Jejak Vol 10 (2) (2017): 350-360. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v10i2.11299
JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/jejak Willingness to Pay of Ecotourism Visitors
Ade Paranata1 , Himawan Sutanto2, Muhammad Mujahid Dakwah3
1,2,3Economics and Business Faculty, Mataram University
Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v10i2.11299
Received: February 2017; Accepted: May 2017; Published: September 2017
Abstract This study aims at analyzing the willingness to pay (WTP) of the visitors in Bird Watching Ecotourism in Lake Meno and the factors that influence the WTP value. The research is located in Gili Meno. The method used is quantitative method. The total samples are 38 obtained by accidental sampling. The procedure of analysis used the Contingent Valuation Method and Logit Model. The results showed that in the samples there are 27 people (77.14%) who are willing to pay (dominated by foreign tourists) and eight people (22.86%) who are not willing to pay with various reasons. The average value of WTP that can be proposed as a reference of environmental service is Rp 39,189.
Key words : WTP, CVM, Logit.
How to Cite: Paranata, A., Sutanto, H., & Dakwah, M. (2017). Willingness to Pay of Ecotourism Visitors. JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan, 10(2), 350-360. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v10i2.11299
© 2017 Semarang State University. All rights reserved Corresponding author : ISSN 1979-715X Address: Jl. Majapahit No.62, Gomong, Selaparang, Dasan Agung Baru, Selaparang, Kota Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Bar. 83115 E-mail: [email protected]
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INTRODUCTION lodging facilities compared to Gili Trawangan and Gili Air. Moreover, Gili Meno is designed as Over the last few decades, tourism a special destination for the visitors who look for sector has become an interesting topic to peace with a natural atmosphere. discuss in the study of development Gili Meno has an area of ± 150 ha with a economics (Holik, 2016). Indonesia is an circumference of ± 4 km island. Geographically it archipelago country that has various kinds of is inseparable from the other two gili, which species and ecosystem (Chairiyah, 2013). located at 8º 20º - 8º 23º LS and 116º00º - 116º 08º Therefore, with the various diversities, the BT. Administratively Gili Meno is included in Gili tourism sector, especially in the region, can be Indah Village, Pemenang District. Gili Meno has a force in order to develop the potential of its own uniqueness. The uniqueness that can be each region. The tourism sector in North found in Gili Meno is a salt water lake located in Lombok Regency (KLU) becomes the the middle of the island, and also the mangrove backbone of the regional economy. The Three forests that are home to a variety of fauna, one of Gili Islands in Lombok is now famous as one which is birds. Hadiprayitno (2000) found 34 of the most destinations that are visited by bird species belonging to 16 families. Later, tourists. In fact, the area is always crowded by Hadiprayitno and Saleh (2001) and Hadiprayitno the domestic and foreign tourists. The region and Abdurrahman (2002) recorded 28 species of is famous as Gili Matra (Gili Meno, Gili Air birds belonging to 12 families. In 2009 the and Gili Trawangan). research was continued and recorded 25 species The swift flow of tourists visiting the of birds belonging to 15 families. region of Three Gili does not only occur on Furthermore, Atmanegara (2010) has weekends and school holidays but almost found eleven species of birds in Gili Meno that every day. Here is the presentation of data on belong to four families. Meanwhile, the following the number of tourists visiting the Three Gili year Hadiprayitno (2010) claimed that he has Islands. Based on the information presented found twelve bird species belonging to five in table 1 above, it shows that the number of families. Atmanegara explained that the species tourists’ visits is dominated by the foreign of birds found did not have too much difference tourists. Overall the number of tourists is with Hadiprayitno's findings. Hadiprayitno 28,000 people. In April the number of tourists’ (2012) explained that the different types of birds arrivals has not been recorded as a whole. found previously are caused by various factors, However, the development of tourists’ visit including the reduction of the lake water that data in Gili Meno is the lowest among the two occurred when the research was conducted. other gili. It is because Gili Meno has fewer
Table 1. Tourists’ Visits in Three Gili, North Lombok Regency, until April 2015 Trawangan Meno Air Month Total Indonesia Foreign Indonesia Foreign Indonesia Foreign January 3,704 15,953 1 493 233 7,725 28,109 February 3,127 18,992 20 83 153 7,270 29,645 March 4,092 16,554 11 96 225 7,839 28,817 April - - 9 38 - - 47 Source: Office of Tourism KLU, 2015
