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Marine Sediments from the Southern Sierra Madre Oriental
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas ISSN: 1026-8774 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Blau, Joachim; Meister, Christian; Schmidt-Effing, Reinhard; Villaseñor, Ana B. A new fossiliferous site of Lower Liassic (Upper Sinemurian) marine sediments from the southern Sierra Madre Oriental (Puebla, Mexico): ammonite fauna, biostratigraphy, and description of Ectocentrites hillebrandti new species Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, vol. 25, núm. 3, 2008, pp. 402-407 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Querétaro, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57225303 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 402 RevistaBlau etMexicana al. de Ciencias Geológicas, v. 25, núm. 3, 2008, p. 402-407 A new fossiliferous site of Lower Liassic (Upper Sinemurian) marine sediments from the southern Sierra Madre Oriental (Puebla, Mexico): ammonite fauna, biostratigraphy, and description of Ectocentrites hillebrandti new species Joachim Blau1,*, Christian Meister2, Reinhard Schmidt-Effi ng3, and Ana B. Villaseñor4 1 Feldbergstrasse 5, D-61191 Rosbach-Rodheim, Germany. 2 Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Département de Géologie et Paléontologie, 1 Rte de Malagnou, CP. 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland. 3 Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 11a, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. 4 Instituto de Geología, Departamento de Paleontología, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., Mexico. * [email protected] ABSTRACT We describe ammonites from a newly discovered, fossil-bearing, marine Liassic locality (Lower Jurassic, Huayacocotla Fm.) in the vicinity of the Zongozotla Municipality (southern Sierra Madre Oriental) in the northern part of Puebla State (Mexico). -
La Col·Lecció Paleontològica Gómez-Alba Del MGB-MCNB
Treb. Mus. Geol. Barcelona, 19 (2013): 59-149 La col·lecció paleontològica Gómez-Alba del MGB-MCNB Jaume Gallemí1, Vicent Vicedo1, Gregori López2 i Luis Troya2 Abstract GALLEMÍ, J., VICEDO, V., LÓPEZ, G. & TROYA, L. The Gómez-Alba palaeontological collection of the MGB-MCNB. We present the catalogue of the palaeontological collection belonging to the late Dr. Julio Gómez-Alba, former curator of Palaeontology at Barcelona’s Museum of Geology, now integrated in Barcelona’s Natural History Museum Consortium. He proposed the donation of his collection to the city of Barcelona in November 2010 and the Barcelona’s Institute of Culture (ICUB) accepted it on the 11th February 2011. Formed by 4.990 specimens and 25 batches, it is not the col- lection of a palaeontological researcher but that of a general palaeontologist. Many items in this collection were figured in a field guide authored by Gómez-Alba (1988) dealing with the fossils of Spain and Europe. The catalogue is, apart from some minor corrections, the literal transcription of the database originally associated to the collection that –since its acceptation– has neither been updated nor revised. Key words: catalogue, collection, palaeontology, Gómez-Alba, MGB-MCNB. Resumen GALLEMÍ, J., VICEDO, V., LÓPEZ, G. y TROYA, L. La colección paleontológica Gómez-Alba del MGB-MCNB. Se presenta el catálogo de la colección paleontológica que había pertenecido al recientemente fallecido Dr. Julio Gómez-Alba, antiguo conservador de Paleontología del Museo de Geología de Barcelona, actualmente integrado en el Consorcio del Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Barcelona. La propuesta de donación de la colección a la ciudad de Barcelona se realizó en noviembre de 2010 y fue aceptada por el Instituto de Cultura de Barcelona (ICUB) en fecha 11 de febrero de 2011. -
