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That the Earliest Groups of Jews Came to China Via the Overland Silk Road
Jews in China: Legends, History and New Perspectives By PAN Guang Jews in Ancient China: The Case of Kaifeng It was during the Tang Dynasty (around the 7th - 8th Century) that the earliest groups of Jews came to China via the overland Silk Road. Others then may come by sea to the coastal areas before moving inland. A few scholars believe that Jews came to China as early as the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. – 220 A.D.) — some even go so far as to place their arrival earlier, during the Zhou Dynasty (around the 6th Century B.C.) — though there have been no archaeological discoveries that would prove such claims. After entering China, Jews lived in many cities and areas, but it was not until in the Song Dynasty (960-1279) that the Kaifeng Jewish Community formed. In the Northern Song Dynasty, a group of Jews came to the then capital Dongjing (now Kaifeng, as it will be referred to below). They were warmly received by the authorities and allowed to live in Kaifeng as Chinese while keeping their own traditions and religious faith. Thereafter, they enjoyed, without prejudice, the same rights and treatment as the Han peoples in matters of residence, mobility, employment, education, land transactions, religious beliefs and marriage. In such a safe, stable and comfortable environment, Jews soon demonstrated their talents in business and finance, achieving successes in commerce and trade and becoming a rich group in Kaifeng. At the same time, their religious activities increased. In 1163, the Jews in Kaifeng built a synagogue right in the heart of the city. -
Community in Exile: German Jewish Identity Development in Wartime Shanghai, 1938-1945 Alice I
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2011 Community in Exile: German Jewish Identity Development in Wartime Shanghai, 1938-1945 Alice I. Reichman Claremont McKenna College Recommended Citation Reichman, Alice I., "Community in Exile: German Jewish Identity Development in Wartime Shanghai, 1938-1945" (2011). CMC Senior Theses. Paper 96. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/96 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CLAREMONT McKENNA COLLEGE COMMUNITY IN EXILE: GERMAN JEWISH IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT IN WARTIME SHANGHAI, 1938-1945 SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR ARTHUR ROSENBAUM AND DEAN GREGORY HESS BY ALICE REICHMAN FOR SENIOR THESIS ACADEMIC YEAR 2010-2011 APRIL 25, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ……………………………………………………………………... iii INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………....1 CHAPTER ONE FLIGHT FROM THE NAZIS AND ARRIVAL IN A FOREIGN LAND ……………………………....7 CHAPTER TWO LIFE AND CONDITIONS IN SHANGHAI ………………………………………………….......22 CHAPTER THREE RESPONDING TO LIFE IN SHANGHAI ……………………………………………………….38 CHAPTER FOUR A HETEROGENEOUS COMMUNITY : DIFFERENCES AMONG JEWISH REFUGEES ……………. 49 CHAPTER FIVE MAINTAINING A CENTRAL EUROPEAN IDENTITY : GERMANIC CULTURE COMES TO SHANGHAI ………………………………………………………………………………... 64 CHAPTER SIX YOUTH EXPERIENCE …………………………………………………………………….... 80 CHAPTER SEVEN A COSMOPOLITAN CITY : ENCOUNTERS AND EXCHANGES WITH OTHER CULTURES ……....98 CONCLUSION ………………………………………………………………………….... 108 DIRECTORY OF REFERENCED SURVIVORS ………………………………………………. 112 BIBLIOGRAPHY ………………………………………………………………………….. 117 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would first like to thank my reader, Professor Arthur Rosenbaum, for all the help that he has given me throughout this process. Without his guidance this thesis would not have been possible. I am grateful for how understanding and supportive he was throughout this stressful year. -
Portuguese in Shanghai
CONTENTS Introduction by R. Edward Glatfelter 1 Chapter One: The Portuguese Population of Shanghai..........................................................6 Chapter Two: The Portuguese Consulate - General of Shanghai.........................................17 ---The Personnel of the Portuguese Consulate-General at Shanghai.............18 ---Locations of the Portuguese Consulate - General at Shanghai..................23 Chapter Three: The Portuguese Company of the Shanghai Volunteer Corps........................24 ---Founding of the Company.........................................................................24 ---The Personnel of the Company..................................................................31 Activities of the Company.............................................................................32 Chapter Four: The portuguese Cultural Institutions and Public Organizations....................36 ---The Portuguese Press in Shanghai.............................................................37 ---The Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus...................................................39 ---The Apollo Theatre....................................................................................39 ---Portuguese Public Organizations...............................................................40 Chapter Five: The Social Problems of the Portuguese in Shanghai.....................................45 ---Employment Problems of the Portuguese in Shanghai..............................45 ---The Living Standard of the Portuguese in Shanghai.................................47 -