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In rainy season the volume of water community from both Singapadu Village and increases, while in dry season the volume of from outside the village is quite beneficial water decreases, resulting in the reduction of because most villagers are the art workers and the resources in it (fish). Besides, the their products can be sold around the BPP area. destruction of mangrove forests also triggers Then, Marjuka (2007) conducted a the reduction of bird species in Lake Meno. research at the small island tourism object in Variety of bird species in Gili Meno, Kepulauan Seribu (Thousand Islands) with travel especially in Lake Meno may be the special cost method. The results show that on the attraction for the tourists, so the existence of ecotourism object of coastal area of Kepulauan the fauna needs to be preserved. This form of Seribu, the average willingness to pay is Rp conservation can be tested from the tourists’ 50,641.2 per 1000 people or equals to 23,034 per willingness to pay for the nature tourism visit. The value paid by the consumers is Rp services in Lake Meno that is bird watching. 32,108.69 per 100 people or Rp 14,605 per visit and Besides, the role of Gili Meno community is the consumer surplus is 18,550.43 per 1000 people also considered very important in or Rp 8,429 per visit. maintaining the sustainability of Lake Meno Furthermore, Miandi and Arifin (2010) Bird Watching Ecotourism. According to conducted a research on the development and Ahyadi, et.al.(2014), mangrove forests around management plan of the landscape of Lake Lake Meno have great potential for Kerinci tourism object in Kerinci Regency, Jambi. developing bird watching tourism area. But The objective to achieve is to analyze the existing the Gili Meno people have a great dependence condition of the landscape of that area. The on the mangrove forests, especially for method used is survey method. The results firewood, so that it causes an increase in forest obtained that there are still weaknesses of the destruction. funding deficiencies such as the following: 1) the The future potential development of management and maintenance of the landscape bird watching ecotourism is largely is still low, 2) the condition of are is arid and hot, determined by various stakeholder behaviors. 3) the division of space for recreational activities Therefore, the research becomes very is not clear and 4) the number of managers is interesting because not only seeing the very little. behavior of the surrounding community in A research was also conducted by Suja and maintaining the sustainability of mangrove Budiarta (2012) that aimed at finding a model of forests as the habitat of various species of Lake Buyan ecotourism development as a tourist birds but also seeing the response of the object in Bali. The method used is the contingent tourists related to their willingness to pay for valuation by exploring the individual response the bird watching ecotourism in Lake Meno. about willingness to pay (WTP) per visit. The Darmayanti (2001) conducted a results obtained in the field of the total value research to determine the amount of benefits without the use of Lake Buyan recreational benefits with the Travel Cost ecotourism area as a tourist object depend on the Method and the Contingent Valuation WTP that amounted to Rp 11,646,800 Method approaches. The results obtained that Furthermore, Maria et.al.(2013) conducted the economic impact of the existence of Bali a research on the economic value of ecotourism Bird Park (BPP) for the surrounding of Lake Sentarum National Park in Kapuas Hulu
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Regency, West Kalimantan Province. The researchers tend to direct the research more on method used in this research is Stepwise the development of bird watching ecotourism by Regression with dependent variable (Y) = visit doing action research with Participatory Rural per 1000 inhabitants, X1 is the total average Appraisal method. The bird watching training travel cost from each zone (Rp / org), X2 is the has succeeded in increasing the knowledge and average visitor age, X3 is the average income skills of Meno Lestari Group in conducting bird (Rp / org), X4 is the level of education (year), watching in the field. A total of 25 species of birds X5 is the length of visit (day). The result is R2 have been well identified by the group. 88,7%. The effect of these four variables is Buaton and Purwadio (2015) examined significant in 95% of confidence degree. If what criteria can be developed in Lake Toba there is no additional price of admission, it is Tourism Area, Prapat, North Sumatra. The estimated that the number of visits per year of method used is descriptive and Delphi analysis. 