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Underwater Geotechnical Foundations this document downloaded from Terms and Conditions of Use: All of the information, data and computer software (“information”) presented on this web site is for general vulcanhammer.net information only. While every effort will be made to insure its accuracy, this information should not be used or relied on Since 1997, your complete for any specific application without independent, competent online resource for professional examination and verification of its accuracy, suitability and applicability by a licensed professional. Anyone information geotecnical making use of this information does so at his or her own risk and assumes any and all liability resulting from such use. engineering and deep The entire risk as to quality or usability of the information contained within is with the reader. In no event will this web foundations: page or webmaster be held liable, nor does this web page or its webmaster provide insurance against liability, for The Wave Equation Page for any damages including lost profits, lost savings or any other incidental or consequential damages arising from Piling the use or inability to use the information contained within. Online books on all aspects of This site is not an official site of Prentice-Hall, soil mechanics, foundations and Pile Buck, the University of Tennessee at marine construction Chattanooga, or Vulcan Foundation Equipment. All references to sources of software, equipment, parts, service Free general engineering and or repairs do not constitute an geotechnical software endorsement. And much more... Visit our companion site http://www.vulcanhammer.org GSL TR-01-24 GSL ERDC/ Innovations for Navigation Projects Research Program Underwater Geotechnical Foundations Landris T. Lee, Jr., and Richard W. Peterson December 2001 ructures t Geotechnical and S and Geotechnical Laboratory Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, pub- lication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position, unless so designated by other authorized documents. PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER Innovations for Navigation ERDC/GSL TR-01-24 Projects Research Program (TR-INP-01-1) December 2001 Underwater Geotechnical Foundations by Landris T. Lee, Jr., Richard W. Peterson Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center 3909 Halls Ferry Road Vicksburg, MS 39180-6199 Final report Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Washington, DC 20314-1000 Under INP Work Unit 33144 Contents Preface............................................................................................................... ix 1Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Background................................................................................................. 1 Objectives................................................................................................... 2 Scope........................................................................................................... 3 2Selected Case Histories ............................................................................... 4 Navigation, Flood Control, and Dam Structures......................................... 4 Thames River flood barrier ..................................................................... 4 Eastern Scheldt storm surge barrier......................................................... 6 Mississippi River Lock and Dam 26 guidewall....................................... 8 Monongahela River gated dam................................................................ 8 Olmsted Dam........................................................................................... 9 Lake Mead intake structure ..................................................................... 9 Adriatic Sea piled breakwater structure................................................... 9 Argentina piled jetty ................................................................................ 9 Offshore lighthouses................................................................................ 10 Hydroelectric dam ................................................................................... 10 Other dams............................................................................................... 11 Bridges........................................................................................................ 12 Brooklyn Bridge ...................................................................................... 12 Tappan Zee Bridge .................................................................................. 13 Newport, RI, Bridge ................................................................................ 13 Confederation Bridge .............................................................................. 14 Great Belt eastern bridge ......................................................................... 14 Akashi Kaikyo Bridge ............................................................................. 15 New Benicia-Martinez Bridge................................................................. 15 Pocomoke River Bridge rehabilitation .................................................... 16 Immersed Tube Tunnels and Pipelines....................................................... 16 Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) Tunnel................................................. 17 Boston Tunnel.......................................................................................... 17 Chek Lap Kok Airport transportation links............................................. 17 Oresund Link ........................................................................................... 18 Puget Sound gas pipeline......................................................................... 18 North Sea gas pipeline............................................................................. 19 Los Angeles sewage sludge outfall.......................................................... 19 Puerto Rico sewage outfall ...................................................................... 19 Offshore Oil Platform Structures................................................................ 20 iii Jacket and jack-up structures................................................................... 21 Compliant tower structures...................................................................... 24 Tension-leg platform structures............................................................... 25 Gravity-based structures.......................................................................... 26 Other Underwater-Founded Structures....................................................... 28 Wharf off-loading system........................................................................ 28 Ship dry docks ......................................................................................... 28 Berlins Potsdamer Platz ......................................................................... 29 Baltic Sea wind turbines.......................................................................... 29 Offshore military tracking platforms....................................................... 30 Bantry Bay tanker terminal...................................................................... 30 Submerged oil storage tank ..................................................................... 31 3Foundation Site Assessment........................................................................ 32 Site and Foundation Selection Process ....................................................... 32 Site Assessment and Characterization ........................................................ 34 Preliminary assessment............................................................................ 34 Hydrographic surveying and environmental data collection ................... 34 Geophysical investigations...................................................................... 36 Soil and Rock Engineering Properties ........................................................ 38 In situ methods......................................................................................... 38 Drilling and sampling .............................................................................. 42 Laboratory testing.................................................................................... 45 4Design Considerations................................................................................. 49 Foundation Types ....................................................................................... 49 Improved-site foundations....................................................................... 51 Gravity-based foundations....................................................................... 52 Pinned foundations .................................................................................. 52 Foundation Selection Criteria and Design Issues ....................................... 57 Selection criteria...................................................................................... 58 Design considerations.............................................................................. 58 Analysis and verification
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