AALENIAN TMETOCERAS (AMMONOIDEA) from IBERIA Taxonomy, Habitats, and Evolution
AALENIAN TMETOCERAS (AMMONOIDEA) FROM IBERIA Taxonomy, Habitats, and Evolution 1 2 3 S. R. Femandez-L6pez, M. H. Henriques, A. Linares, 1. Sandovae and M. S. Ureta1 'Dept. y UEI de Paleontologia Facultad de Ciencias Geo16gicas (UCM) elnstitutode Geologia Econ6mica (CSIC-UCM) 28040-Madrid, Spain 2Dept. Ci€mcias da Terra Centro de Geociencias Universidade de Coimbra 3049-Coimbra Codex, Portugal 3Dept. de Estratigrafia y Paleontologia Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada, Spain Abstract Several hundred Aalenian Tmetoceras from the Iberian Peninsula (N Lusitanian Basin, As turias, Basque-Cantabrian Basin, NE Cameros, NW Iberian Basin, Aragonese Platform, Tortosa Platform, Castilian Platform, Majorca and Betic Basin) have been reviewed. Two species of Aalenian Tmetoceras have been identified on the basis of morphological, bio chronological and palaeobiogeographical data: T. scissum and T. regleyi. T. scissum was dominant among the Tmetoceras populations developed in the Betic and Lusitanian basins during Opalinum, Murchisonae and Bradfordensis biochrons. Popu lations coniposed by evolute individuals of T. scissum inhabited shelfal or oceanic envi ronments. A chronocline, from rectiradiate and primitive forms to flexicostate and derived forms, can be recognized in these populations of T. scissum. In contrast, shallow epiconti nental platforms were inhabited by involute individuals of T. regleyi. This second species was phyletically derived from T. scissum, representing an adaptive radiation from popula tions of shelfal or oceanic basins to populations of epicontinental platforms. Asturias L��---:T NW Iberian Basin 14--=--�- Aragonese Platform +--Tortosa Platform 0� q@ Majorca SE Castilian Platform Central Castilian Platform Oriental sector of Median Subbetic Basin 250 km I Central sector with condensed sections of Median Subbetic Basin External Subbetic Basin Central sector with expanded sections of Median Subbetic Basin Figure 1. -
Contributions in BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY
MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 51 November 29, 1982 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Families J. John Sepkoski, Jr. MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions in BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 51 November 29, 1982 A COMPENDIUM OF FOSSIL MARINE FAMILIES J. JOHN SEPKOSKI, JR. Department of the Geophysical Sciences University of Chicago REVIEWERS FOR THIS PUBLICATION: Robert Gernant, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee David M. Raup, Field Museum of Natural History Frederick R. Schram, San Diego Natural History Museum Peter M. Sheehan, Milwaukee Public Museum ISBN 0-893260-081-9 Milwaukee Public Museum Press Published by the Order of the Board of Trustees CONTENTS Abstract ---- ---------- -- - ----------------------- 2 Introduction -- --- -- ------ - - - ------- - ----------- - - - 2 Compendium ----------------------------- -- ------ 6 Protozoa ----- - ------- - - - -- -- - -------- - ------ - 6 Porifera------------- --- ---------------------- 9 Archaeocyatha -- - ------ - ------ - - -- ---------- - - - - 14 Coelenterata -- - -- --- -- - - -- - - - - -- - -- - -- - - -- -- - -- 17 Platyhelminthes - - -- - - - -- - - -- - -- - -- - -- -- --- - - - - - - 24 Rhynchocoela - ---- - - - - ---- --- ---- - - ----------- - 24 Priapulida ------ ---- - - - - -- - - -- - ------ - -- ------ 24 Nematoda - -- - --- --- -- - -- --- - -- --- ---- -- - - -- -- 24 Mollusca ------------- --- --------------- ------ 24 Sipunculida ---------- --- ------------ ---- -- --- - 46 Echiurida ------ - --- - - - - - --- --- - -- --- - -- - - --- -
