prot. Dosim. (to be published). nanometric target. NCBJ Jet Counter.
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Performance of FBK high-density SiPMs in scintillation spectrometry* M. Grodzicka1, T. Szczęśniak1, M. Moszyński1, A. Ferri2, C. Piemonte2, M. Szawłowski1, A. Gola2, A. Tarolli2 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK-IRST), Povo di Trento (TN), Italy
The aim of this work was to provide the thermoplastic used for scintillator coupling. The excess characteristics of two samples of Fondazione Bruno noise factor measured in one condition is independent of Kessler (FBK) high-density SiPMs with an active area the temperature for overvoltages lower than 9.5V. of 2.2x2.2 mm2 (15x15 µm2 single cell size) and Above this value, at 20°C, the quenching mechanism 4x4 mm2 (30x30 µm2 single cell size) in gamma-ray starts to be inefficient determining a larger fluctuation spectrometry with LSO and CsI:Tl scintillators. The of the charge produced by a single avalanche. This, in measurements presented in this work covered: turn, produces a rapid increase of the ENF. measurements of the single photoelectron spectra, characteristics of the breakdown voltage versus temperature, verification of the excess noise factor, selection of the optimum operating voltage for energy resolution, verification of the linearity of the SiPM response for both scintillators, verification of the number of photoelectrons and gamma-ray spectrometry for a wide range of X and gamma ray energies from 22.1 to 1408 keV. The breakdown voltage was determined using two methods. The first method was based on the current- voltage characteristics and the second method was based on the single photoelectron spectra measurements Fig. 2. Response of 2.2x2.2mm SiPM (15x15µm) to low level light illumination (pulse width = 40ns, shaping time = 0.25µs, for different overvoltages. Fig. 1 summarizes these temperature +20°C, digital electronics). measurements for all the SiPMs tested and various 2,8 temperatures. 2,6 RGB-HD SiPM (15x15µm) 0 2,4 -40 C, first condition 0 28,0 -20 C, first condition 2,2 0 RGB-HD SiPM (30x30µm) 0 C, first condition 0 27,5 first method, t = 24.5 ±1 mV/ C 0 c 2,0 20 C, first condition 0 0 second method, t = 24 ±1 mV/ C -40 C, second condition 27,0 c 1,8 RGB-HD SiPM (15x15µm) 0 26,5 first method, t = 25 ±1 mV/ C 1,6 c 0 second method, t =24 ±1 mV/ C
Excess noise factorExcess noise 1,4 26,0 c
1,2 25,5 1,0 25,0 0,8
Breakdown voltage (V) voltage Breakdown 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 24,5 Bias voltage (V) 24,0 Fig. 3. The excess noise factor vs. overvoltage measured for
23,5 2.2x2.2 mm SiPM. -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 Temperature (0C) Fig. 1. Characteristics of the breakdown voltage vs. The measurements carried out with the device temperature from -40°C to +20°C. covered by the optical thermoplastic showed an ENF larger by about 14% (compare black and open Application of analogue electronics at room diamonds). The excess noise factor measured without temperature with theminimum possible shaping time of the optical-quality thermoplastic is equal to 1.12 0.25µs does not allow single or multi–photoelectron at +20°C, whereas ENF = 1.28 with the thermoplastic. spectra from the 2.2x2.2µm and 4x4µm SiPMs to be The increase of the ENF is caused by the increase in the recorded. Measurements with the digital electronics number of external cross-talks. (using a DRS4 Evaluation Board) allowed application of a much shorter integration time (80ns) and then A significantly larger ENF of 1.55 at 2.4V a clear visualization of the single photoelectron overvoltage was recorded for the SiPM with larger response (see Fig. 2). microcells. Fig. 3 presents the dependence of the excess noise The selection of an optimum operating voltage was factor (ENF) for 2.2x2.2mm, 15µm SiPM versus based on the results of the measured energy resolution overvoltage at different temperatures. The ENF versus bias voltage (see Fig. 4). Gamma peaks of 109 137 measurements were made under two conditions: first – 88 keV from Cd and 661.6 keV from Cs sources bare device, second – device covered by the optical were used during the analysis.
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The optimal bias voltage for the smaller tested peaks recorded in the SiPM to be monitored. The peak SiPM is 35V (overvoltage of 9.3V). In the case of the position for an energy of 39.9 keV was used for larger device the optimal bias voltage value is 28.5V normalization of the PMT response to the SiPM (overvoltage of 2.4V). These values are independent of response. the measured gamma energy. The response of the smaller RGB-HD SiPM (15x15µm) coupled to a CsI:Tl and LSO scintillators is shown in Fig. 6. The dashed line represents the ideal case where the SiPM response is fully proportional to the PMT response and the tested detector is linear. We consider a response as linear when the SiPM peak position does not deviate more than 2% (measurement accuracy) from the dashed line. The response of the smaller RGB-HD SiPM (15x15µm) coupled to a CsI:Tl crystal is almost linear (3%) in the gamma-ray energy range up to 1408 keV, which is a remarkable result considering the relatively small SiPM size. The response for LSO is only slightly nonlinear; for example at 661.6 keV the deviation is Fig. 4. Energy resolution of 661.6 keV and 88keV gamma-rays only about 5%. In the case of the larger RGB-HD SiPM detected in a 2x2x4mm3 CsI:Tl crystal coupled to the (30x30µm) coupled to a CsI:Tl crystal, the device is 2.2x2.2mm SiPM for different bias voltages. almost linear (3%) in the gamma-ray energy range up to 344 keV. The significantly lower linearity range of the The best energy resolution measured with 4x4mm SiPM is a result of the relatively small number a 2x2x5mm3 CsI:Tl crystal coupled to the 2.2x2.2mm of 17956 APD cells and their large recovery time SiPM for 88keV is equal to 11.5% and for 661.6keV is (9 times longer compared to 15µm devices). equal to 5.6% (see Fig. 5). In the case of a 3.8x3.8x3.8mm3 CsI:Tl crystal coupled to the 4x4mm SiPM, the energy resolution for 88keV is equal to 10.25%.
Fig. 6. Linearity of 2.2x2.2mm SiPM in the case of readout of different scintillation materials: 2x2x5mm CsI:Tl and Fig. 5. The energy spectrum of 661.6keV gamma rays, as 2x2x5mm LSO. measured with a 2x2x5mm3 CsI:Tl crystal coupled to the 2.2x2.2mm SiPM. Fig. 7 presents the Integral Photon Detection Efficiency characteristic of the 2.2x2.2mm SiPM For each crystal and SiPM type the linearity of the estimated from the measurements with the CsI:Tl SiPM response and the energy resolution for a wide scintillator and using a typical emission spectrum of range of X and gamma ray energies from 22.1 to CsI:Tl. The integral PDE is equal to 19.5% for the 1408 keV was verified. Three spectra with three 152 137 22 optimum operating voltage and wavelength different radioactive sources: Eu, Cs and Na were corresponding to the CsI:Tl crystal. used. The same measurements were repeated with an XP2020Q PMT. The excellent linearity of the XP2020Q PMT allows the “expected” positions of the energy
Detectors, Accelerators, Physics of Materials & Applications 195
Over voltage (V) The study presented in this paper showed that the 1.3 2.3 4.3 6.3 8.3 10.3 12.3 14.3 70 RGB-HD SiPMs work very well as scintillation 65 SiPM 15x15um+CsI:Tl photodetectors. The biggest problem of the tested 60 samples is their small total active area and consequently 55 50 limited range of linearity. 45 40 35
Presented at 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical 30 Imaging Conference, Seoul, Korea, Oct. 27 – Nov. 2 25 * This work was supported in part by the EU Structural Funds Project 20 no POIG.01.01.02-14-012/08-00. 15 10 5 0
integral PDE (%) with crosstalk and after-pulses crosstalk and with (%)PDE integral 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 Bias voltage (V) Fig. 7. Integral Photon detection efficiency charac- teristic of the 2.2x2.2 mm SiPM measured with a CsI:Tl scintillator.
Comparison of large samples (2 inch × 2 inch) of plastic and liquid scintillators with pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities J. Iwanowska-Hanke, M. Moszyński, L. Świderski, T. Szczęśniak, P. Sibczyński, T. Krakowski, P. Schotanus National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) is one of the most [2]. In the last 3 years the problem of lack of n/γ important method for discrimination of high-energy discrimination has been overcome by several groups of neutrons in the presence of a gamma-ray background. scientists. The motivation for the studies on plastic This technique is based on the analysis of the different scintillators was provided by the group from Lawrence shapes of the scintillation signal originating from Livermore National Laboratory, USA [3]. They gamma radiation and neutrons in some types of organic demonstrated PSD in plastic scintillators. On the basis scintillators. Commonly known scintillators that have of their patent, Eljen Technology manufactured the first PSD capabilities are stilbene and anthracene crystals, as samples of commercial plastic scintillators. In this work well as a wide range of oxygen-free liquid scintillators. we reported the results of PSD characterization of One of the first commercial liquids was NE213, 4 commercially available plastics: EJ299-33, EJ299- followed by other similar products, such as BC501A, 33G (green, see Fig. 1), EJ-299-34 and EJ299-34G. EJ301. Organic crystals have good PSD performance; \ however, it is difficult to obtain them in large dimensions. Liquid scintillators can be built in large volumes, but they are usually toxic and flammable. Liquid scintillators can be used in large volumes in high energy physics applications, however, the possibility of toxic leakage becomes dangerous in the case of Homeland Security, where the safety of the public is an important issue. A good level of PSD, similar to that obtained with liquids, must also work in plastics, because crystallographic structure should not be necessary for PSD capabilities. However, for 50 years PSD in plastic scintillators has always been reported to be absent or significantly inferior to that in stilbene or liquid Fig. 1. Photograph of the EJ299-34 (left) and EJ299-34G scintillators, leading to the opinion that plastics are (right). unsuitable for neutron detection via PSD technique [1],
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Since 2012, the problem of lack of n/γ discrimination in plastic scintillators has been overcome and recent results show significant improvement in thedevelopment of plastic scintillators with these properties. Although liquids and organic crystals still have better PSD performance, plastics give a reasonable alternative for neutron detection with gamma-ray discrimination. The main advantage of plastic scintillators is their robustness, non-toxicity and inflammability. References [1] F.D. Brooks et al. “Pulse Shape Discrimination in a Plastic Scintillator” IRE Trans. On Nucl. Sci. NS-7 (2–3) (1960) [2] G.F. Knoll, “Radiation Detection and Measurement”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. [3] N. Zaitseva et. Al. “Plastic scintillators with efficient neutron/gamma pulse shape scrimination” Nucl.
Instrum. Meth A 668 (2012) 88-93 Fig. 2. Examples of experimental PSD two-dimensional patterns measured with EJ299-34 plastic (left panel) and EJ301 liquid scintillators (right panel).
5 EJ 299-33 EJ 299-33 G 4 EJ 299-34 EJ 299-34 G EJ301 3
2
Figure of Merit of Figure 1
0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 energy cut (keVee)
Fig. 3. Figure of merit (FOM) vs. energy (in electron equivalent units) for plastic scintillators and EJ301 liquid. The measurements were performed with the same PMT (Photonis XP 5500B) and the same applied voltage.
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Measuring the scintillation decay time for different energy depositions in NaI:Tl* L. Świderski, M. Moszyński, A. Syntfeld-Każuch, M. Szawłowski, T. Szczęśniak National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The fact that scintillator response to γ-rays is non- registered for energy depositions between 10 keV and proportional has been known for about 60 years [1]. 450 keV. However, the nature of this phenomenon is not entirely There are two scintillation decay components understood and is still being investigated. In the last 10 observed in NaI:Tl [4], a fast component with a decay years several experiments were done in order to study time constant of about 0.23 μs and a slow one, that the influence of scintillation slow components on the extends to the few hundred nanoseconds range. energy resolution. A common conclusion from these Although the slow component has a small intensity studies was that in most of the cases, integrating long relative to the fast one at room temperature, its influence components of the scintillation decay reduces the light on the pulse shape is noticeable and can be measured. yield non-proportionality and, in consequence, results in Therefore, we put our efforts into recording the pulses improvement of the intrinsic resolution of a scintillator. in a timescale extended to 8 μs and we used a double Moreover, A. Syntfeld-Kazuch has observed the exponential decay function in the fitting procedure. difference between light pulse shapes in CsI:Tl when Fig. 1 presents an example of registered scintillation irradiated with X rays (6 keV) or γ rays (662 keV) [2]. It pulse averaged over all events detected by the NaI:Tl turned out that low energy excitation produces less under irradiation by a 137Cs source emitting 662 keV intense slow components than observed in the case of γ rays and 32 keV X rays. several hundred keV γ rays. To quantify the decay curves, they were fitted with These facts imply that various decay components the sum of two exponential terms on a linear may have different non-proportionality characteristics. background, as follows: Thus it is assumed that investigating the energy dependence of light pulse shapes in scintillators may y=A1exp(-t/τ1)+A2exp(-t/τ2)+y0 (1), shed some light on this issue. Recently, an effort to perform such measurement was carried out by W.-S. where τ1 and τ2 are the decay time constants of the fast Choong et al. [3]. The results presented for a NaI:Tl and slow components of the light pulses, A1 and A2 are sample showed only a weak trace of differences in pulse their amplitudes, and y is the background level. shapes recorded for various energy depositions, 0 however, at low energy depositions the experimental uncertainty was substantial. The results published by Choong et al. prompted us to prepare a similar experimental setup to investigate the energy dependence of scintillation pulse shapes in a more direct way. We have developed a simple experimental setup for registering scintillation decay profiles as a function of energy deposited in the scintillator. Due to the fact that the pulses are registered directly from the anode of a fast response PMT (Hamamatsu R5320), high accuracy of the measurements is preserved. The experimental technique presented herein opens the possibility to study relations between energy deposition Fig. 1. Averaged scintillation pulse recorded for NaI:Tl and different scintillation decay components. As a result irradiated with a 137Cs source. A two exponential terms fit to of using the described technique, we were able to the data is indicated by the solid line. extract decay time constants and non-proportionality characteristics of fast and slow scintillation components Fig. 2 presents the dependence of the NaI:Tl fast in NaI:Tl separately. scintillation component decay time values recorded for The tested NaI:Tl sample was a 10 10 5 mm3 various energy depositions in the sample. At large cuboid. The measurements involved registration of the energy depositions, above about 100 keV, the decay pulses yielded by full-energy absorption of several time has a constant value of 225(10) ns. One may notice KX-ray and γ-ray sources between 17 keV and 662 keV. that below 100 keV there is a clear shortening of the Besides, Compton continuum events from Cs-137 were decay time, reaching 11% less than that registered for energy events above 100 keV. This effect is observed
198 Annual Report 2013 both for γ ray absorption peaks and Compton electrons, Fig. 4 presents non-proportionality curves recorded chosen from the continuum spectrum registered in the for fast and slow components, along with the non- scintillator. The energy dependence of the slow proportionality of the total pulse. This, to our component decay times extracted from the same fits is knowledge, is the first example where presented in Fig. 3. The averaged pulse from all events non-proportionality of various decay components from registered with a 137Cs source shows a slow decay time one scintillator has been measured. Moreover, these two of 1.04(10) μs. In contrast to the fast decay mode, the decays have opposite the non-proportionality slow component does not show reduction of the decay characteristics, although they are generated within the time. Moreover, at very low energy deposition of same crystal lattice. A further, deeper, study of the 10 keV we see a large slowing down of the pulse. nature of this phenomenon is needed to understand the origin of the non-proportionality. However, already at this point we have a very useful conclusion for the experimental state of the art. Inverse non- proportionality trends registered for fast and slow components in NaI:Tl explain the necessity of extended pulse integration in order to ensure integration of the entire light emitted by alkali iodide scintillators [5], especially those exhibiting intense long decay modes. Proper pulse integration leads to a reduction of light yield non-proportionality and in turn improves the intrinsic resolution of a scintillator.
Fig. 2. Energy dependence of the fast decay component measured for a NaI:Tl scintillator using Compton electron response and γ ray absorption peaks.
Fig. 4. Non-proportionality of NaI:Tl response extrac-ted for fast and slow component, and total pulse (sum of fast and slow). The data were normalized to the intensity of the pulse induced with full energy peak events from 662 keV γ rays from the 137Cs source.
Presented at 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Fig. 3. Energy dependence of the fast decay component and Medical Imaging Conference, Seoul, Korea, Oct. 27 measured for a NaI:Tl scintillator using Compton electron – Nov. 2 response and γ ray absorption peaks. References The fact that the fitting procedure gives us the [1] P. Iredale, Nucl. Instr. Methods 11 (1961) 336-339 amplitudes and decay constants of the fast and slow [2] A. Syntfeld-Kazuch, M. Moszynski, L. Swiderski, scintillation for different energy depositions allows us to W. Klamra, A. Nassalski, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-55 extract non-proportionality responses for the two (2008) 1246-1250 components separately. The non-proportionality is [3] W. S. Choong, G. Bizarri, N.J. Cherepy, G. Hull, defined in this case as the energy dependence of the W.W. Moses, S.A. Payne, Nucl. Instr. Methods A646 intensity I of a scintillation component k divided by the (2011) 95-99 [4] M. Moszynski, et al., Nucl. Instr. Methods A568 (2006) deposited energy E at which it was measured, and 739-751 normalized to unity at 662 keV. The intensity of [5] M. Moszynski, A. Nassalski, A. Syntfeld-Kazuch, L. a component k is calculated at each deposited energy Swiderski, T. Szczesniak, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-55 point as the product of the amplitude (Ak) and decay (2008) 1062-1068 constant (τk) resulting from a fit to a registered averaged scintillation pulse: * This work was supported in part by the EU Structural Funds Project no POIG.01.01.02-14-012/08-00.
Ik(E)=Akτk (2).
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Scintillator optimization for JET gamma-ray diagnostics I. Zychor1, V. Kiptily2, A. Gójska1, M. Moszyński1, J. Rzadkiewicz1, P. Sibczyński1, A.Syntfeld-Każuch1, Ł.Świderski1 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK
Gamma-ray diagnostics of magnetically confined To find the optimal thickness of the scintillator, we plasmas investigated in the Joint European Torus (JET) take a figure of merit (FoM) equal to the ratio between tokamak provide information on runaway electrons (fast the DEP intensity for the 4.4 MeV gamma ray, located electrons that often appear during plasma disruptions), at 3.4 MeV, and the number of events in the background fusion products and other fast ions due to nuclear over the same energy range produced in the detector reactions on fuel ions or main plasma impurities such as by 6.0 MeV gammas.In Fig. 2 (left) the spectra obtained carbon and beryllium. The energy and spatial for a scintillator with a thickness of 5 mm irradiated by distributions of runaway and fast ions in plasma are gammas with energies of 4.4 (upper) and 6.0 MeV measured in JET with the Gamma Cameras, equipped (lower) are compared. In the right part of Fig. 2 such a with a 2D detector array. The array comprises 19 CsI:Tl comparison is shown for a scintillator with a thickness photodiodes with a diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 25 mm. of 15 mm [1]. In Table 1 the simulation results for scintillators with The CsI:Tl scintillator has a reasonable energy a thickneses from 5 to 28 mm are presented showing resolution and high photon detection efficiency. that the optimal scintillator thickness is around 25 mm However, due to the comparatively long scintillation for the FoM defined above. decay time, around 1000 ns, spectrometry with MHz count rates is not feasible. Since heavy scintillators, like 3 LaBr3:Ce with Zeff=45 with, a density of 5.06 g/cm and a decay time around 20 ns, are now available for gamma-ray diagnostics, the possibility of replacing CsI:Tl crystals by the LaBr3:Ce is being considered. To find the geometrical dimensions for the LaBr3 scintillator which are optimal for measurements in the energy range 1-6 MeV, Monte Carlo simulations were performed with the Geant4 code [2]. A fixed diameter of the LaBr3 detector equal to 20 mm and an energy resolution of 4% were assumed in the simulations. 106 parallel gammas with an energy of 4.4 and 6.0 MeV were incident on the scintillator surface. The 4.4 MeV gamma line is emitted in the reaction
whereas gammas with an energy of 6.13 MeV are observed in the reaction induced by neutrons on oxygen, ie.
In Fig. 1 the simulated gamma-ray spectra for the Fig. 1. Monte Carlo simulated gamma-ray spectra for a LaBr3 LaBr3 scintillator with a thickness equal to 5 and 25 mm scintillator obtained for 4.4 MeV gamma rays incident on a for 4.4 MeV gammas are shown. The positions of the crystal with a thickness of 5 mm (upper) and 25 mm (lower). full energy peak (FEP), single escape peak (SEP) and double escape peak (DEP) are indicated by arrows.
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Fig. 2. Gamma spectra obtained for a LaBr3 scintillator with a thickness of 5 (left) and 25 (right) mm irradiated by gammas with energies of 4.4 (upper) and 6.0 MeV (lower).
Table 1. Simulation results to find the optimal scintillator thickness for a LaBr3 scintillator
Scintillator Intensity in Intensity in FoM Reference thickness DEP DEP [1] V.G. Kiptily et al., Nucl. Fusion 42 (2002) 999 (mm) for 4.4 MeV for 6.0 MeV [2] http://geant4.cern.ch 5 16182 5719 2.83 8 28028 9293 3.02 11 39531 12578 3.14 14 49717 15698 3.17 17 59949 18797 3.19 20 69066 21447 3.22 23 78863 23745 3.32 24 80963 24977 3.24 25 84035 25618 3.28 26 87278 26218 3.33 28 92326 27747 3.33
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*) The InterlaCed Energy CArgo ScaNnIng System (CANIS) A. Chłopik, W. Dziewiecki, A. Godziszewski, M. Gosk, E. Jankowski, P. Kraszewski, M. Matusiak, M. Terka, D. Wolski, M. Wójtowicz, S. Wronka, A. Zając National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The InterlaCed Energy CArgo ScaNnIng System by image processing to facilitate the recognition of (CANIS) is intended to inspect cargo containers using goods (set of filters, material colouring, rotations etc.). the high energy X-ray radiography method. It consists In addition, it allows for storing the data and pictures. of two main components an interlaced energy A new compressed data format was developed for (4MeV/6MeV) linear accelerator and detection system archival purposes to make files as small as possible, also with dedicated software. The container is transported database was built for fast and effective image between the accelerator and detector, while the linac searching. Some examples of images delivered by the emits alternately high and low energy pulses of CANIS system are presented in Fig. 2 and in Fig. 3. radiation. Attenuated X rays are collected in the detector, thus information about absorption can be sent to a PC computer and displayed line by line to form a radiographic image. Collected pictures can then be processed by sophisticated software (e.g. coloured or filtered) or archived for later manipulation. In 2013 the CANIS demonstrator was finished and successfully started-up. A view of the CANIS system mounted in the experimental hall is presented in Fig. 1.
LINAC DETECTORN NAC AC
Fig. 2. Picture obtained by the CANIS system. Smuggled gun clearly visible.
MOBILE PLATFORM
Fig. 1. View of the CANIS system. The electron linear accelerator is equipped with a standing wave accelerating structure, integrated tungsten target, 2.6MW magnetron, solid state modulator and a triode gun. Fast energy switching is assured based on a patent pending solution of pulse-to- pulse RF power attenuation. Beam optics is realized using a dedicated solenoid. A single tungsten collimator creates a fan beam at the accelerator exit. The detector device consists of 640 scintillator detectors, 5mm x 5mm each, i.e. every vertical line in the picture is created by 640 pixels. The digital values Fig. 3. Smuggled cigarettes visualized by the CANIS system. acquired by the detector device are transmitted to a PC using a USB 2.0 serial interface and dedicated protocol. *) This work was supported by EU Structural Funds, Projects No. The dedicated software displays radiographic POIG.01.01-14-012/08-00 pictures, allows the parameters of the data acquisition (e.g. gain of integrating amplifiers, integrating times, accelerator repetition frequency, etc.) to be set and helps
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SWAN – now even closer to demonstrating the opportunities offered by neutron activation analysis techniques* M. Gierlik, S. Borsuk, Z. Guzik, J. Iwanowska, Ł. Kaźmierczak, T. Kaźmierczak, S. Korolczuk, T. Kozłowski, T. Krakowski , Ł. Świderski, M. Szeptycka. National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
December 2013 marks the end of the Accelerators Analyzed materials are rated by measuring and & Detectors project. SWAN, the neutron activation calculating their oxygen and nitrogen to carbon ratio. analysis demonstrator has passed a series of tests aimed Fig. 2 show not only the relative position of different at revealing its performance parameters. Significant materials in the 2D, N, C, O ratios phase space, but also effort was devoted to comparative tests between statistical discrepancies yielded by multiple analogue and digital acquisition electronics. Lack of measurements of four different material simulator space prevents even a rough presentation of this topic. samples. The details, that are also an important contribution to Tomasz Krakowski`s PhD thesis, have been presented in the official AiD project reports. The project goal was focused primarily on explosives detection. The experts questioned were mainly interested in the maximum distance and the threshold amounts of detected material. We thus decided to test the sensitivity of SWAN is response to some predefined samples of explosives simulators. Fig. 1 presents the SWAN sensitivity, approximated by 2 a χ test, as a function of distance between the 5 kg sample and the front of the detector. Fig. 2. Statistical measurement distributions for 4 different material samples; explosives (TNT and RDX), cotton (COT), and heroin (HER). The results visible in Fig. 2 can be directly recalculated to the device identification efficiencies, as can be seen in Tab. 1. This is because the identification algorithm in its current shape is very straightforward and based on straight lines drawn on the 2D phase space. Table 1. Identification algorithm efficiency coefficients Tested Positive False identification Fig. 1. Sensitivity, measured by a χ2 test, as a function of sample identification distance between the sample and the detector. TNT 97% FALSE NEGATIVE: It can be clearly seen that the identification abilities 3% - ambiguous id. break abruptly after the distance is greater than 25 cm. Even if the distance is smaller, but still greater than COT 92% FALSE POSITIVE: 10 cm, the results are not perfect and the identification 3% - ambiguous id. can be ambiguous. Other tests were aimed at 5% - wrong id. (TNT) determining the optimal measurement time for a 1 kg RDX 94% FALSE NEGATIVE sample and the minimum sample mass if measured at 6% - ambiguous id. a distance of 2.5 cm. If the measurement conditions are perfect, i.e. the sample distance from the detector is HER 100% FALSE NEGATIVE: - none - below 10 cm and its mass is not too low when compared to the container mass then even 2-3 minutes are enough Even if precise classification is not possible, the to detect 100 g and more of explosive material. material is usually correctly rated as ‘harmless’, ‘threat’ or ‘chemicals’. * This work was supported by EU Structural Funds, Project No. POIG.01.01-14-012/08-0
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A digital approach to radiation spectrometry – development of an acquisition system based on fast ADC and FPGA S. Korolczuk, J. Szewiński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Growing requirements for high resolution During the first measurements (Fig.3), the ADC spectrometry measurements at MHz event rates require input was connected directly to the photomultiplier development of new measurement methods. Traditional output, and all signal processing algorithms were spectrometry techniques, such as analogue pulse implemented in the FPGA. Major operations were the shaping using amplifiers and preamplifiers introduce following: a large dead time, which lmits the event rate. To achieve Baseline (offset) compensation the highest event rates, digital direct sampling of Pulse detection (triggering) spectroscopy pulses is required. Currently available Pulse energy estimation electronics technology provides the opportunity to Spectrum creation sample directly signals from photomultipliers with a bresolution which is accurate enough to extract the FPGA board required information from the measurement signals. All signal processing operations, such as baseline removal, P AD FPG
pulse detect, pile-up and ballistic deficit correction, etc. PCIe may be done digitally using efficient Digital Signal Processing (DSP) devices such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). Our prototype digital acquisition PC computer system was based on commercial products: FPGA evaluation board ML605 (Fig. 1) and fast analogue to CPU digital converter ADC board (14-bit, 400 MSPS), see Fig.2. Operator
Fig. 3. Block diagram of the measurement system. A measured energy spectrum of ceasium using a LaBr3 scintillator and XP5500 photomultiplier is shown in figure 4.