SHEN-DISSERTATION-2019.Pdf (12.95Mb)
ENGINEERING SHANGHAI: WATER, SEWAGE, AND THE MAKING OF HYDRAULIC MODERNITY A Dissertation Presented to The Academic Faculty by Xincheng Shen In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree PhD in the SCHOOL OF HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY Georgia Institute of Technology MAY 2019 COPYRIGHT © 2019 BY XINCHENG SHEN ENGINEERING SHANGHAI: WATER, SEWAGE, AND THE MAKING OF HYDRAULIC MODERNITY Approved by: Dr. Hanchao Lu, Advisor Dr. Joe Brown School of History and Sociology School of Civil and Environmental Georgia Institute of Technology Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. John Krige Dr. John Tone School of History and Sociology School of History and Sociology Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Laura Bier School of History and Sociology Georgia Institute of Technology Date Approved: [March 11, 2019] In Memory of My Grandparents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The origin of this research is a myth. As far as I recall, I came up with this idea of studying city water infrastructures as a midway to combine my archaeology background and the new pursuit of STS and urban history. But my father insists that he is the one who crafted the theme in one of our many conversations. Either way, I owe a great deal to my parents, whose integrity, compassion, patriotism, and thirst for knowledge never cease to amaze me. Living up to their expectation is not easy. With this dissertation completed I hope I am half way there. Six years ago, I decided to come to Georgia Tech for my PhD study. It turned out to be one of the best decisions I have ever made. -
The British State at the Margins of Empire Extraterritoriality and Governance in Treaty Port China, 1842-1927
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Thompson, Alex Title: The British state at the margins of empire extraterritoriality and governance in treaty port China, 1842-1927 General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. The British state at the margins of empire: extraterritoriality and governance in treaty port China, 1842-1927 Alexander Thompson A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts, May 2018. -
Chasing the Dragon in Shanghai Canada's Early Relations With
John D. Meehan, S.J. Chasing the Dragon in Shanghai Canada’s Early Relations with China, 1858-1952 Sample Material © 2011 UBC Press Contents List of Illustrations / ix Acknowledgments / xi Note on Names / xiii Select Street Names in Shanghai / xiv Abbreviations / xv Prologue: The Gateway to China / 3 1 Imperial Overtures / 12 2 Establishing a Presence / 35 3 The Tide of Nationalism / 60 4 A False Security / 84 5 Forged in Fire / 128 6 Preparing for the End / 154 Conclusion: From Asymmetry to Opportunity / 179 Appendix: List of Canadians Interned in Shanghai (1943-45) / 186 Notes / 192 Select Bibliography / 219 Index / 224 Sample Material © 2011 UBC Press Sample Material © 2011 UBC Press Illustrations Map Map of Shanghai / xvi Figures 1 The Bund, as seen from the NYK wharves in Hongkou / 110 2 Lord James Bruce / 111 3 Zikawei / 111 4 Donald MacGillivray and his wife, Elizabeth, with staff of the Christian Literature Society, c. 1924 / 112 5 W.L. Mackenzie King as part of the British delegation at the International Opium Conference, Shanghai, 1909 / 112-13 6 Rev. Alexander (“Aleck”) Trivett / 113 7 Jesuit priest Francis (“Shanghai Mac”) McDonald / 114 8 Canadian Pacific office on the Bund / 114 9 The Empress of Canada docking at Shanghai / 115 10 Nanjing Road, Shanghai’s main commercial thoroughfare / 116 11 Lieutenant Colonel L. Moore Cosgrave, Canadian trade commissioner in Shanghai (1925-34) / 117 12 The Bund Garden / 117 13 Canada’s trade office in Shanghai / 118 14 Shanghai’s Bund during its heyday in the 1930s / 119 15 Broadway Mansions in downtown Shanghai during the mid-1930s / 119 16 Traffic on Nanjing Road / 120 17 Adrien Sansoucy surrounded by fellow Jesuits from Zikawei / 120 Sample Material © 2011 UBC Press x Chasing the Dragon in Shanghai 18 Members of the Canadian Club, Shanghai, c. -
Jewish Merchants' Community in Shanghai :A Study of the Kadoorie Enterprise, 1890-1950 Yuk Chui Kong