409 visitors with the economic value of In the formulation of development criteria, a ecotourism in this area is a value of Rp triangulation analysis is applied. Haisl’s research 332,904,984. Actually the visitors have indicated that the development criteria of Lake willingness to pay Rp 486,970,684 so that the Toba must have a cool climate, environment consumers’ surplus obtained is Rp without pollution, the community participate in 154,065,699. maintaining cleanliness and environmental Mahyuda et.al. (2013) conducted a sustainability, tour packages around the tourism research on the potential of Lake Bekat in objects in Parapat and tour packages with Sanggau Regency. The method used is the Samosir tourism area in Tomok and Tuk-Tuk, descriptive method based on the Standard of the role of institution in managing the tourism Rewarding and Development of Natural and abstraction of Tor-tor dance culture tourism Tourism Object issued by the Commission for and Gondang Batak music and the utilization of Cooperation of Assessment and Development online media for promotion. of Nature Tourism Object (1993). The result According to Douglas (1982) in shows that the attractive potency of Lake Darmayanti (2001), the demand for recreation is Bekat is categorized enough (C) to be a water the number of recreational opportunities desired tourism destination, which means that Lake by the community or the total description of Bekat can be used as a tourism object but public participation in recreational activities in there are still some things that require special general that is expected when adequate facilities attention from the surrounding community are available or when fulfilling the community’s or the local government. wishes. More than that, Hadiprayitno (2014) Badrudin (2001) defined tourism as a conducted a research on Lake Meno as a journey from one place to another, temporary, learning media for observation of bird bio- conducted by individuals and groups, in an effort ecology in North Lombok. Some bird species to find balance or harmony with the are endemic and protected by the law. Lake environment in the social, cultural, natural, and Meno is an area that has a significant meaning scientific dimensions. as a habitat that supports the life of species of According to Pendit (2000: 20), everything birds that are important in conservation. is interesting and worth to visit and seen is called Ahyadi, et.al.(2014) also conducted a the attraction or commonly also called tourism research in the same location. But here, the object. The attraction Includes amazing
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panorama of natural beauty such as parks are built for their visit (Basuni 1997). The mountains, valleys, canyons, waterfalls, lakes, assumptions used in the contingent method beaches, sunrises, sunsets, weather, air etc. according to Davis and Jhonson (1987) in Safri Besides, it also includes some of the cultures et.al. (1996) are as follows: 1) respondents must of human creation such as monuments, be representative and comparable for all surveys, temples and classical buildings, ancient relics, 2) in the first survey the visitor must have enough cultural museums, ancient architecture, ability to develop the relative value, 3) interview dance, musical art, religion, customs, and questionnaire can objectively determine the ceremonies, festivals, anniversaries value of benefits without any different celebrations, matches, or cultural activities of interpretation of each respondent a special, prominent and festive nature. Meanwhile, according to Pearce and The travel cost model is used to see the Turner (1990) in Safri et.al.(1996), this approach amount of time and money the visitor spends can lead to several biases in the following: 1) bias on traveling to a place as a proxy or a price due to the strategy to get the correct answer; 2) substitute, together with the level of bias due to the design of the questionnaire participation and the characteristics of because of different understanding of means of visitors to estimate the recreational value of payment (tax and entrance ticket prices). Based the place (Basuni 1997). on the above background, this research has a According to Hufschmidt et.al. (1996), purpose that is to analyze the willingness to pay the core of the travel cost approach is that the visitors to the Bird Watching Ecotourism in Lake cost of traveling to a recreation place will Meno and the factors that affect the value of affect the number of visits made by a person. WTP. The farther a person’s home to come utilizing RESEARCH METHODS the facilities of tourism objects are, the less the opportunity to take advantage of the place This research was conducted at North will be. The assumptions in the trip cost Lombok Regency, Gili Matra area (Meno, approach are as follow: 1) all users receive the Trawangan and Air), precisely in Gili Meno. The same total benefits over recreational benefits research was conducted for six months. The and this equals to the cost of the marginal respondents in the research are the tourists who user that is zero; 2) the surplus of the marginal visited Gili Meno both abroad and domestic. The user consumer is zero; 3) the travel cost is the sampling technique was done by accidental price change data; 4) the person at all distance sampling of 35 people. There are several stages of will consume the same amount for a certain method in data analysis as follows: cost. Analysis of the tourists’ (visitors’) Furthermore, the contingent valuation willingness to pay the "levy" of bird-watching method (CVM) is used in rural surveys and eco-tourism as an effort to conserve the Nature. the CVM tourist survey is used as an Logit model is as follows: alternative method of the travel cost method e( x) to estimate the park's total value for the L ...... 1 i 1 e x tourists. This question is arranged within the limits of how many tourists will have the So there will be a form of logit model: willingness to pay for their travels if the new