Fig. 1. FPGA evaluation board.
Fig. 4. Measured energy spectrum.
Fig. 2. Fast analogue to digital converter mezzanine card (ADC FMC) board.
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On some relations between characteristic voltages of the conventional avalanche counters spectrometric mode at moderate specific ionization J. Sernicki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland Avalanche counters have been recognized as physical experiments in which the detectors are used [4] excellent timing detectors for years [1]. Moreover, – the mutual characteristic voltages variability. conventional counters, i.e. parallel-plate avalanche It has been found [3] that the empirical curves of PPAC counters (PPAC), have good properties as elementary energy resolution have some plateau range that extends detecting devices [2]. However at present there are with the increase in both n-heptane vapour pressure and generally insufficient data available on the interelectrode gap. This plateau range falls within that spectrometric properties of avalanche counters. section of the gas gain curve which has a strictly linear Therefore, investigation of the spectrometric properties course in a semilogarithmic coordinate system. of avalanche counters is interesting also from a cognitive point of view. It should be fully realized, The characteristic voltages which mark out the range however, that the counter’s spectrometric properties of the M-characteristic linear variability and the ER- depend upon not only the statistical fluctuations of the plateau range of the PPAC at different values of both charge generated in the interelectrode space, which are interelectrode gap (d) and n-heptane vapour pressure (p) affected by the basic ionization processes, but also upon were analyzed. The empirical curves of the detector additional factors [3]. voltage relations are shown in figs. 2‒5. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the The elongation of the ER plateau with the rise of relations between the characteristic voltages of the p and d [3] results in the end of the plateau approaching PPAC gas gain (M) characteristic and the empirical the Usch-voltage. As shown in the plots, generally, energy resolution (ER) curve at moderate specific a PPAC having d=0.3 cm is characterized by the best ionization (fig. 1), regarding also the detector supply voltage properties. voltages, viz.: M-characteristic beginning voltage (U0) and maximum voltage (Umax), just below the detector breakdown voltage. Therefore, it is interesting – from a practical point of view – to meet – at conventional electronic instrumentation and under measurement conditions being generally typical for the majority of
Fig. 2. Ratios of the range of voltages corresponding to the maximum applicable course of the PPAC gas gain (M) characteristic to the range of voltages corresponding to the M characteristic total course; (∆U) =Umax−Umin , where the Umax voltage see text, Umin is the lower bound of voltages of M the detector applicable range, (∆U) max=Umax−U0 , where the U0 voltage see text.
Fig. 1. Mean effective energy E of alpha particles and the corresponding particle energy loss in the PPAC interelectrode gas space, determined for actual measurement conditions. The Fig. 3. Differences of the PPAC supply voltages; the Ul plots apply to those alpha particles which follow paths voltage relates to the lower end of the detector energy resolution (ER) plateau range, and the U voltage see fig. 2. perpendicular to the counter electrodes. min
Detectors, Accelerators, Physics of Materials & Applications 205
Fig. 5. Differences of the PPAC supply voltages; the Umax and Fig. 4. Differences of the PPAC supply voltages; the Usch Usch voltages see text and fig. 4. voltage determines the beginning of the space charge effect in the PPAC, and the Uu voltage relates to the upper end of the References detector ER-plateau range. [1] J.Sernicki, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A251 (1986) 81. [2] J.Sernicki, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A263 (1988) 446. [3] J.Sernicki, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A572 (2007) 817. [4] J.Sernicki, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A288 (1990) 555.
Strengthening of the innovation potential of the Materials Research Laboratory B. Zając, Ł. Kurpaska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
In order to improve the potential of the MRL in • studies of expansion joints in the graphite blocks of 2013 two new laboratories were organized: the MARIA reactor, The laboratory for non-destructive testing which • oxide layer thickness estimation of type MR- 66 and conducts research in the field of visual (VT) and CERCA fuel elements (implementation of eddy- penetration (PT) techniques. Its studies are focused on current (ET) technique). testing welded joints with special relevance to the nuclear industry. Recently, new apparatus for magnetic At the end of 2013 two new systems for nano- particle testing and a wide range of items enhancing its mechanical examination, “NanoTest Ventage” capabilities have been purchased. In the near future, the manufactured by Micro Materials Ltd. were installed in non-destructive testing laboratory is planning to buy the Materials Research Laboratory. Installation of this equipment covering ultrasonic, eddy current and unique equipment allows the study of mechanical radiographic techniques. The personnel of the non- properties of materials with unprecedented accuracy. destructive laboratory is highly qualified: 1, 2 and The purchased system is based on the indentation 3 degree of qualification for visual (VT), penetration technique. The method was introduced in 1992 for (PT) and magnetic-powder (MP) techniques issued by measuring hardness and elastic modulus and has been UDT-CERT and the Welding Institute in accordance to widely adopted and used in the characterization of small PN-EN ISO 9712:2012 norm, 2 degree of qualification scale mechanical behaviour. in eddy-current (ET) techniques issued by TUV The system is characterized by the following Rheinland. Up to the present time, research performed features: by the non-destructive laboratory covers the following studies: • Excellent low load data measurements • Targeted area and multiple indentation modes • visual evaluation of depth scratches in fuel elements • Indentation mapping (implementation of GLX3 videoscope equipped with • High level of automation which enables the newest 3D measurement system), performance of prolonged and unsupervised tests • examination of test segments of pipe joints • Space to mount small or large samples or even real (implementation of visual (VT) and penetration (PT) components • Non-destructive testing techniques), • Completing ISO 14577 and ASTM 2546 standards. • examination of welded joints (exploration of leakage which cause leaks – VT and PT techniques),
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The purchased system works under a wide load range. Nano loading and micro loading heads allow forces of 10 µ to 20 N to be applied. The system has been equipped with a high temperature chamber. This allows the testing of samples at temperatures up to 750 °C under a controlled atmosphere. Moreover, the machine is installed in a liquid facility cell. This feature allows the testing of a sample fully immersed in a fluid without the buoyancy problems associated with a vertical loaded indentation. Load/partial-unload techniques enable a complete profile of the variation of hardness and modulus with depth to be built. Coupled The mechanical properties that can be delivered by with an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) system the the NanoTest Ventage system: Hardness, elastic precise selection of the location of the indentsis modulus, adhesion, creep, stress-strain curves, wear possible, therefore studies of the mechanical properties resistance, toughness, viscoelastic properties, impact of polycrystalline materials separately within the grains resistance. and in the close vicinity of grain boundaries become possible.
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SOLID STATE PHYSICS
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Solid State Physics 209
Inelastic neutron scattering investigation of magnetic excitations in quenched and decomposed Mn0.75Cu0.25 alloy J. Jankowska-Kisielińska, K. Świderska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The influence of spinodal decomposition on the spin Data analysis was performed assuming aneutron wave characteristics of the Mn0.75 Cu0.25 alloy was scattering cross-section on SW of the form: studied [1] with inelastic neutron scattering. Three samples of Mn0.75 Cu0.25 alloy were homogenized by annealing at ~1100K and subsequent quenching. Then two of them were annealed at 720K. The annealing is known to induce the spinodal phase decomposition of (1) Mn-Cu alloys (during which regions of two different where the energy broadening was assumed to depend compositions are formed). One of the decomposed linearly on the SW wave vector: samples was subsequently plastically deformed along 3 axes of the [001] and [110] type. Atomic and (q) q magnetic ordering of two phases of the decomposed 0 1 sample were studied earlier [2]. Measurements of (2). inelastic neutron scattering on thespin waves (SW) were The spin wave dispersion relation for an performed on the quenched and annealed samples at antiferromagnetic with anisotropic interaction has for a a few temperatures. small wave-vector the simple form: E 2 (q) E 2 (v q)2 g (3),
Fig. 1. Spin wave energy gap (a) and velocity (b) presented versus temperature reduced to the Néel temperature TN for 3 samples: quenched (red symbols), annealed (green symbols) and annealed after plastic deformations (blue symbols).
We found that the spin wave velocity and energy gap SW velocity for the quenched sample is lower than obtained at reduced temperature T/TN ≈ 0.65 are after observed in any other manganese-3d alloy. The decomposition about twice as high as for the quenched lowering of SW velocity with quenching is not likely to sample. These values are close to the results published be due to the enhanced scattering of the SW on for the Mn0.9Cu0.1 alloy. This fact confirms that after impurities, since the energy broadening is not larger decomposition spin waves are present in the sample than for most other investigated manganese alloys. regions of Cu concentration close to 0.1 of atomic content. It seems to be well established that after References spinodal decomposition spin waves are observed only in [1] J. Jankowska-Kisielińska, K. Świderska, Acta Phys. the regions of increased Mn concentration and are not Polonica A 124, 990 (2013) influenced by the presence of high Cu concentration [2] J. Jankowska-Kisielińska, K. Świderska, and K. Mikke, Acta Phys. Polonica 117, 333 (2010) regions, at least for long wavelengths. The most interesting result of the present investigation is that the
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Efficient one-pot synthesis of ad functionalized tetrahydropyridine in the presence of [1,1’-binaphthalene]-2,2’-diol/indium(III) chloride (binol/InCl3) or simple brőnsted acids as catalysts A. A. Kończyk1, J. Szawkało1, J. K. Maurin2, Z. Czarnocki1 1Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw, Poland 2National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The multicomponent coupling of aromatic aldehydes, anilines, and b-keto esters gained recently special attention due to the ability to apply it in combinatorial chemistry and solid phase or flow syntheses [1]. This useful reaction was found to be substantially accelerated by various catalysts. Recently, the use of tetrabutylammonium tribromide ((Bu4N)Br3) [2], InCl3 [3], l-proline/CF3COOH [1], thiourea dioxide [4], PEG-embedded KBr3, hydrated ZrOCl2 [5], and cerric ammonium nitrate (CAS) [5], and even elemental iodine [8] has been reported. We turned our attention to the use of indium(III) chloride as the catalyst due to its ability to form complexes in which the structure of ligands may regulate the properties of the catalyst. Initially, we concentrated on the reaction of ethyl acetoacetate 1 with 4-methoxyaniline 2 and benzaldehyde 3 in the presence of InCl3 [3]. Tetrahy- dropiperidine 4 was obtained with a69% yield (Scheme Fig. 2. Conformation of the molecule 4. on Fig. 1). The structure of 4 was confirmed by an X-ray crystal-structure analysis (Fig. 2). The molecule Table 1. Selected torsion angles (°). is composed of the central tetrahydropyridine ring which adopts a boat conformation. Five substituents are C(6)-N(1)-C(2)-C(3) -24.16(16) attached to the ring. Ph-C(2) and Ph-C(6) are in trans- N(1)-C(2)-C(3)-C(4) 39.65(16) relation to each other. The conformation and geometry of the central boat-ring is defined by the geometrical C(2)-C(3)-C(4)-C(5) -2.06(17) parameters given in Table 1. The pyridine N-atom C(3)-C(4)-C(5)-C(6) -48.24(15) (N(1)) has analmost flat sp2 configuration, which is C(2)-N(1)-C(6)-C(5) -24.29(16) shown by the sum of the adjacent bond angles of C(4)-C(5)-C(6)-N(1) 60.73(14) 359.748. The slightly longer C(3)=C(4) bond length 1.371(2) - and a bit shorter C(3)-C(7) single Csp2-Csp2 C(4)-C(3)-C(7)-O(2) 7.5(2) bond length 1.437(2) - confirm the partial conjugation C(2)-C(3)-C(7)-O(3) 1.10(1) between the C=C bond and the ester CO group. An additional confirmation of the above assumption is the coplanarity of the C(4)-C(3)-C(2) and O(2)-C(7)-O(3) References part – see appropriate torsion angles in Table 1. [1] J. Zhu, H. Bienayme, Multicomponent Reactions, 1st ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2005 [2] A.Domling, I. Ugi, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2000, 39, 3168-3210 [3] I. Ugi, B. Werner, A. Dőmling, Molecules, 2003, 8, 53-66 [4] P. M. Dewick, Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach, 2nd ed.; Wiley: New York, 2002, pp 307–316 [5] M. Misra, S.K. Pandey, V.P. Pandey, J. Pandey, R. Tripathi, R.P. Tripathi, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2009, 17, 625 Fig. 1. Scheme of the reaction. [6] A. Kończyk, J. Szawkało, J.K. Maurin, Z. Czarnocki, Helvetica Chimica Acta, 2013, 96, 1348-1354. The results were published [6] and detailed [7] CCDC No. 861542 crystallographic data were deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre [7].
Solid State Physics 211
Drying of layers of particulate systems K. Cmiel1 J.J. Milczarek1, L. Bam2, I.M. Fijał – Kirejczyk1, Z. Jurkowski1, J. Żołądek1 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Radiation Science, Necsa, Pelindaba, Pretoria, South Africa
The drying process is typically divided into three drying of layers of particulate beds of corundum were main stages characterized by different rates of mass performed with digital neutron radiography. The decrease of the drying medium [1]. During the first experiments were carried out at the neutron radiography period of drying (constant rate period – CRP), the rate station located at the MARIA research nuclear reactor of water loss is approximately constant and the spatial of NCBJ. distribution of the water content declines uniformly The statistical approach to the neutron radiographs was within the entire volume of the sample. In the following applied in order to quantify the features of the drying two periods (falling rate periods – FRP) a gradual process [3-6]. In particular the variation of the standard decrease of the rate of water loss is found and deviation (std) of the brightness was analyzed. The a discernible drying front moving from the open sample presence of two maxima in plots of standard deviation surfaces develops. vs time was found for the fine grained medium whereas The aim of this work [2] was to find the main only one maximum with an extended wing for advanced features of the drying of wet particulate material of times was found in the coarse grained material. The first different grain sizes. Electro-corundum (99% Al2O3) of sharp maximum is attributed to an increase of two different granulations was used. The coarse grain diversification of brightness due to intensive drying of corundum (denoted F20) consisted of grains of the inner regions of the sample. The second maximum is 1 – 1.11 mm, and the size of the grains of the fine grain a signature of the drying front travelling across the material (denoted F220) was 53 – 75 μm. Our studies of sample from the open top surface.
390 s 1375 s 2680 s
5244 s 6059 s 9061 s Fig. 1. Sample images during drying of the corundum F20 sample.
In order to quantify the kinetics of drying at various increases with segment depth for corundum of larger parts of the sample the average brightness and its grains whereas it decreases for the small grain sample. standard deviation was calculated for horizontal This indicates that the drying of the first one starts from segments at various distances from the open upper the outer surface whereas it develops from the inside in sample surface. The time dependence of the standard case of the latter. However, the second maximum time deviation is very characteristic since at least two position increases with segment depth for both samples profound maxima are easily visible in the plots of std vs confirming that it is due to the drying front moving from t. The feature is independent of the grain size and is the top surface. similar to that found for the standard deviation of the whole sample. The time position of the first maximum
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References [4] I.M. Fijał-Kirejczyk, J.J. Milczarek, J. Żołądek-Nowak, [1] J. van Brakel, Mass transfer in convective drying, in: F.C. de Beer, M.J. Radebe, G. Nothnagel, Acta Physica A.S. Mujumdar (Ed.), Advances in Drying, Hemisphere, Polonica A 122, 410 (2012) New York, 1980, pp. 217–267 [5] I.M. Fijał-Kirejczyk, J.J. Milczarek, F.C. de Beer, M.J. [2] K. Cmiel, J.J. Milczarek, L.C. Bam, I.M. Fijał- Radebe, G. Nothnagel, J. Żołądek-Nowak, Nukleonika Kirejczyk, Z. Jurkowski, J. Żołądek, Acta Physica 57, 529 (2012) Polonica A 124, 1029 (2013) [6] I.M. Fijał-Kirejczyk, J.J. Milczarek, M.J. Radebe, F.C. [3] I.M. Fijał-Kirejczyk, J.J. Milczarek, J. Żołądek-Nowak, de Beer, G. Nothnagel, J. Żołądek-Nowak, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 651, 201 (2011) Drying Technology 31, 872 (2013)
An influence of cobalt impurities distribution on electronic and magnetic properties of Cr3Si A. Go1, M. Pylak2, L. Dobrzyński2 1Faculty of Physics, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland 2National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The electronic and magnetic structure of Cr3Si doped with Co atoms is studied theoretically. The Co- Co distance as well as the influence of nearest neigh bors are discussed. Two concentrations of Co impurity were taken into account: x=0.0625 and x=0.125. According to the total energy calculations Co atoms doping Cr3Si exhibit a tendency to form dimers. The total energy increases with increasing distance between the cobalt atoms which could indicate a tendency to clustering. However, based on our total energy calculations, an unambiguous determination of the magnetic structure at small Co concentration (x = 0.0625) is not possible. The main carrier of magnetism in the alloys is cobalt but its magnetic moment is not higher than 1.0 μB. The magnetic moment of Co is shown to depend not only on the Fig. 1. Nearest neighborhood of cobalt impurity in Co-Co distance, but also on the atomic configuration of Cr2.9375Co0.0625Si alloy. its nearest neighborhood. The values of the magnetic moments obtained in the case of small Co-Co distances Reference are in agreement with experimental reports about [1] P.Zaleski, K.Szymański, J.Przewoźnik, K. Rećko, ferromagnetism in this alloy, where dimerization S.Cottrell, L.Dobrzyński, J. Alloys Compd., 49:5, 2010 probably occurs. On the other hand, an experiment carried out on Cr3-xCoxSi with x=0.2 [1] showed that an annealed sample, at least above 10 K, is a Pauli paramagnet in sharp contrast with our expectation. Therefore, as explained earlier, we suspect that the sample used could have had some sort of disorder or possibly a slightly different stoichiometry.
Solid State Physics 213
Analysis of momentum and spin density distributions in gadolinium by means of ab-initio calculations and the maximum entropy method M. Pylak National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The main properties of the electronic and magnetic connected with the different spins and does not lead to structure of gadolinium crystals were studied on the the spin density wave or non-collinear magnetism. basic of information which is included in the real space Magnetic polarization of electrons in the interstitial spin density distribution and the reciprosal space region turned out to be positive in contrast with the momentum density distribution. These two distributions interpretation of the experiment by Moon et al. [4] but together bear complete information about the system in agreement with the results of Compton scattering [5] and allow theoretical results to be compared with and positron annihilation [3]. experimental ones, obtained with different techniques. In the neutron magnetic form-factor analysis, As in nearly all other rare-earth metals, gadolinium special attention was paid to the presence of the crystallizes in a hexagonal close-packed structure. negative polarization of the conduction electrons. Thus, However, in contrast to most of them, it is the 3-dimensional spin density was reconstructed. In the ferromagnetic. light of the experimental data, such a reconstruction was To reconstruct the momentum density distribution impossible within the Fourier analysis used in [4]. (for electron-positron pairs), measured as line integrals Presence of negative magnetization in the interstitial (2D ACAR data), an algorithm based on the Maximum regions, claimed in the cited paper, was confirmed. Entropy Method was created. The results obtained were However, it was shown that it appears very locally and carefully compared with the tomographic Cormack's is determined only by the first experimental points method. For the reconstruction of the spin density whose accuracy may be lower than claimed by the distribution from neutron diffraction data the more bauthors [4]. Therefore, one can hardly accept it as advanced two-channel approach of the Maximum evidence of conduction electron polarization. It was also Entropy Method was used. shown that the theoretically obtained magnetization distribution explains the experimental data well. The role of magnetization of 5d electrons was shown to be important for a full interpretation of the neutron results. In the course of these studies, it was also shown that the negative polarization of 5s and 5p electrons could be measured if high-resolution studies of the magnetic Compton scattering were carried out. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy was calculated and turned out to be of the order of 60 eV. Its maximum is reached for a magnetic moment lying in the basal plane. The minimum value was obtained for an angle θ = 0 (parallel to the c-axis). The calculations have shown
that deviations of magnetic moment from the c-axis lead Fig. 1. 3-dimensional scheme of Fermi surface elements of to very small energy differences and the results are very gadolinium. Different colors represent different bands sensitive to the method of calculation. crossing the Fermi level. References [1] R. Ahuja, S. Auluck, B. Johansson, and M. S. S. Brooks. Ab-initio calculations reveal the presence of Phys. Rev. B, 50:5147 1994. a spherically symmetric spin density connected with [2] K.M. Döbrich, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg, and a localized 4f magnetic moment and a crucial G. Kaindl. Phys. Rev. B, 81:012401, 2010. contribution from the valence electrons. The Fermi [3] C. Hohenemser, J.M. Weingart, and S. Berko. Physics surface topology obtained is consistent with the Letters A, 28(1):41, 1968. photoemission spectra of Döbrich et al. [2] but is a little [4] R.M. Moon, W.C. Koehler, J.W. Cable, and H.R. Child. Phys. Rev. B, 5:997, 1972. bit different from the previous calculations of [5] N. Sakai, Y. Tanaka, F. Itoh, H. Sakurai, H. Kawata, and Temmerman-Sterne [6] and Ahuja [1]. The positions of T. Iwazumi. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 60:1201, 1991. the 4f bands turned out to correspond with what is [6] W.M. Temmerman and P.A. Sterne. J. Phys-Condens. known from photoemission spectra. The Fermi surface Mat., 2:5529, 1990. shows a certain tendency to nesting, however this as not
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Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 215
NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY IN ENERGY GENERATION
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Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 217
Upgrading the cooling system of the MARIA reactor fuel channels E. Borek-Kruszewska, J. Piąstka National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The global Threat Reduction Initiative – GTRI, was pump units type 12A32-P7 and 3 auxiliary pump units a US initiative to develop a programme to reduce global of type 8A20-P made by Powen-Wafapomp SA. threats, consisting among others in financing Selection of the types of pumps was dictated by both the a programme of conversion of research reactors to low compatibility of operating parameters with the values enriched fuel (LEU). obtained from the analysis, as well as a small distance between the manufacturer and service of the pumps and Within the conversion programme the French the location of the reactor. This last factor is of company AREVA CERCA undertook to produce LEU primaryconcern for the security and availability of the fuel elements for the MARIA reactor. Two prototype reactor. LEU fuel elements of MC type, about 20% U-235, were supplied to the reactor core in 2009. Before starting the upgrade documents had to be prepared on the basis of which it was possible to obtain Measurements and calculations have shown that approval from the Nuclear Safety Department of NAEA LEU MC type fuel elements, compared with the to start modernization. previously used high enriched Russian MR type fuel elements, were characterized by: After accepting the dossier the NAEA issued President NAEA Decision No. P-PAA/140/1338/2013 • higher coefficient of hydraulic resistance by of 24 May 2013 approving the modernization. On this approximately 30%; basis it was possible to start the process of upgrading • reduced heat transfer surface by about 25%. the cooling circuit of the MARIA reactor fuel channels. These factors resulted in the need to increase the The specification of the work carried out during flow of coolant through the fuel channels in the primary modernization is as follows: 3 circuit of the reactor from 25 m /h, used for the Russian - dismantling of existing main pumps and pipelines 3 elements, to 30 m /h. The existing MARIA reactor main with fittings, Fig.1; pump cooling system has enabled the parameters - modernization of the foundations of the main necessary to test two prototype fuel elements, but did not provide the possibility of a full of conversion of the pumps, as documented; core, i.e, conversion of all fuel elements to LEU - laying foundations of auxiliary pumps; elements which can be up to 25. - assembly of main pumps, pipelines with fittings and It was decided to exchange the existing main pumps fixings, Fig.2; for new ones appropriate for the safe operation of the - assembly of auxiliary pumps, pipelines with fittings MARIA reactor, based on LEU fuel elements. and fixings, Fig.3; The MARIA reactor conversion programm for LEU - assembly of electrical, instrumentation and control fuel, taking into account the necessary modifications of system; the technological systems of the reactor was supported - commissioning, functional tests and run test substantively and financially by the United States (pressure test, 72 hours continuous run). government, represented by the Department of Energy and Argonne National Laboratory. The correctness of the modernization process was controlled in three stages: Upgrading the cooling system of the MARIA 1. production of pump units at the factory, reactor fuel channels relies on replacing the four two- speed pumps of the main cooling circuit by four new 2. supply of fittings, equipment and materials, single-speed pumps and installing three new auxiliary 3. carrying out of work on site. pumps with fittings, instrumentation and control system. Replacing the main pumps requires the preparation of an appropriate project to modernize the reactor cooling system, determining both the characteristics of the new pumps, as well as the necessary modifications of pipelines, construction parts, power supply systems, control systems and measurement and control equipment. Developing the project of upgrading the cooling system was commissioned through a tender to a specialized design firm. Analysis and calculations carried out by the designer resulted in using 4 main Fig. 1. Chipping the foundations of the main pumps.
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Modernization was carried out during the two month MARIA reactor repair in July-August 2013. A view of the reactor pumping station after moderniza-tion is presented in Fig.4. Upon completion of the upgrading of the cooling sys-tem and the positive result all trials as-built and quality documentation was prepared by the Contractor. This documentation, the positive results of all tests and inspections of the Department of Nuclear Safety in the reactor MARIA facility, was the basis for approval by the NAEA President to operate the MARIA reactor for the first three consecutive cycles. After that time Appendix No 2013/2 to the MARIA Reactor Operating Safety Report was prepared and reactor operation was approved by the NAEA President. It is now possible to implement the full conversion of the MARIA reactor core to LEU fuel.
Fig. 3. Auxiliary pump, pipelines with fittings.
Fig. 2. Discharge line of the main pumps after assembly.
Fig. 4. A view of the reactor pumping station after modernization.