Hong Kong Baptist University HKBU Institutional Repository Open Access Theses and Dissertations Electronic Theses and Dissertations 8-30-2017 Jewish merchants' community in Shanghai :a study of the Kadoorie Enterprise, 1890-1950 Yuk Chui Kong Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa Recommended Citation Kong, Yuk Chui, "Jewish merchants' community in Shanghai :a study of the Kadoorie Enterprise, 1890-1950" (2017). Open Access Theses and Dissertations. 417. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/417 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at HKBU Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of HKBU Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY Doctor of Philosophy THESIS ACCEPTANCE DATE: August 30, 2017 STUDENT'S NAME: KONG Yuk Chui THESIS TITLE: Jewish Merchants’ Community in Shanghai - A Study of the Kadoorie Enterprise, 1890-1950 This is to certify that the above student's thesis has been examined by the following panel members and has received full approval for acceptance in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Chairman: Prof. Chu Cindy Y Y Professor, Department of History, HKBU (Designated by Dean of Faculty of Social Sciences) Internal Members: Prof. Ho Clara Wing-chung Head, Department of History, HKBU Dr. Wong Man Kong Associate Professor, Department of History, HKBU External Members: Prof. Ho Pui Yin Professor Department of History The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prof. Chiu Yu Lok Professor School of Arts and Social Sciences The Open University of Hong Kong In-attendance: Prof. -
The German-Jewish Refugees in Shanghai During the Second World War Leah Gottheiner (2005) “My Mother Did Not Want to Leave Breslau, Especially to Go to Shanghai
You Don’t Have to Live Like a Refugee: The German-Jewish Refugees in Shanghai During the Second World War Leah Gottheiner (2005) “My mother did not want to leave Breslau, especially to go to Shanghai. If my older brother had not fled to Shanghai on his own in 1938 forcing my mother to give in to be near her first-born son, I’m sure that I would not be alive today. We were among the last to get out.”[1] In June of 1940, my grandfather Hans Gottheiner and his parents Jon and Frieda boarded a train in Breslau, Germany. This train was one of the very last available means of escape for a Jewish family from Nazi Germany. Young Hans, only ten years old, and his parents traveled through the Soviet Union, stopping in such places as Moscow and Siberia, until finally arriving six weeks later in Shanghai, China, the only haven open to them. Hans and his parents spent the next eight years living in Shanghai while hoping to someday move to a more desirable and permanent location. In the late 1930s and early 1940s thousands of Jews in Germany and Austria were fortunate to escape the persecution of the Nazis. Often these Jews fled Europe with little more than the clothes on their backs, but still maintained the hope that life in their new homes had to be better than the horrors they had experienced under the Nazis. Shanghai became an unexpected refuge for nearly twenty thousand Jews during the Holocaust, but the city posed obstacles of its own. -
Sino-Judaic Institute Records
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt700035c0 No online items Register of the Sino-Judaic Institute records Finding aid prepared by Jill Golden and Rachel Yamada Hoover Institution Library and Archives © 2012, 2014 434 Galvez Mall Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-6003 [email protected] URL: http://www.hoover.org/library-and-archives Register of the Sino-Judaic 93031 1 Institute records Title: Sino-Judaic Institute records Date (inclusive): 1910-2012 Collection Number: 93031 Contributing Institution: Hoover Institution Library and Archives Language of Material: In English, Chinese, Russian, Polish, and other languages Physical Description: 34 manuscript boxes, 1 oversized box(14.7 Linear Feet) Abstract: Memoirs, letters, personal identification documents, financial reports, bylaws, printed matter, photographs, and audiovisual material relating to Russian, Polish, other European Jews, and Jewish communal organizations in China, especially in Shanghai. Includes photocopy of a register of Polish citizens in China maintained by Polish consular officials from 1934 to 1942. Collected by the Sino-Judaic Institute. Creator: Sino-Judaic Institute Hoover Institution Library & Archives Access The collection is open for research; materials must be requested at least two business days in advance of intended use. Publication Rights For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Acquisition Information Materials were acquired by the Hoover Institution Library & Archives in 1993, with increments received in 2013 and 2014. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Sino-Judaic Institute Collection, [Box no., Folder no. or title], Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Historical note Founded in 1985 in Palo Alto, the Sino-Judaic Institute has sought to study and promote the ancient Jewish community of Kaifeng, China and to assist the descendants in reconnecting with their Jewish heritage. -