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Li 0 1TPi 2 PDi 3 PM i 4 FK i 5 BK i i ...... 3 ...... 2 where: EWTP = expected average of WTP Li = middle value of WTP respondent (Rp) Wi = The-I WTP value n = number of respondents 훽0 = Intercept i = the-i respondent willing to pay 훽1,… 훽6 = coefficient of regression 푃D = average income monthly (Rp) The sum of data is the process in which the BK = Visit’s Cost middle value of the bid is converted to the total 푃푀 = Knowledge of benefits of population concerned. After guessing the middle Bird-Watching ecotourism value of WTP, the value of Total WTP from the (valued 1 for “Know” and tourists can be assumed. valued 0 for “Not Know” n FK = Visit’s Frequency ni TWTP WTPi P ...... 4 i = the-i respondent (i = 1,2,3 i1 N …n) 휀 = galat TWTP = Total WTP
WTPi = WTP the-i individual sample
Analysis of WTP Value from Tourists ni = the-i sample willing to pay WTP by creating a hypothetical market. If the bird- N = Number of sample watching ecotourism manager plans to P = Number of population preserve Lake Meno to keep the ecosystem i = The-i respondent willing to pay function and the preservation, thus, the retribution (i=1,2,3…n) manager will also expect the funding for the participation of tourists who come to visit Evaluating CVM Usage where the funds will be managed as Analysis of WTP Function operational funds such as improving areas, Regression equation of WTP value in this buying facilities and supporting research is: infrastructure. The technique to getting bids of value of WTPi 0 1PD 2BK i 3PM i 4FK i i WTP used method of open questioning ...... 5 approach because in this research wanted to In which : know the tourists’ concern that can be seen WTP = middle value of WTP respondent (Rp) from the lowest to the highest WTP the 훽0 = Intercept tourists give so that the manager will know 훽1,… 훽6 = regression coefficient the amount of services that can be reached by 푃D = Average of monthly income (Rp) the community. BK = Visit Cost Estimating the WTP Average Value 푃푀 = Knowledge of benefits of Bird (Calculating Average WTP). WTP can be Waching eco-tourism (valued 1 for expected by using the average value of the “Know” and valued 0 for “Not Know” overall value. The following is the formula: n Wi EWTP i1 n 356 Ade Paranata et al., Analysis of Willingness to Pay of Visitors
FK = Visit Frequency indicating that the ability of independent i = the-i respondent (i = 1,2,3 …n) variables in explaining the dependent variable is 휀 = galat 4.8% and there are 100% - 4.8% = 95.2% other factors outside the model explaining the Parameter of testing is conducted to dependent variable. check the model's goodness, which steps are Hosmer and Lemeshow Test is a test of Test G, Wald Test, Test t Statistic, F Test Goodness of fit test (GoF), which is a test to Statistic and Deviation Test determine whether the model formed is correct (Multicollinearity, Heteroscedasticity Test, or not. The value of Chi Square Hosmer and Odd Ratio). Lemeshow calculate 4.685
JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy Vol 10 (2) (2017): 350-360 357 5 tourists where their response to the good area becomes the trigger of the low chances environmental improvement is very good. of WTP tourists although the visit is as an effort The results indicate that the average to preserve the environment. variable of income does not significantly The variable knowledge of the benefits of influence Lake Meno Bird Watching Lake Meno Bird Watching Ecotourism is with ecotourism, but it positively correlates OR 1.323, so the respondents who know the indicating the lack of attention of the tourists benefits are more willing to pay 1.323 times to the existence of ecotourism. Moreover, the compared to those who do not know that. These ecotourism is located in Three Gili Area where variables have a positive relationship with WTP Gili Meno is minimally visited. Besides, more opportunities. Based on the results of data tourist activities are spent in Gili Trawangan processing, it is known that although it has a that provide more complete party facilities positive relationship but partially the variable of and the average of tourists will spend the knowledge of the benefits of Bird Watching holiday (and money) there. According to the ecotourism has no significant effect. data, there are no respondents with average Tourism area of Three