Reference [1] E. Borek-Kruszewska, J.Piąstka, A. Małkiwicz, Upgrading the cooling system of the MARIA reactor fuel channels, Report No. B - 35/2013
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 219
A new simple calorimeter for nuclear heating measurements M. Tarchalski1, K Pytel1, J. Jagielski1,2, A. Luks3, P. Prusiński1, T. Kwiatkowski1, A. Małkiewicz1, A. Zawadka1 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Institute of Electronic materials Technolgy, Warsaw, Poland 3Warsaw University of Technology, The faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Poland
Nuclear heating measurements are crucial for problem with displacement of the system, it has better Material Testing Reactors (MTR). In the case where accuracy than a gamma thermometer and there are wide measurements are physically not feasible, like for some possibilities of measurement conditions due to many locations of the Jules-Horowitz Reactor (JHR), or for possibilities of construction. Analytical and parametrical best estimate evaluations, one needs to created Gamma studies were aimed to define the out key features of the Heating Model (GHM). This model will make possible calorimeter. The proposed design of a simple to calculation of the gamma heating under evolution by calorimeter is shown schematically in Fig. 1. using standard computational models with a simple The calorimeter consists of a sample (core) approach. But before such calculations could be enclosed inside the housing (cell), cooled by external acknowledged as a valuable result a verification and water flow. The temperature profile within the validation process of the GHM must be performed. calorimeter provides information on the heat generation The last gamma heating measurement and rate in the sample material. calculations for the MARIA reactor were made in late ’90 and there is a need to bring them up-to-date. There is also the expectation to obtain more accurate experimental results thanks to better characterization of the MARIA reactor and more advanced instrumentation than that used previously. From that time the MARIA reactor has no experimental instrumentation for gamma heating measurements. Great efforts have been done in gamma heating experimental studies by the last CARMEN experiment which is part of the “Instrumentation for Nuclear radiations and Calorimetry Online in Reactor” research programme called IN-CORE and was carried out at OSIRIS - the French materials testing reactor of the Fig. 1. Schematic view of MARIA calorimeter construction. Commissariat a l’energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA) and Aix-Marseille Université One of the most important issues determining (AMU) [1]. We base on this experiment out experience construc-tion of the calorimeter was the calibration and knowledge of the state of the art in gamma heating method. The proposed solution allows calibration of the measurements and try to simplify calorimeter calorimeter outside the reactor core. construction by creating a new one with new calibration The temperature radial profile within the methodology. calorimeter, shown in Fig. 2, is almost perfectly This work is part of a larger research project, named homogeneous inside the sample body, being a good heat GAMMA MAJOR and realized in collaboration with conductor (graphite). the CEA and AMU, which is devoted to the development of GHM for the JHR and MARIA reactors. Nuclear gamma heating as a result of the gamma flux can be measured in the reactor core by means of various sensors, e.g. differential and adiabatic calorimeters, gamma thermometers, self-powered gamma detectors, etc. There are two main types of sensors used for heating derived from gamma radiation which are gamma thermometers and differential calorimeters [1,2,3]. In the MARIA reactor it seems that for gamma heating measurements the gamma differential calorimeter would be more adequate as there is no Fig. 2. Temperature profile inside the simple calorimeter.
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This has been confirmed by CFD (ANSYS changing of cooling conditions the calorimeter FLUENT) calculations (Fig.3). The temperature temperature response is: difference between centre and edge of the core is lower than 0.5 K. The value of the time constant can be measured in the out of reactor calibration procedure. There are two steps in the calibration procedure: • heating of the calorimeter in a furnace to 150°C until the temperatures are stabilized, • cooling the calorimeter in awater loop with controlled flow and water temperature. The temperature decrease (2) is recorded allowing determination of the time constant ĸ . For the purpose of such a calibration a special measuring stand has been designed and manufactured (see Fig. 4).
Fig. 3. Calorimeter sample temperature profile simulation by means of the ANSYS FLUENT code.
Even more important is that the homogeneity of the temperature profile is maintained during transients, which has also been confirmed by CFD simulations of un-steady states. This feature is crucial for calibration of the calorimeter. Fig.4. Calorimeter calibration stand.
The temperature field in the calorimeter, expressed A simple calorimeter has been designed after as the difference between the temperature of a given careful study and optimization. Numerical simulations point of the sample and the temperature of the fluid of steady states and transients confirmed its suitability (assumed constant) is governed by the heat generation for the purpose of in-core measurements and an out- density and appropriate initial and boundary conditions. core calibration procedure. If experiments in the In steady state conditions the temperature measured MARIA reactor confirm our expectations, the inside the core is proportional to the heat density: calorimeter construction may remain very simple, cheap and effective. If the experiment does not confirm our where are respectively density and specific heat of the predictions, the model of the calorimeter will have to be core material (both parameters available from physical much more complicated as it is in the CARMEN type tables or direct measurements). calorimeter.
The temperature difference is measured by means References of two thermocouples and Eq. (1) is used as the basis of [1] D. Fourmentel, C. Reynard-Carette, A. Lyoussi, measurements of heat generation. J.F. Villard, J.Y. Malo, M. Carette, J. Brun, P. Guimbal, Y. Zerega, “Nuclear Heating Measurements in Material The coefficient of temperature inhomogeneity, de- Testing Reactor: a Comparison Between a Differentail fined as the ratio of the core average to measured Calorimeter And a Gamma Thermometer”, Nuclear tempera-ture: Science, IEEE Transactions on (Volume:60 , Issue: 1), Feb. 2013 [2] D.A. Herbst, J.H. Talboy, “A steady-state differen-tial does not differ significantly from 1.0 (typically well calorimeter used to measure gamma heating in a reactor below 1%) due to the high homogeneity of the environment”, Argonne National Laboratory. Reactor Operations Division, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission temperature inside the core. Argonne National Laboratory, 1966 Another parameter is the time constant, specific for [3] C. Nycz, P. Pańta, K. Pytel, A. Strupczewski, „The- a given calorimeter which has to be determined oretical and Experimental Evaluation of Gamma Heat Generation Distribution in Ewa-10 Reactor”, Instytut experimentally. One can prove that in transients Badań Jądrowych, Warszawa, 1971, INR Report No. resulting from sudden shut-off of the heating or 1347/XI/R
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 221
CFD study of the gamma heating calorimeter T. Kwiatkowski, P. Prusiński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
One of the most important reactor characteristics appropriate materials and determination of the that has to be determined for Materials Testing Reactors temperature profiles - either for the warming/heating up is the gamma heating trend for different in-core loca- and cooling process of the calorimeter. tions. The best choice would be to measure it directly, According to [1], the most crucial thing in the however this is not always technically possible. Since experi-ment is the choice of proper sample material. In the gamma heating measurement and calculations for order to easily assess the power accumulated in the the MARIA reactor must be carried out, scientists from sample basied on just one temperature provided by the the Research Reactor Technology Division (EJ3) centre-line thermocouple, one has to assume uniform developed a Gamma Heating Model (GHM) that power and so uniform temperature in whole sample. involves the use of a differential calorimeter as the most This, in turn, implies a flat radial temperature profile in suitable gamma heating measurement technique in the the sample and also its conductivity has to be far greater MARIA reactor core. than that of the surrounding gas. In general, the differential calorimeter is nothing Figure 2. presents the radial temperature profile more than a cylindrical thin-walled cell (or can) across the calorimeter and the cooling channel. It is easy encapsulating a rod or cylindrical pellet attached to the to recognize the flat profile of the temperature in the cell via dedicat-ed holders and filled with a gas as solid materials, i.e. beryllium and aluminium due to shown in fig. 1. high thermal conductivity. One can confirm the preliminary assumptions that the organized state factors ψV and ψS are nearly equal to one. Hence, the material used as a sam-ple - here beryllium - suits the requirements.
Fig. 1. On the left - calorimeter assembly – project. Right – geometry adopted in ANSYS software.
In 2013 the CFD Analysis Group (EJ1) determined the steady state under normal operational conditions for the calorimeter with its inner pellet heated up just before the moment when the cooling begins. This step was important in order to verify the assumptions made in the GHM for the so-called organized state factors ψV and ψS broadly explained in [1]. However, the geometry used in this study was as simple as possible. When comparing this geometry to Fig. 2. Radial temperature profile of heat transfer inside of the the real model, there are three major differences. First of calorimeter model – CFD result. all, the model of the can created with the use of the ANSYS software does not have rounded edges. Reference Secondly, this model does not take into account two [1] M. Tarchalski et al., Principle of calibration of the thermocouples. The last fundamental difference is that simple calorimeter for nuclear heating measurements in the MARIA reactor and transposition to the case of the the model does not include a dedicated holder whereby JHR reactor the pellet will be attached to the can. These simplifications arise from the fact that it is the design stage of the entire project, aiming at the selection of the
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Thermodynamic properties of ceramic with defects caused by irradiation O. Dorosh National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Ceramics are an important subject for the nuclear industry as the main material for nuclear fuel. All of them undergo the effects of radiation damage whether during their life-time in a nuclear reactor, or in long term storage. Depending on their structure they show very different behaviours under irradiation. Their responses to irradiation vary from almost perfect resistance to complete amorphization, with possible phase transitions. Impressive progress in computers over the last decade makes possible simulations of ceramics by means of Molecular Dynamics. We used MD simulations to study the thermodynamical properties of MgO ceramic with different kinds of structure defects. The present calculation were made with the molecular dynamics Fig. 1. Structure of MgO with two dislocation cores. (MD) program LAMMPS created at Sandia National Laboratory [1]. We used two potentials proposed by Uberuaga[2] and Akamatsu[3]. Both potentials are composed of a Coulomb term with full charges for both oxygen and magnesium and a Buckingham term. We performed calculation for a MgO system consisting of 14 thousands atoms. Setting different pressures on the border of system we calculated the enthalpy by geometry optimization for different concentrations of Frankel and Schottky type defects. To get a system with dislocation we created a system with a gap in the structure and then ran the molecular dynamics simulation. After 10 picoseconds we got a stable in time structure with two dislocation cores. The structure with dislocations is presented in figure 1. For such a structure we also performed Fig. 2. Differences of enthalpy for systems with two dislo- calculation for different pressures on the border. In cation cores and systems with different concentrations of point figure 2 the difference in enthalpy for structure with defects. dislocation and different concentration of defects of Schottky type is presented. Plots present the difference References in enthalpy normalized by the number of atoms. The [1] http://lammps.sandia.gov/ plot in figure 2 shows that for some threshold [2] B. P. Uberuaga, R. Smith, A. R. Cleave, concentration the structure with dislocation is preferred G. Henkelman, R. W. Grimes, A. F. Voter, by energy over structures with point defects. K. E. Sickafus, Phys. Rev. B 71, (2005) 104102 [3] T. Akamatsu, K. Kawamur, Mol. Sim. Vol.21 issue 5-6, (1999) pp. 387-399
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 223
Comparision of the high energy neutron spectrum (>10MeV) using Yttrium threshold foils in U or Pb targets M. Bielewicz, S. Kilim, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The long-range goal of this project is to study the The beam geometry in the two irradiations was not capabilities of ADS systems with hard neutron spec- identical and in the case of the E+T irradiation the beam trum, for transmutation of radioactive nuclear wastes. was well off the target centre and the beam distribution Two experimental assemblies (“Energy plus Transmuta- had a large FWHM in both x and y directions (z being tion” (2006-2009) and Quinta” (2011-2013) were irradi- the target axis). This resulted in a large fraction of the ated by 1 to 6 GeV deuteron beams using the JINR inci-dent beam to hitting the U-rods in the blanket NUCLOTRON accelerator. The main difference similar to the case of the QUINTA irradiation. between the two experimental setups is the spallation target - lead or natural uranium. To calculate the high energy neutron field we need to know the microscopic cross section for the 89Y-(n,xn) reactions. We used the TALYS code [1] for cross section calculations. The solution of our three eqs. gave us the average neutron fluxes in the three energy ranges expressed in [n/cm2·s] [2]. When we take theoretical calculations of the neutron production rate in different target materials [3] we can see that the most popular lead target has about two times lower production than a natural uranium Fig. 1. The average neutron flux density per deuteron for two target. types of targets. Pink and blue lines: QUINTA experiments We had two different types of target (lead and ura- (uranium target) in December 2011 with lead shielding, radial nium) in our two rather similar experimental setups: position 8 cm. Black line: E+T experiment (lead target) in 2009, radial posi-tion 8,5 cm. Data from E+T start from the E+T and QUINTA. It may be possible to compare our first position because this model has one section less, but the experimental results obtained using these two setups. first section in the QUINTA assembly is without atarget. From the experiments carried out using the E+T and QUINTA assemblies we chose 3 of them with the same incident deuteron beam energy of 4 GeV. All results are normalized to 1 primary deuteron, 1 GeV beam energy, and 1 MeV energy region (the 3 different neutron energy ranges have different sizes). Since in the QUINTA experiments we had less detectors we compare the neutron flux for two radial positions only (about 4 and about 8 cm). Studying the results presented in [3] we expected that the average neutron flux in the QUINTA assembly should be about two times larger than from the E+T. Fig. 2. The average neutron flux density per deuteron. Pink For both radial distances 8 cm (Fig. 1) and 4 cm and blue lines: QUINTA experiments in 2011 (December with (Fig. 2) the ratios of the neutron fluxes in QUINTA and additional lead shielding), radial position 4 cm. Black and red lines: E+T experiments in 2009, radial position 3 and 6 cm. E+T are very similar, with differences of about 10-20%.
The difference between the two QUINTA experiments References (Mar 2011 and Dec 2011) presented in Figs. 1 and 2 is [1] A. Koning et al., M. C., Santa Fe, USA, AIP Conf. Proc. due to the presence of lead shielding around the Volume 769 (2005) 1154-9 assembly in the Dec 2011 irradiation and its absence in [2] M.Bielewicz et al., J. Korean Phys. Soc. Vol.59 No 2 the March 2011 run. p.2014, 2011 [3] S.R. Hashemi-Nezhad, et al., Annals of Nuc. Ener. 38/5 The experimental results do not show a significant (2011) 1144-115 difference in the fast neutron yield in the E+T and QUINTA setups when they were irradiated with 4 GeV deuterons. This may be explained as follows.
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Bonding Xenon and Krypton on the surface of a Uranium dioxide single crystal L. Dąbrowski, M. Szuta National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
We present density functional theory (DFT) located on the left side, i.e. with the atoms of the surface calculation results of xenon atom interaction with the and subsurface layers. It does not interact with the surface of a uranium dioxide single crystal. A pseudo- atoms located on the right side, and belonging to the potential approach in the generalized gradient next, periodically repeated, super-cell. The binding approximation (GGA) was applied using the ABINIT energy depends on the distance between the Xe – UO2 program package. Using the above-described ABINIT surface, and thus the shape and depth of the potential software package we received the potential well, in which the xenon atom is close to the surface as dependencies of two-particle interactions for Xe-O and hown in Figure 2. Xe-U, which are shown in Figure 1. As can be seen from the calculations, the largest bonding energy for Xe-O is 0.730 eV, and realized at the optimum distance 0,0 of 1.86 Å, and for Xe-U respectively - 0.309 eV at -0,1 a distance of 3.06 Å. For comparison, in the same way -0,2 we calculated the potentials for Ar-O and Ar-U, which -0,3 turned out to be equal to 0.138 eV and 0.081 eV. (3.18 -0,4 SO,a and 1.87 kcal/mol). The calculation results are also ] eV [ -0,5 shown in Figure 1. These latter results were also studied V(x) S ,b in detail in the context of multi-particle interactions of -0,6 O complex CUO-Ar. The energy of the interaction was -0,7 about 3.7 kcal / mol (0.16 eV) [22], which corresponds -0,8 to the values obtained by us for two-particle potentials. 1 2 3 4 5 6 x [ A ] However, the interaction of xenon, in comparison with argon is much stronger, in particular with oxygen (over Fig. 2. The bonding energy depending on x in the following configurations: 5-fold). This situation should favour bonding of xenon atoms to the surface of UO . It has been re-vealed that 2 The xenon atom interacts with the surface of close to the surface a potential well is formed for xenon uranium dioxide similarly to the case of Xe-O and Xe-U atom due to their interaction with the atoms of oxygen particles. As a result, a potential well of large depth is and uranium. 0,4 formed. 0,3 0,2 This potential well traps xenon atoms sufficiently to 0,1 Xe-U Ar-U create a condition for a bound state. It is, in addition as 0,0 was previously known, like trapping in bubbles and -0,1 Ar-O trapping due to irradiation induced chemical bonding in
-0,2 [ eV ] eV [ -0,3 the bulk of the fuel, an additional process for trapping
V(x) V(x) -0,4 fission gases by uranium dioxide fuel. -0,5 -0,6 Xe-O Conducive circumstance to such a phenomena is on -0,7 one hand a significant interaction energy of Xe-U and -0,8 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 Xe-O compounds. Interatomic distance [ A ] Fig. 1. Inter-atomic potential for Xe-O, Xe-O, Ar-O and Ar-U. Reference [1] L. Dąbrowski, M. Szuta. Nukleonika v58, n 4 (2013) pp For numerical calculations we chosen 25 atom 453-458 super-cell of dimensions 4a×a×a, and we a filled half of it with 8 uranium atoms and 16 oxygen atoms. The second half of the super-cell is a space free from oxy- gen and uranium atoms. Because the xenon atom is separated from the nearest oxygen or uranium atoms by a distance of nearly two lattice constants, we assume that the Xe interacts really only with U and O atoms,
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 225
Diffusion of Helium in perfect Uranium and Thorium dioxide single crystals L. Dąbrowski, M. Szuta National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
We present a quantum-mechanical evaluation of the helium diffusion coefficient in crystalline UO and 2 b ThO . Parameter assignments of Schrödinger’s equation 2 -10 1 were made using the crystal field potentials which were 2 3 obtained by applying density functional theory (DFT). c
Ab initio calculations were performed using the Wien2k -20 4
] -1 program package. For comparison, a pseudo-potential s 2 d a approach in the generalized gradient approximation was -30 also applied using the ABINIT program package. To ThO 2 compute the unit cell parameters a 13 atom super-cell cm [ Ln(D) -40 UO 2 was chosen. For the adiabatic approach we numerically determine the potential values of the crystal field in UO2 -50 and ThO2 along the direction of neighbour interstitial octahedral positions. The calculations took into account, 0,60 0,65 0,70 0,75 0,80 0,85 0,90 0,95 1,00 as described above, changes in the local deformation of 1000/T [ K-1 ] the lattice in position (x, x,½) and their impact on the Fig. 2. Temperature dependence of the helium diffusion coeffi- potential barrier height. At this structure the neighbour cient in ThO2 and UO2 within the Arrhenius range. THO2 and octahedral interstitial positions have, for instance, the UO2 curves – dependence obtained in this work, 1,2,3 - calculated according to the values of the potentials of other following crystal coordinates (0,0,½) and (½,½,½). By authors, a,b,c,d - experimental values of diffusion coefficients. x the current is denoted. He position (x,x,½) during displacement between the neighbour octahedral Helium atoms located in the octahedral interstitial interstitial positions is in the range from x=0 to x=¼. positions of a perfect fcc crystal lattice UO2 and ThO2 are submitted to strong repulsive forces from the sur-
UO2 4 rounding metal and oxygen atoms, which means that ThO 2 they are in a deep potential well of depth equal to 7.5 – 8 eV preventing them it from any movement in the 3 crystals even at very high temperatures reaching thousands of K. Thus the octahedral interstitial positions
2 in thorium dioxide, and even more in uranium dioxide, [ eV ] eV [ V are effective traps for helium atoms. The trapped helium 1 is immobilized there and may stay in the crystal for an arbitrarily long time. This is supported by old minerals, 0 where alpha decay occurs, such as thorianite or uraninite which hold quite a lot of helium during -0,2 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,4 1,6 hundreds of millions of years and which could exist in ax [ A ] a certain geological period where the temperature was Fig. 1. Crystal field potential V versus helium location (x,x, ½) very high. The α particles occurring during radioactive in the UO2 and ThO2 crystal lattice for the range from x=0 to x=0.25. decay have large enough energy to penetrate the crystal and to occupy the octahedral interstitial positions – the Applying the two site –model we evaluated the time for incorporation process into the crystals. an over-barrier jump and diffusion of interstitial He. The obtained valves for the diffusion coefficient are Reference shown in Figure 2 and are compared with the [1] L. Dąbrowski, M. Szuta, Nukleonika, v 58, n 2 (2013) pp 295-300 experimentally obtained values and with the theoretical values of other authors.
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Dynamic modelling of a Molten Salt Reactor using MS Excel 2010 S. Kilim National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
This work was inspired by [1]. Most of the nuclear temperature, T0 – reference fuel temperature, data are taken from there. The model is limited to the T2 – secondary loop temperature, Cp – fuel specific heat, primary loop. The fuel is a homogenous mixture of d – fuel specific mass, vr, vo – reactor and outer molten salts – fuel salts and coolant salts. volumes, vp – flow speed, keff – effective multiplication factor, Ef 200 MeV, j – j-th group precursor contribution to eff. Six precursor groups were taken into account. The second part of the model simulates isotopic changes solving bateman’s equations but for now both changes need some adjustment to work together. MS EXCEL 2010 with its VBA language was used for implementationof the model. The model solves the dynamics equations in a loop while handling a very simple control panel which provides fuel level control, control rod up and down, pump start-stop function and power load control. The power load is controlled by a secondary loop temperature T2 control. The basic Fig. 1. MSR primary loop model. reactor parameters are displayed in graphical form. The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) is modelled pointwise with some extensions and in one energy group approximation. The point model dynamics equations are:
j=1…..6
Fig. 2. Reactor power and temperature reaction on control rod, pump start-stop and power load changes. where
the reactivity components from reactor core, control rod, delayed neutrons and fuel temperature.
vp jVO 1 exp p j VR vp describes delayed neutron precursor nuclei loss because of pump action.
hOLv w p Fig. 3. Xe-135 and Sm-149changes as a function of reactor p V power change. R Online fuel processing simulation is yet to be done. describes heat loss in the heat exchanger. The remaining symbols are: P - reactor power, - neutron generation Reference [1] Computational Modeling of a Molten Salt Reactor; Gert life time, Cj – number of nuclei of j-th group delayed Jan Auwerda; TU Delft; May 28, 2007 neutron precursor, j – decay constants, T – fuel
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 227
Modification of UO2 grain Re-crystallization temperature as a function of burn-up as a base for vitanza experimental curve reconstruction M. Szuta, L, Dąbrowski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The critical temperature for the onset of the high crystallization all the existing gas in the UO2 crystal will temperature fission gas burst release is plotted against be released. incubation fuel burn-up. The diagram indicates that the The grain growth model of Ainscough et al. is burst release temperature becomes lower with generally considered to be the best available. It increasing burn-up. This was reported by Vitanza et al., incorporates the concept of a limiting grain size: who measured the fuel centre-line temperature of instrumented fuel rods in the Halden Reator. The dD 1 1 fractional fission gas release of the rods was above 1%. k [ m/ h] dt D Dm This observed phenomena can be explained by the as-sumption that the fission gas immobilization in the where k is a proportional constant, D – grain dia-meter uranium dioxide irradiated to a fluency of greater than [µm], Dm – limiting grain size [µm] at which grain 1018 fissions/ cm3 is mainly due to radiation induced growth ceases. chemical activity. It is well known [MacEwan and Hayashi] that the Our hypothesis is that some of the oxygen positions irradiation damage introduced by fission events has two in the uranium dioxide unit cell are occupied by xenon opposing effects on grain growth. The higher is the burn-up the quicker the process of grain growth – and and krypton. Particular chemical compositions, UO1.75 Xe and UO Kr , which are the most likely of the simultaneously inhibits grain growth by limiting the 0.25 1.75 0.25 grain size. different chemical compositions, were considered in order to check the feasibility of incorporating the xenon Assuming that the Vitanza curve describes the or krypton atoms into the oxygen lattice positions of the change of uranium dioxide re-crystallization UO2 single crystal (see Fig. 1 for Xe). temperature during irradiation we have modified the coefficients k and Dm as a function of burn-up in the way given by the best fit of the grain size change with the curve obtaining good agreement with the Vitanza curve (see Fig. 2).
Fig. 1. Unit cell of UO1.75Xe0.25. The uranium dioxide single unit cell with Xe atom which hasreplaced anoxygen atom.
Calculations of Xe and Kr bonding abilities in the single crystal of uranium dioxide using the “ab initio” method have shown that the bond energy in the case of Fig. 2. Comparison of the calculated dependence of the re- xenon is equal to –1.23 eV and –3.42 eV in the case of crystallization temperature on burn-up with the Vitanza curve. krypton. Since both energies are negative, such a chemical bond can exist as a stable one and it further Reference convinces us that fission gas atoms are immobilized in [1] M. Szuta; L. Dąbrowski; Paper presented on the Tenth the grains of the uranium dioxide fuel as well. International Conference on WWWR Fuel Per- formance, Modelling and Experimental Support, San- Destruction of the unit cells can occur due to the danski, Bulgaria, from 7 September to 14 September, process of grain growth – the process of re- 2013 crystallization. It is natural that during the process of re-
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CFD studies of abnormal operation of the Świerk Computing Centre (CIŚ) cooling system S. Kozioł, T. Kwiatkowski, P. A. Prusiński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Efficient cooling of large computer facilities is one of the main concerns nowadays. It is also a reason why the installation of a new computer cluster at CIŚ has been delayed. A bottleneck that can only be checked by means of CFD simulation is the so-called fluid divider and this part became the subject of thorough studies. The fluid divider, in general, could be described as a multi-inlet and multi-outlet cooling medium collector and it is used as a heat and mass exchanger (fig. 1.). It also connects the primary cooling circuit of a computer cluster (actually there are two redundant pipelines) with its external circuits, i.e. with chillers (huge fans) on the roof of the building.
Fig. 2. Non-uniform temperature distribution at the inlet of one of the chillers.
Fig. 1. Main stream of coolant in the fluid divider.
Fig. 3. Pathlines: Influence of chiller AGCH4/5 outlet and The problem investigated is that the automated pumps of primary circuit on chiller AGCH1 inlet. control system (ACS), which defines the rotational speed of the chillers, which is attached to thermocouples at the chiller inlets, does not follow actual parameters. The problem, however, lies not in the inertia time of Thus, it is not working efficiently. the ACS, but mostly in the unfortunate location of one of the chiller inlets that seemed to be too close to For this reason, five different operational modes another chiller outlet. The problem is even deeper, have been studied, i.e. with both or just one line of because if one extends the collector between chiller inlet primary circuit working or with different numbers of and out-let spaces by 1 m, it will not give significant chillers or simply with different mass flows at the inlets improve-ment. More important here is e.g. the ratio etc. between the number of primary circuit lines to the Finally, it appears (fig. 2. & fig. 3.) that the source number of chillers. Also, it was proven that it is far of the problem is fast temperature oscillations, even up better to use only one primary circuit line than two at to ±0.6°C/s (area-averaged value), at one of the chiller the same time to feed the system with the same amount inlets (CFD simulations results were collected in 1s of coolant not only to save energy consumption by periods). It is worth mentioned that the time resolution switching off one of the pumps, but also because one or inertia time of the ACS is 3 s. Theoretically, the stream has a lower tendency to avoid mixing in chillers. temperature could drop or rise nearly 2°C by this time, Further studies are under way, by means of flow while the range of operating temperatures is 12-18°C, so simulations of new geometry design concepts. quite narrow. As one can expect, the response of the ACS will never be adequate to the actual situation.