Abhandlungen Der Geologischen Bundesanstalt in Wien
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt in Wien Jahr/Year: 2010 Band/Volume: 65 Autor(en)/Author(s): Mandl Gerhard W., Dulai Alfred, Schlögl Jan, Siblik M., Szabo Janos, Szent-Istvanyi Szentistvanyi Gyula, Vörös Attila Artikel/Article: First Results on Stratigraphy and Faunal Content of the Jurassic between Bad Mitterndorf and Toplitzsee (Salzkammergut, Austria) 77-134 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at ABHANDLUNGEN DER GEOLOGISCHEN BUNDESANSTALT Abh. Geol. B.-A. ISSN 0378-0864 ISBN 978-3-85316-058-9 Band 65 S. 77–134 Wien, 10. 11. 2010 Fifty Years of Geological Cooperation between Austria, the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic First Results on Stratigraphy and Faunal Content of the Jurassic between Bad Mitterndorf and Toplitzsee (Salzkammergut, Austria) Gerhard W. Mandl1, alFréd dulai2, jan schlöGl3, MiloŠ siblík4, jános szabó2, istván szente5 & attila vörös2 4 Text-Figures, 17 Plates Österreichische Karte 1:50.000 Northern Calcareous Alps Blatt 97 Bad Mitterndorf Jurassic Olistolith Ammonoidea Brachiopoda Gastropoda Bivalvia Contents Zusammenfassung . 77 Abstract . 78 Introduction . 78 Geological Setting . 78 Stratigraphy . 80 Upper Triassic . 80 Lower Jurassic . 80 Upper Jurassic . 81 Remarks on the Fauna of Olistolith Plk 1 . 84 Ammonoidea (J. Schlögl) . 84 Brachiopoda (A. Dulai) . 85 Gastropoda (J. Szabó) . 85 Bivalvia (I. Szente) . 87 Fossil Sites and Faunal Content . 88 Plates . 98 Conclusions . 132 Acknowledgements . 132 References . 133 Erste Ergebnisse zu Stratigraphie und Faunen-Inhalt der Jura-Gesteine zwischen Bad Mitterndorf und Toplitzsee (Salzkammergut, Österreich) Zusammenfassung Die südwestlichen Ausläufer des Toten Gebirges zeigen eine Schichtfolge aus rhätischem Dachsteinkalk und jurassischen Beckensedimenten, die bis in das Kimmeridgium reichen. -
Paléontologie Au Luxembourg (2) A
Paléontologie au Luxembourg (2) A. Di Cencio, D. Sadki, R. Weis (eds.) R. Weis D. Sadki, A. Di Cencio, Les ammonites de la Minette Andrea Di Cencio, Driss Sadki, Paléontologie au Luxembourg (2) Luxembourg au Paléontologie Robert Weis (eds.) Ferrantia Travaux scientifiques du Musée national d'histoire naturelle Luxembourg www.mnhn.lu 83 2020 Ferrantia 83 2020 2020 83 Ferrantia est une revue publiée à intervalles non réguliers par le Musée national d’histoire naturelle à Luxembourg. Elle fait suite, avec la même tomaison, aux T M ’ L parus entre 1981 et 1999. Comité de rédaction: Eric Buttini Guy Colling Alain Frantz Thierry Helminger Ben Thuy Mise en page: Romain Bei Design: Thierry Helminger Prix du volume: 20 € Rédaction: Échange: Musée national d’histoire naturelle Exchange MnhnL Rédaction Ferrantia c/o Musée national d’histoire naturelle 25, rue Münster 25, rue Münster L-2160 Luxembourg L-2160 Luxembourg Tél +352 46 22 33 - 1 Tél +352 46 22 33 - 1 Fax +352 46 38 48 Fax +352 46 38 48 Internet: http://www.mnhn.lu/ferrantia/ Internet: http://www.mnhnl.lu/biblio/exchange email: [email protected] email: [email protected] Page de couverture: Bredyia subinsignis (Oppel, 1856), DOU833. Natural History Museum of Luxembourg. Citation: Di Cencio A., Sadki D., Weis R. (eds.) 2020. - Paléontologie au Luxembourg (2) - Les ammonites de la Minette. Ferrantia 83, Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg, 129 p. Date de publication: 15 décembre 2020 (réception du manuscrit: 19 mai 2020) Impression: Imprimerie Centrale climatiquement neutre Impression | LU-319-JR8FDJV | www.natureOffice.com Ferrantia est publiée sous la licence Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 3.0 LU. -