The Jewish Company of the Shanghai Volunteer Corps, 1932–42
10 Trans 41 2/26/07 9:17 AM Page 183 Jewish Historical Studies, volume 41, 2007 Hagedud Ha-Sini: The Jewish Company of the Shanghai Volunteer Corps, 1932–42 MARTIN SUGARMAN The Shanghai Volunteer Corps (SVC) was set up in 1853 as a voluntary international militia by various European countries, and including Russia, Japan and the USA, to protect their foreign-trade missions from the frequent local civil wars and general disorder in Shanghai during the nine- teenth and early twentieth centuries. At one time the SVC had volunteers of more than twenty different nationalities. It was usually mobilized in response to riots or to augment regular foreign garrisons in the city (a strategic reserve) or to form expeditionary forces, such as during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900. For most of its existence, the force was funded by the Shanghai Municipal Council, but volunteers received no pay, with the exception of the professional White Russian Company. It comprized at its peak twenty-three different units, among them Light Horse, Artillery and Air Defence, as well as national units such as Portuguese and Chinese. These included from 1932 a Jewish Company.1 The SVC’s roll at its peak in the late 1930s was 2300 men. Its longest mobi- lization was in August 1937 during the Sino-Japanese War. The Japanese had surrounded the city from 1932, and the SVC’s task was to keep them out and to help patrol the entry points facing the Japanese forces. When the British formally withdrew in 1940, the SVC took permanent control of the so-called International Settlement, the area within the city where the foreign residents lived and mostly worked. -
Jewish Past and Colonial Shanghai: Trade, Treaty-Port, and Transitive Modernity
JEWISH PAST AND COLONIAL SHANGHAI: TRADE, TREATY-PORT, AND TRANSITIVE MODERNITY BY JIN GONG DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in East Asian Languages and Cultures in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2016 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Dan Shao, Chair Professor Poshek Fu Professor Eugene Avrutin Professor Kai-wing Chow ii Abstract This dissertation explores the transnational and colonial encounters of Sephardic Jews and Chinese in treaty-port Shanghai by examining 1) the Jewish networks of capital, goods, and market; 2) Jewish elites and their political activism; 3) transnational legal and political status of Sephardic Jewish elites in Shanghai and 4) Jewish cultural heritage in Shanghai. A central argument of this work is that as an expatriate business community living in treaty-port Shanghai, Sephardic Jews took advantage of the British colonial system to achieve wealth and at the same time established extensive contacts with the Chinese in Shanghai. As a result, they deeply influenced Shanghai’s economic, political and social institutions and rhythms of life. Using both Chinese and English archival resources, a wide range of Chinese and English language newspapers and periodicals, this study contributes new materials and analyses to three areas of scholarly research: the modern history of Shanghai, Jewish diaspora in port-cities, and colonial studies in China. Ultimately, the purpose of this study is twofold: to document the economic/social encounters of Jews and Chinese in a colonial context and to examine the urbanization and modernization process of Shanghai itself as a result of this encounter. -
Nancy Nalezyty, M.A., 2009
ABSTRACT Title of Document: PUBLIC WORKS, MODERNITY, AND CHINESE NATIONALISM IN SHANGHAI, 1911-1941 Nancy Nalezyty, M.A., 2009 Directed By: Professor James Z. Gao, Department of History This thesis focuses on the roads and public services created by the SMC because they are a topic which clearly illustrates the ambiguity of colonial modernism in Shanghai. This colonial modernism, which in Shanghai was largely instigated by the SMC, is a process which not only made the Chinese victims of colonial modernity, but also taught the Chinese the value of this Western modernity. This thesis will attempt to re-examine the urban expansion of Shanghai by focusing less on the diplomatic aspect of this topic and instead on examining the use of each parcel of land as a part of the urban infrastructure and how this affected the modernization and nationalism in China. It will do so by exploring the building of roads and other public services by the SMC, during the majority of the Chinese Republican Period. It will focusing less on cultural aspects and instead will focus on use of land, construction of roads, and the development of urban infrastructure, which gave rise to colonial modernism and Chinese nationalism. PUBLIC WORKS, MODERNITY, AND CHINESE NATIONALISM IN SHANGHAI, 1911-1941 By Nancy Su Nalezyty Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2009 Advisory Committee: Professor James Z. Gao, Chair Professor Andrea Goldman