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 229
A neutron driven setup loaded with thorium fuel for incineration and transmutation A. Pacan3, B. Słowiński1,3 , M. Szuta1, A. Wojciechowski1,2 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Laboratory of Information Technology, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia 3Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
The problem of efficient and safe management of Very small radiotoxic isotope production while still radioactive waste (RW) mostly from nuclear power is of generating energy even in the case of thorium mixed fundamental importance because till now many with spent nuclear fuel waste. thousand tons of spent nuclear fuel from working Overall rare earth element production increases in nuclear plants have accumulated waiting for the the case of thorium based fuel compared to the development of a final scenario of adequate reference uranium fuel. reprocessing. So, more and more effort is currently being putinto the optimization of the RW recycling chiefly using existing experimental subcritical devices in order to investigate the possibility of RW incin- eration in parallel with long lived actinide transmutation and attainable heat production. In his work we modelled the time behaviour of the neutron multiplication factor (NMF) keff, 233U generation intensity and variation of transuranics and minor actinides for four different geometric configurations of the YALINA-Thermal Benchmark (YTB) core (Fig.1) with fuel composition consisting of different numbers of uranium rods and rods containing 232 Th mixed with depleted PWR fuel after GANEX Fig.1. Cross-section of the YTB core configuration 107 rods of reprocessing. We have also examined the simultaneous thorium (yellow circles) and 138 rods of EK-10 marked as red rare earth element accumulation in all four space circles. In the centre is the channel for an external driving configurations. Particular attention is given to the safety neutron source. Three small blue circlesdenote holes for problem after switching off the external neutron source control rods. Three pink circles enclosed by bigger blue of the facility. The modelling was performed using the circles are experimental channels. Four big blue circles at MCNPX code. thecorners are measurement channels in the core. Of utmost practical importance is the problem whether and at what conditions a subcritical reactor core loaded with thorium fuel only and driven by an external neutron source can reach the critical state. To clear up this problem we modelled the time behaviour of keff of a YTB core loaded with thorium rods only. It was also assumed that the 5 MW power remains constant during 560 days of external neutron irradiation and is then switched off. The results are displayed in Fig. 2. The results obtained in our work [1] can be summarized as follows:
Thorium rods provide sufficiently constant keff Fig. 2. Neutron multiplication factor keff as a function of YTB considering only fission neutrons. core irradiation time for 4 core configurations. Constant power of 5 MW is kept during 560 days than the external Spent nuclear fuel mixed with thorium can reach neutron irradiation is stopped. appreciably higher burnup in thermal nuclear power stations of ADS type. Reference [1] A. Pacan, B. Słowiński , M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, In the case when thorium based fuel is applied in Annals of Nuclear Energy. 62 (2013) 109-116 a subcritical core operating all the time the reactor stays at fixed keff after switching off an external driving neutron source.
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Development of WEB applications K. Gomulski, R. Możdżonek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
1. Kanalia problematic channel on the core scheme. All The “Kanalia” application is a decision support information about new measurements or any system whose main purpose is to help Maria reactor contaminations peaks is automatically updated without operators with the assessment of contamination of the any type of webpage reloading. water that flows in the fuel channel. The user interface Within the graphical interface the user can check is designed to work in modern internet browsers. The the history of all measurements and model predictions main benefit of this modern approach is that the user for a specific fuel channel. Also one can compare these does not have to install any new software and the data for several channels. application runs on almost all type of work-stations. Moreover, the system itself is far more convenient to The next step in the development of Kanalia will be manage and administer than it would be in the form of calibration of the coefficient that informs the user about a traditional application. the level of contamination. In the current form it is not precise enough and requires further testing.
2. iNotebook The aim of the service is to allow users access to the computa-tional resources of the CIŚ cluster via a web browser as well as to create interactive documentation with embedded pro-grams written in Python, Julia, Ruby and other program-ing languages. The service is divided into two parts: - a File manager allowing access to files in the user's home folder, downloading and uploading; - Ipython notebook: browser-based notebook with sup- port for code, text, mathematical expressions, inline
plots and other rich media [1]. The key feature of the Kanalia application is the The service is in the beta stage and will be real time analysis of data received from the reactor developed further. WNEP system. The system measures the contamination of each fuel channel in the Maria reactor and stores the data in a database. The Kanalia server checks periodically if there are new data in the database and then adds them to the existing model. Data analysis consists of creating a one-dimensional Kalman filter model for each channel. Then the assessment of contamination is based on the difference between the newest data received for a specific channel and its model prediction. The higher the model error the bigger the is probability of increasing contamination in that specific fuel channel. Reference Information about this probability for each channel [1] http://ipython.org/ is presented to the user in the form of a special coefficient based on the model error which is displayed on the reactor scheme placed in the left side of the interface. When the coefficient becomes too high the application will alert the user by marking in red
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 231
KV scaling method applied to LOCA analysis for the LOFT experimental facility and ZION NPP using RELAP5 R. Możdżonek, E. Skrzypek, M. Skrzypek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
In the design basis accident the most dangerous of the code are affected by uncertainties coming from accident is a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). A double sources such as the code model, plant parameters, which ended guillotine break loss of coolant accident is one of are caused by scatter of measured values, approximation the largest break scenarios. It can lead to the uncovering of modelling as well as variation of initial and boundary of the core due to lack of coolant and a severe accident conditions. with radioactivity releases. During the investigation the Large Break LOCA was analysed. The analysis was prepared for the Zion Nuclear Power Plant model and the safety key parameters were assessed. To assess the correctness of the results from the LBLOCA simulation in the ZION NPP, a scaled calculation was performed. The input was modified according to the philosophy of the scaling analysis and evaluated with the use of the experimental data from the LOFT test facility. During the scaling of the ZION NPP model the time preserving scale method was used. This implies the conservation of height and as much as possible of length of the scaled system. The documentation of the ZION NPP was shared to R&D institutes. It gave the possibility of Fig. 1. Time trends of integral break mass flow. modelling an entire installation focusing on the primary side of the NPP. After that many thermal-hydraulic The uncertainty analysis for the Zion Kv scaled analyses could be performed, i.e. loss of coolant model was performed based on the Monte Carlo accident, loss of flow accident or station blackout. methodology [2]. The same simulation with variations Making a model of nodalization which will be suitable in certain input pa-rameters was run 1000 times. Values for the projection of the L2-5 experiment it was of the parameters were drawn from different probability necessary to implement some changes related to plant density functions (usually normal and uniform ones). description and transient features. The primary side The lower and upper uncertainty bounds correspond to modelled in the RELAP5 code was divided into three the distribution of 1st and 99th percentiles. intact loops and a broken loop. Each of the intact loops References was equipped with an emergency core cooling systems [1] International Atomic Energy Agency, Deterministic (ECCS): LPIS and accumulator. Safety Analysis for Nuclear Power Plants, IAEA Safety Stand-ards Series No. SSG-2, IAEA, Vienna (2010) Part of the qualitative analysis is the presentation of [2] Best Estimate Safety Analysis For Nuclear Power Plant: the time trends of relevant thermal-hydraulic Uncertainty Evaluation, Safety Reports Series No. 52, parameters, selected examples are summarized in the IAEA, Vienna (2008) Table 1. The example of the comparison between the [3] Approach And Methods to Evaluate The Uncertainty in experiment and scaled calculation results is presented in System Thermohydraulic Calculations, Francesco Figure 1 – time trends of integral break mass flow D’Auria, Mecánica Computacional Vol. XXIII, pp. 1411-1425 (2004) experiment and Kv ZION NPP with uncertainty bounds. [4] A. Petruzzi and F. D’Auria, “Thermal-Hydraulic System RELAP5 is a best estimate code and therefore it is Codes in Nuclear Reactor Safety,” vol. Volume 2008, no. 10.1155/2008/460795, 8 November 2007 rec-ommended to perform an uncertainty analysis [2].
The aim of this analysis is to identify and evaluate potentially important uncertain parameters. The outputs
Table 1. Selected results for the comparison of the scaled calculation and experimental data. RTAs Type Unit CALC EXP LOFT Judgement Dryout occurrence Cladding temp initially deviating from saturation TSE s 0.40 0.91 R Time of maximum cladding temperature TSE s 4.70 28.47 M Peak cladding temperature SVP K 1 039.17 1078.00 E Core cladding quenched TSE s 74.00 65.00 R
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Modelling the MARIA research reactor T. Machtyl, D. Niewiadomska, E. Skrzypek, M. Skrzypek, D. Szymański National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Along with fuel conversion form Highly Enriched model in the RELAP5 code. Due to the presence of Uranium (HEU) to Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) in the beryllium in the reactor core, the number of groups of MARIA research reactor and the introduction of new delayed neutrons must be extended to include MC-5/485 type fuel elements into the reactor core, there photoneutrons emitted by the moderator. The model of was a need to develop new thermal-hydraulics models reactivity feedback includes the Doppler effect, the of channels with these new fuel elements. For this pur- presence of samarium and xenon, the effects resulting pose new models of MR-6/430 and MC-5/485 fuel from the change of temperature of beryllium and water elements have been developed using the CATHARE2 in the pool. Effects are to be appplied to the thermal- and RELAP5 system codes. At the same time point hydraulic model with RELAP5 kinetics module through a kinetics model was created in RELAP5. general feedback options, control variables and reactivity tables. In anemergency situation it is important to know if there will be the threat of pump flooding. That is why an analysis of the water levels in the MARIA reactor pump house after a leakage accident was made. The prepared algorithm allowed the water level after flow in to the pump room with a specified amount of water to br predicted. It can also be used for other simulations or calculations.
Fig. 1. CATHARE2 model of fuel channel with MR-6 type fuel element. Fig. 3.Water level in the pump house.
In the future these models will be connected together to provide steady-state and transient safety analyses of the entire fuel cooling circuit.
References [1] K. Pytel, Eksploatacyjny Raport Bezpieczeństwa Reaktora MARIA, red. Świerk, March 2009.EPR De- sign Description Framatome ANP, Inc, 2005 [2] K. Pytel (ed.), Aneks 2012/1 do Eksploatacyjnego Raportu Bezpie-czeństwa Reaktora MARIA Konwersja rdzenia reakto-ra MARIA na paliwo MC, Świerk, July 2012 [3] K. Pytel (ed.), Aneks 2013/2 do Eksploatacyjnego Raportu Bezpie-czeństwa Reaktora MARIA. Modernizacja układu chłodzenia kanałów paliwowych
reaktora MARIA, Świerk, October 2013. Fig. 2. RELAP5 model of fuel channel with MR6/430 type fuel [4] M. Dorosz, P. Nowakowski, Porównawcze pomiary element. hydrauliczne elementów pali-wowych typu MC5 i MR6, The concept of the space-independent kinetics IEA, May 2009 approxima-tion is to be implied in the MARIA reactor
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 233
Validation of the thermal-hydraulic and severe accident codes by modelling experimental facilities K. Samul, E. Skrzypek, M. Skrzypek, M. Spirzewski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Validation of computer codes is a process essential cooled reactor technology to the nuclear energy for the safety of the nuclear power plants and nuclear industry. One of the neces-sary activities during this facilities. The basic approach to the validation process project was to validate the se-vere accident tools for in the De-terministic Analysis Team is achieved by GCR. The Team took part in the benchmark established modelling phenomena, experimental facilities and tests, by ÚJV Řež, based on the experimental data from the which are focused on simulating specific phenomena HEFUS3 loop, modelled by the use of two severe present during accident conditions in real NPPs. Recent accident codes – MELCOR 1.8.4 and activities undertaken in code validation were: two test RELAP5/SCDAPSIM. Three simulated scenarios were facilities – LOFT (Loss of Fluid Test Facility) and 1st and 4th steady state and Loss of Flow Accident HEFUS3 (Helium cooled test facility) as well as Dryout transient – compressor slowdown. The results are in phenomena validation (based on two experiments good agreement with the measured experimental data. performed at KTH, Sweden). Bench-marks showed the capabilities for the prediction of relevant thermal-hydraulic aspects using severe accident tools. To prepare NCBJ for the future role of Technical Support Organisation, a LOFT model has been prepared with the use of the RELAP5 code. The LOFT facility has been de-signed to simulate physical phenomena which may be observed in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) during normal operation and accidents. Tests which have been modelled simulate a double ended break in the cold leg. Nuclear fuel is the source of the energy which is the unique feature of the LOFT facility.
Values of the thermohydraulic parameters have been Fig. 1. HEFUS3 helium cooled loop facility. compared with experimental data. The results of the The National Centre for Nuclear Research comparison shows that properties of the thermal- participates in the ALLEGRO project, which aims to hydraulic parameters of the model are in good develop a research base for the introduction of gas agreement with their experimental values.
Fig. 2. LOFT.
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In water cooled nuclear reactors the critical heat interpolation of the GROENEVELD table. This flux (CHF) phenomenon is one of the main design situation and an increasing need for accurate dryout constraints, since it sets an upper limit to the possible predictions as reactor fuels become more optimized, has power production. This limitation can be directly promoted an increased interest in phenomenological translated as a dryout criterion. The dryout phenomenon dryout modelling. can be described when there is no water for heat removal. The main goal is of course to predict correctly the dryout power, but to be sure that the model really captures the mechanism of the dryout phenomenon it should be compared to direct measurements of the liquid film. As far as liquid film is concerned it is governed only by the entrainment phenomenon in CATHARE-2 with the deposition model discarded. Soon, the CATHARE-3 code, with a 3 field approach (liquid, vapour and film flows – one set of equations for each field) will be delivered. The newest code has models for the all required phenomena implemented so better results are anticipated.
References [1] ALLEGRO – a Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor De-monstrator Status of the project - Ákos Horváth (MTA-EK) & Richard Stainsby (AMEC) [2] Reactor Core Design for High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor Part 1: Calculation of the Material Prop-erties of Helium (June 1978) Safety standards of the Nuclear Safety Standards Commission (KTA) (2010). [3] EX-05: Development of RELAP5 Input of LOFT Facility and Analysis of the LBLOCA L2-5, IAEA [4] LOFT SYSTEM AND TEST DESCRIPTION (5.5-FT NUCLEAR CORE 1 LOCES) DOUGLAS L. REEDER The code used by our Team is called CATHARE-2 July 1978 and this version is under validation. Results of the [5] Film flow measurements for high-pressure diabatic annular experiment simulation showed unsatisfactory agreement flow in tubes with various axial power distribu-tions, in dryout power as well as film flow measurements. NED 2006
These discrepancies come from the critical heat flux correlation which in one part is represented by
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 235
MARIA Reactor operation A. Gołąb, J. Jaroszewicz, G. Krzysztoszek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The multipurpose high flux research reactor - active length 1000 mm MARIA is a water and beryllium moderated reactor of - output thermal neutron flux pool type with graphite reflector and pressurised at horizontal channels 3 5·109 n/cm2s. channels containing concentric tube assemblies of fuel elements (Fig. 1, 2). It has been designed to provide The MARIA reactor reached its first criticality in a high degree of flexibility. December 1974. The reactor was in operation until 1985 when it was shut down for modernization. The modernization encompassed refurbishment and upgrading of technological systems. In particular, the efficiency of the ventilation and cooling systems was improved. In 1993 the MARIA reactor was put into operation again.
Fig. 1. Vertical section of the MARIA reactor. 1. control rod drive mechanism, 2. mounting plate, 3. ionisation chamber channel, 4. ionization chamber drive mechanism,5. fuel and loop channels support plate, 6. plate support console, 7. horizontal beam tube shutter drive mechanism, 8. beam tube shutter, 9. fuel channel, 10. ionization chamber shield, 11. core support structure, 12. core and reflector support plate, 13. reflector blocks, 14. beam tube compensation joint Fig. 2. View of the reactor pool. The fuel channels are situated in a matrix containing beryllium blocks and enclosed by a lateral The main areas of reactor application are as follows: reflector made of graphite blocks in aluminium cans. - irradiation of target materials in the vertical The MARIA reactor is equipped with vertical channels channels and in the rabbit system for irradiation of target materials, a rabbit system for - testing of fuel and structural materials for nuclear short irradiations and six horizontal neutron beam channels. power engineering The main characteristics and data of the MARIA reactor - neutron radiography are as follows: - neutron activation analysis - nominal power 30 MW(th) - neutron transmutation doping - thermal neutron flux density 4.0·1014 n/cm2s - research in neutron and condensed matter physics - moderator H2O, beryllium - training - cooling system channel type - fuel assemblies: In 2013 the reactor completed 26 operational cycles - material U3Si2Al or UO2-Al alloy at power levels from 30 kW to 25 MW (Fig. 3). The - enrichment 19,75% or 36% overall operation time was 3180 h. - cladding aluminium - shape five or six concentric tubes
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Fig. 3. Schedule of ”MARIA” reactor operation in 2013. In the period June-September the reactor did not production and if the results of testing is be positive operate due to the realisation of a big modernisation they will be used in future reactor operation. task. This task was related to modernization of the The core configuration has been changed several fuel channel primary cooling system. In the place of times because of fuel and irradiation requirements. 4 old main pumps new pumps with a higher flow rate The core configuration of October 2013 consisting of were installed and additionally 3 shutdown pumps 22 fuel assemblies and 2 special channels for 99Mo were installed. This modernization was based on the production is presented in Fig. 4. realization of the reactor core conversion programme associated with the implementation of the LEU fuel In 2013 the MARIA reactor was operated fabricated by the AREVA company. This fuel needs successfully. The reactor scram was activated 4 times, to be cooled by water with higher flow rates. for a short time, so there was no necessity to shorten The main activities carried out at the MARIA reactor the operation cycles. were focused on: Operational availability factors were asfollows: . irradiation of target materials in the vertical channels and in the rabbit system . neutron scattering for condensed matter studies with neutron beams from the reactor horizontal channel . neutron radiography studies . neutron modification of crystals and minerals where OT (operational time) denotes the number of . training hours on power and NH is the sum of the number of The MC-5 fuel assemblies have 19,75% hours on power and the number of unscheduled enrichment and 485g of 235U. The MR-6 type fuel shutdowns. assemblies have 36% enrichment and 430g of 235U. In 2013 the total emissions of radioactive materials to The release of fission products from this fuel is very low and achievable burn-up is over 50%. the environment were: . inert gases (mainly 41Ar): 1·1012 Bq, i.e. 0.8% of In 2013 the conversion process of the Maria core the limit determined by the NAEA to low-enriched fuel with enrichment of 19.75% in . iodine: 9.2·107Bq, i.e. 1.8% of the limit 235 U was realised. This process is being realised determined by the NAEA progressively, i.e. highly enriched fuel of the MR-6 . 88Rb and 138Cs: 5.4·107 Bq type is to be replaced, one by one, by low enriched The yearly emissions of the noble gases, iodines and fuel of the MC-5 type, fabricated by the AREVA aerosols are presented in Figs. 5,6,7. company. In 2013 97 workers received measurable whole body In 2013 two prototype fuel assemblies with 235 doses from 0.2 to 2,03 mSv and 8 workers received skin 19,75% enrichment and 485g of U were tested. doses from 0.11 to 3.45 mSv These assemblies made of UO2-Al alloy are Russian
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 237
Fig. 7. Yearly aerosols total emissions in the last eleven years. *) in 2004 the reactor only operated in January.
Neutron irradiation services Neutron irradiation services provided at the MARIA research reactor include radioisotope production, neutron transmutation doping of silicon, neutron activation analyses and biomedical technology. Available services cover the activation of a large variety of target materials for the production of iso- topes, which can be processed at the discretion of the customer. Irradiation services are performed in various facilities constructed in the MARIA reactor, depending Fig. 4. Core configuration of October 2013. on the required neutron flux levels, irradiation times, target mass and geometry. The standard vertical in-core isotope channels as well as special ones equipped with a hydraulic transport system are in operation.
For domestic customers targets of S, TeO2, Lu2O3, Yb2O3, Cu, Se, SmCl3 and KCl were irradiated (Fig.8). Most of them were produced for the Radioisotope Centre of the National Centre for Nuclear Research. Among them, irradiation of the 192Ir seeds used for Intravascular Radiation Therapy (IRT) and low activity 192Ir source ribbon for Oncology Applications, was continued. Total annual isotope production reached 633.9 TBq in 2013. Fig. 5. Yearly emissions noble gases in the last twelve years. Neutron irradiation services utilizing the MARIA reactor also include the colouring of topaz minerals. The irradiation of the mineral in special channels located outside the reactor core changes its clear natural state to shades of blue, thereby increasing the commercial value of the product. Blue topaz is released to the market as non-radioactive material, conforming to strict international criteria. Nuclear reactors remain a key component in the production of useful isotopes, mainly for nuclear medicine treatments. A key medical isotope is 99mTc, which is a decay product of 99Mo. One of the possible sources of 99Mo can be achieved in the course of the 235U fission reaction. The main objective of 235U Fig. 6. Yearly iodines total emissions in the last twelve years. irradiation is to obtain the 99mTc isotope, which is widely used in the domain of medical diagnostic. The 99mTc from a source of decaying 99Mo can be easily transported to hospitals, where it is extracted and used for a variety of nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures.
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Current technology for 99Mo production is based on readiness to irradiate new designed LEU targets. The usage of a loop that contains a standard fuel channel first step, supporting such a conversion, is certification equipped with its own control infrastructure for irra- of the new LEU targets. The programme is performed diating high-enriched uranium targets (HEU). Reali- under collaboration with Mallinckrodt Medical b.v. and zation of the molybdenum programme has confirmed with HFR reactors (Netherlands) and BR-2 (Belgium). the correctness of the irradiation technology developed The programme includes safety analysis calculations, at the Maria reactor. Due to a shortage of deliveries of out-of reactor mechanical, hydraulic and vibration tests. 99Mo, as was observed during the first months of 2013, At the same time a new programme dedicated to irradia- as a result of technical problems with the HFR reactor in tion of HEU cylindrical type targets for the Belgian Petten, the total number of uranium targets irradiated in company IRE has been started. the Maria reactor was significantly increased. In 2013 99 Based on the feasibility study and experience on irradiated 288 uranium targets. The quantity of Mo irradiation of 235U targets in the MARIA reactor a new delivered to the global market covered about 15% of project for production of 99Mo as “Molybdenum Świerk global demand for this radioisotope. Project” is being developed. The project of a produc- Following the GTRI (Global Threat Redyction tion facility foresees the adaptation of the existing Initiative) and the shortage of the key medical radioiso- infrastructure in MARIA reactor and the infrastructure tope 99Mo and its daughter 99mTc, related to the long- of POLATOM for 99Mo/99mTc generators assembling term reliability of the MARIA reactor it has declared its
Fig. 8. Distribution of target materials irradiated.
Nuclear Technology in Energy Generation 239
Fast neutron fluence in the beryllium matrix of the MARIA reactor using a diffusion model Z. Marcinkowska1, K. Pytel1, R. Wójcik1, A. Struski2, Ł. Koszuk1 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Poznan University of Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Poznań, Poland
The purpose of this study was to prepare and test The developed method is based on the fact that the a method for the determination of the fast fluence of the sum of the beryllium, lithium, tritium and helium beryllium matrix in the MARIA reactor core. The concentrations is constant in time and is equal to the method was based on the results of operation and initial beryllium concentration. Additionally the sum of a diffusion model and took into account data from 2010 the lithium, tritium and helium concentrations is linearly to 2013. The results of this work were used to verify the dependent on the fast fluence which the block has method used previously by the operator. received. In this work, the linear dependence was determined which introduced the possibility of an The moderator in the MARIA reactor core is instant fluence calculation (without considering the a beryllium matrix, consisting of 45 blocks. Each block whole irradiation history of each beryllium block). Due is exposed to a fast neutron flux, originating with the to the character of operational calculations, the fluence fission. The moderator slows down the neutrons from can be determined promptly. fast to thermal by scattering. However, fast neutrons can be absorbed by beryllium blocks by the (n,γ) reaction, Method used by the operator gave fluence values where and 3He isotopes are produced. The 6Li and 3H over 1.5 times higher than the proposed method, which are strong absorbers, therefore they determine the is based on the sum of the isotopic concentrations. This poisoning of the beryllium matrix. discrepancy is mainly caused by the more conservative approach used in the operator’s method. The operator’s The fast fluence of the beryllium blocks increases method assumes that the contribution to the fluence with time, which causes degradation of the mechanical from neighbouring beryllium blocks simply sums. and nuclear properties of the moderator. The reason is the presence of the gas tritium, helium, including The analysis shows that under the current neutron α particles (helium nucleus) and protons (hydrogen fluence limit specified in the operational safety report, nucleus). The beryllium block fluence does not measure lengthen the shelf-life of the beryllium matrix of the the material exhaustion, but is the simplest criterion for MARIA reactor core may be lengthened. estimation of its effects, including the gas generation rate.
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Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazardas 241
NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES IN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDS
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Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazardas 243
Overview of the research activities of the Radioisotope Centre POLATOM R&Ddepartment P. Garnuszek National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The R&D Department of the Radioisotope Centre 1. NCN Project No. UMO-2011/03/B/ST5/02734, ”In POLATOM carries out research programmes related to vitro and in vivo investigations of the radiometals the application of radioactive preparations and influence on the ability of CCK2R receptors imaging by radiolabelled compounds in various fields of medicine, the radiolabelled gastrin analogs” (30.08.2012 – research and industry and which include basic research 29.08.2015). as well as development and implementation of new 2. NCBiR Project No. PBS1/A9/2/2012, ”Alternative technologies. In particular, these studies are related to methods of technetium-99m production” (01.11.2012 – the development of methods and technologies for high 31.10.2015). specific activity radionuclides produced by neutron 3. NCBiR Project No. ERA-NET TRANSCAN/01/2013 irradiation in the Maria Research Reactor; development joined international project “Phase I clinical trial using a of production technologies for cyclotron radionuclides, novel CCK-2/gastrin receptor-localizing radiolabelled development of new markers for diagnostics and peptide probe for personalized diagnosis and therapy of radionuclide therapy based on active biological carriers, patients with progressive or metastatic medullary such as peptides and monoclonal antibodies; novel thyroid carcinoma” (01.06.2013 - 31.05.2016). technologies for radiosynthesis of markers for PET Within the research service agreement with IChTJ, diagnostics; multifunctional markers based on we contributed to the task ”Electrochemical methods of nanoparticles, etc.; as well as development of analytical metal separation from radioactive waste” within the and biological methods for evaluation of the efficacy of Project ”Development of techniques and technolo-gies newly developed radiopharmaceuticals. supporting the housing of the used atomic fuel and In 2013 the modern “Laboratory of Preclinical radioactive waste” (01.10.2011–16.08.2014). Studies” for radiopharmaceuticals testing was launched The R&D Department also participates in the IAEA in the R&D Department. The laboratory has been coordinated projects: equipped with systems and cabinets, ensuring high 68 hygienic standards for laboratory animals. More (1) IAEA No. 16476 “Development of Ga based PET-Radiopharmaceuticals for Management of specialized and sophisticated animal models of human Cancer and other Chronic Diseases“ (2011–2014). cancers can now be handled. A small animal gamma camera and optical imaging system allow (2) IAEA No. 16639 “Therapeutic radiopharmaceuti- comprehensive in vivo investigation of new tracers. cals based on 177Lu- and 90Y- labelled monoclonal antibodies and peptides: development and The results of our investigations are directly preclinical evaluations” (2011–2014). implemented in the development and improvement of technologies at our Centre. The R&D Department (3) IAEA No. 17419 “Accelerator-based alternatives contributes to the pharmaceutical documentation to non-HEU production of Mo-99/Tc-99m (2012- required in the process of Marketing Authorization for 2015). novel radiopharmaceuticals, in accordance with the Our representatives contribute to two programmes of current relevant regulations. the COST action (European Cooperation Programme of Currently, the R&D Department is involved in projects Scientific and Technical cooperation): financed by the Polish grant institutions, National (1) COST TD1004 – Theragnostics Imaging and Centre for Research and Development and National Therapy: An Action to Develop Novel Nanosized Science Centre. These were: Systems for Imaging-Guided Drug Delivery (2011-2015). (2) COST CM1105 - Functional metal complexes that bind to biomolecules (2012–2016).