Schlotheimia Zu Storthoceras
125 125—135 N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh. Stuttgart, Juni 1966 Fcstband Schinde wolf Über die verwandtschaftlichen Beziehungen von Schlotheimia zu Storthoceras Von Wolfram Blind, Gießen Mit Tafel 12 und 2 Abbildungen im Text Zusam m enfassung: Die bisher nur aus dem germanischen Bereich bekannte Gattung Saxoceras konnte nun auch im Meditcrrangebict (Fonsjoch) nachgewiesen werden. Saxoceras tectosimile n. sp. steht auf Grund der Gchäuse- morphologie und der Lobenlinic nahe bei Schlotheimia angulata. Die bei Saxoceras protero- gcnctisch angelegte, Schlotheimia-artige Skulp tur hat sich bei Sax. tectosimile gegenüber Sax. praecursor weiter auf die Außenwindungen ver lagert, so daß die Bntwicklungslücke zwischen Saxoceras und Schlotheimia s. str. als geschlossen angesehen werden kann. Die Ausgestaltung der Jugendwindungen von Sax. tectosimile deutet auf bestimmte, bei Storthoceras s. str. und Gonio- ptychoceras zu suchende Ausgangsformen. Eine von Lange vermutete hcterochronc Entwick lung von Schlotheimia kann nicht bestätigt werden. A bstract: The genus Saxoceras which so far has bcen known only from the German Facies Provincc was reccntly found in the Mediterranian Facies Province at a locality on the Fonsjoch mountain (Northern Alps). The shell morphology and the suture linc of Saxoceras tectosimile n. sp. appear to bc related to those of Schlotheimia angulata. As is well known, Saxoceras forms a proterogenetical sculpturc which is similar to Schlotheimia. This sculpturc is also found in Saxoceras tectosimile; however, in comparison to Saxoceras praecursor, it appear s to be displaced towards the external whorls. As it rcsults from the observation, the evolutionary gap between Saxoceras and Schlothetmrn s. str. can now bc considered closed. The charactcristics found on the juvenile whorls of Sax. -
Ammonites Marmoreus OPPEL
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Stuttgarter Beiträge Naturkunde Serie B [Paläontologie] Jahr/Year: 1988 Band/Volume: 141_B Autor(en)/Author(s): Bloos Gert Artikel/Article: Ammonites marmoreus OPPEL (Schlotheimiidae) im unteren Lias (angulata-Zone, depressa-Subzone) von Württemberg (Südwestdeutschland) 1-47 " ^ © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) Herausgeber: Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Rosenstein 1, D-7000 Stuttgart 1 Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Ser. B Nr. 141 47S., 12Taf., 11 Abb., 3Tab. Stuttgart, 15. 6. 1988 Ammonites marmoreus Oppel (Schlotheimiidae) im unteren Lias {angulata-Xont^ depressa-Suhzont) von Württemberg (Südwestdeutschland) Ammonites m^armoreus Oppel (Schlotheimiidae) in the lower Lias {angulata Zone, depressa Subzone) of Württemberg (Southwest Germany) _^^ Von Gert Bloos, Stuttgart ^ ^^^ ^ Mit 12 Tafeln, 11 Abbildungen und 3 Tabellen Summary ^=»=%^'^'Aslib The occurrence of the mediterranean spec'ies Ammonites marmoreus Oppel (Schlotheimiidae) in Württemberg - supposed already by Pompeckj 1893 - is verified. A comparison of the 11 stu- died specimens with material of the Eastern Alps yielded no significant differences concerning form, sculpture, and suture line. The differences to Schlotheimia on the one hand and to the charmassei group on the other are shown. There are two main groups within the Schlotheimiidae (not regarded "Waehneroceras" s.L): The one is well known as genus Schlotheimia and the other is here comprised under the name Angulaticeras (including Sulciferites) to which. Ammonites marmoreus belongs. The stratigraphical occurrence of the species in Württemberg Supports the Hettangian age of the marmoreum Zone in the Mediterranean province. -
Austroalpine Liassic Ammonites from the Adnet Formation (Northern Calcareous Alps) 163-211 ©Geol