Gili is included in income above Rp 1 million. It should be the kind of nature tourism area. Most tourists expected that for the tourists that if they have spend the holiday time just to have fun enjoying an average of income above Rp 1 million, they the beautiful beach area at Three Gili. Among the will be willing to pay for the services of Bird tour packages offered in Three Gili, none of Watching ecotourism. which offers a trip to Lake Meno. Therefore, In variable cost of visit with OR 1.105, although the tourists know the benefits of Bird the respondents with big cost are more willing Watching ecotourism but it does not mean that to pay 1.105 times compared to the it will increase the opportunity of WTP because respondents with low cost. Because value B is it does not include the priority objects visited. Of positive, the cost of visit has a positive course the characteristics of Lake Meno - Bird relationship with WTP. Of course, the Wacthing are included in the special interest respondents with high costs are foreign tours. The government needs to cooperate with tourists with high expectations of the objects the tour and travel agents in Three Gili area an they visit. Moreover, the object visited is a also in North Lombok so that in the package of bird-watching ecotourism that is united with tourist trip the object of Lake Meno also becomes Lake Meno. Therefore, for the visitors, paying the target. more services for the environmental quality The above thing also applies equally to the improvement around the ecotourism is traffic frequency variable. It can be seen that with considered as an investment for the OR 0.836 the respondent with frequency of visit environment. more than 1 times are more willing to pay 0.836 However, in fact the cost of visits does times compared to the respondent with not affect the WTP opportunity variables. frequency -1. This means that if the frequency of This is understandable considering that Bird respondents <2 times, the respondent is willing Watching tourism object has not been to pay, vice versa. The meaning of the data managed optimally by the Local Government processing is clear that Lake Meno, especially the so it possibly will break the expectations of Bird Watching ecotourism has not become a the tourists on a visit to the object. The lack priority of tourists. Therefore, the local of promotion and spatial arrangement of a government's efforts in handling and managing
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the ecotourism must be maximized by the WTP. This becomes interesting because the effort of cleaning the area, providing the assumption is that it goes the same way. officers and the tour guides, cleaning the lake, However, in the case of Lake Meno Bird providing the water sports facilities, providing Watching Ecotourism, these assumptions do not public toilets appropriate for the tourists. work. One of the allegations that make it happen After all facilities and infrastructures are well is that Lake Meno is not the top priority of the provisioned, the government can provide tourists. The problem is that the government reciprocal services for the Lake Meno Bird does not provide promotional space for the Watching ecotourism area. ecotourism. Furthermore, based on the calculation of the average value of WTP with 27 Table 3. Result of Regression Test respondents who are willing to pay, the Variable Coefficient t- Significance average value of WTP is Rp 39,189. The count average value of WTP is quite representative Constanta 34692.70 4.270 0.000 PD -0104 -0.521 0.606 considering the efforts of Lake Meno BK 0.613 3.217 0.003 conservation area along with the entire MFT -0.268 -1.871 0.071 ecosystem in it will take a long time if there is FK 0.109 0.775 0.444 the damage either natural or not. For that Source: Data Processed reason, the economic value of Lake Meno area based on the calculation is considered quite Furthermore, the second variable t-count appropriate. is greater than t table. The cost of increased visits The local government of KLU must leads to an increase in the average value of WTP. seize the new opportunities as revenue of This indicates that the more foreign tourists are, PAD from the new post that is Lake Meno Bird the more the WTP will also increase. This means Watching Ecotourism. Adaptive efforts such rejecting the initial hypothesis posed in the as rearranging the area with processes such as model with a negative sign. Of course this is a waste cleaning activities around the lake area, great opportunity for the management of Bird maintaining the cleanliness of the lake water, Watching ecotourism if the object becomes a creating a guard post in some places around target trip moreover the area of Tiga Gili the lake, providing a garbage can, clean toilet especially Gili Meno is dominated by the foreign providers for visitors and also providing a tourists. For the third variable it is known that t- basic reference about bird fauna in mangrove count is greater than t table. forest of Lake Meno (in