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The most important practical achievement of the Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices R&D Department of RC POLATOM in 2013 was the and Biocidal Products (Poland) for granting their submission of the Pharmaceutical Dossier for a new Marketing Authorization in Poland. radiopharmaceutical: ItraPol and LutaPol, radionuclidic precursors for preparation of 90Y- and 177Lu-labelled compound for radionuclidic therapy, to The Office for
Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazardas 245
Accelerator-based alternatives to non-heu production of 99Mo/99mTc R. Mikołajczak, D. Pawlak, T. Janiak, I. Cieszykowska, W. Wojdowska, M. Mielcarski, J.L. Parus National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The International Atomic Energy Agency in Alternatively, the two-electrode system can be used Vienna intiated in 2012 the coordinated research project with two separated chambers comprising Mo foils as “Accelerator-based alternatives to non-HEU production working electrode and Pt foil as counter electrode under of Mo-99/Tc-99m (IAEA No. 17419). Based on our the following conditions: a constant potential of 4V and participation in this project a consortium of the National a temperature of the electrolyte solution of 60°C, during Centre for Nuclear Research Radioisotope Centre 60 min, about 85% of the metallic molybdenum was POLATOM (POLATOM) in Otwock, the Institute of oxidized and passed into the solution. Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT) in Warsaw and the Heavy Ion Laboratory (HIL) of the University of Warsaw has been established to work together on alternative methods of 99mTc production within the PBS I project. This project is coordinated by POLATOM. Experimental work has been concentrated on the following topics: 1. Preparation of molybdenum targets for irradiation with protons.
2. Dissolution of molybdenum targets. 99m 3. Separation of Tc from large excesses of Fig. 1. Mo pellets before and after sintering. molybdenum. POLATOM has tried the electrodeposition of Mo from aqueous solutions on Pt electrodes [1]. The deposition was complete but the layer obtained was not conductive. Work on deposition from molten salts media has been initiated. A suitable furnace operating up to 1280°C in an inert gas atmosphere was purchased and experimental trials have begun. a)Before sintering b) after sintering Another way to prepare molybdenum for irradiation is to press metal powder into pellets and Fig. 2. Microscopic cross sections of Mo pellets before and after sintering. sinter them in a hydrogen atmosphere at 1600°C. The pellets shrink and density, hardness and mechanical Using aqueous biphasic extraction chromatography strength increase. Further tests are in progress. For (ABEC) carrier-free 99mTc has been separated on a RP comparison, pellets before and after sintering are C-18 polyethylene glycol modified column with presented in Fig.1 while Fig.2 shows a microscopic approximately 90% yield in 50 mL of water as eluent. cross section of pellets before and after sintering. In another separation method using a Dowex-1 anion At the HIL an external irradiation station for target exchanger column [2] 99mTc was separated with irradiation is being constructed. After completion, approximately 78% yield. Both separation methods will irradiation by a proton beam will be started. Two kinds be further developed. Another possibility of 99mTc of self-supporting targets of natural Mo were prepared: separation has been developed at INCT using pellets of thickness from 500 to 2000 µm, and a foil of molybdenum phosphate (AMP) precipitation followed 10 µm after rolling a molybdenum bead. Preparatory by ion exchange purification. and design phases of a target holder have been finished.
An automatic control system for this device based on a PLC controller has been developed and implemented in References a PLC module. [1] Morley T.J. et al., Elelctrochemistry Communications 15: 78-80 (2012) In POLATOM molybdenum metal as powder [2] Chattopadhyay S. et al., Applied Radiation and Isotopes (100 µm grain size) and foil (1 mm thick) has been 66: 1814-1817 (2008) successfully dissolved in sodium hydroxide and hydrogen per-oxide at 70°C in about 30 min.
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The laboratory of radioactivity standards of the Radioisotope Centre POLATOM T. Dziel, Z. Tymiński National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The Laboratory of Radioactivity Standards (LRS) of the Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, National Centre for Nuclear Research, in Otwock-Świerk, is the only laboratory in Poland performing radioactivity measurements of -, and -emitters by absolute methods and performing calibration of standard solutions and radioactive sources. The President of the Central Office of Measures in Poland (GUM) established in 1999 the National Standard of Radionuclide Activity in Poland. The standard is stored and used at the LRS. The LRS has implemented and maintained a quality management system compliant with the international standard ISO/IEC 17025:2005. The accreditation certificate awarded by the Polish Centre for Accreditation Fig. 1. Results of Co-57 activity measurements comparison (accreditation no. AP 120) is the confirmation of our within the SIR framework. technical competence as a calibration laboratory. In In 2013 the LRS participated in the international com- 2013 the accreditation scope was extended for activity parison of 57Co and 134Cs radioactivity measurements measurements with the use of a new TRI-CARB 2910 organized within the framework of SIR. The results of TR liquid scintillation counter. 57Co measurements are presented graphically in Fig.1. In 2013 the LRS organized a proficiency test of Our result is the last on the right. activity measurements of 90Y and 89Sr with nuclear The RC POLATOM is recognized by the Central Office medicine departments in Polish hospitals. The overall of Measures in Poland as a Designated Institute (DI). performance of the participants varied significantly, and Therefore, it is entitled to have direct contacts with the values of the calibration factor used during activity EURAMET and participation in scientific projects assay and the underestimation of uncertainties by the supported by this organization. In 2013 the LRS carried participants appear to be the main sources of error. The out two projects coordinated by EURAMET on the results will be presented during the conference of Polish application of ionization radiation metrology in Association of Nuclear Medicine in May 2014. environmental sciences and industry. The LRS also participates in international key IND04 MetroMetal “Ionizing radiation metrology comparisons of radioactivity measurements, enabling for the metallurgical industry” linking to the global system of national standards. These comparisons are organized by the International Bureau Recycled scrap loads that enter steel mills usually of Weights and Measures (BIPM) and the European undergo tests for radioactive contamination with Association of National Metrology Institutes radiation detection portals. This is in order to detect EURAMET. The laboratory also participates in com- hidden orphan radioactive sources that could lead to parisons within the framework of the International negative effects such as radioactive contamination of Reference System (SIR). the furnace, expensive clean-up costs, the leaking of radioactive substances into the environment or external
irradiation of foundry workers, or even the general population.
Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazardas 247 months of the project. Currently the RC POLATOM is participating in a comparison of 151Sm activity measurements and half-life determination. All medium-active or low-active waste must be characterized before being stored in repositories. For these purposes a prototype free-release measurement facility (FRMF) based on four HPGe detectors was constructed. To get reliable results from the FRMF three large volume calibration standards for different types of waste were developed: • calibration standard for metal waste including the two radionuclides 110mAg and 60Co. The calibration standard consists of 12 metal tubes placed in a special container of Euro-pallet size,
• calibration standards for concrete waste based on Fig. 2. View of the simulated HPGe detector and measurement two kinds of natural gravels with “low” and “nor- chamber model used for validation of Monte Carlo codes in 40 226 228 IND04. mal” activity of the isotopes: K, Ra and Th were characterized, This JRP is addressing these issues by developing reliable, SI traceable methods optimized for the • calibration standard for the real light material - clay control/measurement of radioactivity at each stage of balls of diameter between 3-8 mm to fill a Euro- the smelting process. In the last year of the project such pallet size container, is in the final stage of methods were prepared and a description will be production and will be soon characterized. available soon for the project end-users. The main tasks The calibration standards fulfill the criteria that realized in the RC POLATOM were connected to the govern the development of radioactive standards such as calibration standards. Reference materials containing 60 226 137 homogeneity of activity distribution in the matrix, its the radionuclides Co, Ra and Cs were produced apparent density and the activity concentration of each by project partners and characterized in POLATOM by radionuclide as well. The LRS participated, with applying unique techniques and methods. The matrix of positive results, in a series of comparisons of the standards represents 3 different types: cast steel, slag radionuclide activity determinations in different and fume dust respectively. matrices which led to the development of the above Monte Carlo simulations of the detector system mentioned standards. based on the PENELOPE code were prepared for One of the technical LWR achievements in 2013 is optimization of the spectrometric device (Fig. 2). The the development and construction of a new 4π(LS)-γ results from the LRS contribute to the inter-comparisons coincidence and anticoincidence system (TDKG) with proposed for choosing the best solution for the a TDCR detector in the LS-channel and NaI(Tl) – in the measurement system design. -channel with a FPGA-based digital platform. ENV09 MetroRWM “Metrology for radioactive waste management” The operation of nuclear facilities and their decommissioning, once their life cycle ends, must be done in such a way as to minimize environmental impact by accurately measuring the radioactivity of radionuclides in waste and environmental samples, using standardized and traceable measurement methods. During the last year of the project, the following were developed: standardized traceable measurement methods for solid radioactive waste, novel instruments Fig. 3. New 4π(LS)-γ coincidence and anticoincidence system and methods for in-situ measurements, gaseous effluent for absolute measurements of radionuclide activity. monitors/samplers for stored waste, and standard sources and reference materials. The decay data for long-lived radionuclides will be improved in the next
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Analysis of nuclear centre personnel exposure derived from alpha emitters K. Rzemek, M. Dymecka, J. Ośko, T. Pliszczyński, M. Tulik National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Introduction A preliminary analysis of the urine in order to The nuclear facilities staff is a group of workers estimate the internal exposure for alpha emitters was potentially occupationally exposed to radiation doses performed. No plutonium and americium isotope derived from external and internal exposure. contamination was detected. Assessment of external exposure is carried out by individual dosimeters, which enable the dose derived from beta and gamma radioisotopes and also from neutron radiation to be determined. The internal exposure (intake of α, β and γ radioisotopes into the body) is measured by routine in vivo and in vitro methods. The α-radioactive elements are much more radiotoxic than other radioisotopes. Therefore, monitoring of internal contamination is widely recognized as essential for the safety of people. This monitoring is based on measurements of radionuclide activity in biological samples (in vitro methods) or environmental samples (water, air, etc.). The Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory is responsible for monitoring of internal exposure of Na- tional Centre for Nuclear Research staff. The aim of this Fig. 2. The spectrum of plutonium isotopes obtained in the work was to extend the internal monitoring capabilities Alpha Analyst spectrometer for the secondary water cooling of the LPD. circuit of the MARIA reactor.
Materials and methods Conclusions In order to assess the internal exposure of personnel the The results of the analyses of theprimary cooling following analyses were performed: circuit water samples confirmed the presence of • samples of water from the primary circuit of the actinides (239Pu, 238Pu, 241Am), which is a result of the MARIA reactor (fuel elements, cooling water, 238U activation in the fuel and on the surface of the fuel reactor pool), element cans. Actinides can be released into the cooling • urine samples from workers potentially exposed to circuit as a result of defects and corrosion of fuel internal contamination. element cladding. Depending on the nature of the sample and the type of isotope, the appropriate radiochemical procedure, which The presence of actinides in the reactor coolant allows for element separation, was used. indicates potential contamination of personnel involved in the operation of the reactor, who should be monitored Results for intake of alpha emitters. Plutonium and americium isotopes were detected in the The limits of detection of the proposed method primary cooling circuit (of fuel elements and the reactor allow the activity corresponding to an effective dose of pool). The alpha spectrum of plutonium isotopes in 238 239 241 0.6 mSv ( Pu and Pu) and 0.2 mSv ( Am) to be analyzed samples is presented in Figure 1 and Figure 2. measured, assuming that the measurement was
performed 30 days after the contamination. The results of this work were presented during the 6th Na-tional Conference on Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry [1]. Reference [1] K. Ciszewska (Rzemek) et al, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Akapit No. (2013) p. P7
Fig. 1. The spectrum of plutonium isotopes obtained in the Alpha Analyst spectrometer for the primary water cooling circuit of the MARIA reactor.
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EURADOS intercomparison exercise on MC modelling for the in-vivo monitoring of AM-241 in skull phantoms K. Tymińska, J. Ośko National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Introduction This work was done under the NCBJ cooperation with EURADOS. Working Group 7, “Internal dosimetry” and Working Group 6, “Computational dosimetry” organized an intercomparison exercise on MC modelling for the in-vivo monitoring of 241Am in skull phantoms. The project was focused on the simulation and measurement of 241Am activity in the skull. The action consisted of three tasks, with increasing complexity. The first task started with fixed conditions and each subsequent task required more lab specific data. All participating laboratories were encouraged to solve as many of the tasks as they could handle. Fig. 1. Simulated energy distributions compared with the Materials and methods measurement result [1]. A germanium detector containing a crystal of 50 mm diameter and 10 mm thickness was used for the reference measurement. The first task concerned modelling of the measurement of a hemispherical semi- anatomical phantom. The voxel representation of this phantom was created from CT measurements of the physical phantom. The intercomparison participants received a fully segmented and labelled phantom with material descriptions. All surface voxels of the bone equivalent material were identified by a unique voxel identifier and treated as a source region. Participants were instructed to use the 241Am radionuclide data as supplied in the intercomparison instructions. Processing Fig. 2. Relative detection efficiencies with assumed of detection efficiency followed a similar procedure i.e.: uncertainties [1]. all data were normalized by a value obtained from a reference measurement, and then the geometrical mean and geometric standard deviation (GSD) were Conclusions calculated. The simulated spectra agree rather well with the Results measurements even in the low energy region. The Fig. 1 displays the simulated spectrum obtained by majority of the responses did not need any correction us compared to that from the physical measurement. and the number of incorrect results was less than in Both results are in very good agreement. a previous exercise of a similar kind [2]. Overall knowledge in this research area utilising MC techniques The maximum deviation of the detection efficiency appears to have improved and the repetition of the of a single result from the GM did not exceed ±5%. intercomparison exercise has positively affected the However, all reported values underestimated the skills of the participating laboratories. detection efficiency obtained from the physical measurement, as depicted in Fig. 2. The result initially The result of subsequent tasks (2 and 3) are being obtained by us (marked) was inflated due to wrong ana-lyzed and their results will be published later. gamma yield normalization. After normalization References correction the simulation result was very close to the [1] T. Vtrba et al, Radiat. Phys. Chem. (2014) (in print) average value. [2] D. Broggio et al. Radiat. Meas., 47 (2012), pp. 492–500
250 Annual Report 2013
Study of the influence of the B4C layer thickness on the neutron flux and energy distribution shape in a multi‐electrode ionization chamber K. Tymińska1, M. Maciak2, J. Ośko1, P.Tulik2, M. Zielczyński1, M.A. Gryziński1 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
The most common methods used for determining coated on both sides with a thin layer of boron carbide the of neutron spectrum are on the measurements of (B4C), in order to absorb thermal and epithermal recoil proton energy or the use of sets of moderators neutrons. The gas filling the chamber is dry air. with different thicknesses, like in a Bonner spheres Electrodes, side panels, front panel, rear panel, top and method, which offers good accuracy and is often bottom plates as well as the columns are made of considered as a reference method. A serious conductive polypropylene. shortcoming of the method is the necessity of replacing The calculations of the neutron flux were performed the Bonner spheres and repeating measurements, so the for simulated irradiation with a 252Cf source assuming neutron should be constant in time. Moreover, the various B C layer thicknesses. All the results are method is time - and labour-consuming. Both these 4 presented per one neutron entering the chamber. factors significantly limit the use of Bonner spheres in routine measurements. Influence of the neutron spectrum on the B4C layer thickness is illustrated in Fig. 2. The deepest electrode Another possible approach is to place thermal has been chosen for presentation. It can be seen that the neutron detectors at different depths in a moderator and neutrons of lower energies are effectively absorbed in to irradiate all of them at the same time. The new idea, the boron carbide. Even the thinnest layer considered is investigated in this work, was to design a multi- sufficient for effective absorption of thermal and electrode ionization chamber with electrodes made of epithermal neutrons. moderating material. The electrodes would be covered with a thin layer of B4C, so it could be expected that the signal would be mostly from alpha particles generated in reactions of thermal neutrons with 10B nuclei. The chamber is irradiated from the top, so the neutrons pass through all the electrodes and the values of the ionization current are measured separately in each of the consecutive intraelectrode gas volumes. A model of a multi-electrode ionization chamber, with polypropylene electrodes coated with a thin layer of B4C was created within the MCNPX and FLUKA codes [1]. Fig. 2. Neutron flux on the lowest electrode calculated with The influence of the layer thickness on the neutron the MCNPX code for various values of the B4C layer absorption in B4C and on the neutron spectra in the thickness. consecutive intraelectrode gas volumes has been studied using the MCNPX and FLUKA codes [2]. This work is devoted to modelling such a chamber and neutron spectra in consecutive intraelectrode volumes using the MCNPX and FLUKA codes. The results will be used for designing a new chamber for neutron beam dosimetry. References [1] M. Maciak, J. Ośko, P. Tulik, K. Tymińska: Model numeryczny wielosygnałowej komory jonizacyjnej, XVIII KKBiB / Bujnowski A., Wtorek J., 2013, Komitet Biocybernetyki i Inżynierii Biomedycznej Politechnika Gdańska, ISBN 978-83-60779-22-4 (2013) Fig. 1. Model of the multi-electrode chamber created using the K. Tymińska, M. Maciak, J. Ośko, P.Tulik, FLUKA code. [2] M. Zielczyński, M.A. Gryziński “Study on the influence
of the B4C layer thickness on the neutron flux and The multi-electrode ionization chamber (Fig. 1) energy distribution shape in multi-electrode ionization consists of 21 polarizing and collecting electrodes chamber” Radiation Protection Dosimetry in print placed alternately. Each of the polarizing electrodes is (2013).
Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazards 251
A multi-layer recombination chamber as an active neutron spectrometer M. A. Gryziński1, R. Soboń1, M. Maciak1,2, P. Tulik1,2, M. Zielczyński1 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Neutron spectra can be measured with a Bonner Ball Neu-tron Detector (BBND) which is a small counter placed at the centre of moderating spheres with size ranging from 2 to 12 inches. Significant disadvantages of this method are time-consuming measurements with the need for complex planning, changing different sizes of moderator and man-ually calculating the result which in an unknown radiation field is very difficult because of the initial prediction of the neutron spectra. A new type of neutron detector has been designed [1], which combines a neutron spectrometer and a recombination chamber. The idea behind the multi- Fig. 1. Model of the multi-layer chamber for the MC layer recombination chamber was to allow spectrum calculation. determination the of targeted neutron beam, i.e. neutrons coming from one direction e.g. a reactor beam hole or accelerator. The second goal was significantly to The detector consists of 8 disc shaped signal decrease the time of the measurements, because a whole electrodes (1 mm thick) and 9 polarizing electrodes of neutron spectrum can be calculated with only one different thicknesses (from 1 mm to 40 mm) placed measurement, without changing different sizes of alternately with 5 mm distance from each other. First moderator. and last polarizing electrodes (1 mm thick) only produce an electric field and the other polarizing electrodes are These goals were achieved by a construction based additionally serve as moderators. The multi-layer on a multi electrode ionization chamber and using recombination chamber was designed so that the polarizing electrodes as moderating discs made of deepest polarizing electrode corresponds to a 12 inch material containing hydrogen. Polarizing and signal Bonner Sphere. Therefore, one measurement is able to electrodes are placed alternately so that the neutron cover the whole range of the neutron spectrum (from energy is lowered with each pass through a polarizing 10-7 MeV to 102 MeV). In the case of higher energy electrode and therefore the signal coming from each neutrons the use of a 5 inch polyethylene disc as shield signal electrode corresponds to a specific energy of the is proposed. incident neutron beam. Signals coming from all signal electrodes are measured simultaneously in order to extract information after each step of the moderation process. In order to increase sensitivity to thermal neutrons over other types of radiation, the multi-layered recombination chamber has to be filled with a gas with a high cross section for thermal neutrons such as boron- 10. Signals are acquired by an electrometer or set of electrometers measuring the charge collected by each signal electrode (proportional to the thermal neutron flux) or the current flowing through the electrode (proportional to the thermal neutron beam density). The advantage of a multi-layered recombination chamber is a less time-consuming spectrum Fig. 2. Cross section of the multi-layer recombination measurement and no need for monitoring neutron beam chamber. density variations during measurements. References Proper thicknesses of the moderator were calculated [1] Patent invention of NCBJ no. 404072 (2013) during the modelling process, using the Monte Carlo [2] K. Tymińska, M. Maciak, J. Ośko, P.Tulik, M. Zielczyński, M.A. Gryziński. Radiat. Prot.Dosim. in codes FLUKA and MCNPX [2]. print (2013)
252 Annual Report 2013
HDR radiotherapy using a photon needle (PN) M. Słapa, M. Traczyk, K. Wincel, B. Zaręba National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
During 2013 the main focus of activity was on simulation for approaching the isodose on a circular development of the corrective lenses for the PN to surface of 40 mm diameter. The calculations were assure surface isotropy (X,Y) of the X radiation from performed for a lens of spherical (bowl) shape made the PN. from PMMA material. All calculations were performed based on the MCNP5 transport code with MCNPDATA The PN allows the placement of the rtg. lamp target cross-sections library. [1],[2]. within the target or its close vicinity. This in turn allows an X-ray high dose deposition within the object of interest, thus reducing the radiation time to several minutes. The PN is a “point” source of spherical isotropy of the applied X-ray radiation. Irradiation treatment based solely on spherical isotropy seems to utilize only a part of the full potential of PN radiotherapy.
Fig. 2. Dose distribution in water for different lens pa- rameters. The results indicate that increasing the lens thickness leads to a decrease of the average dose, but improves the radiation isotropy. The best isotropy was obtained for a lens of 5 mm thickness with an average dose of 1 Gy/min. and standard variation <10%. Further improvement of the isotropy could be obtained by modification of the lens shape. One estimates that the time needed to gain the deposited dose of 20 Gy (on a circular surface of 40 mm diameter) is equal to 10 minutes. This time con- cerns the PN working at full power.
Fig. 1. Model of the Photon Needle with corrective lens. It should be stated that the PN with corrective lenses might be regarded as an X-ray source which The proposed device with the corrective lenses is assures isotropic dose distribution. Such a source, depicted in Fig. 1. The anode of the rtg. PN lamp is precisely located in space, can fulfil the radiotherapy placed within a specially designed collimator with the HDR conditions. lens. The design of the collimator assures full absorption of the X-ray from the PN. The choice of Thanks to this, it could be counted as an extremely appropriate lens may, and should, assure isotropic interesting, innovative device in radiotherapy. radiation on the circular surface of the diameter equal to References that of the collimator (2R). [1] MCNP – A General Monte Carlo N – Particle Transport Code, Version 5, X-5 Monte Carlo Team LANL, 2003 The Monte Carlo simulation of the dose surface [2] MCNP5DATA:Standard Neutron Photoatomic, distribution was performed based on three parameters: Photonuclear, and Electron Data Libraries for MCNP5 surface diameter (2R), lens curvature and lens material. (CCC-710) The calculations were performed for a PN rtg. lamp of Ua=50 kV, and Ia=20 μA. Fig. 2 depicts a sample MC
Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazards 253
Environmental Measurements Laboratory M. Bogusz, J. Bzdak, M. Kowalski, M. Lasiewicz, M. Laskus, J. Sernicki, M. Sowiński, H. Trzaskowska National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Air pollution is not an only environmental but also For example the ultrafine particle monitor measures a public health problem of growing interest. Dust and PM1, the most dangerous fraction of dust for health. gaseous pollutants mainly originate from combustion With the optical particle sizer particle size distributions exhausts of industry and road traffic. Dust may also be as well as dust concentrations may be obtained. A set of raised and some of the pollutants may be natural. automatic gas analyzers (NOx, CO, O3) aims to measure traffic gaseous pollutants precisely in heavy traffic The environmental measurements laboratory aims highways and cities, thus being an important to carry out diverse investigations of air quality. It is component of the laboratory. This enables simultaneous being equipped with a new set of apparatus designed for measurements of gaseous and dust pollutants along atmospheric air monitoring which were mounted in with meteo data obtained from the meteorological set. a mobile container (Fig. 1). The mobile air quality monitoring station has started to measure concentrations of suspended particulates PM10, PM2.5, and PM1. It will also measure concentrations of the gaseous pollutants NOx, CO, O3. Fig. 2 shows inside the container with working pollutant analyzers.
Fig. 1. Mobile container in the mounting hall. Fig. 2. Particulate matter analyzers inside the container.
The completion of the measuring apparatus will be A computerized database connected remotely to the continued next year. The laboratory will be based on set of analyzers will integrate and control the the mobile container equipped with high-tech analyzers measurement system, not only collecting environmental enabling precise measurements. and meteo data but also complete statuses of the set of As a result of the laboratory modernization, devices. It will also collect data from the Voivodeship pollutant immission measurements can be conducted in Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in Warsaw any location wherever it is necessary for long periods. and the Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Moreover, the measurements may be supervised Computational Modelling of Warsaw University. The remotely. database system will store all collected data, and allow queries for any set of parameters to be built, easily The set of instruments currently consists of: select the averaged data, perform appropriate data - ultrafine particle monitor, transformations and build data exploring models. It will - optical particle sizer, be connected with the pollution prediction system, - suspended particulate beta gauge monitor (PM10 which takes into account summer and heating seasons and PM2.5), and can produce forecasts of concentrations of - airborne dust concentration gauge AMIZ, particulate matter in the air every 8 hours for the next - low volume air sampler for PM10 and PM2.5. 24/48 hours. Work in the laboratory also includes The following instruments will be added: prediction optimization to obtain satisfying accuracy. - a set of automatic gas analyzers (NOx, CO, O3) The laboratory’s advanced research will allow the with calibration equipment, development of methods limiting of PM10 and PM2.5 in - a meteorological set for measuring temperature, accordance with Directive 2008/50/EC of the European relative humidity, pressure, precipitation, UV Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on radiation, wind speed and direction. ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe.