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Jahr/Year: 1993 Band/Volume: 136 Autor(en)/Author(s): Meister Christian, Böhm Florian Artikel/Article: Austroalpine Liassic Ammonites from the Adnet Formation (Northern Calcareous Alps) 163-211 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at Jb. Geol. B.-A. ISSN 0016-7800 Band 136 S.163-211 Wien, Juli 1993 Austroalpine Liassic Ammonites from the Adnet Formation (Northern Calcareous Alps) By CHRISTIAN MEISTER & FLORIAN BÖHM *) With 14 Text-Figures and 9 Plates Oslerreich Salzburg Oberöslerreich Nördliche Kalkalpen Lias Ammoniten Oslerreichische Karle 1. 50.000 Biostratigraphie BI/1l1er94, 95, 96,126 Palaeogeographie Contents Zusammenfassung 163 Abstract. .. 164 Resume 164 1. Introduction 164 2. Geographical and Geological Framework 164 3. Lithological Description and Qualitative/Quantitative Ammonite Distributions 165 3.1. Schmiedwirt Quarry 165 3.2. Breitenberg Quarry 166 3.3. Rotkogel Outcrop 166 3.4. Rötelstein Outcrop 168 4. Systematic Palaeontology 169 PhylioceratinaARKELL 1950 171 LytoceratinaHYATT1889 174 Ammonitina HYATT 1889 175 5. Biostratigraphical Framework 184 5.1. Sinemurian 184 5.1.1. Early Sinemurian 184 5.1.2. Late Sinemurian 184 5.2. Pliensbachian 184 5.2.1. Early Pliensbachian (Carixian) 184 5.2.2. Late Pliensbachian (Domerian) 186 5.3. Toarcian 186 6. Faunal Composition and Palaeogeographical Remarks 189 7. Conclusion 190 Acknowledgements 190 References 208 Oberostalpine Liasammoniten aus der Adnetformation (Nördlichen Kalkalpen) Zusammenfassung Das Oberostalpin spielt eine Schlüsselrolle für das Verständnis der Verteilungsmuster der jurassischen Ammonitenfaunen und für die Fixierung genauer biostratigraphischer Korrelationen zwischen Tethyaler und Euroborealer Faunenprovinz. -
Paleontological Research of the Mesozoic in Uie Central Zone And
Západně Karpaty • séria paleontológia (1) • P. 7—23 • GÚDŠ • Bratislava • 1975 Miloš Rakús Hettangian ammonites from the Strážovská hornatina Mts. (West Carpathians) 1 plate (CIV), 10 text-figs, Slovak summary The thorough geological — paleontological research of the Mesozoic in uie central zone and particularly in the Strážovská hornatina mountains resulted in detailed knowledge of the Hettangian Ammonites. Conse quently, a summarizing report may be presented on the ammonites. The first, and for considerable time the only published report on the Hettangian Ammonites was that by D. Stúr (1868, p. 378) from the loca lity Rakytov (the Velká Fatra mountains), viz A. psilonotus laevis (Q u .) = Psiloceras psilonotum (Quenstedt). Unfortunately, the find has not been repeated so far. Still I suppose that in this case its presence might be regarded as probable, since: a) the species Psiloceras psilonotum is a typical, easily identifiable form, and it is almost impossible to mistake it for another species; b) on the locality Rakytov are well-developed se quences of the Upper Triassic (the Rhaetic) to Lower Liassic. Both they yielded rich fauna of lamellibranchiates, so the presence of the Hettan gian may be taken for sure there. In the sixties (M. Rakús in M. Mahel 1962; V. Andrusovová —D. Andrusov 1968) published were some reports on the finds of the Hettangian Ammonites from the central zone. In the central zone of the West Carpathians, most Hettangian Ammonites come from the Strá žovská hornatina mountains (Central Slovakia). Other finds are from these localities: — the vicinity of Cierna Lehota (text — fig. 1); — Kozinec (text — fig. 2); — Trencianska Teplá. -
Paleontological Contributions
THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS May 15, 1970 Paper 47 SIGNIFICANCE OF SUTURES IN PHYLOGENY OF AMMONOIDEA JURGEN KULLMANN AND JOST WIEDMANN Universinit Tubingen, Germany ABSTRACT Because of their complex structure ammonoid sutures offer best possibilities for the recognition of homologies. Sutures comprise a set of individual elements, which may be changed during the course of ontogeny and phylogeny as a result of heterotopy, hetero- morphy, and heterochrony. By means of a morphogenetic symbol terminology, sutural formulas may be established which show the composition of adult sutures as well as their ontogenetic development. WEDEKIND ' S terminology system is preferred because it is the oldest and morphogenetically the most consequent, whereas RUZHENTSEV ' S system seems to be inadequate because of its usage of different symbols for homologous elements. WEDEKIND ' S system includes only five symbols: E (for external lobe), L (for lateral lobe), I (for internal lobe), A (for adventitious lobe), U (for umbilical lobe). Investigations on ontogenetic development show that all taxonomic groups of the entire superorder Ammonoidea can be compared one with another by means of their sutural development, expressed by their sutural formulas. Most of the higher and many of the lower taxa can be solely characterized and arranged in phylogenetic relationship by use of their sutural formulas. INTRODUCTION Today very few ammonoid workers doubt the (e.g., conch shape, sculpture, growth lines) rep- importance of sutures as indication of ammonoid resent less complicated structures; therefore, phylogeny. The considerable advances in our numerous homeomorphs restrict the usefulness of knowledge of ammonoid evolution during recent these features for phylogenetic investigations. -
Paleontological Journal
ISSN 0031-0301 PALEONTOLOGICAL JOURNAL A TRANSLATION OF UDC 564.53 Paleontological Journal, 25(4), 1991 HIGHER TAXA OF JURASSIC AND CRETACEOUS AMMONITIDA N. V. Besnosov and I. A. Michailova All-Union Petroleum Geological Exploration Institute; Moscow University Abstract: The division of the order Ammonitida into the four suborders Ammonitina Hyatt, 1889, Haploceratina Besnosov et Michailova, 1983, Perisphinctina Besnosov et Michailova, 1983 and Ancyloceratina Wiedmann, 1966 is substantiated, and the phylogenetic relationships among the suborders and superfamilies are considered. • • • This article completes the systematics of taxa of ordinal, subordinal and superfamilial ranks of the Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonoids that we began in previous publications [3-5). These set forth the history of the problem and the current ideas on the system of the Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonoids, and consider the orders Phylloceratida and Lytoceratida, within the latter of which the independence of the suborder Turrilitina is documented. We believe that the Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonoids should be regarded as belonging to three orders: the Phylloceratida, Lytoceratida and Ammonitida. The first of these orders is small in volume and includes only one superfamily; the second is divided into two suborders and four superfamilies; and the third and largest order, the Ammonitida, combines four suborders and 15 superfamilies (fig. 1 ). The present system of the higher taxa of the Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonoids was described in the Treatiseon InvertebratePaleontology [25] and the SovietPrinciples of Paleontology [12, 13]. Substantial changes were later subsequently introduced into it by Schindewolf [23] and Wiedmann [26, 27], and also by Donovan, Callomon and Howarth [15]. The revision of the taxa of ordinal and familial rank proposed here is based primarily on phylogenetic research both in and outside the Soviet Union during the last three decades [4].