cooperation with The more increasing the knowledge of related institutions for inventory). respondents to the efforts of the Lake Meno area Moreover, based on the results of preservation is, it will reduce the average value of multiple linear regression testing, the results WTP. This is in contrast to the proposed are obtained as presented in the following hypothesis. It could be possible that the higher table 3. Based on the results in table 3, it is the level of knowledge is not directly known that t-table is 1.697. In the first proportional to the level of education of the variable, t-count is smaller than t-table, which respondents. In this case, only the high level of means that if the income increases one unit, knowledge on the benefits of Bird Watching it will cause a decrease in the mean value of
JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy Vol 10 (2) (2017): 350-360 359 \ 5 ecotourism does not mean there are high Atmanegara, F. (2010). Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung Air di levels of willingness to pay of the respondents. Sekitar Danau Gili Meno, Lombok Utara. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Mataram: Universitas In the fourth variable t-count is smaller Mataram. than t table. This means that the higher or the Badrudin, R (2001). Menggali Sumber PAD Daerah Istimewa more frequent the visits to the Lake Meno Yogyakarta Melalui Pengembangan Industri Bird Watching ecotourism area is will Pariwisata . Jurnal Kompak No. 3 hal 384. Buaton, K.W.S dan Purwadio, Heru, Purwadio (2015). increase the awareness of willingness to pay of Kriteria Pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Danau the tourists. This is in accordance with the Toba Prapat, Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Teknik ITS. hypothesis proposed in the model. Of course, Vol. 4 No. 1. Halaman C-1-C5. with any improvements made by the local Chairiyah, Nurul. (2013). Review : Taxonomic Contribution government as the owner of the regional for Ecotourism Development in Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development in Indonesia authority, it is not impossible that there will Vol 1 No 3 pp 115-122. be an opportunity for high number of tourists, Dajan, Anto (2002). Pengantar Metode Statistik. Jilid II. especially in Lake Meno, which will affect the Jakarta, LP3ES. PAD of the tourism sector. Besides, the Darmayanti, Tri Putu Lisna (2001). Penilaian Manfaat Rekreasi di Taman Burung – Bali Bird Park calculation results obtained R Square value of Kabupaten Gianyar. Skripsi Dipublikasikan – 0.472. In other words, there are still variables Insitute Pertanian Bogor. that need to be considered for inclusion in the Dinas Pariwisata, Kabupaten Lombok Utara (2015). Data willingness to pay model for Lake Meno Bird Kunjungan Wisatawan Tahun 2015 Watching ecotourism. Douglass, RW. (1982). Forest Recreation. Pargamno Press, New York.
Ghozali, Imam, (2005). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate CONCLUSION dengan Program SPSS. Semarang – Universitas To capture the opportunities of PAD Diponegoro Press. revenue from tourism posts, particularly the Hadiprayitno, (2010). Danau Meno Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Untuk Pengamatan Bio Ekologi special interest tourism such as Lake Meno Burung di Lombok Utara. Seminar Nasional X Bird Watching Ecotourism, the KLU Local Pendidikan Biologi FKIP UNS. Government should make the area the Holik, Abdul, (2016). Relantionship of Economic Growth priority of special conservation or with Tourism Sector. JEJAK Journal of Economic and improvement. So far, when viewing the facts, Policy Vol 9 (1) pp 16-33. Hosmer, D.W dan Lemeshow, S. (1989). Applied Logistic. the field seems neglected. More attention Regression. New York. Jhon Wiley & Son. from the local government is desirable for the Hufschmidt, MM. D.E, James, A.D Meister, B.T Bower & J.A sustainability of Lake Meno ecosystem Dixon (1996). Lingkungan, Sistem Alami dan particularly the existing bird habitat. Pembangunan: Pedoman Penilaian Praktis. (terj. S. Reksohadiprojo). Universitas Gadjah Mada Press. Furthermore, it needs an institutional Yogyakarta. strengthening one of which is the legal Ismayanti (2009). Pengantar Pariwisata. Jakarta. Grasindo. umbrella of Lake Meno area and the Mahyuda, Syafrudin Said dan Erianto (2013). Penilaian ecosystem in it. The imposition of tariff or Potensi Daya Tarik Danau Bekat Untuk Objek environmental service can be combined with Wisata di Kecamatan Tayan Hilir Kabupaten Sanggau. Jurnal Hutan Lestari. Vol. 1 No 2. Halaman the entrance ticket of Three Gili area. 174-282. Majid, Ratri Hanindha, (2008). Analisis Willingness To Pay REFERENCES Pengunjung Terhadap Upaya Pelestarian Kawasan Ahyadi, Hilman, dkk (2014). Pengembangan Ekowisata Situ Babakan, Srengseng Sawah, Jakarta Selatan. Birdwatching di Gili Meno. Jurnal Penelitian Skripsi DIpublikasikan. Fakultas Pertanian. Institute UNRAM, Vol.18. No. 1 Halaman 50-53. Pertanian Bogor.
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