254 Annual Report 2013
The measurement instruments with database and - studies of indoor air quality. prediction can be used in collaboration with interested Project co-financed by the European Union from parties in: the European Regional Development Fund under the - studies of air pollution in urban areas, Regional Operational Programme of the Masovian - studies of the surroundings of heavy traffic roads, - medical studies, Voivodeship 2007-2013.
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Application of the RODOS decision support system for nuclear emergencies |in the CONVEX-3 exercise M. Borysiewicz, M. Korycki, S. Potempski, G. Siess, A. Wasiuk, H. Wojciechowicz National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
The RODOS (Real-time On-line DecisiOn Support) One of the most important activities is the project was launched in 1989 and increased in size validation and the verification of the RODOS system through the European Commission’s 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th when new functionalities are implemented. Using the Framework Programmes [1]. The system was finally occasion of the international exercise CONVEX-3, installed and has been used in national or regional organized by the Inter-Agency Committee on nuclear emergency centres, providing coherent support Radiological and Nuclear Emergencies (IACRNE) in at all phases of an accident (i.e., before, during and after cooperation with the IAEA, it was decided to use the a release), including both short-term countermeasures newly implemented features in RODOS in this exercise. based on intervention level, and long-term management This concerns the possibility of application of and restoration of contaminated areas. The system has a numerical weather prognosis model WRF (Weather been designed for evaluation of different strategies in Research and Forecasting) for providing meteorological order to work out optimal decisions concerning the data outside Europe. In the CONVEX-3 exercise it was introduction of a wide range of potentially useful assumed that the release of radioactive material would countermeasures (e.g., sheltering and evacuation of the take place in Morocco on 20 and 21 November 2013 – population distribution of iodine tablets, food the two fictitious places of the incident were: Tangier- restrictions, agricultural countermeasures, relocation, Med (cargo harbour) and Marrakesh. The numerical decontamination, restoration, etc.) mitigating the prognosis was performed using the WRF model on consequences of an accident with respect to health, the nested grids with boundary-initial data taken from the environment and the economy. It can be applied to American GFS (Global Forecast System) of NOAA. An accidental releases into the atmosphere and aquatic appropriate interface between the WRF and RODOS environments. Appropriate interfaces have been atmospheric dispersion models was implemented. The developed for exchanging information with local and results of the simulation (Fig. 1) were in good national radiological monitoring data, meteorological agreement with the results of other participants in the measurements and national weather forecasts. Each exercise. Nevertheless, in order to use the WRF model country has had to customize the system to local, operationally a more detailed analysis of the optimal regional and national conditions in Europe. This process configuration of the WRF model should be made. is continuous as new versions and new modules of the system appear almost every year, and should be Reference implemented for national conditions. Recently new [1] J. Ehrhardt, A. Weis (eds), RODOS: Decision Support versions of RODOS have been released, based on Java. System for Off-site Nuclear Emergency Management The system has been customized in Poland. However, in Europe. European Commission, Brussels, Report EUR 19144, 2000. there is still a need to include current information on radioecological regions, which have been redefined taking into account existing administrative borders.
Fig. 1. Results of the RODOS atmospheric dispersion module for the CONVEX-3 exercise.
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Sequential Monte Carlo and Bayesian methods in the stochastic estimation of an atmospheric contamination source P. Kopka, A. Wawrzyńczak-Szaban, M. Borysiewicz National Centre for Nuclear Research, Świerk-Otwock, Poland
Event reconstruction of chemical or biological agent conducted analysis showed that in the case of moving dispersion into the atmosphere is an important inverse sources the SMC method localizes the contamination problem in homeland security and environmental source with the higher probability, but all sources monitoring applications. Environmental sensors have cannot always be found. At the same time the MCMC been deployed in various cities for early detection of are more effective in localizing all contamination contaminant releases into the atmosphere. A stochastic sources, but with lower probability (Fig 3). We event reconstruction can process information from an conclude that the proposed algorithms can be efficient environmental sensor network. In the Bayesian in reconstruction of multisource events, even when the approach the problem of finding the most probable source position is changing. localization of the contamination source is reduced to the problem of the specification of a set of atmospheric dispersion model parameters. The set of parameters searched for depends on the applied model. The aim is to find (among others) the source distribution for which the model will generate concentrations closest to those actually measured.
Fig. 1. Location of the release point (red dot), sampling points (blue dots) and meteorological towers (green dots) during the field tracer experiment conducted on 31 May 2001 over the Kori nuclear site.
We have developed an algorithm connecting Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) [1, 2] to provide additional benefits in the process of event reconstruction. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm was tested with the use of data from the field tracer experiment conducted on 31 May Fig. 2. Posterior distribution of x and y source coordinates for 2001 over the Kori nuclear site [3]. The reconstruction the Kori experiment. Red lines represent the target. of the contamination source for this experiment was challenging due to a very complicated wind field pattern resulting from the hilly terrain and the closeness of the sea coast. We used the SCIPUFF atmospheric dispersion model [4] as the forward model to predict the concentrations at the sensor locations (see Fig. 1, 2). We have adapted the developed methods to the reconstruction of multisource atmospheric releases. We have tested algorithms with the use of synthetic data in the case when the sources are not moving and in the case when they change position in time [5,6]. The
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Statistics, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 106, ch.10, Springer, 2014 [2] P. Kopka, A. Wawrzynczak, M. Borysiewicz, ‘Sequential Monte Carlo and Bayesian methodology in the stochastic event reconstruction problems’ in Information technologies: research and their interdisciplinary applications, 44-61, Institute of Computer Science Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 2013 [3] K. S. Suh, et al.,: Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling over the Kori Nuclear Site, 11th International Congress of the International radiation Protection Association, Madrit, Spain, 2004 [4] Sykes, R.I. et.al., PC-SCIPUFF Version 1.2PD Technical Documentation. ARAP Report No. 718. Titan Corporation, (1998) [5] P. Kopka, A. Wawrzynczak, M. Borysiewicz, ‘Dynamic optimization via Bayesian inference and sequential Fig. 3. Scatter plot of all samples in subsequent time steps for Monte Carlo sampling’, Computer Algebra Systems in the MCMC algorithm. The red diamond represent the target. Teaching and Research, vol. IV, No. 1., p. 170, 2013 [6] P. Kopka, A. Wawrzynczak, M. Borysiewicz, ‘Time dependent global optimization via Bayesian inference References and Sequential Monte Carlo sampling’, IEEE [1] A. Wawrzynczak, P. Kopka, M. Borysiewicz, ‘Bayesian Proceedings of the Federated Conference on Computer methodology in the stochastic event reconstruction Science and Information Systems, 2013, pp. 363– problems’ in E. Lanzarone and F. Ieva (eds.), The 370 (2013) Contribution of Young Researchers to Bayesian .
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Projection of buildings in the hydrodynamic solver EULAG M. Korycki1,2 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
One of the aspects of urban meteorology is city meso-gamma spatial scales. The algorithm changes ventilation. City ventilation is focused on subjects like solids into a number of rectangular objects of known thermal comfort for pedestrians as well as removal of dimensions called voxels. This method is also called hazardous substances from urban canyons. This is why voxelization[2,3], as it was introduced earlier in it is a very important aspect of meteorology when an computer graphics. These voxels can later be interpreted emergency response must be carried out in the case of by EULAG as grid boxes containing an immersed a terrorist attack or an accidental release to the boundary. The algorithm uses fairly simple methods like atmosphere. In addition, urban flow is a matter of small ray tracing or angle summation which makes it quite scale (from metre to tens of kilometre) which means simple to program. that it cannot be calculated by mesoscale weather A numerical experiment is being carried out by forecast models. EULAG to investigate what resolution of voxelization is Calculation of flow on the urban scale requires suitable for performing calculations on the urban scale. a representation of buildings in the model computational References domain. Representation of buildings in hydrodynamic [1] J.M. Prusa, P.K. Smolarkiewicz, models is a common issue. Complicated structures are A.A. Wyszogrodzki, 2008: EULAG, a computational often difficult to represent in structured meshes. model for multiscale flows. Comput. Fluids., 37, 1193- A geophysical solver EULAG[1] was made to handle 1207. only structured unstaggered meshes. Because of this the [2] Y. T. Lee, A. Requicha, 1982: Algorithms for computing the volume and other integral properties of mesh can not be fitted to the geometry of solids, but solids. I. known methods and open issues. Commun. solids must be somehow fitted to the mesh. It is ACM, 25, 9, 635-641. a difficult problem, as this kind of representation will [3] Y. T. Lee, A. Requicha, 1982: Algorithms for almost never be perfect. computing the volume and other integral prop- erties of solids. II. A family of algorithms based on An algorithm that is now being proposed is representation conversion and cellular designed to represent buildings on structured meshes of approximation. Commun. ACM, 25, 9, 642-650. EULAG or any other solver that uses structured meshes. It is mainly addressed to the needs of the micro and
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NA-TECH – technological hazards caused by natural events M. Borysiewicz, S. Potempski, G. Siess National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
Natural disasters are one of the sources of hazard in connection with the analysis of the physical-chemical related to chemical plants and critical infrastructures characteristics of the substance. It is also important to such as refineries, pipelines or fuel storage facilities. take into account in an analysis based on fault tree Chemical accidents caused by natural events like method accidents caused by natural disasters that have earthquakes, floods and lightning are commonly already occured. Finally, built in this way the Na-Tech described as Na-Tech. Events of this type occur all over fault tree should include all the scenarios linked with the world leading to mortalities, contamination of the the initiating events triggered by natural causes. environment and economic consequences. One of the In the next 4th step based on the identified damage main problems in most of these events is the states one should calculate the probabilities of damage simultaneous appearance of a natural disaster and by application of models for determination of the a technological accident. Additionally it should be vulnerability of the installation and its weak points. taken into account that releases of dangerous substances This has to be done by using information on the can happen from single or multiple sources, or from parameters characterizing the degree of intensity of several installations at the same time in the area natural threats, which were estimated in the first step. affected by a natural event. Therefore, a special methodology [1] should be developed for the risk The development of the proper models for analysis of such events, which is briefly described simulating possible damage to the installation that can below. be used in QRA (Quantitative Risk Analysis) is a specific problem for applying the presented The starting point of the methodology is the methodology. The models should be relatively simple, analysis of possible natural threats at the location of the on the one hand, but on the other the whole spectrum of installation. Firstly it is important to estimate the possible damage should be taken into consideration. frequency and intensity of natural extreme events based Quite often the models are simply based on the analysis on approaches applied in typical risk analysis. Usually of events that have already occurred events. The at this stage a number of reference events ought to be analysis of consequences can then be performed using identified and for each of them intensity, frequency and typical QRA models. However, it should be considered duration have to be estimated. In consequence a vector that more than one event can occur at the same time, of influence can be determined for any possible natural which means that a number of reference scenarios have disaster. It should be however stressed that at this stage to be evaluated taking into account the domino effect no detailed data on possible damage that may occur in and the possibility of damage to several different the installation must be provided. The aim is the critical elements leading to further escalation of the preparation of input data for the models simulating accident. At the end in the fifth step a consequence damage. analysis for all reference scenarios should be made. In the second step key receptors in the installation Taking into account all these remarks the next three should be identified. The critical elements are those that steps are further necessary in the presented have some potential for causing a major accident due to methodology: the escalation of events, triggered by a natural disaster. - identification of reliable combinations of initiating The intensity of the scenario initiated by natural events, extreme events depends both on the reaction of the - determination of their frequencies, and installation and the properties of hazardous substances - estimation of consequences for any feasible in the plant. In this respect such elements like: combination of the reference scenarios. operational conditions, size of the installation, physical characteristics of stored or processed substance are the Hence, the proposed methodology takes into most important for estimation of the maximum account that a number of simultaneous scenarios of the predicted damage that may occur in the installation. release of dangerous substance caused by natural disasters can happen. This can lead to damage to various The third step of the methodology is devoted to elements, leading to different consequences. In order to linking possible damage to critical elements of the estimate the overall vulnerability of the examined installation identified in the second step. In such a way installation one should take the sum of vulnerabilities the so called damage states (DS.) are defined in order to calculated for each single scenario. determine the degree of the loss of integrity of safety containment in the installation. The fault tree method can be applied for identification of reference scenarios related to different damage states. This should be done
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Such an approach can be applied to all typical Reference elements of industrial installations, both processing [1] M. Borysiewicz, s. Potempski, natural technological plants and storage facilities. The unified ranking of the accidents (in polish) chemia przemysłowa 2013, 5, 556 various installation vulnerabilities to natural disasters can then be obtained.
Webservice for simulating mean pollutant concentrations in the atmosphere M. Korycki National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
In emergency situations, when there has been cy situations, as well as a fuller range of calculations for a dangerous release of chemicals into the atmosphere, the preparation of an environmental impact assessment. various kinds of emergency response can be carried out. The service will be available by internet on the Swierk Due to the multitude of spatial and temporal scales and Computing Centre website. forecasting methods, we can distinguish very many kinds of models that can be used for this purpose. Advanced numerical weather forecast models often require high computing power and large amounts of data. In addition, the complex physics programmed in these models and the numerical methods used require a wide knowledge of the user. In addition, interpretation of the results of such a model is a non-trivial task. One of the simplest models for calculating dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere is the Passquill model. It calculates the average hourly pollutant concentrations assuming a number of simplifications. The results obta-ined using the Pasquill formulas are easy to interpret and these calculations do not require high computatio-nal power. As a result, the Passquill model can provide rapid preliminary forecast giving a picture of an emer-gency when a more advanced model is still calculating the forecast.
In NCBJ a web service was deployed performing Fig. 1: Mean concentration of pollutant. calculations of pollutant dispersion using the equations introduced by Passquilla. The service has been deaigned both for the possibility of carrying out a simple simu- lation of the rapid spread of contamination in emergen-
Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazards 261
An application of value tree analysis within risk informed decision making at nuclear facilities M. Borysiewicz, K. Kowal, S. Potempski National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
A new model of decision-making at nuclear facili- financial indicators that might be achieved as a result of ties has recently been developed by the International the decision implementation in terms of the current Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This approach is cur- values. rently promoted as IRIDM - Integrated Risk In-formed In both cases, when α > 1 the implementation Decision Making. IRIDM is recommended by the IAEA of a particular decision has a positive effect on the as a well-organized, structural, transparent and auditable considered parameter by increasing the safety margins model where qualitatively different in-puts, e.g. results or financial indicators. When 0 < α < 1 the decision of Deterministic Safety Assessment (DSA), would change the considered parameter negatively. Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) and economic For α < 0 the particular decision cannot be implemented issues are integrated. The relative importance of the because it would exceed the acceptance criteria. inputs depends on the decision to be made and should If α = 1 no change is expected after the decision be weighted quantitatively only possible. implementation. Assigning the weights, however, is quite subjective and is based mainly on engineering judgment. This is the main disadvantage of the overall IRIDM process and needs to be improved in order to make it applicable in the nuclear industry. Moreover, practical IRIDM im- plementation usually involves several decision makers which complicates the process because of conflict-ing views that can make a consensus unreachable [1]. An improvement in such a situation can be achieved by definition and application of the value function val for each attribute of the IRIDM inputs (Fig. 1). The function should have the following properties: if x~y then val(x)=val(y) i.e. if two attributes give the same impact then their weights are equal, and if x 262 Annual Report 2013 Usability of the iridm methodology in optimization of the fuel conversion procedure of the research reactor MARIA M. Borysiewicz1, K. Kowal1, P. Prusiński1, M. Dąbrowski2 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Świerk, Poland 2National Atomic Energy Agency, Warsaw, Poland When it acceded to Global Threat Reduction In order to find the optimal solution for this Initiative Poland committed to convert the nuclear fuel problem the IRIDM methodology has been proposed. of the MARIA Research Reactor that is currently used IRIDM is a well-organized, structural, transparent and for radioisotope production on a global scale. The auditable model of decision making where qualitatively conversion means giving up the high enriched uranium different inputs, e.g. results of Deterministic Safety fuel (HEU) containing 36% of U-235 and replacing it Assessment (DSA), Probabilistic Safety Assessment with the enriched uranium fuel – LEU (19.7% U-235). (PSA) and economic issues are integrated. This article describes the usability of the Integrated Risk During this study three possible options were Informed Decision Making (IRIDM) methodology in analysed. Option 1 (full conversion without changes in optimization of the conversion process [1]. the cooling system) was recognised as the best solution Since the fuel conversion leads to a decrease in from the economic point of view. Radioisotopes can be U-235 enrichment the volume of fuel itself has to be produced continuously and no additional changes in the greater in order to maintain approximately the same organizational system are needed. However, this option thermal power. For that reason the present fuel channel has an overall negative impact on both DSA and PSA. configuration – based on 6 concentric tubes (Fig. 1) – This is because the primary cooling channel pumps are will be replaced with a new one, which consists of only not efficient enough to provide appropriate mass flow 5 tubes but with different diameters and thicknesses. after conversion. Consequently the safety margins cannot be maintained. Therefore, this option was rejected due to the highest negative impact on the safety aspects. Option 2 (replacement of the pumps before fuel conversion) was the best solution in terms of safety. However, this option assumes a long-term shutdown of the reactor. This generates significant economic losses associated with interruption of isotope production. Additionally, it needs some changes in the Fig. 1. Horizontal cross section of the high enriched organizational system at the time of the replacement uranium fuel element process. These are the main reasons why option 2 was rejected as well. These differences lead to significant changes in the Option 3 (partial core conversion before change of thermal-hydraulic parameters inside the core. The the pumps starting from the most burned-up HEU fuel) maximum heat flux on the external wall of the fuel tube has been chosen even though there is a slightly negative 2 is 2.61 and 2.04 MW/m for LEU and HEU impact on both safety and economic aspects. Moreover, respectively. Moreover, the coefficient of hydraulic additional requirements, meaning criteria on power resistance for LEU elements exceeds by around 30% the limits, have been proposed. Due to the power limits resistance coefficient for HEU. The required coolant slightly lower production of isotopes is expected. flow rate through the new fuel channel is at least However, the economic losses are not as high as in 30 m3/h while for HEU fuel it is equal to 25 m3/h. This option 2. Thus option 3 is much safer than the first one implies the necessity of increasing the mass flow in the and still very attractive economically. This is also the new channels up to 120% of the previous nominal flow. most balanced solution in terms of risk distribution Since the existing infrastructure is not sufficient to between different IRIDM inputs. increase the mass flow, this process requires Reference replacement of the primary cooling channel pumps [1] M. Borysiewicz et al., An application of IRIDM in the which makes the full conversion impossible without decision making process on fuel conversion of the Maria additional investment. Reactor, Informatics Control Measurement in Economy and Environment Protection, 03/2013, pp. 3-6 Nuclear Techniques in Health and Environmental Protection, Management of Hazards 263 Development of a model for hazard area assessment based on an early warning monitoring system M. Borysiewicz, O. Dorosh, K. Gomulski, H. Jędrzejec, S. Potempski, G. Siess, A. Wasiuk, H. Wojciechowicz National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock-Swierk, Poland This work has been performed within the National During the last stage of the project a prototype Strategic Programme on: “Improvement of Safety computer system has been developed. The main features Labour and Conditions” coordinated by the Central of this system are as follows: Institute for Labour Protection [1]. The project aimed at a) The system has been implemented as a web-based the development of a real-time information system on application. hazards caused by major accidents for application in b) Monitoring data are visualized on a digital map as crisis management system. The first two years were an effect of geostatistical interpolation, typical devoted to the development of models and algorithms results are: probability of exceeding some for realistic determination of hazardous areas based on threshold, values of the mean, variance, median or data from early warning monitoring systems. The any percentile (Fig. 1). approach was based on the Bayesian formulation of the c) The user can define special points i.e. receptors, geostatistical methods. Apart from quite typical where the values of the concentration of universal krigging more specialized techniques have dangerous substances are of the highest interest, been taken into consideration and implemented: and some interpolation parameters (for example a) Sequential methods: iterative procedure for whether to consider data anisotropy). determination of the probability of a posteriori d) The system contains a special model for distribution via a projected gaussian spatial determining the possible source of the release of process. dangerous substance based on the measurement b) Transgaussian methods utilizing transformation to data from monitoring systems. a Gaussian distribution combined with sequential methods. The developed system is planned to be c) Krigging based on statistical copulas allowing for operationally implemented in chemical plants and identification of “hot spots”. linked with the current environmental monitoring system. In order to estimate uncertainties in data and the results of geostatistical interpolation it is assumed that References the parameters characterizing spatial distribution of [1] M. Borysiewicz, K. Gomulski, S. Potempski, concentration of hazardous substance, like mean or Computerized real-time system on hazards related to variance also can be treated as random quantities. This major accidents utilizing geographical information means that one can use standard deviation (or any other systems (in Polish), to appear in Chemia moment) as an indicator of the results’ uncertainty. Przemysłowa, 2014 Fig. 1. Main screen of the system: probability of exceeding threshold. 264 Annual Report 2013 V. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALs 1. NanoParticle Direct Doping: Novel method for manufacturing threedimensional bulk plasmonic nanocomposites M. Gajc, ... , K. Zdunek, ... et al. Advanced Functional Materials Vol. 23 No 27 (2013) 3443 2. A clustering approach in the URQMD transport model for nuclear collisions at relativistic energies V. Mitsyn, G. Musulmanbekov, T.I. Mikhailova, G.A. Ososkov, A. Polański Friendship University of Russia Bulletin. (2013) 3. Deuteron disintegration, thermonuclear and nuclear fission reactions induced by-Quanta in D-saturated palladium and dense deuterium gas with synthesis of new structures. A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska Journal of Surface Investigation, X-ray, Synchro-tron and Neutron Techniques No 7 (2013) 239-247 4. Effect of combined local variations in elastic and inelastic energy losses on the morphology of tracks in ion-irradiated materials I. Jozwik-Biala, ... , J. Jagielski, ... et al. Acta Materialia Vol. 61 (2013) 4669 5. Structural stability of Nd2Zr2O7 pyrochlore ion-irradiatedin a broad energy range G. Sattonnay, ... , J. Jagielski, ... et al. Acta Materialia Vol. 61 (2013) 6492 6. Analysis of Crystal Lattice Deformation by Ion Channeling P. Jóźwik, ... , N. Sathish, L. Nowicki, J. Jagielski, A. Turos, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 123 (2013) 828 7. Drying kinetics of particulate corundum layers K. Cmiel, J.J. Milczarek, L. Bam, I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, Z. Jurkowski, J. Żołądek Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 124 No 6 (2013) 1029 8. Effect of Temperature on the Ion Beam Induced Luminescence of Oxide Powders Doped with Rare Earth Elements G. Gawlik, G. Panczer, N. Moncoffre, J. Jagielski Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 123 No 5 (2013) 920 9. Enrichment of AISI 316L Steel Surface Layer with Rare Earth Elements Using Ion Beams B. Sartowska, L. Waliś, W. Starosta, M. Barlak, C. Pochrybniak, E. Kowalska Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 123 No 5 (2013) 822-824 10. Inelastic Neutron Scattering Investigation of Magnetic Excitations in the Quenched and Decomposed Samples of the Mn0.75Cu0.25 Alloy J. Jankowska-Kisielińska, K. Świderska Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 124 (2013) 990 11. Production of Doubly Charged Ions Using a Hollow Cathode Ion Source with an Evaporator M. Turek, A. Droździel, K. Pyszniak, D. Mączka, B. Słowiński Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 123 No 5 (2013) 843 12. RBS/Channeling Analysis of Zinc Oxide Films Grown at Low Temperature by Atomic Layer Deposition R. Ratajczak, ... , A. Stonert, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 123 No 5 (2013) 899 List of Publications 265 13. Structural and Functional Properties of Ion Beam Modified Elastomers J. Jagielski, U. Ostaszewska, D. Bielinski, A. Piatkowska, M. Romaniec Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 123 No 5 (2013) 888 14. Synchrotron Diffraction Topography in Studying of the Defect Structure in Crystas Grown by the Czochralski Method W. Wierzchowski, ... , K. Wieteska, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 124 No 2 (2013) 350 15. The Effect of Sodium Chloride on the Process of Drying of Porous Media I. Fijał-Kirejczyk, J.J. Milczarek, Z. Jurkowski, J. Żołądek Acta Phys. Pol. A Vol. 124 No 6 (2013) 1025 16. ALICE Pb–Pb AND p–Pb results D. Miskowiec, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 (2013) 1553-1567 17. Elastic Scattering of 8He + 208Pb at 22 MeV G. Marquinez-Duran, ... , K. Rusek, N. Keeley, I. Strojek, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 3 (2013) 467 18. Energy Loss in Unstable Qquark-Gluon Plasma with Extremely Prolate Momentum Distribution M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 6 No 2 (2013) 545 19. Higgs boson in the standard model and other highlights of SM measurements M. Bluj Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 11 (2013) 2087 20. Masses of heaviest deformed nuclides R. Smolańczuk Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 (2013) 779 21. Odd-parity Sn-100 core excitations M. Palacz, ... , M. Moszyński, D. Wolski, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 (2013) 491 22. Recent Measurements of θ13 Mixing Angle in Neutrino Oscillation Experiments P. Przewłocki Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 11 (2013) 2295 23. Results on Heavy-Ion Physics with the CMS detector at the LHC B. Boimska Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 7 (2013) 1363 24. Search for the MSSM Higgs bosons with the CMS detector at the LHC M. Szleper Acta Phys. Pol. B Vol. 44 No 7 (2013) 1603-1616 25. Searches for supersymmetry with the CMS detector at the LHC M. Kazana Acta Phys. Pol B Vol. 44 (2013) 1509 26. Application of Compressive Sensing Theory for the Reconstruction of Signals in Plastic Scintillators L. Raczyński, ... , P. Kowalski, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. B Proc. Suppl. Vol. 6 (2013) 1121 266 Annual Report 2013 27. Application of compressive sensing theory for the reconstruction of signals in polymer scintilators L. Raczyński, P. Kowalski Acta Phys. Pol. B Proc. Suppl. Vol. 6 No 4 (2013) 1121-1127 28. Precision Measurements of Hadronic Contributions to Muon Anomaly with the KLOE Detector K. Bloise, ... , W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Acta Phys. Pol. B Proc. Suppl. Vol. 6 (2013) 1085 29. 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Antonello, ... , J. Łagoda, J. Stepaniak, R. Sulej, ... et al. Adv. High E Phys Vol. 2013 (2013) 260820 35. Grand canonical minority game as a sign predictor K. Wawrzyniak, W. Wiślicki Adv. in Intelligent Systems and Computing Vol. 229 (2013) 201-212 36. Parallax in „Pi of the Sky” project A. Majcher, ... , M. Sokołowski, T. Batsch, A. Ćwiek, A. Majczyna, K. Nawrocki, G. Wrochna, ... et al. Adv. Space Res. Vol. 52 (2013) 1349 37. Central diffraction in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV with ALICE at LHC F. Reidt, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 1523 (2013) 17 38. Comparison of LOPES measurements with CoREAS and REAS 3.11 simulations M. Ludwig, ... , P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski, ... et al. AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 1535 (2013) 84-88 39. Cosmic Ray Measurements with LOPES: Status and Recent Results F. Schröder, ... , P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski, ... et al. AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 1535 (2013) 78 40. 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Dąbrowski Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w gospodarce i ochronie środowiska Vol. 2 (2013) 22-34 127. Synthesis of new structures in dense deuterium gas and deuterated palladium under nuclear reactions induced by gamma-quanta A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski Inorganic Materials:Applied Research Vol. 4 No 3 (2013) 193-200 128. Backward angle structure in the 20Ne + 28Si quasielastic scattering O. Sgouros, ... , N. Keeley, I. Strojek, E. Piasecki, K. Rusek, ... et al. Int. J. Mod. Phys. E Vol. 22 (2013) 1350073 40 99m 129. Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Imaging with [Lys (Ahx-HYNIC- Tc/EDDA)NH2]-Exendin-4 for the Diagnosis of Recurrence or Dissemination of Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Preliminary Report D. Pach, ... , R. Mikołajczak, B. Janota, ... et al. Int. J. of Endocrinology (2013) 130. A first search for coincident gravitational waves and high energy neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007 S. Adrian-Martinez, ... , A. Królak, A. Zadrożny, ... et al. J. Cosm. Astroparticle Phys. Vol. 1306 (2013) 008 274 Annual Report 2013 131. Dynamical complexity of the Brans-Dicke cosmology O. Hrycyna, M. Szydłowski J. Cosm. Astroparticle Phys. Vol. 12 (2013) 016 132. Confronting Mueller-Navelet jets in NLL BFKL with LHC experiments at 7 TeV B. Ducloué, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1305 (2013) 096 133. Entropy currents from holography in hydrodynamics with charge G. Plewa, M. Spaliński J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 07 (2013) 062 134. First evidence for the two-body charmless baryonic decay B0→pp R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, T. Palczewski, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1310 (2013) 005 + - 135. First measurement of time-dependent CP violation in Bs -> K K decays R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, T. Palczewski, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 10 (2013) 183 136. Gravitino dark matter with constraints from Higgs boson mass and sneutrino decays L. Roszkowski, S. Trojanowski, K. Turzynski, K. Jedamzik J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1303 (2013) 013 137. Jet and underlying event properties as a function of charged-particle multiplicity in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1312 (2013) 030 138. Measurement of charm fragmentation fractions in photoproduction at HERA H. Abramowicz, ... , M. Adamus, P. Pluciński, T. Tymieniecka, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1309 (2013) 058 139. Measurement of D± production in deep inelastic ep scattering with the ZEUS detector at HERA H. Abramowicz, ... , M. Adamus, P. Pluciński, T. Tymieniecka, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1305 (2013) 023 140. Measurement of D∗± production in deep inelastic scattering at HERA H. Abramowicz, ... , M. Adamus, P. Pluciński, T. Tymieniecka, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1305 (2013) 097 141. Measurement of inelastic J/ψ and ψ′ photoproduction at HERA H. Abramowicz, ... , M. Adamus, P. Pluciński, T. Tymieniecka, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1302 (2013) 071 142. Measurement of the cross section and angular correlations for associated production of a Z boson with b hadrons in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1312 (2013) 039 143. Measurement of the differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 12 (2013) 030 List of Publications 275 144. Measurement of the hadronic activity in events with a Z and two jets and extraction of the cross section for the electroweak production of a Z with two jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1310 (2013) 101 145. Measurement of the production cross section for Zγ --> ννˉγ in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV and limits on ZZγ and Zγγ triple gauge boson couplings S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 10 (2013) 164 146. Measurement of the t t-bar production cross section in the all-jet final state in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1305 (2013) 065 147. Measurement of the W-boson helicity in top-quark decays from ttˉ production in lepton+jets events in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 10 (2013) 167 148. Measurement of the X(3872) production cross section via decays to J/psi pi pi in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1304 (2013) 154 149. Measurement of the ZZ production cross section and search for anomalous couplings in 2l2l, final states in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. S. Chatrchyan, ... , M. Bluj, H. Białkowska, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1301 (2013) 063 0 150. Measurement of the Λb lifetime in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 07 (2013) 163 151. Measurement of η meson production in γγ interactions and Γ(η→γγ) with the KLOE detector D. Babusci, ... , W. Wiślicki, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1301 (2013) 119 152. Multiplicity dependence of two-particle azimuthal correlations in pp collisions at the LHC B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 09 (2013) 049 153. Observation of a new boson with mass near 125 GeV in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 and 8 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 06 (2013) 081 + + - + 154. Observation of the decay B c → J/ψ K K π R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 10 (2013) 11 276 Annual Report 2013 155. On the gravity dual of strongly coupled charged plasma M. Spaliński, G. Plewa J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 05 (2013) 02 156. Saturation effects in exclusive rhoT, rhoL meson electroproduction A. Besse, L. Szymanowski, S. Wallon J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1311 (2013) 062 157. Search for exotic resonances decaying into WZ/ZZ in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1302 (2013) 036 158. Search for heavy quarks decaying into a top quark and a W or Z boson using lepton + jets events in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1301 (2013) 154 159. Search for microscopic black holes in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 07 (2013) 178 160. Search for narrow resonances and quantum black holes in inclusive and b-tagged dijet mass spectra from pp collisions at √s =7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1301 (2013) 013 161. Search for new physics in events with photons, jets, and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. S. Chatrchyan, ... , M. Bluj, H. Białkowska, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1303 (2013) 111 162. Search for new physics in events with same-sign dileptons and b jets in pp collisions at √s =8 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1303 (2013) 037 163. Search for supersymmetry in final states with missing transverse energy and 0, 1, 2, or at least 3 b-quark jets in 7 TeV pp collisions using the variable alphaT. S. Chatrchyan, ... , M. Bluj, H. Białkowska, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1301 (2013) 077 164. Search for the doubly charmed baryon Ξ+cc R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1312 (2013) 090 165. Search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a top-quark pair in pp collisions at the LHC S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 05 (2013) 145 List of Publications 277 166. Search in leptonic channels for heavy resonances decaying to long-lived neutral particles. S. Chatrchyan, ... , M. Bluj, H. Białkowska, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1302 (2013) 085 167. Searches for long-lived charged particles in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 and 8 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 07 (2013) 122 168. Studies of jet mass in dijet and W/Z+jet events S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 05 (2013) 090 0 0 + - 0 0 ± ± 0 + - 169. Study of B(s) →Ks h h` decays with first observation of Bs → Ks K π and Bs → Ks π π K. Kurek, ... , T. Palczewski, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 10 (2013) 143 170. Study of exclusive two-photon production of W+W− in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV and constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 07 (2013) 116 171. Study of the underlying event at forward rapidity in pp collisions at √s = 0.9, 2.76, and 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 04 (2013) 072 172. Two ultimate tests of constrained supersymmetry K. Kowalska, E. Sessolo, L. Roszkowski J. High Energy Phys. Vol. 1306 (2013) 078 173. Performance of the ALICE VZERO system E. Abbas, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. J. Instrum. Vol. 8 (2013) P0016 174. Review of axino dark matter K.Y. Choi, J.E. Kim, L. Roszkowski J. Korean Phys Soc Vol. 63 No 9 (2013) 1685 175. CaF2(Eu): An “old”scintillator revisited C. Plettner, ... , M. Grodzicka, T. Szczęśniak, J. Iwanowska, M. Moszyński, ... et al. J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) P06010 176. Characterization of 2x2ch MPPC Array at a Wide Temperature Range (-20 st. C to +22 st. C) M. Grodzicka, M. Moszyński, T. Szczęśniak, K. Grodzicki, M. Szawłowski, W. Czarnacki, J. Baszak J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) P07007 177. Characterization of 4x4ch MPPC Array in Scintillation Spectrometry M. Grodzicka, M. Moszyński, T. Szczęśniak, M. Szawłowski, J. Baszak J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) P09020 278 Annual Report 2013 178. Energy calibration and resolution of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) P09009 179. Energy resolution of small scintillation detectors with SiPM light readout M. Grodzicka, M. Moszyński, T. Szczęśniak, M. Kapusta, M. Szawłowski, D. Wolski J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) P02017 180. Extensive studies on light yield non-proportional response of undoped CeF3 at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures W. Klamra, P. Sibczyński, M. Moszyński, W. Czarnacki, V. Kozlov J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) 06003 181. Identification of b-quark jets with the CMS experiment S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) P04013 182. The performance of the CMS muon detector in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. J. of Instr. Vol. 8 (2013) P11002 183. (Anti-)matter and hyper-matter production at the LHC with ALICE N. Martin, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. 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Hadronic resonance production in pp and Pb–Pb collisions at LHC with the ALICE experiment A. Badala, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. J. of Phys. Conf. S. Vol. 455 (2013) 012003 189. J/ Measurements with the ALICE Experiment at the LHC Ch. Blume, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. J. of Phys. Conf. S. Vol. 458 (2013) 012010 190. Jet measurements in proton-proton collisions with the ALICE experiment at LHC M. Vajzer, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. J. of Phys. Conf. S. Vol. 446 (2013) 012004 List of Publications 279 191. KASCADE-Grande observation of features in the cosmic ray spectrum between knee and ankle A. Haungs, ... , P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski, ... et al. J. of Phys. Conf. S. Vol. 409 (2013) 012005 192. Low-mass dielectron measurement in pp and Pb–Pb collisions in ALICE MarkusK. Koehler, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. 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Vol. 409 (2013) 012095 197. 7Be, 8B+208Pb Elastic Scattering at Above-Barrier Energies J.S. Wang, ... , N. Keeley, K. Rusek, ... et al. J. of Phys.: Conf. S. Vol. 420 (2013) 012075 198. Primary Cosmic Rays with Energies above 1E15 eV - Rapporteur Review of Poster Presentations at the 23rd ECRS - Session PCR-2 J. Szabelski J. of Phys.: Conf. S. Vol. 409 (2013) 012010 199. The JEM-EUSO time synchronization system and EUSO-BALLOON Data Processor G. Osteria, ... , T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig, ... et al. J. of Phys.: Conf. S. Vol. 409 (2013) 012106 200. The Peak and Window Searching Technique for the EUSO Simulation and Analysis Framework - Impact on the Angular Reconstruction of EAS A. Guzman, ... , T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig, ... et al. J. of Phys.: Conf. S. Vol. 409 (2013) 012104 201. Some exact solutions to the Lighthill Whitham Richards Payne traffic flow equations G. 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Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 112009 477. Measurement of high-Q2 neutral current deep inelastic e+p scattering cross section with a longitudinally polarized positron beam at HERA H. Abramowicz,…., M. Adamus, P. Pluciński, T. Tymieniecka, ….et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 5 478. Measurement of the Cross Section for High-pT Hadron Production in Scattering of 160 GeV/c Muons off Nucleons C. Adolph, ... , K. Klimaszewski, K. Kurek, E. Rondio, A. Sandacz, R. Sulej, P. Sznajder, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 88 (2013) 091101 479. Measurement of the inclusive NuMu charged current cross section on carbon in the near detector of the T2K experiment K. Abe, ... , K. Kowalik, J. Łagoda, P. Mijakowski, P. Przewłocki, E. Rondio, M. Szeptycka, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 092003 List of Publications 301 480. Measurement of the polarization amplitudes in B0→J/ψK∗(892)0 decays A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 88 (2013) 052002 481. Measurements of differential jet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV with the CMS detector S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 112002 482. Multiplicities of charged pions and kaons from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering by the proton and the deuteron. A. Airapetian, ... , W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 074029 483. Natural MSSM after the 8 TeV LHC run K. Kowalska, E. Sessolo Phys. Rev. D Vol. D88 (2013) 075001 484. Observation of a diffractive contribution to dijet production in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 012006 + + + ∗+ 485. Observation of B c→J/ψD s and B c→J/ψD s decays A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 112012 + + 486. Observation of the decay B c→ψ(2S)π A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 071103 487. Parameter estimation for compact binary coalescence signals with the first generationgravitational-wave detector network J. Aasi, ... , A. Królak, A. Zadrożny, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 88 (2013) 062001 488. Quantum states of the bouncing universe J-P. Gazeau, J. Mielczarek, W. Piechocki Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 123508 489. Rapidity distributions in exclusive Z+jet and γ+jet events in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 88 (2013) 112009 490. Search for contact interactions in opposite-sign dimuon events in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 032001 491. Search for contact interactions using the inclusive jet pT spectrum in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 052017 302 Annual Report 2013 492. Search for fractionally charged particles in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. S. Chatrchyan, ... , M. Bluj, H. Białkowska, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 092008 493. Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown in LIGO-Virgo data from 2009– 2010 J. Aasi, ... , A. Królak, A. Zadrożny, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 122002 494. Search for narrow resonances using the dijet mass spectrum in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 114015 495. Search for new physics in final states with a lepton and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at the LHC S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 072005 496. Search for supersymmetry in events with opposite-sign dileptons and missing transverse energy using an artificial neural network S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 072001 497. Search for supersymmetry in final states with a single lepton, b-quark jets, and missing transverse energy in proton- proton collisions at √s =7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 052006 0 ∗∓ ± 498. Search for the decay B s→D π A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 071101 499. Search for Z, resonances decaying to ttbar in dilepton+jets final states in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. S. Chatrchyan, ... , M. Bluj, H. Białkowska, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 072002 500. Simultaneous enhancement in gamma.gamma, b.b-bar and tau+.tau- rates in the NMSSM with nearly degenerate scalar and pseudoscalar Higgs bosons S. Munir, L. Roszkowski, S. Trojanowski Phys. Rev. D Vol. 88 (2013) 055017 501. Studies of the decays B+→ppbar h+ and observation of B+→Λbar(1520)pA. Ukleja, M. Szczekowski A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 88 (2013) 052015 502. Study of B0→D∗−π+π−π+ and B0→D∗−K+π−π+ decays A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 092001 503. The Constrained NMSSM with a 125 GeV Higgs boson -- A global analysis K. Kowalska, S. Munir, L. Roszkowski, E. Sessolo, S. Trojanowski, Y. Tsai Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 115010 List of Publications 303 504. The T2K Neutrino Flux Prediction K. Abe, ... , K. Kowalik, J. Łagoda, P. Mijakowski, P. Przewłocki, E. Rondio, R. Sulej, M. Szeptycka, ... et al. Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 012001 505. Timelike and spacelike deeply virtual Compton scattering at next-to-leading order H. Moutarde, B. Pire, F. Sabatié, L. Szymanowski, J. Wagner Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 054029 506. Tsallis fits to pT spectra and multiple hard scattering in pp collisions at the LHC C.-Y. Wong, G. Wilk Phys. Rev. D Vol. 87 (2013) 114007 507. Wigner Functional of Fermionic Fields St. Mrówczyński Phys. Rev. D (2013) 065026 0 508. K S and Λ Production in Pb-Pb Collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 222301 509. Charge separation relative to the reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 012301 510. D Meson Elliptic Flow in Noncentral Pb-Pb Collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 102301 511. Determination of the X(3872) meson quantum numbers A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 222001 512. Direct Observation of Long-Lived Isomers in 212Bi L. Chen, ... , Z. Patyk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. No 110 (2013) 122502 513. Directed Flow of Charged Particles at Midrapidity Relative to the Spectator Plane in Pb-Pb Collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 232302 514. Evidence for associated production of a single top quark and W boson in pp collisions at 7 TeV. S. Chatrchyan, ... , M. Bluj, H. Białkowska, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 022003 515. Evidence for the Appearance of Atmospheric Tau Neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande P. Mijakowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 181802 0 + − 516. First Evidence for the Decay B s→μ μ A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 021801 0 517. First measurement of the CP-violating phase in B s→ϕϕ decays A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 241802 304 Annual Report 2013 0 518. First observation of CP violation in the decays of B s mesons A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 221601 ∗ 0 ∗+ − 0 519. First observation of the decay B s2(5840) →B K and studies of excited B s mesons A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 151803 520. Inclusive search for supersymmetry using the razor variables in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 081802 521. J/Ψ Elliptic Flow in Pb-Pb Collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV E. Abbas, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 162301 522. Limited Asymmetry Dependence of Correlations from Single Nucleon Transfer F. Flavigny, ... , N. Keeley, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 122503 523. Measurement of associated production of vector bosons and ttbar at √s= 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 172002 524. Measurement of CP violation in the phase space of B±→K±π+π− and B±→K±K+K− decays A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 101801 525. Measurement of D0-D0bar mixing parameters and search for CP violation using D0->K+pi- decays R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 251801 526. Measurement of form-factor independent observables in the decay B0→K*0 μ+μ- R. Aaij, K. Kurek, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 191801 527. Measurement of J/ψ Azimuthal Anisotropy in Au+Au Collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV L. Adamczyk, ... , A. Sandacz, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. (2013) 52301 528. Measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters from muon neutrino disappearance with an off-axis beam K. Abe, ... , J. Łagoda, P. Mijakowski, P. Przewłocki, E. Rondio, J. Zalipska, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 211803 529. Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of neutral pions in PbPb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 042301 0 + − 0 + − 530. Measurement of the B s --> μ μ branching fraction and search for B --> μ μ with the CMS Experiment S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 101804 List of Publications 305 0 + - 0 + - 531. Measurement of the B s→μ μ branching fraction and search for B →μ μ decays at the LHCb experiment K. Kurek, ... , T. Palczewski, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 101805 532. Measurement of the CP asymmetry in B+→K+μ+μ- decays R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, T. Palczewski, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 151801 533. Measurement of the CP asymmetry in B0→K∗0μ+μ− decays A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 031801 0b − − 534. Measurement of the Λ , Ξ b and Ω b baryon masses A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 182001 535. Measurement of the Υ(1S), Υ(2S) and Υ(3S) polarizations in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 081802 536. Net–Charge Fluctuations in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 152301 537. Observation of a resonance in B+→K+μ+μ- decays at low recoil R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, T. Palczewski, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 112003 538. Observation of an energy-dependent difference in elliptic flow between particles and antiparticles in relativistic heavy ion collisions L. Adamczyk, ... , A. Sandacz, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 142301 539. Observation of D0−Dbar0 oscillations A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 101802 0 0 + 540. Observation of the decay B c→B s π R. Aaij, ... , K. Kurek, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 181801 0 541. Precision measurement of the Λ b barion lifetime R. Aaij, ... , T. Palczewski, M. Szczekowski, A. Ukleja, W. Wiślicki, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 102003 542. Pseudorapidity Density of Charged Particles in p+Pb Collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 032301 543. Search for pair production of third-generation leptoquarks and top squarks in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, R. Gokieli, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 081810 306 Annual Report 2013 544. Search for pair-produced dijet resonances in four-jet final states in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 141802 0 + − + − 545. Search for rare B (s)→μ μ μ μ decays A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 211801 0 ± ∓ 0 ± ∓ 546. Search for the lepton-flavor violating decays B s→e μ and B →e μ A. Ukleja, ... , M. Szczekowski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 141801 547. Search for top squarks in R-parity-violating supersymmetry using three or more leptons and b-tagged jets S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 221801 548. Searches for anomalous ttbar production in pp collisions at √s=8 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 211804 549. Searches for new physics using the ttbar invariant mass distribution in pp collisions at √s =8 TeV S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 111 (2013) 211804 550. Study of the mass and spin-parity of the Higgs boson candidate via its decays to Z boson pairs S. Chatrchyan, ... , H. Białkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Fruboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K. Nawrocki, K. Romanowska-Rybińska, M. Szleper, G. Wrochna, P. Zalewski, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 081803 551. Transverse Momentum Distribution and Nuclear Modification Factor of Charged Particles in p+Pb Collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV B. Abelev, ... , A. Deloff, I. Ilkiv, P. Kurashvili, T. Siemiarczuk, G. Wilk, ... et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 110 (2013) 082302 552. Characterization of a superconducting Pb photocathodes in a superconducting rf photoinjector cavity R. Barday, R. Nietubyć Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams Vol. 16 (2013) 123402 553. Beta decay of highly charged ions F. Bosh, ... , Z. Patyk, ... et al. Phys. Scr. Vol. T156 (2013) 014025 554. Calculations of synthesis cross sections of Z=104-113 superheavy nuclei in the fusion-by-diffusion model with the Warsaw macro-micro-model fission barriers K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, T. Cap, M. Kowal, J. Wilczyński Phys. Scr. Vol. T154 (2013) 014005 555. Detection and identification of large fragments from the partitioning of the 197Au + 197Au system at 23A MeV T. Cap, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, I. Skwira-Chalot, J. Wilczyński Phys. Scr. Vol. T154 (2013) 014007 List of Publications 307 556. Half-life measurements of highly charged radionuclides D.R. Atanasov, ... , Z. Patyk, ... et al. Phys. Scr. Vol. T156 (2013) 014025 557. Quality of theoretical masses in various regions of the nuclear chart A. Sobiczewski, Yu.A. Litvinov Phys. Scr. Vol. T154 No 014001 (2013) 558. Spin polarization of conduction electrons and electronic structure of gadolinium M. Pylak, L. Dobrzyński, H. Sormann Phys. Scr. Vol. 88 (2013) 035708 559. Transport Coefficients for a Slow Fermi-Particle Motion J. Błocki, A. Magner Phys. Scr. Vol. T154 (2013) 014006 560. Influence of lutetium content on the scintillation properties in (LuxY1-x)AlO3:Ce single crystals W. Chewpraditkul, A. Phunpueok, T. Szczęśniak, M. Moszyński, V. Babin, M. Nikl Phys. Status Solidi A Vol. 210 No 9 (2013) 1903 561. A study of selected properties of rhenium sulphide dispersion D. Pawlak, J.L. Parus, E. Skwarek, W. Janusz Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process. Vol. 50 No 1 (2013) 387-397 562. Changes of surface structure and elemental composition of components of deuterium high -pressure chamber with Pd Rod inside irradiated with 10-MeV gamma quanta in dense deuterium gas A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska Physics of Particle and Nuclei Letters Vol. 10 No 7 (2013) 1-13 563. Changes of surface structure and elemental composition of Pd Rod and Collector of nuclear reaction products irradiated with 10-MeV gamma quanta in dense deuterium gas A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska Physics of Particle and Nuclei Letters Vol. 10 No 7 (2013) 1-16 564. Nuclear reactions in deuterated palladium and rhenium irradiated by gamma-quanta with a continuous spectrum at a threshold energy of 23 MeV in dense deuterium gas A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski Physics of Particle and Nuclei Letters Vol. 10 No 4 (2013) 381-392 565. Quantitative agent based model of user behavior in an internet discussion forum P. Sobkowicz PLOS One Vol. 8 (2013) e80524 566. Charm mixing and CP violation at LHCb A. Ukleja PoS Beauty Vol. 2013 (2013) 034 567. Изменения свойств поверхности и элементного состава компонентов камеры высокого давления с Pd-стержнем внутри, облученных 11 МэВ-ными γ-квантами в плотном дейтерии. A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska Preprint OIJAI Vol. P15 No 20 (2013) 568. Изменения структуры поверхности и элементного состава Pd-стержня и сборника продуктов ядерных и химических реакций, облученных 11 МэВ-ными γ-квантами в плотном дейтерии. A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski, T. Wilczyńska-Kitowska Preprint OIJAI Vol. P15 No 15 (2013) 308 Annual Report 2013 569. Результаты по облучению алюминия и гомогенного сплава YMn2 γ-квантами с энергией 23 МэВ в атмосфере молекулярного дейтерия при давлении 2 кбар. A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski Preprint OIJAI Vol. P15 No 41 (2013) 22 570. Результаты по облучению нержавеющей стали и меди γ-квантами с энергией 23 МэВ в атмосфере молекулярного дейтерия при давлении 2 кбар. A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski Preprint OIJAI Vol. P15 No 42 (2013) 571. Optical Emission Spectroscopy of Free-Propagating Plasma Streams and Plasma Produced During Their Interactions with Solid Targets E. Składnik-Sadowska, ... , R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, ... et al. Probl. Atom. Sci. Technol., Series Plasma Phys. Vol. 83 No 1 (2013) 279-283 572. Passive Corpuscular Diagnostics of Charged Particles Emission From High-Temperature Plasma Experiments M.J. Sadowski, ... , K. Czaus, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, E. Składnik-Sadowska, J. Żebrowski, ... et al. Probl. Atom. Sci. Technol., Series Plasma Phys. Vol. 83 No 1 (2013) 252-257 573. Progress in mass- and energy-analysis of ion beams emitted from RPI plasma discharges K. Czaus, E. Składnik-Sadowska, M.J. Sadowski, R. Kwiatkowski, K. Malinowski, J. Żebrowski Probl. Atom. Sci. Technol., Series Plasma Phys. Vol. 83 No 1 (2013) 261-263 574. Spectroscopic and corpuscular analysis of laser-produced carbon plasma A. Czarnecka, ... , E. Składnik-Sadowska, M.J. Sadowski, K. Malinowski, R. Kwiatkowski, ... et al. Probl. Atom. Sci. Technol., Series Plasma Phys. Vol. 83 No 1 (2013) 258-260 575. Prompt searches for optical signals from gravitational wave transient candidates with Pi of the Sky A. Zadrożny, M. Sokołowski, R. Opiela, Ł. Obara Proc. SPIE Vol. 8903 (2013) 890310 576. Recent development in optimization of superconducting thin film lead photocathodes at NCBJ Świerk R. Nietubyć, J. Lorkiewicz, R. Mirowski, M. Barlak, J. Witkowski, J. Sekutowicz Proc. SPIE Vol. 8903 (2013) 89032B 577. Design of a positioning system for soft-docking of an intraoperative electron accelerator R. Soboń, A. Wysocka-Rabin, N. Golnik Proc. SPIE 8903, Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2013, Vol. 89031B (2013) 10.1117 578. Embedded controller for GEM detector readout system W.M. Zabolotny, ... , J. Rzadkiewicz, ... et al. Proc. SPIE 8903, Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2013, Vol. 8903 (2013) 2N 579. FPGA based charge fast histogramming for GEM detector K.T. Pozniak, ... , J. Rzadkiewicz, ... et al. Proc. SPIE 8903, Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2013, Vol. 8903 (2013) 2F 580. The first release and preliminary analysis of Pi of the Sky data in R filter M. Siudek, A. Ćwiek, L. Mankiewicz, R. Opiela, F. Żarnecki Proc. SPIE 8903, Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2013, No 77 (2013) List of Publications 309 581. Źródło jonów dla potrzeb spektroskopii jądrowej wykorzystujące plazmę generowaną strumieniem elektronów M. Turek, D. Mączka, B. Słowiński, Y. Yushkevich, K. Pyszniak, J. Zubrzycki Przegląd Elektrotechniczny Vol. 89 No 5 (2013) 290 582. Prevention of serious accidents in chemical processes A. Markowski, M. Borysiewicz Przemysł Chem. Vol. 82 No 1 (2013) 5-8 583. Semiquantitative analysis and characterization of physiological biodistribution of (68)Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT. J. Kunikowska, L. Królicki, D. Pawlak, I. Zerizer, R. Mikołajczak R. Clin. Nucl. Med. Vol. 37 No 11 (2013) 1052-57 584. Application of nuclear track detectors as sensors for photoneutrons generated by medical accelerators A. Szydłowski, ... , M. Jaskóła, A. Malinowska, S. Pszona, A. Wysocka-Rabin, A. Korman, K. Pytel, R. Prokopowicz, M. Kuk, ... et al. Radiat. Meas. Vol. 50 (2013) 74-77 585. Calibration studies of the application of nuclear track detectors to the detection of charged particles A. Szydłowski, A. Malinowska, M. Jaskóła, A. Korman, K. Malinowski, M. Kuk Radiat. Meas. Vol. 50 (2013) 258–260 586. Investigation of Damage Induced by Intense Femtosecond XUV Pulses in Silicon Crystals by Means of White Beam Synchrotron Section Topography W. Wierzchowski, ... , K. Wieteska, ... et al. Radiat. Phys. Chem. Vol. 93 (2013) 99 587. Solaris-National synchrotron radiation centre, project progress, May 2012 M.R.Bartosik, R. Nietubyć Radiat. Phys. Chem. Vol. 93 (2013) 4 588. Synchrotron Diffraction Topography of SBN (SrxBa1-xNb2O6) and CBN (CaxBa1-xNb2O6) Crystals K. Wieteska, W. Wierzchowski, A. Malinowska, M. Lefeld-Sosnowska, M. Swirkowicz, T. Lukasiewicz, C. Paulmann Radiat. Phys. Chem. Vol. 93 (2013) 87 589. A micro-gap, air filled ionization chamber as a detector for criticality accident dosimetry M. Zielczyński, N. Golnik, Ł. Murawski, M.A. Gryziński Radiat. Prot. Dosim. (2013) 590. A ring-shape recombination chamber for hadron therapy dosimetry E. Jakubowska, M. Zielczyński, M.A. Gryziński, Ł. Krzemiński Radiat. Prot. Dosim. (2013) 591. Characterisation of radiation field for irradiation of biological samples at nuclear reactor – comparison of twin- detectors and recombination methods N. Golnik, M.A. Gryziński, P. Tulik, K. Meronka Radiat. Prot. Dosim. (2013) 592. Low-Level Gamma And Neutron Monitoring Based On Use Of Proportional Counter Filled With 3he In Polythene Moderator: Study Of The Responses To Gamma And Neutrons S. Pszona, A. Bantsar, P. Tulik, K. Wincel, B. Zaręba Radiat. Prot. Dosim. (2013) 593. RBS/C, HRTEM and HRXRD study of damage accumulation in irradiated SrTiO3 J. Jagielski, P. Jóźwik, I. Jozwik-Biala, L. Kovarik, B. Arey Radiat.Eff. Defect Solid Vol. 168 No 6 (2013) 442 310 Annual Report 2013 594. Polish Experience in Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy J. Kunikowska, ... , D. Pawlak, R. Mikołajczak, ... et al. Recent Results in Cancer Research Vol. 194 (2013) 467-478 595. Investigation of bystander effect in CHO-K1 cells U.Kaźmierczak,…, M.Jaskóła, Ł Kaźmierczak, A. Korman,… et al. Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy Vol. 19 (2013) S37 S41 596. Investigations of protons passing through the CR-39/PM-355 type of solid state nuclear track detectors A. Malinowska, A. Szydłowski, M. Jaskóła, A. Korman, B. Sartowska, T. Kuehn, M. Kuk Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 84 No 7 (2013) 073511 597. Note: Measurements of fast electrons in the TORE-SUPRA tokamak by means of modified Cherenkov-type diamond detector L. Jakubowski, ... , M.J. Sadowski, J. Żebrowski, M. Rabiński, M.J. Jakubowski, K. Malinowski, R. Mirowski, ... et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 84 (2013) 016107 598. Changes in the Structure of Palladium Nanograins in the Carbon Film (C-nPd) under the Influence of Hydrogen R. Diduszko, M. Kozłowski, E. czerwosz, A. Kamińska, R. Nietubyć Solid State Phenom. Vol. 203-204 (2013) 398 599. Stress analysis of zirconia studied by Raman spectroscopy at low temperatures Ł. Kurpaska, M. Kozanecki, J.J. Jasiński, M. Sitarz Spectrochimica Acta Vol. 131 (2013) 691-695 600. Gas injection as a tool for controling plasma process during coating deposition K. Zdunek, K. Nowakowska-Langier, J. Dora, R. Chodun Surf. Coat. Technol. Vol. 228 (2013) S367 601. Gas injection as a tool for plasma process control during coating deposition K. Zdunek, K. Nowakowska-Langier, J. Dora, R. Chodun Surf. Coat. Technol. Vol. 228 No 1 (2013) S367–S373 602. Ion implanted inconel alloy – SIMS and GDMS depth profile analysis P. Konarski, K. Kaczorek, D. Kaliński, M. Chmielewski, K. Pietrzak, M. Barlak Surf. Interface Anal. Vol. 45 (2013) 494-497 603. Polish in Kind Contribution to European X-ray Free Electeron Laser (XFEL): Status in spring 2013 E. Pławski, ... , W. Grabowski, K. Kosiński, J. Lorkiewicz, M. Wojciechowski, G. Wrochna, O. Chołuj- Dziewiecka, ... et al. Synchrotron Radiation in Natural Science Vol. 12 No 1-2 (2013) 1 604. Determination of 90Sr traces in medical 90Y after separation on DGA column D. Pawlak, J.L. Parus, T. Dziel, A. Muklanowicz, R. Mikołajczak Talanta Vol. 1-4 (2013) 114 605. Synthesis of new mono-N-tosylated diamine ligand based on (R)-(+)-limonene and their application in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones and imines. P. Roszkowski, J.K. Maurin, Z. Czarnocki Tetrahedron-Asym. Vol. 24 (2013) 643 606. Magnetic Properties of Ion Manganese Implanted Silicon after Pulse Plasma Annealing Z. Werner, C. Pochrybniak, M. Barlak, J. Gosk, J. Szczytko, A. Twardowski, A. Siwek Vacuum Vol. 89 (2013) 113-117 List of Publications 311 607. Nakłanienie dejteria w sborkie iz nikielowych folg pri wozdiejstwi wysokotemperaturnnoj dejternoj plazmy A. Didyk, ... , R. Wiśniewski, ... et al. YDK Vol. 538.9 No 1 (2013) 22-26 608. Ядерные реакции в насыщенном дейтерием палладии и рении в атмосфере плотного дейтерия при облучении γ- квантами непрерывного спектра с граничной энергией 23 МэВ A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski ЭЧАЯ Vol. 10 No 4 (2013) 603-618 PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO PHYSICS EDUCATION AND POPULARIZATION OF PHYSICS 1. Ekspansja pod ciśnieniem; Kosmokinematografia; Praktyczne zastosowanie komputerów kwantowych; Czapka- niewidka P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 471 No 8 (2013) 21 2. Fotoliza, anataz i rutyl oraz na co komu rdza? P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 473 No 10 (2013) 20 3. Fundamental Physics Prize P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 465 No 2 (2013) 17 4. Kwantowa chłodziarka P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 468 No 5 (2013) 19 5. Medialna ściema z ciemną materią P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 469 No 6 (2013) 21 6. Najbardziej oczekiwana nagroda P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 475 No 12 (2013) 20 7. Piękna kwantowa strzałka czasu P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 464 No 1 (2013) 20 8. Pierwsza rocznica odkrycia P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 470 No 7 (2013) 20 9. Rozmiar liści (jak) wysokich drzew P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 467 No 4 (2013) 19 10. Wątpliwość Darwina rozwiana? Czego Było trzeba, żeby stać się drapieznikiem i co z tego wynikło? P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 474 No 11 (2013) 15 312 Annual Report 2013 11. Wyścig solitonów P. Zalewski Delta Vol. 472 No 9 (2013) 21 12. Gorąca plazma i energia termojądrowa: Głowne kierunki badawcze i historia badań prowadzonych w Świerku M.J. Sadowski Eko-atom Vol. 11 (2013) 47-70 13. Komputerowe kody obliczeniowe w analizach bezpieczeństwa elektrowni jądrowych. Możliwości obliczeniowe narzędzi cieplno-przepływowych na przykładzie kodu RELAP5 M. Skrzypek, E. Grodzicka Eko-atom (2013) 14. Przeróbka online paliwa wypalonego w reaktorach na stopuionych solach - osiągnięcia i problemy S. Kilim Eko-atom No 9 (2013) 16-29 15. Trucizny reaktorowe S. Kilim Eko-atom No 10 (2013) 21-30 16. Koszty kosztom nierówne A. Strupczewski Elektroenergetyka No 4 (2013) 43-47 17. Niestety, energia wiatrowa jest droga A. Strupczewski Energetyka No 3 (2013) 32 18. Wpływ elektrowni jądrowych a OZE na koszty energii elektrycznej A. Strupczewski Energia dla Przemysu No 1 (2013) 37-39 19. Albert Einstein i równanie E=mc2 Ł. Koszuk Forum Atomowe Vol. 2 (2013) 5 20. Cztery kwadryliardy atomów w Twoim ciele, także promieniotwórczych! J. Ośko, Ł. Koszuk Forum Atomowe Vol. 2 (2013) 1-3 21. Najczęściej popełniane błędy w relacjach prasowych Ł. Koszuk Forum Atomowe Vol. 2 (2013) 9 22. Polityka energetyczna wpływa na rozwój gospodarki A. Strupczewski Gazeta finansowa on line No 3 (2013) 1 23. Reaktory jądrowe dla przemysłu K. Różycki Infrastruktura No 11 (2013) 38 24. Jubileusz 20-lecia nowej edycji PTJ E. Zalewska, M. Rabiński, S. Latek Postępy Techniki Jądrowej Vol. 56 No 3 (2013) 40-42 List of Publications 313 25. Raport z eksploatacji reaktora badawczego MARIA w 2012 roku. A. Gołąb Postępy Techniki Jądrowej Vol. 59 No Z.1 (2013) 15 26. Synteza nowych jąder i pierwiastków chemicznych. Stan obecny A. Sobiczewski Postępy Techniki Jądrowej Vol. 56 No 3 (2013) 6 27. Wyjazdy do Czarnobyla M. Rabiński Postępy Techniki Jądrowej Vol. 56 No 3 (2013) 25-28 28. Lepszy od węgla A. Strupczewski Przegląd Techniczny No 13 (2013) 33 29. Plusy jądrowej opcji A. Strupczewski Przegląd Techniczny No 7-8 (2013) 15-16 30. W dzisiejszych reaktorach powtórka z Czarnobyla nie byłaby możliwa A. Strupczewski Środowisko No 4 (2013) 8 PUBLICATIONS IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS 1. Detection of a slope change in the spectrum of heavy mass group of cosmic rays by the KASCADE-Grande experiment A. Chiavassa, ... , P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski, ... et al. Acta Polytechnica Vol. 53 (Suppl) (2013) 728-731 2. Radiofarmaceutyki: aspekty kontroli jakości zawartości substancji czynnej na przykładzie kwasu metylenodifosfonowego MDP) J. Staniszewska, E. Bulska Analityka No 4 (2013) 4-11 3. Measurements of Production Properties of K0S mesons and Lambda hyperons in Proton-Carbon Interactions at 31 GeV/cA. N. Abgrall, ... , D. Kiełczewska, T. Palczewski, E. Rondio, J. Stepaniak, ... et al. ArXiv Vol. 1309 (2013) 1997 4. The JEM-EUSO Mission: Contributions to the ICRC 2013 J.H. Adams, ... , T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig, ... et al. ArXiv Vol. astro-ph No 1307.7071 (2013) 5. Awaria z natury M. Borysiewicz, S. Potempski Chem. Przem. BMP Vol. 6 (2013) 556 6. Status of Pi of the Sky Telescopes in Spain and Chile T. Batsch, ... , A. Majcher, A. Majczyna, K. Nawrocki, M. Sokołowski, G. Wrochna, ... et al. EAS Publications Series Vol. 61 (2013) 479 314 Annual Report 2013 7. Test of hadronic interaction models with the KASCADE-Grande muon data J.C. Arteaga-Velasquez, ... , P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski, ... et al. EPJ Web of Conference Vol. 52 (2013) 07002 8. Calibration and testing of a prototype of the JEM-EUSOtelescope on telescope array site M. Casolino,…, T.Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wyiig,…et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 53 (2013) 09005 9. Calibration of the JEM-EUSO detector N. Sakaki,…, T.Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig,…et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 53 (2013) 09004 10. Cosmic rays measurements around the knee of the primary spectrum A. Chiavassa, ... , P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski, ... et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 52 (2013) 04001 11. EUSO-BALLON a pathfinder for detecting UHECRs from the edge of space P. VonBallmoss,…, J. Szabelski, …. Et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 53 (2013) 09003 12. Multiplicity spectrum of muon bundles and primary composition in the range 1 - 10000 TeV V.B. Petkov, J. Szabelski, A.N. Gaponenko, I. Alikhanov EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 52 (2013) 09009 13. Performances of JEM-EUSO M. Bertaina,…, T.Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig,…et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 53 (2013) 09002 14. Status of JEM-EUSO and its test experiments EUSO-Balloon and TA-EUSO A. Haungs, ... , T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig, ... et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 52 (2013) 06005 15. The Atmospheric monitoring system of the JEM-EUSO space mission M.D. RodriguesFrias,...,T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig, ... et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 53 (2013) 10005 16. The JEM-EUSO mission: context and status A. Santangelo ... , T. Batsch, J. Karczmarczyk, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, T. Tymieniecka, T. Wibig, ... et al. EPJ Web of Conferences Vol. 53 (2013) 06005 17. Planetoidy Z. Wiśniewski, I. Cieślik Fizyka w Szkole No 3 (2013) 19 18. Model numeryczny wielosygnałowej komory jonizacyjnej M. Maciak, J. Ośko, P. Tulik, K. Tymińska Materiały z XVIII Krajowej Konferencji Biocybernetyki i Inżynierii Biomedycznej (2013) 19. Comparison of various plastic scintillators with pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities based on polystyrene (PS) J.Iwanowska,…, M. Moszyński, Ł. Świderski, P. Sibczyński, T. Krakowski,… et al. Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC) Vol. 1 (2013) N20-2 20. Non-proportionality and energy resolution of Xe gas scintillator in gamma-rays spectrometry Ł. Świderski,…, J. Iwanowska, M. Moszyński, M. Szawłowski,… et al. Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC) Vol. 1 (2013) N20-5 List of Publications 315 21. The Study of Spatial Distributions of Neutron Capture and Fission Reactions in Massive Uranium Target Irradiated by Deuterons with Energies of 1-8 GeV (QUINTA Setup) I. Adam, ... , M. Bielewicz, S. Kilim, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, ... et al. Preprint of the JINR Dubna Vol. P1-2012 No 147 (2013) 22. Soft-X-ray measurements in WEST using GEM detectors D. Mazon, ... , J. Rzadkiewicz, ... et al. Proc. 40th EPS Conf. on Plasma Physics (2013) P6.011 23. The role of international collaboration in knowledge development in creation of TSO M. Spirzewski, E. Grodzicka, T. Jackowski Proceedings NENE (2013) 24. Predictive power of nuclear-mass models A. Sobiczewski, Yu.A. Litvinov, E.A. Cherepanov Proceedings od conference on (2013) 45 25. Shape Optimization of a SRF Injector Cavity J. Sekutowicz, T. Wasiewicz, W. Grabowski, R. Nietubyć Proceedings of IPAC 2013 Vol. 07 (2013) 2322-2324 26. Re-evaluation of the parton distribution of strange quarks in the nucleon H.E. Jackson, W. Augustyniak, B. Mariański, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański Proceedings of Science Vol. 1 (2013) 056 27. Spin Density matrix elements in hard exclusive electroproduction of meason B. Mariański, A. Terkulov, W. Augustyniak, A. Trzciński, P. Żuprański Proceedings of Science Vol. 1 (2013) 222 28. Analysis of potential advanced thorium based fuel for EPR reactor M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski Proceedings of Science (PoS) No 093 (2013) 29. High-energy cosmic rays measured withKASCADE-Grande A. Haungs, ... , P. Łuczak, J. Zabierowski, ... et al. Proceedings of Science (PoS) Vol. EPS-HEP (2013) 398 30. Irradiation history and resulting isotope decay scheme influence on yttrium sample gamma activity S. Kilim, ... , M. Bielewicz, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, ... et al. Proceedings of Science (PoS) No 087 (2013) 31. On results of Y-89 irradiation with deuteron beam on QUINTA-assembly \\ E+T-RAW\\ using NUCLOTRON (JINR DUBNA) M. Bielewicz, ... , S. Kilim, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, ... et al. Proceedings of science (pos) No 092 (2013) 32. Parton Energy Loss in the Extremly Prolate Quark-Gluon Plasma M. Carrington, K. Deja, St. Mrówczyński Proceedings of Science (PoS) Vol. 175 (2013) 33. Recent results of the study of ADS with 500kg natural uranium target assembly QUINTA irradiated by deuterons with energies from 1 to 8 GeV at JINR NUCLOTRON W. Furman, ... , M. Bielewicz, S. Kilim, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, A. Wojciechowski, ... et al. Proceedings of Science (PoS) No 086 (2013) 316 Annual Report 2013 34. Studies of deuteron and neutron cross-sections important for ADS research V. Wagner, ... , M. Bielewicz, S. Kilim, E. Strugalska-Gola, M. Szuta, ... et al. Proceedings of Science (PoS) No 090 (2013) 35. Short period pulsating stars: some theoretical issue A. Majczyna, M. Należyty Proceedings of the SPIE Vol. 8903 (2013) 890311 36. VIPERS: An Unprecedented View of Galaxies and Large-scale Structure Halfway Back in the Life of the Universe L. Guzzo, ... , A. Pollo, ... et al. The Messenger Vol. 151 (2013) 41 OTHERS 1. Advances in Conformal Radiotherapy Using Monte Carlo Code to Design New IMRT and IORT Accelerators and Interpret CT Numbers A. Wysocka-Rabin CERN-WUT, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 2. Eksperymenty. Fascynujące doświadczenia do przeprowadzenia w domu (wydanie II) M.P. Sadowski, E. Jamrozy Warszawa 3. Information technologies: research and their interdisciplinary applications M. Borysiewicz, A. Wawrzyńczak-Szaban, P. Kopka, P. Kopka Institute of Computer Science Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 4. Innowacyjne Technologie Wytwarzania, Instytut Zaawansowanych Technologii Wytwarzania, Kraków D. Wawszczak, W. Łada, A. Deptuła, E. Iller, M. Miłkowska 5. Properies hydrogen and its isotopes under high pressure, and technological applications A. Didyk, R. Wiśniewski Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna 2013-Rosja) 6. Przygotowanie dokumentacji rejestracyjnej dla kwasu etylenodiamino N,N`-dioctowego (EDDA) D. Kłudkiewicz, P. Garnuszek, M. Romańczuk, M. Fiszer, A. Szymańska 7. Understanding the Nucleon\'s Spin Structure. K. Kurek LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, ISBN-13.978-3-659-26093-3 8. Wybrane aspekty poszukiwania nowych cząstek w eksperymencie DELPHI przy LEP oraz eksperymencie CMS przy LHC P. Zalewski National Centre for Nuclear Research Author Index 317 AUTHOR INDEX Augustyniak W ...... 172 Grodzicka M...... 193 Gryziński M.A...... 250, 251 Bam L...... 211 Guillot J...... 179 Bancer A...... 190 Guzik Z...... 202 Barbieri C...... 179 Hammache F...... 179 Barlak M...... 188, 189 Iwanowska J...... 202 Batsch T...... 169 Iwanowska-Hanke J...... 195 Beaumel D...... 179 Jachimowicz P...... 180 Bielewicz M...... 223 Jagielski J...... 219 Bogusz M...... 253 Jakubowski L...... 183 Boissinot S...... 179 Jakubowski M.J...... 183 Borek-Kruszewska E...... 217 Janiak T...... 245 Borsuk S...... 202 Jankowska-Kisielińska J...... 209 Borysiewicz M...... 255, 256, 259, 261, 262, 263 Jankowski E...... 201 Burgunder G...... 179 Jaroszewicz J...... 235 Bzdak J...... 253 Jaskóła M...... 184 Chłopik A...... 201 Jaworska E...... 190 Chodun R...... 187 Jędrzejec H...... 263 Cieszykowska I...... 245 Jurkowski, Z...... 211 Cipollone A...... 179 Karczmarczyk J...... 169, 171 Cmiel K...... 211 Kaźmierczak Ł...... 202 Corsi A...... 179 Kaźmierczak T...... 202 Czarnecka A...... 186 Keeley N...... 179 Czarnocki Z...... 210 Kilim S...... 223, 226 Czaus K...... 185 Kiptily V...... 199 Dąbrowski L...... 224, 225, 227 Kończyk A. A...... 210 Dąbrowski M...... 262 Kopka P...... 256 de Séreville N...... 179 Korman A...... 184 Dobrzyński L...... 212 Korolczuk S...... 202, 203 Dorosh O...... 222, 263 Korycki M...... 255, 258, 260 Ducloue B...... 173 Kosińska A...... 188 Dudziński A...... 190 Koszuk Ł...... 239 Dymecka, M...... 248 Kowal K...... 261, 262 Dziel T...... 246 Kowal M...... 180 Dziewiecki W...... 201 Kowalska K...... 174 Ferri A...... 193 Kowalski M...... 253 Fijał – Kirejczyk I.M...... 211 Kozioł S...... 228 Flavigny F...... 179, Kozłowski T...... 202 Fowlie A...... 174 Krakowski T...... 195, 202 Garkusha I.E...... 185, 186 Kraszewski P...... 201 Garnuszek P...... 243 Krzysztoszek G...... 235 Gibelin J...... 179 Kubkowska M...... 186 Gierlik M...... 202 Kuk M...... 184 Gillibert A...... 179 Kurpaska Ł...... 205 Giron S...... 179 Kwiatkowski R...... 185 186, 187 Go, A...... 212 Kwiatkowski T...... 219, 221, 228 Godziszewski A...... 201 Ladygina M.S...... 186 Gola A...... 193 Lapoux V...... 179 Gołąb A...... 235 Lasiewicz M...... 253 Gomulski K...... 230, 263 Laskus M...... 253 Gosk J...... 188, 201 Lorkiewicz J...... 188 Gójska A...... 199 Luks A...... 219 318 Annual Report 2013 Łuczak P...... 170 Siess G...... 255, 259, 263 Maciak M...... 250, 251 Signoracci A...... 179 Machtyl T...... 232 Skalski J...... 180 Makhlay V.A...... 186 Składnik-Sadowska E...... 185 186, 187 Makhlay V.V...... 185 Skrzypek E...... 231, 232, 233 Malinowska A...... 184 Skrzypek M...... 231, 232, 233 Malinowski K...... 183, 184, 185, 186, 187 Słapa M...... 252 Małkiewicz, A...... 219 Słowiński B...... 229 Marcinkowska Z...... 239 Soboń R...... 251 Mariański B...... 172 Sowiński M...... 253 Matta A...... 179 Spirzewski M...... 233 Matusiak M...... 201 Starosta W...... 189 Maurin J. K...... 210 Strugalska-Gola E...... 223 Mielcarski M...... 245 Struski A...... 239 Mikołajczak R...... 245 Świderski L...... 195 Milczarek J.J...... 211 Syntfeld-Każuch A...... 197, 199 Mirowski R...... 188 Szabelska B...... 169 Moszyński M...... 193, 195, 196, 199 Szabelski J...... 169, 171 Możdżonek R...... 230, 231 Szawkało J...... 210 Nalpas L...... 179 Szawłowski M...... 193, 197 Nietubyć R...... 188 Szczekowski M...... 167, 168 Niewiadomska D...... 232 Szczęśniak T...... 193, 195,197, Nowakowska-Langier K...... 186, 187 Szeptycka M...... 202 Obertelli A...... 179 Szewiński J...... 203 Okrasa S...... 187 Szuta M...... 223, 224, 225, 227, 229 Ośko J...... 248, 249, 250 Szydłowski A...... 184 Pacan A...... 229 Szymanowski L...... 173 Paduch M...... 185, 186 Szymański D...... 232 Parus J.L...... 245 Świderska K...... 209 Pawlak D...... 245 Świderski, L...... 195, 197, 199, 202 Piąstka J...... 217 Tarchalski M...... 219 Piemonte C...... 193 Tarolli A...... 193 Plebaniak Z...... 169 Terka M...... 201 Pliszczyński T...... 248 Traczyk M...... 252 Pochrybniak C...... 188, 189 Trzaskowska H...... 253 Pollacco E.C...... 179 Trzciński A...... 172 Potempski S...... 255, 259, 261, 263 Tsai Y-L. S...... 174 Prusiński P...... 219, 221, 228, 262 Tulik M...... 248, 250, 251 Pszona S...... 190 Twardowski A...... 188 Pylak M...... 212, 213 Tymieniecka T...... 169, 171 Pytel K...... 219, 239 Tymińska K...... 249, 245 Raabe R...... 179 Tymiński Z...... 246 Rabiński M...... 183 Ukleja A...... 167, 168 Ratajczak R...... 188, 189 Utsuno Y...... 179 Rejmund M...... 179 Wallon S...... 173 Roszkowski L...... 174 Waliś L...... 189 Rzadkiewicz J...... 199 Wasiuk A...... 255 Rzemek K...... 248 Wawrzyńczak-Szaban A...... 256 Sadowski M.J...... 183, 185 186, 187 Werner Z...... 188, 189 Samul, K...... 233 Wibig T...... 169 Scholz M...... 185, 186 Wincel K...... 252 Sartowska B...... 189 Witkowski J...... 188 Schotanus P...... 195 Wojciechowski A...... 223, 229 Sernicki J...... 204, 253 Wojciechowicz H...... 255 Sessolo E. M...... 174 Wojdowska W...... 245 Sibczyński, P...... 195, 199 Wolski D...... 201 Shrivastava A...... 179 Wójcik R...... 239 Wójtowicz M...... 201 Author Index 319 Wronka S...... 201 Zhao Q...... 188 Zabierowski J...... 170 Zielczyński M...... 250, 251 Zając A...... 201 Zwolińska A...... 171 Zając B...... 205 Zychor I...... 199 Zaręba B...... 252 Żebrowski J...... 183, 185 Zawadka A...... 219 Żołądek J...... 211 Zdunek K...... 187 Żuprański P...... 172